Three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of radars, and discloses a three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device, through the design of an electric slip ring, especially the rotatable arrangement of a slip ring rotor on the outer side of a slip ring stator, and in combination with the application of a transmission structure, an optical scanning head can continuously and stably rotate around a wind turbine generator tower drum, so that the wind measurement efficiency is improved. The laser radar device is allowed to perform large-range scanning in the horizontal and / or vertical direction, so that wind field information from different directions can be comprehensively collected without dead angles, the influence of a tower drum on a scanning result is reduced, and detailed data support is provided for wind resource evaluation, weather forecast, wind power generation efficiency optimization and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of radar technology, and in particular to a three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device. Background Art

[0002] The three-dimensional scanning wind measurement lidar is a lidar system based on the Doppler principle, and is additionally equipped with a scanner that can freely adjust the beam direction. It can perform specific scanning methods for specific airspace ranges, and can provide all-weather, all-round, real-time, high-precision wind field information. It can be used in urban meteorological observations, wind power resource assessments, local wind shear warnings, high-altitude turbulence, wind tunnel aerodynamics research, complex terrain and offshore wind power resource assessments and other application scenarios.

[0003] In the relevant technical field, 3D scanning LiDARs generally adopt an integrated chassis structure. That is, the 3D scanner, telescope, laser, control unit, power supply unit, and other components are integrated into a cubical chassis. This has the advantage of easy mobility.

[0004] However, when this type of lidar is deployed on the foundation platform of an offshore wind turbine to perform three-dimensional wind field scanning and measurement tasks, the measurement angle is easily affected by the tower when it enters the measurement line of sight. For example, its scanning azimuth angle will be blocked by the wind turbine tower, making it difficult to carry out all-round (360° azimuth) wind field measurements, resulting in difficulty in obtaining complete three-dimensional wind field data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device to solve the problem that the existing three-dimensional scanning laser radar is difficult to obtain complete three-dimensional wind field data.

[0006] The present invention provides a three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device, comprising an electric slip ring and an optical scanning head. The electric slip ring comprises a slip ring stator and a slip ring rotor. The slip ring stator is sleeved on the outer wall of a tower, and the slip ring rotor is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the slip ring stator through a transmission structure; the optical scanning head is installed outside the slip ring rotor.

[0007] Beneficial Effects: The electric slip ring design, particularly the rotatable arrangement of the slip ring rotor outside the slip ring stator, combined with the use of a transmission structure, enables the optical scanning head to rotate continuously and smoothly around the tower, allowing the lidar device to scan a large range in the horizontal and / or vertical directions. This enables comprehensive and comprehensive collection of wind field information from different directions, reducing the tower's influence on scanning angles and providing detailed data support for wind resource assessment, weather forecasting, and wind power generation efficiency optimization. Furthermore, the centralized electric slip ring design reduces the complex mechanical connections and cabling in traditional wind measurement equipment, reducing the frequency and cost of maintenance due to component wear or failure.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the optical scanning head is mounted on the outer wall of the slip ring rotor via a connecting bracket.

[0009] Beneficial Effects: By using a connecting bracket to securely mount the optical scanning head to the outer wall of the slip-ring rotor, scanning errors caused by vibration or shaking are reduced, resulting in more accurate and reliable wind data. Furthermore, the connecting bracket can be strategically positioned based on actual application requirements, providing an optimized scanning path for the optical scanning head and reducing blind spots, thereby improving data integrity. Furthermore, the connecting bracket provides a reliable connection between the optical scanning head and the slip-ring rotor, ensuring stable operation even in adverse weather conditions.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the optical scanning head includes at least a laser, a collimating telescope and a first driving motor, the laser is used to generate a laser beam, the collimating telescope is used to collimate the laser beam, and the driving end of the first driving motor is connected to the optical scanning head to change the scanning pitch angle of the optical scanning head.

