A method and device for identifying gravity flow types in a terrestrial rifted lake basin

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a method and device for identifying gravity flow type of continental rift lake basin, and relates to the technical field of geological exploration. The method for identifying gravity flow type of continental rift lake basin comprises: obtaining three-dimensional seismic data, core data and logging data of a target area; the three-dimensional seismic data comprises seismic reflection structure and seismic slope; the core data comprises lithofacies characteristics, sedimentary structure, sedimentary sequence and particle size distribution characteristics; based on the three-dimensional seismic data, the core data and the logging data, as well as the characteristics of flood-type gravity flow and the characteristics of slumping-type gravity flow, the gravity flow type of the target area is determined; the gravity flow type is verified based on sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification; and in response to the verification passing, the gravity flow type is determined as the target gravity flow type of the target area. Thus, the defects of single parameter and insufficient verification in the traditional identification method are overcome, and the identification efficiency and accuracy of the gravity flow type are significantly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of geological exploration, and particularly relates to a method and device for identifying the type of gravity flow in a terrestrial rifted lake basin. BACKGROUND

[0002] In oil and gas exploration in a terrestrial rifted lake basin, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to accurately identify the type of gravity flow. The types of gravity flow include flood-type gravity flow and slump-type gravity flow. First, the reservoir characteristics of these two types of gravity flow are significantly different. Flood-type gravity flow often forms continuously distributed turbidite sand bodies, which are well sorted and have high porosity (usually greater than 15%), and are high-quality targets for conventional oil and gas reservoirs. Slump-type gravity flow often develops lens-shaped sand and mud mixed reservoirs with strong heterogeneity, but the fracture development area can become a very sweet spot for unconventional oil and gas. If the type of gravity flow is misjudged, it will lead to the failure of target area selection, for example, if the slump body is mistaken for turbidite sand body, the drilling may be inefficient or ineffective due to the discontinuity of the reservoir. Second, the sedimentary mechanisms and disaster risks of these two types of gravity flow are different. Flood-type gravity flow has a long transport distance and can cause deep-water sedimentary overpressure. Slump-type gravity flow is closely related to slope instability, is strong in suddenness and can destroy the integrity of the cap rock. Accurate identification of the type of gravity flow can provide a basis for engineering facility site selection and geological disaster warning. In addition, the development strategies of these two types of gravity flow need to be adjusted. Flood-type reservoirs are suitable for horizontal wells and continuous fracturing, while slump-type reservoirs need directional wells to communicate fracture networks. Misjudgment of the type of gravity flow will lead to the failure of the development plan or a sharp increase in cost. Finally, from the perspective of resource evaluation, the resource quantity of flood-type sand bodies is calculated by relying on the continuous volume model, while the contribution of fractures needs to be quantified for slump-type sand bodies. Misjudgment of the type of gravity flow may lead to a deviation in reserve estimation.

[0003] Traditional methods for identifying the origin of gravity flow analyze the distribution of long axis directions of clastic particles in sandstone thin sections to identify the origin of deep-water gravity flow deposition. However, this method has a single parameter and relies only on single core data, which is difficult to fully reflect the differences in the deposition process and has the limitations of static analysis, lacks dynamic simulation and coupling verification of geological processes, resulting in a high risk of multiple solutions and difficulty in accurately identifying the type of gravity flow. SUMMARY

[0004] The present disclosure provides a method and device for identifying the type of gravity flow in a terrestrial rifted lake basin to at least solve the above technical problems in the prior art.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a method for identifying gravity flow types of a continental rift lake basin is provided, including: obtaining three-dimensional seismic data, core data and logging data of a target area; the three-dimensional seismic data includes seismic reflection structure and seismic slope; the core data includes lithofacies characteristics, sedimentary structure, sedimentary sequence and particle size distribution characteristics; the logging data includes natural gamma logging data and resistivity logging data; determining the gravity flow type of the target area based on the three-dimensional seismic data, the core data and the logging data, and characteristics of flood-type gravity flow and characteristics of slump-type gravity flow; verifying the gravity flow type based on sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification; and in response to the verification passing, determining the gravity flow type as a target gravity flow type of the target area.

[0006] In an implementation, the characteristics of the flood-type gravity flow include: a seismic minimum slope angle between 0.2° and 3°; a seismic reflection structure of steep slope zone whisked reflection structure and continuous progradation reflection; a lithofacies characteristic of mixed matrix supported sandy conglomerate, a gravel roundness satisfying a roundness standard, and containing plant clasts; a sedimentary structure of one of normal gradation bedding, inverse gradation bedding, parallel bedding, cross-bedding, and imbricate structure; a sedimentary sequence of binary structure from inverse grain sequence to positive grain sequence, capable of developing a complete Bouma sequence; a particle size distribution characteristic of a histogram in bimodal form and a cumulative probability curve in two-step form; and logging data of a resistivity curve in weak denting high amplitude box type and / or bell type.

[0007] In an implementation, the characteristics of the slump-type gravity flow include: a seismic minimum slope angle between 3° and 8°; a seismic reflection structure of slump base surface reflection termination and liquefaction deformation zone; a lithofacies characteristic of mudstone clasts in massive sandstone and moderate sorting; a sedimentary structure of one of slump structure, enveloping bedding, liquefaction deformation structure, and water escape structure; a sedimentary sequence of incomplete sequence and incapable of being described by a Bouma sequence; a particle size distribution characteristic of a histogram in normal unimodal form and a cumulative probability curve in arch form; and logging data of a natural gamma curve in high amplitude sawtooth form and a resistivity fluctuation greater than a fluctuation threshold.

[0008] In an implementation, the verification of the gravity flow type based on sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification includes: for the flood-type gravity flow, simulating a flood injection process by using a KINE3D turbulent flow model, a flow velocity being stabilized at 0.8-1.2 m / s and a duration being greater than 6 hours, and a concentration gradient being less than 5% / km, if a simulation result conforms to geological laws and physical model constraints of the flood-type gravity flow, the sedimentary process simulation verification passes; a seismic inversion verification result showing that a wave impedance inversion result continuity satisfies a target condition and extends far, the seismic inversion verification passes; and through thin section identification and geochemical analysis methods, it is determined that a chlorite coating has a development advantage, the reservoir microscopic verification passes.

