Display panel and display device

Abstract

The invention provides a display panel and a display device, and relates to the technical field of display, the display panel comprises a substrate, and the substrate comprises a first surface facing a display surface of the display panel and a second surface deviating from the first surface; the second surface is used for binding the first function module; the second surface comprises alignment marks, the alignment marks comprise a first alignment mark and a second alignment mark, and the first alignment mark is overlapped with the first functional module in the direction perpendicular to the second surface; the second alignment mark is exposed by the first function module. Therefore, by introducing the first alignment mark and the second alignment mark on the second surface, the binding precision when the first function module is bound on the second surface of the substrate is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display panel and a display device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of display technology, users are placing higher demands on the immersive experience of displays. Borderless displays, a key development trend, are widely used in televisions, mobile phones, commercial displays, and other fields, thanks to their extremely narrow or even imperceptible border design. Especially in scenarios such as video wall displays, borderless technology can significantly improve visual continuity and deliver more stunning display effects.

[0003] However, while borderless designs offer visual advantages, they also present unique manufacturing challenges. For borderless displays, the flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) must be bonded to the non-display surface. Therefore, improving the bonding accuracy of the FPCB to the non-display surface is a pressing technical challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a display panel and a display device, which effectively improve the accuracy when binding a first functional module on a non-display surface.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a display panel comprising a substrate, the substrate comprising a first surface facing a display surface of the display panel and a second surface facing away from the first surface; the second surface is used to bind a first functional module; the second surface comprises an alignment mark, the alignment mark comprises a first alignment mark and a second alignment mark, the first alignment mark overlaps with the first functional module along a direction perpendicular to the second surface; the second alignment mark is exposed by the first functional module.

[0006] In a second aspect, based on the same inventive concept, the present disclosure further provides a display device comprising at least one display panel provided in the first aspect.

[0007] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0008] The embodiment of the present disclosure introduces dual alignment marks (a first alignment mark and a second alignment mark) on the back side of the display panel, i.e., the second side, wherein the first alignment mark overlaps with the first functional module; the second alignment mark is exposed by the first functional module. The first alignment mark can be used to achieve binding alignment between the first functional module itself and the second side of the display panel, which is equivalent to achieving internal micro-alignment. By introducing the second alignment mark, macro-alignment between the automated binding machine and the display panel can be achieved. In this way, a multi-level and multi-dimensional precise reference is provided for the binding of the first functional module, which significantly improves the accuracy of binding the first functional module on the back side of the display panel, thereby reducing the binding defect rate and effectively improving the yield and reliability of product manufacturing.

[0009] In related technologies, the lack of effective external alignment marks increases the difficulty of programming and recognition for automated binding machines, potentially requiring more complex visual recognition algorithms or time-consuming manual adjustments. However, in the disclosed embodiment, the second alignment mark is exposed by the first functional module, allowing the machine to directly, quickly, and accurately recognize this external mark. This simplifies the recognition process for the automated binding equipment and effectively improves the machine's alignment speed and overall production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0012] Figure 1 FIG2 is a schematic plan view of a display surface of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0013] Figure 2 FIG2 is a schematic plan view of a non-display surface of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0014] Figure 3 FIG2 is a partial schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the second surface of the substrate is not bound to the first functional module;

[0015] Figure 4 FIG2 is a partial schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the second surface of the substrate is bound to the first functional module;

[0016] Figure 5Shown is a schematic diagram of a layout of the third alignment mark on the first functional module;

[0017] Figure 6 Shown Figure 3 An AA cross-sectional view;

[0018] Figure 7 Shown Figure 5 A BB cross-sectional view;

[0019] Figure 8 FIG2 is another partial schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the second surface of the substrate is not bound to the first functional module;

[0020] Figure 9 FIG2 is another partial schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the second surface of the substrate is not bound to the first functional module;

[0021] Figure 10 FIG2 is another partial schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the second surface of the substrate is bound to the first functional module; FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the second surface of the substrate is bound to the first functional module;

[0022] Figure 11 FIG2 is another partial schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the second surface of the substrate is bound to the first functional module; FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the second surface of the substrate is bound to the first functional module;

[0023] Figure 12 FIG2 is another partial schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the second surface of the substrate is not bound to the first functional module;

[0024] Figure 13 Shown Figure 1 A CC cross-sectional view of the display panel;

[0025] Figure 14 FIG2 is another partial schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the second surface of the substrate is not bound to the first functional module;

[0026] Figure 15 FIG2 is another partial schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the second surface of the substrate is bound to the first functional module; FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the second surface of the substrate is bound to the first functional module;

[0027] Figure 16 FIG2 is another partial schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the second surface of the substrate is bound to the first functional module; FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the second surface of the substrate is bound to the first functional module;

[0028] Figure 17 FIG2 is another partial schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the second surface of the substrate is not bound to the first functional module;

[0029] Figure 18 FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 19 Shown is another structural schematic diagram of the display device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the scheme of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features therein can be combined with each other in the absence of conflict.

[0032] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0033] With the continuous advancement of display technology, users are placing higher demands on the immersive experience of displays. Borderless displays, a key development trend, are widely used in televisions, mobile phones, commercial displays, and other fields, thanks to their extremely narrow or even imperceptible border design. Especially in scenarios such as video wall displays, borderless technology can significantly improve visual continuity and deliver more stunning display effects.

[0034] However, while borderless design brings visual advantages, it also brings unique challenges to its manufacturing process. Traditional display screens usually use the border space to accommodate driving circuits and signal wiring, and perform corresponding packaging and binding. However, in borderless spliced ​​display screens, in order to achieve the ultimate narrow border, its internal signal transmission path must be specially designed. Specifically, all the signals required to light up the front screen can no longer be directly routed along the front edge like traditional displays. Instead, they must be guided to the back of the screen through the side routing of the display panel and bound to the flexible printed circuit on the back to form an effective signal transmission path.

[0035] During the aforementioned backside bonding process, ensuring accurate alignment is a significant technical challenge. Unlike frontside display bonding, which typically utilizes clearly visible pixel array edges, electrode patterns, or specially designed alignment markers as reference points, the backside bonding area of ​​a display panel often lacks such clear, effective reference markers. This makes precise alignment of the flexible circuit board with the backside bonding pads extremely difficult, easily leading to bonding deviations, which in turn impact signal connection reliability and may even cause product malfunction or reduced yield.

[0036] While the industry currently offers a variety of alignment and bonding technologies, few solutions address the unique side wiring and backside metallization characteristics of borderless video wall displays. Therefore, designing a high-precision, efficient, and easy-to-implement backside bonding and alignment solution within this complex structure and limited reference conditions has become a key technical bottleneck hindering the mass production and performance improvement of borderless video wall displays.

