A plunger pump

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of liquid pump technology, specifically referring to a plunger pump. The pump head has four plunger holes arranged in a matrix, each containing an inlet check valve. Each plunger hole is connected to an outlet pipe on the pump head, with a first outlet check valve within the outlet pipe. A water collection channel is also provided within the pump head, connected to each outlet pipe via a connecting hole. The outlet hole is connected to the water collection channel, and a second outlet check valve is installed on the outlet hole. The pump head also includes a return water channel and a pressure regulating valve hole, which are connected to the water collection channel. A pressure regulating valve is installed within the pressure regulating valve hole. The outlet hole and pressure regulating valve hole are angled on the pump head. The outer ends of the second outlet check valve and pressure regulating valve extend outside the pump head and are located on either side of the inlet hole. This invention uses a matrix arrangement of the four plunger holes instead of the traditional linear side-by-side layout sharing the same water collection and return channels, saving space and materials.

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of liquid pump technology, and specifically refers to a plunger pump. Background technology:

[0002] A piston pump is an important component of a hydraulic system. It relies on the reciprocating motion of a piston within a cylinder to change the volume of a sealed working chamber, thereby achieving the functions of suction and pressure pumping.

[0003] Existing plunger pumps typically consist of a pump body, a pump head, and plungers, with the pump head containing linearly arranged plunger orifices. However, in current designs, the outlet and pressure regulating valve are arranged perpendicular to the plunger orifices. This orthogonal arrangement results in a bulky pump head structure and an overall large size. Summary of the Invention:

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a plunger pump with a smaller volume for the same displacement.

[0005] This invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] A plunger pump includes a pump body, a pump head, and a plunger. The pump head has an inlet and an outlet. Four plunger holes are arranged in a matrix within the pump head. The plunger is driven by a drive mechanism to reciprocate within the plunger holes. An inlet check valve is installed within each of the four plunger holes. An outlet pipe, communicating with the corresponding plunger hole, is installed on the pump head next to each plunger hole. A first outlet check valve is installed within the outlet pipe. A water collection channel is also provided within the pump head, communicating with each outlet pipe through a connecting hole. The first outlet check valve controls the plunger. The outlet hole is connected to the water collection channel, and a second outlet check valve is installed on the outlet hole. The pump head is also provided with a return water channel and a pressure regulating valve hole, which are connected to the water collection channel. A pressure regulating valve is installed in the pressure regulating valve hole to control the opening and closing of the return water channel and the water collection channel. The outlet hole and the pressure regulating valve hole are obliquely arranged on the pump head and are distributed in a figure-eight shape. The outer ends of the second outlet check valve and the pressure regulating valve extend out of the pump head and are located on both sides of the inlet hole.

[0007] In the aforementioned plunger pump, the outlet pipe is perpendicular to the axis of the plunger bore.

[0008] In one of the aforementioned plunger pumps, the water collection channel is located at the center of the matrix.

[0009] In the aforementioned plunger pump, the water inlet is located on the pump cover, which is placed on the pump head. The pump cover and the pump head form a water inlet chamber, and the plunger hole communicates with the water inlet chamber.

[0010] In the aforementioned plunger pump, the water outlet and the pressure regulating valve orifice are connected via an unloading drive channel.

[0011] In the aforementioned plunger pump, the plunger is a stepped shaft, including a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end. A bushing is fitted on the small-diameter end, and the outer cylindrical surface of the bushing is slidably connected to the plunger bore. A sealing element is provided between the bushing and the plunger bore, and the diameter of the bushing is larger than the diameter of the large-diameter end.

[0012] In the aforementioned plunger pump, a stepped surface is formed between the large-diameter end and the small-diameter end, and a locking nut is provided on the portion of the small-diameter end that extends out of the bushing to limit the bushing between the stepped surface and the locking nut.

[0013] In the aforementioned plunger pump, the pump body is provided with an oil filling port and an oil drain port, and an oil filling plug and an oil drain plug are respectively provided at the oil filling port and the oil drain port.