[0011] Beneficial effects: Since the optical scanning head includes a laser for generating a laser beam and a collimating telescope for collimating the laser beam, the high-energy, narrow-beam-width laser beam generated by the laser can be precisely collimated by the collimating telescope to form a laser beam with good directionality and a small divergence angle, thereby ensuring high-precision positioning of the laser beam during the scanning process and improving the accuracy of wind field data measurement. By adding a first drive motor to the optical scanning head, the optical scanning head can change the scanning pitch angle in a timely manner, thereby completing a large-scale scanning task in a short time, thereby shortening the data acquisition time. In other words, the three-dimensional wind measurement lidar device of this structure has high-precision scanning capabilities and the ability to flexibly adjust the scanning angle, providing strong support for technological innovation in the field of wind field monitoring.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the transmission structure includes a second drive motor, a first transmission gear and a second transmission gear, the fixed end of the second drive motor is mounted on the slip ring stator, the first transmission gear is transmission-mounted on the driving end of the second drive motor, the second transmission gear is mounted on the slip ring rotor, and the second transmission gear is transmission-connected to the first transmission gear.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The first transmission gear is driven by the second drive motor, which in turn drives the second transmission gear connected thereto, thereby achieving efficient and stable power transmission, ensuring that the slip ring rotor can rotate smoothly and continuously, and providing a stable power source for the scanning of the optical scanning head. At the same time, by setting the transmission structure in the form of a motor-driven transmission gear set, it has lower noise and vibration compared to other transmission methods. In addition, the gear transmission structure has high mechanical strength and wear resistance, can withstand large loads and long-term operation, so that the three-dimensional wind measurement lidar device can still maintain a stable working state under harsh meteorological conditions and complex operating environments.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the three-dimensional wind measurement lidar device also includes a height adjustment member, the fixed end of the height adjustment member is directly or indirectly fixed to the ground, the adjustment end of the height adjustment member is a telescopic structure, one end of the adjustment end of the height adjustment member along its telescopic direction is connected to the fixed end of the height adjustment member, and the other end of the adjustment end of the height adjustment member along its telescopic direction is connected to the slip ring stator, and the height adjustment member is used to adjust the height position of the slip ring rotor.

[0015] Beneficial effects: By adding a height adjustment part, the height of the slip ring stator can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs, and then the height position of the optical scanning head connected to it through the slip ring rotor can be adjusted to adapt to different monitoring needs. For example, in response to changes in wind speed, wind direction and terrain conditions, the height position of the three-dimensional wind measurement lidar device can be adjusted in time, which helps to collect more comprehensive and accurate wind speed and wind direction data, and improve the accuracy and reliability of monitoring.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, at least two height adjustment members are provided, and the at least two height adjustment members are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction around the slip ring stator.

[0017] Beneficial Effects: By arranging at least two height adjustment members at intervals around the circumference of the slip ring stator, a stable support structure is provided for the slip ring stator, ensuring that the 3D wind lidar device remains horizontal and stable during installation and use. This reduces shaking and tilting caused by uneven ground or wind, thereby improving measurement accuracy and reliability. Furthermore, the spacing of the multiple height adjustment members evenly distributes the device's weight on the ground, preventing ground subsidence or device tilting caused by excessive force at a single point.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device further includes a control box, in which an operation control module is installed, and the operation control module is communicatively connected with the first drive motor and the second drive motor.

[0019] Beneficial Effects: The operation control module within the control box enables centralized control and automated management of the first and second drive motors. For example, by connecting the operation control module to the first and second drive motors, parameters such as starting, stopping, speed, and direction of the first and second drive motors can be precisely controlled. This ensures that the optical scanning head and slip ring rotor scan and rotate according to the predetermined trajectory and speed, helping to improve scanning efficiency and accuracy, thereby collecting more comprehensive and accurate wind farm data.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, an environmental monitoring module, a communication module and a data storage module are also integrated and installed in the control box.

[0021] Beneficial effects: By integrating the environmental monitoring module in the control box, the state of the environment in which the three-dimensional wind measurement lidar device is located, such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, etc., can be monitored in real time to ensure that the device operates under suitable environmental conditions; by adding a communication module, the data collected by the three-dimensional wind measurement lidar device (such as wind speed, wind direction, etc.) can be transmitted to a remote monitoring system or data center, and control instructions from these systems can be received; and by integrating the data storage module, the operating data and historical records of the three-dimensional wind measurement lidar device can be saved for subsequent analysis and query.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device further includes a power supply box, which is installed outside the tower, the power supply box is externally connected to 220V AC power, and the power supply box supplies power to the control box through a cable.