[0037] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a display panel. Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a display surface of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a non-display surface (which may be understood as the second surface below) of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 FIG2 is a partial schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the second surface of the substrate is not bound to the first functional module. Figure 4 FIG2 is a partial schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the second surface of the substrate is bound to the first functional module; please refer to FIG2 Figures 1 to 4 An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display panel 100, including a substrate 00, the substrate 00 including a first surface M1 facing the display surface of the display panel and a second surface M2 away from the first surface M1; the second surface M2 is used to bind the first functional module 10; the second surface M2 includes an alignment mark 20, the alignment mark 20 includes a first alignment mark 21 and a second alignment mark 22, along a direction perpendicular to the second surface M2, the first alignment mark 21 overlaps with the first functional module 10; the second alignment mark 22 is exposed by the first functional module 10.

[0038] Optionally, the display panel provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is a micro-LED display panel, which combines the self-luminous advantages of OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) with the high brightness and long life characteristics of traditional LEDs. The chip size of the micro-LEDs can be micron-level, which allows them to be arranged extremely closely together. This miniaturization makes it possible to achieve higher pixel density and smaller borders. It should be noted that Figure 1 and Figure 2 The display panel with a rectangular structure is used as an example for description, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the display panel may also be embodied in any other feasible shape. Figure 1 The number and arrangement of the light-emitting elements shown in the figure are for illustration only, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0039] When the first functional module 10 is bound to the second surface M2 of the substrate 00, the first functional module 10 no longer occupies the valuable space on the front of the display panel. The signal required for the light-emitting elements on the display surface to emit light can be provided through the first functional module 10 on the second surface M2, which is conducive to achieving an extremely narrow border or even a borderless design of the display panel.

[0040] When using an automated machine to bind the first functional module 10, a feasible implementation method is that a robotic arm or suction cup takes the display panel out of the material box and places it on the workbench of the binding machine. Another robotic arm or mechanism will also send the first functional module 10 into the binding area, and then perform the alignment and binding process. Considering that in the prior art, the back binding of the display panel, especially the back binding in the frameless design, often lacks an effective reference, resulting in difficulty in alignment, low precision, and easy to cause poor binding. Therefore, the embodiment of the present disclosure introduces a double alignment mark 20 (a first alignment mark 21 and a second alignment mark 22) on the back of the display panel, that is, the second surface M2 of the substrate 00, wherein the first alignment mark 21 overlaps with the first functional module 10; the second alignment mark 22 is exposed by the first functional module 10. The first alignment mark 21 can be used to achieve alignment between the first functional module 10 itself and the binding pad P1 of the second surface M2 of the display panel, which is equivalent to achieving internal microscopic alignment. By introducing the second alignment mark 22, macroscopic alignment between the automated binding machine and the display panel can be achieved. This provides a multi-level, multi-dimensional, precise reference for the binding of the first functional module 10. This significantly improves the accuracy of the binding of the first functional module 10 to the pads on the back of the display panel, thereby reducing the binding defect rate and improving the yield and reliability of product manufacturing.

[0041] In the prior art, the lack of effective external alignment marks increases the difficulty of programming and recognition for automated binding machines, potentially requiring more complex visual recognition algorithms or time-consuming manual adjustments. However, in the disclosed embodiment, the second alignment mark 22 is exposed by the first functional module 10, allowing the machine to directly, quickly, and accurately recognize this external mark. This simplifies the automated binding equipment's recognition process, improves the machine's alignment speed, and improves overall production efficiency.

[0042] Optionally, the first functional module 10 includes a flexible circuit board or a control chip. In this way, signals can be transmitted to the signal lines on the first surface M1 of the substrate 00 via the flexible circuit board or the control chip, eliminating the need to attach the flexible circuit board or the control chip to the display surface of the display panel. This allows for an extremely narrow or even borderless display panel design.

[0043] Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a layout of the third alignment mark 23 on the first functional module 10. Please refer to FIG. Figures 2 to 5In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the first functional module 10 includes a third alignment mark 23, which corresponds to the first alignment mark 21. Optionally, the first functional module 10 includes a pad P3, which corresponds to the binding pad P1 on the display panel.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a high-precision internal alignment system is formed by setting a first alignment mark 21 on the substrate 00 and setting a corresponding third alignment mark 23 on the first functional module 10. This enables the binding machine to accurately identify and align the positional relationship between the first functional module 10 and the pad on the back of the display panel. At the same time, combined with the second alignment mark 22 for macroscopic alignment of the machine, a multi-level, highly coordinated alignment system is formed. This significantly improves the alignment accuracy of the first functional module 10 when it is bound to the binding pad P1 on the back of the display panel, thereby greatly reducing the binding defect rate and significantly improving the yield and reliability of product manufacturing.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the third alignment mark 23 corresponds to the first alignment mark 21, which can be further reflected as the third alignment mark 23 and the first alignment mark 21 are nested. Among them, nested alignment is a high-precision alignment strategy, which usually involves two or more alignment marks with a specific geometric relationship, where one mark is located inside, around, or related to each other in some way of inclusion / intersection of another mark. Simple point-to-point or line-to-line alignment may only be good at calibrating translation (X / Y direction), but has limited calibration capabilities for rotation errors. Nested alignment, due to the complexity of its geometric structure, can provide precise X and Y direction translation calibration and rotation angle calibration at the same time. For example, if two concentric circles are not completely aligned, the visual system in the automated binding machine can easily detect their center offset; if an internal cross mark has a slight rotation relative to the external box, it can also be immediately recognized.

[0046] Therefore, in the disclosed embodiment, a highly precise internal alignment system is formed by providing a first alignment mark 21 on the second surface M2 of the substrate 00 and a third alignment mark 23 on the first functional module 10 that is "nested" and aligned with the first alignment mark 21. This nested design allows the binding machine to simultaneously calibrate the X and Y translational and rotational deviations of the first functional module 10 within a tighter tolerance range, achieving submicron or even nanometer-level precision alignment.

[0047] Figure 6 Shown Figure 3 An AA cross-section diagram, Figure 7 Shown Figure 5 A BB cross-section diagram, please refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 When the first alignment mark 21 and the third alignment mark 23 are nested and aligned, a feasible implementation method is that the first alignment mark 21 includes at least one protrusion 211 protruding from the second surface M2, and the third alignment mark 23 includes a recessed portion 231 arranged on the surface of the first functional module 10 facing the second surface M2, and the protrusion 211 is located in the recessed portion 231.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a protruding first alignment mark 21 (protruding portion 211) is provided on the back of the substrate 00, and a recessed third alignment mark 23 (recessed portion 231) is provided on the corresponding surface of the first functional module 10 (flexible circuit board or control chip), and the protruding portion 211 is precisely positioned in the recessed portion 231 to achieve physical nested alignment. This design not only provides a high-precision visual alignment reference (identifying the relative positions of the protruding portion 211 and the recessed portion 231 through the visual system), but more importantly, the design introduces physical mechanical limits. Once the protruding portion 211 falls into the recessed portion 231, the X and Y translation and rotation errors of the first functional module 10 will be physically constrained and almost eliminated, thereby achieving extremely high alignment accuracy and stability, even surpassing the limits that can be achieved by pure visual alignment. This combination of visual and physical alignment mechanism significantly improves the accuracy of aligning the flexible circuit board or control chip with the binding pad P1 on the back of the display panel, effectively reducing or even eliminating slight displacement after binding, significantly reducing the binding defect rate, and helping to maximize product manufacturing yield.

