Satellite beam scheduling method, apparatus, device, medium, and program product

Abstract

The embodiments of the present specification provide a satellite beam scheduling method, device, equipment, medium and program product, wherein the satellite beam scheduling method comprises: determining a service area corresponding to a target satellite based on position information of the target satellite; scheduling a first beam of the target satellite to provide a first quality level of communication service for the service area; in the case of detecting that a communication request is initiated at a first position in the service area, determining a first communication enhancement area covering the first position in the service area, and scheduling a second beam of the target satellite to provide a second quality level of communication service for the first communication enhancement area, wherein the second quality level is higher than the first quality level. By intelligently scheduling the beams of the target satellite, the coverage of the communication service in the service area is ensured, and a higher quality level of communication service is provided for the demand area, thereby guaranteeing the coverage range and communication service efficiency of satellite communication.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the present specification relate to the technical field of satellite communication, and in particular to a satellite beam scheduling method, device, equipment, medium and program product. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional satellite communication systems have problems such as limited coverage, heavy terminal equipment, and unstable communication quality, while low-orbit satellites provide new possibilities for realizing wide-area mobile communication due to their low orbit height and short transmission delay. With the rapid development of low-orbit satellite constellation technology, direct satellite communication for mobile phones has become an important direction for the next generation of mobile communication.

[0003] In related technologies, direct satellite communication for mobile phones faces double contradictions: on the one hand, wide coverage requires wide beam design, but this leads to low communication rate; on the other hand, narrow beam is needed to improve service quality, but it is limited by satellite beam resources and cannot be applied on a large scale.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a satellite communication method that takes into account both coverage and service quality. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the embodiments of the present specification provide a satellite beam scheduling method. One or more embodiments of the present specification also relate to a satellite beam scheduling device, a computing device, a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product to solve the technical defects in the prior art.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present specification, a satellite beam scheduling method is provided, comprising:

[0007] determining a service area corresponding to a target satellite based on position information of the target satellite;

[0008] scheduling a first beam of the target satellite to provide a first quality level of communication service for the service area;

[0009] In the case where a communication request is initiated at a first location in the service area is detected, a first communication enhancement area in the service area covering the first location is determined, and a second beam of the target satellite is scheduled to provide a second quality level of communication service for the first communication enhancement area, wherein the second quality level is higher than the first quality level.

[0010] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present specification, a satellite beam scheduling device is provided, comprising:

[0011] The determining module is configured to determine a service area corresponding to a target satellite based on position information of the target satellite;

[0012] The first scheduling module is configured to schedule a first beam of the target satellite to provide a first quality level of communication service for the service area.

[0013] The second scheduling module is configured to, in a case where a communication request is initiated at a first location in the service area is detected, determine a first communication enhanced area in the service area covering the first location, and schedule a second beam of the target satellite to provide a second quality level of communication service for the first communication enhanced area, wherein the second quality level is higher than the first quality level.

[0014] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present specification, a computing device is provided, comprising:

[0015] a memory and a processor;

[0016] The memory is configured to store computer programs / instructions, and the processor is configured to execute the computer programs / instructions, which, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the above satellite beam scheduling method.

[0017] According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present specification, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which stores computer programs / instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the above satellite beam scheduling method.

[0018] According to a fifth aspect of an embodiment of the present specification, a computer program product is provided, comprising computer programs / instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the above satellite beam scheduling method.

[0019] One embodiment of the present specification realizes determining a service area corresponding to a target satellite based on position information of the target satellite, scheduling a first beam of the target satellite to provide a first quality level of communication service for the service area, in a case where a communication request is initiated at a first location in the service area is detected, determining a first communication enhanced area in the service area covering the first location, and scheduling a second beam of the target satellite to provide a second quality level of communication service for the first communication enhanced area, wherein the second quality level is higher than the first quality level. By intelligently scheduling the beams of the target satellite, the coverage of the communication service in the service area is ensured, and a higher quality level of communication service is provided for the communication enhanced area in demand, thereby guaranteeing the coverage range and communication service efficiency of satellite communication. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a structure interaction diagram of a satellite beam scheduling system provided by one embodiment of the present specification;

[0021] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a satellite beam scheduling method provided by one embodiment of the present specification;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the processing procedure of a satellite deployment and scheduling method provided in one embodiment of this specification;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of satellite scanning area division provided in one embodiment of this specification;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an unstretched satellite beam provided in one embodiment of this specification;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a widened satellite beam provided in one embodiment of this specification;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a satellite coverage area and a satellite scanning area provided in one embodiment of this specification;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a satellite beam scheduling device provided in one embodiment of this specification;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of a computing device provided in one embodiment of this specification. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this specification. However, this specification can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of this specification. Therefore, this specification is not limited to the specific implementations disclosed below.

[0030] The terminology used in one or more embodiments of this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the one or more embodiments of this specification. The singular forms “a,” “described,” and “the” as used in one or more embodiments of this specification and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in one or more embodiments of this specification refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0031] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc., may be used to describe various information in one or more embodiments of this specification, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, first may also be referred to as second without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of this specification, and similarly, second may also be referred to as first. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to a determination."

[0032] Furthermore, it should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in one or more embodiments of this specification are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties. Moreover, the collection, use and processing of related data must comply with the relevant laws, regulations and standards of the relevant countries and regions, and corresponding operation entry points are provided for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0033] First, the terms and concepts used in one or more embodiments of this specification will be explained.

[0034] Beam: A beam refers to the concentrated propagation direction of a radio signal in space. By designing an antenna, signal energy is concentrated in a specific direction for transmission or reception, thereby enhancing communication in that direction and reducing interference from other directions.

[0035] Beamwidth: Beamwidth is a technique for adjusting the parameters of a phased array antenna. By changing the phase and / or amplitude of each array element, the width of the originally narrow main beam is increased to cover a wider angular range, making it suitable for applications requiring wide-area coverage.

[0036] Beam hopping: Beam hopping technology allows beams to switch quickly between different geographic areas or service cells. Satellite beams can dynamically move from one location to another as needed to adapt to changes in user distribution and service requirements, thereby improving resource utilization and service flexibility.

[0037] Multi-beam phased array antenna: A multi-beam phased array antenna uses a large number of independently controlled small antenna elements to form an array, which can simultaneously generate multiple beams pointing in different directions. Each beam can independently adjust its direction, shape and power to achieve efficient communication with multiple targets at the same time.

[0038] Beamwidth: Beamwidth refers to the angular width between the two sides of the center point of the main beam and the half-power point (usually -3dB). It is an important indicator for measuring the degree of beam concentration and determines the main propagation direction and coverage of the signal.

[0039] Maximum satellite scan angle: The maximum satellite scan angle refers to the maximum tilt angle of the satellite antenna beam relative to the vertical downward direction (nadir). It limits the farthest distance the beam can cover on the ground surface and affects the minimum elevation angle and service range of ground users.

[0040] Nadir point: The nadir point is the point on the ground directly below the satellite, that is, the ground position corresponding to the point where the satellite beam is directly and vertically downward. The beam coverage effect is the best and the energy loss is the least at this position.

[0041] Isolation angle: Isolation angle refers to the minimum angular interval between two beams. Sufficient isolation angle helps reduce mutual interference between beams and ensures the quality and efficiency of each beam's service.

[0042] Staring: Staring refers to a beam being fixedly pointed at a specific area or target for a long time, rather than being quickly switched or scanned. This method is often used for services that require continuous high data transmission rates, such as providing high-quality communication support for a specific area.

[0043] Woodward-Lawson sampling method: The Woodward-Lawson sampling method is a technique used to design the radiation pattern of a phased array antenna. It samples the ideal radiation pattern at different discrete angles and calculates the phase weight value of each array element based on these samples to accurately shape the desired beam shape, such as achieving beam widening.

