Full-transparent human head model and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-transparent human head model and a manufacturing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of human brain mechanics experiments, the head model comprises a transparent upper skull, a transparent lower skull and a transparent gel brain tissue; the mold comprises a left brain 3D printing male mold, a right brain 3D printing male mold, a mold box body, a demolding bottom plate, a left brain silica gel female mold and a right brain silica gel female mold. The left brain 3D printing male mold, the right brain 3D printing male mold, the mold box body and the demolding bottom plate are used for manufacturing a left brain silica gel female mold and a right brain silica gel female mold; the left brain silica gel female die and the right brain silica gel female die are used for manufacturing transparent gel brain tissues; the transparent upper skull and the transparent lower skull are connected through bolts and sealed through sealing grease, and the transparent gel brain tissue and purified water are placed between the transparent upper skull and the transparent lower skull; according to the head model, the response and injury conditions of the human brain under the action of an external load can be more truly reflected in an experiment, and the characterization problem of the injury deformation of the human brain under various external force conditions is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of human brain mechanics experiment, and particularly relates to a full-transparent human head model and a manufacturing method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Craniocerebral injury often occurs in traffic accidents, falling from a height, stumbling and falling, mechanical operation and explosion impact, and the consequences are often very serious. If it cannot be treated in time, it may further worsen and lead to brain death. Therefore, it is necessary to study craniocerebral injury. In addition to skull injury, craniocerebral injury is usually accompanied by brain injury. However, due to the difficulty of human brain research, it is very important to find suitable substitutes for skull and brain tissue.

[0003] Initially, scholars used metal to replace the skull and gelatin to replace the brain tissue; the shape is relatively simple, mostly circular and elliptical. Later, the method of carving was gradually used to perfect the shape of the skull, developing into a shape similar to human skull. The skull material is also selected to be closer to the human brain, such as plastic and glass, and the brain tissue substitute is selected to be paraffin and silicone. However, with further research, the performance and precision of the skull and brain tissue model are increasingly required, and the traditional model manufacturing technology and materials are increasingly difficult to meet. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a full-transparent human head model and a manufacturing method thereof. The prepared head model has mechanical properties close to real human brain tissue, and is used for experimental research on human brain related statics, dynamic impact, etc. The head model can more realistically reflect the response and damage of human brain under external load in the experiment.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: A full-transparent human head model, comprising a skull model and a brain tissue model, the brain tissue model is placed in the inner cavity of the skull model, the top of the skull model is provided with a water injection hole for injecting pure water to simulate human brain water solution after assembly; a plurality of sensor holes are arranged on the upper part of the skull model according to experimental requirements.

[0006] The skull model comprises an upper skull and a lower skull; positioning bosses and positioning grooves are arranged between the upper skull and the lower skull to be connected and positioned in cooperation; the brain tissue is placed between the upper skull and the lower skull.

[0007] The upper skull is provided with a water injection hole with a diameter of about 10 mm at the top for injecting pure water to simulate human brain water solution after assembly; a plurality of sensor holes are arranged on the upper skull according to experimental requirements.

[0008] The lower skull restores the face of a real human skull, comprising a maxilla, a zygoma, a nasal bone, an eye socket, a brow arch bone and a zygomatic arch. The brain tissue model is highly restored in shape to a real human brain: including left brain, right brain and cerebellum, and is provided with gyrus organization on the surface; the brain tissue model is fully transparent, is made of special hydrogel material, and raw materials are pure water, acrylamide and methylene bisacrylamide with a mass ratio of 1000:100:1, and an amine persulfate is used as a catalyst, and the mass ratio of the catalyst to the methylene bisacrylamide is 1:1.

[0009] To ensure the sealing in the experiment, the skull model is sealed.

[0010] A manufacturing method of a fully transparent human head model, comprising the following steps: manufacturing upper skull and lower skull; manufacturing brain tissue 3D printing mold and special hydrogel material; manufacturing brain tissue model by using the mold and the special hydrogel material; assembling the upper skull, the lower skull and the brain tissue model to obtain the fully transparent human head model.