[0049] Figure 8 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 They are respectively another partial schematic diagram of the display panel provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure when the second surface M2 of the substrate 00 is not bound to the first functional module 10, please refer to Figure 8 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the first alignment mark 21 includes a plurality of protrusions 211 , and the plurality of protrusions 211 are arranged in a triangle, a rectangle, an L shape, or a cross shape. Figure 3 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 The schemes of arranging the protrusions 211 in the first alignment mark 21 to form a rectangle, a triangle, an L shape and a cross are respectively illustrated.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7, by providing multiple protrusions 211 (first alignment marks 21) arranged in specific geometric shapes (such as triangles, rectangles, L-shapes, or crosses) on the back of the substrate 00, and physically nesting them with corresponding recesses 231 (third alignment marks 23) on the first functional module 10. This multi-point geometric array of convex and concave matching design not only provides high-precision X and Y translation calibration, but more importantly, its unique geometric arrangement effectively and physically limits micro-rotations of the first functional module 10. Once the multiple protrusions 211 precisely fall into the corresponding recesses 231, the displacement and rotation errors of the first functional module 10 in all degrees of freedom are physically constrained and largely eliminated. This design, which deeply integrates visual alignment with precise physical limiting and anti-rotation mechanisms, enables extremely high alignment accuracy and stability when the flexible circuit board or control chip is bonded to the binding pads on the back of the display panel, effectively reducing micro-displacement or rotation after bonding, thereby minimizing the bonding defect rate and significantly improving the yield and reliability of product manufacturing.

[0051] Please continue to refer to Figures 8 to 10 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the second surface M2 is provided with a bonding pad group Z0 for bonding to the first functional module 10. The bonding pad group Z0 includes multiple bonding pads P1. On the second surface M2, multiple first traces L1 extend along a first direction D1 to the bonding pads P1 and are electrically connected to the bonding pads P1. The multiple first traces L1 are arranged along a second direction D2, with the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 intersecting. Along the second direction D2, first alignment marks 21 are located on both sides of the bonding pad group Z0. It should be noted that the extension direction of the first traces L1 refers to the overall extension direction of the traces, and does not limit the first traces L1 to a straight line.

[0052] Please combine Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figures 8 to 10By arranging two first alignment marks 21 on both sides of the binding pad group Z0 on the back side of the substrate and along the second direction D2 of the wiring arrangement, it is equivalent to providing a double calibration point for the binding process. When the first functional module 10 is aligned with the binding pad group Z0 of the display panel, the machine can more accurately determine the position and angular deviation of the first functional module 10 relative to the binding pad group Z0 by simultaneously identifying and aligning the first alignment marks 21 on both sides of the binding pad group Z0. During the binding process, the first functional module 10 may not only have a translation error, but also a slight rotation error. The first alignment marks 21 set on both sides of the binding pad group Z0 can help the binding device detect and correct these rotation errors more effectively. For example, if the first functional module 10 rotates slightly, the relative positions of the alignment marks on both sides and the binding pad group will be asymmetric. The device can adjust according to this asymmetry to ensure that the first functional module 10 is perfectly aligned with the binding pad group Z0, thereby effectively improving the binding accuracy. The improvement in binding accuracy directly leads to an increase in binding yield.

[0053] Please continue to refer to Figures 8 to 10 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, along the second direction D2, the first alignment mark 21 overlaps with the binding pad P1. In this way, the first alignment mark 21 is designed to occupy the same lateral space as the binding pad P1. Assuming that the binding pads P1 in the binding pad group Z0 are arranged in a row along the second direction D2, the first alignment mark 21 is located at both ends of this row. Taking into account that when there is a height or depth difference between the alignment mark and the target binding area, it may increase the difficulty of recognition and calibration of the automated machine. This alignment reference in the same row as the binding target in the embodiment of the present disclosure simplifies the visual recognition difficulty of the machine, greatly reduces the time required for the machine in the fine alignment stage, and significantly improves the binding speed and automated production efficiency.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 10In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, along the second direction D2, the minimum distance between the first alignment mark 21 and the binding pad P1 is 50μm≤d1≤600μm. Considering that the distance between the first alignment mark 21 and the binding pad P1 is too close, for example, less than 50μm, it may lead to increased manufacturing difficulty (for example, the distance between the first alignment mark 21 and the binding pad P1 is too small, resulting in damage to the binding pad P1), or during the binding process, the electrical connection may be affected by overflow of conductive adhesive (such as ACF, Anisotropic Conductive Film). Considering that the distance between the first alignment mark 21 and the binding pad P1 is too far, for example, greater than 600μm, the correlation between the first alignment mark 21 and the actual binding pad group Z0 may be weakened, the alignment accuracy may be reduced, or the limited back space may be wasted. Therefore, the embodiment of the present disclosure precisely controls the minimum distance d1 between the first alignment mark 21 and the binding pad P1 to be between 50μm and 600μm. The minimum distance of 50μm ensures the close association between the first alignment mark 21 and the binding pad P1 to obtain high precision; and the maximum distance of 600μm ensures sufficient alignment baseline length, while avoiding the first alignment mark 21 from occupying too much valuable back space. This precisely controlled spacing allows the first functional module 10 to achieve extremely precise alignment and zero rotation lock with the back binding pad group Z0 at the moment of falling, avoiding alignment errors caused by insufficient space or improper distance. Among them, the baseline refers to the distance between the two first alignment marks 21 corresponding to the same binding pad group Z0. The longer the baseline, the more accurately the system can determine the position or direction of the target object, because small angles or position errors will be magnified at longer distances and thus more easily detected.

[0055] Optionally, 100 μm≤d1≤500 μm, or 200 μm≤d1≤450 μm, or 150 μm≤d1≤300 μm, which is not specifically limited in the present disclosure.

[0056] Please continue to refer to Figures 8 to 10 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the first alignment marks 21 located on both sides of the same binding pad group Z0 have the same shape. For the visual recognition system of the automated binding machine, processing marks of the same shape is simpler, faster, and more reliable than processing marks of different shapes. In addition, it is generally easier to control quality and reduce costs when manufacturing first alignment marks 21 of the same shape in the display panel than when manufacturing first alignment marks 21 of different shapes. Therefore, making first alignment marks 21 of the same shape on both sides of the same binding pad group Z0 is beneficial to improving the alignment efficiency of the automated binding machine, improving production efficiency and production yield, and reducing production costs.