[0009] In an implementation, the verifying the gravity flow type based on the deposition process simulation, the seismic inversion verification and the reservoir microscopic verification comprises: for the slump type gravity flow, adopting the Bingham plastic flow model to simulate the slope instability, the peak flow velocity being greater than 1.5 m / s, and the sediment concentration suddenly dropping, if the simulation result meets the characteristics of the slump type gravity flow, the deposition process simulation verification is passed; the seismic inversion verification result shows that the wave impedance inversion result presents a lenticular distribution, and the continuity does not meet the target condition, then the seismic inversion verification is passed; through the thin section identification and the geochemical analysis method, it is determined that the probability of the chlorite envelope appearing is less than a target threshold, and the development is limited, then the reservoir microscopic verification is passed.

[0010] In an implementation, the seismic reflection structure comprises a brush-shaped progradation reflection and a slump base surface reflection termination type; the lithofacies feature comprises a miscellaneous base supporting sandy conglomerate and a massive sandstone with mudstone blocks; the sedimentary structure comprises a gradational bedding and a slump deformation structure; the grain size distribution feature comprises a bimodal type and a unimodal type; the resistivity logging data comprises a box type, a bell type and a sawtooth shape.

[0011] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, a device for determining a gravity flow type of a continental rift lake basin is provided, comprising: an acquisition module configured to acquire three-dimensional seismic data, core data and logging data of a target area; the three-dimensional seismic data comprises seismic reflection structure and seismic slope; the core data comprises lithofacies feature, sedimentary structure, sedimentary sequence and grain size distribution feature; the logging data comprises natural gamma logging data and resistivity logging data; a determination module configured to determine the gravity flow type of the target area based on the three-dimensional seismic data, the core data and the logging data, and characteristics of a flood type gravity flow and characteristics of a slump type gravity flow; a verification module configured to verify the gravity flow type based on deposition process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification; the determination module is further configured to determine the gravity flow type as a target gravity flow type of the target area in response to the verification passing.

[0012] In an implementation, the characteristics of the flood type gravity flow comprise: a seismic minimum slope angle is between 0.2° and 3°; a seismic reflection structure is a steep slope zone brush-shaped reflection structure and a continuous progradation reflection; a lithofacies feature is a miscellaneous base supporting sandy conglomerate, a gravel roundness meeting a roundness standard and containing plant clasts; a sedimentary structure is one of a positive gradational bedding, an inverse gradational bedding, a parallel bedding, an interlaced bedding and a tilted structure; a sedimentary sequence is a binary structure from inverse grain sequence to positive grain sequence, and can develop a complete Bouma sequence; a grain size distribution feature is a histogram in a bimodal type and a cumulative probability curve in a two-stage step type; logging data is a resistivity curve in a weak toothed high amplitude box type and / or a bell type.

[0013] In an embodiment, the characteristics of the slump-type gravity flow include: a seismic minimum slope angle of 3-8°; a seismic reflection structure of a slump base surface reflection termination and a liquefied deformation zone; a lithofacies characteristic of a blocky sandstone with interbedded mudstone fragments and moderate sorting; a sedimentary structure of one of a slump structure, an enveloping bedding, a liquefied deformation structure, and a water escape structure; a sedimentary sequence of an incomplete sequence that cannot be described by a Bauma sequence; a grain size distribution characteristic of a normal unimodal histogram and an arched cumulative probability curve; and well logging data of a medium-high amplitude sawtooth-shaped natural gamma curve and a fluctuation greater than a fluctuation threshold.

[0014] In an embodiment, the verification module is further configured to: for the flood-type gravity flow, simulate a flood injection process using a KINE3D turbulent flow model, with a flow velocity stabilized at 0.8-1.2 m / s and a duration greater than 6 hours, and a concentration gradient less than 5% / km, and if the simulation result meets the geological rules and physical model constraints of the flood-type gravity flow, the deposition process simulation verification is passed; and if a seismic inversion verification result shows that a wave impedance inversion result continuity meets a target condition and extends far, the seismic inversion verification is passed; and if a green clay coating is determined to have a development advantage through thin section identification and geochemical analysis methods, the reservoir microscopic verification is passed.

[0015] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising:

[0016] at least one processor;

[0017] and a memory connected to the at least one processor in communication; wherein,

[0018] the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of the present disclosure.

[0019] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions is provided, the computer instructions being used to cause the computer to perform the method of the present disclosure.

[0020] The method comprises the following steps: acquiring three-dimensional seismic data, core data and logging data of a target area; the three-dimensional seismic data comprises seismic reflection structure and seismic slope; the core data comprises lithofacies characteristics, sedimentary structure, sedimentary sequence and particle size distribution characteristics; the logging data comprises natural gamma logging data and resistivity logging data; determining the gravity flow type of the target area based on the three-dimensional seismic data, the core data and the logging data, and characteristics of a flood-type gravity flow and characteristics of a slump-type gravity flow; verifying the gravity flow type based on sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification; and determining the gravity flow type as a target gravity flow type of the target area in response to the verification passing. Thus, the defects of single parameter and insufficient verification in the traditional discrimination method are overcome, and the discrimination efficiency and accuracy of the gravity flow type are significantly improved. In the method, the information of multiple data sources is comprehensively utilized through the cooperation of multiple parameters, and the multi-solution risk is reduced; the reliability of the discrimination result is enhanced through the coupling of dynamic verification and static verification, and the geological static characteristics are verified by numerical simulation; and the microscopic parameters such as chlorite coating provide a key basis for oil and gas reservoir evaluation through reservoir microscopic verification.

[0021] It should be understood that the content described in this part is not intended to identify key or important features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be more apparent from the following detailed description read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0023] In the drawings, identical or corresponding reference numerals indicate identical or corresponding parts.

[0024] Figure 1 A flowchart of a gravity flow type discrimination method for a continental rift lake basin according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0025] Figure 2 Lithofacies characteristics and sedimentary structure of well Nai 1 in an embodiment of the present disclosure are shown;

[0026] Figure 3 Lithofacies characteristics and sedimentary structure of well Nai 17 in an embodiment of the present disclosure are shown;

[0027] Figure 4 A particle size probability cumulative curve diagram of the 1910.6m Jiu Futtang Formation III sand group of well Nai 1 in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0028] Figure 5A grain size probability cumulative curve of the 2399.4m sand group of the Jiufotang Formation IV in the Nai 17 well in the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0029] Figure 6 A wave impedance inversion profile and a sedimentary facies profile in a steep slope zone in the embodiment of the present application are shown;

[0030] Figure 7 A wave impedance inversion profile and a sedimentary facies profile in a gentle slope zone in the embodiment of the present application are shown;

[0031] Figure 8 A characteristic diagram of a chlorite coating of a gravity flow reservoir of the Jiufotang Formation in the Naiman Sag under a scanning electron microscope in the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0032] Figure 9 A structure schematic diagram of a gravity flow type discrimination device of a continental fault-lacustrine basin in the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0033] Figure 10 A component structure schematic diagram of an electronic device in the embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the objectives, characteristics and advantages of the present disclosure more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 1 A flow schematic diagram of a gravity flow type discrimination method of a continental fault-lacustrine basin in the embodiment of the present application is shown, as shown in Figure 1 The gravity flow type discrimination method of the continental fault-lacustrine basin comprises the following steps:

[0036] In step S101, three-dimensional seismic data, core data and logging data of a target area are acquired.

