An oiling equipment waste liquid treatment device and method

Abstract

The application discloses an oil agent equipment cleaning waste liquid treatment device and method, and relates to the field of oil agent waste liquid treatment. The device comprises an electric field demulsification mechanism in communication with a waste liquid pipe, wherein a pulse electrode is arranged in the electric field demulsification mechanism, a composite reactor is arranged on the downstream side of the electric field demulsification mechanism, an anaerobic bacteria area, a lower grid, a transverse partition plate, an upper grid and an aerobic bacteria area are arranged from bottom to top in the electric field demulsification mechanism, and the electric field demulsification mechanism is further provided with an aeration assembly, a monitoring and shunting system and a gas collecting mechanism. The treatment method comprises the following steps: electric field demulsification pretreatment, aeration, aerobic / anaerobic microbial degradation, multi-parameter monitoring and shunting treatment. According to the application, secondary pollution is avoided through pulse electric field demulsification, pollutants are degraded in stages by using an anaerobic-aerobic linkage circulation structure, real-time monitoring and intelligent shunting are combined, and the treatment efficiency is improved and the operation cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil waste treatment, and more particularly to an apparatus and method for treating oil equipment cleaning waste. Background Technology

[0002] In the production of oil-based chemicals and related chemical industries, equipment cleaning with oil-based agents generates a large amount of waste liquid containing high concentrations of grease, organic matter, and other pollutants. Direct discharge of this waste liquid would not only cause serious environmental pollution but could also harm ecosystems and human health; therefore, effective treatment is essential.

[0003] Traditional oily wastewater treatment processes mainly employ high-temperature demulsification and frequent chemical dosing, resulting in high energy consumption and operating costs. To address these issues, existing methods attempt to combine physical demulsification (such as ultrasonic demulsification) with chemical flocculation. While this reduces energy consumption to some extent, it still has significant drawbacks: ultrasonic equipment has high investment costs, the use of chemical flocculants can easily cause secondary pollution, and the improvement in treatment efficiency for high-concentration oily wastewater is limited, leading to a lack of significant reduction in overall operating costs.

[0004] In summary, how to reduce secondary pollution while ensuring the treatment efficiency of oily waste liquid and avoiding excessive operating costs has become a pressing technical challenge in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a wastewater treatment device for oil-based equipment cleaning, including an electric field demulsification mechanism connected to a wastewater pipe. The electric field demulsification mechanism has a built-in pulse electrode for disrupting the oil droplet interface film. A composite reactor is configured downstream of the electric field demulsification mechanism. Inside the composite reactor, from bottom to top, are arranged an anaerobic bacteria zone, a lower grid, a horizontal partition, an upper grid, and an aerobic bacteria zone. The horizontal partition has a lower partition that inserts downwards into the anaerobic bacteria zone and an upper partition that inserts upwards into the aerobic bacteria zone. A first inlet zone is located on one side of the lower partition and a first outlet zone on the other side. A second inlet zone is located on one side of the upper partition and a second outlet zone on the other side. The downstream side of the electric field demulsification mechanism is connected to the second inlet zone via an injection pipe, and the second inlet zone is equipped with an aeration component.

