Network collaborative manufacturing process supervision and responsibility tracing method and system based on oracle machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of smart contracts, and discloses a network collaborative manufacturing process supervision and responsibility traceability method and system based on an oracle machine, and realizes automatic supervision and responsibility traceability of a production process through a block chain technology. Goods information is scanned by using an RFID code scanning gun to automatically generate and submit delivery and receiving records to an intelligent contract of a block chain network, the intelligent contract processes and generates a delivery file, an acceptance file and an error work file, and the files are stored by the block chain network, so that the authenticity and non-tampering property of data are ensured. According to the method, the production transparency is remarkably improved, the responsibility tracing ability is enhanced, the supply chain management is optimized, the operation cost is reduced, and the supply chain competitiveness is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of smart contract technology, and in particular to a method and system for network collaborative manufacturing process supervision and responsibility tracing based on an oracle. Background Art

[0002] Networked collaborative manufacturing refers to the collaborative work of multiple manufacturers, suppliers, and other stakeholders on an information platform, enabling resource sharing, optimized scheduling, and information synchronization to improve production efficiency and reduce costs. To address the shortcomings of regional SMEs in skilled personnel, order acquisition, and logistics management, a networked collaborative manufacturing technology service platform is being built to connect the business chain of design, procurement, production, processing, and sales. It also provides collaborative services across the industry chain, such as service subcontracting and logistics supply, enabling efficient collaboration across enterprises.

[0003] However, in the process of networked collaborative manufacturing, due to differences in technical capabilities and management levels among participants, and the need for cross-enterprise collaboration, management and control are difficult. Some participants fail to fulfill their responsibilities, which in turn affects production cycles and product quality. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen process supervision measures to ensure that the actions of all parties in the process are recorded and monitored in a timely manner. In addition, if problems arise, a strict traceability and accountability mechanism must be established to quickly trace the specific responsible party, ensure timely resolution, prevent buck-passing, and ensure transparency and controllability of the entire production process.

[0004] In the past, some larger companies used local production information management systems (such as ERP systems, MES systems, etc.) to monitor certain links and record data. However, these systems usually manage a single factory or production line, lack cross-enterprise collaborative work capabilities, and cannot achieve effective supervision and accountability traceability for multi-party collaborative manufacturing. Therefore, modern manufacturing has begun to turn to more intelligent and digital process supervision and traceability methods, such as intelligent monitoring systems based on cloud computing, the Internet of Things, big data and other technologies. Although these methods currently perform better in supervision and traceability than in the past, they still have limitations in terms of comprehensiveness, accuracy, fairness and privacy.

[0005] Blockchain is a decentralized distributed ledger technology that allows multiple participants to jointly maintain a shared database without the need for a central authority. Once recorded, data on a blockchain cannot be modified or deleted, ensuring its security, transparency, and immutability. Furthermore, by dividing data into multiple "blocks" and linking these blocks together in chronological order to form a chain, blockchain provides traceability for blockchain data. Any data can be traced back to its source through this chain structure.

[0006] Smart contracts are self-executing programs that run on the blockchain, eliminating the need for a third-party intermediary. They automatically, transparently, and securely execute contract terms based on pre-defined rules and conditions. However, smart contracts themselves lack the ability to access data external to the blockchain, which is crucial for triggering and executing smart contracts. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the problems of insufficient responsibility implementation, insufficient process supervision, and difficulty in tracing and holding people accountable in the network collaborative manufacturing process caused by differences in technical capabilities and management levels among participants in the existing technology, the present invention proposes a network collaborative manufacturing process supervision and responsibility tracing method and system based on oracle.

[0008] The technical contents of the present invention are as follows:

[0009] One aspect of the present invention discloses a method for network collaborative manufacturing process supervision and responsibility tracing based on an oracle, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1: Through discussions among all participating companies, a detailed network collaborative manufacturing plan, rules, and acceptance criteria are determined, the responsibilities and obligations of all parties are clarified, and a network collaborative manufacturing platform is established;

[0011] S2: During the delivery and receipt phases of each participating enterprise in the collaborative manufacturing project, the RFID tags of the goods are scanned by the RFID scanner provided by the collaborative manufacturing platform to generate delivery records or receipt records, which are automatically sent to the smart contract deployed on the blockchain network through the oracle.