[0044] Traditional satellite communication systems have long faced a series of challenges, including limited coverage, bulky terminal equipment, and unstable communication quality. These problems severely limit their application potential in wide-area mobile communications. Traditional high-orbit satellites, due to their high altitude, experience long signal transmission delays, affecting user experience and posing a severe challenge to applications with high real-time requirements. Furthermore, traditional satellite communication terminals are often bulky and complex to operate, failing to meet modern users' demands for portability and ease of use.

[0045] Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites, due to their lower orbital altitude, significantly reduce signal transmission latency, providing a novel solution for efficient and reliable wide-area mobile communication. Compared to traditional high Earth Orbit (HEO) satellites, LEO satellites offer lower latency and higher bandwidth data transmission services, making them an ideal choice for addressing the aforementioned issues. In particular, with the continuous advancement of LEO satellite constellation technology, building a large-scale, continuously covering global satellite network has become a reality, making direct satellite communication for mobile phones a crucial development direction for next-generation mobile communications.

[0046] Despite this, significant technical contradictions remain in advancing direct satellite communication for mobile phones. On the one hand, achieving wide-area seamless coverage requires a wide-beam design to expand the service area of ​​a single beam. However, this inevitably reduces communication speed per unit area, impacting user experience. On the other hand, improving service quality and ensuring high-speed data transmission necessitates a narrow-beam design to concentrate energy in a specific area, but this is limited by the number of available beam resources on the satellite, making widespread implementation difficult. Therefore, finding a balance between these two approaches—meeting the requirements of wide coverage while ensuring a high-quality communication experience—is one of the key challenges currently facing the design of low-Earth orbit satellite communication systems.

[0047] To address the aforementioned problems, this specification provides a satellite beam scheduling method, a satellite beam scheduling device, a computing device, a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product, which will be described in detail in the following embodiments.

[0048] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structural interaction of a satellite beam scheduling system according to an embodiment of this specification. The satellite beam scheduling system includes a target satellite, a position detection terminal, a beam scheduling terminal, and user equipment. The target satellite is used for position detection communication with the position detection terminal. The position detection terminal is used to transmit the position information of the target satellite to the beam scheduling terminal. The beam scheduling terminal is used to determine the service area corresponding to the target satellite based on the position information of the target satellite; and to schedule a first beam of the target satellite to provide communication services of a first quality level to the service area. The user equipment is used to initiate a communication request in response to a user's operation and to transmit the communication request to the beam scheduling terminal. The beam scheduling terminal is further used to, upon detecting a communication request initiated by a first location in the service area, determine a first communication enhancement area covering the first location in the service area, and schedule a second beam of the target satellite to provide communication services of a second quality level to the first communication enhancement area, wherein the second quality level is higher than the first quality level.

[0049] Applied to this satellite beam scheduling system, the target satellite communicates with the position detection terminal to ensure accurate position information acquisition. The position detection terminal transmits this crucial information to the beam scheduling terminal, providing a basis for intelligent scheduling. Based on the target satellite's position information, the beam scheduling terminal determines the service area and schedules the first beam to ensure comprehensive coverage of basic communication services. When a user device initiates a communication request, the beam scheduling terminal identifies a specific demand area (i.e., the first communication enhancement area) and schedules the second beam to provide a higher quality-of-service (QoS) level for that area. Based on this, the entire system not only guarantees broad service coverage but also provides higher-quality communication support for specific needs, thereby optimizing the overall efficiency of satellite communication and the user experience. The close cooperation of all components enables precise allocation of satellite resources and improved service quality.

[0050] See Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a satellite beam scheduling method provided in one embodiment of this specification, which specifically includes the following steps.

[0051] Step 202: Based on the location information of the target satellite, determine the service area corresponding to the target satellite.

[0052] Position information refers to the real-time coordinates and attitude data of a satellite in its orbit. This data includes parameters such as the satellite's longitude, latitude, altitude, and the orientation of its antenna. Position information is obtained through orbit prediction data provided by the satellite's onboard navigation system (such as GPS, Global Positioning System) and ground stations.

[0053] The service area refers to the geographical area of ​​the Earth's surface that can be effectively covered based on the satellite's location and antenna characteristics. It is typically a circular or elliptical area centered on the satellite's current geocentric location, with the specific shape depending on factors such as the satellite's altitude, antenna beamwidth, and the Earth's curvature. For example, in low-Earth orbit satellite communications, a typical beam may cover a circular area with a diameter of several hundred kilometers.

[0054] In practical applications, the system first acquires the precise position information of the target satellite. This involves receiving the latest orbital data from the satellite's onboard sensors and combining it with auxiliary information provided by the ground control center for calculations. Next, the system uses this position data and the satellite antenna's design parameters, such as beamwidth and pointing angle, to determine the ground area that the satellite can cover. This process requires complex geometric calculations, including projecting the satellite's position in three-dimensional space onto a two-dimensional map, while considering the curvature of the Earth's surface. Furthermore, to improve accuracy, the system may adjust the beam direction and shape to ensure optimal coverage. For determining the coverage area in this step, one option is to directly calculate the coverage area using a pre-set mathematical model; another approach is to simulate coverage conditions under different conditions using simulation tools, thereby dynamically adjusting the coverage strategy.

[0055] In the embodiments described in this specification, by accurately parsing the location information of the target satellite and determining its service area accordingly, the system can efficiently plan and schedule satellite resources, ensuring stable and high-quality communication services to the designated geographical area. This method not only improves resource utilization but also enhances service response speed and service quality consistency, showing significant advantages, especially in responding to rapidly changing user demands. Furthermore, this method allows the system to flexibly adapt to different geographical environments and service requirements, further improving overall performance.

[0056] For example, in a low-Earth orbit satellite communication mission, a satellite is flying over a certain region. The system first obtains the latest position data from the satellite, including its current latitude, longitude, and altitude. Then, using this data and the satellite antenna's design parameters, the system calculates the specific ground area that the satellite can currently cover, discovering that it mainly covers the major cities and surrounding areas of the region. Based on this information, the system begins to schedule the first beam to provide basic communication services to this area, ensuring that all users in the area can enjoy basic network connectivity. Simultaneously, the system continuously monitors changes in the satellite's position and updates its service area as needed to maintain optimal communication coverage.

[0057] Step 204: Schedule the first beam of the target satellite to provide the first quality level of communication service to the service area.

[0058] The first beam is one or more radio signal transmission or reception channels configured on a satellite to cover a wide area of ​​the ground. These beams are typically designed with a wide coverage angle to serve a large geographic area, although the quality of service they provide is relatively low. The first beam is designed to ensure basic communication coverage over a large area, suitable for a broad user base.

[0059] The first quality level indicates the basic communication service quality provided through the first beam, suitable for a wide range of basic communication needs. This service level typically includes lower data transfer rates and higher latency, but is sufficient to meet the basic communication needs of a broad user base, such as voice calls and low-bandwidth data transfer. The first quality level of service aims to provide stable connections for as many users as possible, rather than pursuing the highest data rates or the lowest latency.

[0060] In practical applications, the system first activates the target satellite's first beam to cover the entire service area based on the target satellite's location information and service area data. This process involves adjusting the beam's direction, shape, and power to ensure optimal coverage. To achieve this, the system needs to dynamically adjust beam parameters to adapt to factors such as changes in the Earth's curvature and terrain obstacles. For example, the system may adjust the beam's direction and width based on real-time feedback to ensure effective coverage even under complex terrain conditions. For the beam activation step, one option is to quickly set it up directly according to a preset beam configuration table; another is to continuously optimize beam parameters through a real-time feedback mechanism to cope with environmental changes and fluctuations in service demand.