[0007] The composite reactor is equipped with a lower supply pipe connecting the second outlet zone and the first inlet zone, and an upper supply pipe connecting the first outlet zone and the second inlet zone. The lower supply pipe is sequentially equipped with an oxygen sensor, a COD sensor, a grease sensor, a reflux pipe, and a discharge pipe. The end of the reflux pipe is connected to the second inlet zone. A gas collection mechanism is also located on the outside of the composite reactor, consisting of a gas collection pipe connecting the top of the first inlet zone and the top of the first outlet zone.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the device of the present invention: the electric field demulsification mechanism is equipped with a pulse electric field generating module, and an oil skimmer is configured in the liquid surface area inside the electric field demulsification mechanism.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the device of the present invention: the first liquid inlet zone and the first liquid outlet zone are located between the lower grid and the transverse partition, and the second liquid inlet zone and the second liquid outlet zone are located between the upper grid and the transverse partition. The injection pipe and the upper liquid supply pipe are equipped with liquid pumps that supply liquid towards the second liquid inlet zone. The injection pipe, the lower liquid supply pipe, the return pipe, and the discharge pipe are each independently equipped with an electrically controlled valve. The electrically controlled valve of the lower liquid supply pipe is located downstream of the return pipe and the discharge pipe.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the device of the present invention: the aeration assembly includes an aeration pump, which is connected to a main air pipe. The main air pipe is connected to multiple aeration branch pipes, and the air outlet of each aeration branch pipe is inserted into the bottom of the second liquid inlet zone. The connection ports of the injection pipe and the upper liquid supply pipe to the second liquid inlet zone are both located higher than the air outlet of the aeration branch pipe.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the device of the present invention: both the lower liquid supply pipe and the upper liquid supply pipe are independently equipped with a one-way valve. The flow direction of the one-way valve of the lower liquid supply pipe is towards the first liquid inlet area, and the flow direction of the one-way valve of the upper liquid supply pipe is towards the second liquid inlet area.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the device of the present invention, the connection port between the reflux pipe and the second liquid inlet is higher than the connection port between the injection pipe and the second liquid inlet.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the device of the present invention: the gas collection mechanism is installed at a position higher than the top of the first liquid inlet zone and the first liquid outlet zone, and the connection port between the upper liquid supply pipe and the first liquid outlet zone is lower than the connection port between the gas collection pipe and the first liquid outlet zone.

[0014] This invention also provides a method for treating waste liquid from oil-based equipment cleaning, comprising the following:

[0015] S1. Waste liquid enters the electric field demulsification mechanism through the waste liquid pipe. The pulse electrode in the electric field demulsification mechanism destroys the oil droplet interface film through electrolysis, causing oil and water to separate. The upper layer of floating oil is collected by the oil skimmer, and the lower layer of waste liquid is discharged from the electric field demulsification mechanism after treatment.

[0016] S2. The waste liquid treated by the electric field demulsification mechanism enters the second inlet zone of the composite reactor through the injection pipe.

[0017] S3. In the second liquid inlet zone, the aeration pump of the aeration component supplies air to the bottom through the main air pipe and multiple aeration branch pipes to aerate the waste liquid.

[0018] S4. Waste liquid enters the aerobic bacteria zone from the second inlet zone through the upper screen, where microorganisms degrade organic matter.

[0019] S5. The treated waste liquid enters the second effluent zone from the aerobic bacteria zone, and then flows into the lower supply pipe. The lower supply pipe sequentially passes through an oxygen sensor, a COD sensor, and an oil sensor to monitor the oxygen content, COD concentration, and oil concentration of the waste liquid.

[0020] S6. Divert traffic based on monitoring results:

[0021] S6.1. If none of the three exceed the standard, the lower liquid supply pipe stops supplying liquid to the first liquid inlet area, the return pipe is closed, the discharge pipe is opened, and the waste liquid is discharged from the discharge pipe.

[0022] S6.2. If the oxygen content exceeds the standard, the lower liquid supply pipe stops supplying liquid to the first liquid inlet area, the discharge pipe is closed, the return pipe is opened, and the waste liquid is reinjected into the second liquid inlet area through the return pipe for a second aerobic bacterial reaction.

[0023] S6.3. If the oxygen content is not exceeded but the concentration of either of the other two exceeds the standard, the discharge pipe and return pipe are closed, and the lower supply pipe supplies liquid to the first inlet zone.

[0024] S7. The waste liquid enters the anaerobic bacteria zone through the first inlet zone. The microorganisms in the anaerobic bacteria zone decompose macromolecular organic matter, and the waste liquid after the reaction enters the first outlet zone from the anaerobic bacteria zone.