[0037] In the embodiment, the three-dimensional seismic data includes seismic reflection structure and seismic slope; the core data includes lithofacies characteristics, sedimentary structure, sedimentary sequence and grain size distribution characteristics; the logging data includes natural gamma ray logging data and resistivity logging data. The target area can be a continental faulted lake basin, and the three-dimensional seismic data of the target area can be obtained by using seismic exploration technology. The three-dimensional seismic data reveals the structure of the underground strata through the reflection and refraction characteristics of the seismic wave when it propagates underground. Specifically, the three-dimensional seismic data includes seismic reflection structure such as broom-shaped progradation reflection and slump base surface reflection termination type, and seismic slope parameters reflecting the inclination and shape of the strata. The core samples can be obtained by drilling and analyzed in detail. The core data reflects the depositional environment, hydrodynamic condition, source characteristics and diagenetic evolution of the strata. The logging data can be collected during drilling, including natural gamma ray and resistivity curve shape characteristics. The natural gamma ray logging data reflects the radioactivity of the strata, and the resistivity logging data provides electrical information of the strata. The logging data is crucial for identifying reservoir characteristics and fluid saturation.

[0038] In step S102, the gravity flow type of the target area is determined based on the three-dimensional seismic data, the core data and the logging data, and the characteristics of the flood-type gravity flow and the characteristics of the slump-type gravity flow.

[0039] In the embodiment, the gravity flow type of the target area can be determined by multi-parameter fusion discrimination based on the three-dimensional seismic data, the core data and the logging data, and the characteristics of the flood-type gravity flow and the characteristics of the slump-type gravity flow. In an example, if the three-dimensional seismic data, the core data and the logging data are more consistent with the characteristics of the flood-type gravity flow, the gravity flow type of the target area is the flood-type gravity flow; if the three-dimensional seismic data, the core data and the logging data are more consistent with the characteristics of the slump-type gravity flow, the gravity flow type of the target area is the slump-type gravity flow.

[0040] In step S103, the gravity flow type is verified based on sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir micro-verification.

[0041] In the embodiment, the gravity flow type obtained in step S102 can be verified by combining sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir micro-verification. The sedimentary process simulation verifies the rationality of the gravity flow type by simulating the transport and deposition process of the sediment. The seismic inversion verification verifies the seismic characteristics of the gravity flow type by using the seismic data inversion result. The reservoir micro-verification verifies the reservoir characteristics of the gravity flow type by analyzing the microstructure and geochemical characteristics of the core samples.

[0042] In step S104, the gravity flow type is determined as the target gravity flow type of the target area in response to the verification passing.

[0043] In this embodiment, if the gravity flow type is consistent with the results of sedimentation process simulation, seismic inversion verification, and reservoir microscopic verification, then the gravity flow type is determined as the target gravity flow type for the target area.

[0044] In this disclosure, by comprehensively utilizing 3D seismic data, core data, and well logging data, combined with sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion verification, and reservoir microscopic verification, the gravity flow type is finally determined. This overcomes the shortcomings of traditional discrimination methods, such as single parameters and insufficient verification, and significantly improves the discrimination efficiency and accuracy of gravity flow type. Specifically, by using multi-parameter synergy, information from multiple data sources is integrated, reducing the risk of multiple solutions; by coupling dynamic and static verification, numerical simulation is used to verify the static geological characteristics, enhancing the reliability of the discrimination results; and through reservoir microscopic verification, microscopic parameters such as chlorite coating provide key basis for oil and gas reservoir evaluation.

[0045] In another embodiment, the "characteristics of flood-type gravity flow" in step S102 include:

[0046] The minimum slope angle for earthquakes is between 0.2° and 3°. In flood-type gravity flows, because sediments are deposited under relatively low energy conditions, the minimum slope angle reflected on seismic profiles is usually small, between 0.2° and 3°.

[0047] The seismic reflection structure is characterized by a broom-like reflection structure on steep slopes and continuous progradational reflections. Flood-type gravity flows may exhibit broom-like reflection structures on steep slopes in seismic profiles, reflecting the depositional characteristics of sediments on steep slopes. Simultaneously, continuous progradational reflections indicate that sediments were continuously deposited during flood events, forming a continuous reflective layer.

[0048] The lithofacies characteristics are matrix-supported sandstone and conglomerate, with gravel rounded to the required degree of roundness and containing plant debris. Flood-type gravity flows typically exhibit lithofacies characteristics including matrix-supported sandstone and conglomerate, composed of grains of varying sizes, with well-rounded gravel indicating long-distance transport. Furthermore, the lithofacies may contain plant debris, evidence of organic matter deposited by the flood.

[0049] The sedimentary structures are one of the following: normal graded bedding, reverse graded bedding, parallel bedding, cross-bedding, or imbricate structures. Flood-type gravity flows have diverse sedimentary structures, which may include normal graded bedding (grain size gradually decreases from bottom to top), reverse graded bedding (grain size gradually increases), parallel bedding, cross-bedding, or imbricate structures.

[0050] The sedimentary sequence is a binary structure from reverse grading to normal grading, which can develop a complete Bouma sequence. The sedimentary sequence of flood-type gravity flow usually transitions from reverse grading (large particle size at the bottom, small particle size at the top) to normal grading, forming a binary structure, and possibly developing a complete Bouma sequence. The Bouma sequence is a standard turbidite sedimentary sequence, including five phases: A phase (erosion base), B phase (massive sandstone), C phase (reverse grading sandstone), D phase (normal grading sandstone), and E phase (mudstone cap).

[0051] The grain size distribution characteristics are bimodal histogram and two-step cumulative probability curve. The grain size distribution characteristics of flood-type gravity flow usually show bimodal distribution on the histogram, which reflects the existence of two different particle size populations in the sediment. The two-step cumulative probability curve indicates that there is a clear particle size boundary in the sediment.

[0052] The logging data is weakly toothed high-amplitude box-shaped and / or bell-shaped resistivity curve. The logging data of the flood-type gravity flow region may show that the resistivity curve has weak toothed characteristics, that is, the resistivity changes less and the resistivity value is higher, forming a box-shaped or bell-shaped curve. These electrical characteristics are related to the high porosity and permeability reservoir of flood-type gravity flow deposition.