[0061] In the embodiments described in this specification, by scheduling the first beam to provide communication services of the first quality level to the service area, the system can rapidly establish a wide-ranging communication coverage network without increasing additional hardware costs. This method not only improves resource utilization but also enhances service response speed and service quality consistency, showing significant advantages, especially when dealing with large areas with low communication demand. Furthermore, by flexibly adjusting beam parameters, the system can effectively respond to changes in different geographical environments and service needs, further improving overall performance. The system can dynamically adjust the beam coverage range based on real-time data, ensuring stable basic communication services for the designated area at all times.

[0062] For example, in a low-Earth orbit satellite communication mission, a satellite is flying over a region. The system acquires the latest position data from the satellite and uses this data, combined with antenna design parameters, to calculate the specific service area. Subsequently, the system activates the first beam to provide basic communication services to this area. For instance, the satellite's first beam covers the major cities and surrounding areas of a region, enabling all users within the area to enjoy basic network connectivity. The system continuously monitors beam coverage and dynamically adjusts beam parameters based on terrain changes and user density to ensure optimal coverage. Simultaneously, the system prepares to further optimize the beam configuration based on specific user needs to provide higher quality services. This dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures stable communication support for a specific area regardless of satellite movement. Throughout the process, the first beam maintains basic communication support over a large area, guaranteeing that the communication needs of users within the area are met.

[0063] Furthermore, scheduling the first beam of the target satellite to provide communication services of a first quality level to the service area includes: determining a predetermined number of beam coverage areas included in the service area based on first area division information, wherein the first area division information is used to indicate the positional relationship between the service area and the beam coverage areas, and different beam coverage areas provide communication services of the first quality level through different first beams; determining a predetermined number of first beams from the candidate beams of the target satellite; and scheduling the predetermined number of first beams respectively to provide communication services of the first quality level to the predetermined number of beam coverage areas.

[0064] A beam coverage area refers to a specific geographical area where a single beam provides basic services. Each beam coverage area corresponds to an independent first beam, and these beam coverage areas together constitute the entire service area. The design of beam coverage areas ensures uniform basic communication coverage even within a large service area. A beam coverage area is a sub-area within the service area that provides communication services through a single beam (beam hopping).

[0065] The first area segmentation information is a dataset used by the system to describe the locational relationship between the service area and the beam coverage area. It details the specific location of each beam coverage area and its corresponding beam configuration, enabling the system to accurately manage and schedule communication resources within each beam coverage area.

[0066] In practical applications, the system first determines the predetermined number of beam coverage areas within the service area based on the first region division information. Specifically, the system uses the first region division information, based on satellite location information and service area data, to determine how many beam coverage areas are needed to fully cover the service area. For example, if the service area is large and the terrain is complex, more beam coverage areas may be needed to ensure no blind spots. Next, the system selects the predetermined number of first beams from the candidate beams of the target satellite. This step requires consideration of parameters such as the number, direction, and power of the beams to ensure optimal coverage. Then, the system schedules these selected first beams to point to their respective coverage areas, beginning to provide communication services of the first quality level. To maintain high-quality coverage, the system continuously monitors the beam's operating status and adjusts the beam's direction and power based on real-time feedback.

[0067] For determining the number of beam coverage areas in the steps, one option is to quickly set it according to a preset standard, while another is to use simulation tools to simulate coverage under different conditions, thereby dynamically adjusting the number and layout of beam coverage areas.

[0068] In the embodiments described in this specification, by scheduling the first beam to provide communication services of the first quality level to multiple beam coverage areas, the system can rapidly establish a wide-ranging communication coverage network without increasing additional hardware costs. This method not only improves resource utilization but also enhances service response speed and service quality consistency, showing significant advantages, especially when dealing with large areas with low communication demand. Furthermore, by flexibly adjusting beam parameters, the system can effectively respond to changes in different geographical environments and service requirements, further improving overall performance.

[0069] For example, in a low-Earth orbit satellite communication mission, a satellite is flying over a certain region. The system first acquires the latest position data from the satellite and uses this data, combined with antenna design parameters, to calculate the specific service area. Next, based on the first region division information, the system determines that five beam coverage areas are needed to fully cover the service area. The system then selects five first beams from the candidate beams of the target satellite and schedules them to their respective coverage areas. For example, the first beam covers the main urban center of the region, the second beam covers the surrounding suburbs, and the remaining three beams cover other key areas. In this way, the system provides stable basic communication services for the entire service area. Throughout the process, the system continuously monitors the service quality of each beam coverage area and dynamically adjusts beam parameters according to terrain changes and user density to ensure optimal coverage. This dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures stable communication guarantees for a specific area regardless of satellite movement.

[0070] Furthermore, the beam coverage area includes multiple beam scanning areas, each of which is the area covered by the first beam in a single scan during the transition process. A predetermined number of first beams are scheduled to provide communication services of a first quality level to the predetermined number of beam coverage areas. This includes: scheduling idle target first beams, and sequentially transitioning to cover each beam scanning area within the target beam coverage area according to a preset traversal order and at each first preset time interval. The target first beam is any idle beam among the predetermined number of first beams, and the target beam coverage area is any one of the predetermined number of beam coverage areas.

[0071] A beam scan area is the specific geographical region that the first beam can cover in a single scan. It represents the fixed coverage area of ​​the beam at a given moment, typically a small area, in order to achieve effective coverage of a larger area.

[0072] The preset traversal order refers to the predefined beam scanning order of the system, which guides how the beams sequentially cover each beam scanning area. This order can be determined based on various factors, such as user density, terrain features, or service quality requirements.

[0073] The first preset time period is a time interval set by the system. During this period, the beam will remain within one beam scanning area and then jump to the next beam scanning area. The selection of this time interval needs to balance coverage efficiency and service quality.

[0074] In practical applications, the system first determines the required number of beam coverage areas and the number of beam scanning areas within each coverage area based on the service area's needs and satellite resource availability. Next, the system selects the first currently idle beam from the candidate beams of the target satellite as the target first beam and assigns it to a target beam coverage area. Following a preset traversal order and a first preset time period, the system schedules the target first beam to sequentially hop across the various beam scanning areas within the target beam coverage area. For example, if a coverage area contains ten beam scanning areas, the target first beam will hop to the next beam scanning area after each first preset time period until the entire coverage area has been traversed. Throughout this process, the system continuously monitors the beam's operational status and adjusts its direction and power based on real-time feedback to ensure optimal coverage.

[0075] For the scheduling beam switching coverage in the steps, one option is to directly switch at time according to the preset traversal order. Another option is to dynamically adjust the traversal order and switching frequency according to real-time user requests to better adapt to changing service requirements.

[0076] In the embodiments described in this specification, by scheduling multiple first beams and sequentially switching between the scanning areas of each beam within the coverage area according to a preset traversal order, the system can efficiently achieve large-area basic communication coverage without increasing additional hardware costs. This method not only improves resource utilization but also enhances service response speed and service quality consistency, showing significant advantages, especially when dealing with large areas with low communication demand. Furthermore, by flexibly adjusting beam parameters and switching strategies, the system can effectively respond to changes in different geographical environments and service requirements, further improving overall performance.

[0077] For example, in a low-Earth orbit satellite communication mission, a satellite is flying over a certain region. The system first acquires the latest position data from the satellite and uses this data, combined with antenna design parameters, to calculate the specific service area. Next, the system determines that five beam coverage areas are needed to fully cover the service area, each containing ten beam scanning areas. The system then selects an idle first beam from the candidate beams of the target satellite and assigns it to the first beam coverage area. Following a preset traversal order and a first preset time interval of 0.1 milliseconds, the system schedules the target first beam to sequentially switch coverage areas within the first beam coverage area. For example, the first beam scanning area covers the main commercial area of ​​a region, the second beam scanning area covers the surrounding residential area, and so on. In this way, the system provides stable basic communication services for the entire beam coverage area. Throughout the process, the system continuously monitors the service quality of each beam scanning area and dynamically adjusts beam parameters according to terrain changes and user density to ensure optimal coverage. This dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures stable communication guarantees for a specific area regardless of satellite movement.