[0014] In the aforementioned plunger pump, an exhaust port communicating with the internal cavity of the pump body is provided on the pump body between the oil filling port and the oil drain port, and an exhaust plug is provided on the exhaust port.

[0015] The outstanding advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0016] 1. This invention uses a matrix distribution of four plunger holes instead of the traditional linear side-by-side layout that shares the same water inlet and outlet channels, saving space and materials. The outlet holes and pressure regulating valve holes are arranged obliquely, utilizing the internal space of the pump head for cross-flow convergence. Compared with the vertical split design, this reduces the thickness of the pump head, thereby reducing the pump head volume and material usage.

[0017] 2. In this invention, the water outlet pipe is perpendicular to the axis of the plunger hole, which can make full use of the internal space of the pump head and further reduce the volume of the pump head. Moreover, the water outlet pipe is directly and perpendicularly connected to the plunger hole, and the water flow direction is quickly changed from axial (plunger movement direction) to radial (water outlet pipe direction), reducing turbulence and pressure loss caused by traditional elbows or long transition channels.

[0018] 3. The present invention has a bushing fitted on the plunger. The larger the diameter of the bushing, the larger the volume of the negative pressure zone formed in the plunger hole during the plunger return stroke (water suction stage), the faster the water suction speed, and the increased pump discharge. Attached image description:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA section view;

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 BB cross-sectional view.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Pump body; 2. Pump head; 3. Plunger; 4. Inlet hole; 5. Outlet hole; 6. Plunger hole; 7. Swashplate; 8. Inlet check valve; 9. Outlet pipe; 10. Plug; 11. First outlet check valve; 12. Water collection channel; 13. Connecting hole; 14. Second outlet check valve; 15. Return water channel; 16. Pressure regulating valve hole; 17. Pressure regulating valve; 18. Pump cover; 19. Inlet chamber; 20. Unloading drive channel; 21. Bushing; 22. Locking nut; 23. Vent plug; 24. Oil drain plug; 25. Oil filler plug. Detailed implementation method:

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. See also: Figure 1 —4:

[0025] The present invention provides a plunger pump, which includes a pump body 1, a pump head 2 and a plunger 3. The pump head 2 has a water inlet 4 and a water outlet 5. The water inlet 4 is usually connected to a water source, such as a water tank or a tap water pipe, through a pipeline. The water outlet 4 is connected to a spray gun, a spray system, etc. through a high-pressure pipe. The pump head 2 of this invention has four plunger holes 6 arranged in a matrix. One end of the plunger 3 is located inside the pump body 1 and is driven to reciprocate within the plunger holes 6 by a driving mechanism such as a swashplate 7. Each of the four plunger holes 6 is equipped with an inlet check valve 8. Each plunger hole 6 is accompanied by an outlet pipe 9 connected to the corresponding plunger hole 6 on the pump head 2. A plug 10 is installed at the outer end of the outlet pipe 9. A first outlet check valve 11 is installed within the outlet pipe 9. A water collection channel 12 is also provided within the pump head 2. The water collection channel 12 is a high-pressure water channel and is connected to each outlet pipe 9 through a connecting hole 13. In this embodiment, the connecting hole 13 is an oblique hole. The first outlet check valve 11 controls the opening and closing of the plunger holes 6 and the water collection channel 12. The outlet hole 5 is connected to the water collection channel 12, and a second outlet check valve 14 is installed on the outlet hole 5. The pump head 2 is also provided with a return water channel 15 and a pressure regulating valve hole 16. The return water channel 15, the pressure regulating valve hole 16, and the water collection channel 12 are connected. A pressure regulating valve 17 is provided in the pressure regulating valve hole 16, and the pressure regulating valve 17 controls the opening and closing of the return water channel 15 and the water collection channel 12. The water outlet hole 5 and the pressure regulating valve hole 16 are obliquely arranged on the pump head 2, and the water outlet hole 5 and the pressure regulating valve hole 16 are distributed in a figure-eight shape. The outer ends of the second water outlet check valve 14 and the pressure regulating valve 17 extend out of the pump head 2 and are located on both sides of the water inlet hole 4.