[0023] Beneficial effects: By adding a power box and using cables to power the control box, and by connecting the power box to an external 220V AC power, which is converted into DC power, it can power each module in the control box, ensuring that each module can work normally, realizing centralized power supply, and avoiding complex wiring problems.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, a power rectifier module, a power distribution module, a power monitoring module and a power protection module are integrated in the power box.

[0025] Beneficial effects: By integrating a power rectifier module into the power box, the external 220V AC power can be converted into the DC power or AC power of a specific voltage required by the control box and its internal modules, providing the necessary power support for the normal operation of the device. By adding a power distribution module, the rectified electric energy can be distributed according to the needs of each electrical appliance, ensuring that each electrical appliance can obtain the required power supply, avoiding energy waste and overload risks. By adding a power monitoring module, the power supply status of each electrical appliance can be detected in real time, including parameters such as voltage, current, and power, which helps to promptly discover and deal with potential power problems and ensure the safe operation of the device. In addition, by adding a power protection module, the power box and its internal modules can be protected from damage due to abnormal power conditions. When abnormal conditions such as overcurrent, overvoltage, and short circuit are detected, the module will quickly cut off the power supply or take other protective measures to ensure the safety of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional wind measurement lidar device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Description of reference numerals:

[0029] 1. Electric slip ring; 101. Slip ring stator; 102. Slip ring rotor;

[0030] 2. Transmission structure; 201. Second drive motor; 202. First transmission gear; 203. Second transmission gear; 204. Transmission shaft;

[0031] 3. Optical scanning head;

[0032] 4. Connect the bracket;

[0033] 5. Height adjustment member; 501. Fixed end; 502. Adjustment end;

[0034] 6. Control box; 601. Operation control module; 602. Environmental monitoring module; 603. Communication module; 604. Data storage module;

[0035] 7. Power box; 701. Power rectifier module; 702. Power distribution module; 703. Power monitoring module; 704. Power protection module;

[0036] 8. Cables. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Doppler wind lidar is a non-contact remote sensing lidar system based on the coherent Doppler velocity measurement principle. Its working process is as follows: the pulse signal light generated by the fiber laser is emitted into the air to be measured through the optical antenna (telescope and scanner), and interacts with the aerosol particles in it to generate backscattered signals containing their velocity information.

[0039] According to the Doppler principle, the Doppler frequency shift of the echo signal is proportional to the speed of aerosol particles (i.e., wind speed). Therefore, the backscattered signal received by the optical antenna beats with the local oscillator light generated by the fiber laser inside the system in the coherent detection module and is digitally demodulated to obtain the wind speed information of the target area to be measured.

[0040] The three-dimensional scanning wind measurement lidar is a lidar system based on the above principles, and is additionally equipped with a scanner that can freely adjust the beam direction. It can perform specific scanning methods for specific airspace ranges, and can provide all-weather, all-round, real-time, high-precision wind field information. It can be used in urban meteorological observations, wind power resource assessments, local wind shear warnings, high-altitude turbulence, wind tunnel aerodynamics research, complex terrain and offshore wind power resource assessments and other application scenarios.

[0041] In the relevant technical field, 3D scanning LiDARs generally adopt an integrated chassis structure. That is, the 3D scanner, telescope, laser, control unit, power supply unit, and other components are integrated into a cubical chassis. This has the advantage of easy mobility.

[0042] However, when this type of lidar is deployed on an offshore wind turbine foundation platform to perform 3D wind field scanning and measurement, the measurement angle is easily affected by the tower. Because it is mounted on the foundation platform, if there is an obstruction within its scanning range, such as the tower, its scanning azimuth angle will be blocked by the wind turbine tower, making it difficult to perform full-angle (360° azimuth) wind field measurements, making it difficult to obtain complete wind field data.

[0043] To this end, the present application indirectly rotates the optical scanning head on the outside of the sleeve, so that it can scan all around the wind turbine tower, avoiding obstruction of the wind turbine tower, thereby reducing the influence of the tower on the scanning angle during the scanning process.

[0044] The following combination Figure 1 , describing embodiments of the present invention.

[0045] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device is provided, including an electric slip ring 1 and an optical scanning head 3.

[0046] The electric slip ring 1 includes a slip ring stator 101 and a slip ring rotor 102 . Both the slip ring stator 101 and the slip ring rotor 102 are hollow cylindrical structures, which are convenient for installation around the tower of an offshore wind turbine.

