Disc coating sinking multi-material 3D printing device

Abstract

The application discloses a disc-coating sinking multi-material 3D printing device and belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a disc-coating sinking multi-material 3D printing device. The present application is to solve the technical problem of printing error caused by uneven material accumulation. It comprises a disc mechanism, a coating system, a light curing system, a scraper gravity recovery system, a motor, a control system, a shell and a storage barrel; the motor and the control system are arranged at the central axis position of the shell, the disc mechanism is arranged at the top of the shell and connected with the motor through screws; the coating system, the scraper gravity recovery system and the storage barrel are arranged in the shell around the central axis of the shell; the light curing system is arranged at the upper part of the shell. The present application sets multiple different coating areas and material supply systems, which facilitates the switching and combination of multiple materials; at the same time, it is not limited by the size of the traditional flat printing platform, and can realize 3D printing of larger size, meeting the manufacturing requirements of some large parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of 3D printing technology, specifically relating to a disc-coated sinking multi-material 3D printing device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid advancement of technology, 3D printing has been widely applied in numerous fields such as aerospace, medical, automotive manufacturing, and construction, thanks to its unique manufacturing advantages. In the aerospace field, it is used to manufacture lightweight parts with complex internal structures to reduce aircraft weight and improve performance; in the medical field, it can customize personalized medical devices and implants to meet patients' specific needs; in the automotive manufacturing industry, it can quickly produce component prototypes, accelerating the R&D process; and in the construction field, it can print building models and even small building components to assist in design and construction. As the application scenarios of 3D printing continue to expand, the performance requirements for printing equipment are becoming increasingly stringent. Existing 3D printing equipment has exposed a series of problems that urgently need to be solved when handling printing with multiple materials. In terms of material switching operations, some printing equipment designs are not optimized enough, and their mechanical structures and material supply systems do not coordinate well. This results in the need for manual disassembly and replacement of consumable containers and related connecting parts when switching between different materials. This process not only consumes a lot of time and reduces production efficiency, but also allows external dust and impurities to easily mix into the printing material during frequent operations. These impurities can interfere with the normal curing or deposition of the material during printing, causing defects and reduced strength in the printed product, seriously affecting the printing quality. Meanwhile, some printing devices have significant shortcomings in multi-material hybrid printing. They lack precise material mixing control mechanisms, making it difficult to achieve uniform mixing of multiple materials at the microscopic level. For complex structural components with functional gradient requirements—that is, different regions of the component need to possess different properties (such as hardness, strength, conductivity, etc.)—existing devices cannot accurately allocate and fuse multiple materials, resulting in printed components that fail to meet expected functional requirements. Furthermore, traditional planar 3D printing platforms are limited by their own structure, resulting in bottlenecks in printing size. For large parts, such as large blades for aero-engines and large molds for automobiles, traditional platforms cannot complete the printing in one go, requiring segmented printing followed by assembly. This method not only increases process complexity but also easily leads to gaps and inconsistent strength at the joints, making it difficult to meet the high-quality manufacturing requirements of large parts. Therefore, to meet the growing demand for multi-material printing, there is an urgent need to design a device capable of efficiently and accurately achieving multi-material printing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problem of printing errors caused by uneven material accumulation. It can also facilitate the switching and combination of multiple materials by setting up multiple different coating areas and material supply systems. At the same time, it is not limited by the size of traditional planar printing platforms, and can realize larger-scale 3D printing to meet the manufacturing needs of some large parts. A disc coating sinking multi-material 3D printing device is proposed.

[0004] The present invention relates to a disc-coated sinking multi-material 3D printing device, comprising a disc mechanism, a coating system, a photocuring system, a blade gravity recovery system, a motor, a control system, a housing, and a storage tank. The motor and control system are located at the central axis of the housing. The disc mechanism is located on the top of the housing and connected to the motor via screws. The motor provides power output to the disc mechanism via a rotating shaft. The coating system, blade gravity recovery system, and storage tank are arranged inside the housing around its central axis. The photocuring system is located in the upper part of the housing. The control system is electrically connected to the coating system, photocuring system, blade gravity recovery system, and motor.