[0012] S3: After receiving the above data, the smart contract is triggered and automatically generates a delivery file and an acceptance file, and generates a work delay file in the specific case of delayed delivery;

[0013] S4: The smart contract submits the data automatically generated in step S3 to the blockchain network for storage;

[0014] S5: When and only when problems or objections arise during the network collaborative manufacturing process, the enterprise initiating traceability can initiate a file query request by calling the smart contract on the blockchain network. The delivery files, acceptance files, and work delay files stored in the blockchain network will be displayed in chronological order to trace back the cause of the problem and determine the person responsible.

[0015] Furthermore, the step S1 includes:

[0016] Each participating enterprise on the network collaborative manufacturing platform has a complete distributed ledger to prevent any participating enterprise from tampering with the data stored on the blockchain network.

[0017] Furthermore, the step S1 further includes:

[0018] The network collaborative manufacturing platform generates a unique public key, private key and address for each participating enterprise through the elliptic curve digital signature algorithm. The private key is a 64-bit hexadecimal string randomly generated by a random number. The public key can be obtained by inputting the private key into the elliptic curve algorithm, and the address can be obtained by compressing and mapping the public key.

[0019] Furthermore, step S3 includes:

[0020] After receiving the delivery record sent by the oracle, the smart contract automatically generates a delivery file, which contains the product ID, serial number, location information, delivery time, delivery person number and the public key identifier of the delivery company;

[0021] After receiving the receipt record sent by the oracle, the smart contract automatically generates an acceptance file. The acceptance file contains the product ID, serial number, location information, receipt time, receipt number, public key identifier of the acceptance company, and an acceptance report obtained by objectively analyzing the completion status and quality of the company's work in the previous stage;

[0022] After receiving the delivery record sent by the oracle, the smart contract automatically compares the delivery time in the delivery record with the preset agreed delivery time. When the delivery time is later than the agreed delivery time, the smart contract is triggered to automatically generate a work delay file. The work delay file contains the original delivery time, the actual delivery time, the work delay file and the public key identifier of the work delay enterprise.

[0023] Furthermore, the step S5 further includes:

[0024] S501: The company initiating traceability collects the public key identifiers of all related companies before the problem or objection occurs;

[0025] S502: The enterprise initiating traceability packages the collected public key identifiers into a request message, and after signature confirmation, sends a request for file query to the blockchain network;

[0026] S503: The smart contract layer formed between the blockchain network and the network collaborative manufacturing platform first responds to the request and verifies the enterprise signature. If the verification passes, the latest block address of the blockchain network is obtained. The target block generated before the problem occurred is further found through the obtained latest block address. At the same time, the smart contract parses all public key identifiers encapsulated in the request information. If the verification fails, the smart contract layer will reject the enterprise's request.

[0027] S504: Check whether the current target block has an archive record corresponding to the public key identifier carried in the request information. If so, retrieve the relevant archive. Otherwise, index to the previous block based on the previous block hash value in the block header of the current block, and then check the previous block.

[0028] S505: After the new target block is indexed according to the hash value, it is determined whether the target block is the initial block of the blockchain network. If not, the process of S505 is repeated until the indexed target block is the initial block of the blockchain network, and the tracing work is completed;

[0029] S506: Return all retrieved files in reverse order to the enterprise that initiated the request;

[0030] S507: After receiving the archival records obtained through traceability, the enterprise initiating traceability can further investigate the cause of the problem or hold the relevant responsible persons accountable.

[0031] Another aspect of the present invention discloses a network collaborative manufacturing process supervision and responsibility traceability system based on an oracle, comprising

[0032] A blockchain network, comprising multiple enterprise nodes and at least one supervisory node, is used to store delivery records, acceptance records, and work delay records. The blockchain network is deployed with smart contracts that enable automated supervision and accountability during the collaborative manufacturing process.