[0047] Specifically, the slip ring stator 101 is sleeved on the outer wall of the tower, and the slip ring rotor 102 is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the slip ring stator 101 through the transmission structure 2 ; the optical scanning head 3 is installed outside the slip ring rotor 102 .

[0048] With this arrangement, through the design of the electric slip ring 1, especially the rotatable arrangement of the slip ring rotor 102 on the outside of the slip ring stator 101, combined with the use of the transmission structure 2, the optical scanning head 3 can rotate continuously and smoothly around the tower, allowing the laser radar device to perform a large-scale scan in the horizontal and / or vertical directions, thereby being able to comprehensively and without blind spots collect wind field information from different directions, reducing the influence of the tower on the scanning results, and providing detailed data support for wind resource assessment, weather forecasting, and wind power generation efficiency optimization.

[0049] At the same time, the centralized electric slip ring 1 design reduces the complex mechanical connections and cable wiring in traditional wind measurement equipment, reducing the maintenance frequency and cost caused by component wear or failure.

[0050] In one embodiment, the optical scanning head 3 is mounted on the outer wall of the slip ring rotor 102 via a connecting bracket 4 .

[0051] With this arrangement, the optical scanning head 3 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the slip ring rotor 102 by using the connecting bracket 4 , thereby reducing scanning errors caused by vibration or shaking, and making the collected wind field data more accurate and reliable.

[0052] At the same time, the connecting bracket 4 can be reasonably arranged according to actual application requirements to provide an optimized scanning path for the optical scanning head 3, reduce scanning blind areas, and thus improve data integrity.

[0053] In addition, the arrangement of the connecting bracket 4 can provide a reliable connection between the optical scanning head 3 and the slip ring rotor 102, ensuring that the optical scanning head 3 can work stably even under adverse weather conditions.

[0054] In the present application, there is no limitation on the specific location where the optical scanning head 3 is installed on the slip ring rotor 102. The location may be any location on the top outer wall, the side outer wall or the bottom outer wall of the slip ring rotor 102.

[0055] Preferably, the optical scanning head 3 is mounted on the side outer wall of the slip ring rotor 102 via a connecting bracket 4 .

[0056] In the present application, the shape of the connecting bracket 4 is not specifically limited, and it can be at least one of a straight line shape and a curved shape.

[0057] For example, the connecting bracket 4 has at least one straight structure. In this case, after the optical scanning head 3 is installed through the connecting bracket 4, it is necessary to at least Figure 1 The horizontal direction shown is away from the slip ring rotor 102 to facilitate timely adjustment of the scanning pitch angle.

[0058] Preferably, the connecting bracket 4 is Figure 1 L-shaped configuration shown.

[0059] In this application, the structure of the optical scanning head 3 is not particularly limited.

[0060] In one embodiment, the optical scanning head 3 includes at least a laser, a collimating telescope and a first driving motor. The laser is used to generate a laser beam, the collimating telescope is used to collimate the laser beam, and the driving end of the first driving motor is connected to the optical scanning head 3 to change the scanning pitch angle of the optical scanning head 3.

[0061] In this arrangement, since the optical scanning head 3 includes a laser for generating a laser beam and a collimating telescope for collimating the laser beam, the high-energy, narrow-beam-width laser beam generated by the laser can be formed into a laser beam with good directionality and a small divergence angle after being precisely collimated by the collimating telescope, thereby ensuring high-precision positioning of the laser beam during the scanning process and improving the accuracy of wind field data measurement.

[0062] Furthermore, by adding a first driving motor to the optical scanning head 3, the optical scanning head 3 can change the scanning pitch angle in time, thereby completing a large-scale scanning task in a short time, thereby shortening the data acquisition time.

[0063] That is, the three-dimensional wind measurement lidar device of this structure has high-precision scanning capabilities and the ability to flexibly adjust the scanning angle, providing strong support for technological innovation in the field of wind field monitoring.

[0064] In the present application, the first drive motor is preferably a servo motor.

[0065] In this application, there is no specific limitation on the form of the transmission structure 2. It can be any of gear transmission and chain transmission.

[0066] Preferably, the transmission structure 2 adopts a gear transmission structure.