[0005] Furthermore, the disc mechanism includes a circular transparent glass plate and glass plate clamps; the glass plate clamps are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the circular transparent glass plate.

[0006] Furthermore, the coating system includes a coating head, a coating lifting housing, a coating system support body, and a coating lifting shaft; the coating lifting shaft is located on the upper part of the coating system support body, the coating lifting housing is slidably located on the outside of the coating lifting shaft, the coating head is fixed at the upper end of the coating lifting housing, and the coating head is connected to the storage tank 7 through a transmission pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the number of coating systems is 2 to n, and they are evenly distributed under the circular transparent glass plate with the central axis of the outer shell as the center.

[0008] Furthermore, the coating head adopts a microneedle structure with a minimum coating diameter of 0.1 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the photocuring system includes a UV optical engine laser head, an optical engine telescopic arm, an optical engine lifting shaft, an optical engine support body, and an optical engine lifting shaft tension adjustment component; the optical engine lifting shaft is slidably mounted on the side of the optical engine support body, the optical engine telescopic arm is fixed on the optical engine lifting shaft, and the end of the optical engine telescopic arm extends and retracts horizontally relative to the optical engine support body; the UV optical engine laser head is fixed to the end of the optical engine telescopic arm via a universal joint; and the optical engine lifting shaft tension adjustment component is provided at the upper end of the optical engine support body.

[0010] Furthermore, the number of the photocuring systems is 1 to n, and the UV optical engine laser head emits ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 365nm.

[0011] Furthermore, the scraper gravity recovery system includes a scraper lifting shaft, a scraper lifting housing, a scraper system support body, a slurry recovery trough, a fixing screw plate, and a scraper; the scraper lifting shaft is located on the upper part of the scraper system support body, and the scraper lifting housing is slidably located on the outside of the scraper lifting shaft; the upper end of the scraper lifting housing is fixed to the slurry recovery trough, and the scraper is vertically fixed to the middle position of the slurry recovery trough by the fixing screw plate; the storage tank is connected to the slurry recovery trough through a recovery pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, a printing platform, made of aluminum alloy flat plate, is also provided inside the outer shell.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific operation process of the disc-coated sinking multi-material 3D printing device is as follows:

[0014] 1. Model Preprocessing: Import the 3D model file to be printed into the control system. The slicing software in the control system slices the model, cutting the 3D model into multiple layers of 2D cross-sectional data along the vertical direction. For each layer of cross-sectional data, according to the material requirements and structural characteristics of the model, it is divided into multiple printing areas, and the corresponding materials and printing parameters are specified for each printing area.

[0015] II. Coating and Curing Process: After the device is started, the disc mechanism begins to rotate at a uniform speed according to the set initial rotation speed. Based on the material information of the first layer of two-dimensional cross-sectional data obtained from slicing, the control system controls the corresponding coating head to work, connecting its internal material chamber with the slurry recovery tank. Under pressure, the material is evenly coated onto the corresponding position on the surface of the disc mechanism through the micro-needle array outlet of the coating head. During the coating process, the control system precisely controls the material flow rate and coating time of the coating head according to the preset coating thickness and the rotation speed of the disc mechanism to ensure the formation of a uniform material layer. After one layer of material is coated, the disc mechanism continues to rotate, spreading the coated material onto the disc mechanism. The area is brought into the photocuring zone; the coated material layer is irradiated according to the preset irradiation angle and intensity, so that the material can be quickly cured and formed. After each layer is cured, the printing platform descends, the disc mechanism rotates to the coating area, and the doctor blade gravity recovery system rises to recover the uncured liquid in the printing area; during the curing process, the control system adjusts the irradiation time and intensity of the photomechanical system in real time according to the optical properties of the material and the printing requirements to ensure that the material is fully cured; after the first layer is coated and cured, the control system switches the coating head according to the material information of the second layer cross-section data and repeats the above coating and curing steps, stacking the printing material layer by layer until the entire model is printed.

