A detection device for the opening degree of a forklift truck reversing valve

Abstract

The application discloses a forklift reversing valve opening degree detection device and relates to the field of hydraulic control.The device comprises an outer shell and a base, at least one guide shaft is installed on the base, a sliding table is arranged on the guide shaft, a detection top rod is installed on the sliding table, the detection top rod is connected with a valve core in the reversing valve, a sliding cylinder part is arranged on the sliding table, a guide cavity is slidably connected between the guide shaft, a gap is left between the cavity wall of the guide cavity and the guide shaft, and a brake mechanism for automatically reducing the speed of the valve core when the opening speed is too fast is arranged between the guide cavity and the guide shaft.The device is installed on a multi-way reversing valve, realizes displacement detection of the valve core of the reversing valve, does not need to install a micro switch compared with a traditional forklift reversing valve, and effectively avoids the situation that the valve core moves too fast by using the brake mechanism, so that the forklift can be applied to a slope operation, frequent start-stop or high-precision cargo loading and unloading scene, and reliable technical support is provided for industrial logistics.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of hydraulic control, in particular to a detection device for the opening degree of a forklift reversing valve. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing requirements of industrial logistics on the efficiency and safety of forklift operation, the control mode of multi-way reversing valve in the traditional hydraulic system gradually exposes its shortcomings. In the prior art, the lifting of forklift forks, the tilting of the mast and other actions rely on the displacement of the valve core to adjust the flow and pressure of hydraulic oil. However, too fast displacement of the valve core will cause the goods to drop, shake or even slide, or cause the risk of overturning due to the tilting angle of the mast exceeding the safety range. The traditional solution is to use mechanical microswitches or limit devices, but such structures have problems such as response delay, easy wear, high maintenance cost, and cannot dynamically adjust the speed of the valve core in real time, making it difficult to meet the needs of slope operation, frequent start-stop or high-precision loading and unloading scenarios.

[0003] In addition, the existing hydraulic system lacks active monitoring and braking mechanism for the displacement speed of the valve core. When the operator makes a mistake, the system cannot intervene in time, resulting in safety hazards. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can accurately detect the displacement of the valve core and dynamically suppress the displacement speed to improve the stability and safety of the forklift in complex working conditions. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a detection device for the opening degree of a forklift reversing valve to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: a detection device for the opening degree of a forklift reversing valve, comprising a housing and a base, at least one guide shaft is installed on the base, a sliding table is provided on the guide shaft, a detection top rod is installed on the sliding table, the detection top rod is connected between the valve core in the reversing valve, a sliding cylinder part is provided on the sliding table, a guide cavity is provided in the sliding cylinder part, the guide cavity is connected with the guide shaft in sliding mode, a gap is left between the cavity wall of the guide cavity and the guide shaft, a braking mechanism is provided between the guide cavity and the guide shaft for automatic deceleration of the valve core when the opening speed is too fast, and a detection assembly is provided between the sliding table and the base for detection of the moving distance of the valve core.

[0006] Preferably, the braking mechanism includes a top ring and a brake ring. The brake ring is fixedly installed on the side wall of the guide cavity. The brake ring has an inner groove. An annular inflatable shrinkable member is fixedly installed on the side wall of the inner groove. A brake plate is slidably installed between the upper and lower side walls of the inner groove. The concave end face of the brake plate abuts against the annular inflatable shrinkable member. A brake pin is fixedly installed on the brake plate. A slider is slidably connected to the edge of the inner groove. The brake pin slides through the through hole of the slider. A brake rope is connected between the slider and the top ring. The brake rope is spirally wound around the guide shaft.

[0007] Preferably, the braking mechanism further includes an air intake portion disposed on the side of the slide cylinder portion. The air intake portion is hollow inside and has an opening on the side facing the base. An air intake groove is disposed in the inner cavity of the air intake portion, and the air intake groove extends through the guide cavity. An air intake end is fixedly installed on the brake ring body. The air intake end is interconnected with the air inlet of the annular inflation and contraction member, and the air intake end is fixedly connected in the air intake groove.

[0008] Preferably, the guide shaft is provided with a spiral groove, and the brake pin can extend into the spiral groove and slide along the spiral groove.

[0009] Preferably, the opening end of the air intake facing the base is flared, and a vent is provided on the other side of the air intake.