[0025] S8. The waste liquid in the first liquid outlet zone flows back to the second liquid inlet zone through the upper liquid supply pipe. At the same time, the N2 generated in the anaerobic bacteria zone is concentrated at the top of the first liquid inlet zone and the first liquid outlet zone and is discharged by the gas collection mechanism through the gas collection pipe.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0027] In this invention, a pulsed electrode generates a micro-electrolysis effect through a high-frequency pulsed electric field. This electric field disrupts the charge balance of the oil droplet interface film, causing the oil droplets to coalesce and float. This process eliminates the energy consumption of traditional high-temperature demulsification and avoids the secondary pollution problems associated with chemical demulsifiers. Simultaneously, the electrolysis process generates a small amount of oxygen, which is directly supplied to aerobic bacteria, precisely controlling byproducts and creating suitable conditions for subsequent anaerobic reactions.

[0028] In this invention, an anaerobic and aerobic bacterial zone is set up in layers inside the composite reactor. Through the anaerobic-aerobic linkage circulation composite structure, the graded degradation of pollutants such as organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus is achieved. With the help of real-time monitoring (oxygen sensor, COD sensor, and oil sensor) and intelligent diversion system (return pipe, discharge pipe, and lower liquid supply pipe), the waste liquid in the circulation process is ensured to be treated in a targeted manner, which protects the anaerobic-aerobic biochemical treatment environment and treatment efficiency, and achieves the goal of cost reduction and efficiency improvement in the treatment of oily waste liquid. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electric field demulsification mechanism, aeration component, upper liquid supply pipe, and gas collection mechanism in this invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the composite reactor and waste liquid discharge and circulation pipelines in this invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the composite reactor in this invention.

[0033] Wherein: 1-Composite reactor, 101-Horizontal baffle, 102-Lower baffle, 103-Upper baffle, 104-Lower grid, 105-Upper grid, 106-First inlet zone, 107-Anaerobic bacteria zone, 108-First outlet zone, 109-Second inlet zone, 110-Aerobic bacteria zone, 111-Second outlet zone; 2-Electric field demulsification mechanism, 201-Pulse electrode, 202-Oil scraper; 3-Waste liquid pipe; 4-Injection pipe; 5-Liquid pump; 6-Electrically controlled valve; 7-Lower supply pipe; 8-Oxygen sensor; 9-COD sensor; 10-Oil sensor; 11-Return pipe; 12-Discharge pipe; 13-One-way valve; 14-Upper supply pipe; 15-Gas collection pipe; 16-Gas collection mechanism; 17-Aeration pump; 18-Main gas pipe; 19-Aeration branch pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0035] Example 1: This invention designs a waste liquid treatment device for cleaning oil-based equipment, such as... Figure 1 The main components include a composite reactor 1, an electric field demulsification mechanism 2, a lower liquid supply pipe 7, an upper liquid supply pipe 14, a gas collection mechanism 16, and an aeration assembly, etc., with the specific structural configuration as follows:

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 The electric field demulsification mechanism 2 has a built-in pulse electrode 201 for breaking down the oil droplet interface film. An oil skimmer 202 is installed in the liquid surface area inside the electric field demulsification mechanism 2 to collect the floating oil layer in real time. The electric field demulsification mechanism 2 is externally connected to a waste liquid pipe 3, which introduces waste liquid to be treated into the electric field demulsification mechanism 2.

[0037] The pulse electrode 201 of the electric field demulsification mechanism 2 generates a micro-electrolysis effect through a high-frequency pulsed electric field. This effect disrupts the charge balance of the oil droplet interface film, causing the oil droplets to coalesce and float. A small amount of oxygen is generated during the electrolysis process, but it is not directly injected into the anaerobic bacteria zone 107. The oil skimmer 202 continuously collects the upper layer of floating oil, while the lower layer of waste liquid is treated and discharged. In the electric field demulsification mechanism 2, the pulsed electric field generation module controls the electric field strength, and the liquid level must ensure the effective operation of the oil skimmer 202.

[0038] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The composite reactor 1 is configured from bottom to top as follows: anaerobic bacteria zone 107, lower grid 104, transverse partition 101, upper grid 105, and aerobic bacteria zone 110.