[0011] In the above steps, the upper skull and the lower skull are manufactured by using high-transparency photosensitive resin through stereolithography printing technology; The brain tissue 3D printing mold comprises left brain 3D printing male mold, right brain 3D printing male mold, mold box body, demolding bottom plate, left brain silica gel female mold and right brain silica gel female mold; the left brain 3D printing male mold and the right brain 3D printing male mold are matched with the mold box body and the demolding bottom plate to form a silica gel reverse mold mold respectively; The left brain 3D printing male mold is provided with a silica gel female mold air pipe male mold and a left brain 3D printing male mold demolding bottom plate, and the silica gel female mold air pipe male mold is three vertical cylinders; the right brain 3D printing male mold is provided with a right brain 3D printing male mold demolding bottom plate.

[0012] Beneficial effects: the application provides a fully transparent human head model and a manufacturing method thereof, and has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The skull is made of high-transparency material, the brain tissue model is made of special transparent hydrogel and mold, and the hydrogel material used for the brain tissue is optimized in raw material ratio to realize a density of 1078 kg*m -3 , a Young's modulus of 11.76 kPa (atomic force microscope test) and 9 kPa (testing machine compression test), which is close to 1060 kg*m -3 , 12.3 kPa of the real human brain tissue; the key mechanical properties such as density, elastic modulus and yield strength are close to those of the real human brain tissue, the response and damage condition of the human brain under external load can be more truly reflected in the experiment, and the fully transparent human head model prepared by the application can realize non-contact strain collection in the process of human brain mechanical test by cooperating with DIC technology, and solves the characterization problem of human brain deformation under various external forces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a full transparent human head model in an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ; Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of a hydrogel brain tissue in an embodiment of the present application Figure 3 is a physical view of a hydrogel brain tissue in an embodiment of the present application Figure 4 is a mold schematic view of a full transparent human skull and brain tissue for human brain mechanics experiment in an embodiment of the present application Figure 5 is a left brain 3D printing positive mold structure schematic view in an embodiment of the present application Figure 6 is a right brain 3D printing positive mold structure schematic view in an embodiment of the present application Figure 7 is a silicone soft film structure schematic view in an embodiment of the present application Figure 8 is a left brain silicone soft film structure schematic view in an embodiment of the present application Figure 9 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a full transparent human head model in an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ; Figure 10 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a full transparent human head model in an embodiment of the present application Figure 3 ; Figure 11 is a brain tissue hydrogel material compression performance test result view in an embodiment of the present application, and a skull photosensitive resin material tensile performance test result view on the right Figure 12 is a response test of human brain brain tissue under plane wave external load using a shock tube in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the fourth sensor is used to collect the intracranial pressure change of the back of the head Figure 13 is Figure 12 a back of the head intracranial pressure change curve graph of point 4 in the present application Figure 14 is a brain tissue strain condition obtained by a non-contact method in an embodiment of the present application In the figure: 1 - transparent upper skull, 2 - transparent lower skull, 3 - transparent gel brain tissue, 4 - left brain 3D printing male mold, 5 - right brain 3D printing male mold, 6 - mold box body, 7 - demolding bottom plate, 8 - left brain silica gel female mold, 9 - right brain silica gel female mold, 10 - left brain main male mold, 11 - silica gel female mold air pipe male mold, 12 - left brain 3D printing male mold demolding bottom plate, 13 - silica gel female mold air pipe, 14 - matching positioning boss, 15 - matching upper bolt hole, 16 - water injection hole, 17 - sensor hole 18 - matching positioning groove 19 - matching lower bolt hole 20 - mounting boss. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: As Figures 1-3 shown, a fully transparent human head model includes a transparent upper skull 1, a transparent lower skull 2, and a transparent gel brain tissue 3. The transparent upper skull 1 and the transparent lower skull 2 are manufactured using high-transparency photosensitive resin through stereolithography printing technology. The transparent lower skull 2 is installed below the transparent upper skull 1, and a matching positioning boss and a matching positioning groove are provided between them for fixed installation. The transparent gel brain tissue 3 is placed between the transparent upper skull 1 and the transparent lower skull 2.

[0015] The top of the transparent upper skull 1 is provided with a water injection hole with a diameter of about 10 mm, which is used to inject pure water to simulate the water solution of the human brain after assembly. The transparent upper skull 1 is provided with a plurality of sensor holes according to experimental requirements.