[0010] Preferably, the side wall of the guide cavity is provided with an embedded groove, the air inlet groove passes through the embedded groove, the brake ring body is fixedly installed in the embedded groove, and the slide is provided with an inner cavity at the position of the guide cavity, and the top ring body is embedded in the inner cavity.

[0011] Preferably, the detection component includes a sensing circuit board and a magnet. The magnet is fixedly mounted on the slide, and the sensing circuit board is fixedly mounted on the base. The sensing circuit board is parallel to the end face of the base. The sensing circuit board senses the movement of the magnet and detects the movement distance of the valve core.

[0012] Preferably, an elastic reset member is sleeved on the guide shaft, with one end of the elastic reset member connected to the slide cylinder and the other end connected to the base.

[0013] Preferably, a column cover is fixedly installed on the outer shell, and an installation sleeve is installed in the central hole of the column cover, through which the detection rod slides.

[0014] Preferably, the outer shell is provided with an inner cavity one and an inner cavity two, and the sensing circuit board is installed in the inner cavity two.

[0015] In summary, the beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0016] This invention, by installing this design at a multi-way directional valve, enables displacement detection of the valve core. Compared to traditional forklift directional valves, it eliminates the need for microswitches and extends the travel distance. Simultaneously, the braking mechanism effectively prevents excessively rapid valve core movement, making the forklift suitable for scenarios involving ramp operations, frequent starts and stops, or high-precision loading and unloading. This provides reliable technical support for industrial logistics. In contrast to traditional forklift operation, where operator error causes excessive valve core movement, even if the operator reacts, the operating system cannot provide timely feedback. This invention applies braking when the valve core moves rapidly, giving the operator time to correct the movement and effectively preventing problems. If the movement is not due to error, the operator does not need to correct it; after braking once, the valve core will return to its set position. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a forklift directional valve opening detection device according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a forklift directional valve opening detection device according to the present invention from another perspective.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing of a component in a forklift directional valve opening detection device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a forklift directional valve opening detection device according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the slide table component of the forklift directional valve opening detection device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the slide table component of the forklift directional valve opening detection device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the guide shaft of a forklift directional valve opening detection device according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8This is a partial structural diagram of the guide shaft of the forklift reversing valve opening detection device component of the present invention, located in the guide cavity;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the brake ring body, a component of a forklift directional valve opening detection device according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the brake ring body, a component of the forklift directional valve opening detection device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 11 This is a partial structural diagram of the air inlet slot of the forklift directional valve opening detection device of the present invention.

[0029] The markings in the attached diagram are described as follows: outer shell 10; column cover 11; mounting ear 12; inner cavity one 13; inner cavity two 14; base 15; sensing circuit board 16; detection top rod 18; mounting sleeve 19; slide table 20; slide cylinder 21; air inlet 22; guide cavity 23; concave cavity 24; embedded groove 25; top hole 26; magnet 27; top ring body 28; guide shaft 29; spiral groove 31; brake ring body 32; air inlet end 33; brake rope 34; annular inflation and contraction component 35; brake plate 36; brake column 37; slider 38; inner groove 39; air inlet groove 40. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which are only used to illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0031] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description of the invention will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several embodiments of the invention. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of the invention will be more thorough and complete.

[0032] All features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in all disclosed methods or processes, may be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.

[0033] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any appended claims, abstract, and drawings) may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features for a similar purpose, unless specifically stated otherwise. That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is merely one example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0034] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of at least two elements or the interaction relationship of at least two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] When a forklift is handling goods, its hydraulic system's directional valves (especially multi-way directional valves) precisely control the lifting, tilting, and lateral movement of the forks by controlling the flow, on / off state, and pressure of the hydraulic fluid. Different valves control different valve cores in different handling scenarios to achieve specific forklift actions. Therefore, detecting the position and displacement distance of the valve core is crucial for forklift control. This includes controlling the lifting / lowering speed of goods during handling. The displacement of the valve core directly affects the flow and pressure of the hydraulic oil, thereby controlling the lifting and lowering speed of the forks. For example:

[0036] Insufficient displacement: Insufficient oil flow causes slow lifting and lowering of the forks, affecting operational efficiency;

[0037] Excessive displacement: High hydraulic pressure may cause the forks to drop suddenly or the goods to shake, or even damage the goods.

[0038] Excessive displacement can cause goods to rise or fall too quickly, reducing their stability and potentially damaging them or causing accidents.