[0053] In the present disclosure, by the characteristics of flood-type gravity flow, clear standards and methods are provided for identifying flood-type gravity flow. These characteristics include multi-aspect analysis of seismic, core and logging data, which helps to improve the accuracy of gravity flow type identification. In addition, the identification of these characteristics helps to better understand the depositional environment and dynamics of flood-type gravity flow, providing important geological information for oil and gas exploration and development.

[0054] In another embodiment, the "characteristics of slump-type gravity flow" in step S102 include:

[0055] The minimum slope angle on the seismic profile is between 3° and 8°. Slump-type gravity flow is usually associated with steeper slopes, so the minimum slope angle on its seismic profile is larger, generally between 3° and 8°.

[0056] The seismic reflection structure is a slump base surface reflection termination, liquefaction deformation zone. Slump-type gravity flow may exhibit base surface reflection termination on the seismic profile, which is usually caused by the rapid accumulation of sediments on the slope. In addition, the presence of liquefaction deformation zone indicates the plastic flow of sediments during sliding. For example, the seismic profile shows that the base surface reflection suddenly terminates, accompanied by signs of liquefaction deformation, which may be an indication of slump-type gravity flow.

[0057] The lithofacies feature is that the sandstone is mixed with mudstone fragments. The lithofacies feature of the slump-type gravity flow may include that the sandstone is mixed with mudstone fragments. This structure reflects the mixing of sediments during the sliding process. The moderate sorting indicates that the sediments have not been transported and sorted for a long distance before deposition.

[0058] The sedimentary structure is one of the slump structure, the enveloping bedding, the liquefaction deformation structure, and the escape structure. The sedimentary structure of the slump-type gravity flow may include the slump structure, the enveloping bedding, the liquefaction deformation structure, or the escape structure. These structures reflect the dynamic behavior of sediments during the sliding and accumulation process.

[0059] The sedimentary sequence is incomplete and cannot be described by the Bauma sequence. The sedimentary sequence of the slump-type gravity flow is usually incomplete and cannot be described by the Bauma sequence. This indicates that there are more disturbances and discontinuities in the deposition process.

[0060] The grain size distribution feature is that the histogram is normal unimodal, and the cumulative probability curve is arched. The grain size distribution feature of the slump-type gravity flow is usually normal unimodal on the histogram, and the cumulative probability curve is arched. These features reflect the relative uniformity of the grain size of the sediments during the deposition process.

[0061] The logging data is a high-amplitude sawtooth-shaped natural gamma curve, and the resistivity fluctuation is greater than the fluctuation threshold. The logging data of the slump-type gravity flow area may show a high-amplitude sawtooth-shaped natural gamma curve, and the resistivity fluctuation is significant. These electrical characteristics are related to the complexity and heterogeneity of the slump-type gravity flow deposition.

[0062] In the present disclosure, through the characteristics of the slump-type gravity flow, clear standards and methods are provided for identifying the slump-type gravity flow. These characteristics include the multi-aspect analysis of seismic, core and logging data, which helps to improve the accuracy of the gravity flow type identification. In addition, the identification of these characteristics helps to better understand the depositional environment and dynamic process of the slump-type gravity flow, providing important geological information for oil and gas exploration and development.

[0063] In another embodiment, the step S103 "verifying the gravity flow type based on the sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion verification, and reservoir microscopic verification" includes:

[0064] For the flood-type gravity flow, the KINE3D turbulent flow model is used to simulate the flood injection process, the flow rate is stable at 0.8-1.2 m / s and the duration is greater than 6 hours, and the concentration gradient is less than 5% / km. If the simulation result meets the geological rules and physical model constraints of the flood-type gravity flow, the sedimentary process simulation verification is passed;

[0065] The seismic inversion verification result shows that the wave impedance inversion result continuity meets the target condition and extends far, and the seismic inversion verification is passed;

[0066] Through slice identification and geochemical analysis methods, it is determined that chlorite coating has a development advantage, and then the reservoir microscopic verification is passed.

[0067] In this embodiment, in the verification of flood-type gravity flow, KINE3D turbulent flow model is first used to simulate the flood injection process. KINE3D turbulent flow model can simulate the fluid dynamics behavior, including the change of flow velocity and sediment concentration. In the simulation, the flow velocity is between 0.8 and 1.2 meters per second, and the flow velocity is maintained for more than 6 hours, while the concentration gradient is less than 5% / km. If the simulation result meets the geological rules and physical model constraints of flood-type gravity flow, the deposition process simulation verification is passed.

[0068] In this embodiment, the inversion results of seismic data can also be analyzed, especially the continuity of wave impedance. If the wave impedance inversion result shows good continuity and extends far, it indicates that the seismic characteristics are consistent with the expected characteristics of flood-type gravity flow, and thus the verification is passed.

[0069] In this embodiment, slice identification and geochemical analysis can also be performed on core samples to determine the development degree of chlorite coating. The presence and development degree of chlorite coating can reflect the depositional environment and fluid properties. If the analysis result shows that chlorite coating has a development advantage, which is consistent with the depositional environment of flood-type gravity flow, the reservoir microscopic verification is passed.

[0070] In another embodiment, the step S103 of "verifying the type of gravity flow based on deposition process simulation, seismic inversion verification, and reservoir microscopic verification" comprises:

[0071] For slump-type gravity flow, Bingham plastic flow model is used to simulate slope instability, peak flow velocity is greater than 1.5 m / s, and sediment concentration drops sharply, if the simulation result meets the characteristics of slump-type gravity flow, the deposition process simulation verification is passed;

[0072] The seismic inversion verification result shows that the wave impedance inversion result presents a lenticular distribution, and the continuity does not meet the target condition, then the seismic inversion verification is passed;

[0073] Through slice identification and geochemical analysis methods, it is determined that the probability of chlorite coating appearing is less than the target threshold, and the development is limited, then the reservoir microscopic verification is passed.

[0074] In this embodiment, in the verification of slump-type gravity flow, Bingham plastic flow model is used to simulate the slope instability process. This model is suitable for describing the behavior of high flow velocity and high concentration fluid. In the simulation, the peak flow velocity is set to be greater than 1.5 meters per second, and the sharp drop of sediment concentration is observed, which is consistent with the depositional characteristics of slump-type gravity flow, indicating that the deposition process simulation verification is passed.

[0075] In this embodiment, the inversion results of seismic data, especially the distribution of wave impedance, also need to be analyzed. If the wave impedance inversion results show a lenticular distribution and the continuity does not meet the target conditions, that is, the continuity is not good, it indicates that the seismic characteristics are consistent with the expected characteristics of the slump type gravity flow, thereby verifying the pass.

