Method for improving inoculation rate of cistanche deserticola on salinized desertification land under non-irrigation condition

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for increasing the inoculation rate of cistanche deserticola under the condition of no irrigation on salinized desertification land in northwest arid desert regions in China. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, carrying out germination induction treatment on desert cistanche deserticola seeds; 2, processing and producing the super-absorbent fiber non-woven fabric bag; 3, nutrient medium materials are prepared; step 4, preparing a super-absorbent nutrient medium ecological pad; 5, the super-absorbent nutrient medium ecological pad absorbs water; and 6, inoculating the cistanche seeds. According to the method, the inoculation disc rate of the cistanche is stably increased, the area of a region for production and utilization of parasitic plant resources such as the cistanche is greatly increased, cistanche germplasm resources which are endangered to be exhausted are effectively protected, the successful inoculation rate and the disc rate of the cistanche are guaranteed, operation is easy, water resources are saved, and the cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of medicinal parasitic plants in arid desert areas, and in particular to a method for improving the inoculation rate of Cistanche deserticola in saline desertified land without irrigation. Background Art

[0002] In the continuous development and utilization of natural resources in desert areas, humans have developed from large-scale excavation of natural resources such as Cistanche deserticola and Cynomorium songaricum to the near depletion of wild resources (Cistanche deserticola has been listed as a national second-level protected plant and included in the "International Wild Plant Protection List"), to modern artificial promotion of cultivation and development and utilization. Through long-term research and exploration, many valuable seed inoculation and production application technologies for parasitic plants such as Cistanche deserticola have been summarized.

[0003] Cistanche deserticola belongs to the genus Cistanche (Cistanche offmanns.) in the family Orobanchaceae. It comprises over 2,000 species, all of which are parasitic or semi-parasitic. Cistanche deserticola is a fully parasitic plant, with common species primarily including Cistanche deserticola and Cistanche tubulosa, depending on their host. Cistanche deserticola can be further divided into two major strains, Cistanche deserticola and Cistanche halophila, depending on the soil type in which it grows. Seed inoculation and production techniques for Cistanche deserticola were initially developed through extensive research on inoculating Cistanche deserticola in Haloxylon ammodendron host forests (DB65T3005-2009: Technical Specifications for Artificial Inoculation of Cistanche deserticola with Haloxylon ammodendron). Since then, these inoculation and production techniques have matured.

[0004] Chinese patent CN114680003A discloses a method for planting desert Cistanche deserticola in a deep underground Haloxylon ammodendron forest; Chinese patent CN114793728A discloses a method for inoculating Cistanche deserticola in a Haloxylon ammodendron afforestation; and Chinese patent CN107278440B discloses a mechanical sowing method for inoculating Cistanche deserticola. All of these methods achieve the goal of successful inoculation of desert Cistanche deserticola and expected yield by deep trenching (holes), deep sowing, and deep watering. In addition, to improve inoculation rate and work efficiency, there is research on placing Cistanche deserticola seed bags and water seepage bags in the inoculation pits.

[0005] Chinese patent CN103518515A discloses methods for artificially inoculating Cistanche deserticola, inoculating Cistanche deserticola with Haloxylon ammodendron using infiltration irrigation, and inoculating Cistanche deserticola with Atriplex canescens using furrow irrigation in saline-alkali soil. Cistanche tubulosa often parasitizes the roots of Tamarix plants, and extensive research has been conducted on seed inoculation and production techniques for this plant.

[0006] Chinese patent CN117751809A discloses a method for planting Cistanche deserticola by inoculating it with Atriplex canescens on the Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi; Chinese patent CN112450006A discloses a method for maintaining a stable inoculation rate of Cistanche deserticola; Chinese patent CN101773041A discloses a method for inoculating Cistanche tubulosa using a light matrix mesh bag container.

[0007] In summary, under moderate irrigation conditions, the current seed inoculation technology of Cistanche deserticola, such as the sand-control and sand-fixing plant Haloxylon ammodendron, and the salt-tolerant plants Atriplex canescens and Tamarix chinensis, as well as the technical methods to improve the inoculation rate, have gradually matured.

