A biological soil crust spray seeding device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of biological soil crust spray seeding devices, belongs to the technical field of soil crust.The device integrates crust collection, crushing, mixing and spray seeding function by moving frame, solves the problem of high cost and low equipment utilization caused by the stage operation of multiple equipment in the prior art.The main body of the device is composed of a moving frame, a shovel plate, a crushing box and a mixing cylinder.The rotating shovel plate is arranged on the top of the moving frame to collect the surface crust, and the crust is collected by the cooperation of the guide plate and the groove.The crushing box is connected to the mixing cylinder by a communication pipe, the double crushing rollers are arranged in the crushing box, and the stirring shaft is arranged in the mixing cylinder.The collection structure uses a combination of conveyor belt and storage box to convey the crust, and the mixing structure uses synchronous wheel transmission to link the crushing rollers and the stirring shaft.The spray pipe assembly generates negative pressure to adsorb the mixed crust by using a compression air pump.The device integrates multiple process functions by using a single moving frame, significantly reduces equipment cost, improves work efficiency, and is suitable for crust spray seeding operation in desert management field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil crust technology, and more particularly to a biological soil crust spraying device. Background Technology

[0002] Soil crusts, a product of the unique environment of arid and desert regions, are organic complexes formed by bryophytes, bacteria, fungi, cyanobacteria, lichens, and soil. During their development, they actively participate in soil formation, improving soil physicochemical properties, increasing soil nutrient and moisture content, and significantly enhancing erosion resistance. Soil crusts are widely used in desertification control and degraded habitat restoration to achieve the goals of sand fixation, erosion prevention, and soil health restoration.

[0003] In existing technologies, when using soil crusts for desertification control, the crusts need to be collected and crushed, then mixed with microbial agents, soil conditioners, water-retaining agents, and seeds, and finally sprayed onto the sandy land. However, this process still has the following shortcomings:

[0004] 1. The collection, crushing and mixing processes need to be completed in stages using different equipment, which not only increases the complexity of the operation process, but also requires two additional sets of equipment, further increasing the cost of desertification control;

[0005] 2. The independent operation of the two drive systems leads to insufficient equipment utilization, which not only wastes resources but also increases the risk of equipment idleness.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a biological soil crust spraying device. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing methods that require two driving devices and separate operations for collection, crushing, and mixing, and to propose a biological soil crust spraying device.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A biological soil crust spraying device for collecting, mixing and spraying soil crusts includes a mobile frame with a shovel plate rotatably connected to its top via a rotating shaft for shoveling up the surface crusts.

[0010] A mixing cylinder is fixed to the top of the movable frame, and its bottom is connected to at least two discharge hoses.

[0011] The crushing box is fixed to the top of the movable frame by support legs and is located on top of the mixing cylinder, and the two are connected by a connecting pipe;

[0012] The collection structure includes a groove, a through groove, a guide plate, and a conveyor belt. The groove is located on the top of the movable frame and is connected to the shovel plate through the through groove. The guide plate is inclined and fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the through groove. The conveyor belt is driven to connect the first conveyor roller and the second conveyor roller, and is used to transport the crust in the groove to the crushing box.

[0013] The mixing structure includes two meshing gears, a crushing roller, and a stirring shaft. The crushing roller is rotatably disposed inside the crushing box and is linked by the gears. The stirring shaft is rotatably disposed inside the mixing cylinder.

[0014] The control structure includes a sliding groove, a drive plate, and a fixing rod. The drive plate is slidably disposed in the sliding groove and connected to two drive wheels through the fixing rod.

[0015] When the moving frame moves, the drive plate magnetically switches the coupling state between the drive wheel and the synchronous wheel, causing the conveyor belt and the crushing roller to run alternately.

[0016] In one possible design, multiple placement boxes are fixed to the outer wall of the conveyor belt, the placement boxes having a volume of 50-100 cm³, to improve the conveying efficiency of the crust.

[0017] In one possible design, the acquisition structure further includes a first synchronous pulley, a second synchronous pulley, and a synchronous belt. The first synchronous pulley rotates on a second drive shaft, the second synchronous pulley is fixed to one end of the second conveying roller, and the synchronous belt drives the connection between the first synchronous pulley and the second synchronous pulley.

[0018] A first magnet and a second magnet are provided between the drive wheel and the first synchronous wheel. When the drive wheel approaches the first synchronous wheel, it drives the first synchronous wheel to rotate.

[0019] In one possible design, the mixing structure further includes a third synchronous wheel, a fourth synchronous wheel, and a double-groove synchronous wheel. The third synchronous wheel rotates on the second drive shaft, the fourth synchronous wheel is fixed to one end of the crushing roller, and the double-groove synchronous wheel is fixed to one end of the stirring shaft and connected to the third and fourth synchronous wheels respectively by a synchronous belt. A third magnet is fixed to the side of the third synchronous wheel near the adjacent drive wheel.