[0039] Within the gantry tilt angle, the valve core displacement determines the range of the gantry's forward / backward tilt angle, affecting cargo stability, for example:

[0040] Insufficient forward tilt angle: The center of gravity of the cargo shifts forward, which may cause it to slip (when driving downhill);

[0041] Excessive tilt angle: The center of gravity of the cargo shifts backward, increasing the risk of rollover;

[0042] Significance of the test: By detecting the displacement of the valve core, it can be ensured that the gantry tilts within a safe range;

[0043] If the valve core moves too fast at an incline, the gantry tilt angle will exceed the set range. The gantry may suddenly tilt to its limit position and cannot be adjusted in time. The angle deviation may cause the center of gravity of the cargo to deviate from the safe range.

[0044] Therefore, during forklift operation, if the valve core moves too quickly, causing the hydraulic system to be unable to adjust the oil flow and pressure in time, the operator's instructions and the actual mast actions will be out of sync, increasing the operational risk.

[0045] For this purpose, please refer to Figures 1-11This invention provides an embodiment of a forklift directional valve opening detection device that detects the displacement of the valve core while preventing excessively rapid displacement. Specifically, it includes a housing 10, a base 15, and a cap 11. Two guide shafts 29 are mounted on the base 15, symmetrically distributed about the center of the base 15. A slide 20 is provided between the two guide shafts 29, and slide cylinders 21 are distributed on both sides of the slide 20. A return spring is sleeved on each guide shaft 29, with one end of the return spring connected to the... The two slide cylinders 21 are connected to each other, with one end connected to the base 15. Each slide cylinder 21 has a guide cavity 23. Two guide shafts 29 slide through their respective guide cavities 23, with a gap between the cavity wall of the guide cavity 23 and the guide shaft 29; they are not completely fitted together. A concave cavity 24 is provided at the top of the slide table 20. A top ring 28 is installed in the concave cavity 24 and slidably sleeved on the guide shaft 29. The inner sidewall of the top ring 28 is fitted to the guide shaft 29. The bottom of the slide section 21 is also fitted with a guide ring inner ring sidewall that fits against the guide shaft 29. A top hole 26 is provided between the two concave cavities 24, in which a detection rod 18 can be installed. A column cover 11 is fixedly installed on the outer casing 10, and an mounting sleeve 19 is installed in the center hole of the column cover 11. The detection rod 18 slides through the mounting sleeve 19. The detection rod 18 is connected to the valve core in the reversing valve. The movement of the valve core pushes the detection rod 18, causing the slide table 20 to slide. A groove is formed on the guide cavity 23 to embed and install a magnet 27. A sensing circuit board 16 is fixedly installed on the base 15. The sensing circuit board 16 is parallel to the magnet 27, so that during the movement of the magnet 27, the sensing circuit board 16 can detect the movement distance of the magnet 27, thereby detecting the displacement distance of the valve core. The sensing circuit board 16 includes a Hall element and its related circuit. The Hall element can sense changes in the surrounding magnetic field. As the magnet moves, the magnetic field strength sensed by the Hall sensor will change accordingly. By analyzing these changes, the relative position or movement distance of the magnet can be determined. A braking mechanism is provided in the inner cavity of the guide cavity 23 between the guide shaft 29 and the guide cavity 23 to automatically decelerate the valve core when the opening speed is too fast, thereby effectively preventing the valve core from affecting the control of the forklift when it moves too fast.

[0046] For example, when a forklift lifts goods, the first step is to operate the lever to push the first valve core in the multi-way directional valve, introducing oil from the inlet into the lifting cylinder, driving the forks to rise. The first valve core is displaced, pushing the detection rod 18 to move, thereby causing the slide 20 to slide along the guide shaft 29. At this time, the sensing circuit board 16 senses and detects the sliding distance of the magnet 27 to detect the displacement distance of the valve core, thereby controlling the opening. If the valve core moves too fast, the braking mechanism will immediately brake the slide 20.

[0047] The following reference Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 Figure 10 shows the outer shell and Figure 11 The braking mechanism will be described in detail how it responds to situations where the valve core moves too quickly.