[0016] III. Support Structure Processing: During the printing process, for overhanging parts or complex structures in the model, the control system will automatically generate support structure data based on the model's geometry and stress conditions. The support structure will be sliced ​​together with other parts of the model and printed synchronously with other materials during the printing process.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] This invention uniformly coats printing material onto the surface of a rotating disk, constructing three-dimensional objects through layer-by-layer deposition. It employs a highly efficient material supply device capable of precisely controlling the supply quantity and position of different materials, ensuring uniform and stable material coating on the disk surface. This solves the technical problem of printing errors caused by uneven material deposition, and allows for convenient switching and combination of various materials by setting multiple different coating areas and material supply systems. Furthermore, it is not limited by the size of traditional planar printing platforms, enabling larger-scale 3D printing to meet the manufacturing needs of some large parts. It offers high printing accuracy, large printing size, and easy switching between multiple materials. Attached image description:

[0019] Figure 1 Overall diagram of a disc-coated multi-material 3D printing device;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a front view of the scraper gravity recovery system;

[0021] Figure 3 Side view of the scraper gravity recovery system;

[0022] Figure 4 Top view of the scraper gravity recovery system;

[0023] Figure 5 This is the main view of the coating system;

[0024] Figure 6 Side view of the coating system;

[0025] Figure 7 Top view of the coating system;

[0026] Figure 8 This is the main view of the photopolymerization system;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a side view of the photopolymerization system;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a top view of the photopolymerization system. Detailed implementation method:

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, but also includes any reasonable combination of the specific embodiments.

[0030] Specific Implementation Method 1: This embodiment of the disc-coated sinking multi-material 3D printing device includes a disc mechanism 1, a coating system 2, a photocuring system 3, a blade gravity recovery system 4, a motor 5, a control system, a housing 6, and a storage tank 7. The motor 5 and the control system are located at the central axis of the housing. The disc mechanism 1 is located on the top of the housing 6 and connected to the motor 5 by screws. The motor 5 provides power output to the disc mechanism 1 through a rotating shaft. The coating system 2, the blade gravity recovery system 4, and the storage tank 7 are arranged inside the housing 6 around the central axis of the housing 6. The photocuring system 3 is located on the upper part of the housing 6. The control system is electrically connected to the coating system 2, the photocuring system 3, the blade gravity recovery system 4, and the motor 5.

[0031] The control system uses a motor-driven feeding mechanism to extract the UV-curable paste from the storage tank and transport it to the coating head via a transmission pipeline. Under the precise control of the motor control system, the coating head evenly applies the paste to the designated printing area with a set thickness and shape, forming the first printing layer. During the coating process, the light transmittance of a circular transparent glass plate allows UV light to pass through and irradiate the paste. After coating, the central motor drives the glass plate and the outer shell to rotate, aligning the photomechanical engine with the printing area. The photomechanical laser head is then activated, emitting 365nm ultraviolet light to irradiate the first layer of paste according to the preset light intensity and irradiation time, triggering the photocuring reaction and causing the paste to quickly solidify. The photomechanical lifting shaft adjusts the irradiation height of the UV photomechanical engine according to printing requirements, ensuring that each layer of paste receives uniform and sufficient light irradiation. The telescopic arm of the optical engine can also be adjusted forward and backward as needed to adapt to the printing requirements of different positions. After one layer is printed, the central motor drives the disc to rotate again, so that the squeegee system is facing the printing area. The squeegee lifting system drives the squeegee to rise to the printing area. Under the control of the motor control system, the squeegee system scrapes the slurry in the printing area to ensure that the surface of the printed layer is flat and smooth. At the same time, the excess slurry after scraping is sent back to the storage tank through the recycling pipe to realize the recycling of slurry. After the squeegee completes the scraping and recycling operation, the squeegee lifting system lowers the squeegee to a certain height to prepare for the next layer printing. The above steps of coating, rotation, UV irradiation, squeegee operation and slurry recycling are repeated. During the rotation process, two coating heads can be used alternately to stack and print layer by layer until the entire multi-material 3D printing process is completed.