[0033] Network collaborative manufacturing platform: connected to the blockchain network, realizes data interaction with the blockchain network through smart contracts, and is responsible for distributing RFID scanners to participating companies. The network collaborative manufacturing platform includes a process supervision module and a responsibility traceability module;

[0034] Oracle: used for data transmission between the network collaborative manufacturing platform and the blockchain network, sending the shipping and receipt records generated by the RFID scanner to the smart contract on the blockchain network;

[0035] Smart contract layer: formed by smart contracts deployed on the blockchain network between the blockchain network and the network collaborative manufacturing platform. The oracle is connected to the network collaborative manufacturing platform to obtain data generated by the RFID scanner and is triggered to automatically generate delivery files and acceptance files. In the specific case of delayed delivery, a work delay file is generated to realize delivery supervision, acceptance supervision, construction period supervision and responsibility traceability functions.

[0036] Furthermore, the blockchain network is deployed with blockchain nodes formed by multiple blocks and a P2P network is formed by multiple blockchain nodes. The blockchain nodes include design enterprise nodes, procurement enterprise nodes, production enterprise nodes, processing enterprise nodes, sales enterprise nodes and project supervisor nodes.

[0037] Furthermore, the smart contract layer generates an initial block on any blockchain node. The initial block serves as the root block of other blocks. The blockchain node loads the correct block information before startup and cannot be modified arbitrarily. The other blocks form a chain structure after the initial block.

[0038] Furthermore, the blockchain node packages the data into multiple target blocks according to the time order of reception. The target block includes a block header and a block body. The block header is used to record the hash value, timestamp, and hash value of the current target block, and the block body contains the actual recorded data.

[0039] Furthermore, the block header is connected to the hash value of the previous block through a hash value to form a chain structure of the blockchain, which is used to ensure that the data cannot be tampered with, and the block body protects the security of the data through an encryption algorithm.

[0040] Furthermore, after any of the blockchain nodes updates a block, other blockchain nodes synchronize the latest block through a consensus protocol.

[0041] The beneficial effects of the present invention include at least:

[0042] (1) The present invention significantly improves the transparency and accountability of the production process by deploying blockchain technology and oracles in the network collaborative manufacturing process. By utilizing the immutability and traceability of blockchain, combined with the automated execution of smart contracts, the present invention can ensure that the actions and transaction records of all participants are recorded truthfully and accurately on the blockchain. This not only enhances trust among all participants, but also provides technical support for quickly and accurately tracing responsibilities when quality problems or delays occur. In this way, it is possible to effectively prevent the buck-passing and ensure that problems can be resolved in a timely manner, thereby ensuring the controllability and efficiency of the entire production process.

[0043] (2) Another aspect of the present invention optimizes supply chain management and reduces operating costs. The automatic collection of shipping and receiving data through RFID scanners reduces errors and time costs in manual recording. The automatic execution of smart contracts reduces dependence on intermediaries, simplifies the transaction process, and thus reduces transaction costs. In addition, the distributed nature of the blockchain network improves data security and system robustness, reducing potential losses due to data loss or tampering. Overall, the present invention provides a cost-effective solution for network collaborative manufacturing by improving the level of automation and data management efficiency, which helps to enhance the competitiveness of the entire supply chain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a network collaborative manufacturing process supervision and responsibility traceability system based on an oracle provided by the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 The present invention provides a flowchart for the network collaborative manufacturing process supervision and generation of delivery files.

[0046] Figure 3 This is a flowchart for implementing the responsibility tracing function adopted by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Combine Figure 1-3 As shown, one aspect of the present invention discloses a network collaborative manufacturing process supervision and responsibility tracing method based on an oracle, comprising the following steps:

[0049] S1: Through discussions among all participating companies, a detailed network collaborative manufacturing plan, rules, and acceptance criteria are determined, the responsibilities and obligations of all parties are clarified, and a network collaborative manufacturing platform is established;

[0050] S2: During the delivery and receipt phases of each participating enterprise in the collaborative manufacturing project, the RFID tags of the goods are scanned by the RFID scanner provided by the collaborative manufacturing platform to generate delivery records or receipt records, which are automatically sent to the smart contract deployed on the blockchain network through the oracle.