[0039] The anaerobic bacteria zone 107 is located at the bottom of the composite reactor 1, separated from the first inlet zone 106 and the first outlet zone 108 by a lower baffle 102. It is used to decompose large molecular organic matter (such as long-chain oils and cellulose), denitrify bacteria for nitrogen removal, and polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria for phosphorus release. A lower grille 104 is located above the anaerobic bacteria zone 107, limiting the wastewater flow rate (≤0.1 m / s) to ensure sufficient contact with the anaerobic bacteria. The transverse baffle 101 also includes a lower baffle 102 inserted downwards into the anaerobic bacteria zone 107 and an upper baffle 103 inserted upwards into the aerobic bacteria zone 110, dividing the composite reactor 1 into multiple areas. An upper grille 105 is located below the aerobic bacteria zone 110, guiding the wastewater to flow evenly into the aerobic bacteria zone 110. The aerobic bacteria zone 110 is located at the top of the composite reactor 1, isolated by the upper baffle 103 to create an oxygen-rich environment. Aerobic bacteria degrade small molecular organic matter, nitrifying bacteria oxidize NH3-N, and polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria absorb excess phosphorus.

[0040] The first inlet zone 106 is located on one side of the lower partition 102 and is connected to the lower supply pipe 7, receiving the diverted waste liquid into the anaerobic bacteria zone 107. The first outlet zone 108 is located on the other side of the lower partition 102, collecting the waste liquid treated in the anaerobic bacteria zone 107 and returning it to the second inlet zone 109 through the upper supply pipe 14. The second inlet zone 109 is located on one side of the upper partition 103 and receives the waste liquid from the electric field demulsification mechanism 2 through the injection pipe 4.

[0041] The second liquid outlet zone 111 is located on the other side of the upper partition 103, where waste liquid from the aerobic bacteria zone 110 is collected and flows into the lower liquid supply pipe 7.

[0042] The injection pipe 4 connects the electric field demulsification mechanism 2 to the second liquid inlet zone 109, and is equipped with a liquid pump 5 and an electric control valve 6. The connection port of the injection pipe 4 is higher than the air outlet end of the aeration branch pipe 19.

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 3The lower liquid supply pipe 7 connects the second liquid outlet zone 111 and the first liquid inlet zone 106, and is sequentially equipped with an oxygen sensor 8, a COD sensor 9, and a grease sensor 10 (the three sensors comprehensively monitor waste liquid indicators), as well as a return pipe 11, a discharge pipe 12, and an electric control valve 6. The one-way valve 13 directs the flow towards the first liquid inlet zone 106 to prevent backflow.

[0044] The upper liquid supply pipe 14 connects the first liquid outlet zone 108 and the second liquid inlet zone 109, and is equipped with a liquid pump 5 and an electric control valve 6. The flow direction of the one-way valve 13 is towards the second liquid inlet zone 109. The connection port of the upper liquid supply pipe 14 is lower than the interface between the gas collecting pipe 15 and the first liquid outlet zone 108.

[0045] The end of the return pipe 11 is connected to the second liquid inlet zone 109. The interface of the return pipe 11 is higher than the interface of the injection pipe 4, so that the airflow injected by the aeration branch pipe 19 comes into contact with the waste liquid in the injection pipe 4 first. The waste liquid in the return pipe 11 has been aerated once before, and it is returned because the oxygen content exceeds the standard.

[0046] The discharge pipe 12 is used to discharge qualified waste liquid, and is connected to the lower liquid supply pipe 7, and is equipped with an electric control valve 6.

[0047] Aeration components consist of: such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 The system includes an aeration pump 17, a main air pipe 18, and multiple aeration branch pipes 19, with the air outlet of each aeration branch pipe 19 inserted into the bottom of the second liquid inlet zone 109. The aeration assembly supplies air to the bottom of the second liquid inlet zone 109, forming an upward gas-liquid mixture flow, improving aeration efficiency, providing oxygen for aerobic bacteria, and carrying oil droplets for aerobic bacteria to adsorb and degrade.

