Detection method and system based on resource reuse in wind profile radar

Abstract

The invention discloses a detection method and system based on resource reuse in a wind profile radar, and relates to the field of meteorological radar detection, and the detection method comprises the steps: dividing all detection beams of the wind profile radar into two polarization directions; the radar beam direction is controlled to be periodically switched in a polarization multiplexing mode in different detection modes of different detection periods, and atmosphere three-dimensional wind field information is generated according to a complete detection data set inversion wind profile obtained in each detection period; and from the first detection mode of the second detection period, inverting a wind profile according to a complete detection data set formed by the detection data of the wave beams of the current detection mode and a plurality of continuous detection modes before the current detection mode in a time data sequence multiplexing manner to generate atmosphere three-dimensional wind field information. According to the method, the purpose of prolonging the service life of the polarization switch can be achieved by reducing the switching frequency of the polarization switch of the wind profile radar, meanwhile, the purpose of encrypted observation is achieved by improving the time resolution of the wind profile radar through time data sequence multiplexing, and therefore the detection performance of the wind profile radar is comprehensively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of meteorological radar detection, and in particular to a detection method and system based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar. Background Art

[0002] Wind profiler radar is a remote sensing sensing device that uses atmospheric turbulence as its main tracer. It can detect the three-dimensional atmospheric wind field and related information within a certain range with high temporal and spatial resolution. As an important supplement to traditional wind measurement methods and equipment, it plays a wide range of roles in the field of meteorological support.

[0003] Wind profiler radar usually measures wind in the form of a five-beam cyclic detection system: top beam, north beam, east beam, south beam, and west beam. In some literature, these five beams are also referred to as "top beam, north beam, east beam, south beam, and west beam." The five-beam wind measurement diagram is shown below. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the switching order of the five beams has been adjusted in some literature, but the switching order of the beams within each detection cycle and detection mode is fixed. The polarization switch must be involved in the entire beam switching process. For different models of mainstream domestic wind profiler radars, the beam switching interval ranges from a few seconds to tens of seconds. Because wind profiler radars need to operate 24 / 7, the polarization switch must also be switched 24 / 7. The upper limit of the polarization switch switching frequency is generally within 2 million to 5 million times. Long-term and frequent switching shortens the actual service life of the polarization switch. Currently, the service life of wind profiler radars in the industry is generally 8 years or more. Traditional beam control and polarization switch switching processes are not sufficient to support the stable operation of wind profiler radars throughout their life cycle.

[0004] In the field of wind profiler radar, the time required to generate a complete set of detection data and invert the wind profile is called temporal resolution. Under current technology, a wind profiler typically generates a complete set of detection data after completing detections in all beams across all detection modes within a single detection cycle. Therefore, the duration of the detection cycle in current technology limits the temporal resolution. For scenarios requiring intensified observations, the temporal resolution limited by the detection cycle is insufficient, and wind profiler radars need to provide data products with higher temporal resolution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present application proposes a detection method and system based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar.

[0006] A detection method based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar, the detection method comprising:

[0007] All J detection beams of the wind profiler radar are divided into two polarization directions. The radar beam direction is periodically switched in different detection modes in different detection cycles using polarization multiplexing. The detection data of the jth beam in the i-th detection mode in any detection cycle are obtained. The integer parameters 1≤i≤I and 1≤j≤J are integer parameters. I is the number of detection modes contained in a single detection cycle.

[0008] The wind profile is retrieved from the complete detection data set consisting of the detection data of all beams in all detection modes in each detection cycle to generate the atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information, as well as:

[0009] (a) When dual-mode or multi-mode wind measurement is used, starting from the first detection mode of the second detection cycle, wind profiles are retrieved from a complete detection data set consisting of the detection data of the beams of the current detection mode and several consecutive detection modes before it, in a time data sequence multiplexing manner to generate atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information;

[0010] (b) When single-mode wind measurement is used, starting from the second detection cycle, the wind profile is inverted from the completed detection data set composed of the detection data of all beams in the first polarization direction of the current detection cycle and the detection data of all beams in the other polarization direction of the previous detection cycle in a time data sequence multiplexing manner to generate the atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information.

[0011] The beneficial technical effect of the present application is: the present application adopts polarization multiplexing to perform beam switching, and then combines it with time data sequence multiplexing to invert the wind profile. The wind profile data generation time interval obtained by the wind profile radar inversion is shorter than the traditional scheme, thereby being able to improve the time resolution of the wind profile radar on the basis of reducing the switching frequency of the wind profile radar polarization switch. Compared with the traditional method, this method can reduce the switching frequency of the wind profile radar polarization switch by 75%, thereby extending the service life of the polarization switching switch by about 300%, thereby enhancing the stability of the beam switching process of the wind profile radar during long-term use, and the time resolution of the data generated by the wind profile radar is improved by an average of about 50% to 66%, thereby improving the performance of the wind profile radar.

[0012] A further technical solution is to control the direction of the radar beam in a polarization multiplexing manner for periodic switching, including:

[0013] During the detection process of any detection mode, the wind profiler radar beam is sequentially switched to each beam of the first polarization direction and the detection process of each beam is completed, then the wind profiler radar beam is sequentially switched to each beam of the second polarization direction and the detection process of each beam is completed, and then the wind profiler radar beam is switched to the next detection mode; in the next detection mode, the wind profiler radar beam is sequentially switched to all beams with the same second polarization direction as the current one and the detection process of each beam is completed, then the wind profiler radar beam is sequentially switched to all beams of the first polarization direction and the detection process of each beam is completed;

[0014] Wherein, when J=5, the beams in one of the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction obtained by division include a top beam, a north beam, and a south beam, and the beams in the other polarization direction include a west beam and an east beam; or, the beams in one of the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction obtained by division include a north beam and a south beam, and the beams in the other polarization direction include a top beam, a west beam, and an east beam; when J=3, the beams in one of the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction obtained by division include a top beam and an east / west beam, and the beams in the other polarization direction include a north / south beam; Alternatively, the beam in one of the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction obtained by division includes an east / west beam, and the beam in the other polarization direction includes a top beam and a north / south beam; when I=1, a single detection cycle includes one detection mode, and the current detection mode and the previous detection mode are the same mode in different detection cycles; when I≥2, a single detection cycle includes multiple detection modes executed in sequence according to the mode cycle order, and the current detection mode and the previous detection mode are different detection modes in the same detection cycle, or the current detection mode and the previous detection mode are different detection modes in different detection cycles.

[0015] A further technical solution is that the detection method further includes:

[0016] When performing polarization switch switching control during beam switching, after issuing the switching command to the polarization switch for the first time, monitor the response of the polarization switch;

[0017] When the polarization switch does not switch normally, the switching command is reissued until the polarization switch switches normally or the number of consecutive switching commands reaches a threshold.

[0018] The beneficial effect of the above-mentioned further technical solution is that when the number of switching times of the polarization switch reaches the upper limit of use or the reliability is reduced, when the polarization switch does not respond normally to the first switching command issued, the reliability of the polarization switch response can be effectively improved by increasing the number of switching commands issued, thereby further extending the actual service life of the polarization switch and improving the reliability of the wind profiler radar beam switching.

[0019] A further technical solution is that the detection method further includes:

[0020] In each pulse repetition period of each beam, after radiating the radio frequency signal into the air through the antenna according to the transmit pulse width τ' and waiting for a time period t0 as a non-sampling time including a guard time slot, the atmospheric echo signal received by the antenna is sampled according to the sampling time interval τ to obtain multiple sampling signal data and processed to obtain the detection data of the beam. The transmit pulse width τ' is greater than the sampling time interval τ.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned further technical solution are: saving the feeder network resources of the transceiver channels through time division multiplexing of the transceiver channels, and improving the radar echo signal strength through spatial echo signal multiplexing. The use of time division multiplexing of the transceiver channels can save about 50% of the feeder network resources of the transceiver channels compared to the method of separating the transceiver channels.

[0022] A further technical solution is to sample the atmospheric echo signal received by the antenna at the sampling time t n Perform the nth sampling to obtain the n Sampling signal data of altitude layer s n :

[0023]

[0024] Where s n represents the nth sampling signal data, c represents the speed of light, h represents the radial distance in the detection direction, and f(h) represents the distribution function of the atmospheric echo line density in the detection direction with the radial distance

[0025] A further technical solution is to receive the sampling time interval of the echo signal Where ΔH represents the height resolution, and the duration of the transmit pulse width τ' is 1.5 to 4 times the sampling time interval τ.

[0026] The beneficial effect of the above-mentioned further technical solution is that because the atmospheric wind field is continuous and the atmospheric wind field detected by the wind profiler radar is a volume target, when the wind profiler radar echo signal-to-noise ratio is very weak, this solution can appropriately increase the length of the transmission pulse width while not changing the received signal sampling time interval so that adjacent echo signal integration intervals have a multiplexing relationship. This can achieve the effect of improving the strength and signal-to-noise ratio of the wind profiler radar echo signal by approximately 2dB to 6dB without affecting the spatial resolution of the detected data product, thereby improving the wind profiler radar's detection power and data acquisition rate. At the same time, the bandwidth occupied by the transmitted signal will be correspondingly narrowed, thereby reducing the wind profiler radar's demand for spectrum resources. By combining four aspects of resource reuse, namely polarization multiplexing, time division multiplexing of transceiver channels, spatial echo signal multiplexing, and time data sequence multiplexing, the phased array wind profiler radar can extend the service life of the polarization switching switch by about 300%, save about 50% of the transceiver channel feeder network resources, increase the radar echo signal strength by about 2dB to 6dB, and enhance the time resolution by about 50% to 66%, thereby comprehensively improving the detection performance of the wind profiler radar.

[0027] A further technical solution is that when the number of detection modes included in a single detection cycle is I=1 and single-mode wind measurement is adopted, inverting the wind profile in a time data sequence multiplexing manner includes:

[0028] The first wind profile retrieval is performed based on the complete sounding data set consisting of the sounding data of all J beams in two polarization directions in the first sounding cycle;

[0029] For any x-th detection cycle with x≥2, when the x-th detection cycle first switches the beams of the first polarization direction and then switches the beams of the second polarization direction in sequence, after completing the detection process of the beams of the first polarization direction of the detection mode of the x-th detection cycle, the wind profile is inverted for the 2nd (x-1) time according to the complete detection data set composed of the detection data of the beams of the first polarization direction under the detection mode of the x-th detection cycle and the detection data of the beams of the second polarization direction under the detection mode of the x-1-th detection cycle; and after completing the detection of the beams of the second polarization direction of the detection mode of the x-th detection cycle, the wind profile is inverted for the 2nd (x-1)+1 time according to the complete detection data set composed of the detection data of all J beams under the two polarization directions under the detection mode of the x-th detection cycle.

[0030] The beneficial effect of the above further technical solution is that the time resolution of the wind profiler radar when using a single-mode wind measurement can be improved by about 50% on average.