[0026] This invention replaces the traditional linear side-by-side layout with a matrix distribution of the four plunger holes 6, which share the same water inlet and outlet channels, saving space and materials. The outlet holes and pressure regulating valve holes are arranged obliquely, utilizing the internal space of the pump head 2 for cross-flow convergence. Compared with the vertical split design, this reduces the thickness of the pump head 2, thereby reducing its volume and material usage.

[0027] Furthermore, the built-in inlet check valve 8 of this invention further reduces the space occupied by external connecting components, simplifying the structure and volume of the pump head 2. In addition, each plunger orifice 6 is connected to the water collection channel 12 via an independent outlet pipe 9 (including the first outlet check valve 11), achieving orderly collection of high-pressure water, reducing water flow pulsation, and improving output pressure stability. The first outlet check valve 11 and the second outlet check valve 14 form a two-stage seal to prevent high-pressure water backflow, ensuring unidirectional flow, improving energy utilization, and reducing pressure fluctuations.

[0028] The present invention can adjust the outlet water pressure through the pressure regulating valve 17. When the pressure inside the pump head 2 is greater than the threshold pressure, the valve core of the pressure regulating valve 17 can be opened appropriately to allow water exceeding the threshold to overflow into the return water channel 15 for discharge.

[0029] In this embodiment, the outlet pipe 9 is perpendicular to the axis of the plunger hole 6, which can make full use of the internal space of the pump head 2 and further reduce the volume of the pump head 2. Moreover, the outlet pipe 9 is directly and perpendicularly connected to the plunger hole 6, and the water flow direction is quickly changed from axial (the direction of movement of the plunger 3) to radial (the direction of the outlet pipe 9), reducing the turbulence and pressure loss caused by traditional elbows or long transition channels.

[0030] The water collection channel described in this invention is located at the center of the matrix. Compared to external manifolds, the built-in central water collection channel saves space, reduces the pump head size, and lowers material costs. Furthermore, it allows for similar outlet pipe lengths for each plunger, reducing pressure loss along the flow path and improving volumetric efficiency.

[0031] It should be noted that the water inlet 4 is located on the pump cover 18, which covers the pump head 2. The pump cover 18 and the pump head 2 form a water inlet cavity 19, and the plunger hole 6 communicates with the water inlet cavity 19.

[0032] The water outlet 5 and the pressure regulating valve hole 17 described in this invention are connected by an unloading drive channel 20. When the pump is shut off, high-pressure water is maintained externally. The high-pressure water passes through the second water outlet check valve 14 and the unloading drive channel 20 to fully open the pressure regulating valve 17, thereby achieving the unloading function by preventing water from obstructing the return flow from the pump to the outside of the pump.

[0033] The plunger 3 of this invention is a stepped shaft, including a large-diameter end and a small-diameter end. A bushing 21 is fitted onto the small-diameter end, and the outer cylindrical surface of the bushing 21 is slidably connected to the plunger hole 6. A sealing element is provided between the bushing 21 and the plunger hole 6. The diameter of the bushing 21 is larger than the diameter of the large-diameter end. The larger the diameter of the bushing 21, the larger the volume of the negative pressure zone formed in the plunger hole 6 during the return stroke of the plunger 3 (water suction stage), and the faster the water suction speed. The bushing 21 can be a ceramic bushing or a metal bushing, etc.

[0034] It should be noted that a stepped surface is formed between the large-diameter end and the small-diameter end of the present invention. The portion of the small-diameter end extending out of the bushing 19 is provided with a locking nut 22 to limit the bushing 19 between the stepped surface and the locking nut 20, thereby preventing the bushing 19 from axially moving due to vibration or pressure fluctuations during operation and improving stability.