[0067] In one embodiment, the transmission structure 2 includes a second drive motor 201, a first transmission gear 202 and a second transmission gear 203. The fixed end 501 of the second drive motor 201 is installed on the slip ring stator 101, the first transmission gear 202 is transmission-installed on the driving end of the second drive motor 201, the second transmission gear 203 is installed on the slip ring rotor 102, and the second transmission gear 203 is transmission-connected to the first transmission gear 202.

[0068] With this arrangement, the first transmission gear 202 is driven by the second drive motor 201, and then the second transmission gear 203 connected thereto is driven, thereby achieving efficient and stable transmission of power, ensuring that the slip ring rotor 102 can rotate smoothly and continuously, and providing a stable power source for the scanning of the optical scanning head 3.

[0069] At the same time, by configuring the transmission structure 2 to be a motor-driven transmission gear set, the transmission structure 2 has lower noise and vibration compared to other transmission modes.

[0070] In addition, the gear transmission structure 2 has high mechanical strength and wear resistance, and can withstand large loads and long-term operation, so that the three-dimensional wind measurement lidar device can still maintain a stable working state under harsh weather conditions and complex operating environments.

[0071] Furthermore, there is no specific limitation on the installation position of the second transmission gear 203 , and it can be any position of the top outer wall, the side outer wall or the bottom outer wall of the slip ring rotor 102 .

[0072] Preferably, the second transmission gear 203 is mounted on the bottom outer wall of the slip ring rotor 102 .

[0073] At this time, the first transmission gear 202 is installed below the second transmission gear 203, and the first transmission gear 202 and the second transmission gear 203 are both bevel gears. Figure 1 The central axis of the second transmission gear 203 is parallel to the horizontal direction shown in FIG. Figure 1 Parallel to the vertical direction indicated.

[0074] Likewise, it should be noted that there is no specific limitation on the connection method between the second transmission gear 203 and the slip ring rotor 102. They can be integrally formed or can be split and then spliced ​​together.

[0075] Preferably, the bottom of the slip ring rotor 102 is integrally formed with the gear teeth of the second transmission gear 203 .

[0076] In addition, the second driving motor 201 is preferably a stepping motor, which facilitates precise control of the rotation angle.

[0077] In one embodiment, the transmission structure 2 further includes a transmission shaft 204. Two ends of the transmission shaft 204 along its axis are respectively connected to the driving end of the second driving motor 201 and the first transmission gear 202.

[0078] In one embodiment, the three-dimensional wind measurement lidar device also includes a height adjustment member 5, a fixed end 501 of the height adjustment member 5 is directly or indirectly fixed to the ground, and an adjustment end 502 of the height adjustment member 5 is a telescopic structure. One end of the adjustment end 502 of the height adjustment member 5 along its telescopic direction is connected to the fixed end 501 of the height adjustment member 5, and the other end of the adjustment end 502 of the height adjustment member 5 along its telescopic direction is connected to the slip ring stator 101. The height adjustment member 5 is used to adjust the height position of the slip ring rotor 102.

[0079] With this arrangement, by adding the height adjustment member 5 , the height of the slip ring stator 101 can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs, thereby adjusting the height position of the optical scanning head 3 connected thereto via the slip ring rotor 102 , thereby adapting to different monitoring needs.

[0080] For example, in response to changes in wind speed, wind direction and terrain conditions, timely adjusting the height position of the three-dimensional wind measurement lidar device will help collect more comprehensive and accurate wind speed and direction data, and improve the accuracy and reliability of monitoring.

[0081] In addition, when manual operation or maintenance is required, the device can be adjusted to a suitable height by using the height adjustment member 5 to ensure the safety of the operator, reduce the risk of accidents caused by improper operation or environmental factors, and improve the safety of the entire monitoring system.

[0082] In one embodiment, at least two height adjustment members 5 are provided, and the at least two height adjustment members 5 are spaced apart around the circumference of the slip ring stator 101 .

[0083] In this way, by arranging at least two height adjustment members 5 circumferentially around the slip ring stator 101, a stable support structure can be provided for the slip ring stator 101, ensuring that the three-dimensional wind measurement lidar device remains horizontal and stable during installation and use, reducing shaking and tilting caused by uneven ground or wind, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the measurement.

[0084] At the same time, the multiple height adjustment members 5 are arranged at intervals to evenly distribute the overall weight of the device to the ground, thereby avoiding ground subsidence or device tilting caused by excessive force on a single point.

