New energy mining truck water cooling machine shell low pressure casting mold and casting process

Abstract

The application discloses a new energy mine card water cooling machine shell low-pressure casting mold and a casting process, an annular pressure storage cavity is formed above the parting surface of the upper mold steel core and the bottom mold steel core on the upper mold steel core, an upper mold water cooling cavity is formed in the upper mold steel core, a bottom mold water cooling cavity is formed in the bottom mold steel core, a plurality of feeding risers are arranged on the top of the upper mold steel core, a plurality of positioning seats are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the mold steel core on the bottom mold, a positioning sliding plate is slidably arranged in the opening of the positioning seat, a pushing mechanism is used for driving the positioning sliding plate to ascend and descend, and four pouring gates are arranged in the 45-degree direction of the bottom mold sand core positioning. The mold structure is designed in three layers of feeding and cooperates with two layers of chilling scheme, the product height is divided into two by the feeding of the middle two layers, the feeding effect is improved, and the casting problem of insufficient feeding distance of the product with high height is solved; the positioning sliding plate of the sand core positioning can automatically ascend and descend, the feeding of the casting liquid is avoided, and the finished product quality of the casting is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mold manufacturing equipment technology, and more specifically, to a low-pressure casting mold and casting process for a water-cooled housing of a new energy mining truck. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of new energy mining trucks, water-cooled motor housings have become a key component, and their performance and quality play a decisive role in the power transmission, stability, and reliability of the entire vehicle. New energy mining truck water-cooled motor housings are characterized by large size, complex structure, uneven wall thickness, and fine heat dissipation channels. Traditional casting processes are prone to defects such as shrinkage cavities and porosity due to insufficient feeding, affecting the mechanical properties and airtightness of the motor housing. Existing low-pressure casting molds and processes are insufficient to meet the high-quality molding requirements. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a targeted feeding scheme, mold structure, and corresponding casting process parameters to solve the quality problems of large mining truck water-cooled motor housings, thereby achieving mass production. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a low-pressure casting mold and casting process for the water-cooled casing of a new energy mining truck.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: A low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled housing of a new energy mining truck, comprising a bottom mold, an upper mold, a mold steel core, a sand core, and four side molds. The four side molds surround the outside of the mold steel core. The upper mold steel core is installed on an upper template, and the bottom mold steel core is installed on a bottom template. The mold steel core includes an upper mold steel core and a bottom mold steel core. The bottom mold steel core is detachably installed on the bottom mold, and the upper mold steel core is detachably installed on the upper mold. An annular pressure storage cavity is formed on the parting surface between the bottom of the upper mold steel core and the bottom mold steel core. An upper mold water-cooling cavity is formed inside the upper mold steel core, and a bottom mold water-cooling cavity is formed inside the bottom mold steel core. The upper mold water-cooling cavity is connected to both inlet and outlet water pipes. The sand core is located between the side mold and the mold steel core. The top of the upper mold steel core has multiple feeding risers on the upper template. Multiple positioning seats are evenly arranged around the outer side of the mold steel core. The positioning seats are fixedly installed on the bottom mold. An air extraction pipe is connected to the outer side of the positioning seats. The positioning seats are U-shaped with their openings facing the sand core. A positioning slide plate is slidably installed inside the opening of the positioning seat. One side of the positioning slide plate contacts the sand core. A push mechanism is installed at the bottom of the bottom mold. The push mechanism is used to drive the positioning slide plate to rise and fall. The bottom mold sand core has four gates at a 45-degree angle. Heating rods are installed around the annular pressure storage cavity.

[0005] Preferably, the bottom mold surface has an insertion port at the opening position of the positioning seat, and the positioning slide is inserted into the insertion port.

[0006] Preferably, the pushing mechanism includes a lead screw motor and a threaded bushing. The lead screw motor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bottom mold, and the lead screw shaft of the lead screw motor is connected to the threaded bushing. The lower ends of the plurality of positioning slides are fixedly connected to the outer side of the threaded bushing.

[0007] Preferably, a closing mechanism is installed on the upper part of the bottom mold adjacent to the positioning seat. When the positioning slide plate is disengaged from the insertion port, the closing mechanism closes the insertion port.