[0078] Furthermore, the preset traversal order includes the relative movement distance and the relative movement direction; scheduling the idle target first beam, according to the preset traversal order and every first preset time period, sequentially jumps to cover each beam scanning area in the target beam coverage area, including: scheduling the idle target first beam, according to the relative movement distance and the relative movement direction, and every first preset time period, sequentially jumps to cover each beam scanning area in the target beam coverage area.

[0079] The relative movement distance refers to the distance the beam travels from one beam scanning area to the next during each transition. This distance is usually pre-set based on the size and layout of the beam scanning areas to ensure that the beam can efficiently cover the entire coverage area while avoiding beam overlap and interference.

[0080] The relative movement direction refers to the direction in which the beam moves during the transition. This direction can be fixed (such as clockwise or counterclockwise) or dynamically adjusted according to actual needs. By properly setting the relative movement direction, cross-interference between beams can be effectively avoided, and satellite resources can be utilized to the maximum extent.

[0081] In practical applications, the system first determines the required number of beam coverage areas and the number of beam scanning areas within each coverage area based on the service area's needs and satellite resource availability. Next, the system selects the first currently idle beam from the candidate beams of the target satellite as the target first beam and assigns it to a target beam coverage area. Following a preset traversal order (including relative movement distance and direction) and a first preset time period, the system schedules the target first beam to sequentially hop across each beam scanning area within the target beam coverage area. For example, if a coverage area contains ten beam scanning areas, the target first beam will hop to the next beam scanning area after each first preset time period according to a predetermined relative movement distance and direction, until the entire coverage area is traversed. During this process, the system continuously monitors the beam's operational status and adjusts the beam's direction and power based on real-time feedback to ensure optimal coverage while avoiding cross-interference between beams.

[0082] In the embodiments described in this specification, by scheduling multiple first beams and sequentially switching between the scanning areas of each beam within the coverage area according to a preset traversal order (including relative movement distance and relative movement direction), the system can efficiently achieve large-area basic communication coverage without increasing additional hardware costs. This method not only improves resource utilization but also enhances service response speed and service quality consistency, showing significant advantages, especially when dealing with large areas with low communication demand. Furthermore, by flexibly adjusting beam parameters and switching strategies, the system can effectively avoid cross-interference between beams, maintain a large phase separation angle, and further improve overall performance.

[0083] For example, assume that the beam coverage area A contains 16 hexagonal beam scanning areas, numbered 1 to 16. The system traverses these beam scanning areas in the order of 1-2-3-4, staying in each beam scanning area for 0.1 milliseconds (ms). The beam first sequentially switches and covers beam scanning areas numbered 1, 2, 3, and 4, staying in each scanning area for 0.1 ms before quickly switching to the next, and then continues traversing beam scanning areas numbered 5-8, 9-12, and 13-16 in the same order. Throughout the process, the system continuously monitors the beam's operating status and dynamically adjusts the beam's direction and power based on real-time feedback to ensure optimal coverage, avoid cross-interference between beams, maintain a large phase angle, and thus efficiently provide stable basic communication services for the entire beam coverage area.

[0084] Furthermore, before scheduling the idle target first beam and sequentially switching the coverage of each beam scanning area in the target beam coverage area according to a preset traversal order and every first preset time period, the method further includes: if the beam scanning range of the first beam is smaller than the beam scanning area, performing broadening processing on the first beam based on the range of the beam scanning area to obtain a broadened beam, wherein the beam scanning range of the broadened beam is the same as the beam scanning area; correspondingly, scheduling the idle target first beam and sequentially switching the coverage of each beam scanning area in the target beam coverage area according to a preset traversal order and every first preset time period includes: scheduling the idle target broadened beam and sequentially switching the coverage of each beam scanning area in the target beam coverage area according to a preset traversal order and every first preset time period, wherein the target broadened beam is the broadened beam corresponding to the target first beam.

[0085] Beam widening is a process of altering the radiation pattern shape of a phased array antenna by adjusting relevant parameters, thereby increasing the main lobe width and expanding the coverage area. Specifically, the system can achieve beam widening by adjusting the amplitude and phase of the array elements, or by adjusting only the phase.

[0086] The Woodward-Lawson sampling method is a technique for designing the radiation pattern of a phased array antenna. It samples the desired radiation pattern at different discrete angles and calculates the phase weight values ​​of each array element based on these samples to accurately shape the desired beam.

[0087] In practical applications, when the system detects that the beam scanning range of the first beam is smaller than the beam scanning area, it first performs beam widening processing. The specific steps are as follows: First, determine the size of the beam projection on the ground to ensure that it can cover the entire ground cell area. Next, calculate and determine the beam width using a projection method based on the orbital altitude and beam pointing angle. The Woodward-Lawson method is used to sample this angle, calculate the phase weight of each array element, and substitute it into antenna pattern simulation software for simulation verification. Iteration is performed, and the pattern is finally confirmed to meet expectations. The obtained phase parameters are stored. When the antenna is working, the beam pointing is calculated based on ephemeris data and cell location. The corresponding phase weight is obtained by looking up a table, and then the beam control unit controls the beam widening and pointing to the target cell according to the weight. After the widening processing is completed, the system schedules idle target widened beams and sequentially jumps to cover each beam scanning area in the target beam coverage area according to a preset traversal order and every first preset time period. For example, assuming the beam coverage area contains 16 hexagonal beam scanning areas, numbered 1 to 16, the system traverses these beam scanning areas in the order of 1-2-3-4, staying in each beam scanning area for 0.1 milliseconds (ms) before quickly switching to the next, and then continuing to traverse beam scanning areas numbered 5-8, 9-12, and 13-16 in the same order. Throughout the process, the system continuously monitors the beam's operating status and dynamically adjusts the beam's direction and power based on real-time feedback to ensure optimal coverage. For the beam widening processing in this step, one option is to weight both amplitude and phase simultaneously; another is to perform phase weighting only to avoid reducing the antenna's effective radiated power.

[0088] In the embodiments described in this specification, by performing beam widening processing when the beam scanning range of the first beam is smaller than the beam scanning area, the system ensures that each beam scanning area is completely covered, improving resource utilization and service response speed. Furthermore, by flexibly adjusting beam parameters and hopping strategies, the system can effectively cope with changes in different geographical environments and service requirements, further enhancing overall performance. In particular, the use of the Woodward-Lawson sampling method for phase weighting makes beam widening more accurate, reduces interference between adjacent beams, and improves the consistency and reliability of communication service quality.

[0089] For example, in a low-Earth orbit satellite communication mission, a satellite is flying over a certain region. The system acquires the latest position data from the satellite and uses this data, combined with antenna design parameters, to calculate the specific service area. Assume the service area contains five beam coverage areas, each containing ten beam scanning areas. The system first checks if the beam scanning range of the first beam is smaller than the beam scanning area. If it is, it performs broadening processing. Specifically, the system uses the Woodward-Lawson sampling method to perform phase weighting on the transmitting and receiving antennas of the phased array antenna, achieving the desired radiation pattern by sampling at different discrete angles. After broadening processing, the system schedules idle target broadening beams, sequentially switching between beam scanning areas within the coverage area according to a preset traversal order and a first preset time interval of 0.1 ms. For example, the first beam scanning area covers the main commercial area of ​​a region, the second beam scanning area covers the surrounding residential area, and so on. In this way, the system provides stable basic communication services for the entire beam coverage area. Throughout the process, the system continuously monitors the service quality of each beam's scanning area and dynamically adjusts beam parameters based on terrain changes and user density to ensure optimal coverage. This dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures stable communication for specific areas regardless of satellite movement, while avoiding cross-interference between beams and maintaining a large phase separation angle.