[0031] A further technical solution is that when the number of detection modes included in a single detection cycle is I ≥ 2 and dual-mode or multi-mode wind measurement is adopted, inverting the wind profile in a time data series multiplexing manner includes:

[0032] The first wind profile retrieval is performed based on the complete sounding data set consisting of the sounding data of all J beams in all I sounding modes in the first sounding cycle;

[0033] For any x-th detection cycle with x≥2, starting from i=1, after the x-th detection cycle completes the detection process of all J beams in the i-th detection mode, the I(x-2)+(i+1)-th inversion wind profile is performed based on the complete detection data set consisting of the detection data of all J beams in the first i detection modes in the x-th detection cycle according to the mode cycle order and the detection data of all J beams in the last Ii detection modes in the x-1-th detection cycle according to the mode cycle order; let i=i+1 and repeat until i=I.

[0034] The beneficial effect of the above further technical solution is that the time resolution of the wind profiler radar when using dual-mode wind measurement can be improved by about 50% on average, and the time resolution of the wind profiler radar when using triple-mode wind measurement can be improved by about 66% on average.

[0035] A further technical solution is that when the number of detection modes included in a single detection cycle is I ≥ 2 and dual-mode or multi-mode wind measurement is adopted, inverting the wind profile in a time data series multiplexing manner includes:

[0036] The first wind profile retrieval is performed based on the complete sounding data set consisting of the sounding data of all J beams in all I sounding modes in the first sounding cycle;

[0037] For any x-th detection cycle with x≥2, starting from i=1, after the x-th detection cycle completes the detection process of all beams in the first polarization direction under the i-th detection mode, the wind profile is inverted based on the detection data of all beams in the first polarization direction of the i-th detection mode of the x-th detection cycle, the detection data of all beams in another polarization direction under the i-th detection mode before the i-th detection mode of the x-th detection cycle, and the detection data of all J beams in the 1st to I-1th detection modes before the i-th detection mode of the x-th detection cycle, to generate the three-dimensional wind field information of the atmosphere; after the x-th detection cycle continues to complete the detection process of all beams in another polarization direction under the i-th detection mode, the wind profile is inverted based on the detection data of all J beams in the i-th detection mode of the x-th detection cycle, and the detection data of all J beams in the I-1th detection modes before the i-th detection mode of the x-th detection cycle, to generate the three-dimensional wind field information of the atmosphere; let i=i+1 and repeat until i=I.

[0038] Its further technical solution is to use the complete detection data set to invert the wind profile to generate atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information, including:

[0039] The time dataset S obtained by the nth detection of the jth beam in the i-th detection mode in the complete detection dataset is i,j (n) Perform data preprocessing to generate power spectrum data FFT i,j (n), n∈N + ;

[0040] FFT of power spectrum data i,j (n) Perform power spectrum analysis and quality control to generate radial detection data RAD i,j (n);

[0041] Radial detection data RAD i,j (n) Perform consistency check, quality control and profile inversion in the time and space domain to generate the profile detection data OBS of the n'th detection mode of the i-th detection mode i (n');

[0042] The profile detection data of all I detection modes in the complete detection data set are pattern spliced ​​to generate the n'th atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information OBS(n").

[0043] A detection system based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar, the detection system comprising:

[0044] Transmitter module: used to transmit electromagnetic wave signals according to the control instructions issued by the monitoring and control module, and transmit the electromagnetic waves to the antenna module through the TR conversion and phase shift module;

[0045] TR conversion and phase shift module: used to complete the conversion between the transmission process and the reception process, during the transmission process, the electromagnetic wave signal is transmitted from the transmission module to the antenna module, and during the reception process, the atmospheric echo signal sent back by the antenna module is transmitted to the reception module;

[0046] Antenna module: used to radiate the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted by the TR conversion and phase shift module into the atmosphere, and also used to transmit the atmospheric echo signal to the TR conversion and phase shift module;

[0047] Receiving module: used to amplify the atmospheric echo signal transmitted by the TR conversion and phase shift module and transmit it to the signal processing module according to the control instructions issued by the monitoring and control module;

[0048] The TR conversion and phase shift module or the transmitting module or the antenna module or the receiving module is further used to control the radar beam direction to perform periodic switching in a polarization multiplexing manner in different detection modes in different detection cycles according to the control instructions issued by the monitoring control module;

[0049] Monitoring and control module: used to generate beam switching instructions, transceiver switching instructions, signal processing instructions, data processing instructions and display instructions, and transmit the instructions to each module, while monitoring the working status of each module;

[0050] Signal processing module: used to complete the signal processing process of the atmospheric echo signal transmitted by the receiving module according to the signal processing instructions issued by the monitoring and control module, obtain the detection data of the jth beam in the i-th detection mode in any detection cycle, and transmit the processing results to the data processing module;

[0051] A data processing module: configured to generate atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information by inverting a wind profile from a complete detection data set consisting of detection data of all beams of all detection modes in each detection cycle according to data processing instructions issued by the monitoring and control module, and (a) when dual-mode or multi-mode wind measurement is adopted, inverting a wind profile from a complete detection data set consisting of detection data of beams of the current detection mode and several consecutive detection modes before the first detection mode in a time data sequence multiplexing manner, starting from the first detection mode of the second detection cycle to generate atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information; (b) when single-mode wind measurement is adopted, inverting a wind profile from a complete detection data set consisting of detection data of all beams in the first polarization direction of the current detection cycle and detection data of all beams in the other polarization direction of the previous detection cycle in a time data sequence multiplexing manner, starting from the second detection cycle; and transmitting the data to a display module;

[0052] Display module: used to display the atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information output by the data processing module according to the display instructions issued by the monitoring and control module.

[0053] It should be noted that the beam switching process can be completed within the antenna module or within the transmitting and receiving modules, and the final effect of the two methods is the same. In addition, the transmitting module, receiving module, TR conversion and phase shifting module can be combined into a transceiver module. The functions of the transceiver module are the same as the combined functions of the modules before the combination. The effect of the two module implementations in the detection system is the same. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, some of the drawings required for the specific implementation or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the inclusion relationship of each process in a complete wind profile radar detection cycle in the existing technical solution involved in this application. The process described is equivalent to Figures 3 to 5 、 Figures 10 to 12 Any detection cycle in .

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna beam directions for five-beam wind measurement involved in this application.

[0057] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of polarization switch switching under single-mode wind measurement conditions in one embodiment of the present application.

[0058] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of polarization switch switching under dual-mode wind measurement conditions in one embodiment of the present application.

[0059] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of polarization switch switching under three-mode wind measurement conditions in one embodiment of the present application.

[0060] Figure 6 This is a comparison diagram of polarization switch switching under three-mode wind measurement conditions in one embodiment of the present application.

[0061] Figure 7 This is a flow chart of a detection method based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar provided by this application.

[0062] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of time division multiplexing of transceiver channels in one embodiment of the present application.

[0063] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of collecting and processing atmospheric echo signals in an echo signal multiplexing manner in one embodiment of the present application.

[0064] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the process of inverting wind profiles by multiplexing time data sequences in one embodiment of the present application (single mode).

[0065] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the process of inverting wind profiles by multiplexing time data sequences in one embodiment of the present application (dual mode).

[0066] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the process of inverting wind profiles by multiplexing time data sequences in one embodiment of the present application (three modes).

[0067] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the process of inverting wind profiles by multiplexing time data sequences in another embodiment of the present application (dual mode).

[0068] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the process of inverting wind profiles by multiplexing time data sequences in another embodiment of the present application (three modes).

[0069] Figure 15 This is a block diagram of a detection system based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar provided by this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] Embodiment 1: This embodiment of the present application provides a detection method based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar, the method comprising the following steps:

[0071] All J detection beams of the wind profiler radar are divided into two polarization directions. The radar beam direction is periodically switched by polarization multiplexing in different detection modes in different detection cycles. The detection data of the jth beam in the i-th detection mode in any detection cycle are obtained. The integer parameters 1≤i≤I and 1≤j≤J are integer parameters, where I is the number of detection modes contained in a single detection cycle.

[0072] The three-dimensional wind field information of the atmosphere is generated by inverting the wind profile from the complete detection data set consisting of the detection data of all beams in all detection modes in each detection cycle, and (a) when dual-mode or multi-mode wind measurement is adopted, the three-dimensional wind field information of the atmosphere is generated by inverting the wind profile from the complete detection data set consisting of the detection data of the beams of the current detection mode and several consecutive detection modes before it in a time data sequence multiplexing manner starting from the first detection mode of the second detection cycle. (b) when single-mode wind measurement is adopted, the three-dimensional wind field information of the atmosphere is generated by inverting the wind profile from the complete detection data set consisting of the detection data of all beams in the first polarization direction of the current detection cycle and the detection data of all beams in the other polarization direction of the previous detection cycle in a time data sequence multiplexing manner starting from the second detection cycle.

[0073] The detection method of this application is applicable to the domestic mainstream pulse Doppler wind profiler radar. First, a complete detection cycle of the wind profiler radar is introduced as follows: Figure 1 As shown, a wind profiler radar cycles through I detection modes during each detection cycle. When the number of detection modes in a single detection cycle, I, is 1, each detection cycle contains only one detection mode, which is either low, medium, or high. This is generally referred to as single-mode wind measurement. When the number of detection modes in a single detection cycle, I, is ≥ 2, each detection cycle contains multiple detection modes, which are executed sequentially according to a pre-set mode cycle order. Currently, typical values ​​for I ≥ 2 are 2 and 3. When I = 2, each detection cycle includes two detection modes, which is generally referred to as dual-mode wind measurement. When I = 3, each detection cycle includes three detection modes, which is generally referred to as tri-mode wind measurement. A wind profiler radar cycles through 1 to 3 detection modes: low, medium, and high. In some literature, medium and high modes are also referred to as high-1 and high-2 modes. When the wind profiler radar detection mode includes the low mode, the low mode is used as the first detection mode. When the wind profiler radar detection mode does not include the low mode but includes the medium mode, the medium mode is used as the first detection mode. When the wind profiler radar detection mode includes neither the low mode nor the medium mode, the high mode is used as the first detection mode. The subsequent detection modes are then determined in the order of "low mode-medium mode-high mode". Figure 1 Take three-mode wind measurement as an example.

[0074] Each detection mode includes J beam detection processes. Currently, the more typical wind profiler radar uses three or five beams for detection, and the corresponding J values ​​are 3 and 5. The traditional wind profiler radar switches J beams in sequence in each detection mode, such as Figure 1 Take the example of each detection mode including 5 beam detection processes and beams 1 to 5 switching in sequence. The classic five-beam wind profiler radar usually measures wind in the form of "top beam-north beam-east beam-south beam-west beam" with a total of five beams in a cyclic detection mode. In some literature, these five beams are also referred to as "top beam, north beam, east beam, south beam, west beam". The schematic diagram of five-beam wind measurement is shown below. Figure 2 Some wind profiler radars also use three-beam wind measurement, typically using a three-beam detection loop consisting of a top beam, a north / south beam, and an east / west beam. Whether a three-beam or five-beam detection mechanism is used, the method of this application is compatible. However, this application will primarily use the five-beam detection mechanism as an example for illustration.