[0032] The disk's surface undergoes high-precision flatness processing to ensure uniform material coating. Driven by a motor, the disk allows for precise speed control, with its speed range adjustable to suit different printing materials and process requirements.

[0033] The number of coating heads is adjusted according to the amount of material and the size of the disc. Each coating head is connected to the material supply source via a pipe and can deliver different printing materials separately. The coating heads adopt a micro-needle structure, which can precisely control the material flow rate and coating area. Through the disc system, alternating printing of different materials can be achieved.

[0034] The optical engine can be DLP, LCD, or LED. It uses an ultraviolet (UV) light source as the curing light source, consisting of multiple high-power UV lamps to provide sufficient UV irradiation. The optical engine is connected via a universal joint, allowing for free adjustment of the irradiation angle to ensure comprehensive and uniform irradiation of the material coated on the disc. The intensity of the light source and the irradiation time can be precisely adjusted via a control system. Appropriate curing parameters can be set according to the material properties and printing requirements of different materials to achieve efficient photopolymerization molding.

[0035] After each layer is printed, the squeegee rises to smooth and retract the printed area. This removes residual resin and impurities adhering to the forming platform, keeping the printed area clean and preventing them from affecting the adhesion and print quality of subsequent layers, thus ensuring the stability and continuity of the printing process.

[0036] This application is equipped with an advanced microprocessor and software algorithms to control the entire printing process. Users can input information such as the 3D data of the printing model, material type, and printing parameters through the user interface. Based on the input information, the control system precisely controls the rotation speed of the printing disc, the material output of the coating head, and the working status of the curing device, ensuring that all components work together to achieve high-precision printing.

[0037] The core controller is an STM32F407VGT6 (ARM Cortex-M4 core, 168MHz), with the following performance parameters: 512KB built-in Flash memory, supporting multi-threaded parallel processing; 192KB built-in SRAM, meeting the data caching requirements of complex algorithms; 12 timer / PWM channels, supporting high-precision motion control; communication interfaces: supporting multiple protocols such as SPI, I2C, UART, and CAN, compatible with sensors and driver modules; 12-bit ADC sampling accuracy, used for real-time monitoring of parameters such as slurry level and temperature. The motion control coprocessor is a Trinamic TMC5160 (stepper motor driver chip), supporting 6-axis linkage control, including the rotary axis of the disc mechanism, the lifting axis of the optical engine, and the telescopic axis of the coating head; subdivision resolution reaches 256 microsteps, positioning accuracy ±0.1μm; integrated current feedback and anti-shake algorithm to suppress the impact of mechanical vibration on printing accuracy. The UV optical engine control module is model Analog Devices AD9837 (programmable waveform generator), with a frequency resolution of 0.1Hz and supporting UV light intensity of 0-100mW / cm². 2Stepless adjustment; light exposure time control accuracy: ±1μs, adaptable to the curing characteristics of different materials.