[0085] Preferably, there are three height adjustment members 5, which are arranged at constant angle intervals around the circumference of the slip ring stator 101. That is, the angle between two adjacent height adjustment members 5 in the circumferential direction of the slip ring stator 101 is 120°.

[0086] It can be explained that the three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device also includes a control box 6, which is used to place equipment for realizing functions such as scanning azimuth angle, pitch angle control, equipment operating environment status monitoring, integrated communication, data acquisition and storage.

[0087] In one embodiment, an operation control module 601 is installed in the control box 6 , and the operation control module 601 is in communication connection with the first drive motor and the second drive motor 201 .

[0088] With such configuration, centralized control and automated management of the first drive motor and the second drive motor 201 can be achieved through the operation control module 601 in the control box 6 .

[0089] For example, by communicating with the operation control module 601 and the first drive motor and the second drive motor 201, the parameters such as the start, stop, speed and direction of the first drive motor and the second drive motor 201 can be precisely controlled to ensure that the optical scanning head 3 and the slip ring rotor 102 can scan and rotate according to the predetermined trajectory and speed, which helps to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the scanning, thereby collecting more comprehensive and accurate wind field data.

[0090] Among them, the operation control module 601 has fault detection and self-protection functions, and can monitor the operating status of the motor in real time. Once an abnormal situation (such as overload, overheating, etc.) is found, timely measures can be taken to protect it to avoid damage to the equipment or safety accidents.

[0091] Furthermore, the fault detection and self-protection functions of the operation control module 601 are implemented through the following components or links. For example, the operation control module 601 internally includes a microcontroller (MCU) or embedded processor, sensor components, drive circuits, fault detection and protection algorithms, communication components, user interface / monitoring system, and alarm components.

[0092] Specifically:

[0093] A microcontroller (MCU) or embedded processor. As the core of the control module, it is responsible for executing control algorithms, reading sensor data, and performing fault detection. You can use an Arduino, Raspberry Pi, or a more advanced ARM Cortex-M series microcontroller.

[0094] The sensor assembly includes at least a current sensor, a temperature sensor, and a vibration sensor. The current sensor monitors the motor current in real time to determine whether there is an overload; the temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the motor and control module to prevent overheating; and the vibration sensor monitors the vibration of the motor during operation.

[0095] The drive circuit drives the motor and executes control instructions, and can adjust the motor's operating state according to the control module's judgment. An H-bridge motor driver module can be used.

[0096] Fault detection and protection algorithms implement fault detection logic and perform real-time analysis based on sensor data to determine whether the device is in a safe state. For example, a state machine or threshold determination algorithm can be used to set reasonable current and temperature thresholds, triggering protection measures once exceeded.

[0097] The communication components within the operation control module 601 implement data communication with other systems (such as a monitoring center or a host computer) and report operating status and fault information. For example, serial communication (such as RS-485) or wireless communication modules (such as Wi-Fi, etc.) are used.

[0098] The user interface / monitoring system provides an operational interface that displays motor status, sensor data, and fault alerts in real time. This can be achieved through graphical user interface-based monitoring software or remote monitoring using a web interface.

[0099] The alarm component uses an audible and visual alarm. When a fault is detected, it will promptly send out an audible and visual alarm to alert the operator. The audible and visual alarm can be formed by combining a buzzer and an LED indicator light.

[0100] In addition, the overall implementation process of fault detection and self-protection functions includes the following parts: sensor data acquisition: real-time monitoring of parameters such as current, temperature and vibration; data analysis: the microcontroller receives sensor data and runs the fault detection algorithm; fault judgment: if overload or overheating is detected, the corresponding protection measures are implemented (such as reducing the motor speed or shutting down); alarm and communication: sending fault information to the monitoring system and triggering an alarm.

[0101] In one embodiment, the control box 6 is further integrated with an environment monitoring module 602 , a communication module 603 and a data storage module 604 .

[0102] With this arrangement, by integrating the environmental monitoring module 602 in the control box 6, the state of the external natural environment in which the three-dimensional wind measurement lidar device is located, such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, etc., can be monitored in real time to ensure that the device operates under suitable environmental conditions.