[0090] Step 206: If a communication request is detected from a first location in the service area, a first communication enhancement area covering the first location is determined in the service area, and the second beam of the target satellite is scheduled to provide communication services of a second quality level to the first communication enhancement area, wherein the second quality level is higher than the first quality level.

[0091] The primary location refers to the specific geographical location where the user equipment initiates the communication request. This location information is typically obtained by the user equipment via GPS or other positioning technologies and then sent to the system for processing.

[0092] The first communications enhancement zone is a small, high-service-quality area specifically designated based on user needs. It typically covers a small, specific location requiring high-quality communication services. The size and shape of this zone depend on the specific service requirements and the technical parameters of the satellite beams, aiming to ensure high-quality communication support for the particular user.

[0093] The second beam is specifically designed to provide higher quality communication services, featuring higher data transmission rates and lower latency. Compared to the first beam, the second beam typically has a narrower coverage angle to concentrate energy and improve service quality within a specific area.

[0094] The second quality level indicates a higher quality of communication service provided through the second beam, suitable for high-quality communication needs over a small area. This service level typically includes higher data transmission rates, lower latency, and other optimized performance metrics such as better signal stability and higher spectral efficiency.

[0095] In practical applications, when the system detects a user initiating a communication request within the service area, it first identifies the user's specific location (i.e., the first location). Next, based on the user's needs and current satellite resources, the system determines a first communication enhancement area covering that location. Subsequently, the system activates the second beam of the target satellite, precisely pointing it towards this small area to provide a second-quality level of communication service. To achieve this, the system needs to dynamically adjust the beam's direction, shape, and power to ensure optimal coverage. For identifying user requests and determining enhancement areas, one option is to automatically respond based on real-time monitoring of all user activity; another is to set up a periodic checking mechanism to update user status and service requirements.

[0096] In the embodiments described in this specification, by intelligently scheduling the second beam to provide a second quality level of communication service to the first communication enhancement area, the system can not only guarantee basic communication coverage over a large area, but also provide higher quality communication support for specific needs. This method makes resource allocation more flexible and efficient, especially performing well in handling dynamically changing user demands. It allows the system to significantly improve user experience and satisfaction without increasing additional hardware costs, demonstrating its unique advantages, particularly in high-density usage scenarios. Furthermore, by precisely adjusting beam parameters, the system can effectively respond to changes in different geographical environments and service requirements, further improving overall performance.

[0097] For example, in a low-Earth orbit satellite communication mission, a satellite is flying over a region. The system acquires the latest position data from the satellite and uses this data, combined with antenna design parameters, to calculate the specific service area. When the system detects that a user has initiated a high-bandwidth communication request from a specific location within this area, the system quickly identifies the user's location and determines a small-scale communication enhancement area covering that location. Then, the system activates the satellite's second beam, precisely pointing it towards this small area, and begins providing high-quality communication services. For instance, this second beam covers a commercial area within the region, enabling users within that area to enjoy high-speed and stable internet access. The system continuously monitors user activity and service quality, and dynamically adjusts beam parameters based on terrain changes and user density to ensure optimal coverage. Throughout the process, the second beam maintains high-quality communication support for the specific area, meeting the user's specific needs.

[0098] Further, determining the first communication enhancement area covering the first location within the service area includes: obtaining second area division information, wherein the second area division information is used to indicate the correspondence between the service area and the communication enhancement area; and determining the first communication enhancement area hit by the first location within the service area based on the second area division information.

[0099] The second area segmentation information refers to the dataset used by the system to describe the correspondence between service areas and communication enhancement areas. It details the specific location of each communication enhancement area and its corresponding coverage and service level, enabling the system to accurately identify which geographical locations require higher quality of service support.

[0100] In practical applications, when the system detects a user initiating a communication request within the service area, it first needs to obtain second-region segmentation information to understand the correspondence between the service area and the communication enhancement area. Second-region segmentation information provides detailed geographic mapping data, helping the system identify which areas require higher quality of service support. Next, based on the second-region segmentation information, the system can determine the first communication enhancement area corresponding to the first location within the service area. For example, suppose a service area is divided into multiple communication enhancement areas, each with its specific coverage area and quality of service level. When the system receives a communication request from a user located at a specific location, it queries the second-region segmentation information to find the communication enhancement area that best matches that location and marks this area as the first communication enhancement area.

[0101] For the acquisition and use of the second region division information in the steps, one option is to directly extract the relevant data from the pre-stored database, and another is to dynamically adapt to changing needs and service environment by calculating and updating the region division information in real time.

[0102] In the embodiments described in this specification, by acquiring second region division information and determining a first communication enhancement region covering the first location within the service area, the system can efficiently identify specific regions requiring higher quality of service support. This method not only improves resource utilization but also enhances service response speed and service quality consistency, showing significant advantages, especially when dealing with high-density user demands or special application scenarios. Furthermore, by flexibly adjusting the division strategy of communication enhancement regions, the system can effectively respond to changes in different geographical environments and service requirements, further improving overall performance.

[0103] For example, in a low-Earth orbit satellite communication mission, a satellite is flying over a certain region. The system acquires the latest position data from the satellite and uses this data, combined with antenna design parameters, to calculate the specific service area. Assume the service area contains five beam coverage areas, each with several communication enhancement areas. When the system detects a user at a specific location initiating a high-bandwidth communication request, it first obtains second-region delineation information to understand the correspondence between the service area and the communication enhancement areas. The system finds that the user's geographical location falls within a specific communication enhancement area. Based on this information, the system designates this area as the first communication enhancement area and allocates corresponding satellite resources to provide high-quality communication services. For example, this communication enhancement area covers a commercial area within a certain region, enabling users within that area to enjoy high-speed and stable internet access. Throughout the process, the system continuously monitors the service quality of each communication enhancement area and dynamically adjusts beam parameters based on terrain changes and user density to ensure optimal coverage. This dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures stable communication for a specific area regardless of satellite movement, while also meeting the specific needs of users.

[0104] Further, obtaining second region division information includes: determining multiple regions to be enhanced within the service area based on the beam scanning range of the second beam; and generating second region division information based on the location information of the service area and the location information of the multiple regions to be enhanced.

[0105] The second region segmentation information is a dataset describing the correspondence between service areas and communication enhancement areas. It details the specific location of each communication enhancement area, its corresponding coverage area, and service level, enabling the system to accurately manage and schedule resources within each communication enhancement area.

[0106] In practical applications, the system first identifies multiple areas requiring enhancement within the service area based on the beam scanning range of the second beam. The system calculates the geographical extent of the entire service area using satellite location information and service area data. Next, the system analyzes the beam scanning range of the second beam and determines which geographical locations require higher quality of service support. For example, if a geographical location has high-density user activity or special service needs (such as emergency rescue or important commercial activities), that location will be marked as an area requiring enhancement. Assuming the service area contains five beam coverage areas, each with several potential areas requiring enhancement, one approach to identifying these areas is to dynamically adjust their number and distribution based on real-time monitoring data; another approach is to predict future high-demand areas based on historical data analysis.

[0107] Based on the location information of the service area and multiple areas to be enhanced, the system generates second-region segmentation information. This process involves complex calculations to ensure that each area to be enhanced receives appropriate coverage and service. Specifically, the system uses satellite location information and service area data, combined with terrain features and user needs, to identify specific geographical areas requiring higher quality of service support. Then, based on the above information, the system generates detailed second-region segmentation information, including the specific location, shape, and corresponding coverage and service levels of each area to be enhanced. The generated second-region segmentation information is stored in a database for later use. When the system receives a user's communication request, it can quickly identify the first communication enhancement area matched by the first location based on the second-region segmentation information. For generating the second-region segmentation information, one option is to directly extract relevant data from the pre-stored database and update it; another implementation is to dynamically adapt to changing needs and service environments by calculating and updating the segmentation information in real time.