[0020] In one possible design, the control structure further includes:

[0021] The electromagnet and the fourth magnet are fixed to the first vertical plate and the drive plate, respectively. The magnetic repulsion between them drives the drive plate to move toward the third synchronous wheel.

[0022] The trapezoidal load-bearing block is slidably mounted on the second vertical plate. When its inclined surface contacts the drive plate, it pushes the drive plate to move toward the first synchronous wheel.

[0023] In one possible design, the magnetic repulsion between the electromagnet and the fourth magnet is 15-20N, the weight of the trapezoidal load-bearing block is 2-3kg, and the inclination angle of its inclined plane is 30°-45°.

[0024] In one possible design, a nozzle and a compressed air pump are also included. The nozzle is rotatably connected to the top of the movable frame and connected to the mixing cylinder through a discharge hose. The compressed air pump injects air into the nozzle through an air guide pipe to create negative pressure that draws in the crust.

[0025] In one possible design, the outer wall of the nozzle is provided with an air injection ring and multiple oblique holes, the angle between the axis of the oblique holes and the axis of the nozzle is 15°-30°, which is used to generate Venturi effect to adsorb and form a crust.

[0026] In one possible design, two inclined plates are fixed to the inner wall of the crushing box, the inclined plates forming an angle of 40°-50° with the horizontal plane, which are used to guide the crust to the crushing roller engagement area.

[0027] Beneficial effects:

[0028] In this invention, the two ends of the fixed rod are slidably connected to the sides of the two drive wheels that are close to each other. An electromagnet and a fourth magnet are fixed to the sides of the first vertical plate and the drive plate that are close to each other, respectively. A trapezoidal load-bearing block is slidably connected to the side of the second vertical plate that is close to the first vertical plate. The trapezoidal load-bearing block moves down and cooperates with the drive plate to drive the fixed rod and the drive wheel to move towards the first synchronous wheel. Thus, when the second drive shaft rotates, it can drive the second conveying roller to rotate to perform the skin collection operation. Conversely, when the electromagnet is energized, the repulsive force between it and the fourth magnet drives the drive plate and the drive wheel to move towards the third synchronous wheel. Thus, it can release the rotation of the second conveying roller and drive the crushing roller and the stirring shaft to rotate to perform crushing and mixing operations.

[0029] In this invention, a first synchronous wheel is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second drive shaft, and two drive wheels are slidably connected to the outer wall of the second drive shaft. Multiple first magnets are fixed on the sides of the two drive wheels that are far apart from each other, and multiple second magnets are fixed on one side of the first synchronous wheel. The first synchronous wheel is close to the adjacent drive wheel, and the first synchronous wheel and the second magnet on the drive wheel cooperate to generate magnetic force. When the moving frame moves, the second drive shaft drives the first synchronous wheel to rotate through the drive wheel, the first magnet and the second magnet in the first synchronous wheel, and the first synchronous wheel drives the second conveyor roller and the second synchronous wheel to rotate through the synchronous belt. The conveyor belt transports the crust stored on the groove upward through the rotation of the placement box and discharges it into the crushing box, thus completing the crust collection operation.

[0030] In this invention, one end of one of the crushing rollers is fixed with a fourth synchronous wheel, one end of the stirring shaft rotates through to one side of the mixing drum and is fixed with a double-groove synchronous wheel, and the outer wall of the second drive shaft is rotated with a third synchronous wheel. The double-groove synchronous wheel, the fourth synchronous wheel, and the third synchronous wheel are all connected by synchronous belt transmission. The third synchronous wheel and the adjacent drive wheel are connected by a third magnet and a first magnet. The second drive shaft drives the third synchronous wheel to rotate through the first magnet. The third synchronous wheel drives the double-groove synchronous wheel and the fourth synchronous wheel to rotate through the synchronous belt. This drives the two crushing rollers to rotate to crush the crust. The crushed crust enters the mixing drum through the connecting pipe and is mixed with water and fertilizer under the action of the stirring shaft.