[0048] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 The gas collection mechanism 16 connects the top of the first liquid inlet zone 106 and the top of the first liquid outlet zone 108 via the gas collection pipe 15, and is installed above the tops of both zones. The gas collection mechanism 16 collects N2 and trace amounts of methane produced in the anaerobic bacteria zone 107, preventing gas accumulation that could lead to safety hazards.

[0049] Example 2: Based on the specific structural design in Example 1, this invention designs a method for treating waste liquid from oil-based equipment cleaning, the details of which are as follows:

[0050] Step 1: Electric Field Demulsification Pretreatment: Waste liquid enters the electric field demulsification mechanism 2 through waste liquid pipe 3. Pulse electrode 201 breaks down the oil droplet interface film through electrolysis, causing oil-water separation. The upper layer of floating oil is collected by oil skimmer 202, while the lower layer of waste liquid is treated and discharged from the electric field demulsification mechanism 2. The pulse electric field intensity needs to be adapted to the oil concentration of the waste liquid, and the operating frequency of oil skimmer 202 is adjusted according to the rate of floating oil accumulation.

[0051] Step 2: Waste liquid is introduced into the composite reactor: The waste liquid treated in Step 1 is transported to the second inlet zone 109 of the composite reactor 1 through injection pipe 4 and liquid pump 5, and the flow rate is controlled by electric control valve 6.

[0052] Step 3, Aeration Treatment: Aeration pump 17 supplies air to the bottom of the second liquid inlet zone 109 through the main air pipe 18 and aeration branch pipe 19 to aerate the waste liquid, increase the dissolved oxygen concentration (e.g., target 2-4 mg / L), provide oxygen for the subsequent microbial metabolism in the aerobic bacteria zone 110, and promote the degradation of organic matter.

[0053] Step 4: Aerobic bacteria degrade organic matter: The waste liquid enters the aerobic bacteria zone 110 through the upper screen 105, where aerobic bacteria decompose organic matter, and nitrifying bacteria oxidize NH3-N to NO3. - Polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria absorb excessive amounts of phosphorus.

[0054] Step 5, Multi-parameter monitoring: The treated waste liquid enters the second outlet zone 111 from the aerobic bacteria zone 110, and passes through the lower supply pipe 7 in sequence through the oxygen sensor 8 (monitoring dissolved oxygen), the COD sensor 9 (monitoring organic matter concentration), and the oil sensor 10 (monitoring oil content).

[0055] Emission standard reference indicators: dissolved oxygen ≤ 2.5 mg / L, COD ≤ 50 mg / L, oil ≤ 10 mg / L (can be adjusted according to emission standards).

[0056] Step Six: Triage Decision-Making Mechanism

[0057] Scenario 1: Direct discharge upon compliance: If none of the three indicators exceed the standard, the lower liquid supply pipe 7 stops supplying liquid to the first liquid inlet zone 106, the return pipe 11 is closed, the discharge pipe 12 is opened, and the waste liquid is discharged directly.

[0058] Scenario 2: Oxygen content exceeds the standard: If dissolved oxygen > 2.5 mg / L, it is determined that the aerobic reaction is insufficient. Close the discharge pipe 12 and the lower supply pipe 7, open the return pipe 11, and the waste liquid is returned to the second inlet zone 109.

[0059] Scenario 3: COD / Oil Exceeding Standards: If dissolved oxygen does not exceed the standard but COD or oil exceeds the standard, close the discharge pipe 12 and return pipe 11, open the lower liquid supply pipe 7, and the waste liquid enters the first liquid inlet zone 106, which is then directed to the anaerobic bacteria zone 107 for deep decomposition.