[0048] Specifically, the braking mechanism includes a brake ring body 32, which is installed in the guide cavity 23. In one installation configuration, an inner groove 25 is provided on the side wall of the guide cavity 23, and the brake ring body 32 is embedded in the inner groove 25. An inner groove 39 is provided in the brake ring body 32, and an annular inflatable shrinkable element 35 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the inner groove 39. The annular inflatable shrinkable element 35 is configured to shrink using gas and can be an annular airbag, etc. A brake plate 36 is slidably installed between the upper and lower side walls of the inner groove 39. The concave end face of the brake plate 36 abuts against the annular inflatable shrinkable element 35, so that after the annular inflatable shrinkable element 35 expands with air, the inner arc surface can be embedded into the brake plate 36, making the support of the brake plate 36 more stable. A brake pin 37 is fixedly installed on the brake plate 36. The edge of the inner groove 39... A slider 38 is slidably connected at the edge, and the brake pin 37 slides through the through hole of the slider 38. A brake rope 34 is connected between the slider 38 and the top ring 28. The upper half of the brake rope 34 is elastically spirally wound around the guide shaft 29, while the lower half is rigidly connected to the slider 38. Thus, in the initial state, the guide shaft 29 and the brake rope 34 are not in contact. The guide shaft 29 is provided with a spiral groove 31, and the brake pin 37 can extend into the spiral groove 31 and slide along the spiral groove 31. Once the slide table 20 slides, the brake pin 37 extends into the spiral groove 31 and slides along the spiral groove 31, which causes the brake pin 37 to rotate around the guide shaft 29, thereby causing the brake rope 34 to tighten and wrap around the guide shaft 29, forming resistance for braking.

[0049] It should be noted that an air inlet 22 is provided on the side of the slide cylinder 21. The air inlet 22 is hollow inside and open on the side facing the base 15. An air inlet groove 40 is provided in the inner cavity of the air inlet 22, and the air inlet groove 40 extends through the inner groove 25. An air inlet end 33 is fixedly installed on the brake ring body 32. The air inlet end 33 is interconnected with the air inlet of the annular inflation and contraction member 35. The air inlet end 33 is fixedly connected in the air inlet groove 40, so that when the valve core moves rapidly, the slide table 20 will also slide rapidly. During the rapid sliding, a large amount of airflow enters from the open end of the air inlet 22, enters the annular inflation and contraction member 35 through the air inlet groove 40 and the air inlet end 33, so that the annular inflation and contraction member 35... The expansion of the inflatable retractable component 35 pushes the brake plate 36 to the edge of the inner groove 39, causing the brake pin 37 to insert into the spiral groove 31 and slide along it. This causes the brake pin 37 to rotate around the guide shaft 29, which in turn causes the brake rope 34 to tighten and wrap around the guide shaft 29, creating resistance for braking. Once the speed decreases, the air intake at the opening of the air inlet 22 is reduced, and the annular inflatable retractable component 35 contracts and resets, causing the brake plate 36 to reset as well. This allows the brake pin 37 to retract and disengage from the spiral groove 31, thus releasing the brake rope 34. The slide 20 can then continue to slide along the guide shaft 29, effectively preventing the valve core from moving too quickly.

[0050] It should also be noted that, in order to further achieve braking when the valve core moves rapidly, in this embodiment, the opening end of the air intake 22 facing the base 15 is set in a trumpet shape to further increase the air intake volume. At the same time, a vent is provided on the other side of the air intake 22. This allows for a higher perception threshold for the valve core's movement speed. When the valve core moves at a relatively fast speed, the airflow enters from the air intake end of the air intake 22, while the vent on the other side allows the airflow to leak out. At this time, the air intake volume needs to be much greater than the airflow leaking out of the vent for excess airflow to enter the air intake groove 40 and fill the annular inflation contraction member 35. This makes the perception of the valve core's movement speed more sensitive and can minimize misjudgment and erroneous braking.

[0051] In another embodiment, the outer shell 10 is provided with an inner cavity 13 and an inner cavity 14 separated by a partition, wherein the sensing circuit board 16 is installed in the inner cavity 14 and the magnet 27 is located in the inner cavity 13.

[0052] In actual operation: In a chemical plant warehouse, it is necessary to move 2000 kg of chemical raw material pallets (1200×1000mm in size). The bottom of the pallet has anti-slip mats, but the goods are easily affected by vibration. The warehouse floor has a slight slope (±1.5°), and the tilt angle of the mast needs to be adjusted frequently to prevent the goods from slipping. At the same time, the goods have high stability requirements and sudden starts and stops need to be avoided.