[0057] Please continue to refer to Figures 8 to 10 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the first alignment marks 21 on both sides of the same binding pad group Z0 are symmetrically arranged along the center of the binding pad group Z0. When there is only one first alignment mark 21 during the positioning process, any slight deviation will be directly superimposed. When there are two symmetrical first alignment marks 21, the system can take the midpoint between the two as a more accurate positioning basis. The device can more accurately determine the center position of the binding pad group Z0 by identifying the centers of the marks on both sides, thereby greatly improving the alignment accuracy of the first functional module 10 and the pad. In addition, the symmetrical setting can effectively help detect and correct rotation or tilt errors of the first functional module 10. If the first functional module 10 rotates during binding, the distance or angle of the alignment marks on both sides relative to the pad group will be asymmetric. The machine vision system can immediately identify this asymmetry and compensate for it to ensure precise alignment.

[0058] Furthermore, the symmetrical structure helps achieve more even stress distribution when applied. During the binding process, the symmetrical alignment of the two sides ensures that the first functional module 10 is evenly stressed on the pad, avoiding deformation, warping, or solder joint failure caused by uneven stress, thereby improving the binding firmness and long-term reliability.

[0059] Symmetrical feature points are easier to identify and process for automated equipment, such as machine vision systems. Algorithms can leverage this symmetry for rapid pattern matching and geometric calculations, accelerating the alignment process and improving production efficiency. Improved alignment accuracy and stability translate directly into higher production yields, reducing the number of defective products and the need for rework, thereby lowering production costs.

[0060] Please continue to refer to Figures 8 to 10In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, along the second direction D2, a second alignment mark 22 is located on a side of the first alignment mark 21 that is away from the bonding pad group Z0. Since the second alignment mark 22 is farther away from the bonding pad group Z0 than the first alignment mark 21, it provides a relatively independent, macroscopic reference point for the entire display panel or production line workstation. Automated binding equipment can initially use this second alignment mark 22 for rough but accurate overall positioning. For large-sized display panels or complex production lines with multiple workstations, accumulated mechanical errors may occur as the panel is transferred between different workstations. The second alignment mark 22 can help the automated binding equipment quickly and accurately place the panel at the approximately correct initial position and angle before entering the binding station. The automated binding equipment first uses the second alignment mark 22 to perform extensive movement and adjustment, roughly aligning the display panel with the bonding area. Optionally, the second alignment mark 22 is larger than the first alignment mark 21, making it easier for machine vision systems to quickly identify it. After macro alignment is complete, the micron-level precision vision system is activated, utilizing the first alignment mark 21 located next to the bonding pad group Z0 to precisely align and bond the first functional module 10 to the pad group. Pre-adjusting the macro alignment significantly reduces the search and correction time during the fine-tuning phase, improving overall bonding cycle time (production efficiency).

[0061] Please continue to refer to Figures 8 to 10 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, along the second direction D2, the second alignment mark 22 overlaps with the first alignment mark 21. This is equivalent to the first alignment mark 21 and the second alignment mark 22 being located in the same lateral space or the corresponding lateral spaces overlapping. For example, at least part of the area of ​​the first alignment mark 21 and the second alignment mark 22 may be located in the same straight line. For automated binding equipment, detecting multiple reference points on a straight line is usually easier and faster than detecting reference points distributed in different areas. This helps to reduce the complexity of machine vision and improve alignment efficiency. In some cases, if the alignment marks are distributed on different axes, the machine may slightly affect the other axis when adjusting one axis, resulting in cross-coupling errors. Placing the marks in the same row can reduce this potential error, making the alignment adjustment more independent and precise. If the two alignment marks are not in the same row, the machine may need to make additional adjustments or recalculate the benchmark in different directions when switching from macro alignment to micro alignment, which may introduce new errors. Therefore, along the second direction D2 , the second alignment mark 22 is arranged to overlap with the first alignment mark 21 , thereby reducing the need for such “repositioning” and making the alignment process smoother and more continuous.

[0062] Please continue to refer to Figure 10In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, along the second direction D2, the minimum distance d2 between the second alignment mark 22 and the first alignment mark 21 is greater than the minimum distance d1 between the first alignment mark 21 and the bonding pad P1. The greater distance between the second alignment mark 22 and the first alignment mark 21 provides a longer "baseline" or a wider reference range for the machine's macro-alignment. This means the machine can perform initial positioning over a larger spatial scale. Even if the initial placement of the panel deviates significantly, the machine can more easily capture the second alignment mark 22 and make substantial positional and angular adjustments. This arrangement is particularly advantageous for addressing significant translational or rotational deviations that may exist in display panels before entering the bonding station. The machine can utilize the distant second alignment mark 22 for wide-angle search and substantial corrections, quickly bringing the panel within the visible range of the first alignment mark 21. Conversely, the relatively small distance between the first alignment mark 21 and the bonding pad P1 ensures that the vision system during the fine-tuning phase can focus on micron-level or even submicron-level alignment. This area is the core of high precision, and the smaller distance means that the vision system can accurately identify the tiny features of the pad and the first functional module 10 at high magnification.

[0063] In the automated binding equipment, the machine vision system can first use a larger field of view (lower magnification) to quickly locate the second alignment mark 22. A larger field of view means it is easier to find the target. This helps to quickly move the panel to the approximately correct area. Once the macro alignment is completed, the vision system can switch to a smaller field of view (higher magnification) and focus on the area where the first alignment mark 21 and the binding pad P1 are located. At this time, since the panel is roughly aligned, the small field of view can also completely cover the area required for fine-tuning and provide sufficient accuracy. Therefore, in the present disclosure, the minimum distance d2 between the second alignment mark 22 and the first alignment mark 21 is greater than the minimum distance d1 between the first alignment mark 21 and the binding pad P1. This may make it possible to complete the alignment from macro to micro within the same camera system by adjusting the focal length or switching the lens group, avoiding the cost and complexity of complex robot arm movements or multi-camera systems.

[0064] Please continue to refer to Figure 10In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, along the second direction D2, the minimum distance between the second alignment mark 22 and the first alignment mark 21 is d2, d2 ≥ 200μm. The distance of 200μm is sufficient to ensure that the machine can effectively and accurately correct the overall rotational deviation of the panel when performing overall coarse adjustment on the display panel, laying a good foundation for subsequent micro-fine adjustment. The minimum distance of 200μm ensures that the second alignment mark 22 will not accidentally appear in the high-magnification field of view during the fine-tuning stage (using the first alignment mark 21 and the binding pad P1), preventing the visual system from misidentifying the second alignment mark 22 as a pad or other key feature in the binding area at high magnification, resulting in alignment errors. Ensure the purity of high-magnification images, do not contain unnecessary background information, simplify image processing algorithms, and improve computational efficiency and accuracy. If two cameras are used (one with a wide angle and low magnification for coarse adjustment, and one with a narrow view and high magnification for fine adjustment), the 200μm distance ensures that both cameras can work independently and effectively without complex mechanical movement or optical path adjustments.

[0065] It should be noted that the minimum distance between the second alignment mark 22 and the first alignment mark 21 can be set according to actual conditions, as long as d2 ≥ 200 μm is satisfied and does not exceed the edge of the display panel.