[0060] Step 7: Anaerobic Decomposition: The waste liquid enters the anaerobic bacteria zone 107 through the first inlet zone 106. Anaerobic bacteria decompose large organic molecules through hydrolysis and acidification. Denitrifying bacteria utilize the organic matter to decompose NO3. - The waste liquid is reduced to N2, and polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria release phosphorus. Furthermore, the waste liquid flows around the lower baffle 102, forming a "U-shaped" flow channel, extending the residence time and ensuring a complete reaction.

[0061] Step 8: Waste Liquid Recirculation and Gas Collection: The waste liquid from the first outlet zone 108 is recirculated to the second inlet zone 109 via the upper supply pipe 14 and the liquid pump 5, achieving gravity circulation using the liquid level difference, reducing energy consumption by approximately 15%. Simultaneously, N2 generated in the anaerobic bacteria zone 107 accumulates at the top of the first inlet zone 106 and the first outlet zone 108, and is discharged through the gas collection pipe 15 by the gas collection mechanism 16, achieving both safety and explosion-proof operation and resource recycling.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste liquid treatment device for cleaning oil-based equipment, characterized in that: The device includes an electric field demulsification mechanism (2) connected to a waste liquid pipe (3). The electric field demulsification mechanism (2) has a built-in pulse electrode (201). A composite reactor (1) is configured on the downstream side of the electric field demulsification mechanism (2). The composite reactor (1) is arranged from bottom to top as follows: anaerobic bacteria zone (107), lower grid (104), transverse partition (101), upper grid (105), and aerobic bacteria zone (110). The diaphragm (101) is provided with a lower diaphragm (102) for inserting downward into the anaerobic bacteria zone (107) and an upper diaphragm (103) for inserting upward into the aerobic bacteria zone (110). The lower diaphragm (102) is provided with a first liquid inlet zone (106) on one side and a first liquid outlet zone (108) on the other side. The upper diaphragm (103) is provided with a second liquid inlet zone (109) on one side and a second liquid outlet zone (111) on the other side. The downstream side of the electric field demulsification mechanism (2) is connected to the second liquid inlet zone (109) through the injection pipe (4), and the second liquid inlet zone (109) is equipped with an aeration component; The composite reactor (1) is provided with a lower supply pipe (7) connecting the second liquid outlet zone (111) and the first liquid inlet zone (106) and an upper supply pipe (14) connecting the first liquid outlet zone (108) and the second liquid inlet zone (109) on the outside. The lower supply pipe (7) is provided with an oxygen sensor (8), a COD sensor (9), an oil sensor (10), a reflux pipe (11), and a discharge pipe (12) in sequence. The end of the reflux pipe (11) is connected to the second liquid inlet zone (109). The composite reactor (1) is equipped with a gas collection mechanism (16) on the outside, and the gas collection mechanism (16) is equipped with a gas collection pipe (15) that connects the top of the first liquid inlet zone (106) and the top of the first liquid outlet zone (108).

2. The oil-based equipment cleaning wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric field demulsification mechanism (2) is equipped with a pulse electric field generating module, and an oil skimmer (202) is configured in the liquid surface area inside the electric field demulsification mechanism (2).

3. The oil-based equipment cleaning wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first liquid inlet area (106) and the first liquid outlet area (108) are located between the lower grid (104) and the transverse partition (101), and the second liquid inlet area (109) and the second liquid outlet area (111) are located between the upper grid (105) and the transverse partition (101); The injection pipe (4) and the upper liquid supply pipe (14) are equipped with a liquid pump (5) that supplies liquid to the second liquid inlet area (109). The injection pipe (4), the lower liquid supply pipe (7), the return pipe (11), and the discharge pipe (12) are each independently equipped with an electric control valve (6). The electrically controlled valve (6) of the lower liquid supply pipe (7) is located downstream of the return pipe (11) and the discharge pipe (12).

4. The oil-based equipment cleaning wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aeration assembly includes an aeration pump (17), which is connected to a main air pipe (18). The main air pipe (18) is connected to a plurality of aeration branch pipes (19), and the air outlet of the aeration branch pipes (19) is inserted into the bottom of the second liquid inlet area (109). The connection ports of the injection pipe (4) and the second liquid inlet area (109) and the upper liquid supply pipe (14) and the second liquid inlet area (109) are both located higher than the air outlet of the aeration branch pipe (19).