[0038] Multi-material switching adaptive control algorithm principle: Based on fuzzy PID control, it monitors coating head pressure, slurry viscosity, and UV curing feedback in real time, dynamically adjusting the feeding speed and doctor blade height. Advantages: Switching time is reduced to within 10 seconds (traditional manual switching requires 120 seconds), avoiding material cross-contamination; through a viscosity compensation model, it ensures uniform coating of high-viscosity materials such as ceramics and metals. Layering error compensation algorithm principle: Combining computer vision and image morphology operations, it performs contour dilation and erosion correction on each layer slice to compensate for XY plane errors caused by refraction. Advantages: Layering error is reduced from the traditional ±50μm to ±15μm; it supports macro-micro cross-scale molding at 43.75μm resolution. Multi-exposure path planning algorithm principle: For multi-material boundary regions, a selective region dilation strategy is adopted to generate overlapping exposure paths, ensuring the adhesion strength between different material layers. Advantages: Metal-resin and ceramic-resin interface bonding strength is improved by more than 30%; it reduces dimensional distortion caused by overexposure. The principle of the G-code dynamic optimization algorithm: After converting the slice file into G-code, the printing order and cooling time are dynamically adjusted according to the material properties. For example, a 5-second cooling delay is inserted after the metal paste layer to prevent thermal deformation; the resin layer uses a spiral filling path to improve printing efficiency. Advantages: Printing time for complex models is reduced by 20%-40%.

[0039] Summary of technical advantages:

[0040] 1. High-precision control: Submicron-level motion control is achieved through the combination of STM32 and TMC5160, and combined with image compensation algorithm, the size error is reduced by 50% compared with traditional equipment.

[0041] 2. High-efficiency adaptation to multiple materials: Pneumatic switching + adaptive algorithm reduces material switching time by 90% and supports seamless printing of more than 3 materials such as photosensitive resin, ceramics, and metals.

[0042] 3. Complex structure capability: Based on G-code optimization and multiple exposure strategy, it can form nested multi-material parts (such as metal inserts + resin matrix), which are suitable for flexible robots, biological scaffolds and other fields.

[0043] Specific Implementation Method Two: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method One in that the disc mechanism 1 includes a circular transparent glass plate 1-1 and glass plate clamps 1-2; the glass plate clamps 1-2 are symmetrically arranged vertically and fastened to both sides of the circular transparent glass plate 1-1. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0044] Specific Implementation Method 3: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method 1 in that the coating system 2 includes a coating head 2-1, a coating lifting housing 2-2, a coating system support body 2-3, and a coating lifting shaft 2-4. The coating lifting shaft 2-4 is located on the upper part of the coating system support body 2-3, and the coating lifting housing 2-2 is slidably disposed on the outside of the coating lifting shaft 2-4. The coating head 2-1 is fixed to the upper end of the coating lifting housing 2-2, and the coating head 2-1 is connected to the storage tank 7 through a transmission pipe. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method 1.

[0045] Specific Implementation Method Four: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method Three in that the number of coating systems 2 is 2 to n, evenly distributed below the circular transparent glass plate 1-1 with the central axis of the outer shell as the center. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method Three.

[0046] Specific Implementation Method Five: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method Three in that the coating head 2-1 adopts a microneedle structure with a minimum coating diameter of 0.1 mm. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method Three.

[0047] Specific Implementation Method Six: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method One in that the photocuring system 3 includes a UV optical engine laser head 3-1, an optical engine telescopic arm 3-2, an optical engine lifting shaft 3-3, an optical engine support body 3-4, and an optical engine lifting shaft tension adjustment component 3-5. The optical engine lifting shaft 3-3 is slidably mounted on the side of the optical engine support body 3-4, and the optical engine telescopic arm 3-2 is fixed to the optical engine lifting shaft 3-3. The end of the optical engine telescopic arm 3-2 extends and retracts horizontally relative to the optical engine support body 3-4. The UV optical engine laser head 3-1 is fixed to the end of the optical engine telescopic arm 3-2 via a universal joint. The upper end of the optical engine support body 3-4 is provided with the optical engine lifting shaft tension adjustment component 3-5. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0048] Specific Implementation Method Seven: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method Six in that the number of photocuring systems 3 is 1 to n, and the UV optical engine laser head 3-1 emits ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 365nm. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method Six.

