Preparation method of sheet metal guide rail groove part

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of forming and heat treatment, in particular to a preparation method of a metal plate guide rail groove part, which comprises the following steps: S1, carrying out first punch forming on a 0Cr17Ni7Al stainless steel plate; s2, solution treatment is conducted on the part obtained after first-time punch forming; s3, performing molded surface correction on the part subjected to solution treatment; s4, carrying out secondary punch forming on the corrected part; s5, austenite adjusting treatment and ice-cooling treatment are sequentially conducted on the part obtained after second-time punch forming; and S6, the part is loaded into a shape correcting mold to be subjected to aging treatment, and profile correction is completed synchronously. The method is suitable for controlling the molded surface and hardness of the 0Cr17Ni7Al stainless steel thin and long metal plate guide rail groove part, it is ensured that the hardness HRA of the part is larger than or equal to 70.5 by optimizing the forming and heat treatment process, meanwhile, deformation is remarkably reduced, and the assembly requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of forming and heat treatment, and in particular to a method for preparing a sheet metal guide rail groove part. Background Art

[0002] Combine Figure 1 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a sheet metal guide rail groove component. The material of the sheet metal guide rail groove component is 0Cr17Ni7Al. Since 0Cr17Ni7Al is a phase transformation precipitation hardening stainless steel, it has excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.

[0003] However, existing technologies, due to insufficient control over material properties and heat treatment processes, result in substandard part hardness (HRA < 70.5) or the development of soft spots. Furthermore, parts are susceptible to severe distortion after heat treatment. This is particularly true for slender sheet metal parts (618.5 mm long and t = 1 mm thick), where distortion can reach 10 mm. Correcting this distortion is extremely difficult, severely impacting assembly quality. Therefore, a process method that meets performance requirements while ensuring surface accuracy is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to propose a preparation method for sheet metal guide rail groove parts, which is suitable for the surface and hardness control method of 0Cr17Ni7Al stainless steel slender sheet metal guide rail groove parts. By optimizing the forming and heat treatment processes, the part hardness HRA ≥ 70.5 is ensured, while deformation is significantly reduced to meet assembly requirements.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for preparing a sheet metal guide rail groove part, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Perform the first stamping of 0Cr17Ni7Al stainless steel sheet;

[0007] S2. Solution treatment is performed on the parts after the first stamping;

[0008] S3. Correct the surface of the parts after solution treatment;

[0009] S4, performing a second stamping process on the corrected parts;

[0010] S5. Perform austenite adjustment treatment and cooling treatment on the parts after the second stamping process;

[0011] S6. Place the parts into the profiling mold for aging treatment and complete the surface correction simultaneously.

[0012] Preferably, in step S2, the process parameters of the solution treatment are: keeping the temperature at 1050±10° C. for 6 to 15 minutes, and then air cooling to room temperature.

[0013] Preferably, in step S5, the process parameters of the austenite adjustment treatment are: keeping the temperature at 955±10° C. for 8 to 20 minutes, and then taking the product out of the furnace and rapidly cooling it with air.

[0014] Preferably, in step S5, the temperature of the ice-cooling treatment is -73±6°C.

[0015] Preferably, the profiling mold includes a base, a core block and a cover plate; a groove for accommodating parts is provided on the base; the core block is used to be inserted into the part; and the cover plate is used to buckle onto the groove of the base and press the part.

[0016] Preferably, the method further comprises performing surface polishing on the part after the aging treatment to make the surface roughness Ra≤0.8.

[0017] Preferably, when performing the surface polishing treatment, 300# to 600# metallographic sandpaper is used for polishing.

[0018] Preferably, the sheet metal guide rail groove type parts include a base plate, side panels are integrally formed on both sides of the base plate, and the top ends of the two side panels are integrally formed with bending portions; when the first stamping is performed in step S1, the upper surface of the base plate is formed, and at the same time, the two sides of the base plate are vertically bent to form the side panels; when the second stamping is performed in step S4, the bending portions at the top ends of the two side panels are formed.

[0019] Preferably, the method is applicable to slender 0Cr17Ni7Al stainless steel sheet metal guide rail groove parts with a length of ≥500 mm and a thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm.

[0020] On the other hand, the present invention proposes a 0Cr17Ni7Al stainless steel sheet metal guide rail groove part prepared by the above method, wherein the hardness of the part HRA ≥ 70.5 and the free state straightness ≤ 1.10 mm.

[0021] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] (1) The method provided by the present invention prevents the stabilization of austenite and transforms it into martensite as much as possible. The martensite structure is basically maintained before aging, and the hardness value of the part is improved. The martensite in the structure is uniform, the hardness of the part is uniform, and there are no soft spots. The part obtains the comprehensive mechanical properties of high strength and good toughness. At the same time, without affecting the transformation of the material structure, the deformation of the part can be corrected by the correction mold during aging. Through two forming and two heat treatments, the accumulation of deformation is significantly reduced, and the straightness of the part is ≤0.10mm.