[0075] During the continuous detection process, the wind profiler radar periodically transmits the amplified RF signal and receives the reflected RF echo signal. Each cycle is called a pulse repetition period, or 1 PRT for short. The detection process of each beam lasts for thousands to hundreds of thousands of pulse repetition periods. Figure 1Take N pulse repetition periods as an example, where N is an integer parameter. Each pulse repetition period includes one transmission process of the RF signal and dozens to hundreds of sampling processes of the received echo signal. Figure 1 Take a pulse repetition period including M sampling processes of the echo signal as an example, where M is an integer parameter.

[0076] The above-mentioned embodiment 1 includes step S1 of “controlling the radar beam direction to perform periodic switching in a polarization multiplexing manner in different detection modes in different detection cycles”, which specifically includes:

[0077] Step S11: Divide the J detection beams of the wind profiler radar into two polarization directions.

[0078] When J = 5, that is, when the wind profiler radar uses a five-beam detection process, the beams obtained in one polarization direction A include the top beam, the north beam, and the south beam, and the beams obtained in another polarization direction B include the west beam and the east beam. Alternatively, the beams obtained in one polarization direction A include the north beam and the south beam, and the beams obtained in the other polarization direction B include the top beam, the west beam, and the east beam.

[0079] When J = 3, that is, when the wind profiler radar uses a three-beam detection process, the beams obtained in polarization direction A include the top beam and the east / west beams, and the beams obtained in polarization direction B include the north / south beams. Alternatively, the beams obtained in polarization direction A include the east / west beams, and the beams obtained in polarization direction B include the top beam and the north / south beams.

[0080] It should be noted that according to the principle of phased array wind profiler radar, taking the five-beam detection process as an example, the top beam can be selected to have the same polarization direction as the north beam and the south beam, or it can be selected to have the same polarization direction as the west beam and the east beam. The same applies to the three-beam detection process.

[0081] Step S12: During the detection process of any detection mode, the wind profile radar beam is switched to each beam of the first polarization direction in sequence and the detection process of each beam is completed. Then, the wind profile radar beam is switched to each beam of the second polarization direction in sequence and the detection process of each beam is completed. Then, the wind profile radar beam is switched to the next detection mode.

[0082] The first and second polarization directions are merely for convenience in distinguishing the two polarization directions and have no specific meaning. One of the first and second polarization directions is polarization direction A, and the other is polarization direction B. Alternatively, the first polarization direction may represent polarization direction A and the second polarization direction may represent polarization direction B, or the first polarization direction may represent polarization direction B and the second polarization direction may represent polarization direction A. If the current first polarization direction is polarization direction A, switching to the second polarization direction is polarization direction B. If the current first polarization direction is polarization direction B, switching to the second polarization direction is polarization direction A.

[0083] Step S13: During the detection process of the next detection mode, the current second polarization direction is kept unchanged, the wind profile radar beam is switched to all beams with the same second polarization direction as the current one in sequence, and the detection process of each beam is completed. Then, all beams in the first polarization direction are switched in sequence, and the detection process of each beam is completed.

[0084] Step S13 is further described as follows:

[0085] S13A, the "next detection mode" in step S13 is described as follows: for the case of single-mode wind measurement performed in one of the low mode, medium mode, or high mode, that is, when I=1, the next detection mode is the same as the current detection mode, but belongs to a different detection cycle. For the case of multiple detection modes, that is, when I≥2, a single detection cycle includes multiple detection modes that are executed in sequence according to the mode cycle order, and the current detection mode and the previous detection mode are different detection modes in the same detection cycle, or the current detection mode and the previous detection mode are different detection modes in different detection cycles. Specifically, when I=2 and wind measurement is performed in two of the detection modes, the next detection mode and the current detection mode are switched alternately. For the case of I=3 and wind measurement is performed in three detection modes, the next detection mode is determined sequentially in the order of the "low mode-medium mode-high mode" cycle.

[0086] S13B, "Switching the wind profiler radar beam to all beams of one polarization direction in sequence" is described as: Depending on the number J of detection beams of the wind profiler radar and the specific polarization direction divisions, the number and type of beams in the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are different. When there are multiple beams in one polarization direction, the switching order of each beam in the polarization direction is pre-set. Each time the polarization direction is switched, the wind profiler radar beam is switched to all beams in the polarization direction in sequence according to the pre-set order.

[0087] For example, in one example, taking the five-beam detection process as an example, the beams of polarization direction A are pre-divided and the order is the top beam, the north beam and the south beam, and the beams of polarization direction B are pre-divided and the order is the west beam and the east beam. Then all the beams switched to another first polarization direction in sequence are described as follows: if the current second polarization direction is polarization direction A, then switch to the first polarization direction, that is, the west beam and the east beam of polarization direction B in sequence. If the current second polarization direction is polarization direction B, then switch to the first polarization direction, that is, the top beam, the north beam and the south beam of polarization direction A in sequence. The same is true for the three-beam detection process.

[0088] Step S14: repeat step S13 to form a continuous wind profile radar detection process.

[0089] Taking the five-beam detection mechanism as an example, a wind profiler radar typically switches beams in a cyclical sequence: "top beam - north beam - east beam - south beam - west beam - top beam..." The north and south beams have one polarization direction, the east and west beams have another, and the top beam can have either of these two polarization directions. For example, assume that the top beam, the north and south beams are in one polarization direction, A, and the west and east beams are in another polarization direction, B.

[0090] Example 2, this example is based on Figure 3 Taking the single-mode wind measurement shown in the figure as an example, the polarization multiplexing beam switching method of the present application is compared with the traditional beam switching process:

[0091] The traditional beam switching process is as follows Figure 3 As shown in (a), the five beams included in a detection cycle are represented by five squares, corresponding to the top beam, north beam, east beam, south beam, and west beam, respectively. To distinguish different polarization directions, white squares represent one beam with polarization direction A, and black squares represent another beam with polarization direction B. When the polarization direction of the beam changes, the polarization switch must be switched accordingly. This shows that in traditional detection methods, the polarization switch needs to be switched four times within a detection cycle.

[0092] The beam switching process implemented by the polarization multiplexing method adopted in this application in a single-mode wind measurement scenario is as follows: Figure 3 As shown in (b) in the figure, the specific steps of beam switching are as follows:

[0093] Step S1X1, during the detection process of the first detection cycle, the wind profile radar beam is switched to the top beam, north beam, and south beam of polarization direction A in sequence and the detection process of each beam is completed, and then switched to the east beam and west beam of polarization direction B in sequence and the detection process of each beam is completed.

[0094] Step S1X2, during the detection process of the second detection cycle, maintain the polarization direction B at the end of the previous detection cycle, and switch the wind profile radar beam to the east beam and west beam of polarization direction B in sequence and complete the detection process of each beam, and then switch to the top beam, north beam, and south beam of polarization direction A in sequence and complete the detection process of each beam.

[0095] Step S1X3, and so on, repeating steps S1X1 to S1X2. During each detection cycle, the polarization direction at the end of the previous detection cycle is maintained, and the wind profiler radar beam is switched to each beam of that polarization direction in sequence to complete the detection process. Then, the wind profiler radar beam is switched to each beam of the other polarization direction in sequence to complete the detection process. For the i-th detection cycle, if i is an odd number, the beam switching sequence is "top beam - north beam - south beam - east beam - west beam"; if i is an even number, the beam switching sequence is "east beam - west beam - top beam - north beam - south beam".

[0096] Because the polarization switch is switched only when the beam polarization direction changes, compared with the traditional method in which the polarization switch is switched four times per detection cycle, the polarization multiplexing switching method of the present application only needs to switch the polarization switch once per detection cycle on average.

[0097] Example 3, this example is based on Figure 4 Taking the dual-mode wind measurement shown in the figure as an example, the polarization multiplexing beam switching method of the present application is compared with the traditional beam switching process:

[0098] In this embodiment, each detection cycle in the figure is divided into a low mode and a high mode. The three white boxes in each mode represent beams of the same polarization direction, and the black boxes represent beams of another polarization direction. It can be remembered that the white boxes represent the top beam, north beam, and south beam of polarization direction A, and the black boxes represent the east beam and west beam of polarization direction B. In the traditional method, each mode of each detection cycle follows the order of "top beam-north beam-east beam-south beam-west beam" to switch beams. The polarization switch switches as the beam polarization direction changes. The beam switching process is as follows: Figure 4 As shown in (a), each mode polarization switch needs to be switched 4 times in each detection cycle.

[0099] The beam switching process implemented by the polarization multiplexing method adopted in this application in the dual-mode wind measurement scenario is as follows: Figure 4 As shown in (b) in the figure, the specific steps of beam switching are as follows:

[0100] Step S1Y1, during the low-mode detection process of each detection cycle, the wind profile radar beam is switched to the top beam, north beam, and south beam of polarization direction A in sequence and the detection process of each beam is completed, and then switched to the east beam and west beam of polarization direction B in sequence and the detection process of each beam is completed.

[0101] Step S1Y2, during the high-mode detection process of each detection cycle, maintain the polarization direction B at the end of the low-mode detection of the current detection cycle, and switch the wind profile radar beam to the east beam and west beam of polarization direction B in sequence and complete the detection process of each beam, and then switch to the top beam, north beam, and south beam of polarization direction A in sequence and complete the detection process of each beam.

[0102] Step S1Y3, and so on, repeating steps S1Y1 to S1Y1 to complete the continuous detection process of the wind profiler radar. During the low-mode detection process of each detection cycle, the beam switching sequence is "top beam-north beam-south beam-east beam-west beam"; during the high-mode detection process, the beam switching sequence is "east beam-west beam-top beam-north beam-south beam".

[0103] Compared with the traditional method in which each detection mode polarization switch is switched four times in each detection cycle, the polarization multiplexing switching method of the present application only requires switching each detection mode polarization switch once on average in each detection cycle.

[0104] Example 4, this example is based on Figure 5 、 Figure 6 Taking the three-mode wind measurement shown in the figure as an example, the polarization multiplexing beam switching method of the present application is compared with the traditional beam switching process:

[0105] In this embodiment, if Figure 5 As shown in the figure, each detection cycle is divided into low mode, medium mode and high mode. The three white boxes in each mode represent beams in the same polarization direction, and the black boxes represent beams in another polarization direction. It is worth noting that the white boxes represent the top beam, north beam, and south beam of polarization direction A, and the black boxes represent the east beam and west beam of polarization direction B. In the traditional method, each mode in each detection cycle follows the order of "top beam-north beam-east beam-south beam-west beam" for beam switching. The polarization switch switches with the change of beam polarization direction. The beam switching process is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in (a), each mode polarization switch needs to be switched 4 times in each detection cycle.

[0106] The beam switching process implemented by the polarization multiplexing method adopted in this application in the three-mode wind measurement scenario is as follows: Figure 5As shown in (b) in the figure, the specific steps of beam switching are as follows:

[0107] Step S1Z1, during the low-mode detection process of the first detection cycle, the wind profile radar beam is switched to the top beam, north beam, and south beam of polarization direction A in sequence and the detection process of each beam is completed, and then switched to the east beam and west beam of polarization direction B in sequence and the detection process of each beam is completed.