[0049] Specific Implementation Method Eight: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method One in that the scraper gravity recovery system 4 includes a scraper lifting shaft 4-1, a scraper lifting housing 4-2, a scraper system support body 4-3, a slurry recovery trough 4-4, a fixing screw plate 4-5, and a scraper 4-6. The scraper lifting shaft 4-1 is located on the upper part of the scraper system support body 4-3, and the scraper lifting housing 4-2 is slidably located on the outside of the scraper lifting shaft 4-1. The upper end of the scraper lifting housing 4-2 is fixed to the slurry recovery trough 4-4, and the scraper 4-6 is vertically fixed to the middle position of the slurry recovery trough 4-4 by the fixing screw plate 4-5. The storage tank 7 is connected to the slurry recovery trough 4-4 through a recovery pipe. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0050] Specific Implementation Method Nine: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method One in that: a printing platform 8, made of aluminum alloy flat plate, is also provided inside the outer shell. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method One.

[0051] 10. Specific Implementation Method Ten: This implementation method differs from Specific Implementation Method One in that the specific operation process of the disc coating sinking multi-material 3D printing device is carried out according to the following steps:

[0052] 1. Model Preprocessing: Import the 3D model file to be printed into the control system. The slicing software in the control system slices the model, cutting the 3D model into multiple layers of 2D cross-sectional data along the vertical direction. For each layer of cross-sectional data, according to the material requirements and structural characteristics of the model, it is divided into multiple printing areas, and the corresponding materials and printing parameters are specified for each printing area.

[0053] II. Coating and Curing Process: After the device is started, the disc mechanism 1 begins to rotate at a uniform speed according to the set initial rotation speed; based on the material information of the first layer of two-dimensional cross-sectional data obtained from slicing, the control system controls the corresponding coating head 2-1 to work, so that its internal material chamber is connected to the slurry recovery tank 4-4; under pressure, the material is evenly coated on the corresponding position on the surface of the disc mechanism 1 through the micro-needle array outlet of the coating head 2-1; during the coating process, the control system precisely controls the material flow rate and coating time of the coating head 2-1 according to the preset coating thickness and the rotation speed of the disc mechanism to ensure the formation of a uniform material layer; after one layer of material is coated, the disc mechanism 1 continues to rotate, The coated area is brought into the photocuring area; the coated material layer is irradiated according to the preset irradiation angle and intensity to quickly cure the material. After each layer is cured, the printing platform 8 descends, the disc mechanism 1 rotates to the coating area, and the scraper gravity recovery system 4 rises to recover the uncured liquid from the printing area. During the curing process, the control system adjusts the irradiation time and intensity of the photomechanical system in real time according to the optical properties of the material and the printing requirements to ensure that the material is fully cured. After the first layer is coated and cured, the control system switches the coating head 2-1 according to the material information of the second layer cross-section data and repeats the above coating and curing steps, stacking the printing material layer by layer until the entire model is printed.

[0054] III. Support Structure Processing: During the printing process, for overhanging parts or complex structures in the model, the control system will automatically generate support structure data based on the model's geometry and stress conditions. The support structure will be sliced ​​along with other parts of the model and printed synchronously with other materials during the printing process. Everything else is the same as in Specific Implementation Method 1.

[0055] The apparatus in this embodiment utilizes a rotating disc mechanism to coat materials during rotation. The disc surface undergoes high-precision flatness processing to ensure excellent foundation conditions for material coating. The control system precisely regulates the material flow rate and coating time from the coating head based on preset coating thickness and disc rotation speed. In actual operation, each layer of material is evenly distributed according to the set requirements, avoiding local accumulation or thinning, ensuring uniform material distribution during the coating process and reducing printing errors caused by uneven material accumulation. After each layer cures, the doctor blade gravity recovery system is activated. The doctor blade rises to recover uncured liquid from the printing area, simultaneously smoothing the surface of the printed layer and returning excess paste to the storage tank for recycling. This process promptly removes excess paste that may cause uneven material accumulation, ensuring a smooth and flat printing surface for each layer, further preventing errors in subsequent printing layers due to material residue.

