A cross-boundary mining identification and accurate positioning method based on all-weather wireless blasting vibration system

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of based on all-weather wireless blasting vibration system's cross-border mining identification and accurate positioning method, the present application is arranged multiple wireless blasting vibration monitoring equipment, i.e. vibration measuring point in the perimeter of mine, all-weather monitoring the vibration signal generated by blasting mining, the time difference of vibration signal reaches each measuring point;Using the average value of multiple sets of wave velocity components of mining area rock mass calculated by one-way straight line distance between two measuring points;The one-way distance of blast area from each measuring point is obtained, the spatial distance between blast area and measuring point is obtained by repeating operation in three orthogonal directions;With each measuring point as the center of sphere, the spatial distance is radius drawing;By analyzing data intersection, the three-dimensional space model of blast area is inverted, whether cross-border mining behavior exists and the direction of cross-border mining is determined by comparing construction scheme, the rapid positioning and timely stop, economic claim of cross-border mining are implemented.The present application has the significant advantages of accuracy, convenience and relatively low cost, effectively improves the efficiency of mineral resources safety supervision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microseismic monitoring, and in particular to a method for identifying and accurately locating cross-boundary mining based on an all-weather wireless blasting vibration system. Background Technology

[0002] As a pillar industry of my country's national economy, the demand for mineral resources is increasing daily. Because mineral extraction operations are conducted underground, real-time monitoring is difficult. Therefore, not only may companies mistakenly extract minerals, but some may also exploit regulatory loopholes to engage in illegal or excessive mining. Such activities not only result in the loss of mineral resources but also violate relevant laws and regulations and are prone to safety accidents. Current monitoring methods for mining areas mainly rely on two core technologies: microseismic positioning and 4D time-lapse imaging.

[0003] Microseismic location technology locates microseismic events by utilizing their absolute and relative arrival times. Mining environments generate massive amounts of data, and traditional manual processing is prone to missed detections or misjudgments. Automatic identification technologies require extensive data training, have high real-time requirements, and consume significant computational resources. Furthermore, the related equipment requires high precision and incurs substantial procurement and maintenance costs, making it unsuitable for large-scale engineering applications.

[0004] 4D time-lapse seismic imaging utilizes event pairs arriving at the same station to jointly invert seismic location and velocity structure, thereby obtaining velocity changes in the subsurface medium at different times and quantitatively determining the area extent of illegal mining activities. This technology involves long data acquisition cycles, complex data processing, relatively high operational requirements, and high costs, making it unsuitable for widespread engineering applications.

[0005] Therefore, it is quite difficult to regulate mining activities in large-scale mining areas using existing identification technologies and methods. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the existing problems, this invention provides an accurate, convenient, and economical method for identifying and locating illegal mining activities in underground mines.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following solution, and the specific steps of the solution are as follows:

[0008] A method for identifying and accurately locating cross-boundary mining based on an all-weather wireless blasting vibration system includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. Based on the location of the mining area, N (N≥5) seismic wave vibration monitoring points are set up at different locations on the perimeter of the mine, and all-weather wireless blasting vibration triaxial sensors are installed at the monitoring points;

[0010] S2. Measure and calculate the one-way straight-line distances between any two monitoring points in the x, y, and z directions, where the one-way distances between monitoring point i and monitoring point j in the x, y, and z directions are respectively dx ij dy ij ,dz ij , i, j∈(1, 2, 3..., N) and i≠j;

[0011] S3. Jointly synchronize the time of the sensors at each measuring point, record the start time of the waveform of the vibration monitoring equipment as the initial time t0, and unify it with the detonation time;

[0012] S4. Select any three different monitoring points i, j, and k from the N monitoring points as the first group of monitoring points. Analyze the seismic wave vibration time history curve of each selected monitoring point, record the time when the seismic wave first reaches its peak at different monitoring points, and take it as the time t required for the seismic wave to propagate to monitoring points i, j, and k. i t j t k ;

[0013] S5. Based on the distance between the measuring points in S2 and the time t measured in step S4... i t j t k By performing pairwise cross-calculations between the three measuring points, it is easy to obtain multiple sets of rock mass wave velocity components and take the average value to obtain the average wave velocity components in the x, y, and z directions. and