[0066] Please continue to refer to Figures 8 to 10 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the second alignment mark 22 is different from the first alignment mark 21. The first alignment mark 21 is located on both sides of the binding pad group Z0, and is used to achieve microscopic precise alignment of the first functional module 10 with the binding pad group Z0. The second alignment mark 22 is located on the side of the first alignment mark 21 away from the binding pad group Z0, and is used for macroscopic alignment of the machine. When the first alignment mark 21 and the second alignment mark 22 are set to be different, the two alignment marks can be extremely optimized in terms of functions and physical characteristics for their respective alignment stages (the macroscopic machine alignment stage and the microscopic first functional module alignment stage), which significantly improves the recognition efficiency, accuracy and anti-interference ability of the machine vision system, and ultimately improves the overall efficiency, accuracy and yield of the borderless display binding process.

[0067] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the shape of the second alignment mark 22 differs from that of the first alignment mark 21. When the two marks have very different shapes, the machine vision system can quickly and clearly distinguish which alignment mark is the macro mark used for coarse adjustment and which is the micro mark used for fine adjustment. This eliminates recognition ambiguity and prevents the system from misusing marks. Different, highly optimized pattern matching or feature extraction algorithms can be used for marks of different shapes. For example, for the second alignment mark 22 (coarse adjustment), an algorithm can be designed to quickly identify large, simple geometric shapes (such as circles, squares, and strips). These shapes can be larger, simpler, and have higher contrast, allowing them to be quickly and reliably captured even in the wide field of view and relatively low-resolution macro alignment mode. For example, the center point of a large, solid circle or square is easy to calculate. For the first alignment mark 21 (fine adjustment), a more precise algorithm can be used that focuses on identifying fine lines, intersections, or specific patterns (such as crosses, L-shapes, triangles, etc.). The shape of the first alignment mark 21 is usually designed to be more complex and delicate, including sharp edges, clear intersections or precise geometric relationships, and can provide a stable alignment reference under high magnification and small field of view. Even if there are local minor defects, it will not affect the overall alignment accuracy.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 10 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the shape of the second alignment mark 22 is the same as that of the first alignment mark 21, and the size of the second alignment mark 22 is different from that of the first alignment mark 21. If the first alignment mark 21 is a cross, then the second alignment mark 22 is also a cross. Taking into account the function, the second alignment mark 22 (for macro alignment) can be much larger than the first alignment mark 21 (for micro alignment). In this way, the visual system only needs to learn and recognize one basic shape (such as a "cross"). Regardless of the size, its core feature extraction and pattern matching algorithms can be the same. This greatly simplifies the complexity of software development and maintenance and reduces algorithm redundancy. The visual system can be explicitly instructed to look for a "large-sized cross" for coarse adjustment and a "small-sized cross" for fine adjustment, thereby avoiding misidentification of irrelevant background features or marks from another stage.

[0069] Please refer to Figure 3 、 Figures 8 to 10 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the projection of the second alignment mark 22 on the second surface M2 is circular, rectangular, cross-shaped, or L-shaped. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure only illustrate several possible shapes of the second alignment mark 22, but do not limit the actual shape of the second alignment mark 22. In actual applications, the second alignment mark 22 can be designed into any feasible shape as needed.

[0070] In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the second alignment mark 22 and the first alignment mark 21 are located in the same metal layer. If the two alignment marks are located in the same metal layer, they can be patterned simultaneously during the same photolithography, metal deposition, and etching process steps. This avoids the complex process of performing multiple masks, multi-layer deposition, and etching for different marks, which directly reduces the number of manufacturing steps. Fewer process steps means a shorter production cycle, thereby improving production efficiency and capacity. This reduces the demand for masks, photoresists, chemicals, and equipment usage time, directly reducing the manufacturing cost of each display panel.

[0071] Figure 11 FIG. 1 is another partial schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the second surface M2 of the substrate 00 is bound to the first functional module 10. Please refer to FIG. Figure 11 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the second surface M2 includes at least two binding pad groups Z0 arranged along the second direction D2, and the binding pad groups Z0 are bound to different first functional modules 10; there are two second alignment marks 22 between adjacent binding pad groups Z0 along the second direction D2.

[0072] For some large-sized display panels, at least two first functional modules 10 are usually required to be bound to the back of the display panel, and different first functional modules 10 are used to drive different areas, or different first functional modules 10 are responsible for different functions, for example, one first functional module 10 is responsible for the display signal, and the other first functional module 10 is responsible for the touch signal. The first alignment mark 21 ensures the precise binding of each first functional module 10 to its corresponding binding pad group Z0. The second alignment mark 22 is located between adjacent binding pad groups Z0. It can not only be used for machine alignment, but more importantly, it can serve as a calibration reference between the binding positions of different first functional modules 10. This means that even if the first functional modules 10 are bound in batches or regions, these second alignment marks 22 can ensure their relative position accuracy on the entire panel. On a long strip or large display panel, if multiple first functional modules 10 need to be bound sequentially, if there is no precise intermediate alignment mark, it may cause errors to accumulate during the binding process. Therefore, the two second alignment marks 22 between adjacent bonding pad groups Z0 in the embodiment of the present disclosure effectively provide a local alignment reference, minimize the cumulative error, and ensure the overall layout accuracy of all first functional modules 10 on the panel.

[0073] Figure 12 FIG. 1 is another partial schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the second surface M2 of the substrate 00 is bound to the first functional module 10. Please refer to FIG. Figure 12In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the second surface M2 includes at least two binding pad groups Z0 arranged along the second direction D2, and the binding pad groups Z0 are bound to different first functional modules 10; there is a second alignment mark 22 between adjacent binding pad groups Z0 along the second direction D2.

[0074] In this embodiment, a second alignment mark 22 is shared between every two adjacent binding pad groups Z0. One second alignment mark 22 can simultaneously provide a macro alignment (coarse adjustment) reference for the two adjacent binding pad groups Z0 on both sides of it. This is more efficient than equipping each binding pad group Z0 with an independent second alignment mark 22, and significantly reduces the total number of macro alignment marks on the panel. Especially in the limited non-display area of ​​a borderless display screen, this shared design can make more efficient use of valuable space without sacrificing alignment accuracy. Reducing the number of marks means that fewer features need to be patterned during the manufacturing process, which may reduce the complexity and cost of lithography and etching.

[0075] Figure 13 Shown Figure 1 A CC-direction cross-section of the display panel, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 13 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the first surface M1 includes a connecting pad P2, and the second surface M2 includes a binding pad group Z0 for binding to the first functional module 10, and the binding pad group Z0 includes a plurality of binding pads P1; the display panel also includes a connecting trace L, and the connecting trace L is used to connect the connecting pad P2 of the first surface M1 and the binding pad P1 of the second surface M2, and the connecting trace L is wired at least on the side of the substrate 00.