[0108] In the embodiments described in this specification, multiple areas to be enhanced within the service area are determined by beam scanning range based on a second beam, and detailed second area division information is generated. This allows the system to efficiently identify specific areas requiring higher quality of service support. This method not only improves resource utilization but also enhances service response speed and service quality consistency, showing significant advantages, especially when dealing with high-density user demands or special application scenarios. Furthermore, by flexibly adjusting the division strategy of communication enhancement areas, the system can effectively respond to changes in different geographical environments and service requirements, further improving overall performance. The system can dynamically adjust the layout of areas to be enhanced based on real-time data, ensuring optimal communication guarantees for specific areas at all times.

[0109] For example, in a low-Earth orbit satellite communication mission, a satellite is flying over a certain region. The system acquires the latest position data from the satellite and uses this data, combined with antenna design parameters, to calculate the specific service area. Assume the service area contains five beam coverage areas, each with several potential enhancement areas. The system first identifies multiple enhancement areas within the service area based on the beam scanning range of the second beam. For instance, the system identifies a commercial area in a certain region that requires higher service quality support due to high-density user activity and marks it as an enhancement area. Next, based on the location information of the service area and the location information of multiple enhancement areas, the system generates detailed second-area division information. This information details the specific location, shape, and corresponding coverage and service level of each enhancement area. When the system receives a high-bandwidth communication request from a user located in the commercial area, the system queries the second-area division information to find the communication enhancement area that best matches the location and marks this area as the first communication enhancement area. Subsequently, the system schedules appropriate satellite resources to provide high-quality communication services. Throughout the process, the system continuously monitors the service quality of each communication enhancement area and dynamically adjusts beam parameters based on terrain changes and user density to ensure optimal coverage. This dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures stable communication coverage for specific areas regardless of satellite movement, while also meeting users' specific needs.

[0110] Furthermore, scheduling the second beam of the target satellite to provide communication services of a second quality level for the first communication enhancement area includes: determining a second beam other than the first beam from the candidate beams of the target satellite, wherein the area covered by the second beam in one scan matches the first communication enhancement area; scheduling an idle target second beam to provide communication services of a second quality level for the first communication enhancement area, wherein the target second beam is any idle beam among the second beams.

[0111] In practical applications, the system first selects a second beam from the candidate beams of the target satellite, based on the needs and service requirements of the first communication enhancement area. When selecting the second beam, the system considers parameters such as coverage range, direction, and power to ensure accurate coverage of the first communication enhancement area. For example, assuming the first communication enhancement area is a circular area with a diameter of 10 kilometers, the system will select a second beam with a coverage range matching this to provide service. For determining the second beam, one option is to quickly set it according to preset standards; another is to continuously optimize the beam parameters through a real-time feedback mechanism to cope with environmental changes and fluctuations in service requirements.

[0112] Next, the system schedules an idle target second beam to provide a second quality level of communication service to the first communication enhancement area. Specifically, when the system detects a communication request in a first communication enhancement area, it selects a currently idle beam from the available second beams and directs it towards that enhancement area. For example, if a commercial area is designated as the first communication enhancement area, the system will schedule an idle second beam to ensure that users within that area can enjoy high-speed and stable internet access. Throughout the process, the system continuously monitors the operating status of each beam and adjusts the beam direction and power based on real-time feedback to ensure optimal coverage.

[0113] For scheduling the second beam in the steps, one option is to periodically check the status of each beam according to a preset schedule and automatically allocate idle beams to the areas that need service. Another option is to dynamically adjust the beam allocation strategy according to real-time demand to better adapt to changing service requirements.

[0114] In the embodiments described in this specification, by determining a second beam (other than the first beam) from the candidate beams of the target satellite and scheduling the idle target second beam to provide a second quality level of communication service to the first communication enhancement area, the system can efficiently meet the high-quality communication needs of users within a specific area. This method not only improves resource utilization but also enhances service response speed and service quality consistency, showing significant advantages, especially when dealing with high-density user demands or special application scenarios. Furthermore, by flexibly adjusting beam parameters and scheduling strategies, the system can effectively respond to changes in different geographical environments and service demands, further improving overall performance. The system can dynamically adjust beam allocation based on real-time data to ensure optimal communication guarantees for a specific area at any time.

[0115] For example, in a low-Earth orbit satellite communication mission, a satellite is flying over a certain area. The system acquires the latest position data from the satellite and uses this data, combined with antenna design parameters, to calculate the specific service area. Assume the service area contains five beam coverage areas, each with several potential first communication enhancement areas. When the system detects that a commercial area in a certain region requires higher quality of service due to high-density user activity, the system first selects a second beam from the target satellite's candidate beams, in addition to the first beam. For example, the system selects a second beam with a coverage area of ​​10 kilometers in diameter to match the first communication enhancement area of ​​the commercial area. Then, the system schedules an idle second beam to ensure that users in the area can enjoy high-speed and stable internet access. Throughout the process, the system continuously monitors the quality of service in each communication enhancement area and dynamically adjusts beam parameters according to terrain changes and user density to ensure optimal coverage. This dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures stable communication for a specific area regardless of satellite movement, while meeting the specific needs of users.

[0116] Furthermore, the satellite beam scheduling method also includes: when a communication request is detected from a second location in the service area and there is no idle second beam on the target satellite, the target second beam is scheduled to switch to cover a first communication enhancement area and a second communication enhancement area every second preset time period, wherein the second communication enhancement area is the communication enhancement area in the service area that covers the second location.

[0117] The second location refers to the specific geographical location of the user equipment that initiated the communication request, which is different from the first location. This location information is usually obtained by the user equipment through GPS or other positioning technologies and sent to the system for processing.

[0118] The second communication enhancement zone is a small, high-quality-of-service area specifically designated according to user needs. Similar to the first communication enhancement zone, it is specifically designed for the needs of a second location. The size and shape of this zone depend on specific service requirements and the technical parameters of the satellite beams, aiming to ensure high-quality communication support for a particular user.

[0119] The second preset time period is a time interval set by the system during which the beam will remain within one communication enhancement area and then jump to the next. Choosing an appropriate time interval is crucial for balancing coverage efficiency and service quality.

[0120] The target second beam refers to the beam that has already been allocated to provide second-quality level communication services. In this case, when no idle second beam is available, the system needs to dynamically adjust the usage of existing beams to meet new communication requests.

[0121] In practical applications, when the system detects a communication request initiated by a second location within the service area, and there is no available second beam on the target satellite, the system will take measures to optimize the use of existing beams. First, the system identifies the second communication enhancement area corresponding to the second location. Next, the system determines a target second beam that has already been allocated to the first communication enhancement area and sets it to switch coverage between the first and second communication enhancement areas every second preset time interval (e.g., every 0.1 milliseconds). This allows the target second beam to sequentially cover these two areas at different time intervals, thereby maximizing the utilization of existing beam resources.

[0122] The system first calculates the specific location and range of the second communication enhancement area based on the location information and service area data of the second location. Next, the system selects a target second beam from the allocated second beams and sets it to switch coverage between the first and second communication enhancement areas every second preset time interval (e.g., every 0.1 milliseconds). This means that within each 0.1 millisecond time interval, the beam will first cover the first communication enhancement area, then switch to the second, and so on, in a loop. Throughout this process, the system continuously monitors the service quality of each communication enhancement area and adjusts the beam direction and power based on real-time feedback to ensure optimal coverage.

[0123] For scheduling beam switching to cover multiple communication enhancement areas in the steps, one option is to periodically check the status of each beam according to a preset schedule and automatically adjust the beam switching order. Another option is to dynamically adjust the beam switching strategy according to real-time needs to better adapt to changing service requirements.