[0108] Step S1Z2: During the detection process of the medium mode in the first detection cycle, maintain the polarization direction B at the end of the low mode detection in the current detection cycle, and switch the wind profile radar beam to the east beam and west beam of the polarization direction B in sequence and complete the detection process of each beam. Then, switch to the top beam, north beam, and south beam of the polarization direction A in sequence and complete the detection process of each beam.

[0109] Step S1Z3, during the high-mode detection process of the first detection cycle, maintain the polarization direction A at the end of the medium-mode detection of the current detection cycle, and switch the wind profile radar beam to the top beam, north beam, and south beam of polarization direction A in sequence and complete the detection process of each beam, and then switch to the east beam and west beam of polarization direction B in sequence and complete the detection process of each beam.

[0110] Step S1Z4, during the low-mode detection process of the second detection cycle, maintain the polarization direction B at the end of the high-mode detection of the previous detection cycle, and switch the wind profile radar beam to the east beam and west beam of polarization direction B in sequence and complete the detection process of each beam, and then switch to the top beam, north beam, and south beam of polarization direction A in sequence and complete the detection process of each beam.

[0111] Step S1Z5, during the detection process of the medium mode of the second detection cycle, maintain the polarization direction A at the end of the low mode detection of the current detection cycle, and switch the wind profile radar beam to the top beam, north beam, and south beam of polarization direction A in sequence and complete the detection process of each beam, and then switch to the east beam and west beam of polarization direction B in sequence and complete the detection process of each beam.

[0112] Step S1Z6, during the high-mode detection process of the second detection cycle, maintain the polarization direction B at the end of the medium-mode detection of the current detection cycle, and switch the wind profile radar beam to the east beam and west beam of polarization direction B in sequence and complete the detection process of each beam, and then switch to the top beam, north beam, and south beam of polarization direction A in sequence and complete the detection process of each beam.

[0113] In step S1Z7, steps S1Z1 to S1Z6 are repeated, and so on, to complete the continuous detection process of the wind profiler radar. For the i-th detection cycle, if i is an odd number, the beam switching sequence is consistent with the beam switching sequence of the first detection cycle; if i is an even number, the beam switching sequence is consistent with the beam switching sequence of the second detection cycle.

[0114] In order to more intuitively observe that the switching method of the polarization switch proposed by the present application method is superior to the traditional method, Figure 6 The comparison diagram of polarization switching under three-mode wind measurement conditions is described. Figure 6 It can be seen intuitively that compared with the traditional method in which each detection mode polarization switch is switched 4 times in each detection cycle, although the method of the present application has one cycle every two detection cycles, on average each detection mode polarization switch only needs to be switched once in each detection cycle.

[0115] Through the comparison of the above-mentioned Examples 2 to 4, it can be seen that the polarization switch needs to participate in the entire beam switching process. For different types of mainstream domestic wind profiler radars, the beam switching time interval ranges from a few seconds to tens of seconds. Since the wind profiler radar needs to work all day and night, the polarization switch needs to be switched all day and night. The upper limit of the number of switching times of the polarization switch is usually within 2 million to 5 million times. Long-term frequent switching causes the actual service life of the polarization switch to be shortened. At present, the service life of wind profiler radars in the industry is generally 8 years or more. The traditional beam control and polarization switch switching process is not sufficient to support the stable operation of the wind profiler radar throughout its life cycle. However, the present application achieves the purpose of increasing the service life of the polarization switch by reducing the switching frequency of the polarization switch. Compared with the traditional method and the method of the present application, the method of the present application can reduce the switching frequency of the polarization switch of the wind profiler radar by 75%, thereby extending the service life of the polarization switch by about 300%.

[0116] Furthermore, regarding the polarization switch's response to control instructions, considering the objective fact that "even if the polarization switch has reached its upper limit, it does not mean that the polarization switch is completely unusable, but rather that the reliability of the polarization switch's normal response to control instructions is reduced," this embodiment provides the following further optimization solutions during the polarization switch control process:

[0117] Step S1A: When performing polarization switch switching control during the beam switching process of the wind profiler radar, after issuing a switching command to the polarization switch for the first time, monitoring the response of the polarization switch.

[0118] Step S1B: If the polarization switch does not switch normally and the number of consecutive re-issuance of the switching command does not reach the number threshold, the switching command is re-issued. The number threshold here can be customized. If the polarization switch switches normally, no additional command operation is performed.

[0119] In this way, when the number of switching times of the polarization switch reaches the upper limit or the reliability is reduced, if the polarization switch does not respond normally to the first switching command issued, the reliability of the polarization switch response can be effectively improved by adding several more switching commands, thereby further extending the actual service life of the polarization switch.

[0120] It should also be noted that in the process of beam switching of the phased array wind profiler radar, it is necessary to control both the polarization switch and the phase of each transceiver channel of the wind profiler radar. However, the solution provided in this application is aimed at the switching process control of the polarization switch, so the phase control is not described in detail.

[0121] Example 5, the present application embodiment also provides a detection method based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar, such as Figure 7 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0122] Step S1: Divide all J detection beams of the wind profiler radar into two polarization directions, and control the radar beam direction to perform periodic switching in a polarization multiplexing manner in different detection modes of different detection cycles.

[0123] Step S2: Periodically switch between the electromagnetic wave transmission and reception processes in a time-division multiplexing manner of the transmission and reception channels.

[0124] Step S3: In each pulse repetition period of each beam, the atmospheric echo signal in the current beam direction is collected and processed by using a spatial echo signal multiplexing method to obtain the detection data of the beam.

[0125] Step S4, generating atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information by inverting the wind profile based on the complete detection data set consisting of detection data of all beams of all detection modes in each detection cycle, and (a) when dual-mode or multi-mode is adopted, generating atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information by inverting the wind profile based on the detection data of the beams of the current detection mode and several consecutive detection modes before the first detection mode in a time data sequence multiplexing manner. (b) when single-mode wind measurement is adopted, generating atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information by inverting the wind profile based on the detection data of all beams in the first polarization direction of the current detection cycle and the detection data of all beams in the other polarization direction of the previous detection cycle in a time data sequence multiplexing manner starting from the second detection cycle.

[0126] Example 6: This example further illustrates the "periodic switching of the electromagnetic wave transmission and reception process in a time-division multiplexing manner of the transmission and reception channels" in step S2 of Example 5:

[0127] (1) Figure 8 (a) in the figure describes a partial block diagram of a system in which the transceiver channels complete the transceiver process in a time-division multiplexing manner. The partial block diagram consists of a control module, a transmitting module, a receiving module, a circulator, and an antenna module. The output end of the transmitting module is connected to one port of the circulator, the second port of the circulator is bidirectionally connected to the antenna module, and the third port of the circulator is connected to the input end of the receiving module.

[0128] During the transmission phase: the control module controls the transmission module, circulator, and antenna module to form a transmission channel, and is responsible for the transmission process of radio frequency electromagnetic waves.

[0129] In the receiving stage: the control module controls the antenna module, circulator, and receiving module to form a receiving channel, which is responsible for the reception process of the atmospheric reflected echo.

[0130] (2) Based on Figure 8 The timing diagram of the time division multiplexing of the transmit and receive channels implemented by the structure of (a) is as follows Figure 8 As shown in (b) in the figure, taking the working scenario where the transmission waveform is a normal pulse as an example, the transmission and reception process within a pulse repetition period is as follows:

[0131] In step S21, at the beginning of a pulse repetition period, the wind profiler's control module controls the transmitter module, circulator, and antenna module to form a transmission channel, switching to the transmission process. The transmit / receive feeder network switches to the power splitter network mode, radiating the phase-shifted and amplified RF signal with the transmit pulse width into the air through the power splitter network and antenna. The wind profiler's switching to the transmission process typically takes from a few tenths of a μs to several μs.

[0132] In step S22, after the transmission process completes and after the guard time slot t0, the wind profiler radar's control module controls the antenna module, circulator, and receiver module to form a receiving channel, thereby switching to the receiving process. The transmit and receive feeder network switches to the power combining network state, and the RF echo signal is sequentially sent to the receiver through the antenna and power combining network. After the receiver generates a number of valid sampled signal data through sampling and filtering, the current pulse repetition period ends. The guard time slot t0 is typically a few tenths of a microsecond to several microseconds, with a common example being 0.6 μs.

[0133] The starting detection height can be determined by the following formula:

[0134]

[0135] Where ΔH0 represents the starting detection height, c represents the speed of light, τ represents the transmit pulse width, and t0 represents the protection time slot.

[0136] For pulse Doppler wind profiler radars, the signal transmission and reception processes do not overlap in time. Therefore, the time division multiplexing of the transceiver channels can save about 50% of the transceiver channel feeder network resources compared to the separation of the transceiver channels.

[0137] Example 7: This example further illustrates step S3 in Example 5, "collecting and processing the atmospheric echo signal in the current beam direction by using spatial echo signal multiplexing within each pulse repetition period of each beam."

[0138] The scenario of this embodiment is as follows: The wind profiler radar uses a normal pulse as the transmission waveform. Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 (a) is a schematic diagram of the traditional method of collecting and processing atmospheric echo signals. Figure 9 (b) is a schematic diagram of collecting and processing atmospheric echo signals in an echo signal multiplexing manner adopted in this embodiment. Figure 9 The vertical axis in (a) and (b) is the electromagnetic wave transmission distance. Figure 9 The left half of the horizontal axis in (a) and (b) are the radial heights of the echo signal, H1, H2, ..., H n They represent the heights corresponding to the 1st to nth echo signals respectively. Figure 9 The right half of the horizontal axis in (a) and (b) is the time axis, t1, t2, ..., t n Represent the 1st to nth signal sampling moments respectively.

[0139] Step S3 in Example 5 can be further refined as follows:

[0140] Step S31, determining the sampling time interval τ for receiving the echo signal according to the height resolution ΔH of the wind profiler radar:

[0141]

[0142] Where ΔH represents the height resolution, and a typical value is 120m.

[0143] Step S32, Transmission Process: The wind profiler radar radiates the RF signal into the air through the antenna according to the transmit pulse width τ'. Traditional methods directly use the sampling interval τ as the transmit pulse width, but the transmit pulse width τ' in this embodiment is greater than the sampling interval τ. In one embodiment, the transmit pulse width τ' is 1.5 to 4 times the sampling interval τ. Setting τ' too small will have little effect, while setting τ' too large has no theoretical basis and will result in reduced detection accuracy. A typical value is to use the transmit pulse width τ' as twice the received echo sampling interval τ.

[0144] Step S33, receiving process: After completing the transmission process described in step S32, wait for time t0 as the non-sampling time including the protection time slot, t0 is usually 0.2μs to tens of μs, then use time t1 as the sampling start time, and sample the atmospheric echo signal received by the antenna according to the sampling time interval τ. The subsequent sampling times are recorded as t2, t3, ..., respectively. Starting from the sampling start time, the sampled signals are recorded as s1, s2, s3, ..., and the sampled signals are regarded as atmospheric echo signals from the H1, H2, H3, ... altitude layers, respectively.