[0023] (2) In the present invention, after the first forming, the material is subjected to a heat treatment at a temperature higher than Ac3 of 0Cr17Ni7Al stainless steel for a period of time for solution treatment to achieve complete austenitization, and then rapidly cooled to significantly reduce the forming stress and soften the material to the maximum extent. Correction is arranged before the second forming, and after the second forming, austenite adjustment treatment + ice cooling treatment and final strengthening heat treatment are performed to ensure both the part surface and hardness.

[0024] (3) The present invention effectively controls the profile and hardness of 0Cr17Ni7Al stainless steel sheet metal parts by optimizing the heat treatment process and the forming process, ensuring that the quality and performance of the parts meet the requirements. The hot process and cold process technology are interspersed, and the hot process is combined with the shaping method, which simplifies the process steps, improves production efficiency, and reduces production costs. Through austenite adjustment treatment and ice-cold treatment, it is ensured that the martensite structure is fully transformed, effectively improving the hardness and strength of the parts, while reducing the residual austenite and improving the performance stability of the parts. The method of simultaneous aging and shaping treatment is adopted, which ensures that the Ni-Al strengthening phase is precipitated on the martensite through aging treatment and the material is strengthened; and the surface accuracy of the parts is guaranteed through the mold.

[0025] (4) The technical solution of the present invention is applicable to the production of various 0Cr17Ni7Al stainless steel sheet metal guide rail groove parts and has wide promotion and application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sheet metal guide rail groove parts;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the part after the first stamping;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the part after the second stamping;

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the proofreading mold;

[0031] Figure 5 The metallographic structure of the retained austenite in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6This is the martensite group subjected to austenite adjustment treatment and ice-cold treatment in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. base; 2. core block; 3. cover plate; 100. bottom plate; 101. side plate; 102. bending part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] Taking the production of sheet metal guide rail parts made of 1mm thick 0Cr17Ni7Al stainless steel sheet as an example, the sheet metal guide rail parts include a base plate 100, with side plates 101 integrally formed on both sides of the base plate 100, and a bent portion 102 integrally formed at the top of the two side plates 101. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0038] 1. 0Cr17Ni7Al stainless steel plates are supplied in the state of solid solution heat treatment to ensure that the initial properties of the material meet the requirements of subsequent processing.

[0039] 2. Perform the first stamping process, and perform precise stamping operations according to the design requirements of the parts. During the first stamping process, the upper surface of the bottom plate 100 is formed, and at the same time, the two sides of the bottom plate 100 are vertically bent to form the side plates 101.

[0040] 3. Solution treatment: The parts after the first forming are subjected to solution treatment, with the temperature controlled at 1050±10℃ and the holding time being 6 to 15 minutes. The purpose of solution treatment is to eliminate the forming stress, soften the parts to the maximum extent, and obtain unstable austenite structure, providing good material properties for subsequent processing.

[0041] 4. Correction of heat treatment deformation: Correct the parts after solution treatment to reduce the deformation caused by the heat treatment process and ensure the surface accuracy of the parts.

[0042] 5. Perform a second stamping process: According to the design requirements of the part, the corrected part is subjected to a second stamping process to further optimize the surface accuracy of the part. During the second stamping process, the bent portions 102 at the tops of the two side panels 101 are formed.

[0043] 6. Austenite adjustment treatment: The parts after the second forming are subjected to austenite adjustment treatment, with the temperature controlled at 955±10℃ and the holding time being 8 to 20 minutes. The purpose of austenite adjustment treatment is to adjust the austenite structure, increase the degree of martensite transformation, reduce retained austenite, and thus improve the hardness and strength of the parts.

[0044] 7. Ice-cold treatment: The parts after austenite adjustment treatment are subjected to ice-cold treatment, and the temperature is controlled at -73±6℃. The purpose of ice-cold treatment is to further reduce the retained austenite and transform more austenite into martensite, thereby improving the hardness and strength of the parts.

[0045] 8. Aging and Profiling: After the cold treatment, the parts are aged and calibrated using a profiling mold to ensure surface accuracy. The purpose of the aging treatment is to further enhance the performance of the parts through phase changes during the aging process, while the use of the profiling mold ensures surface accuracy. The profiling mold comprises a base 1, a core block 2, and a cover plate 3. The base 1 is provided with a groove for accommodating the parts; the core block 2 is inserted into the part; and the cover plate 3 is designed to snap onto the groove of the base 1 and compress the part.

[0046] 9. Polishing: Use metallographic sandpaper 300#~600# to polish the surface of the parts to remove the oxidation color on the surface of the parts until the metallic luster is exposed, and ensure that the surface roughness of the parts reaches Ra≤0.8.

[0047] 10. Inspection: After polishing, the parts are comprehensively inspected, including hardness testing and surface accuracy testing. The hardness test requires the hardness of the parts to reach HRA ≥ 70.5, and the surface accuracy test requires the straightness of the parts to reach ≤ 1.10mm.