[0008] Preferably, the closing mechanism includes a sliding column, a spring, and a closing plate. A sliding groove is provided on the upper part of the bottom mold adjacent to the positioning seat. A through hole is provided on the inner side of the sliding groove to pass through the corresponding insertion port. The closing plate is inserted into the through hole. The sliding column is located in the sliding groove. One side of the sliding column is fixedly connected to one end of the closing plate. The spring is located in the sliding groove. One end of the spring is in elastic contact with the sliding column.

[0009] Preferably, the feed riser is fan-shaped.

[0010] Preferably, a positioning groove is provided at the bottom of the slid opening away from the positioning seat, and a positioning block matching the size of the positioning groove is fixedly provided at the bottom of the sliding column.

[0011] A casting process for a low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled housing of a new energy mining truck includes the following steps:

[0012] Before casting, the side mold is preheated to 330-360℃, the upper mold steel core and the bottom mold steel core are preheated to 360-380℃, and the bottom mold is preheated to 420-450℃.

[0013] The temperature of the molten aluminum is controlled at 705-715℃. Then, by pressurizing the molten aluminum in the holding furnace, the molten aluminum is poured from bottom to top through the gate 11.

[0014] The pouring pressure was maintained at 260 mbar for the first 15 seconds before pouring began, and then 500 mbar, 500 mbar, 750 mbar, and 750 mbar for the next 18, 2, 4, and 600-700 seconds, respectively.

[0015] The water cooling times for the upper mold water cooling channel 52 and the bottom mold water cooling channel 61 are 60 seconds and 70 seconds after the start of pouring, respectively, with an opening time of 50 seconds for each.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] The mold structure of this invention features a three-layer feeding system combined with a two-layer quenching scheme. The feeding of the middle two layers divides the product height into two parts, improving the feeding effect and thus solving the casting problem of insufficient feeding distance for products with high height. The horizontal diameter direction features four gates extending into the horizontal runner, which directly overlaps with the casting body for feeding, shortening the feeding distance and improving the feeding effect.

[0018] Exhausting air through the positioning seat can increase the exhaust speed and volume under the same negative pressure suction, avoiding the problem of poor sand core exhaust causing the product to be burned during the casting process and thus scrapped.

[0019] The positioning slide plate of the sand core positioning can be automatically raised and lowered. In the early stage of pouring, the sand core can be accurately positioned by the positioning slide plate to avoid misalignment. After pouring, the positioning slide plate can automatically detach from the sand core to avoid affecting the feeding of the molten casting and improve the quality of the finished casting. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled housing of a new energy mining truck according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the mold steel core of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled housing of a new energy mining truck according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the bottom mold and sand core of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the bottom mold of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Bottom mold; 11. Gate; 12. Gland; 13. Slide gate; 14. Through hole; 15. Positioning groove; 2. Side mold; 3. Upper mold; 4. Sand core; 41. Positioning slide plate; 42. Screw motor; 43. Threaded bushing; 5. Upper mold steel core; 51. Annular pressure storage cavity; 52. Upper mold water cooling channel; 53. Water inlet pipe; 54. Water outlet pipe; 55. Shrinkage riser; 6. Bottom mold steel core; 61. Bottom mold water cooling channel; 7. Positioning seat; 71. Air extraction pipe; 8. Sealing mechanism; 81. Sliding column; 82. Positioning block; 83. Spring; 84. Sealing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby providing a clearer and more explicit definition of the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] See Figures 1-5 As shown, this invention provides a low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled housing of a new energy mining truck, including a bottom mold 1, an upper mold 3, an upper mold steel core 5, a bottom mold steel core 6, a sand core 4, and four side molds 2. The four side molds 2 surround the outside of the mold steel core. The upper mold steel core 5 is installed on the upper mold 3. The mold steel core includes the upper mold steel core 5 and the bottom mold steel core 6. The bottom mold steel core 6 is detachably installed on the bottom mold 1, and the upper mold steel core 5 is detachably installed on the upper mold 3. An annular pressure storage cavity 51 is formed on the parting surface between the bottom of the upper mold steel core 5 and the bottom mold steel core 6. An upper mold water-cooling cavity 52 is formed inside the upper mold steel core 5, and a bottom mold water-cooling cavity 61 is formed inside the bottom mold steel core 6. The bottom mold water-cooling cavity 61 and the upper mold water-cooling cavity 52 are connected by an inlet pipe 53 and an outlet pipe 54. The sand core 4 is located between the side molds 2 and the mold steel core. The top of the upper mold steel core 5 is attached to the upper mold 3. The mold has multiple feeding risers 55. Multiple positioning seats 7 are evenly arranged around the outer side of the mold core. The positioning seats 7 are fixedly installed on the bottom mold 1. The positioning seats 7 are long strips, which double the contact area between the positioning seat and the sand core body compared with the traditional round core head. Under the same negative pressure evacuation, the evacuation speed and evacuation volume can be greatly increased. An evacuation pipe 71 is connected to the outside of the positioning seat 7. The evacuation pipe 71 is connected to a compressed air machine. After the compressed air is turned on, a negative pressure is formed so as to extract the gas emitted by the sand core 4 when heated during the filling process. The positioning seat 7 is U-shaped, and its opening faces the sand core 4. A positioning slide plate 41 is slidably installed in the opening of the positioning seat 7. One side of the positioning slide plate 41 is in contact with the sand core 4. A push mechanism is installed at the bottom of the bottom mold 1. The push mechanism is used to drive the positioning slide plate 41 to rise and fall. The bottom mold 1 has four gates 11 in the 45-degree direction of the sand core 4 positioning.