[0145] The atmospheric echo signal received by the antenna at sampling time t n Perform the nth sampling to obtain the n Sampling signal data of altitude layer s n Satisfies the following relationship:

[0146]

[0147] Where s n represents the nth sampling signal data, c represents the speed of light, h represents the radial distance in the detection direction, f(h) represents the distribution function of the atmospheric echo line density in the detection direction with the radial distance, and f(h) is determined by the atmospheric physical environment and the characteristics of the emitted electromagnetic waves.

[0148] In contrast, the conventional wind profiler radar directly takes the sampling time interval τ as the transmission pulse width and performs the sampling signal strength s for the nth sampling. n 'Satisfies the following relationship:

[0149]

[0150] Since the transmit pulse width τ' of this embodiment is greater than the sampling time interval τ, the following interval relationship exists:

[0151]

[0152] It can be seen that the sampled signal data s obtained in this embodiment n The integration interval is larger and the signal is stronger. When the echo signal intensity distribution is continuous and uniform, when the transmit pulse width τ' is taken as 2 times the sampling time interval τ, we have:

[0153] s n ≈2s'

[0154] That is, the echo signal strength increases by about 3dB.

[0155] In step S34, after generating a set amount of valid sampled signal data, the sampled signal data acquired in step S33 is processed to obtain beam detection data, completing the current transmission and reception process. The data processing method here follows the conventional wind profiler radar signal processing and data processing process and will not be further described here.

[0156] It should be noted that the transmission and receiving processes described in the above steps S2 and S3 and the expanded steps are limited to the working scenarios where the wind profiler radar uses ordinary pulses or inverted pulses as the transmission waveform, and are not applicable to the working scenarios where phase-coded pulses are used as the transmission waveform.

[0157] Wind profiler radar can form a time data series {S i,j (n)}, where S i,j (n) represents the time data set obtained by the nth detection of the jth beam in the i-th detection mode of any detection cycle, with integer parameters 1≤i≤I and 1≤j≤J. The typical values ​​of the number of detection modes I contained in a single detection cycle are 1, 2, and 3, corresponding to single-mode detection, dual-mode detection, and triple-mode detection, respectively. The typical values ​​of the number of beams J contained in each detection mode are 3 and 5, corresponding to three beams and five beams, respectively. The positive integer n is used to represent the number of detections of each beam in each detection mode, n∈N + .

[0158] It should be noted that each time dataset S i,j (n) is composed of about 200,000 to 800,000 time sampling point data. The specific number of data is determined by the product of the time domain accumulation number, spectrum average number, FFT point number, and range gate number in the wind profiler radar detection parameters. Therefore, S i,j (n) can be further expressed as:

[0159] S i,j (n) = S i,j (n) (x1, x2, x3, x4)

[0160] x1∈the set of integers {1, 2, ..., N t}

[0161] x2∈the set of integers {1, 2, ..., N tr}

[0162] x3∈the set of integers {1, 2, ..., N fft}

[0163] x4∈ the set of integers {1, 2, ..., N g}

[0164] Among them, x1, x2, x3, x4 are variables, Nt N is the time domain accumulation number, which is usually between 1 and 100. tr N is the spectrum average, which is usually between 1 and 64; fft N is the number of FFT points, which is usually 128 to 2048 and is an integer power of 2; g The number of distance gates is usually between 10 and 100.

[0165] The step S4 in Example 5 of "generating atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information by inverting and multiplexing time data series" specifically includes:

[0166] Step S41: determining the number I of detection modes included in a single detection cycle of the current wind profiler radar.

[0167] Step S42: Perform a wind profile inversion process based on time data sequence multiplexing based on the number of detection modes I included in a single detection cycle of the current wind profiler radar. Furthermore, when the number of detection modes included in a single detection cycle is I=1 and single-mode wind measurement is used, the method of the following embodiment 7 is used to perform a wind profile inversion process based on time data sequence multiplexing. When the number of detection modes included in a single detection cycle is I≥2, the method of the following embodiment 8 is used to perform a wind profile inversion process based on time data sequence multiplexing.

[0168] In Example 8, in a single-mode wind measurement scenario where the number of detection modes included in a single detection cycle is I=1, the "wind profile inversion process based on time data sequence multiplexing" in step S42 includes the following steps:

[0169] The first inversion of wind profile is performed based on the complete sounding data set consisting of the sounding data of all J beams in two polarization directions in the first sounding cycle.

[0170] For any x-th detection cycle where x ≥ 2, when the beams in the first polarization direction are first switched sequentially and then the beams in the second polarization direction are switched sequentially in the x-th detection cycle, after completing the detection process of the beams in the first polarization direction in the detection mode of the x-th detection cycle, the wind profile is retrieved for the 2nd (x-1)th time based on the complete detection data set consisting of the detection data of the beams in the first polarization direction in the detection mode of the x-th detection cycle and the detection data of the beams in the second polarization direction in the detection mode of the x-1-th detection cycle. And after completing the detection of the beams in the second polarization direction in the detection mode of the x-th detection cycle, the wind profile is retrieved for the 2nd (x-1)+1th time based on the complete detection data set consisting of the detection data of all J beams in both polarization directions in the detection mode of the x-th detection cycle.

[0171] Taking five-beam detection as an example, in one example, the first detection cycle first switches the top beam, north beam, and south beam of polarization direction A in sequence, and then switches the north beam and south beam of polarization direction B in sequence, and then continues to switch in other detection cycles according to the polarization multiplexing method of this application. Similarly, the white boxes represent the top beam, north beam, and south beam of polarization direction A, and the black boxes represent the east beam and west beam of polarization direction B. For any m, a1(m), a2(m), a3(m), b1(m), and b2(m) represent the detection data of the top beam, north beam, south beam, east beam, and west beam of the mth detection cycle in sequence. Then, combined with Figure 10 The wind profile inversion process based on time data series multiplexing includes the following steps:

[0172] Step S42A1, after completing the detection process of all 5 beams in the first detection cycle, the first inversion of the wind profile is performed using the detection data of all 5 beams in the two polarization directions of the first detection cycle, including the detection data a1(1) of the top beam, the detection data a2(1) of the north beam, the detection data a3(1) of the south beam, the detection data b1(1) of the east beam, and the detection data b2(1) of the west beam, which constitute a complete detection data set {a1(1), a2(1), a3(1), b1(1), b2(1)}.

[0173] Step S42A2, after completing the detection process of the east-biased beam and the west-biased beam in the polarization direction B of the second detection cycle, the wind profiler radar uses the detection data b1(2) of the east-biased beam and the detection data b2(2) of the west-biased beam in the polarization direction B of the second detection cycle, combined with the detection data a1(1) of the top beam in the polarization direction A, the detection data a2(1) of the north-biased beam, and the detection data a3(1) of the south-biased beam to form a complete detection data set {a1(1), a2(1), a3(1), b1(2), b2(2)} to perform the second inversion of the wind profile.

[0174] Step S42A3, after the wind profiler radar completes the detection process of the top beam, the north beam and the south beam in the polarization direction A of the second detection cycle, it uses the detection data of all five beams in the two polarization directions of the second detection cycle, including the detection data b1(2) of the east beam, the detection data b2(2) of the west beam, the detection data a1(2) of the top beam, the detection data a2(2) of the north beam, and the detection data a3(2) of the south beam to form a complete detection data set {b1(2), b2(2), a1(2), a2(2), a3(2)} to perform the third inversion of the wind profile.

[0175] Step S42A4, after the wind profiler radar completes the detection process of the top beam, north beam and south beam of the polarization direction A in the third detection cycle, it uses the detection data a1(3) of the top beam in the polarization direction A, the detection data a2(3) of the north beam and the detection data a3(3) of the south beam in the third detection cycle, combined with the detection data b1(2) of the east beam and the detection data b2(2) of the west beam in the polarization direction B in the second detection cycle to form a complete detection data set {b1(2), b2(2), a1(3), a2(3), a3(3)} to perform the fourth inversion of the wind profile.

[0176] Step S42A5, repeat steps S42A2 to S42A4, and so on. When x is an odd number, the wind profile is retrieved for the 2x-1th time using the detection data a1(x), a2(x), a3(x), b1(x), and b2(x) of the top beam, north beam, south beam, east beam, and west beam of the xth detection cycle. The wind profile is retrieved for the 2xth time using the detection data a1(x), a2(x), and a3(x) of the top beam, north beam, and south beam of the xth detection cycle and the detection data b1(x+1) and b2(x+1) obtained by detecting the east beam and west beam of the x+1th detection cycle. The wind profile is retrieved for the 2x+1th time using the sounding data b1(x+1), b2(x+1), a1(x+1), a2(x+1), and a3(x+1) of the east, west, top, north, and south beams of the x+1th sounding cycle. The wind profile is retrieved for the 2x+2th time using the sounding data b1(x+1) and b2(x+1) of the east and west beams of the x+1th sounding cycle, and a1(x+2), a2(x+2), and a3(x+2) of the top, north, and south beams of the x+2th sounding cycle, and so on.

[0177] The traditional method is to use the complete detection data set of all beams in the current detection cycle to perform inversion after a detection cycle is completed. Figure 10 In the example, according to the traditional method, the wind profile can only be inverted once per detection cycle on average, while the method of this embodiment can perform wind profile inversion twice per detection cycle on average. Compared with the traditional method, the time data series multiplexing method of the present application can improve the time resolution of the wind profile radar by an average of about 50% in a single-mode detection scenario.

[0178] In Example 9, in a dual-mode or multi-mode wind measurement scenario where the number of detection modes included in a single detection cycle is I≥2, the above-mentioned step S42 of "performing a wind profile inversion process based on time data series multiplexing" includes the following steps:

[0179] The first inversion of wind profile is performed based on the complete detection data set consisting of the detection data of all J beams in all I detection modes in the first detection cycle.

[0180] For any x-th sounding cycle with x ≥ 2, starting from i = 1, after the x-th sounding cycle completes the sounding process of all J beams in the i-th sounding mode, the wind profile is retrieved for the I(x-2) + (i+1)th time based on the sounding data set consisting of the sounding data of all J beams in the first i sounding modes in the x-th sounding cycle according to the pattern cycle order, and the sounding data of all J beams in the last ii sounding modes in the x-1-th sounding cycle according to the pattern cycle order. Let i = i + 1 and repeat until i = I.

[0181] Example 10: This example illustrates the implementation of the above-mentioned Example 8 in a dual-mode wind measurement scenario when the number of detection modes included in a single detection cycle is I=2.

[0182] Please combine Figure 11 One detection cycle of the wind profiler radar includes two detection modes, namely low mode and high mode. In this embodiment, taking five-beam detection as an example, each detection beam includes 5 beams. It is assumed that the first detection mode of the first detection cycle first switches the top beam, north beam, and south beam of polarization direction A in sequence, and then switches the east beam and west beam of polarization direction B in sequence, and then continues to switch in other detection cycles according to the polarization multiplexing method of this application. Figure 11 The white boxes in the middle represent the top beam, north beam, and south beam of the same polarization direction A, and the black boxes represent the east beam and west beam of another polarization direction B.