[0051] S3: After receiving the above data, the smart contract is triggered and automatically generates a delivery file and an acceptance file, and generates a work delay file in the specific case of delayed delivery;

[0052] S4: The smart contract submits the data automatically generated in step S3 to the blockchain network for storage;

[0053] S5: When and only when problems or objections arise during the network collaborative manufacturing process, the enterprise initiating traceability can initiate a file query request by calling the smart contract on the blockchain network. The delivery files, acceptance files, and work delay files stored in the blockchain network will be displayed in chronological order to trace back the cause of the problem and determine the person responsible.

[0054] To ensure the smooth progress of the networked collaborative manufacturing project and the maximum effectiveness of the methods involved in this invention, all participating parties should hold detailed consultation meetings at the project's initial stages to fully discuss and determine the overall networked collaborative manufacturing plan, specific implementation rules, and various acceptance criteria. Furthermore, all participating parties must clearly define their respective responsibilities and obligations, ensuring a clear understanding and agreement on the scope of their respective responsibilities. This will avoid ambiguity or conflicts of responsibility during project execution and lay a solid foundation for process oversight and accountability for networked collaborative manufacturing.

[0055] Furthermore, the step S1 includes:

[0056] Each participating enterprise on the network collaborative manufacturing platform has a complete distributed ledger to prevent any participating enterprise from tampering with the data stored on the blockchain network.

[0057] Furthermore, the step S1 further includes:

[0058] The network collaborative manufacturing platform generates a unique public key, private key and address for each participating enterprise through the elliptic curve digital signature algorithm. The private key is kept by itself and must not be leaked. The private key is a 64-bit hexadecimal string randomly generated by a random number. The public key can be obtained by inputting the private key into the elliptic curve algorithm, and the address can be obtained by compressing and mapping the public key.

[0059] Furthermore, step S3 includes:

[0060] After receiving the delivery record sent by the oracle, the smart contract automatically generates a delivery file, which contains the product ID, serial number, location information, delivery time, delivery person number and the public key identifier of the delivery company;

[0061] After receiving the receipt record sent by the oracle, the smart contract automatically generates an acceptance file. The acceptance file contains the product ID, serial number, location information, receipt time, receipt number, public key identifier of the acceptance company, and an acceptance report obtained by objectively analyzing the completion status and quality of the company's work in the previous stage;

[0062] After receiving the delivery record sent by the oracle, the smart contract automatically compares the delivery time in the delivery record with the preset agreed delivery time. When the delivery time is later than the agreed delivery time, the smart contract is triggered to automatically generate a work delay file. The work delay file contains the original delivery time, the actual delivery time, the work delay file and the public key identifier of the work delay enterprise.

[0063] Furthermore, the step S5 further includes:

[0064] S501: The company initiating traceability collects the public key identifiers of all related companies before the problem or objection occurs;

[0065] S502: The enterprise initiating traceability packages the collected public key identifiers into a request message, and after signature confirmation, sends a request for file query to the blockchain network;

[0066] S503: The smart contract layer formed between the blockchain network and the network collaborative manufacturing platform first responds to the request and verifies the enterprise signature. If the verification passes, the latest block address of the blockchain network is obtained. The target block generated before the problem occurred is further found through the obtained latest block address. At the same time, the smart contract parses all public key identifiers encapsulated in the request information. If the verification fails, the smart contract layer will reject the enterprise's request.

[0067] S504: Check whether the current target block has an archive record corresponding to the public key identifier carried in the request information. If so, retrieve the relevant archive. Otherwise, index to the previous block based on the previous block hash value in the block header of the current block, and then check the previous block.

[0068] S505: After the new target block is indexed according to the hash value, it is determined whether the target block is the initial block of the blockchain network. If not, the process of S504 is repeated until the indexed target block is the initial block of the blockchain network, and the tracing work is completed;

[0069] S506: Return all retrieved files in reverse order to the enterprise that initiated the request;

[0070] S507: After receiving the archival records obtained through traceability, the enterprise initiating traceability can further investigate the cause of the problem or hold the relevant responsible persons accountable.

[0071] Combine Figure 3As shown, the blockchain network stores relevant files in chronological order. Therefore, when returning the traceability results to the enterprise, they need to be returned in reverse order, that is, the last retrieved file record is returned first.