[0053] Forklift specifications:

[0054] Model: EC3000-3T (Electric Counterbalance Forklift);

[0055] Rated lifting capacity: 3 tons;

[0056] Maximum lifting height: 3 meters;

[0057] Drive method: Electric drive (48V DC motor);

[0058] Hydraulic system: multi-way directional valve control (including 3-way valve core: fork lifting, mast tilting, and side shifting).

[0059] During cargo handling, the first step is to lift the cargo. The forks are raised from the ground to the shelf level. Precise control of the lifting speed is necessary to prevent cargo swaying. The operator pushes the first valve core via a lever to control the forks' ascent. The first valve core moves slowly, allowing oil to flow into the lifting cylinder from the inlet. The forks rise at a uniform speed. The detection rod 18 is pushed by the valve core, causing the slide 20 to slide along the guide shaft 29. The sensing circuit board 16 monitors the displacement distance of the magnet 27 in real time, calculates the valve core opening, and dynamically adjusts the oil flow to ensure smooth fork lifting. However, if the operator accidentally touches the lever, causing the first valve core to move rapidly, it pushes the detection rod 18, and the slide 20 slides at high speed along the guide shaft 29. A large amount of airflow enters the flared opening of the air intake 22 due to the high-speed sliding of the slide, and the airflow passes through the air intake slot 40. The annular inflatable retractable component 35 (annular airbag) is inflated. The inflated annular airbag pushes the brake plate 36, causing the brake pin 37 to insert into the spiral groove 31 of the guide shaft 29. The brake pin 37 slides along the spiral groove 31, causing the brake rope 34 to rotate and wind around the guide shaft 29, forming resistance. The elastic spiral part of the brake rope 34 gradually tightens, and the moving speed of the slide table 20 is limited. When the valve core moving speed decreases, the vent of the air inlet 22 discharges excess airflow, the annular inflatable retractable component 35 contracts, the brake plate 36 resets, the brake pin 37 disengages from the spiral groove 31, the brake rope 34 is released, the slide table 20 resumes sliding along the guide shaft 29, the valve core opening can be adjusted normally, the fork lifting speed returns to normal, and the fork lifting speed is limited in time to prevent the pallet from slipping or the goods from shaking due to the motor rising too quickly.

[0060] During cargo lifting, the gantry tilts back 5° (standard safety angle) to ensure the cargo's center of gravity shifts backward to prevent slippage. The operator pushes the second valve core via the handle to adjust the gantry angle. The second valve core slowly moves, controlling the gantry to tilt back 6° (the cargo's center of gravity shifts backward to prevent slippage downhill). The detection top rod 18 is pushed by the valve core, and the slide table 20 slides along the guide shaft 29. The sensing circuit board 16 monitors the displacement of the magnet 27 and calibrates the gantry tilt angle. The gantry tilts back stably to 6°, the cargo's center of gravity shifts backward, ensuring safe downhill travel.

[0061] If operator error causes the second valve core to shift rapidly, and the mast tilt angle exceeds the set range (e.g., 10°), the valve core will move rapidly, pushing the detection rod 18. The slide 20 will slide at high speed, and the airflow will enter the annular inflation and contraction component 35 through the air inlet groove 40. The airbag will expand and push the brake plate 36. The brake column 37 will insert into the spiral slide groove 31, and the brake rope 34 will wrap around the guide shaft 29, forming resistance. The movement speed of the slide will be limited, thus giving the operator enough time to adjust the mast tilt angle back to the safe range (6°). The mast tilt angle will be corrected in time to avoid the forklift tipping over due to the center of gravity shifting too quickly.

[0062] Finally, during the descent phase, the forks descend to the target shelf level, and the pressure needs to be released slowly to avoid impact with the goods.

[0063] In summary, this example demonstrates how a forklift can effectively address the issue of excessively rapid valve core displacement in heavy cargo handling scenarios. Whether the forks are being raised or lowered, or the mast is tilting, the system can respond and dynamically adjust in real time, ensuring operational safety and efficiency. This design is particularly suitable for scenarios involving ramp operations, frequent starts and stops, or high-precision cargo loading and unloading, providing reliable technical support for industrial logistics. The braking mechanism effectively protects the forklift operation. Compared to traditional forklift operation, where operator error causes the valve core to move too quickly, even if the operator reacts, the operating system cannot provide timely feedback. This application applies braking when the valve core moves rapidly, giving the operator time to correct the movement and effectively preventing problems. If it is not an error, the operator does not need to make corrections, as the valve core will return to its set position after braking once.