[0183] For any m, with a 1,1 (m), a 1,2 (m), a 1,3 (m) represents the detection data of the top beam, north beam, and south beam of the polarization direction A of the low mode in the mth detection cycle, and b 1,1 (m), b 1,2 (m) represents the detection data of the east-biased beam and west-biased beam of the low-mode polarization direction B in the mth detection cycle. 2,1 (m), b 2,2 (m) represents the detection data of the east-biased beam and the west-biased beam of the high-mode polarization direction B in the mth detection cycle, and a 2,1 (m), a 2,2 (m), a 2,3 (m) represents the detection data of the top beam, north beam, and south beam of the polarization direction A of the high mode in the mth detection cycle. 1,1 (m), a1,2 (m), a 1,3 (m), a 2,1 (m), a 2,2 (m), a 2,3 (m) is the detection data corresponding to the same polarization direction, b 1,1 (m), b 1,2 (m), b 2,1 (m), b 2,2 (m) is the detection data corresponding to the other polarization direction. Therefore, for dual-mode wind measurement, the detection data of the dual-mode five-beam wind measurement in the mth detection cycle can be recorded as:

[0184]

[0185] Wherein data1(m) is all the detection data of the low mode of the mth detection cycle, and data2(m) is all the detection data of the high mode of the mth detection cycle.

[0186] The process of inverting and generating atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information by multiplexing time data series includes the following steps:

[0187] Step S42B1, after completing the detection process of all 5 beams of the low mode and the detection process of all 5 beams of the high mode in the first detection cycle, the first wind profile inversion is performed using the complete detection data set composed of the low mode detection data data1(m) and the high mode detection data data2(1) of the first detection cycle.

[0188] Step S42B2, after completing the detection process of all 5 beams of the low mode of the second detection cycle, the second wind profile inversion is performed using the complete detection data set consisting of the detection data data1(2) of all 5 beams of the low mode of the second detection cycle and the detection data data2(1) of all 5 beams of the high mode of the first detection cycle.

[0189] Step S42B3, after completing the detection process of all 5 beams of the high mode of the second detection cycle, the third wind profile inversion is performed using a complete detection data set consisting of the detection data data1(2) of all 5 beams of the low mode of the second detection cycle and the detection data data2(2) of all 5 beams of the high mode of the second detection cycle.

[0190] Repeat steps S42B2 to S42B3, and so on. Use data1(x) and data2(x) of the xth detection cycle to perform the 2x-1th wind profile inversion, and use data2(x) of the xth detection cycle and data1(x+1) of the x+1th detection cycle to perform the 2xth wind profile inversion. Figure 11In the example, according to the traditional method, the wind profile can only be inverted once per detection cycle on average, while the method of this embodiment can perform wind profile inversion twice per detection cycle on average. As the detection cycle progresses, compared with the traditional method, the time data series multiplexing method of the present application can improve the time resolution of the wind profile radar by an average of about 50% in the dual-mode detection scenario.

[0191] Example 11: This example illustrates the implementation of the above-mentioned Example 8 in a three-mode wind measurement scenario when the number of detection modes included in a single detection cycle is I=3.

[0192] Figure 12 In the embodiment, one detection cycle of the wind profiler radar includes three detection modes, namely low mode, medium mode and high mode. In this embodiment, taking five-beam detection as an example, each detection beam includes 5 beams. It is assumed that the first detection mode of the first detection cycle first switches the top beam, north beam and south beam of polarization direction A in sequence, and then switches the top beam, north beam and south beam of polarization direction B in sequence, and then continues to switch in other detection cycles according to the polarization multiplexing method of this application. Figure 12 The white boxes in the middle represent the top beam, north beam, and south beam of the same polarization direction A, and the black boxes represent the east beam and west beam of another polarization direction B.

[0193] For any m, with a i,1 (m), a i,2 (m), a i,3 (m) represents the detection data of the top beam, north beam, and south beam in the polarization direction A of the i-th detection mode in the m-th detection cycle, and b i,1 (m), b i,2 (m) represents the detection data of the east-biased beam and the west-biased beam in the polarization direction B of the i-th detection mode in the m-th detection cycle, where i ≈ 1, 2, and 3 correspond to the low mode, medium mode, and high mode, respectively.

[0194] Therefore, for the three-mode wind measurement, the detection data of the three-mode five-beam wind measurement in the mth detection cycle can be recorded as:

[0195] m is an odd number

[0196] m is an even number

[0197] Where data1(m) is all the detection data before the inverted wind profile of the low mode in the mth detection cycle, data2(m) is all the detection data of the medium mode in the mth detection cycle, and data3(m) is all the detection data of the high mode in the mth detection cycle.

[0198] The process of inverting and generating atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information by multiplexing time data series includes the following steps:

[0199] Step S42C1, after completing the detection process of the low mode, medium mode and high mode of the first detection cycle, the first wind profile inversion is performed using a complete detection data set consisting of the detection data data1(1) of all 5 beams of the low mode of the first detection cycle, the detection data data2(1) of all 5 beams of the medium mode of the first detection cycle, and the detection data data3(1) of all 5 beams of the high mode of the first detection cycle.

[0200] Step S42C2, after completing the detection process of all 5 beams of the low mode of the second detection cycle, the wind profile is inverted for the second time using a complete detection data set consisting of the detection data data1(2) of all 5 beams of the low mode of the second detection cycle, the detection data data2(1) of all 5 beams of the medium mode of the first detection cycle, and the detection data data3(1) of all 5 beams of the high mode of the first detection cycle.

[0201] Step S42C3, after completing the detection process of all 5 beams of the medium mode of the second detection cycle, the wind profile is inverted for the third time using a complete detection data set consisting of the detection data data1(2) of all 5 beams of the low mode of the second detection cycle, the detection data data2(2) of all 5 beams of the medium mode of the second detection cycle, and the detection data data3(1) of all 5 beams of the high mode of the first detection cycle.

[0202] Step S42C4, after completing the detection process of all 5 beams of the high mode of the second detection cycle, the wind profile is inverted for the fourth time using a complete detection data set consisting of the detection data data1(2) of all 5 beams of the low mode of the second detection cycle, the detection data data2(2) of all 5 beams of the medium mode of the second detection cycle, and the detection data data3(2) of all 5 beams of the high mode of the second detection cycle.

[0203] Step S42C5, repeat steps S42C2 to S42C4, and so on. Figure 12 In the example, according to the traditional method, the wind profile can only be inverted once per detection cycle on average, while the method of this embodiment can be inverted three times per detection cycle on average. As the detection cycle progresses, compared with the traditional method, the time data series multiplexing method of the present application can improve the time resolution of the wind profile radar by an average of about 66% in the three-mode detection scenario.

[0204] Example 12: In a dual-mode or multi-mode wind measurement scenario where the number of detection modes included in a single detection cycle is I≥2, another implementation of the above step S42 of "performing a wind profile inversion process based on time data sequence multiplexing" is:

[0205] The first inversion of wind profile is performed based on the complete detection data set consisting of the detection data of all J beams in all I detection modes in the first detection cycle.

[0206] For any x-th sounding cycle where x ≥ 2, starting from i = 1, after the x-th sounding cycle completes the sounding process for all beams in the first polarization direction under the i-th sounding mode, the wind profile is inverted to generate the three-dimensional atmospheric wind field information based on the sounding data of all beams in the first polarization direction under the i-th sounding mode in the x-th sounding cycle, the sounding data of all beams in the other polarization direction under the i-th sounding mode before the i-th sounding mode in the x-th sounding cycle, and the sounding data of all J beams in the 1st to I-1th sounding modes before the i-th sounding mode in the x-th sounding cycle. After the x-th sounding cycle continues to complete the sounding process for all beams in the other polarization direction under the i-th sounding mode, the wind profile is inverted to generate the three-dimensional atmospheric wind field information based on the sounding data of all J beams in the i-th sounding mode in the x-th sounding cycle, and the sounding data of all J beams in the I-1th sounding modes before the i-th sounding mode in the x-th sounding cycle. Let i = i + 1 and repeat until i = I.

[0207] Example 13: This example illustrates the implementation of the above example in a dual-mode wind measurement scenario when the number of detection modes included in a single detection cycle is I=2. Figure 13 This embodiment uses the same representation method as that of Example 9 to represent the detection data of each beam of each detection mode in each detection cycle.

[0208] The process of inverting and generating atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information by multiplexing time data series includes the following steps:

[0209] Step S42D1, after completing the detection process of all 5 beams of the low mode and the detection process of all 5 beams of the high mode in the first detection cycle, the first wind profile inversion is performed using the complete detection data set composed of the low mode detection data data1(1) and the high mode detection data data2(1) of the first detection cycle.

[0210] Step S42D2, after completing the detection process of the three beams of the first polarization direction (i.e., polarization direction A) of the low mode of the second detection cycle, use the detection data a of the top beam of the low mode of the second detection cycle 1,1 (2) Detection data of the north-biased beam a 1,2 (2) Detection data of the south-biased beam a 1,3 (2), and the detection data data2(1) of all five beams in the high mode of the first detection cycle, and the detection data b of the east-biased beam in another polarization direction (i.e., polarization direction B) in the low mode of the first detection cycle 1,1 (1) and the detection data b of the west-biased beam 1,2 (1) The complete detection data set is used to perform the second inversion of wind profiles.

[0211] Step S42D3, after completing the detection process of the two beams in the other polarization direction (i.e., polarization direction B) of the low mode of the second detection cycle, the wind profile is inverted for the third time using the complete detection data set consisting of the detection data data1(2) of all five beams of the low mode of the second detection cycle and the detection data data2(1) of all five beams of the high mode of the first detection cycle.

[0212] Step S42D4, after completing the detection process of the two beams of the first polarization direction (i.e., polarization direction B) of the high mode of the second detection cycle, the detection data b of the east-biased beam of the high mode of the second detection cycle is used. 2,1 (2) and the detection data b of the west-biased beam 2,2 (2), and the detection data data1(2) of all 5 beams in the low mode of the second detection cycle, and the detection data a of the top beam in another polarization direction (i.e., polarization direction A) of the high mode of the first detection cycle 1,1 (1) Detection data of the north-biased beam a 1,2 (1) Detection data of the south-biased beam a 1,3 (1) The complete detection data set is used to perform the fourth wind profile inversion.

[0213] Step S42D5, after continuing to complete the detection process of the three beams in another polarization direction (i.e., polarization direction A) of the high mode of the second detection cycle, the fifth wind profile inversion is performed using a complete detection data set consisting of the detection data data2(2) of all five beams of the high mode of the second detection cycle and the detection data data1(2) of all five beams of the low mode of the second detection cycle.

[0214] Repeat steps S42D2 to S42D5 starting from the third detection cycle. Figure 13In the example of FIG, according to the traditional method, only one wind profile inversion can be performed per detection cycle on average, while using the method of this embodiment, four wind profile inversions can be performed per detection cycle on average.

[0215] Example 14: This example illustrates the implementation of the above-mentioned Example 11 in a three-mode wind measurement scenario when the number of detection modes included in a single detection cycle is I=3. Figure 14 This embodiment uses the same representation method as that of Example 10 to represent the detection data of each beam of each detection mode in each detection cycle.