[0031] In this invention, the collection and mixing of moisture and fertilizer can be carried out during the movement of the mobile frame, and the collection and mixing are carried out alternately on the mobile frame, thereby greatly saving the manufacturing cost of the equipment. Moreover, the collection and mixing of the crust can be completed while the mobile frame is moving forward, reducing the difficulty of crust spraying and improving the efficiency of crust spraying. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a first-view three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a two-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention from a second perspective.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a partial three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the moving frame and guide plate of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the moving frame, crushing box, and mixing cylinder of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the third magnet, the second drive shaft, and the second conveying roller of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the first synchronous wheel, drive wheel, and third synchronous wheel of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the third synchronous wheel, the double-groove synchronous wheel, and the fourth synchronous wheel of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the first vertical plate, the second vertical plate, and the trapezoidal load-bearing block of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the crushing box, connecting pipe, discharge hose and mixing cylinder of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the nozzle and air injection ring of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0043] In the diagram: 1. Moving frame; 2. Shovel; 3. Groove; 4. Through groove; 5. Guide plate; 6. Crushing box; 7. First conveyor roller; 8. Second conveyor roller; 9. Conveyor belt; 10. Placement box; 11. Inclined plate; 12. Crushing roller; 13. Mixing cylinder; 14. Stirring shaft; 15. First drive shaft; 16. Second drive shaft; 17. Anti-slip wheel; 18. Drive wheel; 19. First magnet; 20. First synchronous pulley; 21. Second magnet; 22. Second... 23. Synchronous pulley; 24. Third synchronous pulley; 25. Third magnet; 26. Double-groove synchronous pulley; 27. Fourth synchronous pulley; 28. Gear; 29. ​​Sliding groove; 20. Drive plate; 31. Fixed rod; 32. First vertical plate; 33. Electromagnet; 34. Fourth magnet; 35. Second vertical plate; 36. Trapezoidal load-bearing block; 37. Connecting pipe; 38. Discharge hose; 39. Nozzle; 40. Compressed air pump; 41. Air guide pipe; 42. Air injection ring; 43. Angled hole. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention relates to the field of soil crust technology, specifically a hydroseeding device. The main structure of the device is a mobile frame 1, made of robust and durable metal to ensure stability during movement and operation. A shovel plate 2 is rotatably connected to the top of the mobile frame 1 via a pivot. The pivot is installed at a suitable position on the top of the mobile frame 1, ensuring that the shovel plate 2 can rotate flexibly around the pivot. The front end of the shovel plate 2 is shaped like a sharp blade, facilitating insertion into the soil to scoop up and collect the crust.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 10 A mixing cylinder 13 is fixedly installed on the top of the mobile frame 1. The mixing cylinder 13 is a cylindrical metal cylinder with an open top for receiving the crushed crust and other mixed materials. A crushing box 6 is fixed to the top of the mobile frame 1 by four support legs. The support legs are evenly distributed around the bottom of the crushing box 6 to ensure that the crushing box 6 is installed stably. The crushing box 6 is located directly above the mixing cylinder 13, and the crushing box 6 and the mixing cylinder 13 are fixedly connected by multiple connecting pipes 36. The connecting pipes 36 are made of metal, and their two ends are welded and sealed to the crushing box 6 and the mixing cylinder 13 respectively, ensuring that the crushed crust can be smoothly discharged from the crushing box 6 into the mixing cylinder 13.

[0048] Reference Figures 2-4 The collection structure includes a groove 3 and a guide plate 5. The top of the moving frame 1 has a groove 3, which is elongated and its depth and width are designed according to actual needs to accommodate a certain amount of crust. The moving frame 1 has a through groove 4 that communicates with the groove 3. The through groove 4 is an inclined channel, and the bottom inner wall of the through groove 4 is fixed with a guide plate 5. The guide plate 5 is made of smooth metal plate and its inclination angle is the same as that of the through groove 4. The shovel plate 2 cooperates with the guide plate 5. When the crust on the shovel plate 2 is tilted, the crust can slide smoothly into the groove 3 along the guide plate 5.

[0049] Crust collection stage: The shovel plate 2 is driven to rotate by an external motor, inserting one end of the shovel plate 2 into the ground a certain distance. As the moving frame 1 moves forward, the shovel plate 2 shovels the crust on the soil to its surface. When the crust on the shovel plate 2 reaches a certain amount, the motor drives the shovel plate 2 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the crust on the shovel plate 2 to be poured into the groove 3 through the through groove 4 and the guide plate 5.

[0050] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 A second conveyor roller 8 is rotatably connected within the groove 3. Both ends of the second conveyor roller 8 are mounted on bearing seats on the inner walls of the groove 3 via bearings, ensuring free rotation. A first conveyor roller 7 is rotatably connected to the top of the crushing box 6 via a base. The base is fixed at a suitable position on the top of the crushing box 6, providing stable support for the first conveyor roller 7. A conveyor belt 9 is driven and sleeved on the outer walls of the first conveyor roller 7 and the second conveyor roller 8. The conveyor belt 9 is made of wear-resistant rubber with anti-slip textures to prevent the crust from slipping during transport. Multiple placement boxes 10 are evenly distributed on the conveyor belt 9. Each placement box 10 is a semi-circular metal box, evenly fixed to the conveyor belt 9 by welding or other fixing methods, used to transport the crust from the groove 3 upwards.