[0072] Another aspect of the present invention discloses a network collaborative manufacturing process supervision and responsibility traceability system based on an oracle, comprising

[0073] A blockchain network, comprising multiple enterprise nodes and at least one supervisory node, is used to store delivery records, acceptance records, and work delay records. The blockchain network is deployed with smart contracts that enable automated supervision and accountability during the collaborative manufacturing process.

[0074] Network collaborative manufacturing platform: connected to the blockchain network, realizes data interaction with the blockchain network through smart contracts, and is responsible for distributing RFID scanners to participating companies. The network collaborative manufacturing platform includes a process supervision module and a responsibility traceability module;

[0075] Oracle: used for data transmission between the network collaborative manufacturing platform and the blockchain network, sending the shipping and receipt records generated by the RFID scanner to the smart contract on the blockchain network;

[0076] Smart contract layer: formed by smart contracts deployed on the blockchain network between the blockchain network and the network collaborative manufacturing platform. The oracle is connected to the network collaborative manufacturing platform to obtain data generated by the RFID scanner and is triggered to automatically generate delivery files and acceptance files. In the specific case of delayed delivery, a work delay file is generated to realize delivery supervision, acceptance supervision, construction period supervision and responsibility traceability functions.

[0077] Furthermore, the blockchain network is deployed with blockchain nodes formed by multiple blocks and a P2P network is formed by multiple blockchain nodes. The blockchain nodes include design enterprise nodes, procurement enterprise nodes, production enterprise nodes, processing enterprise nodes, sales enterprise nodes and project supervisor nodes.

[0078] Among them, design companies, purchasing companies, production companies, processing companies, sales companies, etc. directly participate in network collaborative manufacturing. The existence of project supervisory nodes is mainly to prevent other parties from joining forces to tamper with data records.

[0079] Smart contracts are deployed on the blockchain network, forming a smart contract layer between the collaborative manufacturing platform and the blockchain network. Smart contracts interact with external data through oracles. The collaborative manufacturing platform distributes customized RFID scanners (hardware oracles) to all participating companies. These scanners scan the RFID tags on items, track the companies' shipping and receiving activities at each stage, generate shipping and receiving records, and send them to the smart contract.

[0080] Furthermore, the smart contract layer generates an initial block on any blockchain node. The initial block serves as the root block of other blocks. The blockchain node loads the correct block information before startup and cannot be modified arbitrarily. The other blocks form a chain structure after the initial block.

[0081] The smart contract layer connects to the underlying blockchain layer and, while accessing real-world data through oracles, also connects to the specific business layer and various participating parties, forming the overall architecture of the invention. A genesis block is generated on any participating blockchain node. This block serves as the root block for all other blocks. All nodes must be loaded with the correct block information before startup and cannot be modified. All subsequent blocks follow this initial block in a chained structure. All participating parties participate in the governance of the blockchain network, and each participant maintains a complete copy of the distributed ledger, preventing tampering by any party.

[0082] At the specific stage of network collaborative manufacturing, each participant needs to actively or automatically submit corresponding data to the smart contract through an oracle, and the smart contract needs to generate relevant files to meet the supervision requirements of the network collaborative manufacturing process.

[0083] Furthermore, the blockchain node packages the data into multiple target blocks according to the time sequence of receiving the data. The target block includes a block header and a block body. The block header is used to record the hash value, timestamp, and hash value of the current target block, and the block body contains the actual recorded data.

[0084] Furthermore, the block header is connected to the hash value of the previous block through a hash value to form a chain structure of the blockchain, which is used to ensure that the data cannot be tampered with, and the block body protects the security of the data through an encryption algorithm.

[0085] Furthermore, after any of the blockchain nodes updates a block, other blockchain nodes synchronize the latest block through a consensus protocol.

[0086] To ensure chain traceability, the block headers of all target blocks must accurately contain the hash value of the previous block, and the hash value of the previous block of the first block must be set to the hash value of the initial block. When a node in the blockchain updates a new block, other nodes in the blockchain synchronize the latest block through a consensus protocol to ensure that the block status of all nodes in the blockchain network is always up to date, thereby achieving the goal of all participants jointly maintaining and sharing a complete blockchain. When a participant initiates a query request to the blockchain, the blockchain smart contract must verify the identity and message of the current request. If correct, the blockchain network calls the next smart contract for analysis and processing; otherwise, the request is rejected.