5. The oil-based equipment cleaning wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower liquid supply pipe (7) and the upper liquid supply pipe (14) are each independently equipped with a one-way valve (13). The flow direction of the one-way valve (13) of the lower liquid supply pipe (7) is towards the first liquid inlet area (106), and the flow direction of the one-way valve (13) of the upper liquid supply pipe (14) is towards the second liquid inlet area (109).

6. The oil-based equipment cleaning wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection point between the return pipe (11) and the second liquid inlet (109) is higher than the connection point between the injection pipe (4) and the second liquid inlet (109).

7. The oil-based equipment cleaning wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas collection mechanism (16) is installed at a position higher than the top of the first liquid inlet zone (106) and the first liquid outlet zone (108), and the connection port of the upper liquid supply pipe (14) and the first liquid outlet zone (108) is lower than the connection port of the gas collection pipe (15) and the first liquid outlet zone (108).

8. A method for treating wastewater from oil-based equipment cleaning, applied to the wastewater treatment device for oil-based equipment cleaning as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following: S1. Waste liquid enters the electric field demulsification mechanism (2) through the waste liquid pipe (3). The pulse electrode (201) in the electric field demulsification mechanism (2) destroys the oil droplet interface film through electrolysis, causing oil and water to separate into layers. The upper layer of floating oil is collected by the oil scraper (202), and the lower layer of waste liquid is discharged from the electric field demulsification mechanism (2) after treatment. S2. The waste liquid treated by the electric field demulsification mechanism (2) enters the second liquid inlet zone (109) of the composite reactor (1) through the injection pipe (4). S3. In the second liquid inlet zone (109), the aeration pump (17) of the aeration component supplies air to the bottom through the main air pipe (18) and multiple aeration branch pipes (19) to aerate the waste liquid. S4. The waste liquid enters the aerobic bacteria zone (110) from the second inlet zone (109) through the upper screen (105), where microorganisms degrade organic matter. S5. The treated waste liquid enters the second outlet zone (111) from the aerobic bacteria zone (110), and then flows into the lower supply pipe (7). The lower supply pipe (7) sequentially passes through the oxygen sensor (8), COD sensor (9), and oil sensor (10) to monitor the oxygen content, COD concentration, and oil concentration of the waste liquid. S6. Divert traffic based on monitoring results: S6.

1. If none of the three exceed the standard, the lower liquid supply pipe (7) stops supplying liquid to the first liquid inlet area (106), the return pipe (11) is closed, the discharge pipe (12) is opened, and the waste liquid is discharged from the discharge pipe (12); S6.

2. If the oxygen content exceeds the standard, the lower supply pipe (7) stops supplying liquid to the first inlet area (106), the discharge pipe (12) is closed, the return pipe (11) is opened, and the waste liquid is reinjected into the second inlet area (109) through the return pipe (11) for a second aerobic bacterial reaction. S6.

3. If the oxygen content is not exceeded but the concentration of either of the other two exceeds the standard, the discharge pipe (12) and the return pipe (11) are closed, and the lower supply pipe (7) supplies liquid to the first inlet area (106); S7. The waste liquid enters the anaerobic bacteria zone (107) through the first inlet zone (106). The microorganisms in the anaerobic bacteria zone (107) decompose macromolecular organic matter, and the waste liquid after the reaction enters the first outlet zone (108) from the anaerobic bacteria zone (107). S8. The waste liquid in the first liquid outlet zone (108) is returned to the second liquid inlet zone (109) through the upper liquid supply pipe (14). At the same time, the N2 generated by the anaerobic bacteria zone (107) is concentrated at the top of the first liquid inlet zone (106) and the first liquid outlet zone (108), and is discharged by the gas collection mechanism (16) through the gas collection pipe (15).

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