[0008] However, the above technologies have obvious limitations under non-irrigation conditions: (1) Arid desert areas are extremely short of water, and most of the large areas of windbreak and sand fixation Haloxylon ammodendron forests and salinization prevention and utilization forests (such as Atriplex canescens and Tamarix chinensis) do not have irrigation conditions; (2) Most existing technologies have complicated procedures, high labor intensity, and high water resource costs;

[0009] Therefore, providing a method for achieving a high Cistanche deserticola inoculation rate under non-irrigation conditions, with basically consistent inoculation time limits, a controllable inoculation environment, a high inoculation plate rate, water resource conservation, simple operation, low labor intensity, and suitability for large-scale promotion and application is a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for increasing the inoculation rate of Cistanche deserticola under non-irrigation conditions in saline desertified land.

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0012] The method for increasing the inoculation rate of Cistanche deserticola on saline desertified land without irrigation conditions comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Germination induction treatment of desert Cistanche deserticola seeds

[0014] Select fresh, plump, disease-free and insect-free Cistanche deserticola seeds, expose them to the sun, and then place them in an incubator for processing;

[0015] Step 2: Processing and production of super absorbent fiber non-woven bags

[0016] Select super absorbent fiber non-woven fabrics as required and produce and process them into required specifications;

[0017] Step 3: Preparation of nutrient base materials

[0018] Physically crush the pre-collected agricultural and forestry solid waste, then mix it with decomposed cow dung, mix it evenly and set aside;

[0019] Step 4: Preparation of super absorbent nutrient base ecological mat

[0020] First, the super-absorbent fiber non-woven bag is mass-produced, and then the prepared nutrient medium is filled into the super-absorbent fiber non-woven bag, and the Velcro is sealed.

[0021] Step 5: Water absorption of super-absorbent nutrient medium ecological pad

[0022] Water is injected into the super-absorbent nutrient medium ecological pad, and then it is immersed in the pre-prepared water pool to continue to absorb water.

[0023] Step 6: Cistanche seed inoculation

[0024] Step 6.1: Digging

[0025] At a distance of 20-40 cm from the base of the Atriplex canescens rhizome, dig the inoculation pit and trim the bottom of the pit.

[0026] Step 6.2: Sowing

[0027] The fine sand uniformly mixed with Cistanche treated seeds in advance is uniformly sown on the bottom of the inoculation pit according to the specified amount.

[0028] Step 6.3: Super-absorbent nutrient medium ecological pad placement

[0029] The super-absorbent nutrient medium ecological pad pre-absorbed with water is laid horizontally on the bottom of the inoculation pit.

[0030] Step 6.4: Backfilling

[0031] After backfilling the sand to a distance of 10-15 cm from the ground surface, compact it.

[0032] Preferably, in step 1, it is exposed to the sun for 8-10 hours, then treated in a 50°C incubator for 1 hour, and finally treated in a 4°C incubator for 30 days.

[0033] Preferably, in step 2, the super-absorbent fiber non-woven fabric with a specification standard of 200.0 g / ㎡, a thickness of about 4.0 mm, and a width of 33-35 cm is selected, and the super-absorbent fiber non-woven bag is produced and processed with a specification of length x width = 30 x 20 cm.

[0034] Preferably, in step 3, the physical crushing treatment of the agricultural and forestry solid waste + matured cow and sheep manure is mixed at a volume ratio of 5:1.

[0035] Preferably, in step 5, the super-absorbent fiber non-woven fabric and the nutrient medium are fully watered by immersing them in the pre-prepared water pool for 10-15 minutes.

[0036] Preferably, the bottom of the pit is manually trimmed to a diameter of ≥40 cm and a depth of 40-60 cm.

[0037] Preferably, in step 6.2, fine sand pre-mixed with Cistanche deserticola seeds at a mass ratio of 1:10000 is evenly spread on the bottom of the inoculation pit at an amount of 1.0 kg per pit, and the seed sowing amount is 200 to 300 seeds per inoculation pit.

[0038] Preferably, in step 6.4, the surface of the inoculation pit is made concave.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0040] (1) The present invention solves the practical problems of low Cistanche deserticola inoculation success rate, inconsistent inoculation time limit, uncontrollable inoculation environment, and lower inoculation survival rate under saline desertified land without irrigation conditions, while stably improving the inoculation disk rate of Cistanche deserticola;

[0041] (2) While saving water resources, the present invention innovates the conventional irrigation production of Cistanche deserticola and extends it to large areas of arid desert areas without irrigation conditions. This not only significantly increases the production and utilization area of ​​parasitic plant resources such as Cistanche deserticola, but also more effectively protects the endangered Cistanche deserticola germplasm resources.