[0014] S6. Based on the average wave velocity components measured in S4, obtain the spatial distance components of the explosion zone from measuring point i in the x, y, and z directions, using the following formula: By combining the spatial distances of the blast zone relative to measuring points i, j, and k along the x, y, and z directions, we can obtain the spatial distances R from the blast zone to measuring points i, j, and k, respectively. i R j R k Using the spatial distances between the centers i, j, and k as the spheres as the radii, draw a three-dimensional sphere. The intersection of the spatial regions of each sphere is the possible explosion zone.

[0015] S7. Select a new set of measuring points from the N measuring points that is different from the first set of measuring points and repeat steps S1-S6. Calculate the overlapping area of ​​the possible blast zone ranges corresponding to the two sets of measuring points. Determine whether the overlapping area meets the preset conditions. If it does, it is considered that the precise blast zone range has been located and proceed to the next step. Otherwise, repeat S7.

[0016] S8. Compare with the construction plan to determine whether there is any mining beyond the designated boundaries. If so, an immediate warning and report are required.

[0017] Furthermore, in S3, the blasting vibration monitoring equipment is a triaxial vibration velocity sensor. The sampling frequency is kept consistent, and unified time synchronization only requires ensuring that the start time of the recorded waveform is consistent. The propagation time is calculated from the difference between the vibration start time of the measuring point and the recording start time.

[0018] Furthermore, in S5, multiple rock mass wave velocity components can be easily obtained by cross-calculating between the three measuring points:

[0019]

[0020] The average value of the wave velocity component in the x-direction is calculated using the following formula.

[0021]

[0022] Then, the average values ​​of the wave velocity components in the x, y, and z directions are calculated. and

[0023] Furthermore, in S6, the spatial distances of the blast zone relative to measuring points i, j, and k in the x, y, and z directions are combined to obtain the spatial distances R from the blast zone to measuring points i, j, and k, respectively. i R j R k The formula is:

[0024]

[0025] Among them, R i R j R k The spatial distance between the blast zone and measuring points i, j, and k;

[0026] Furthermore, S7 specifically includes the following steps:

[0027] S71. Record measuring points i, j, and k as measuring point group 1. Then select 9 measuring points that are different from group 1 and record them as measuring point groups 2, 3, ..., 10 respectively.

[0028] S72. Let α be the range of overlap between the explosion zones of group m and group m+1. m , where m∈{1,2,3...9}; when α m-2 α m-1 α m The precise blast zone range Ψ is considered to be located when the following conditions are met, and Ψ = |α|. m -α m-1 |:

[0029]

[0030] Take the corresponding overlapping portion Ψ′ as the precise explosion zone range; otherwise, proceed to the next step:

[0031] S73. Let m = m + 1, repeat S72 until the overlapping range of the explosion area that meets the conditions is obtained. If m = 9 still does not meet the conditions, increase the number of measurement points and repeat S1-S7.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0033] This invention utilizes multiple wireless blasting vibration monitoring devices (vibration measuring points) deployed around the mine perimeter to monitor vibration signals generated by blasting mining around the clock. It analyzes time history curves and calculates the time difference of vibration signals arriving at each measuring point using a joint time synchronization method. A set of wave velocity components is obtained by dividing the unidirectional straight-line distance between two measuring points by the time difference of the vibration signals between the two points. By cross-referencing multiple measuring points, multiple sets of rock mass wave velocity components in the mining area can be calculated. Finally, the average value of these multiple wave velocity components is calculated to obtain C. p ; by C p The unidirectional distance from the blasting zone to each measuring point can be obtained. Repeating this operation in three orthogonal directions easily yields the spatial distance between the blasting zone and the measuring points. A graph is plotted with each measuring point as the center and the spatial distance as the radius. By analyzing the data and taking the intersection, a three-dimensional spatial model of the blasting zone is inverted. This model is then compared with the construction plan to confirm whether there is any illegal mining activity and to determine the location of such illegal mining. This allows for rapid location and timely prevention of illegal mining, as well as economic claims. This invention utilizes an all-weather wireless blasting vibration detector to provide crucial data support for monitoring illegal mining. It offers significant advantages in terms of accuracy, convenience, and relatively low cost, effectively improving the efficiency of mineral resource safety supervision.