[0051] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7The mobile frame 1 houses the drive unit of the data acquisition structure, including a first drive shaft 15 and a second drive shaft 16 rotatably connected to the bottom of the mobile frame 1 via a base. The base is fixed at a suitable position at the bottom of the mobile frame 1, providing support for the first drive shaft 15 and the second drive shaft 16. Anti-slip wheels 17 are fixed to both ends of the first drive shaft 15 and the second drive shaft 16, respectively. The anti-slip wheels 17 are made of rubber with anti-slip textures on their surface to increase friction with the ground and ensure the stability of the mobile frame 1 during movement. A first synchronous pulley 20 rotates on the outer wall of the second drive shaft 16 via a rotating bearing. The first synchronous pulley 20 is coaxially mounted with the second drive shaft 16 to ensure synchronous rotation. One end of the second conveying roller 8 rotatably passes through the mobile frame 1 and is fixed with a second synchronous pulley 22, which is coaxially mounted with the second conveying roller 8. The first synchronous pulley 20 and the second synchronous pulley 22 are connected by a synchronous belt drive. The synchronous belt is made of high-strength rubber with toothed grooves on its surface, meshing with the teeth on the first synchronous pulley 20 and the second synchronous pulley 22 to ensure the accuracy and stability of the transmission.

[0052] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 Two drive wheels 18 are slidably connected to the outer wall of the second drive shaft 16 via a sliding groove and a slider. The sliding groove is formed on the outer wall of the second drive shaft 16, and the slider is fixed to the inner wall of the drive wheel 18, allowing the drive wheel 18 to slide axially on the second drive shaft 16. Multiple first magnets 19 are fixed to the sides of the two drive wheels 18 that are far apart from each other. The first magnets 19 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the side of the drive wheel 18. Multiple second magnets 21 are fixed to the side of the first synchronous wheel 20 closest to the adjacent drive wheel 18. Preferably, the first synchronous wheel 20 has multiple mounting holes, and the second magnets 21 are fixedly installed in the mounting holes. The first magnets 19 are installed on the drive wheel 18 via extension rods, so the first magnets 19 and the extension rods extend into the mounting holes, making transmission more stable. The number and position of the second magnets 21 correspond to the first magnets 19. Magnetic attraction is generated between the second magnets 21 and the adjacent first magnets 19. When the second drive shaft 16 drives the drive wheel 18 to rotate, the first synchronous wheel 20 can be driven to rotate through the cooperation of the second magnets 21 and the first magnets 19.

[0053] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 6The mixing structure mainly includes a stirring shaft 14 rotating inside a mixing cylinder 13 and two grinding rollers 12 rotating inside a grinding chamber 6. The stirring shaft 14 is mounted on the top and bottom center positions of the mixing cylinder 13 via bearings. Multiple stirring blades are welded to the stirring shaft 14, arranged in a spiral pattern, which can thoroughly mix the crust and other materials inside the mixing cylinder 13 when the stirring shaft 14 rotates. The two grinding rollers 12 are mounted inside the grinding chamber 6 via bearings. The two grinding rollers 12 are parallel to each other with a certain gap. The outer wall of each grinding roller 12 has multiple grinding teeth made of high-strength metal, which can effectively grind the crust entering the grinding chamber 6. The two grinding rollers 12 are connected by a gear transmission mechanism. One grinding roller 12 is driven by an external motor, thereby driving the other grinding roller 12 to rotate synchronously, realizing the grinding operation of the crust.

[0054] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 Two meshing gears 27 are mounted on one side of the grinding chamber 6 via bearing seats. One end of each of the two grinding rollers 12 extends rotatably to one side of the grinding chamber 6 and is fixedly connected to the corresponding gear 27. The meshing of the two gears 27 allows the two grinding rollers 12 to rotate in opposite directions. A fourth synchronous pulley 26 is fixed to one end of one of the grinding rollers 12. The fourth synchronous pulley 26 is coaxially mounted with the grinding roller 12 to ensure synchronous rotation. A stirring shaft 14 is mounted inside the mixing cylinder 13 via bearing seats. One end of the stirring shaft 14 extends rotatably to one side of the mixing cylinder 13 and is fixed with a double-groove synchronous pulley 25. The double-groove synchronous pulley 25 is coaxially mounted with the stirring shaft 14 to ensure synchronous rotation.

[0055] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 A third synchronous pulley 23 is rotatably mounted on the side of the outer wall of the second drive shaft 16 away from the first synchronous pulley 20 via a bearing. The third synchronous pulley 23 is coaxially mounted with the second drive shaft 16. The double-groove synchronous pulley 25 is connected to the fourth synchronous pulley 26 and the third synchronous pulley 23 via a synchronous belt drive. The synchronous belt is made of high-strength rubber with toothed grooves on its surface, which mesh with the teeth on the double-groove synchronous pulley 25, the fourth synchronous pulley 26, and the third synchronous pulley 23 to ensure accurate and stable transmission. When the second drive shaft 16 rotates, the stirring shaft 14 and the crushing roller 12 are driven to rotate through the transmission of the third synchronous pulley 23, the double-groove synchronous pulley 25, and the fourth synchronous pulley 26, thus completing the crushing and mixing of the crust. A third magnet 24 is fixed on the side of the third synchronous pulley 23 near the adjacent drive wheel 18. Preferably, the third synchronous pulley 23 is also provided with multiple mounting holes, and the third magnet 24 is fixedly installed in the mounting holes. The first magnet 19 is mounted on the drive wheel 18 via an extension rod, so the first magnet 19 and the extension rod extend into the mounting holes, making the transmission more stable.