[0042] (3) The substantial extension and expansion of the production field of the technology of the present invention will surely drive the rapid development of Cistanche deserticola and related industrial chains, promote the employment of a large number of workers in the chain, and will surely drive the further optimization and development of the environmental ecology of arid desert areas, especially saline desertified land. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the super absorbent fiber of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a super absorbent fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the duration and moisture content of the slow release of water in sandy soil at different depths after the super absorbent nutrient base ecological mat of the present invention has fully absorbed water;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the super absorbent nutrient base ecological mat of the present invention placed in the inoculation pit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] The present invention discloses a method for increasing the inoculation rate of Cistanche deserticola on saline desertified land without irrigation, comprising the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Processing materials and production of super absorbent nutrient base ecological mat

[0050] Super absorbent material: Super absorbent fiber is selected, which can quickly absorb water, store water, and slowly release water and nutrients into a "micro reservoir". Through the difference in internal and external osmotic pressure, the affinity between water and polymer electrolytes, and the elasticity of the polymer network, it has high water absorption and water retention properties.

[0051] After absorbing water, it swells into a hydrogel (jelly-like) and water is not easily squeezed out even when under pressure. After the fiber is dried, it can absorb water repeatedly, and most of the absorbed water can be slowly released for plants to absorb and utilize. Super absorbent fiber is environmentally friendly, non-toxic, pollution-free, and biodegradable. Figure 1 shown.

[0052] Super absorbent fiber non-woven fabric: can be processed into products with different thicknesses and warp and weft numbers according to needs. The present invention purchases 200.0g / ㎡, 4.0mm thick and 33.0cm wide super absorbent fiber non-woven fabric from the market, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0053] Nutrient base material: Physically crushed agricultural and forestry solid waste + decomposed cattle and sheep manure, mixed in a volume ratio of 5:1. According to the test, its nutrient content is shown in Table 1:

[0054] Table 1

[0055]

[0056] Processing and production of super absorbent nutrient base ecological mats: First, batch produce super absorbent fiber non-woven bags (length ╳ width = 30.0 ╳ 20 cm), then put the prepared nutrient base into the super absorbent fiber non-woven bags (about 1.0 kg / bag) and seal them with Velcro.

[0057] The super absorbent nutrient base ecological mat absorbs water: The super absorbent nutrient base ecological mat absorbs water for the first time before the inoculation and application of Cistanche deserticola. The present invention uses the water pressure difference between the water tank of the water truck and the ground to manually inject water into the super absorbent nutrient base ecological mat (about 2.0 kg of water) through a water pipe, and then immerses it in a pre-prepared water pool to continue absorbing water for 10 to 15 minutes, so that the super absorbent fiber non-woven fabric and the nutrient base are fully absorbed. According to the test, the average water absorption of the super absorbent nutrient base ecological mat of the present invention after full water absorption (water saturation, based on no dripping) is 4.12 kg. It was buried in sand layers of different depths in early April and early June 2023 (30 to 80 cm, the moisture content of sand in early April was 1.534% to 3.792%, and 0.813% to 2.132% in early June). The duration of slow water release and the moisture content (measured by a soil moisture sensor) changed from April to May and June to July, as shown in the following figure: Figure 3 shown.

[0058] (2) Seed treatment

[0059] Select fresh, plump, pest-free Cistanche deserticola seeds. First, expose them to the sun for 8–10 hours to break dormancy and enhance vigor. Then, place them in a 50°C incubator for 1 hour, and finally in a 4°C incubator for approximately 30 days. This temperature-variable stratification treatment enhances seed vigor and enables rapid germination.

[0060] (3) Cistanche deserticola seed inoculation

[0061] 1) Inoculation time: In principle, Cistanche deserticola can be inoculated throughout the year, but in practice, it is generally inoculated in spring and autumn. The inoculation time of the present invention is selected before the rainy season in late summer and early autumn, making full use of natural rainfall, which is more conducive to achieving the survival, formation and healthy growth of Cistanche deserticola after successful inoculation under non-irrigation conditions.