[0029] In this embodiment, the bottom mold 1 has an insertion port 12 at the opening position of the positioning seat 7 on its surface, and the positioning slide plate 41 is inserted into the insertion port 12.

[0030] In this embodiment, the pushing mechanism includes a lead screw motor 42 and a threaded bushing 43. The lead screw motor 42 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bottom mold 1. The lead screw shaft of the lead screw motor 42 is connected to the threaded bushing 43. The lower ends of the plurality of positioning slide plates 41 are fixedly connected to the outside of the threaded bushing 43.

[0031] In this embodiment, a closing mechanism 8 is installed on the upper part of the bottom mold 1 adjacent to the positioning seat 7. When the positioning slide plate 41 is disengaged from the insertion port 12, the closing mechanism 8 closes the insertion port 12.

[0032] In this embodiment, the closing mechanism 8 includes a sliding column 81, a spring 83, and a closing plate 84. A sliding groove 13 is provided on the upper part of the bottom mold 1 adjacent to the positioning seat 7. A through hole 14 is provided on the inner side of the sliding groove 13, which passes through the corresponding insertion port 12. The closing plate 84 is inserted into the through hole 14. The sliding column 81 is located in the sliding groove 13. One side of the sliding column 81 is fixedly connected to one end of the closing plate 84. The spring 83 is located in the sliding groove 13. One end of the spring 83 is in elastic contact with the sliding column 81.

[0033] In this embodiment, heating rods are installed around the annular pressure storage chamber 51. Heating by the heating rods can delay the solidification time of the aluminum liquid in the chamber. Under pressure, the pressure storage chamber 51 can continuously replenish the middle part of the casing, thereby improving the internal quality of the product.

[0034] In this embodiment, the feeding riser 55 is fan-shaped to facilitate venting and feeding. Before pouring, the riser is filled with rock wool to further improve the feeding capacity.

[0035] Furthermore, when it is necessary to replace or remove the positioning slide plate 41, in order for the slide column 81 to remain in the corresponding position, in this embodiment, a positioning groove 15 is provided at the bottom of the slide groove 13 away from the positioning seat 7, and a positioning block 82 matching the size of the positioning groove 15 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the slide column 81. The positioning block 82 can engage with the positioning groove 15 to achieve the stability of the slide column 81.

[0036] A casting process for a low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled housing of a new energy mining truck includes the following steps:

[0037] Before casting, preheat the side mold 2 to 330-360℃, the upper mold steel core 5 and the bottom mold steel core 6 to 360-380℃, and the bottom mold 1 to 420-450℃.

[0038] The temperature of the molten aluminum is controlled at 705-715℃. Then, by pressurizing the molten aluminum in the holding furnace, the molten aluminum is poured from bottom to top through the gate 11.

[0039] The pouring pressure was maintained at 260 mbar for the first 15 seconds before pouring began, and then 500 mbar, 500 mbar, 750 mbar, and 750 mbar for the next 18, 2, 4, and 600-700 seconds, respectively.