[0087] The present invention realizes four major functions: delivery supervision, acceptance supervision, construction period supervision, and responsibility traceability. The specific implementation methods of each function are as follows:

[0088] (1) Delivery supervision

[0089] In order to more comprehensively record the production and delivery behavior of each enterprise and facilitate supervision and traceability, when the goods are manufactured at a certain stage of the network collaborative manufacturing process, the enterprise at that stage needs to use the RFID scanner (hardware oracle) assigned by the network collaborative manufacturing platform to scan the RFID electronic tag of the goods for delivery. The scanner generates the corresponding delivery record and automatically sends it to the smart contract for further processing. The delivery record contains important information such as the product ID, serial number, location information, delivery time, delivery person number, and the public key identifier of the delivery enterprise. After receiving the delivery record from the hardware oracle, the smart contract will automatically generate a delivery file and submit it to the blockchain network for archiving. The delivery file includes the delivery record, the public key identifier of the delivery enterprise, etc.

[0090] The specific process of generating delivery files is as follows Figure 2 As shown, combined Figure 2 As shown, this is achieved through the following steps:

[0091] 1) Enterprises produce goods: Enterprises participating in network collaborative manufacturing first produce goods;

[0092] 2) Generate RFID electronic tags: The finished goods will be assigned corresponding RFID electronic tags. This step ensures that each product has a unique identification;

[0093] 3) Use RFID scanner: Enterprises use the customized RFID scanner allocated by the platform to scan the RFID electronic tags of goods;

[0094] 4) Generate a delivery record: The company completes the delivery operation and generates a delivery record after scanning with an RFID scanner. The record contains detailed information about the goods.

[0095] 5) Smart contract processing: Shipping records are sent to the smart contract, which processes these records and generates a delivery profile;

[0096] 6) Submit to the blockchain network: The generated delivery file is submitted to the blockchain network for storage for subsequent supervision and accountability, ensuring the security and immutability of the data.

[0097] (2) Acceptance supervision

[0098] In order to avoid the accumulation of problems in the process of network collaborative manufacturing and reduce corporate disputes, except for the participating enterprises in the initial stage, the participating enterprises in each subsequent stage need to use the RFID scanner (hardware oracle) allocated by the network collaborative manufacturing platform to scan the RFID electronic tag of the goods to confirm receipt when receiving the manufactured goods from the enterprises in the previous stage. The RFID scanner generates the corresponding receipt record and automatically sends it to the smart contract for further processing. The receipt record contains important information such as the product ID, serial number, location information, receipt time, receipt manual number, and the public key identification of the acceptance enterprise; at the same time, it is necessary to objectively analyze the completion status and completion quality of the enterprise's work in the previous stage, and draw up an acceptance report and actively submit it to the smart contract. After receiving the receipt record from the hardware oracle and the acceptance report submitted by the enterprise, the smart contract will automatically generate an acceptance file and submit it to the blockchain network for archiving; the acceptance file includes the receipt record, acceptance report, and the public key identification of the acceptance enterprise.

[0099] (3) Construction period supervision

[0100] Before the project begins, the network collaborative manufacturing platform will set the delivery time for participating companies at each stage through smart contracts in accordance with the contract agreement. When a participating company at a certain stage completes the manufacturing of goods and uses an RFID scanner (hardware oracle) to scan the RFID electronic tag of the goods for shipment, the smart contract will receive the shipment record from the hardware oracle and automatically compare the shipment time in the shipment record with the preset agreed delivery time. If the shipment time is later than the agreed delivery time, the smart contract will be triggered to automatically generate a delayed work file and submit it to the blockchain network for archiving. The delayed work file includes the original delivery time, actual delivery time, delayed work file, public key identifier of the delayed work company, etc. The delayed work file is one of the important influencing factors for corporate credit assessment in network collaborative manufacturing.

[0101] Attached is the pseudo code description of the smart contract:

[0102]

[0103]

[0104]

[0105]

[0106] The delivery files, acceptance files, work delay files, etc. generated by the above modules will be submitted to the blockchain network, utilizing the blockchain's security and tamper-proof features to provide reliable data for the responsibility traceability function.