[0076] The driving circuits and signal lines of traditional display screens are usually located at the edge of the display area, that is, at the display panel, occupying valuable frame space. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, by moving the binding point to the back, the connection pad P2 of the first surface M1 and the binding pad P1 of the second surface M2 are connected by the connecting line L, wherein the connection pad P2 of the first surface M1 can be connected to the signal line of the first surface M1, such as the data line, to realize signal transmission between the second surface M2 and the first surface M1. The side wiring completely frees up the edge space of the front of the display area, so that the frame width can reach the physical limit. The front frame of the display area can be made extremely narrow or even frameless, thereby greatly enhancing the immersiveness and visual impact of the screen.

[0077] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present disclosure only illustrates a method of wiring from one side of the substrate 00. In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, wiring can also be set to be performed on both sides of the substrate 00 according to actual needs. At this time, binding pads can be introduced in the area of ​​the second side of the substrate close to the aforementioned side to bind the first functional modules respectively. The present disclosure does not make specific limitations on this.

[0078] Please continue to refer to Figure 13 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the connecting trace L includes a first trace L1 provided on the second surface M2 and a second trace L2 provided on the side of the substrate. One end of the second trace L2 is electrically connected to the connecting pad P2, and the other end is electrically connected to the first trace L1. On the second surface M2, multiple first traces L1 extend along the first direction D1 to the binding pad P1 and are electrically connected to the binding pad P1. In this way, the signal starts from the binding pad P1 on the second surface M2, passes through the first trace L1 on the second surface M2 and the second trace L2 on the side in sequence, and the second trace L2 is guided upward along the side of the substrate 00 to reach the connecting pad P2 on the first surface M1 (display surface) of the substrate 00. This design maximizes the release of the edge area on the front of the display screen, making it extremely narrow or even visually borderless. Therefore, the display panel in the embodiment of the present disclosure successfully guides the driving signal from the back of the display surface to the side and then to the front through a segmented signal routing design (combining side routing with back routing), thereby achieving an ultimate borderless visual effect. At the same time, combined with a high-precision multiple alignment marking system, the accuracy and reliability of the back binding process are ensured, effectively solving the core challenges of the borderless display manufacturing process.

[0079] Figure 14 FIG. 1 is another partial schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the second surface M2 of the substrate 00 is not bound to the first functional module 10. Figure 15 FIG. 1 is another partial schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the second surface M2 of the substrate 00 is bound to the first functional module 10. Please refer to FIG. Figure 14 and Figure 15 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the second surface M2 further includes a first dummy trace L01 extending along the first direction D1, the first dummy trace L01 is located on at least one side of the first trace L1 along the second direction D2, and the first dummy trace L01 is floating or not electrically connected to the first functional module 10; the second direction D2 intersects with the first direction D1.

[0080] On the second side M2 ​​(back side) of the display panel, in addition to the first trace L1 connecting the actual signal, there is also a first dummy trace L01 extending along the first direction D1. When the first functional module 10 is hot-pressed and bonded to the back side of the display panel, a certain amount of pressure and heat are usually applied. If there is no dummy trace, there may be differences in thickness, hardness, and thermal response between the first trace L1 (the part with circuit connection) and the trace-free area (blank area) on the second side M2. This difference will lead to uneven pressure distribution during binding and may even cause local stress concentration, thereby affecting the reliable connection of the binding pad P1 and even damaging the trace. Therefore, when the first dummy trace L01 is introduced on the second side M2, an additional structure with a thickness similar to that of the real trace is provided on the side of the first trace L1. This allows the edge of the second side M2 ​​to form a more uniform and flat support surface along the entire second direction D2. During the hot-press bonding process, the first functional module 10 can fit more smoothly and the pressure can be more evenly transferred to all pads, thereby improving the stability and consistency of the binding connection. Furthermore, floating metal traces can be considered a passive electromagnetic shield, helping to suppress the impact of external electromagnetic interference on actual signal traces while also reducing crosstalk between actual signal traces. This is particularly important for high-frequency signal transmission, helping to improve signal integrity and display stability, while reducing issues such as flicker, noise, or color anomalies caused by signal interference.

[0081] Please continue to refer to Figure 14 and Figure 15 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the spacing between any two adjacent first dummy lines L01 is equal. When the dummy lines are arranged at equal intervals, they form a highly uniform physical structure array on the second surface M2 together with the real first lines L1. This means that when the first functional module 10 is hot-pressed and bound, the pressure distribution in the entire binding area will achieve optimal uniformity. This uniform support can minimize local stress concentration or uneven pressure in the binding area, thereby ensuring that each binding point on the first functional module 10 can obtain ideal connection conditions. In addition, the first dummy lines L01 are arranged at equal intervals, which makes the design rules more standardized. During the manufacturing process, the equally spaced repetitive structure is also more conducive to the precision control of processes such as development and etching.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 14 and Figure 15 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the first surface M1 includes a plurality of first leads S arranged in the same layer and extending along the first direction D1; the spacing between adjacent first dummy traces L01 is equal to the spacing between adjacent first leads S.

[0083] By making the lead spacing of the first side M1 equal to the virtual trace spacing of the second side M2, a high degree of synergy is created in the microstructures on both sides of the panel. This not only optimizes the physical uniformity during hot pressing and binding (as mentioned above), but more importantly, it achieves collaborative optimization at the manufacturing process level. In precision manufacturing links such as photolithography and etching, this consistency can significantly improve alignment accuracy and reduce process deviations. In addition, considering that the substrate 00 may be transparent, when the lead spacing of the first side M1 and the virtual trace spacing of the second side M2 ​​are set to be equal, it ensures that the complex internal traces and structures will not cause any visual interference to the front display area, maintaining the purity and immersion of the borderless display.

[0084] Please continue to refer to Figure 14 and Figure 15 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, at least a portion of the first dummy trace L01 extends between the first alignment mark 21 and the second alignment mark 22, and / or, at least a portion of the first dummy trace L01 extends to a side of the second alignment mark 22 away from the binding pad group Z0.

[0085] Alignment marks are critical reference points for precise alignment between automated bonding equipment and display panels. If the area surrounding the marks is physically nonuniform (e.g., thickness, material density), this can cause offset readings by alignment sensors or uneven force applied to the alignment mark during the bonding process. Extending dummy traces between these alignment marks can make the physical characteristics of the area where the marks are located more uniform, reducing local variations.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 14 and Figure 15 , the binding pad group and alignment mark are usually located in the edge area of ​​the display panel. Since these areas are close to the cutting edge or structural corner, edge effects (Edge Effect) are prone to occur during the manufacturing process, resulting in uneven physical properties. By extending the dummy trace to the outside of the second alignment mark 22 (that is, away from the side of the binding pad group Z0), additional physical support and balance can be provided in these critical edge areas. This balance helps to reduce local warping or uneven stress that may occur in the substrate 00 during manufacturing and subsequent processing. Especially during heat treatment or cooling, if the structure of the edge area is uneven, the panel may deform. The presence of the first dummy trace L01 helps to alleviate this deformation and ensure the flatness of the panel.