[0056] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 9The control structure includes a drive plate 29 that slides within the movable frame 1 and a fixing rod 30 that passes through the drive plate 29.

[0057] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 9 A sliding groove 28 is provided inside the movable frame 1, and the drive plate 29 is slidably installed in the sliding groove 28. The sliding groove 28 provides a sliding track for the drive plate 29. Furthermore, the drive plate 29 can be slidably installed in the sliding groove 28 via a slider guide rail, so the drive plate 29 can only move laterally. The two ends of the fixed rod 30 are slidably connected to the sides of the two drive wheels 18 that are close to each other. The drive plate 29 drives the two drive wheels 18 to move laterally through the fixed rod 30. The fixed rod 30 is a cylindrical metal rod, and its two ends are connected to the annular guide rail on the drive wheel 18 through arc-shaped sliders. The arc-shaped slider is fixedly installed to the fixed rod 30, and the annular guide rail is fixedly installed to the drive wheel 18. The arc-shaped slider is slidably connected to the annular guide rail to ensure the stability of the drive wheel 18 during movement. Therefore, during the rotation of the drive wheel 18, the drive wheel 18 drives the annular guide rail and the arc-shaped slider to slide. When the fixed rod 30 moves laterally, the drive wheel 18 is driven to move laterally through the annular guide rail and the arc-shaped slider.

[0058] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 9 The top of the movable frame 1 is welded and fixed with a first vertical plate 31 and a second vertical plate 34, which are located on both sides of the sliding groove 28. An electromagnet 32 ​​and a fourth magnet 33 are bolted to the side of the first vertical plate 31 closest to the drive plate 29. When the electromagnet 32 ​​is energized, a repulsive force is generated between it and the fourth magnet 33, pushing the drive plate 29 and the drive wheel 18 towards the third synchronous wheel 23. A trapezoidal load-bearing block 35 is slidably connected to the side of the second vertical plate 34 closest to the first vertical plate 31. The trapezoidal load-bearing block 35 is connected to the second vertical plate 34 via a slide rail and can slide up and down. An inclined surface is provided on the side of the drive plate 29 closest to the trapezoidal load-bearing block 35. The inclined surface between the trapezoidal load-bearing block 35 and the drive plate 29 engages, allowing the drive plate 29 and the drive wheel 18 to move towards the first synchronous wheel 20 when the trapezoidal load-bearing block 35 moves downwards.

[0059] Crust collection stage: The shovel plate 2 is driven to rotate by an external motor, inserting one end of the shovel plate 2 into the ground a certain distance. As the moving frame 1 moves forward, the shovel plate 2 shovels the crust on the soil to its surface. When the crust on the shovel plate 2 reaches a certain amount, the motor drives the shovel plate 2 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the crust on the shovel plate 2 to be poured into the groove 3 through the through groove 4 and the guide plate 5.

[0060] In the crust conveying stage: During the movement of the moving frame 1, the first synchronous wheel 20 approaches the adjacent drive wheel 18, and the first synchronous wheel 20, in conjunction with the second magnet 21 and the first magnet 19 on the drive wheel 18, generates magnetic force. As the second drive shaft 16 continuously rotates during the movement, the first synchronous wheel 20 is driven to rotate through the magnetic force of the drive wheel 18, the first magnet 19, and the second magnet 21 within the first synchronous wheel 20. The first synchronous wheel 20 drives the second synchronous wheel 22 and the second conveying roller 8 to rotate via a synchronous belt, thereby driving the conveyor belt 9. The placement box 10 on the conveyor belt 9 conveys the crust stored in the groove 3 upwards and discharges it into the crushing box 6.

[0061] Skin crushing stage: The skin entering the crushing box 6 is squeezed and crushed between two crushing rollers 12. The crushing teeth on the crushing rollers 12 break the skin into smaller particles to meet the requirements of subsequent mixing and spraying.

[0062] Crust Mixing Stage: The pulverized crust enters the mixing cylinder 13 through the connecting pipe 36. Simultaneously, appropriate materials, such as water and fertilizer, are added to the mixing cylinder 13 to increase soil nutrient and moisture content and significantly improve erosion resistance. An external motor drives the stirring shaft 14 to rotate. The stirring blades on the stirring shaft 14 thoroughly mix the crust and materials in the mixing cylinder 13, ensuring uniform mixing of the crust with other materials, thereby improving the crust's activity and spraying effect.

[0063] Reference Figure 9 and Figure 7 The repulsive force between electromagnet 32 ​​and fourth magnet 33 is greater than the combined force exerted by the trapezoidal support block 35 on drive plate 29 under its gravity and the magnetic attraction force of second magnet 21 on adjacent first magnet 19. Simultaneously, the force exerted by trapezoidal support block 35 on drive plate 29 under its gravity is greater than the magnetic attraction force between drive wheel 18 and adjacent third magnet 24.