[0034] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 Flowchart for early warning of mining beyond permitted boundaries;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the layout of the monitoring points;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram for identifying the start-up time after joint timing synchronization;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram for identifying and locating the mining area. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0040] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples below are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0041] The flowchart of the method for early warning and identification of illegal mining in underground mines based on all-weather wireless blasting vibration monitoring proposed in this invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps are as follows:

[0042] S1, such as Figure 2 As shown, based on the specific conditions of the mining area, five microseismic measuring points were set up near the mining area and triaxial vibration velocity sensors were installed at the measuring points. The measuring points were labeled as 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, and 5#, and the corresponding blast center distances were labeled as R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5. It is necessary to ensure that a certain distance is maintained between the measuring points to avoid affecting the positioning accuracy.

[0043] S2. Measure and calculate the one-way straight-line distance between each pair of monitoring points, and record the one-way distance between measuring point i and measuring point j as dx. ij where i, j∈(1, 2, 3, ..., 5) and j≠i;

[0044] S3. Perform a unified calibration of the blasting monitoring equipment. Record the standard detonation time of the detonator as t0, and simultaneously record the blasting vibration data;

[0045] S4. Select any three distinct measuring points i, j, and k, and denote them as measuring point group 1. For example... Figure 3 As shown, taking measuring point i as an example, the moment when the first peak appears in the unidirectional vibration time history curve of measuring point i is taken as the actual time when the seismic wave propagates to the measuring point, denoted as t. i . t i The difference between t0 and t0 is the time required for the seismic wave to propagate to measuring point i. By performing the above operations simultaneously on measuring points j and k, multiple wave velocity components can be calculated pairwise between the three measuring points i, j, and k using the following formula:

[0046]

[0047] To increase the accuracy of positioning, the average value of each wave velocity component needs to be taken, and the average wave velocity C in this direction is... Px Determined by the following formula:

[0048]

[0049] S5. Based on the seismic wave propagation time recorded at each measuring point in step S4 and the calculated average wave velocity components... The distance R of the blast zone relative to measuring points i, j, and k in this direction can be calculated using the following formula. xi R yi R zi :

[0050]

[0051] Repeating the above steps in the other two orthogonal directions yields the distances of the blast zone relative to measuring points i, j, and k in the x, y, and z directions. The spatial distance R between the blast zone and each measuring point can then be obtained using the following formula. xi R yi R zi :

[0052]

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, a three-dimensional sphere is drawn with each measuring point as the center and its corresponding spatial distance as the radius. The intersection of the spatial regions of each sphere is the possible explosion zone range located by this group.

[0054] S6. Select 9 new groups of measuring points that are not the same as group 1, and label them as measuring point groups 2, 3, ..., 10 respectively; denote the overlapping range of the blast zones of group m and group m+1 as α. m , where m∈{1,2,3...9}; when α m-2 α m-1 α m The precise blast zone range Ψ can be considered located when the following conditions are met, and Ψ = |α|. m -α m-1 |:

[0055]

[0056] If the above conditions are not met, let m = m + 1, and repeat the above calculation until the conditions are met. Take the corresponding overlapping part Ψ′ as the precise blasting zone range. If m = 9 still cannot meet the requirements, the number of groups can be increased by increasing the number of measuring points until the conditions are met, and take the corresponding overlapping part Ψ′ as the precise blasting zone range.

[0057] S7. The three-dimensional spatial model of the blasting area can be generated from S6. Compare this model with the construction plan. If the blasting area model matches the construction plan, there is no illegal mining activity. If the blasting area model differs from the construction plan, it is considered that there is illegal mining activity, which needs to be reported immediately and the relevant personnel stopped.