[0087] Please continue to refer to Figure 14In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, along the second direction D2, the minimum distance between the first alignment mark 21 and the first dummy trace L01 is s1, and the minimum distance between the second alignment mark 22 and the first dummy trace L01 is s2, s1 ≥ 600 μm, s2 ≥ 600 μm.

[0088] The alignment mark is the benchmark for optical recognition and alignment of automated equipment. If the first dummy trace L01 is too close to the first alignment mark 21 or the second alignment mark 22, the first dummy trace L01 may form a shadow, reflection or edge effect in the optical image, interfering with the clarity of the alignment mark and reducing the recognition accuracy. The first dummy trace L01 that is too close to the alignment mark may be mistakenly identified as part of the mark by the recognition algorithm, resulting in an alignment error. The embodiment of the present disclosure sets a minimum distance of 600μm to ensure that there is sufficient clearance around the alignment mark. This ensures that the optical alignment system can clearly and without interference identify the alignment mark, and maintain high-precision alignment even in the presence of certain manufacturing tolerances or optical system resolution limitations.

[0089] Please continue to refer to Figure 14 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, between the first alignment mark 21 and the second alignment mark 22, and / or on the side of the second alignment mark 22 away from the binding pad group Z0, the end face of the first dummy trace L01 is flush with the end face of at least part of the binding pad P1 away from the first trace L1. When the end face of the dummy trace is flush with the end face of the binding pad P1, the entire binding area forms a flatter and more continuous physical support surface in the vertical direction. This eliminates the slight difference that may be caused by the uneven end faces of different components. When the first functional module 10 is hot-pressed and bonded, the contact between the first functional module 10 and the back of the display panel will be tighter and more uniform. This means that the applied pressure and heat can be more consistently transferred to all binding points, thereby improving the quality and reliability of the connection between each binding pad P1 and the first functional module 10, and reducing problems such as cold solder joints and uneven connection strength. This physical uniformity is crucial to improving the binding yield. The flush end face provides a clearer, sharper, and more continuous edge reference for automated visual recognition systems, improving the accuracy and speed of alignment recognition. Whether used to identify the first dummy trace L01 itself or to assist in identifying the bonding pad P1 or alignment mark, this clear geometric boundary significantly improves the accuracy and stability of image processing.

[0090] Figure 16 FIG2 is another partial schematic diagram of the second surface M2 of the substrate 00 of the display panel provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure when the first functional module 10 is bound. Figure 17FIG. 1 is another partial schematic diagram of a display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when the second surface M2 of the substrate 00 is not bound to the first functional module 10. Figure 16 and Figure 17 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the second surface M2 further includes a second dummy trace L02. Along the first direction D1, the second dummy trace L02 is located on a side of the first alignment mark 21 and / or the second alignment mark 22 away from the first trace L1.

[0091] In the disclosed embodiment, the first dummy trace L01 mainly fills the blank areas on both sides of the binding pad group Z0 and the areas on both sides of the alignment mark, and the second dummy trace L02 further extends this "filling" and "balancing" effect to the peripheral area of ​​the alignment mark. This means that the physical structure (such as thickness, material distribution) of the key areas on the back of the entire panel used for binding and alignment will become more highly consistent and uniform. Alignment marks are often located at the edge of the panel or in specific functional areas. These areas may cause local stress unevenness or slight deformation due to structural changes or edge effects during the manufacturing process (such as photolithography, etching, and heat treatment). The second dummy trace L02 can more effectively offset or alleviate these local stresses by providing physical support on the outside of these key points, reduce deformations such as warping, depressions or protrusions 211, and ensure the flatness of the panel. When the physical environment around the alignment mark is highly uniform, the optical sensor of the automated alignment equipment can obtain a clearer, more stable, and more interference-free image of the alignment mark. This stable background helps improve the robustness of alignment recognition, maintaining high-precision alignment even with slight fluctuations in lighting, environment, or equipment.

[0092] Please continue to refer to Figure 16 and Figure 17 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the second dummy trace L02 extends along the first direction D1. Since most of the first traces L1 (actual signal lines) and the first dummy trace L01 extend along the first direction D1, when the second dummy trace L02 also extends along the same direction, the back of the entire display panel (including all functional and non-functional traces) follows a unified, parallel layout pattern. This highly consistent parallel line array structure greatly simplifies the etching process in the manufacturing process. For example, the design of the photolithography mask can be more standardized, and the etching parameters can be optimally unified, thereby ensuring that the width, spacing and edge integrity of all traces and structures on the entire large-area panel are of the highest precision. This is conducive to achieving a higher manufacturing yield and more stable product quality.

[0093] Please combine Figure 13 and Figure 17When the second dummy trace L02 is introduced, optionally, the end of the second trace L2 away from the side of the substrate, the end of the first dummy trace L01 away from the side of the substrate, and the end of the second trace L2 away from the side of the substrate of the binding pad P1 are all flush. In this way, on the back of the display panel, all key structures related to signal transmission and binding (binding pad P1, first trace L1, first dummy trace L01, second dummy trace L02) form a unified and continuous "cut-off line" in the lateral dimension, without obvious height differences or irregular boundaries. This high degree of flatness ensures that when the first functional module 10 is hot-pressed and bounded, the pressure can be extremely evenly distributed on the entire contact surface of the first functional module 10, especially those areas close to the edges or alignment marks. This minimizes local stress concentration and significantly reduces the risk of structural damage caused by cold solder joints, uneven connection strength, or improper force.

[0094] For the vision recognition system of an automated binding machine, the flush ends of all key structures mean that at a certain lateral position, the sensor sees an extremely clear, straight, and continuous physical edge. This "perfect" edge serves as an extremely reliable alignment reference, greatly improving the accuracy and speed of machine recognition.

[0095] In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the second dummy trace L02 and the first dummy trace L01 are arranged on the same layer. In the manufacture of semiconductors and display panels, the formation of each layer of pattern requires independent steps such as photolithography, development and etching. If the first dummy trace L01 and the second dummy trace L02 are arranged on different layers, an additional process cycle is required. Setting them on the same layer means that the two dummy traces can be formed simultaneously in the same photolithography and etching steps. This greatly reduces the number of manufacturing steps, time and required masks. Fewer process steps directly translate into higher production efficiency and greater production capacity, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost per unit product. Optionally, all structures on the second side of the substrate are located on the same metal layer.

[0096] Based on the same inventive concept, the present disclosure also provides a display device, Figure 18 FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a display device 200 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, please refer to FIG2 Figure 18 The display device 200 includes at least one display panel 100 in any of the above embodiments. Figure 15 The embodiment shown is only described by taking the display device including one display panel as an example. In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the display device 200 may also include at least two display panels 100, for example, Figure 19 , Figure 19FIG2 shows another schematic diagram of the structure of a display device 200 provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. This embodiment uses an example of a display device 200 including four display panels 100 arranged in an array, but does not limit the actual number of display panels included. Because the display panels provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can achieve extremely narrow or no borders, when at least two such display panels are spliced ​​together, the entire display device can present a highly coherent and unified image, greatly reducing or eliminating the "black lines" or "fragmented feeling" caused by traditional thick borders, effectively improving the display effect of large-screen display devices.