[0076] In this embodiment, thin section identification and geochemical analysis of core samples are also required to determine the occurrence probability and development degree of chlorite coating. If the analysis results show that the occurrence probability of chlorite coating is less than the target threshold and the development is limited, which is consistent with the sedimentary environment of the slump type gravity flow, therefore, the reservoir microscopic verification passes.

[0077] In this disclosure, through sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification, a comprehensive gravity flow type verification method is provided. Not only the accuracy and reliability of gravity flow type discrimination are improved, but also the geological applicability of the results is enhanced through multi-step verification. In addition, this method helps to optimize exploration strategy, reduce exploration cost, and improve the discovery rate and development efficiency of oil and gas resources.

[0078] In another embodiment, the seismic reflection structure includes a broom-shaped progradation reflection and a slump base surface reflection termination type; the lithofacies feature includes a miscellaneous base-supported sandstone conglomerate and a massive sandstone with mudstone fragments; the sedimentary structure includes a gradational bedding and a slump deformation structure; the grain size distribution feature includes a bimodal and a unimodal; and the resistivity logging data includes a box-shaped, a bell-shaped and a sawtooth-shaped.

[0079] In this embodiment, the seismic reflection structure includes a broom-shaped progradation reflection and a slump base surface reflection termination type, wherein the broom-shaped progradation reflection structure is usually related to the flood type gravity flow, which is manifested as a series of continuous reflection layers inclined to the basin direction on the seismic profile. This structure reflects the characteristics of rapid deposition of sediments under high energy conditions. In practical application, the identification of this reflection structure can indicate the existence of the flood type gravity flow. The slump base surface reflection termination type is related to the slump type gravity flow, which is manifested as the sudden termination or onlap of the base surface reflection on the seismic profile. This structure reflects the rapid accumulation of sediments during the slope instability process. In seismic data interpretation, the identification of this reflection termination type helps to confirm the deposition of the slump type gravity flow.

[0080] In this embodiment, the lithofacies feature includes a miscellaneous base-supported sandstone conglomerate and a massive sandstone with mudstone fragments, wherein the miscellaneous base-supported sandstone conglomerate usually indicates a high-energy sedimentary environment, such as the flood type gravity flow; the massive sandstone with mudstone fragments may be related to the slump type gravity flow, which is manifested as the mudstone fragments in the massive sandstone.

[0081] In the embodiment, the sedimentary structure includes graded bedding and slump deformation structure. The graded bedding is likely to be related to flood-type gravity flow, and shows gradual change from coarse grain to fine grain, and the grain size gradually decreases with the decrease of energy during the deposition. The slump deformation structure is related to slump-type gravity flow, and shows the folding, fracture and other deformation characteristics of the rock layer.

[0082] In the embodiment, the grain size distribution characteristics include bimodal and unimodal. The bimodal grain size distribution characteristics are likely to indicate the existence of two different grain size sediment populations, and are common in flood-type gravity flow. The unimodal grain size distribution characteristics are likely to be related to slump-type gravity flow, and show uniform grain size distribution.

[0083] In the embodiment, the resistivity logging data include box type, bell type and sawtooth type. The box type resistivity curve shape is likely to be related to flood-type gravity flow, and reflects the reservoir characteristics of high porosity and high permeability. The bell type resistivity curve shape is likely to indicate the change of fluid saturation in the reservoir, and is common in the reservoir deposited by flood-type gravity flow. The sawtooth type resistivity curve shape is likely to be related to slump-type gravity flow, and reflects the complexity of sand-shale interbedding in the reservoir.

[0084] In order to facilitate the understanding of the method for identifying the type of gravity flow in a continental rift lake basin in the present disclosure, the following takes the identification of the type of gravity flow in the Jiufotang Formation in the northern Naiman Sag as an example to explain the present disclosure:

[0085] 1. Data acquisition and feature extraction

[0086] Three-dimensional seismic data analysis: Landmark software is used to extract seismic attributes of the target layer (lower Jiufotang Formation), and calculate the paleotopographic gradient. Based on the dip scan algorithm (Dip Scan), the time slice T22 (corresponding to the top surface of the lower Jiufotang Formation) is selected, and the slope of the western steep slope zone is identified as 10.8°-13.9°, with an average slope of 12.5°; the slope of the eastern gentle slope zone ranges from 5.6° to 7.4°, with an average slope of 6.8°. The western steep slope zone is identified along the NW-SE (northwest-southeast) direction, and the base surface reflection onlap point is clear; the eastern gentle slope zone is identified along the SE-NW (southeast-northwest) direction, and the continuous progradation reflection characteristics are identified.

[0087] Core data analysis: Figure 2 The core data analysis shows that the core of well Nai1 (1904.8-1913.6m) in the western steep slope zone shows that the core includes deformed bedding containing tuffaceous argillaceous sandstone 1, deformed bedding argillaceous sandstone 2, enwrapped bedding argillaceous sandstone 3 and argillaceous sandstone 4. Figure 2 The core data analysis shows that the core of well Nai1 (1904.8-1913.6m) in the western steep slope zone shows that the core includes deformed bedding containing tuffaceous argillaceous sandstone 1, deformed bedding argillaceous sandstone 2, enwrapped bedding argillaceous sandstone 3 and argillaceous sandstone 4. Figure 4 The core data analysis shows that the core of well Nai1 (1904.8-1913.6m) in the western steep slope zone shows that the core includes deformed bedding containing tuffaceous argillaceous sandstone 1, deformed bedding argillaceous sandstone 2, enwrapped bedding argillaceous sandstone 3 and argillaceous sandstone 4.Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the histogram of well Nai 1 shows single-peak normal distribution characteristics, and the cumulative probability curve of particle size shows wide and slow arch one-segment or three-segment distribution as the main characteristics. Figure 3 The figure shows the lithofacies characteristics and sedimentary structure of well Nai 17 in the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the core of well Nai 17 (2392.9-2404.4m) in the eastern gentle slope zone shows that the core includes miscellaneous base support imbricated fine gravel 5 and 6, miscellaneous base support cross-bedding fine gravel 7, and miscellaneous base support massive fine gravel 8. Figure 5 The figure shows the cumulative probability curve of particle size of the Ⅳ sand group of Jiufotang Formation at 2399.4m of well Nai 17 in the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in the figure. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the histogram of well Nai 17 shows bimodal or even multimodal state, and the cumulative probability curve of particle size shows two-segment characteristics with moderate slope, and the complete Bouma sequence is developed.