[0064] Specifically, when the electromagnet 32 ​​is de-energized, the force exerted by the trapezoidal support block 35 on the drive plate 29 under its own weight is greater than the magnetic attraction between the drive wheel 18 and the adjacent third magnet 24. Therefore, the trapezoidal support block 35, under its own weight, will generate a pushing force on the drive plate 29 towards the first synchronous wheel 20, causing the drive plate 29 to move towards the first synchronous wheel 20. As the drive plate 29 moves, the first magnet 19 and the adjacent second magnet 21 gradually approach and cooperate, thereby generating a corresponding magnetic force that drives the components related to the second magnet 21 to perform corresponding movements or actions, such as driving other synchronous wheels to rotate, to achieve certain functions of the device, such as material conveying.

[0065] When electromagnet 32 ​​is energized, it generates a magnetic field, which repels the fourth magnet 33. Since the repulsive force between electromagnet 32 ​​and the fourth magnet 33 is greater than the combined force of the trapezoidal support block 35's gravity pushing the drive plate 29 and the magnetic attraction of the second magnet 21 to the adjacent first magnet 19, this repulsive force drives the drive plate 29 to overcome the gravity of the trapezoidal support block 35 and the magnetic attraction between the first magnet 19 and the second magnet 21, causing the drive plate 29 to move towards the third synchronous wheel 23. This movement of the drive plate 29 changes the relative position of the first magnet 19 and the second magnet 21, thus altering the magnetic force. It may also generate a new magnetic force between the drive wheel 18 and the third magnet 24, thereby driving the device to perform other actions or functions, such as changing the material conveying direction or speed. Through this control of the energization and de-energization of electromagnet 32, the reciprocating motion of the drive plate 29 and the switching between different functions of the device are realized, improving the automation and flexibility of the device.

[0066] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 In the biological soil crust spraying device, the pulverizing box 6 is fixedly installed in a corresponding position within the device. Inclined plates 11 are fixed to the inner walls of the two opposite sides of the pulverizing box 6 by welding or other fixing methods. Both inclined plates 11 are located above the pulverizing roller 12. The inclination angle of the inclined plates 11 is designed according to actual needs, allowing the crust entering the pulverizing box 6 from above to slide along the inclined plates 11 towards the center. After the crust enters the pulverizing box 6, it slides down the inclined plates 11 under its own gravity, gradually converging towards the center of the pulverizing box 6. This facilitates the effective pulverization operation of the pulverizing roller 12, improving pulverization efficiency and ensuring that the crust is fully pulverized to meet the requirements of subsequent spraying.

[0067] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 10 At the top of the mobile frame 1, two nozzles 38 are rotatably connected via bearings and other rotating connecting components. Each nozzle 38 can rotate within a certain angle range around its axis of rotation to adjust the spraying direction. At least two discharge hoses 37 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the mixing cylinder 13. These discharge hoses 37 are made of a material with a certain degree of flexibility and pressure resistance, such as rubber hoses. The ends of the at least two discharge hoses 37, which are far apart from each other, are respectively connected to the two nozzles 38, allowing the mixed crust in the mixing cylinder 13 to be smoothly transported to the nozzles 38 through the discharge hoses 37. Two compressed air pumps 39 are fixedly mounted on the top of the mobile frame 1 via a frame. The frame supports and fixes the compressed air pumps 39, ensuring their stability during operation. Each compressed air pump 39 has a fixedly connected air guide pipe 40 at its outlet end. The air guide pipe 40 is also made of pressure-resistant material to ensure it can withstand the pressure of compressed air. One end of each air guide pipe 40 is connected to the corresponding nozzle 38.

[0068] Through the above specific implementation methods, the biological soil crust spraying device can efficiently complete the crushing, conveying and spraying of biological soil crusts. Furthermore, through the control of components such as electromagnets, it can flexibly switch between different functions of the device, meeting various needs in actual spraying operations, and has high feasibility and operability.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] refer to Figure 11 An improvement upon Example 1 is made as follows: an air injection ring 41 is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the nozzle 38. The air injection ring 41 is an annular structure with a hollow interior. One end of the air guide pipe 40 is fixedly connected to the air injection ring 41, allowing the compressed air generated by the compressed air pump 39 to smoothly enter the air injection ring 41 through the air guide pipe 40. The outer wall of the nozzle 38 is provided with multiple oblique holes 42, one end of which extends into the air injection ring 41, and the angle between the axis of the oblique hole 42 and the axis of the nozzle 38 is 15°-30°.