[0035] The plunger structure of the present invention allows for the replacement of the bushing 19 without disassembling the pump body 1, only by disassembling the pump head 2, which facilitates installation and maintenance.

[0036] The present invention also provides an oil filling port and an oil drain port on the pump body 1, and provides an oil filling plug 25 and an oil drain plug 24 on the oil filling port and the oil drain port respectively.

[0037] In order to effectively remove air from the pump and prevent cavitation, an exhaust port communicating with the inner cavity of the pump body 1 is provided on the pump body 1 between the oil filling port and the oil drain port, and an exhaust plug 23 is provided on the exhaust port.

[0038] The above embodiments are merely one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the shape, structure and principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plunger pump comprising a pump body (1), a pump head (2) and a plunger (3), the pump head (2) having a water inlet aperture (4) and a water outlet aperture (5), characterised in that: The pump head (2) has four plunger holes (6) arranged in a matrix. The plunger (3) is driven by a drive mechanism to reciprocate within the plunger holes (6). Each of the four plunger holes (6) is equipped with an inlet check valve (8). Each plunger hole (6) is connected to a corresponding plunger hole (6) by an outlet pipe (9) on the side of the pump head (2). A first outlet check valve (11) is installed in the outlet pipe (9). A water collection channel (12) is also installed in the pump head (2). The water collection channel (12) is connected to each outlet pipe (9) through a connecting hole (13). The first outlet check valve (11) controls the opening and closing of the plunger hole (6) and the water collection channel (12). The outlet hole (5) and the water collection channel (12) are connected to each outlet pipe (9). The pump head (2) is connected to the water outlet (5), and a second water outlet check valve (14) is provided on the water outlet (5). The pump head (2) is also provided with a return water channel (15), a pressure regulating valve hole (16), and a water collection channel (12). A pressure regulating valve (17) is provided in the pressure regulating valve hole (16). The pressure regulating valve (17) controls the opening and closing of the return water channel (15) and the water collection channel (12). The water outlet (5) and the pressure regulating valve hole (16) are obliquely arranged on the pump head (2), and the water outlet (5) and the pressure regulating valve hole (16) are distributed in a figure-eight shape. The outer ends of the second water outlet check valve (14) and the pressure regulating valve (17) extend out of the pump head (2) and are located on both sides of the water inlet (4).

2. A piston pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet pipe (9) is perpendicular to the axis of the plunger hole (6).

3. A piston pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The water collection channel (12) is located in the center of the matrix.

4. A piston pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet (4) is located on the pump cover (18), which covers the pump head (2). The pump cover (18) and the pump head (2) form a water inlet cavity (19), and the plunger hole (6) is connected to the water inlet cavity (19).

5. A piston pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet (5) and the pressure regulating valve hole (16) are connected through the unloading drive channel (20).

6. A plunger pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plunger (3) is a stepped shaft, including a large diameter end and a small diameter end. A bushing (21) is fitted on the small diameter end. The outer cylindrical surface of the bushing (21) is slidably connected to the plunger hole (6). A sealing element is provided between the bushing (21) and the plunger hole (6). The diameter of the bushing (21) is larger than the diameter of the large diameter end.

7. A plunger pump according to claim 6, characterized in that: A stepped surface is formed between the large-diameter end and the small-diameter end. The portion of the small-diameter end extending out of the bushing (21) is provided with a locking nut (22) to limit the bushing (21) between the stepped surface and the locking nut (22).

8. A plunger pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pump body (1) is provided with an oil filling port and an oil drain port, and an oil filling plug (25) and an oil drain plug (24) are respectively provided at the oil filling port and the oil drain port.

9. A plunger pump according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pump body (1) between the oil filling port and the oil drain port is provided with an exhaust port that communicates with the inner cavity of the pump body (1), and an exhaust plug (23) is provided on the exhaust port.

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