[0056] The beneficial effects of the present invention are verified by the following embodiments:

[0057] This invention takes multi-material (photosensitive resin + ceramic composite layer) printing as an example, and the process is as follows:

[0058] 1. Substrate preparation: Start the motor to rotate the glass plate (5 rpm); the coating head draws photosensitive resin from the storage tank and applies it evenly to a layer thickness of 0.1 mm; immediately irradiate with a UV light machine (light intensity 50 mW / cm²). 2 (Cure in 5 seconds)

[0059] 2. Multi-layer composite printing: Switch the storage tank to ceramic slurry, raise the coating head to a layer thickness of 0.15mm, and apply the second layer; lower the UV light machine to 5mm and extend the light exposure time to 10 seconds to adapt to the curing characteristics of ceramic materials; the doctor blade system scrapes off air bubbles between layers and recovers excess slurry to the corresponding storage tank.

[0060] 3. Cyclic control: The motor control system repeats the "coating-lighting-smoothing" cycle according to the preset program until all layers are printed; after each layer is finished, the glass plate is reversed slightly (0.5°) to prevent adhesion, and the scraper automatically cleans the blade edge.

[0061] Comparison of printing accuracy (taking gear printing as an example)

[0062]

[0063] Note: Due to the combination of glass plate spin coating and real-time UV curing, this device has low interlayer stress, and the error of large-size models is reduced by 30%-50% compared with traditional equipment.

[0064] Printing efficiency comparison (taking gear printing as an example)

[0065]

[0066] Note: This device reduces the single-layer processing time to 12 seconds per layer (including switching time) through simultaneous coating and photocuring, far exceeding traditional equipment.

[0067] Multi-material switching time test

[0068]

Claims

1. A disc-coating sinking multi-material 3D printing device, characterized in that... The disc coating sinking multi-material 3D printing device includes a disc mechanism (1), a coating system (2), a photocuring system (3), a scraper gravity recovery system (4), a motor (5), a control system, a housing (6), and a storage tank (7). The motor (5) and the control system are located at the central axis of the housing. The disc mechanism (1) is located on the top of the housing (6) and connected to the motor (5) by screws. The motor (5) provides power output to the disc mechanism (1) through a rotating shaft. The coating system (2), the scraper gravity recovery system (4), and the storage tank (7) are arranged inside the housing (6) around the central axis of the housing (6). The photocuring system (3) is located on the upper part of the housing (6). The control system is electrically connected to the coating system (2), the photocuring system (3), the scraper gravity recovery system (4), and the motor (5). The disc mechanism (1) includes a circular transparent glass plate (1-1) and glass plate clips (1-2); the glass plate clips (1-2) are arranged symmetrically on the top and bottom and are fastened to both sides of the circular transparent glass plate (1-1); The number of coating systems (2) is 2 to n, and they are evenly distributed below the circular transparent glass plate (1-1) with the central axis of the outer shell as the center. The outer casing also contains a printing platform (8), which is made of aluminum alloy flat plate.

2. The disc-coating sinking multi-material 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The coating system (2) includes a coating head (2-1), a coating lifting housing (2-2), a coating system support body (2-3), and a coating lifting shaft (2-4). The coating lifting shaft (2-4) is located on the upper part of the coating system support body (2-3). The coating lifting housing (2-2) is slidably located on the outside of the coating lifting shaft (2-4). The coating head (2-1) is fixed at the upper end of the coating lifting housing (2-2). The coating head (2-1) is connected to the storage tank (7) through a transmission pipe.

3. The disc-coating sinking multi-material 3D printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that... The coating head (2-1) adopts a microneedle structure with a minimum coating diameter of 0.1 mm.