[0124] In the embodiments described in this specification, when a communication request is detected from a second location in the service area and the target satellite does not have an idle second beam, the system schedules the target second beam to switch coverage between the first and second communication enhancement areas every second preset time period. This allows the system to efficiently utilize existing beam resources and meet the high-quality communication needs of more users. This method not only improves resource utilization but also enhances service response speed and service quality consistency, showing significant advantages, especially when dealing with high-density user demands or special application scenarios. Furthermore, by flexibly adjusting beam parameters and scheduling strategies, the system can effectively respond to changes in different geographical environments and service demands, further improving overall performance. The system can dynamically adjust beam allocation based on real-time data to ensure optimal communication guarantees for specific areas at any given time.

[0125] For example, in a low-Earth orbit satellite communication mission, a satellite is flying over a certain area. The system acquires the latest position data from the satellite and uses this data, combined with antenna design parameters, to calculate the specific service area. Assume the service area contains five beam coverage zones, each with several potential first and second communication enhancement zones. When the system detects that a commercial area in the region requires higher quality of service due to high-density user activity, it first selects a second beam (other than the first beam) from the target satellite's candidate beams and schedules it to the first communication enhancement zone of that commercial area. Subsequently, the system detects another location (the second location) also initiating a communication request, but since no idle second beam is available, the system decides to schedule the already used second beam to switch coverage between the first and second communication enhancement zones every 0.1 milliseconds. In this way, the system can provide high-quality communication service alternately between the two communication enhancement zones. Throughout the process, the system continuously monitors the quality of service in each communication enhancement zone and dynamically adjusts beam parameters based on terrain changes and user density to ensure optimal coverage. This dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures stable communication for a specific area regardless of satellite movement, while also meeting the specific needs of users.

[0126] One embodiment of this specification implements the following: Based on the location information of a target satellite, the service area corresponding to the target satellite is determined; a first beam of the target satellite is scheduled to provide communication services of a first quality level to the service area; when a communication request is detected from a first location in the service area, a first communication enhancement area covering the first location is determined, and a second beam of the target satellite is scheduled to provide communication services of a second quality level to the first communication enhancement area, wherein the second quality level is higher than the first quality level. By intelligently scheduling the beam of the target satellite, the coverage of communication services within the service area is ensured, while providing higher quality communication services to the communication enhancement areas where demand is needed, thus guaranteeing both the coverage range and the efficiency of satellite communication services.

[0127] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 3 Taking the satellite beam scheduling method provided in this specification as an example of its application in direct satellite connection between a mobile phone and a satellite, the satellite beam scheduling method will be further explained. Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the processing steps of a satellite deployment and scheduling method provided in one embodiment of this specification, specifically including the following steps.

[0128] Step 302: Based on the H3 geospatial indexing system, divide the target area into hexagonal cells with a radius of 70km and nested enhanced cells with a radius of 10km.

[0129] Specifically, the system uses a fixed ground-based cell design. The target area is divided into over a thousand hexagonal cells (i.e., the aforementioned satellite scanning area) using the H3 (Hexagonal 3, hexagonal three-layer architecture) geospatial indexing system, with each cell having a radius of approximately 70km. Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of satellite scanning area division provided in one embodiment of this specification.

[0130] Step 304: Each satellite is equipped with 32 bidirectional beams, including 16 low-speed baseline beams and 16 enhancement beams.

[0131] Specifically, each satellite is equipped with 32 (or more) bidirectional beams, of which about half, or 16 beams, are used for the low-speed baseline network (i.e., the aforementioned first beam), and the other 16 beams are used for the communication enhancement network (i.e., the aforementioned second beam). If the number of satellites increases, the proportion of beams used for the low-speed baseline network can be gradually reduced, thereby increasing the overall capacity of the entire network.

[0132] Step 306: Use the Woodward-Lawson phase weighting method to dynamically adjust the beamwidth.

[0133] Specifically, the beamwidth of a single satellite beam in the normal direction is approximately 3°. In a typical constellation configuration, when the satellite orbital altitude is approximately 500km, the maximum beam scanning angle is close to 60° (corresponding to a minimum elevation angle of approximately 20° for the ground UE). Therefore, the nadir coverage radius of the satellite beam is approximately 12km, and the minor semi-axis of the ground coverage ellipse at a 60° scanning angle is approximately 50km. Figure 5 As shown. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an unstretched satellite beam provided in one embodiment of this specification, wherein S is the satellite position, beam 1 is a beam with a nadir coverage radius of approximately 12 km, and beam 2 is a beam with a minor semi-axis of approximately 50 km of the ground coverage ellipse at a scanning angle of 60°.

[0134] For the 16 beams used by the satellite for low-speed baseline coverage, beam widening is performed using phase weighting. This results in the widened beams having a radius or minor semi-axis of approximately 70 km in their ground coverage area, whether at the nadir or at the maximum scan angle, thus providing complete coverage of a fixed ground cell. For example... Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a widened satellite beam provided in one embodiment of this specification, where S is the satellite position, and beams 1, 2, and 3 are beams with radii or minor semi-axis of an ellipse of approximately 70 km. At the nadir point, the beam requires the most widening; at the maximum scan angle, considering the beam widening caused by the large scan angle and the elongation of the ground projection when the beam is angled, the beam only needs slight widening.

[0135] Step 308: The satellite enters the service area and determines the current coverage area.

[0136] Specifically, this involves using satellite location information and orbital parameters, combined with the Earth's geographic coordinate system, to calculate the ground area that the satellite beam can effectively cover. By comparing this with a preset service area, the system can accurately identify which ground locations are within the satellite's real-time communication range, thus providing a basis for subsequent beam scheduling and service.

[0137] Step 310: Based on the satellite coverage radius, divide the ground cells into clusters of 19 cells each, and the satellite can cover 14-16 clusters.

[0138] Specifically, 19 fixed ground cells are divided into a cluster (i.e., the aforementioned beam coverage area). At an orbital altitude of approximately 500 km and a beam angle of 60°, a single low-Earth orbit satellite has a ground coverage radius of approximately 1000 km, and can cover approximately 14-16 clusters. Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a satellite coverage area and a satellite scanning area provided in one embodiment of this specification. Each thickened large ring covers 19 cells, the circumference of the thickened small rings within the thickened large rings is 6 cells, the circumference of the thickened large rings is 12 cells, plus 1 central cell, for a total of 19 cells.

[0139] Step 312: Sixteen broadened beams cyclically cover the cells within the cluster, with each cell camped for 1ms. Co-frequency coverage of the target area is achieved through time-division multiplexing and spatial isolation.

[0140] Specifically, the low-Earth orbit satellites will use 16 beams for low-speed baseline coverage, each cyclically covering a cluster in a hopping beam manner. Assuming each beam stays in each cell for 1 ms, the 16 beams can complete a traversal of the coverage area of ​​a single satellite in a maximum of about 20 ms.

[0141] The planning of cells and clusters remains fixed relative to the ground. When a satellite flies by, if some cells within a cluster gradually move out of the satellite's coverage area, the beam stops serving that cell; if a new cluster gradually enters the satellite's coverage area, the satellite schedules a new beam, which is widened and hops to cover the cluster as designed.

[0142] It is worth noting that if the beams serving the two clusters traverse the cells within their respective clusters in the same order, a large isolation angle can always be maintained between the two beams. A large isolation angle helps to reduce mutual interference between beams.

[0143] Step 314: Monitor user requests in the low-speed baseline network. If the request is from a target user or a planned enhancement area, trigger high-quality beam scheduling.

[0144] Specifically, in high-speed communication enhancement networks, the system service cells still adopt a ground-based fixed cell design, but each cell is reduced to a radius of approximately 10km. Each low-speed baseline network cell may consist of 30 to nearly 50 smaller cells from the communication enhancement network (i.e., the aforementioned area to be enhanced). Approximately half of the beams used by low-Earth orbit satellites for the communication enhancement network are not beam-widened; when pointed at the nadir point, the beam coverage radius is approximately 12km, which can completely cover a small cell.