[0107] (4) Responsibility tracing

[0108] During the collaborative manufacturing process, if issues related to safety, quality, construction period, disputes, or other issues arise, or if there are objections from enterprises, this function will be used to trace back the cause of the problem or to hold people accountable, using the archive records uploaded to the blockchain network by other functional modules. Specifically, the enterprise that discovers the problem or has an objection provides the public key identifiers of all enterprises before the problem or objection occurred, invokes the responsibility tracing function, and uses the relevant archive records uploaded by other functional modules to trace back the cause of the problem and determine the person responsible. Since the relevant delivery archives, acceptance archives, and work delay archives in the blockchain network are stored in a chain-like manner in chronological order, the traceability work is done by indexing and obtaining records from the latest block in the blockchain chain back to the initial block, and then finding the cause of the problem or holding people accountable based on the specific information.

[0109] In this invention, the blockchain oracle acts as a bridge between the smart contract and the outside world and is an important way for the smart contract to interact with the outside world for data. At the same time, the oracle provides a trusted data source, reduces the risk of data tampering, enhances the security and credibility of the smart contract, and ensures the triggering and execution of the smart contract.

[0110] Therefore, the present invention utilizes the extremely strong verifiability and traceability of blockchain, the strict automated execution characteristics of smart contracts, and the data interaction function of blockchain oracles, combined with the characteristics of specific scenarios of network collaborative manufacturing, and helps enterprises achieve network collaborative manufacturing process supervision and responsibility traceability through the solution provided by the present invention.

[0111] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A network collaborative manufacturing process supervision and responsibility traceability method based on an oracle, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1: Through discussions among all participating companies, a detailed network collaborative manufacturing plan, rules, and acceptance criteria are determined, the responsibilities and obligations of all parties are clarified, and a network collaborative manufacturing platform is established; S2: During the delivery and receipt phases of each participating enterprise in the collaborative manufacturing project, the RFID tags of the goods are scanned by the RFID scanner provided by the collaborative manufacturing platform to generate delivery records or receipt records, which are automatically sent to the smart contract deployed on the blockchain network through the oracle. S3: After receiving the above data, the smart contract is triggered and automatically generates a delivery file and an acceptance file, and generates a work delay file in the specific case of delayed delivery; S4: The smart contract submits the data automatically generated in step S3 to the blockchain network for storage; S5: When and only when problems or objections arise during the network collaborative manufacturing process, the enterprise initiating traceability can initiate a file query request by calling the smart contract on the blockchain network. The delivery files, acceptance files, and work delay files stored in the blockchain network will be displayed in chronological order to trace back the cause of the problem and determine the person responsible.

2. The oracle-based network collaborative manufacturing process supervision and responsibility tracing method according to claim 1 is characterized by: The step S1 comprises: Each participating enterprise on the network collaborative manufacturing platform has a complete distributed ledger to prevent any participating enterprise from tampering with the data stored on the blockchain network.

3. The oracle-based network collaborative manufacturing process supervision and responsibility tracing method according to claim 2 is characterized by: The step S1 further includes: The network collaborative manufacturing platform generates a unique public key, private key and address for each participating enterprise through the elliptic curve digital signature algorithm. The private key is a 64-bit hexadecimal string randomly generated by a random number. The public key can be obtained by inputting the private key into the elliptic curve algorithm, and the address can be obtained by compressing and mapping the public key.

4. The oracle-based network collaborative manufacturing process supervision and responsibility tracing method according to claim 3 is characterized by: The step S3 comprises: After receiving the delivery record sent by the oracle, the smart contract automatically generates a delivery file, which contains the product ID, serial number, location information, delivery time, delivery person number and the public key identifier of the delivery company; After receiving the receipt record sent by the oracle, the smart contract automatically generates an acceptance file. The acceptance file contains the product ID, serial number, location information, receipt time, receipt number, public key identifier of the acceptance company, and an acceptance report obtained by objectively analyzing the completion status and quality of the company's work in the previous stage; After receiving the delivery record sent by the oracle, the smart contract automatically compares the delivery time in the delivery record with the preset agreed delivery time. When the delivery time is later than the agreed delivery time, the smart contract is triggered to automatically generate a work delay file. The work delay file contains the original delivery time, the actual delivery time, the work delay file and the public key identifier of the work delay enterprise.