[0071] Specifically, during the hydroseeding process, the compressed air pump 39 is first started, compressing the air. The compressed air is then injected into the air injection ring 41 through the air guide pipe 40. The compressed air in the air injection ring 41 is then discharged into the nozzle 38 through various inclined holes 42. Due to the special design of the inclined holes 42, a negative pressure is formed at one end of the nozzle 38 when the compressed air is ejected from the inclined holes 42. At this time, the crust mixed in the mixing cylinder 13 is drawn into the nozzle 38 through the discharge hose 37 under the action of the negative pressure. As the compressed air continues to be ejected from the inclined holes 42, the crust drawn into the nozzle 38 is ejected to the outside, thus completing the crust hydroseeding operation. By adjusting the output pressure of the compressed air pump 39 and the rotation angle of the nozzle 38, the distance and direction of hydroseeding can be flexibly controlled to meet the hydroseeding needs of different sites.

[0072] A method for using a biological soil crust spraying device includes the following steps:

[0073] S1. Connect the mobile frame 1 to the traction device and drive the mobile frame 1 forward. When it is necessary to collect the crust, drive the shovel 2 to rotate through the motor and insert one end of the shovel 2 into the ground a certain distance. Keep the mobile frame 1 moving at a constant speed of 0.5-2.2m / min. When the mobile frame 1 moves forward, it can shovel the crust on the soil onto the shovel 2. When the crust on the shovel 2 reaches a certain amount, drive the shovel 2 to rotate through the through groove 4 and the guide plate 5 to pour the crust on the shovel 2 into the groove 3, so that the conveyor belt 9 and the placement box 10 can cooperate to discharge the crust into the crushing box 6 for crushing.

[0074] S2. When the moving frame 1 moves, the trapezoidal support block 35 moves downward under its own weight (the pushing force exerted by the weight of the trapezoidal support block 35 on the drive plate 29 is greater than the attraction between the first magnet 19 and the third magnet 24). The inclined surface of the trapezoidal support block 35 cooperates with the inclined surface of the drive plate 29 to drive the drive plate 29 to move laterally outward. The drive plate 29 drives the two drive wheels 18 to move laterally synchronously through the fixed rod 30, and brings the drive wheel 18 adjacent to the first synchronous wheel 20 closer to the first synchronous wheel 20. The first synchronous wheel 20 is matched with the second magnet 21 and the first magnet 19 on the drive wheel 18. The magnetic force is generated, so when the moving frame 1 moves, the second drive shaft 16 drives the first synchronous wheel 20 to rotate through the drive wheel 18, the first magnet 19 and the second magnet 21 in the first synchronous wheel 20. The first synchronous wheel 20 drives the second conveyor roller 8 and the second synchronous wheel 22 to rotate through the synchronous belt, which in turn drives the conveyor belt 9 to run. The conveyor belt 9 synchronously drives the multiple placement boxes 10 on it to rotate. The placement box 10 can convey the crust stored on the groove 3 upward and discharge it into the crushing box 6. Since the crushing roller 12 was previously in a stationary state, the crust is stored above the two crushing rollers 12.

[0075] S3. After the crust collection is completed, when it is necessary to spray the desert area for sand control operations, the motor drives the shovel plate 2 to rotate, making the shovel plate 2 vertical. Then, the electromagnet 32 ​​is energized. The magnetic force between the electromagnet 32 ​​and the fourth magnet 33 is greater than the weight of the trapezoidal support block 35 and the magnetic attraction between the first magnet 19 and the second magnet 21. The electromagnet 32 ​​pushes the drive plate 29 and the fixed rod 30 to move away from the first synchronous wheel 20. The third synchronous wheel 23 cooperates with the adjacent drive wheel 18 through the third magnet 24 and the first magnet 19, thereby activating the second drive... Shaft 16 drives the third synchronous wheel 23 to rotate via the first magnet 19. The third synchronous wheel 23 drives the double-groove synchronous wheel 25 to rotate via the synchronous belt. The double-groove synchronous wheel 25 drives the fourth synchronous wheel 26 to rotate via the synchronous belt. The fourth synchronous wheel 26 drives the two crushing rollers 12 to rotate in opposite directions via the meshing of two gears 27. This allows the crust stored in the crushing box 6 to be crushed. The crushed crust enters the mixing cylinder 13 through the connecting pipe 36. When the moving frame 1 is moved to the desert area, the crust can be crushed, making it easier to spray the crust onto the desert area later.

[0076] S4. In addition, microbial agents, soil conditioners, water-retaining agents and seeds are added to the mixing drum 13 beforehand. When the double-groove synchronous wheel 25 rotates, it drives the stirring shaft 14 to rotate, mixing the crust with these materials to facilitate subsequent spraying. In addition, water can be added to the mixing drum 13 to increase the moisture content of these materials and improve their anti-erosion performance.

[0077] S5. During spraying, start the compressed air pump 39. The compressed air pump 39 compresses the air and injects it into the air injection ring 41 through the air guide pipe 40. The compressed air is also injected into the spray pipe 38 through the inclined hole 42. Due to the function of the inclined hole 42, the compressed gas can be sprayed to the outside. At this time, the position of the spray pipe 38 away from the inclined hole 42 and close to the discharge hose 37 is in a negative pressure state, which can draw the mixed crust in the mixing cylinder 13 into the sliding groove 28 and spray it to the outside through the compressed gas sprayed out through the inclined hole 42, thereby completing the spraying of the crust.