[0103] By adding a communication module 603, the data collected by the three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device (such as wind speed, wind direction, etc.) can be transmitted to a remote monitoring system or a data center, and control instructions from these systems can be received.

[0104] By integrating and installing the data storage module 604, the operating data and historical records of the three-dimensional wind laser radar device can be saved for subsequent analysis and query.

[0105] The environment monitoring module 602 is also connected to micro-weather station components such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and wind speed sensors.

[0106] Furthermore, the environment monitoring module 602, the communication module 603, and the data storage module 604 are all connected to the operation control module 601. This helps the 3D wind lidar device to obtain the state of the environment in which the 3D wind lidar device is located, such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, etc., in real time, and transmit the data to the data storage module 604 for storage after forming the data, so as to provide complete data records for subsequent analysis and prediction.

[0107] It can be explained that the three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device also includes a power box 7, which is used to place components that realize functions such as AC / DC rectification, power distribution to different components, power supply operation status monitoring, and power supply protection.

[0108] In one embodiment, the power box 7 is installed outside the tower, the power box 7 is externally connected to 220V AC power, and the power box 7 supplies power to the control box 6 through a cable 8.

[0109] With this arrangement, by adding a power box 7 and using cable 8 to power the control box 6, and by connecting the power box 7 to an external 220V AC power, which is converted into DC power, it can power each module in the control box 6, ensuring that each module can work normally, realizing centralized power supply, and avoiding complex wiring problems.

[0110] In one embodiment, the power cord supplies power to each module in the control box 6 through the cable 8 .

[0111] In one embodiment, a power rectifier module 701 , a power distribution module 702 , a power monitoring module 703 and a power protection module 704 are integrated in the power box 7 .

[0112] With this arrangement, by integrating the power rectifier module 701 in the power box 7, the external 220V AC power can be converted into the DC power or AC power of a specific voltage required by the control box 6 and its internal modules, providing the necessary power support for the normal operation of the device.

[0113] By adding the power distribution module 702, the rectified electric energy can be distributed according to the needs of each electrical appliance, ensuring that each electrical appliance can obtain the required power supply, avoiding power waste and overload risks.

[0114] The addition of a power monitoring module 703 allows for real-time monitoring of the power supply status of each appliance, including parameters such as voltage, current, and power. This helps promptly identify and address potential power issues, ensuring safe operation of the device. For example, the use of an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) and a power management integrated circuit (PMIC) ensures that the device can safely shut down or enter a protection state in the event of a power anomaly.

[0115] In addition, by adding a power protection module 704, the power box 7 and its internal modules can be protected from damage by abnormal power conditions. When abnormal conditions such as overcurrent, overvoltage, short circuit, etc. are detected, the module will quickly cut off the power supply or take other protective measures to ensure the safety of the equipment.

[0116] Specifically, the outer shell of the power box 7 is made of corrosion-resistant metal or plastic material to achieve waterproof, dustproof, salt spray and other sealing functions; and the temperature of the power box is controlled by heat dissipation holes, heat sinks, fans, etc. The functions and composition of each module inside the power box are as follows:

[0117] The power rectifier module 701 converts AC power into DC power, providing stable voltage and current. This module consists of a rectifier circuit, filter capacitors, and a voltage regulator. The rectifier circuit uses a bridge rectifier circuit with silicon rectifier diodes; the filter capacitors smooth the output voltage and reduce ripple; and the voltage regulator uses either a linear regulator or a switching regulator to stabilize the output voltage.

[0118] The power distribution module 702 distributes the rectified power to the various subsystems and modules. This module consists of power connectors, a distribution board, and fuses or circuit breakers. The power connectors connect the power lines of the various subsystems; the distribution board integrates multiple outputs for distributing power of varying voltages and currents; and fuses or circuit breakers provide overload protection, ensuring circuit safety.

[0119] The power supply monitoring module 703 is used to monitor the power supply status in real time, including voltage, current, power, and temperature. It specifically includes a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a temperature sensor, and a data acquisition unit. The voltage sensor monitors the output voltage to ensure it is within a set range; the current sensor monitors the output current to prevent overload; and the temperature sensor monitors the internal temperature of the power supply box to prevent overheating. The data acquisition unit transmits sensor data to the operation control module 601 for real-time monitoring.