[0064] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the invention, but the scope of protection of the invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions conceived without inventive effort should be included within the scope of protection of the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the opening of a forklift truck directional valve, comprising a housing (10) and a base (15), characterized in that: The base (15) is provided with at least one guide shaft (29), a sliding table (20) is arranged on the guide shaft (29), a detection ejector rod (18) is arranged on the sliding table (20), the detection ejector rod (18) is connected between a spool of a reversing valve, a sliding cylinder part (21) is arranged on the sliding table (20), a guide cavity (23) is arranged in the sliding cylinder part (21), the guide cavity (23) is slidably connected with the guide shaft (29), a gap is left between the cavity wall of the guide cavity (23) and the guide shaft (29), a brake mechanism for automatically reducing the speed when the spool opens too fast is arranged between the guide cavity (23) and the guide shaft (29), a detection assembly for detecting the moving distance of the spool is arranged between the sliding table (20) and the base (15), the brake mechanism comprises a top ring body (28) and a brake ring body (32), the brake ring body (32) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the guide cavity (23), an inner groove (39) is arranged in the brake ring body (32), an annular inflation contraction piece (35) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the inner groove (39), a brake plate (36) is slidably arranged between the upper and lower side walls of the inner groove (39), the inner concave end face of the brake plate (36) abuts against the annular inflation contraction piece (35), a brake column (37) is fixedly arranged on the brake plate (36), a sliding block (38) is slidably connected at the edge of the inner groove (39), the brake column (37) slides through the through hole of the sliding block (38), a brake rope (34) is connected between the sliding block (38) and the top ring body (28), and the brake rope (34) is spirally wound on the guide shaft (29).

2. The forklift truck directional valve opening degree detection device according to claim 1, characterized by: The brake mechanism further comprises an air inlet part (22) arranged on the side of the sliding cylinder part (21), the air inlet part (22) is hollow inside and is arranged in an open manner towards one side of the base (15), an air inlet groove (40) is arranged in the inner cavity of the air inlet part (22), the air inlet groove (40) extends through to the guide cavity (23), an air inlet end (33) is fixedly arranged on the brake ring body (32), the air inlet end (33) and an air inlet of the annular inflation contraction piece (35) are in communication with each other, and the air inlet end (33) is fixedly connected in the air inlet groove (40).

3. The forklift truck directional valve opening degree detecting device according to claim 2, characterized by: A spiral sliding groove (31) is arranged on the guide shaft (29), and the brake column (37) can extend into the spiral sliding groove (31) and slide along the spiral sliding groove (31).

4. The forklift truck directional valve opening degree detecting device according to claim 3, characterized by: The open end of the air inlet part (22) towards one side of the base (15) is arranged in a horn shape, and a ventilation hole is arranged on the other side of the air inlet part (22).

5. The fork truck directional valve opening degree detecting device according to claim 4, wherein: The side wall of the guide cavity (23) is provided with an embedded groove (25), the air inlet groove (40) passes through the embedded groove (25), the brake ring body (32) is fixedly installed in the embedded groove (25), and the slide table (20) is provided with an inner recess cavity (24) at the position of the guide cavity (23), and the top ring body (28) is embedded in the inner recess cavity (24).

6. The fork truck directional valve opening degree detecting device according to claim 1, wherein: The detection assembly comprises an induction circuit board (16) and a magnet (27), the magnet (27) is fixedly installed on the slide table (20), the induction circuit board (16) is fixedly installed on the base (15), the induction circuit board (16) is parallel to the end surface of the base (15), the induction circuit board (16) senses the movement of the magnet (27), and the movement distance of the valve core is detected.

7. The fork truck directional valve opening degree detecting device according to claim 5, wherein: The guide shaft (29) is sleeved with an elastic reset member, one end of the elastic reset member is connected between the slide cylinder part (21), and the other end is connected with the base (15).

8. The fork truck directional valve opening degree detecting device according to claim 1, wherein: The outer shell (10) is fixedly provided with a column cover (11), a mounting sleeve (19) is installed in the center hole of the column cover (11), and the detection top rod (18) slides through the mounting sleeve (19).

9. The fork truck directional valve opening degree detecting device according to claim 6, wherein: The outer shell (10) is provided with an inner cavity one (13) and an inner cavity two (14), the slide table (20) is arranged in the inner cavity one (13), and the induction circuit board (16) is installed in the inner cavity two (14).

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