[0048] Example 2:

[0049] Taking the production of sheet metal guide rail parts made of 1.5mm thick 0Cr17Ni7Al stainless steel sheet as an example, the sheet metal guide rail parts include a base plate 100, with side plates 101 integrally formed on both sides of the base plate 100, and a bent portion 102 integrally formed at the top of the two side plates 101. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0050] 1. 0Cr17Ni7Al stainless steel plates are supplied in the state of solid solution heat treatment to ensure that the initial properties of the material meet the requirements of subsequent processing.

[0051] 2. Perform the first stamping process, and perform precise stamping operations according to the design requirements of the parts. During the first stamping process, the upper surface of the bottom plate 100 is formed, and at the same time, the two sides of the bottom plate 100 are vertically bent to form the side plates 101.

[0052] 3. Solution treatment: The parts after the first forming are subjected to solution treatment, with the temperature controlled at 1050±10℃ and the holding time being 6 to 15 minutes. The purpose of solution treatment is to eliminate the forming stress, soften the parts to the maximum extent, and obtain unstable austenite structure, providing good material properties for subsequent processing.

[0053] 4. Correction of heat treatment deformation: Correct the parts after solution treatment to reduce the deformation caused by the heat treatment process and ensure the surface accuracy of the parts.

[0054] 5. Perform a second stamping process: According to the design requirements of the part, the corrected part is subjected to a second stamping process to further optimize the surface accuracy of the part. During the second stamping process, the bent portions 102 at the tops of the two side panels 101 are formed.

[0055] 6. Austenite adjustment treatment: The parts after the second forming are subjected to austenite adjustment treatment, with the temperature controlled at 955±10℃ and the holding time being 8 to 20 minutes. The purpose of austenite adjustment treatment is to adjust the austenite structure, increase the degree of martensite transformation, reduce retained austenite, and thus improve the hardness and strength of the parts.

[0056] 7. Ice-cold treatment: The parts after austenite adjustment treatment are subjected to ice-cold treatment, and the temperature is controlled at -73±6℃. The purpose of ice-cold treatment is to further reduce the retained austenite and transform more austenite into martensite, thereby improving the hardness and strength of the parts.

[0057] 8. Aging and Profiling: After the cold treatment, the parts are aged and calibrated using a profiling mold to ensure surface accuracy. The purpose of the aging treatment is to further enhance the performance of the parts through phase changes during the aging process, while the use of the profiling mold ensures surface accuracy. The profiling mold comprises a base 1, a core block 2, and a cover plate 3. The base 1 is provided with a groove for accommodating the parts; the core block 2 is inserted into the part; and the cover plate 3 is designed to snap onto the groove of the base 1 and compress the part.

[0058] 9. Polishing: Use metallographic sandpaper 300#~600# to polish the surface of the parts to remove the oxidation color on the surface of the parts until the metallic luster is exposed, and ensure that the surface roughness of the parts reaches Ra≤0.8.

[0059] 10. Inspection: After polishing, the parts are comprehensively inspected, including hardness testing and surface accuracy testing. The hardness test requires the hardness of the parts to reach HRA ≥ 70.5, and the surface accuracy test requires the straightness of the parts to reach ≤ 1.10mm.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing sheet metal guide rail groove parts, characterized in that the steps include: S1. Perform the first stamping of 0Cr17Ni7Al stainless steel sheet; S2. Solution treatment is performed on the parts after the first stamping; S3. Correct the surface of the parts after solution treatment; S4, performing a second stamping process on the corrected parts; S5. Perform austenite adjustment treatment and cooling treatment on the parts after the second stamping process; S6. Place the parts into the profiling mold for aging treatment and complete the surface correction simultaneously.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein In step S2, the process parameters of the solution treatment are: keeping the temperature at 1050±10° C. for 6 to 15 minutes, and then air cooling to room temperature.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein In step S5, the process parameters of the austenite adjustment treatment are: keeping the temperature at 955±10° C. for 8 to 20 minutes, and then taking the product out of the furnace and rapidly cooling it with air.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein In step S5, the temperature of the ice-cooling treatment is -73±6°C.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The shaping mold comprises a base (1), a core block (2) and a cover plate (3); A groove for accommodating parts is provided on the base (1); The core block (2) is used for being inserted into a component; The cover plate (3) is used for buckling onto the groove of the base (1) and pressing the parts.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further comprises performing surface polishing on the part after the aging treatment to make the surface roughness Ra≤0.

8.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein When performing surface polishing, use 300#~600# metallographic sandpaper for polishing.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein The sheet metal guide rail groove part comprises a bottom plate (100), side plates (101) are integrally formed on both sides of the bottom plate (100), and bending portions (102) are integrally formed at the top ends of the two side plates (101); During the first stamping process in step S1, the upper surface of the bottom plate (100) is formed, and at the same time, both sides of the bottom plate (100) are vertically bent to form the side plates (101); During the second stamping process in step S4, the bent portions (102) at the tops of the two side panels (101) are formed.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method is applicable to slender 0Cr17Ni7Al stainless steel sheet metal guide rail groove parts with a length of ≥500 mm and a thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm.

10. A 0Cr17Ni7Al stainless steel sheet metal guide rail groove part prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The hardness of the part HRA ≥ 70.5, and the straightness in the free state ≤ 1.10 mm.

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