[0088] Logging data analysis: The natural gamma (GR) curve of the coring well Nai 1 in the western steep slope zone fluctuates in a sawtooth shape. The resistivity (RT) of the coring well Nai 17 in the eastern gentle slope zone shows a high-amplitude box type (amplitude difference 25Ω·m), corresponding to an average RT=35Ω·m of the sand body section and RT=8Ω·m of the mudstone section. The negative abnormal amplitude of the spontaneous potential (SP) of the sand body section reaches 40mV, reflecting the characteristics of high permeability.

[0089] 2. Multi-parameter fusion discrimination

[0090] In the western steep slope zone, the slope range on the three-dimensional seismic data is 10.8°-13.9°, and the average slope is 12.5°, which is relatively large and has the condition of developing slump-type gravity flow. The basement surface reflection onlap points along the NW-SE direction are clear, belonging to the characteristics of slump-type gravity flow. The core data show that the wrapped bedding argillaceous sandstone, deformed bedding argillaceous sandstone containing tuffaceous argillaceous sandstone, deformed bedding argillaceous sandstone, and mudstone tearing clastic sandstone, etc. are consistent with the typical lithofacies and sedimentary structure characteristics of slump-type gravity flow. The histogram shows single-peak normal distribution characteristics, and the cumulative probability curve of particle size shows wide and slow arch one-segment or three-segment distribution as the main characteristics, indicating that the jumping population and the suspended population have high mixing degree, which is consistent with the particle size characteristics of slump-type gravity flow. On the logging data, the natural gamma (GR) curve of well Nai 1 fluctuates in a sawtooth shape, reflecting that the sand and mud interbed is frequent, which belongs to the characteristics of slump-type gravity flow. Based on the above, the multi-parameter fusion discriminates that the western steep slope zone develops slump-type gravity flow.

[0091] The slope range of the three-dimensional seismic data in the eastern gentle slope zone is 5.6°-7.4°, the average slope is 6.8°, the slope is relatively small, the conditions for developing flood-type and slumping-type gravity flows are met, and the continuous progradation reflection characteristics in the SE-NW direction are identified, which are consistent with the flood-type gravity flow; the core shows that the miscellaneous base supporting imbricated fine gravel, the miscellaneous base supporting cross-bedding fine gravel and the miscellaneous base supporting massive fine gravel and the like, the lithofacies and sedimentary structure characteristics are consistent with the characteristics of the flood-type gravity flow; the sedimentary sequence is also consistent with the characteristics of the slumping-type gravity flow, and a complete Bouma sequence is developed; the histogram presents a double-peak or even multi-peak state, and the particle size cumulative probability curve presents a two-section feature with a medium slope, which is consistent with the sedimentary characteristics of the flood-type gravity flow; on the logging data, the resistivity (RT) of the Nai 17 well presents a high-amplitude box type (amplitude difference 25 Ω·m), the average RT of the sand body section is 35 Ω·m, the RT of the mudstone section is 8 Ω·m; the negative abnormal amplitude of the natural potential sand body section reaches 40 mV, reflecting the high permeability characteristics, which is also consistent with the sedimentary characteristics of the flood-type gravity flow. The above multi-parameter fusion is used to distinguish the development of the flood-type gravity flow in the eastern gentle slope zone.

[0092] 3. Dynamic-static cross-validation

[0093] In this embodiment, the above determination results are verified through seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification.

[0094] On the seismic inversion, the vertical distribution characteristics of the gravity flow of different genetic mechanisms in the Jufotang Formation in the to-be-measured area are revealed through the wave impedance inversion work results. Figure 6 The wave impedance inversion profile and the sedimentary facies profile in the steep slope zone in the embodiment of the application are shown as follows, Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the fan delta front sand body on the slope in the western steep slope zone presents a retrogradation style, the front end of the front sand body is distributed in the bottom of the slope and the downthrown side of the synsedimentary fault in a lenticular shape, and the continuity is poor, which is consistent with the characteristics of the slumping-type gravity flow sand body. Figure 7 The wave impedance inversion profile and the sedimentary facies profile in the gentle slope zone in the embodiment of the application are shown as follows, Figure 7 As shown in the figure, it can be seen from the wave impedance inversion profile that the sand body continuity in the eastern gentle slope zone is good, and the sand body extends from the slope to the trough, which is formed by the combination of the braided river delta front sand body and the flood-type gravity flow sand body.

[0095] On the reservoir microscopic characteristics, Figure 8 The greenalite coating feature graph of the gravity flow reservoir in the Jufotang Formation in the Naiman Sag under the scanning electron microscope in the embodiment of the application is shown as follows, Figure 8As shown, flocculent chlorite envelopes 9 are observed at 1982.4 m in the eastern gentle slope zone of Well Nai 17 by scanning electron microscopy, needle leaf chlorite envelopes 10 are observed at 1984 m, bamboo leaf chlorite envelopes 11 are observed at 2394.5 m, and needle leaf chlorite envelopes 12 are observed at 2396.1 m, and no quartz secondary enlargement phenomenon is observed. No chlorite envelope phenomenon is observed in the coring well in the western steep slope zone.

[0096] Through the above three-stage coupling architecture, comprehensive verification of seismic data, core data, logging data, and seismic inversion can determine that the western steep slope zone develops a slump type gravity flow, and the eastern gentle slope zone develops a flood type gravity flow.

[0097] Figure 9 Fig. 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of a gravity flow type discrimination device for a continental rift lake basin according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 9 As shown, a gravity flow type discrimination device for a continental rift lake basin includes:

[0098] The acquisition module 90 is configured to acquire three-dimensional seismic data, core data, and logging data of a target region; the three-dimensional seismic data includes seismic reflection structure and seismic slope; the core data includes lithofacies characteristics, sedimentary structure, sedimentary sequence, and particle size distribution characteristics; the logging data includes natural gamma logging data and resistivity logging data;

[0099] The determination module 91 is configured to determine a gravity flow type of the target region based on the three-dimensional seismic data, the core data, and the logging data, and characteristics of the flood type gravity flow and characteristics of the slump type gravity flow.

[0100] The verification module 92 is configured to verify the gravity flow type based on sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion verification, and reservoir microscopic verification.

[0101] The determination module 91 is further configured to determine the gravity flow type as a target gravity flow type of the target region in response to the verification passing.