[0120] The power protection module 704 is used to protect the device in the event of a fault. It includes overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection, and overheating protection. Overvoltage protection uses a varistor (MOV) or transient voltage diode (TVS); overcurrent protection integrates a fuse or self-resetting fuse to prevent excessive current; short-circuit protection uses a fuse to detect short circuits and disconnect the power supply immediately; and overheating protection incorporates a temperature sensor with a set temperature threshold, automatically shutting off the power supply if the temperature exceeds the threshold.

[0121] It should be noted that another communication module is added to the power box 7. Communication module 705 in the power box 7 provides a data communication interface with the operation control system. Specifically, it includes a serial interface (such as RS-485) and a network interface (such as Ethernet). This module is used to establish a communication link with the communication module 603 in the control box 6, transmitting relevant data from the power box 7 to the control box 6.

[0122] By using the above-mentioned three-dimensional wind measurement lidar device, a power rectifier module 701 is installed in the power box 7 to convert 220V AC power into DC power to power the various electrical appliances within the three-dimensional wind measurement lidar device. According to the set scanning scheme, the stepper motor on the slip ring stator 101 is controlled to rotate the slip ring rotor 102, thereby adjusting the scanning azimuth angle. The servo motor on the optical scanning head 3 is then controlled to adjust the scanning pitch angle. Furthermore, by introducing the electric slip ring 1 and the operation control module 601, communication control and power supply for the optical scanning head 3, the pitch angle servo motor, and the azimuth angle stepper motor can be achieved. This eliminates the entanglement of the cable 8 caused by changes in the azimuth angle of the wind turbine tower or other tower-like structure, thereby achieving the effect of arbitrarily changing the scanning azimuth angle around the wind turbine tower or other tower-like structure.

[0123] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device, characterized in that: include: An electric slip ring (1), comprising a slip ring stator (101) and a slip ring rotor (102), wherein the slip ring stator (101) is sleeved on the outer wall of a tower, and the slip ring rotor (102) is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the slip ring stator (101) via a transmission structure (2); An optical scanning head (3), wherein the optical scanning head (3) is mounted outside the slip ring rotor (102).

2. The three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical scanning head (3) is mounted on the outer wall of the slip ring rotor (102) via a connecting bracket (4).

3. The three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical scanning head (3) comprises at least a laser, a collimating telescope and a first driving motor, wherein the laser is used to generate a laser beam, the collimating telescope is used to collimate the laser beam, and the driving end of the first driving motor is connected to the optical scanning head (3) to change the scanning pitch angle of the optical scanning head (3).

4. The three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The transmission structure (2) comprises a second drive motor (201), a first transmission gear (202) and a second transmission gear (203); the fixed end (501) of the second drive motor (201) is mounted on the slip ring stator (101); the first transmission gear (202) is transmission-mounted on the driving end of the second drive motor (201); the second transmission gear (203) is mounted on the slip ring rotor (102); and the second transmission gear (203) is transmission-connected to the first transmission gear (202).

5. The three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Also includes: A height adjustment member (5), wherein a fixed end (501) of the height adjustment member (5) is directly or indirectly fixed to the ground, an adjustment end (502) of the height adjustment member (5) is a telescopic structure, one end of the adjustment end (502) of the height adjustment member (5) along its telescopic direction is connected to the fixed end (501) of the height adjustment member (5), and the other end of the adjustment end (502) of the height adjustment member (5) along its telescopic direction is connected to the slip ring stator (101), and the height adjustment member (5) is used to adjust the height position of the slip ring rotor (102).

6. The three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device according to claim 5, characterized in that: At least two height adjustment members (5) are provided, and the at least two height adjustment members (5) are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction around the slip ring stator (101).

7. The three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Also includes: A control box (6) is provided, wherein an operation control module (601) is installed in the control box (6), and the operation control module (601) is communicatively connected with the first drive motor and the second drive motor (201).

8. The three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control box (6) is also integrated with an environment monitoring module (602), a communication module (603) and a data storage module (604).

9. The three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: A power supply box (7), the power supply box (7) is installed outside the tower, the power supply box (7) is externally connected to 220V AC power, and the power supply box (7) supplies power to the control box (6) through a cable (8).

10. The three-dimensional wind measurement laser radar device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The power box (7) is integrated with a power rectifier module (701), a power distribution module (702), a power monitoring module (703) and a power protection module (704).

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