[0062] 2) Inoculation steps:

[0063] ① Digging a hole: Dig an inoculation hole mechanically (using a rotary drill) on the sunny side of the A. canescens at a distance of 20 to 40 cm from the base of the rhizome. Manually trim the bottom of the hole to a bottom diameter of ≥40 cm and a depth of 40 to 60 cm.

[0064] ② Sowing: Evenly spread 1.0 kg of fine sand pre-mixed with Cistanche deserticola seeds (mass ratio: 1:10000) at the bottom of the inoculation pit (about 200 to 300 seeds per inoculation pit).

[0065] ③ Placement of super absorbent nutrient base ecological mat: Lay the super absorbent nutrient base ecological mat that has been pre-absorbed with enough water in the east-west direction at the bottom of the inoculation pit, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0066] ④ Backfill: After backfilling the sand soil to 10-15 cm from the ground surface, tamp it and make the ground surface of the inoculation pit "concave" to facilitate rainwater infiltration.

[0067] In actual production, the depth of the parasitic plant inoculation pit is generally determined according to the differences in host plant species and growth years, host forest soil types, and host plant growth conditions. The determination of the suitable depth of the host plant inoculation pit in the practice of the present application is summarized in the following Table 2:

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] Example 1

[0071] In early August 2023, a four-winged Atriplex shrub forest with a growth of two years and a soil type of saline sandy soil was planted in the Xiaquanzi Sand Control Test Station in Linze County, Zhangye City, Gansu Province, and a desert Cistanche inoculation research and demonstration was carried out, with the specific method as follows

[0072] Step 1: Desert Cistanche seed germination induction treatment

[0073] Fresh, grain-filled, and disease-free Cistanche seeds were first exposed to the sun for 8-10 hours to break dormancy and improve seed vigor. Then they were placed in a 50°C incubator for 1 hour, and finally in a 4°C incubator for about 30 days. By varying the temperature and stratifying the seeds, the seed vigor was improved, and rapid inoculation germination was achieved.

[0074] Step 2: Production of superabsorbent nonwoven fabric bag

[0075] The superabsorbent nonwoven fabric was purchased on the market, and the specifications were 200.0g / m2, about 4.0mm thick, and 33-35cm wide. The specifications of the superabsorbent nonwoven fabric bag produced were: length x width = 30 x 20 cm.

[0076] Step 3: Preparation of nutrient base material

[0077] The collected agricultural and forestry solid waste was physically crushed and then mixed with composted cow manure at a volume ratio of 5:1.

[0078] Step 4: Preparation of superabsorbent nutrient base ecological pad

[0079] The prepared nutrient base material was loaded into the superabsorbent nonwoven fabric bag (about 1.0kg / bag), and the magic tape was sealed.

[0080] Step 5: Water absorption of superabsorbent nutrient base ecological pad

[0081] First, the prepared super water-absorbing nutrient base ecological mat is placed at the edge of the Aeluropus four-winged forest and near the water cart filled with tap water previously transported to the inoculation site. With the help of the water tank and the water pressure difference between the ground, the water is injected into the super water-absorbing nutrient base ecological mat (about 2.0㎏ water) through the water pipe, and then immersed in the previously prepared water pool for 10-15 minutes to continue absorbing water, so that the super water-absorbing non-woven fabric and the nutrient base are fully saturated with water (saturated with water, based on no dripping)

[0082] Step 6: Cistanche seed inoculation

[0083] Step 6.1: Digging

[0084] At a distance of 30-40 cm from the Aeluropus four-winged rhizome base, the inoculation pit is first mechanically (using a rotary drill) assisted to dig, and then the bottom of the pit is manually trimmed to a diameter of 40 cm and a depth of 45 cm.

[0085] Step 6.2: Sowing

[0086] The fine sand (mass ratio: 1:10000) uniformly mixed with Cistanche treated seeds is uniformly sown on the bottom of the inoculation pit at a rate of 1.0 kg per pit (seed sowing amount about 200-300 grains per inoculation pit).

[0087] Step 6.3: Super water-absorbing nutrient base ecological mat placement

[0088] The super water-absorbing nutrient base ecological mat with sufficient water is laid horizontally in the inoculation pit.