5. The oracle-based network collaborative manufacturing process supervision and responsibility tracing method according to claim 1 is characterized by: The step S5 further includes: S501: The company initiating traceability collects the public key identifiers of all related companies before the problem or objection occurs; S502: The enterprise initiating traceability packages the collected public key identifiers into a request message, and after signature confirmation, sends a request for file query to the blockchain network; S503: The smart contract layer formed between the blockchain network and the network collaborative manufacturing platform first responds to the request and verifies the enterprise signature. If the verification passes, the latest block address of the blockchain network is obtained. The target block generated before the problem occurred is further found through the obtained latest block address. At the same time, the smart contract parses all public key identifiers encapsulated in the request information. If the verification fails, the smart contract layer will reject the enterprise's request. S504: Check whether the current target block has an archive record corresponding to the public key identifier carried in the request information. If so, retrieve the relevant archive. Otherwise, index to the previous block based on the previous block hash value in the block header of the current block, and then check the previous block. S505: After the new target block is indexed according to the hash value, it is determined whether the target block is the initial block of the blockchain network. If not, the process of S504 is repeated until the indexed target block is the initial block of the blockchain network, and the tracing work is completed; S506: Return all retrieved files in reverse order to the enterprise that initiated the request; S507: After receiving the archival records obtained through traceability, the enterprise initiating traceability can further investigate the cause of the problem or hold the relevant responsible persons accountable.

6. A network collaborative manufacturing process monitoring and responsibility traceability system based on an oracle, characterized by: include A blockchain network, comprising multiple enterprise nodes and at least one supervisory node, is used to store delivery records, acceptance records, and work delay records. The blockchain network is deployed with smart contracts that enable automated supervision and accountability during the collaborative manufacturing process. Network collaborative manufacturing platform: connected to the blockchain network, realizes data interaction with the blockchain network through smart contracts, and is responsible for distributing RFID scanners to participating companies. The network collaborative manufacturing platform includes a process supervision module and a responsibility traceability module; Oracle: used for data transmission between the network collaborative manufacturing platform and the blockchain network, sending the shipping and receipt records generated by the RFID scanner to the smart contract on the blockchain network; Smart contract layer: formed by smart contracts deployed on the blockchain network between the blockchain network and the network collaborative manufacturing platform. The oracle is connected to the network collaborative manufacturing platform to obtain data generated by the RFID scanner and is triggered to automatically generate delivery files and acceptance files. In the specific case of delayed delivery, a work delay file is generated to realize delivery supervision, acceptance supervision, construction period supervision and responsibility traceability functions.

7. The oracle-based network collaborative manufacturing process monitoring and responsibility traceability system according to claim 6 is characterized by: The blockchain network is deployed with blockchain nodes formed by multiple blocks and a P2P network is formed by multiple blockchain nodes. The blockchain nodes include design enterprise nodes, procurement enterprise nodes, production enterprise nodes, processing enterprise nodes, sales enterprise nodes and project supervisor nodes. After any of the blockchain nodes updates a block, the other blockchain nodes synchronize the latest block through a consensus protocol.

8. The oracle-based network collaborative manufacturing process monitoring and responsibility traceability system according to claim 7 is characterized by: The smart contract layer generates an initial block on any blockchain node. The initial block serves as the root block of other blocks. The blockchain node loads the correct block information before startup and cannot be modified arbitrarily. The other blocks form a chain structure after the initial block.

9. The oracle-based network collaborative manufacturing process monitoring and responsibility traceability system according to claim 8 is characterized by: The blockchain node packages the data into multiple target blocks according to the time order of reception. The target block includes a block header and a block body. The block header is used to record the hash value, timestamp, and hash value of the current target block, and the block body contains the actual recorded data.

10. The oracle-based network collaborative manufacturing process monitoring and responsibility traceability system according to claim 9 is characterized by: The block header is connected to the hash value of the previous block through a hash value to form a chain structure of the blockchain, which is used to ensure that the data cannot be tampered with. The block body protects the security of the data through an encryption algorithm.

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