[0078] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the compressed air pump 39 and the electromagnet 32 ​​are commonplace and are all conventional methods or common knowledge. They will not be described in detail here. Those skilled in the art can make any selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0079] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biological soil crust spray seeding device for the collection, mixing and spray seeding of soil crusts, characterized in that Includes a mobile frame (1), the top of which is rotatably connected to a shovel plate (2) for shoveling up the crust on the ground; The mixing cylinder (13) is fixed to the top of the movable frame (1) and has at least two discharge hoses (37) connected to its bottom. The crushing box (6) is fixed to the top of the movable frame (1) by a support leg and is located on the top of the mixing cylinder (13). The two are connected by a connecting pipe (36). The collection structure includes a groove (3), a through groove (4), a guide plate (5), and a conveyor belt (9). The groove (3) is located on the top of the moving frame (1) and is connected to the shovel plate (2) through the through groove (4). The guide plate (5) is inclined and fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the through groove (4). The conveyor belt (9) is connected to the first conveyor roller (7) and the second conveyor roller (8) for conveying the crust in the groove (3) to the crushing box (6). The acquisition structure also includes a first synchronous pulley (20), a second drive shaft (16), a drive wheel (18), a second synchronous pulley (22), and a synchronous belt. The first synchronous pulley (20) rotates on the second drive shaft (16), and the second synchronous pulley (22) is fixed to one end of the second conveying roller (8). The synchronous belt drives the first synchronous pulley (20) and the second synchronous pulley (22). A first magnet (19) and a second magnet (21) are provided between the drive wheel (18) and the first synchronous pulley (20). When the drive wheel (18) approaches the first synchronous pulley (20), it drives the first synchronous pulley (20) to rotate. The mixing structure includes two meshing gears (27), a crushing roller (12) and a stirring shaft (14). The crushing roller (12) is rotatably disposed in the crushing box (6) and is linked by the gears (27). The stirring shaft (14) is rotatably disposed in the mixing cylinder (13). The control structure includes a sliding groove (28), a drive plate (29), and a fixing rod (30). The drive plate (29) is slidably disposed in the sliding groove (28) and connected to two drive wheels (18) through the fixing rod (30). When the moving frame (1) moves, the drive plate (29) switches the coupling state of the drive wheel (18) and the synchronous wheel by magnetic force, so that the conveyor belt (9) and the crushing roller (12) run alternately.

2. A biological soil crust spray-and-seed device according to claim 1, characterized in that Multiple placement boxes (10) are fixed on the outer wall of the conveyor belt (9). The volume of the placement box (10) is 50-100 cm³, which is used to improve the conveying efficiency of the crust.

3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is a bio-soil crust spray seeding device. The mixing structure also includes a third synchronous wheel (23), a fourth synchronous wheel (26), and a double-groove synchronous wheel (25). The third synchronous wheel (23) rotates on the second drive shaft (16). The fourth synchronous wheel (26) is fixed to one end of the crushing roller (12). The double-groove synchronous wheel (25) is fixed to one end of the stirring shaft (14) and is connected to the third synchronous wheel (23) and the fourth synchronous wheel (26) respectively by a synchronous belt. A third magnet (24) is fixed on the side of the third synchronous wheel (23) near the adjacent drive wheel (18).

4. The biological soil crust spraying device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control structure further includes: an electromagnet (32) and a fourth magnet (33), which are fixed to the first vertical plate (31) and the drive plate (29) respectively. The magnetic repulsion between the two drives the drive plate (29) to move toward the third synchronous wheel (23); a trapezoidal load-bearing block (35) is slidably disposed on the second vertical plate (34). When its inclined surface contacts the drive plate (29), it pushes the drive plate (29) to move toward the first synchronous wheel (20).

5. The biological soil crust spraying device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The magnetic repulsion between the electromagnet (32) and the fourth magnet (33) is 15-20N, the weight of the trapezoidal load-bearing block (35) is 2-3kg, and its inclined plane angle is 30°-45°.

6. The biological soil crust spraying device according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a nozzle (38) and a compressed air pump (39). The nozzle (38) is rotatably connected to the top of the movable frame (1) and connected to the mixing cylinder (13) through the discharge hose (37). The compressed air pump (39) injects air into the nozzle (38) through the air guide pipe (40) to form a negative pressure to draw in the crust.

7. A biological soil crust spraying device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer wall of the nozzle (38) is provided with an air injection ring (41) and multiple oblique holes (42). The angle between the axis of the oblique holes (42) and the axis of the nozzle (38) is 15°-30°, which is used to generate Venturi effect adsorption crust.

8. A biological soil crust spraying device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The inner wall of the crushing box (6) is fixed with two inclined plates (11), the angle between the inclined plates (11) and the horizontal plane is 40°-50°, which are used to guide the crust to the biting area of ​​the crushing roller (12).

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