[0089] Step 6.4: Backfilling

[0090] After backfilling the salinized sandy soil to a depth of 10-15 cm from the ground surface, it is compacted. The surface of the inoculation pit is concave to facilitate rainwater infiltration.

[0091] Step 7: Inoculation rate monitoring results

[0092] According to the monitoring and investigation results in August 2024, the inoculation rate of Cistanche deserticola is 92%.

[0093] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the technical scope of the present application. Any minor modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present application are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for increasing the inoculation rate of Cistanche deserticola on saline desertified land without irrigation, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Germination induction treatment of desert Cistanche deserticola seeds Select fresh, plump, disease-free and insect-free Cistanche deserticola seeds, expose them to the sun, and then place them in an incubator for processing; Step 2: Processing and production of super absorbent fiber non-woven bags Select super absorbent fiber non-woven fabrics as required and produce and process them into required specifications; Step 3: Preparation of nutrient base materials Physically crush the pre-collected agricultural and forestry solid waste, then mix it with decomposed cow dung, mix it evenly and set aside; Step 4: Preparation of super absorbent nutrient base ecological mat First, mass-produce super absorbent fiber non-woven bags, then put the prepared nutrient medium into the super absorbent fiber non-woven bags and seal them with Velcro; Step 5: Super absorbent nutrient base ecological mat absorbs water Pour water into the super absorbent nutrient base ecological mat, and then immerse it in the prepared water pool to continue absorbing water; Step 6: Cistanche deserticola seed inoculation Step 6.1: Digging the Hole Dig an inoculation pit on the sunny side of the Atriplex quadrangularis, 20 to 40 cm away from the base of the Atriplex quadrangularis rhizome, and trim the bottom of the pit; Step 6.2: Seeding Evenly spread the fine sand mixed with Cistanche deserticola seeds in advance at the bottom of the inoculation pit according to the prescribed amount; Step 6.3: Placement of super absorbent nutrient matrix ecological mat Spread the super absorbent nutrient base ecological mat that has been pre-absorbed with water in an east-west direction at the bottom of the inoculation pit; Step 6.4: Backfill Backfill the sand to 10 to 15 cm from the ground surface and then tamp it down.

2. The method for increasing the inoculation rate of Cistanche deserticola under saline desertification land without irrigation conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, the seedlings are exposed to the sun for 8 to 10 hours, then placed in an incubator at 50° C. for 1 hour, and finally placed in an incubator at 4° C. for 30 days.

3. The method for increasing the inoculation rate of Cistanche deserticola under saline desertification land without irrigation conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, a super absorbent fiber non-woven fabric with a standard specification of 200.0 g / m2, a thickness of about 4.0 mm, and a width of 33-35 cm is selected, and the specifications for producing and processing the super absorbent fiber non-woven fabric bag are: length ╳ width = 30 ╳ 20 cm.

4. The method for increasing the inoculation rate of Cistanche deserticola under saline desertification land without irrigation conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the physically crushed agricultural and forestry solid waste and decomposed cattle and sheep manure are mixed in a volume ratio of 5:

1.

5. The method for increasing the inoculation rate of Cistanche deserticola under no irrigation conditions on saline desertified land according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 5, the super absorbent fiber nonwoven fabric and the nutrient medium are immersed in a pre-prepared water pool and continue to absorb water for 10 to 15 minutes, so that the super absorbent fiber nonwoven fabric and the nutrient medium are fully absorbed by water.

6. The method for increasing the inoculation rate of Cistanche deserticola on saline desertified land without irrigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 6.1, the bottom of the pit is manually trimmed so that the bottom diameter is ≥40 cm and the depth is 40 to 60 cm.

7. The method for increasing the inoculation rate of Cistanche deserticola on saline desertified land without irrigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 6.2, fine sand pre-mixed with Cistanche deserticola seeds at a mass ratio of 1:10000 is evenly spread at the bottom of the inoculation pit at an amount of 1.0 kg per pit, with a seed sowing rate of 200 to 300 seeds per inoculation pit.

8. The method for increasing the inoculation rate of Cistanche deserticola on saline desertified land without irrigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 6.4, the surface of the inoculation pit is made concave.

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