[0016] The transparent lower skull 2 restores the facial part of the real human skull, including the maxilla, the zygoma, the nasal bone, the eye socket, the eyebrow arch bone, and the zygomatic arch. The transparent gel brain tissue 3 highly restores the appearance of the real human brain: contains the left brain, the right brain, and the cerebellum, and the surface is provided with gyrus tissue; simplifies the details: reduces the depth of the gyrus, and integrates the left brain, the right brain, and the cerebellum into an integrated structure.

[0017] The transparent gel brain tissue 3 is fully transparent and is made of special hydrogel materials, and the raw materials include pure water, acrylamide, and methylene bisacrylamide. The catalyst uses ammonium persulfate.

[0018] In order to ensure the sealing during the experiment, the head model is sealed.

[0019] The preparation method of the above-mentioned fully transparent human head model includes the following steps: Manufacture the transparent upper skull and the transparent lower skull. The transparent upper skull 1 and the transparent lower skull 2 are manufactured using high-transparency photosensitive resin through stereolithography printing technology. After printing is completed, the transparent upper skull 1 and the transparent lower skull 2 need to be polished, polished, sprayed with light oil, and operated for secondary curing to improve the transparency.

[0020] The mold used in the prior art for making a brain tissue model cannot be used in the present application due to material differences, and the present embodiment requires the preparation of a brain tissue 3D printing mold and a special hydrogel material: The brain tissue 3D printing mold comprises a left brain 3D printing male mold 4, a right brain 3D printing male mold 5, a mold box body 6, a demolding bottom plate 7, a left brain silica gel female mold 8, and a right brain silica gel female mold 9. The left brain 3D printing male mold 4 and the right brain 3D printing male mold 5 are respectively matched with the mold box body 6 and the demolding bottom plate 7 to form a silica gel reverse mold mold.

[0021] The left brain 3D printing male mold 4 and the right brain 3D printing male mold 5 are made of fused deposition modeling of thermoplastic materials such as polylactic acid or are made of multi-axis milling machines processing plastic blanks. The left brain 3D printing male mold 4 is provided with a silica gel female mold vent pipe male mold 11 and a left brain 3D printing male mold demolding bottom plate 12. The silica gel female mold vent pipe male mold 11 is three vertical cylinders with a diameter of 10 mm. The right brain 3D printing male mold 5 is provided with a right brain 3D printing male mold demolding bottom plate.

[0022] As shown in Figure 4 , when in use, the mold box body 6 is first installed above the demolding bottom plate 7, the prepared liquid silica gel raw material is poured in, the left brain 3D printing male mold 4 is buckled into the mold box body 6, the mold box is subjected to constant temperature curing at 50℃ for 1 hour, and after removing the demolding bottom plate 7, the mold box body 6 and the 3D printing male mold, the silica gel female mold is obtained. The left brain silica gel female mold 8 and the right brain silica gel female mold 9 need to be used in combination.

[0023] The special hydrogel material raw material is pure water, acrylamide and methylene bisacrylamide. After mixing the three components in a mass ratio of 1000:100:1, the combined left brain silica gel female mold 8 and right brain silica gel female mold 9 are poured into the silica gel female mold vent pipe 13, and the catalyst ammonium persulfate is added dropwise. The mass ratio of the catalyst to methylene bisacrylamide is 1:1. After curing at 50℃ for 2 hours, the transparent gel brain tissue 3 is obtained by separating the left brain silica gel female mold and the right brain silica gel female mold.

[0024] The upper skull, lower skull and brain tissue model are assembled to obtain a fully transparent human head model: During assembly, first, the transparent lower skull 2 is installed on the experimental support through the bottom mounting boss 20 using a connecting bolt, and sealing treatment is performed; a circle of sealing grease is applied on the cooperating positioning boss 14 of the transparent upper skull 1; the transparent hydrogel brain tissue 3 is placed in the transparent lower skull 2, the cooperating positioning boss 14 of the transparent upper skull 1 is pressed into the cooperating positioning groove 18 of the transparent lower skull 2, then the bolt is passed through the bolt holes of the transparent upper skull 1 and the transparent lower skull 2 and is tightened, as shown in Figure 12 , the required sensors are inserted into the sensor holes 17 and sealing treatment is performed, and finally, pure water is injected from the water injection hole 16 to obtain a fully transparent human head model.