4. The disc-coating sinking multi-material 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The photocuring system (3) includes a UV optical engine laser head (3-1), an optical engine telescopic arm (3-2), an optical engine lifting shaft (3-3), an optical engine support body (3-4), and an optical engine lifting shaft tension adjustment component (3-5). The optical engine lifting shaft (3-3) is slidably mounted on the side of the optical engine support body (3-4), and the optical engine telescopic arm (3-2) is fixed on the optical engine lifting shaft (3-3). The end of the optical engine telescopic arm (3-2) extends and retracts horizontally relative to the optical engine support body (3-4). The UV optical engine laser head (3-1) is fixed to the end of the optical engine telescopic arm (3-2) by a universal joint. The upper end of the optical engine support body (3-4) is provided with the optical engine lifting shaft tension adjustment component (3-5).

5. A disc-coating sinking multi-material 3D printing device according to claim 4, characterized in that... The number of the photocuring system (3) is 1 to n, and the UV optical engine laser head (3-1) emits ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 365nm.

6. The disc-coating sinking multi-material 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The scraper gravity recovery system (4) includes a scraper lifting shaft (4-1), a scraper lifting housing (4-2), a scraper system support body (4-3), a slurry recovery trough (4-4), a fixing screw plate (4-5), and a scraper (4-6). The scraper lifting shaft (4-1) is located on the upper part of the scraper system support body (4-3), and the scraper lifting housing (4-2) is slidably located on the outside of the scraper lifting shaft (4-1). The upper end of the scraper lifting housing (4-2) is fixed to the slurry recovery trough (4-4), and the scraper (4-6) is vertically fixed in the middle position of the slurry recovery trough (4-4) by the fixing screw plate (4-5). The storage tank (7) is connected to the slurry recovery trough (4-4) through a recovery pipe.

7. The disc-coating sinking multi-material 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The specific operation process of the disc-coated sinking multi-material 3D printing device is as follows:

1. Model Preprocessing: Import the 3D model file to be printed into the control system. The slicing software in the control system slices the model, cutting the 3D model into multiple layers of 2D cross-sectional data along the vertical direction. For each layer of cross-sectional data, according to the material requirements and structural characteristics of the model, it is divided into multiple printing areas, and the corresponding materials and printing parameters are specified for each printing area. II. Coating and Curing Process: After the device is started, the disc mechanism (1) begins to rotate at a constant speed according to the set initial speed. Based on the material information of the first layer of two-dimensional cross-sectional data obtained from the slice, the control system controls the corresponding coating head (2-1) to work, so that its internal material chamber is connected to the slurry recovery tank (4-4). Under pressure, the material is uniformly coated on the corresponding position on the surface of the disc mechanism (1) through the micro-needle array outlet of the coating head (2-1). During the coating process, the control system precisely controls the material flow rate and coating time of the coating head (2-1) according to the preset coating thickness and the rotation speed of the disc mechanism to ensure the formation of a uniform material layer. After one layer of material is coated, the disc mechanism (1) continues to rotate. The coated area is brought into the photocuring area. The coated material layer is irradiated according to the preset irradiation angle and intensity to make the material quickly cure and form. After each layer is cured, the printing platform (8) is lowered, the disc mechanism (1) is rotated to the coating area, and the scraper gravity recovery system (4) is raised to recover the uncured liquid in the printing area. During the curing process, the control system adjusts the irradiation time and intensity of the photomechanical system in real time according to the optical characteristics of the material and the printing requirements to ensure that the material is fully cured. After the coating and curing of the first layer are completed, the control system switches the coating head (2-1) according to the material information of the second layer cross section data and repeats the above coating and curing steps to stack the printing material layer by layer until the entire model is printed. III. Support Structure Processing: During the printing process, for overhanging parts or complex structures in the model, the control system will automatically generate support structure data based on the model's geometry and stress conditions. The support structure will be sliced ​​together with other parts of the model and printed synchronously with other materials during the printing process.

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