[0058] The above description provides examples of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. Parts not detailed herein are common knowledge to those skilled in the art. The scope of protection of the present invention is determined by the claims. Any equivalent modifications based on the technical teachings of the present invention are also within the scope of protection of the present invention. The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for identifying and accurately locating cross-border mining based on an all-weather wireless blasting vibration system, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Based on the location of the mining area, N seismic wave vibration monitoring points are set up at different locations on the perimeter of the mine, and all-weather wireless blasting vibration triaxial sensors are installed at the monitoring points. S2. Measure and calculate the one-way straight-line distances between any two monitoring points in the x, y, and z directions, where the one-way distances between measuring point i and measuring point j in the x, y, and z directions are respectively... , , , and ; S3. Perform joint time synchronization on the sensors at each measuring point, and record the start time of the waveform of the vibration monitoring equipment as the initial time. And synchronized with the detonation time; S4. Select any three different monitoring points i, j, and k from the N monitoring points as the first group of monitoring points. Analyze the seismic wave vibration time history curve of each selected monitoring point, record the time when the seismic wave first reaches its peak at different monitoring points, and take it as the time required for the seismic wave to propagate to monitoring points i, j, and k. ; S5. Based on the distance between the measuring points in S2 and the time measured in step S4... By performing pairwise cross-calculations between the three measuring points, it is easy to obtain multiple sets of rock mass wave velocity components and take the average value to obtain the average wave velocity components in the x, y, and z directions. , and ; S6. Based on the average wave velocity components measured in S5, obtain the spatial distance components of the explosion zone from measuring point i in the x, y, and z directions, using the following formula: , , By combining the spatial distances of the blast zone relative to measuring points i, j, and k along the x, y, and z directions, we can obtain the spatial distances from the blast zone to measuring points i, j, and k, respectively. Using the spatial distances between the centers i, j, and k as the spheres as the radii, draw a three-dimensional sphere. The intersection of the spatial regions of each sphere is the possible explosion zone. S7. Select a new set of measuring points from the N measuring points that is different from the first set of measuring points and repeat steps S1-S6. Calculate the overlapping area of ​​the possible blast zone ranges corresponding to the two sets of measuring points. Determine whether the overlapping area meets the preset conditions. If it does, it is considered that the precise blast zone range has been located and proceed to the next step. Otherwise, repeat S7. S8. Compare with the construction plan to determine whether there is any mining beyond the designated boundaries. If so, an immediate warning and report are required.

2. The method for identifying and accurately locating cross-border mining based on an all-weather wireless blasting vibration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the blasting vibration monitoring equipment is a triaxial vibration velocity sensor. The sampling frequency is kept consistent, and the unified time synchronization only requires ensuring that the start time of the recorded waveform is consistent. The propagation time is calculated from the difference between the vibration start time of the measuring point and the recording start time.

3. The method for identifying and accurately locating cross-border mining based on an all-weather wireless blasting vibration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, multiple rock mass wave velocity components can be easily obtained by cross-calculating the pairs of three measuring points: ； The average value of the wave velocity component in the x-direction is calculated using the following formula. : ； Then, the average values ​​of the wave velocity components in the x, y, and z directions are calculated. , and .

4. The method for identifying and accurately locating cross-border mining based on an all-weather wireless blasting vibration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S6, the spatial distances of the blast zone relative to measuring points i, j, and k in the x, y, and z directions are combined to obtain the spatial distances from the blast zone to measuring points i, j, and k, respectively. The formula is: ； in, The spatial distance between the blast zone and measuring points i, j, and k.

5. The method for identifying and accurately locating cross-border mining based on an all-weather wireless blasting vibration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: S7 specifically includes the following steps: S71. Record measuring points i, j, and k as measuring point group 1. Then select 9 measuring points that are different from group 1 and record them as measuring point groups 2, 3, ..., 10 respectively. S72, the overlapping range of the explosion zones of group m and group m+1 is: ,in ;when The precise blast zone is considered to have been located when the following conditions are met. and take : ； Take the corresponding overlapping parts Assume the precise bombing zone range; otherwise, proceed to the next step: S73. Let m = m + 1, repeat S72 until the overlapping range of the explosion area that meets the conditions is obtained. If m = 9 still does not meet the conditions, increase the number of measurement points and repeat S1-S7.

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