[0102] In an implementable manner, the characteristics of the flood type gravity flow include: the seismic minimum slope angle is between 0.2° and 3°; the seismic reflection structure is a steep slope zone whisk-shaped reflection structure and continuous progradation reflection; the lithofacies characteristics are miscellaneous base-supported sandy conglomerate, roundness of conglomerate meets the roundness standard, and contain plant clasts; the sedimentary structure is one of positive gradation bedding, inverse gradation bedding, parallel bedding, cross-bedding, and imbricate structure; the sedimentary sequence is a binary structure from inverse grain sequence to positive grain sequence, and can develop a complete Bouma sequence; the particle size distribution characteristics are that a histogram is bimodal and a cumulative probability curve is two-step; and the logging data is that a resistivity curve is weak-toothed high-amplitude box-shaped and / or bell-shaped.

[0103] In an implementation, the characteristics of the slump-type gravity flow include: a seismic minimum slope angle of 3-8°; a seismic reflection structure of a slump base surface reflection termination, a liquefied deformation zone; a lithofacies characteristic of a massive sandstone with interbedded mudstone fragments; a sedimentary structure of one of a slump structure, an enveloping bedding, a liquefied deformation structure, and a water escape structure; a sedimentary sequence of an incomplete sequence that cannot be described by a Bauma sequence; a particle size distribution characteristic of a normal unimodal histogram and an arched cumulative probability curve; and well logging data of a medium-high amplitude sawtooth-shaped natural gamma curve and a fluctuation greater than a fluctuation threshold.

[0104] In an implementation, the verification module 92 is further configured to: for the flood-type gravity flow, simulate a flood injection process by using a KINE3D turbulent flow model, a flow velocity is stabilized at 0.8-1.2 m / s and a duration is greater than 6 hours, a concentration gradient is less than 5% / km, and if a simulation result meets geological rules and physical model constraints of the flood-type gravity flow, a sedimentation process simulation verification is passed; a seismic inversion verification result shows that a continuity of a wave impedance inversion result meets a target condition and is extended far, and a seismic inversion verification is passed; and a reservoir microcosmic verification is passed by determining that a chlorite coating has a development advantage through thin section identification and geochemical analysis methods.

[0105] In an implementation, the verification module 92 is further configured to: for the slump-type gravity flow, simulate a slope instability by using a Bingham plastic flow model, a peak flow velocity is greater than 1.5 m / s, and a sediment concentration suddenly drops, and if a simulation result meets characteristics of the slump-type gravity flow, a sedimentation process simulation verification is passed; a seismic inversion verification result shows that a wave impedance inversion result presents a lenticular distribution and a continuity does not meet a target condition, and a seismic inversion verification is passed; and a reservoir microcosmic verification is passed by determining that a chlorite coating has an appearance probability less than a target threshold value and is limited in development through thin section identification and geochemical analysis methods.

[0106] In an implementation, the seismic reflection structure includes a brush-shaped progradation reflection and a slump base surface reflection termination type; the lithofacies characteristic includes a mixed matrix supporting sandy conglomerate and massive sandstone with interbedded mudstone fragments; the sedimentary structure includes a gradational bedding and a slump deformation structure; the particle size distribution characteristic includes a bimodal type and a unimodal type; and the resistivity well logging data includes a box type, a bell type, and a sawtooth shape.

[0107] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the present disclosure further provides an electronic device and a readable storage medium.

[0108] Figure 10A schematic block diagram of an example electronic device 800 that can be used to implement embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present disclosure described and / or claimed herein.

[0109] like Figure 10 As shown, the electronic device 800 includes a computing unit 801, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on a computer program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 802 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 808 into a random access memory (RAM) 803. The RAM 803 may also store various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 800. The computing unit 801, ROM 802, and RAM 803 are interconnected via a bus 804. An input / output (I / O) interface 805 is also connected to the bus 804.

[0110] Multiple components in electronic device 800 are connected to I / O interface 805, including: input unit 806, such as keyboard, mouse, etc.; output unit 807, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; storage unit 808, such as disk, optical disk, etc.; and communication unit 809, such as network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. Communication unit 809 allows electronic device 800 to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0111] The computing unit 801 can be various general and / or special purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 801 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various specialized artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The computing unit 801 performs various methods and processes described above, such as a method for identifying gravity flow types of a continental rift-lacustrine basin. For example, in some embodiments, a method for identifying gravity flow types of a continental rift-lacustrine basin can be implemented as a computer software program tangibly embodied in a machine-readable medium, such as the storage unit 808. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed onto the electronic device 800 via the ROM 802 and / or the communication unit 809. When the computer program is loaded onto the RAM 803 and executed by the computing unit 801, one or more steps of a method for identifying gravity flow types of a continental rift-lacustrine basin described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 801 can be configured to perform a method for identifying gravity flow types of a continental rift-lacustrine basin by any other suitable means, such as by means of firmware.

[0112] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above can be realized in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuitry, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system on a chip (SOC), a programmable logic device (CPLD), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations can include implementation in one or more computer programs that are executable and / or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be special or general purpose, coupled to receive data and instructions from, and to transmit data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.

[0113] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The program code can be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, produces a means for implementing the functions / acts specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. The program code can be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0114] In the context of the present disclosure, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that contains or stores a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium can include but is not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the machine-readable storage medium will include one or more lines of electrical connections, portable computer disks, hard disk drives, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disc read-only memories (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0115] To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described here can be implemented on a computer having a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which the user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices can be used to provide for interaction with a user as well; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input.

[0116] The systems and techniques described here can be implemented in a computing system that includes a back end component (e.g., as a data server), or that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or that includes a front end component (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a Web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described here), or any combination of such back end, middleware, or front end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), and the Internet.

[0117] The computer system can include clients and servers. This relationship can be. The servers are typically remote from the clients with the interactions typically occurring over the network. The relationship between client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other. The servers can be cloud servers, servers of a distributed system, or servers incorporating blockchain.

[0118] It should be understood that the various forms of flow shown above can be used to reorder, add, or remove steps. For example, the steps described in the present disclosure can be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solutions of the present disclosure can be achieved, which are not limited herein.