[0025] The mechanical properties of the above-mentioned special hydrogel material for preparing the brain tissue model and the photosensitive resin material for preparing the skull model were tested. The results are as follows: Figure 11 As shown (the three groups of samples are made of the same material, which proves that the discrete type is small and the experimental results are reliable), the density of the photosensitive resin material is about 1100 kg*m -3 , Young's modulus is about 1.41GPa, close to the real human bone 1000-1200kg*m -3 , 2-6GPa. After optimizing the raw material ratio, the hydrogel material achieves a density of 1078kg*m -3 , Young's modulus is 11.76kPa (atomic force microscope test), 9kPa (testing machine compression test), close to the 1060 kg*m of human brain tissue -3 , 12.3kPa.

[0026] Figure 12 The shock tube was used to test the response of human brain tissue to plane wave external loads, and the No. 4 sensor was used to collect the changes in intracranial pressure in the back of the brain. Figure 13 As shown, it can reflect the peak pressure during the plane wave impact process and the negative pressure stage when the shock wave rarefies the environment. The human brain model described in this embodiment can more accurately simulate the response of the human brain under the action of plane waves.

[0027] Figure 14 The brain tissue strain of the human brain model under the action of plane waves was extracted using the DIC method. The strain response of brain tissue details such as the sulcus and gyrus area can be clearly observed, indicating that the non-contact strain acquisition of the human brain under plane wave external loads in the embodiment of the present invention is feasible and reliable.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully transparent human head model, characterized in that: The device comprises a skull model and a brain tissue model. The brain tissue model is placed in the inner cavity of the skull model. A water injection hole is provided on the top of the skull model for injecting pure water to simulate the human brain aqueous solution after assembly. Both the skull model and the brain tissue model are fully transparent, and the appearance of the brain tissue model restores the real human brain, including the left brain, right brain, and cerebellum, and there are grooves and gyri on the surface.

2. The fully transparent human head model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the skull model is provided with a number of sensor holes for connecting sensors according to experimental requirements.

3. The fully transparent human head model according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The skull model includes an upper skull and a lower skull; brain tissue is placed between the upper skull and the lower skull, and a positioning boss and a positioning groove are provided between the upper skull and the lower skull to cooperate with each other for positioning connection.

4. A method for manufacturing a fully transparent human head model, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Make the upper and lower skulls; Make brain tissue 3D printing molds and special hydrogel materials; Use molds and special hydrogel materials to make brain tissue models; The upper skull, lower skull and brain tissue models are assembled to obtain a fully transparent human head model.

5. The method for manufacturing a fully transparent human head model according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper skull and the lower skull are manufactured using highly transparent photosensitive resin through stereolithography printing technology.

6. The method for manufacturing a fully transparent human head model according to claim 4, wherein: The brain tissue 3D printing mold includes a left brain 3D printing positive mold, a right brain 3D printing positive mold, a mold box body, and a demolding base plate; the left brain 3D printing positive mold and the right brain 3D printing positive mold respectively cooperate with the mold box body and the demolding base plate to form a silicone inverted mold; the left brain 3D printing positive mold is provided with a silicone female mold ventilation tube positive mold and a left brain 3D printing positive mold demolding base plate, and the silicone female mold ventilation tube positive mold is three vertical cylinders; the right brain 3D printing positive mold is provided with a right brain 3D printing positive mold demolding base plate.

7. The method for manufacturing a fully transparent human head model according to claim 6, wherein: The left brain silicone negative mold and the right brain silicone negative mold were obtained through the silicone casting mold.

8. The method for manufacturing a fully transparent human head model according to claim 4 or 7, characterized in that: The preparation of the brain tissue model specifically includes the following steps: Purified water, acrylamide, and methylenebisacrylamide were mixed in proportion and poured into the merged left and right brain silicone negative molds through the silicone negative mold ventilation tube, and the catalyst ammonium persulfate was dripped into it. After curing at 50°C for two hours, the left and right brain silicone negative molds were separated to obtain transparent gel brain tissue.

9. The method for manufacturing a fully transparent human head model according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the purified water, acrylamide and methylenebisacrylamide is 1000:100:

1.

10. The method for manufacturing a fully transparent human head model according to claim 8, wherein: The mass ratio of the methylenebisacrylamide to the catalyst is 1:1.

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