[0040] The water cooling times for the upper mold water cooling channel 52 and the bottom mold water cooling channel 61 are 60 seconds and 70 seconds after the start of pouring, respectively, with an opening time of 50 seconds for each.

[0041] Comparative experiments showed that when the above casting parameters were used, the produced mining truck water-cooled casings were of good quality, with a yield rate of over 95%.

[0042] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the patent owner may make various modifications or alterations within the scope of the appended claims, as long as they do not exceed the protection scope described in the claims of the present invention, they shall be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled housing of a new energy mining truck, comprising a bottom mold, an upper mold, a mold steel core, a sand core, and four side molds, wherein the four side molds surround the outside of the mold steel core, the upper mold steel core is mounted on an upper template, and the bottom mold steel core is mounted on a bottom template, characterized in that: The mold core includes an upper mold core and a bottom mold core. The bottom mold core is detachably mounted on the bottom mold, and the upper mold core is detachably mounted on the upper mold. An annular pressure storage cavity is formed on the parting surface between the bottom of the upper mold core and the bottom mold core. An upper mold water-cooling cavity is formed inside the upper mold core, and a bottom mold water-cooling cavity is formed inside the bottom mold core. Both the bottom mold water-cooling cavity and the upper mold water-cooling cavity are connected to an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. The sand core is located between the side mold and the mold core. The top of the upper mold core is on the upper template. The upper mold has multiple feeding risers. Multiple positioning seats are evenly distributed around the outer side of the mold core. The positioning seats are fixedly installed on the bottom mold. An air extraction pipe is connected to the outer side of the positioning seat. The positioning seat is U-shaped and its opening faces the sand core. A positioning slide plate is slidably installed in the opening of the positioning seat. One side of the positioning slide plate is in contact with the sand core. A pushing mechanism is installed at the bottom of the bottom mold. The pushing mechanism is used to drive the positioning slide plate to rise and fall. The bottom mold has four gates at a 45-degree angle to the sand core. A heating rod is installed around the annular pressure storage cavity.

2. The low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled housing of a new energy mining truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom mold surface has an insertion port at the opening of the positioning seat, and the positioning slide is inserted into the insertion port.

3. The low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled housing of a new energy mining truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jacking mechanism includes a lead screw motor and a threaded bushing. The lead screw motor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bottom mold, and the lead screw shaft of the lead screw motor is connected to the threaded bushing. The lower ends of the multiple positioning slides are fixedly connected to the outside of the threaded bushing.

4. The low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled housing of a new energy mining truck according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper part of the bottom mold is equipped with a closing mechanism adjacent to the positioning seat. When the positioning slide plate is disengaged from the insertion port, the closing mechanism will close the insertion port.

5. The low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled housing of a new energy mining truck according to claim 4, characterized in that: The closing mechanism includes a sliding column, a spring, and a closing plate. A sliding groove is provided on the upper part of the bottom mold adjacent to the positioning seat. A through hole is provided on the inner side of the sliding groove, which passes through the corresponding insertion port. The closing plate is inserted into the through hole. The sliding column is located in the sliding groove. One side of the sliding column is fixedly connected to one end of the closing plate. The spring is located in the sliding groove, and one end of the spring is in elastic contact with the sliding column.

6. The low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled housing of a new energy mining truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed riser is fan-shaped.

7. A low-pressure casting mold for a water-cooled housing of a new energy mining truck according to claim 5, characterized in that: A positioning groove is provided at the bottom of the slide groove, away from the positioning seat, and a positioning block matching the size of the positioning groove is fixed at the bottom of the slide column.

8. The casting process of the low-pressure casting mold for the water-cooled housing of a new energy mining truck according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Before casting, the side mold is preheated to 330-360℃, the mold steel core and the bottom mold steel core are preheated to 360-380℃, and the bottom mold is preheated to 420-450℃. The temperature of the molten aluminum is controlled at 705-715℃. Then, the molten aluminum in the holding furnace is pressurized and poured from bottom to top through the gate. The pouring pressure was maintained at 260 mbar for the first 15 seconds before pouring began, and then 500 mbar, 500 mbar, 750 mbar, and 750 mbar for the next 18, 2, 4, and 600-700 seconds, respectively. The water cooling time points for the upper mold water cooling cavity and the lower mold water cooling cavity are 60 seconds and 70 seconds respectively, and the opening time is 50 seconds for both.

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