[0097] The display device 200 provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be any electronic device with a display function, such as a touch screen display, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, an e-reader, a television, or a large-scale display device, or can also be a large-scale display device such as a large advertisement or a large screen in a command center. The display device 200 provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure has the beneficial effects of the display panel provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure. For details, please refer to the detailed description of the display panel in the above embodiments, and this embodiment will not be repeated here.

[0098] It is understandable that Figure 18 and Figure 19 The figure only illustrates one shape of the display device 200 by taking a rectangular structure as an example. In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the display device 200 may also be circular, elliptical or any other feasible shape, and the present disclosure does not specifically limit this.

[0099] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0100] The foregoing description is intended only to provide specific embodiments of the present disclosure, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but rather to be construed in the broadest manner consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that: The substrate includes a first surface facing the display surface of the display panel and a second surface facing away from the first surface; the second surface is used for binding the first functional module; The second surface includes alignment marks, including a first alignment mark and a second alignment mark. Along a direction perpendicular to the second surface, the first alignment mark overlaps with the first functional module; the second alignment mark is exposed by the first functional module.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein: The first functional module includes a third alignment mark, and the third alignment mark corresponds to the first alignment mark.

3. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein: The third alignment mark is nested and aligned with the first alignment mark.

4. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein: The first alignment mark includes at least one protruding portion protruding from the second surface, and the third alignment mark includes a recessed portion provided on a surface of the first functional module facing the second surface, wherein the protruding portion is located in the recessed portion.

5. The display panel according to claim 4, wherein: The first alignment mark includes a plurality of protrusions, and the plurality of protrusions are arranged in a triangle, a rectangle, an L shape, or a cross shape.

6. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein: The second surface is provided with a binding pad group for binding with the first functional module, and the binding pad group includes a plurality of binding pads; On the second surface, a plurality of first traces extend along a first direction to the binding pad and are electrically connected to the binding pad, and the plurality of first traces are arranged along a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction intersect; Along the second direction, the first alignment marks are located on both sides of the bonding pad group.

7. The display panel according to claim 6, wherein: Along the second direction, the first alignment mark overlaps the bonding pad.

8. The display panel according to claim 6, wherein: Along the second direction, a minimum distance between the first alignment mark and the binding pad is 50 μm≤d1≤600 μm.

9. The display panel according to claim 6, wherein: The first alignment marks located on both sides of the same binding pad group have the same shape.

10. The display panel according to claim 6, wherein: The first alignment marks located on both sides of the same bonding pad group are symmetrically arranged along the center of the bonding pad group.

11. The display panel according to claim 6, wherein: Along the second direction, the second alignment mark is located on a side of the first alignment mark away from the bonding pad group.

12. The display panel according to claim 11, wherein: Along the second direction, the second alignment mark overlaps with the first alignment mark.

13. The display panel according to claim 6, wherein: Along the second direction, a minimum distance between the second alignment mark and the first alignment mark is greater than a minimum distance between the first alignment mark and the bonding pad.

14. The display panel according to claim 13, wherein: Along the second direction, a minimum distance between the second alignment mark and the first alignment mark is d2, and d2 is greater than or equal to 200 μm.

15. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein The second alignment mark is different from the first alignment mark.

16. The display panel according to claim 15, wherein: The shape of the second alignment mark is different from that of the first alignment mark.

17. The display panel according to claim 15, wherein: The shape of the second alignment mark is the same as that of the first alignment mark, and the size of the second alignment mark is different from that of the first alignment mark.

18. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein The projection of the second alignment mark on the second surface is in a shape of a circle, a rectangle, a cross or an L shape.

19. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein The second alignment mark and the first alignment mark are located on the same metal layer.

20. The display panel according to claim 6, wherein The second surface includes at least two binding pad groups arranged along the second direction, and the binding pad groups are bound to different first functional modules; A second alignment mark is provided between the adjacent bonding pad groups along the second direction.

21. The display panel according to claim 6, wherein: The second surface includes at least two binding pad groups arranged along the second direction, and the binding pad groups are bound to different first functional modules; Two second alignment marks are provided between the adjacent binding pad groups along the second direction.

22. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein The first surface includes a connecting pad, and the second surface includes a binding pad group for binding to the first functional module, and the binding pad group includes multiple binding pads; the display panel also includes a connecting trace, and the connecting trace is used to connect the connecting pad on the first surface and the binding pad on the second surface, and the connecting trace is wired at least on the side of the substrate.

23. The display panel according to claim 22, wherein: The connecting trace includes a first trace arranged on the second surface and a second trace arranged on the side of the substrate, one end of the second trace is electrically connected to the connecting pad, and the other end is electrically connected to the first trace; on the second surface, multiple first traces extend along a first direction to the binding pad and are electrically connected to the binding pad.

24. The display panel according to claim 23, wherein: The second surface also includes a first dummy trace extending along the first direction, the first dummy trace is located on at least one side of the first trace along the second direction, and the first dummy trace is floating or not electrically connected to the first functional module; the second direction intersects with the first direction.

25. The display panel according to claim 24, wherein: The distance between any two adjacent first dummy traces is equal.

26. The display panel according to claim 24, wherein: The first surface includes a plurality of first leads arranged in the same layer and extending along the first direction; the spacing between adjacent first dummy traces is equal to the spacing between adjacent first leads.

27. The display panel according to claim 24, wherein: At least part of the first dummy trace extends between the first alignment mark and the second alignment mark, and / or at least part of the first dummy trace extends to a side of the second alignment mark away from the bonding pad group.

28. The display panel according to claim 27, wherein: Along the second direction, the minimum distance between the first alignment mark and the first dummy trace is s1, and the minimum distance between the second alignment mark and the first dummy trace is s2, where s1 ≥ 600 μm and s2 ≥ 600 μm.

29. The display panel according to claim 27, wherein: Between the first alignment mark and the second alignment mark, and / or on a side of the second alignment mark away from the binding pad group, an end surface of the first dummy trace is flush with end surfaces of at least some of the binding pads away from the first trace.

30. The display panel according to claim 24, wherein: The second surface further includes a second dummy trace. Along the first direction, the second dummy trace is located on a side of the first alignment mark and / or the second alignment mark away from the first trace.

31. The display panel according to claim 30, wherein: The second dummy trace extends along the first direction.

32. The display panel according to claim 30, wherein: The second dummy routing line and the first dummy routing line are arranged on the same layer.

33. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein: The first functional module includes a flexible circuit board or a control chip.

34. A display device, characterized in that: The device comprises at least one display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 33.

Images