[0119] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present disclosure, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0120] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present disclosure, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for identifying the gravity flow type of a continental rifted lake basin, characterized in that, The method comprises: acquiring three-dimensional seismic data, core data and logging data of a target area; the three-dimensional seismic data comprises seismic reflection structure and seismic slope; the core data comprises lithofacies characteristics, sedimentary structure, sedimentary sequence and particle size distribution characteristics; the logging data comprises natural gamma ray logging data and resistivity logging data; determining the gravity flow type of the target area based on the three-dimensional seismic data, core data and logging data, and characteristics of flood-type gravity flow and characteristics of slump-type gravity flow; verifying the gravity flow type based on sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification; in response to the verification passing, determining the gravity flow type as a target gravity flow type of the target area; wherein the verifying the gravity flow type based on sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification comprises: for the flood-type gravity flow, simulating the flood injection process by using a KINE3D turbulent flow model, the flow velocity is stabilized at 0.8-1.2 m / s and the duration is greater than 6 hours, and the concentration gradient is less than 5% / km, if the simulation result meets the geological law and physical model constraints of the flood-type gravity flow, the sedimentary process simulation verification passes; the seismic inversion verification result shows that the continuity of the wave impedance inversion result meets the target condition and extends far, then the seismic inversion verification passes; determining that the chlorite coating has a development advantage by means of thin section identification and geochemical analysis method, then the reservoir microscopic verification passes; wherein the verifying the gravity flow type based on sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification comprises: for the slump-type gravity flow, simulating the slope instability by using a Bingham plastic flow model, the peak flow velocity is greater than 1.5 m / s, and the sediment concentration drops suddenly, if the simulation result meets the characteristics of the slump-type gravity flow, the sedimentary process simulation verification passes; the seismic inversion verification result shows that the wave impedance inversion result presents a lenticular distribution, and the continuity does not meet the target condition, then the seismic inversion verification passes; determining that the chlorite coating appears with a probability less than a target threshold value and is limited in development by means of thin section identification and geochemical analysis method, then the reservoir microscopic verification passes.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The characteristics of the flood-type gravity flow comprise: the seismic minimum slope angle is between 0.2° and 3°; the seismic reflection structure is a whisk-shaped reflection structure of an abrupt slope zone and a continuous progradation reflection; the lithofacies characteristics are miscellaneous base-supported sandy conglomerate, conglomerate roundness meeting the roundness standard, and containing plant clasts; the sedimentary structure is one of positive gradation bedding, inverse gradation bedding, parallel bedding, cross-bedding and imbricate structure; the sedimentary sequence is a binary structure from inverse grain sequence to positive grain sequence, and can develop a complete Bouma sequence; the particle size distribution characteristics are that the histogram is bimodal and the cumulative probability curve is two-step; the logging data is a resistivity curve in the form of weak denting high amplitude box and / or bell.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The characteristics of the slump-type gravity flow comprise: the seismic minimum slope angle is between 3° and 8°; the seismic reflection structure is a reflection termination of a slump base surface and a liquefaction deformation zone; the lithofacies characteristics are mudstone blocks in massive sandstone and medium sorting; The sedimentary structure is one of a slump structure, an enveloping bedding, a liquefaction deformation structure, and a drainage structure; The sedimentary sequence is not complete and cannot be described by a Bauma sequence; The grain size distribution feature is that a histogram is normal unimodal and a cumulative probability curve is arch-shaped; The logging data is a middle-high amplitude sawtooth-shaped natural gamma curve and a resistance rate fluctuation greater than a fluctuation threshold.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The seismic reflection structure comprises a brush-shaped progradation reflection and a slump base surface reflection termination type; The lithofacies feature comprises a miscellaneous base supporting sandy conglomerate and massive sandstone with mudstone fragments; The sedimentary structure comprises a progressive bedding and a slump structure; The grain size distribution feature comprises a bimodal and a unimodal; The resistance rate logging data comprises a box type, a bell type and a sawtooth shape.

5. A device for determining the gravity flow type of a continental rifted lake basin, characterized in that, The device comprises: an acquisition module, configured to acquire three-dimensional seismic data, core data and logging data of a target region; the three-dimensional seismic data comprises seismic reflection structure and seismic slope; the core data comprises lithofacies feature, sedimentary structure, sedimentary sequence and grain size distribution feature; the logging data comprises natural gamma logging data and resistance rate logging data; a determination module, configured to determine a gravity flow type of the target region based on the three-dimensional seismic data, the core data and the logging data, and features of a flood-type gravity flow and features of a slump-type gravity flow; a verification module, configured to verify the gravity flow type based on sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification; the determination module is further configured to determine the gravity flow type as a target gravity flow type of the target region in response to the verification passing; the verification module is further configured to: for the flood-type gravity flow, simulate a flood injection process by using a KINE3D turbulent flow model, a flow rate is stabilized at 0.8-1.2 m / s and a duration is greater than 6 hours, a concentration gradient is less than 5% / km, and if a simulation result meets geological laws and physical model constraints of the flood-type gravity flow, the sedimentary process simulation verification passes; if a seismic inversion verification result shows that a wave impedance inversion result continuity meets a target condition and extends far, the seismic inversion verification passes; if a green clay coating has a development advantage determined by a slice identification and geochemical analysis method, the reservoir microscopic verification passes; for the slump-type gravity flow, simulate a slope instability by using a Bingham plastic flow model, a peak flow rate is greater than 1.5 m / s, and a sediment concentration suddenly drops, and if a simulation result meets features of the slump-type gravity flow, the sedimentary process simulation verification passes; if a seismic inversion verification result shows that a wave impedance inversion result presents a lenticular distribution and continuity does not meet a target condition, the seismic inversion verification passes; if a green clay coating has an appearance probability less than a target threshold value and development is limited determined by a slice identification and geochemical analysis method, the reservoir microscopic verification passes. The features of the flood-type gravity flow comprise:

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein, a seismic minimum slope angle is between 0.2° and 3°; a seismic reflection structure is a steep slope brush-shaped reflection structure and a continuous progradation reflection; a lithofacies feature is a miscellaneous base supporting sandy conglomerate, a gravel roundness meets a roundness standard, and plant clastic is contained. ​ The sedimentary structure is one of the following: normal grading bedding, reverse grading bedding, parallel bedding, cross bedding, and imbricate structure; The sedimentary sequence is a binary structure from reverse grain sequence to normal grain sequence, and a complete Bouma sequence can be developed; The grain size distribution characteristics are that the histogram is bimodal, and the cumulative probability curve is two-step; The well logging data are that the resistivity curve is weak-toothed high-amplitude box-shaped and / or bell-shaped.

7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The characteristics of the slump-type gravity flow include: The seismic minimum slope angle is between 3° and 8°; The seismic reflection structure is a reflection termination of a slump base surface and a liquefaction deformation zone; The lithofacies characteristics are that the blocky sandstone is interbedded with mudstone blocks and has moderate sorting; The sedimentary structure is one of the following: slump structure, enwrapped bedding, liquefaction deformation structure, and water escape structure; The sedimentary sequence is not complete and cannot be described by a Bouma sequence; The grain size distribution characteristics are that the histogram is normal unimodal, and the cumulative probability curve is arch-shaped; The well logging data are that the natural gamma ray curve is medium-high amplitude sawtooth-shaped, and the resistivity fluctuation is greater than the fluctuation threshold.

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