[0216] The process of inverting and generating atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information by multiplexing time data series includes the following steps:

[0217] Step S42E1, after completing the detection process of the low mode, medium mode and high mode of the first detection cycle, the first wind profile inversion is performed using the complete detection data set consisting of the detection data data1(1), data2(1) and data3(1) of the low mode, medium mode and high mode of the first detection cycle.

[0218] Step S42E2, after completing the detection process of the two beams of the first polarization direction (i.e., polarization direction B) of the low mode of the second detection cycle, use the detection data b of the east-biased beam of the low mode of the second detection cycle 1,1 (2) Detection data b of the west-biased beam 1,2 (2), and the detection data a of the top beam of another polarization direction (i.e., polarization direction A) of the low mode in the first detection cycle 1,1 (1) Detection data of the north-biased beam a 1,2 (1) Detection data of the south-biased beam a 1,3 The second wind profile inversion is performed using a complete detection data set consisting of the detection data data data2(1) of all 5 beams of the medium mode in the first detection cycle, and the detection data data3(1) of all 5 beams of the high mode in the first detection cycle.

[0219] Step S42E3, after completing the detection process of the three beams in another polarization direction (i.e., polarization direction A) of the low mode of the second detection cycle, the wind profile is inverted for the third time using a complete detection data set consisting of the detection data data1(2) of all five beams of the low mode of the second detection cycle, the detection data data2(1) of all five beams of the medium mode of the first detection cycle, and the detection data data3(1) of all five beams of the high mode of the first detection cycle.

[0220] Step S42E4, after completing the detection process of the three beams of the first polarization direction (i.e., polarization direction A) of the middle mode in the second detection cycle, use the detection data a of the top beam of the middle mode in the second detection cycle 2，1 (2) Detection data of the north-biased beam a 2,2 (2) Detection data of the south-biased beam a 2,3 (2), and the detection data b of the east-biased beam in another polarization direction (i.e., polarization direction B) of the middle mode in the first detection cycle 2,1 (1) Detection data b of the west-biased beam 2,2 (1), the detection data data3 (1) of all 5 beams of the high mode of the first detection cycle, and the detection data data1 (2) of all 5 beams of the low mode of the second detection cycle constitute a complete detection data set for the fourth inversion of wind profiles.

[0221] Step S42E5, after completing the detection process of the two beams in the other polarization direction (i.e., polarization direction B) of the medium mode of the second detection cycle, the fifth wind profile inversion is performed using a complete detection data set consisting of the detection data data2(2) of all five beams of the medium mode of the second detection cycle, the detection data data1(2) of all five beams of the low mode of the second detection cycle, and the detection data data3(1) of all five beams of the high mode of the first detection cycle.

[0222] Step S42E6, after completing the detection process of the two beams of the first polarization direction (i.e., polarization direction B) of the high mode of the second detection cycle, use the detection data b of the east-biased beam of the high mode of the second detection cycle 3,1 (2) Detection data b of the west-biased beam 3,2 (2) The detection data a of the top beam of the other polarization direction (i.e. polarization direction A) of the high mode in the first detection cycle 3,1 (1) Detection data of the north-biased beam a 3,2 (1) Detection data of the south-biased beam a 3,3 The wind profile is retrieved for the sixth time using a complete detection data set consisting of the detection data data1(2) of all 5 beams of the low mode in the second detection cycle, and the detection data data2(2) of all 5 beams of the medium mode in the second detection cycle.

[0223] Step S42E7, after completing the detection process of the three beams in another polarization direction (i.e., polarization direction A) of the high mode of the second detection cycle, the wind profile is inverted for the seventh time using a complete detection data set consisting of the detection data data3(2) of all five beams of the high mode of the second detection cycle, the detection data data2(2) of all five beams of the medium mode of the second detection cycle, and the detection data data1(2) of all five beams of the low mode of the second detection cycle.

[0224] Repeat steps S42E2 to S42E7 from the third detection cycle, and so on. Figure 14 In the example of FIG, according to the traditional method, only one wind profile inversion can be performed per detection cycle on average, while using the method of this embodiment, six wind profile inversions can be performed per detection cycle on average.

[0225] By comparing the inversion methods in the dual-mode wind measurement scenario of Example 13 with that of Example 10, and by comparing the inversion methods in the three-mode wind measurement scenario of Example 14 with that of Example 11, it can be seen that the time data sequence multiplexing method provided in Example 12 can further improve the time resolution of the wind profiler radar compared to the time data sequence multiplexing method of Example 9, but it also brings a correspondingly larger amount of data processing, often resulting in a larger computational load and possibly affecting the response speed. In actual application, considering the comprehensive performance of time resolution and response speed, the time data sequence multiplexing method of Example 8 will be more practical.

[0226] In addition, the time data sequence multiplexing method provided in Example 12 has another variant: for any x-th detection cycle with x≥2, starting from i=1, when the x-th detection cycle completes the detection process of any beam in the i-th detection mode, the detection data of the beam is directly used in combination with the detection data of the beams of several consecutive detection modes to form a complete detection data set to invert the wind profile and generate the atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information, that is, there is no need to wait for all beams in one polarization direction to complete the detection before inversion. For example, based on Figure 13 For example, after completing the detection process of the low-mode top beam of the second detection cycle, directly use the detection data a of the low-mode top beam of the second detection cycle 1,1 (2), and the detection data data2(1) of all five beams in the high mode of the first detection cycle, and the detection data b of the east-biased beam in the low mode of the first detection cycle 1,1 (1) Detection data b of the west-biased beam 1,2 (1) Detection data of the north-biased beam a 1,2 (1) Detection data of the south-biased beam a 1,3(1) The complete detection data set is used to perform the second wind profile inversion. The other processes are analogous. This method can further improve the temporal resolution of the wind profiler radar, but it also increases the amount of data processing. The overall performance in practical applications is not ideal, but it can be used when necessary.

[0227] Regardless of the wind measurement scenario in the above embodiment, the wind profile inversion using the complete detection data set based on the time data sequence multiplexing in step S42 includes the following steps:

[0228] Step S421: The time data set S obtained by the nth detection of the jth beam in the i-th detection mode in the complete detection data set is i,j (n) Perform data preprocessing to generate power spectrum data FFT i,j The data preprocessing here includes coherent accumulation, windowing function, Fourier transform, incoherent accumulation and other processing processes. The specific processing methods can refer to existing methods and will not be repeated here.

[0229] Step S422: FFT the power spectrum data i,j (n) Perform power spectrum analysis and quality control to generate radial detection data RAD i,j (n).

[0230] Step S423: Radial detection data RAD i,j (n) Perform consistency check, quality control and profile inversion in the time and space domain to generate the profile detection data OBS of the n'th detection mode of the i-th detection mode i (n'). It should be noted that the profile detection data OBS i Because (n') is obtained through multi-beam synthesis, there is no beam index in its lower right corner. It should be further explained that the profile detection data OBS provided by this application i (n') is generated more frequently than the radial detection data RAD i,j (n) is the frequency of generation, so in order to distinguish them, n' is used to distinguish them from n.

[0231] Step S424, the profile detection data of each of the I detection modes included in the complete detection data set are subjected to pattern splicing to generate the n'th atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information OBS(n"). It should be noted that, for the case of single-mode wind measurement, since there is only one mode, the pattern splicing process is not involved. In this case, OBS i(n') is the same as OBS(n"). However, for the case where I ≥ 2, such as dual-mode wind measurement and tri-mode wind measurement, the complete sounding data set always contains I sounding modes. Therefore, the profile sounding data of each of the I sounding modes must be spliced ​​to generate OBS(n"). The frequency of generating profile sounding data OBS(n") is higher than that of generating profile sounding data OBS of each sounding mode separately. i (n'), so in order to distinguish them, we use n" and n' to distinguish them.

[0232] Example 15, the present application also provides a detection system based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar, the detection system is used to implement the detection method provided in each of the above embodiments, and the structure block diagram of the detection system is as follows Figure 15 As shown, specifically including:

[0233] Transmitter module: It is used to transmit electromagnetic wave signals within a specified time period according to the control instructions issued by the monitoring and control module, and transmit the electromagnetic waves to the antenna module through the TR conversion and phase shift module.

[0234] TR conversion and phase shift module: It is used to control the radar beam direction for periodic switching in a polarization multiplexing manner under different detection modes in different detection cycles according to the control instructions issued by the monitoring and control module, and at the same time complete the conversion between the transmission process and the receiving process. During the transmission process, the electromagnetic wave signal is transmitted from the transmission module to the antenna module, and during the receiving process, the atmospheric echo signal sent back by the antenna module is transmitted to the receiving module.

[0235] Antenna module: used to radiate the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted by the TR conversion and phase shift module into the atmosphere, and also used to transmit the atmospheric echo signal to the TR conversion and phase shift module.

[0236] Receiving module: It is used to amplify the atmospheric echo signal transmitted by the TR conversion and phase shift module and transmit it to the signal processing module within a specified time period according to the control instructions issued by the monitoring and control module.

[0237] In addition, the TR conversion and phase shift module, or the transmitting module, or the antenna module, or the receiving module, is also used to control the radar beam direction in a polarization multiplexing manner for periodic switching in different detection modes during different detection cycles according to the control instructions issued by the monitoring and control module. The final effect of the beam switching process completed in different modules is consistent. It should also be noted that the transmitting module, the receiving module, and the TR conversion and phase shift module can also be combined into a transceiver module. The functions of the transceiver module are the same as the combined functions of the modules before the combination. The two module implementations have the same effect in the detection system.

[0238] Monitoring and control module: used to generate beam switching instructions, transceiver switching instructions, signal processing instructions, data processing instructions and display instructions, and transmit the instructions to each module, while monitoring the working status of each module.

[0239] The signal processing module is used to process the atmospheric echo signals transmitted by the receiving module according to the signal processing instructions issued by the monitoring and control module. This module obtains the detection data of the jth beam in the i-th detection mode during any detection cycle and transmits the processing results to the data processing module. The signal processing of the atmospheric echo signals includes sampling, quantization, storage, FFT analysis, and other signal processing steps.

[0240] The data processing module is configured to, in accordance with data processing instructions issued by the monitoring and control module, after completing detection of all beams in all detection modes in the first detection cycle, invert the wind profile based on the complete detection data set of the first detection cycle to generate three-dimensional atmospheric wind field information and transmit the information to the display module. Furthermore, (a) when dual-mode or multi-mode wind measurement is employed, invert the wind profile based on the complete detection data set consisting of detection data of the beams of the current detection mode and several consecutive detection modes preceding it, in a time data sequence multiplexing manner, starting from the first detection mode of the second detection cycle to generate three-dimensional atmospheric wind field information. (b) when single-mode wind measurement is employed, invert the wind profile based on the complete detection data set consisting of detection data of all beams in the first polarization direction of the current detection cycle and detection data of all beams in the other polarization direction of the previous detection cycle, in a time data sequence multiplexing manner, starting from the second detection cycle to generate three-dimensional atmospheric wind field information. The data is then transmitted to the display module.

[0241] Display module: used to display the wind profile radar products output by the data processing module according to the display instructions issued by the monitoring and control module.

[0242] The functions specifically implemented by the above modules can refer to the detection methods described in the above embodiments of this application, and will not be repeated here. It should also be noted that the beam switching process can be completed in the antenna module, or in the transmitting module and the receiving module, and the final effect of the two completion methods is the same; in addition, the transmitting module, the receiving module, the TR conversion and the phase shift module can be combined into a transceiver module, and the functions of the transceiver module are the same as the function set of each module before the combination, and the effects of the two module implementation forms in the detection system are the same.

Claims

1. A detection method based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar, characterized in that: The detection method comprises: All J detection beams of the wind profiler radar are divided into two polarization directions. The radar beam direction is periodically switched in different detection modes in different detection cycles using polarization multiplexing. The detection data of the jth beam in the i-th detection mode in any detection cycle are obtained. The integer parameters 1≤i≤I and 1≤j≤J are integer parameters. I is the number of detection modes contained in a single detection cycle. The wind profile is retrieved from the complete detection data set consisting of the detection data of all beams in all detection modes in each detection cycle to generate the atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information, as well as: (a) When dual-mode or multi-mode wind measurement is used, starting from the first detection mode of the second detection cycle, wind profiles are retrieved from a complete detection data set consisting of the detection data of the beams of the current detection mode and several consecutive detection modes before it, in a time data sequence multiplexing manner to generate atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information; (b) When single-mode wind measurement is used, starting from the second detection cycle, the wind profile is inverted from the completed detection data set composed of the detection data of all beams in the first polarization direction of the current detection cycle and the detection data of all beams in the other polarization direction of the previous detection cycle in a time data sequence multiplexing manner to generate the atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information.

2. The detection method based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controlling of the radar beam direction in a polarization multiplexing manner for periodic switching includes: During the detection process of any detection mode, the wind profiler radar beam is sequentially switched to each beam of the first polarization direction and the detection process of each beam is completed, then the wind profiler radar beam is sequentially switched to each beam of the second polarization direction and the detection process of each beam is completed, and then the wind profiler radar beam is switched to the next detection mode; in the next detection mode, the wind profiler radar beam is sequentially switched to all beams with the same second polarization direction as the current one and the detection process of each beam is completed, then the wind profiler radar beam is sequentially switched to all beams of the first polarization direction and the detection process of each beam is completed; Wherein, when J=5, the beams in one of the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction obtained by division include a top beam, a north beam, and a south beam, and the beams in the other polarization direction include a west beam and an east beam; or, the beams in one of the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction obtained by division include a north beam and a south beam, and the beams in the other polarization direction include a top beam, a west beam, and an east beam; when J=3, the beams in one of the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction obtained by division include a top beam and an east / west beam, and the beams in the other polarization direction include a north / south beam; Alternatively, the beam in one of the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction obtained by division includes an east / west beam, and the beam in the other polarization direction includes a top beam and a north / south beam; when I=1, a single detection cycle includes one detection mode, and the current detection mode and the previous detection mode are the same mode in different detection cycles; when I≥2, a single detection cycle includes multiple detection modes executed in sequence according to the mode cycle order, and the current detection mode and the previous detection mode are different detection modes in the same detection cycle, or the current detection mode and the previous detection mode are different detection modes in different detection cycles.

3. The detection method based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection method further comprises: When performing polarization switch switching control during beam switching, after issuing the switching command to the polarization switch for the first time, monitor the response of the polarization switch; When the polarization switch does not switch normally, the switching command is reissued until the polarization switch switches normally or the number of consecutive switching commands reaches a threshold.

4. The detection method based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection method further comprises: In each pulse repetition period of each beam, after radiating the radio frequency signal into the air through the antenna according to the transmit pulse width τ' and waiting for a time period t0 as a non-sampling time including a guard time slot, the atmospheric echo signal received by the antenna is sampled according to a sampling time interval τ to obtain multiple sampling signal data and processed to obtain the detection data of the beam, and the transmit pulse width τ' is greater than the sampling time interval τ.

5. The detection method based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar according to claim 4, characterized in that: The atmospheric echo signal received by the antenna at sampling time t n Perform the nth sampling to obtain the n Sampling signal data of altitude layer s n : Where s n represents the nth sampling signal data, c represents the speed of light, h represents the radial distance in the detection direction, and f(h) represents the distribution function of the atmospheric echo line density in the detection direction with the radial distance.

6. The detection method based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar according to claim 4, characterized in that: Sampling time interval for receiving echo signals Where ΔH represents the height resolution, and the duration of the transmit pulse width τ' is 1.5 to 4 times the sampling time interval τ.

7. The detection method based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the number of detection modes included in a single detection cycle is I=1 and single-mode wind measurement is used, the wind profile is retrieved in a time data series multiplexing manner including: The first wind profile retrieval is performed based on the complete sounding data set consisting of the sounding data of all J beams in two polarization directions in the first sounding cycle; For any x-th detection cycle with x≥2, when the x-th detection cycle first switches the beams of the first polarization direction and then switches the beams of the second polarization direction in sequence, after completing the detection process of the beams of the first polarization direction of the detection mode of the x-th detection cycle, the wind profile is inverted for the 2nd (x-1) time according to the complete detection data set composed of the detection data of the beams of the first polarization direction under the detection mode of the x-th detection cycle and the detection data of the beams of the second polarization direction under the detection mode of the x-1-th detection cycle; and after completing the detection of the beams of the second polarization direction of the detection mode of the x-th detection cycle, the wind profile is inverted for the 2nd (x-1)+1 time according to the complete detection data set composed of the detection data of all J beams under the two polarization directions under the detection mode of the x-th detection cycle.

8. The detection method based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the number of detection modes included in a single detection cycle is I ≥ 2 and dual-mode or multi-mode wind measurement is used, the wind profile is retrieved in a time data series multiplexing manner including: The first wind profile retrieval is performed based on the complete sounding data set consisting of the sounding data of all J beams in all I sounding modes in the first sounding cycle; For any x-th detection cycle with x≥2, starting from i=1, after the x-th detection cycle completes the detection process of all J beams in the i-th detection mode, the I(x-2)+(i+1)-th inversion wind profile is performed based on the complete detection data set consisting of the detection data of all J beams in the first i detection modes in the x-th detection cycle according to the mode cycle order and the detection data of all J beams in the last Ii detection modes in the x-1-th detection cycle according to the mode cycle order; let i=i+1 and repeat until i=I.

9. The detection method based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the number of detection modes included in a single detection cycle is I ≥ 2 and dual-mode or multi-mode wind measurement is used, the wind profile is retrieved in a time data series multiplexing manner including: The first wind profile retrieval is performed based on the complete sounding data set consisting of the sounding data of all J beams in all I sounding modes in the first sounding cycle; For any x-th detection cycle with x≥2, starting from i=1, after the x-th detection cycle completes the detection process of all beams in the first polarization direction under the i-th detection mode, the wind profile is inverted based on the detection data of all beams in the first polarization direction of the i-th detection mode of the x-th detection cycle, the detection data of all beams in another polarization direction under the i-th detection mode before the i-th detection mode of the x-th detection cycle, and the detection data of all J beams in the 1st to I-1th detection modes before the i-th detection mode of the x-th detection cycle, to generate the three-dimensional wind field information of the atmosphere; after the x-th detection cycle continues to complete the detection process of all beams in another polarization direction under the i-th detection mode, the wind profile is inverted based on the detection data of all J beams in the i-th detection mode of the x-th detection cycle, and the detection data of all J beams in the I-1th detection modes before the i-th detection mode of the x-th detection cycle, to generate the three-dimensional wind field information of the atmosphere; let i=i+1 and repeat until i=I.

10. The detection method based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: Using the complete detection data set to invert wind profiles to generate atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information includes: The time dataset S obtained by the nth detection of the jth beam in the i-th detection mode in the complete detection dataset is i,j (n) Perform data preprocessing to generate power spectrum data FFT i,j (n), n∈N + ; FFT of power spectrum data i,j (n) Perform power spectrum analysis and quality control to generate radial detection data RAD i,j (n); Radial detection data RAD i,j (n) Perform consistency check, quality control and profile inversion in the time and space domain to generate the profile detection data OBS of the n'th detection mode of the i-th detection mode i (n'); The profile detection data of all I detection modes in the complete detection data set are pattern spliced ​​to generate the n'th atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information OBS(n").

11. A detection system based on resource reuse in a wind profiler radar, characterized in that: The detection system comprises: Transmitter module: used to transmit electromagnetic wave signals according to the control instructions issued by the monitoring and control module, and transmit the electromagnetic waves to the antenna module through the TR conversion and phase shift module; TR conversion and phase shift module: used to complete the conversion between the transmission process and the reception process, during the transmission process, the electromagnetic wave signal is transmitted from the transmission module to the antenna module, and during the reception process, the atmospheric echo signal sent back by the antenna module is transmitted to the reception module; Antenna module: used to radiate the electromagnetic wave signal transmitted by the TR conversion and phase shift module into the atmosphere, and also used to transmit the atmospheric echo signal to the TR conversion and phase shift module; Receiving module: used to amplify the atmospheric echo signal transmitted by the TR conversion and phase shift module and transmit it to the signal processing module according to the control instructions issued by the monitoring and control module; The TR conversion and phase shift module or the transmitting module or the antenna module or the receiving module is further used to control the radar beam direction to perform periodic switching in a polarization multiplexing manner in different detection modes in different detection cycles according to the control instructions issued by the monitoring control module; Monitoring and control module: used to generate beam switching instructions, transceiver switching instructions, signal processing instructions, data processing instructions and display instructions, and transmit the instructions to each module, while monitoring the working status of each module; Signal processing module: used to complete the signal processing process of the atmospheric echo signal transmitted by the receiving module according to the signal processing instructions issued by the monitoring and control module, obtain the detection data of the jth beam in the i-th detection mode in any detection cycle, and transmit the processing results to the data processing module; A data processing module: configured to generate atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information by inverting a wind profile from a complete detection data set consisting of detection data of all beams of all detection modes in each detection cycle according to data processing instructions issued by the monitoring and control module, and (a) when dual-mode or multi-mode wind measurement is adopted, inverting a wind profile from a complete detection data set consisting of detection data of beams of the current detection mode and several consecutive detection modes before the first detection mode in a time data sequence multiplexing manner, starting from the first detection mode of the second detection cycle to generate atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information; (b) when single-mode wind measurement is adopted, inverting a wind profile from a complete detection data set consisting of detection data of all beams in the first polarization direction of the current detection cycle and detection data of all beams in the other polarization direction of the previous detection cycle in a time data sequence multiplexing manner, starting from the second detection cycle; and transmitting the data to a display module; Display module: used to display the atmospheric three-dimensional wind field information output by the data processing module according to the display instructions issued by the monitoring and control module; Alternatively, the transmitting module, the receiving module, the TR conversion and the phase shifting module are combined into a transceiver module, and the functions of the transceiver module are the same as the functions of the modules before the combination.

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