[0145] If the mobile phone direct connection system is initially used primarily to ensure full coverage, there will be relatively few users requiring high-speed two-way communication services. The communication enhancement network will be configured to operate in either on-demand planning or VIP user on-demand access modes. The former means that the operator-planned enhancement cells can support high-speed services; when low-orbit satellites fly by, the scheduling beam will not broaden, but will directly stare at or hop beams to serve that cell. The latter means that after a user accesses the system through the low-speed baseline network, the system will mark the enhancement cell (i.e., the aforementioned communication enhancement area) where the scheduling beam will stare at or hop beams to provide service.

[0146] Step 316: Focus the unexpansioned beam to cover a 10km radius area of ​​Level 3, providing high-quality service until the user leaves or the satellite moves out of the coverage area.

[0147] Specifically, once a satellite enters its service area and establishes its coverage, the unwidened beam will focus on a Level 3 area (i.e., a small cell with high service quality) with a radius of approximately 10 kilometers, providing high-quality communication services to users within this area. This focusing is achieved by maintaining a narrow beam angle and high intensity, ensuring optimal data transmission rates and service stability. The satellite continuously monitors user status, and as long as the user remains within this small coverage area and the satellite has not moved out of its coverage range, it will continue to provide this high-quality service. Once the user leaves this specific small coverage area or the satellite goes out of service range, the system will reassess and adjust beam resource allocation to adapt to the new situation. This mechanism ensures the best user experience in key areas while optimizing the utilization efficiency of satellite resources.

[0148] Corresponding to the above method embodiments, this specification also provides embodiments of satellite beam scheduling devices. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a satellite beam scheduling device provided in one embodiment of this specification. Figure 8 As shown, the device includes:

[0149] The determination module 802 is configured to determine the service area corresponding to the target satellite based on the location information of the target satellite;

[0150] The first scheduling module 804 is configured to schedule the first beam of the target satellite to provide communication services of the first quality level for the service area;

[0151] The second scheduling module 806 is configured to, upon detecting a communication request initiated by a first location in the service area, determine a first communication enhancement area covering the first location in the service area, and schedule the second beam of the target satellite to provide communication services of a second quality level to the first communication enhancement area, wherein the second quality level is higher than the first quality level.

[0152] Optionally, the first scheduling module 804 is further configured to determine a set number of beam coverage areas included in the service area based on the first area division information, wherein the first area division information is used to indicate the positional relationship between the service area and the beam coverage areas, and different beam coverage areas provide communication services of a first quality level through different first beams; determine a set number of first beams from the candidate beams of the target satellite; and schedule the set number of first beams respectively to provide communication services of the first quality level to the set number of beam coverage areas.

[0153] Optionally, the beam coverage area includes multiple beam scanning areas, where the beam scanning area is the area covered by the first beam in one scan during the switching process; correspondingly, the first scheduling module 804 is further configured to schedule idle target first beams, and sequentially switch to cover each beam scanning area in the target beam coverage area according to a preset traversal order and every first preset time period, wherein the target first beam is any idle beam among a set number of first beams, and the target beam coverage area is any one of the set number of beam coverage areas.

[0154] Optionally, the preset traversal order includes the relative movement distance and the relative movement direction; correspondingly, the first scheduling module 804 is further configured to schedule idle target first beams, and according to the relative movement distance and the relative movement direction, sequentially switch the scanning areas of each beam in the target beam coverage area at each first preset time interval.

[0155] Optionally, the first scheduling module 804 is further configured to, when the beam scanning range of the first beam is smaller than the beam scanning area, perform beam widening processing on the first beam based on the range of the beam scanning area to obtain a widened beam, wherein the beam scanning range of the widened beam is the same as the beam scanning area; schedule idle target widened beams, and sequentially switch the coverage of each beam scanning area in the target beam coverage area according to a preset traversal order and every first preset time period, wherein the target widened beam is the widened beam corresponding to the target first beam.

[0156] Optionally, the second scheduling module 806 is further configured to obtain second region division information, wherein the second region division information is used to indicate the correspondence between the service region and the communication enhancement region; and based on the second region division information, to determine the first communication enhancement region where the first location in the service region is hit.

[0157] Optionally, the second scheduling module 806 is further configured to determine multiple regions to be enhanced within the service area based on the beam scanning range of the second beam; and to generate second region division information based on the location information of the service area and the location information of the multiple regions to be enhanced.

[0158] Optionally, the second scheduling module 806 is further configured to determine a second beam other than the first beam from the candidate beams of the target satellite, wherein the area covered by the second beam in one scan matches the first communication enhancement area; and to schedule an idle target second beam to provide a second quality level of communication service for the first communication enhancement area, wherein the target second beam is any idle beam among the second beams.

[0159] Optionally, the second scheduling module 806 is further configured to, when a communication request is detected from a second location in the service area and there is no idle second beam on the target satellite, schedule the target second beam to switch to cover the first communication enhancement area and the second communication enhancement area every second preset time period, wherein the second communication enhancement area is the communication enhancement area in the service area that covers the second location.

[0160] Applied to this beam scheduling device, the determination module 802 accurately determines the corresponding service area based on the target satellite's location information, ensuring basic coverage. The first scheduling module 804 schedules the first beam of the target satellite to provide first-quality communication services to the entire service area, guaranteeing broad coverage. When a communication request is detected from a specific location, the second scheduling module 806 further identifies and focuses on the first communication enhancement area within the service area, and schedules the second beam of the target satellite to provide a higher quality of service to that area. Through this intelligent scheduling mechanism, the system not only achieves basic communication coverage over a large area but also provides higher-quality communication support for specific needs, thereby optimizing the allocation of satellite resources and service efficiency.

[0161] The above is a schematic scheme of a satellite beam scheduling device according to this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical solution of this satellite beam scheduling device and the technical solution of the satellite beam scheduling method described above belong to the same concept. For details not described in detail in the technical solution of the satellite beam scheduling device, please refer to the description of the technical solution of the satellite beam scheduling method described above.

[0162] Figure 9 A structural block diagram of a computing device 900 according to one embodiment of this specification is shown. The components of the computing device 900 include, but are not limited to, a memory 910 and a processor 920. The processor 920 is connected to the memory 910 via a bus 930, and a database 950 is used to store data.

[0163] The computing device 900 also includes an access device 940, which enables the computing device 900 to communicate via one or more networks 960. Examples of these networks include Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), Local Area Network (LAN), Wide Area Network (WAN), Personal Area Network (PAN), or combinations of communication networks such as the Internet. The access device 940 may include one or more of any type of wired or wireless network interface (e.g., a network interface card (NIC)), such as an IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) wireless interface, a Wi-MAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) interface, an Ethernet interface, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, a cellular network interface, a Bluetooth interface, or a Near Field Communication (NFC) interface.

[0164] In one embodiment of this specification, the above-described components of the computing device 900 and Figure 9 Other components, not shown, can also be connected to each other, for example, via a bus. It should be understood that... Figure 9 The block diagram of the computing device shown is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of this specification. Those skilled in the art can add or replace other components as needed.

[0165] The computing device 900 can be any type of stationary or mobile computing device, including mobile computers or mobile computing devices (e.g., tablet computers, personal digital assistants, laptop computers, notebook computers, netbooks, etc.), mobile phones (e.g., smartphones), wearable computing devices (e.g., smartwatches, smart glasses, etc.) or other types of mobile devices, or stationary computing devices such as desktop computers or personal computers (PCs). The computing device 900 can also be a mobile or stationary server.

[0166] The processor 920 is used to execute the following computer program / instruction, which, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the above-described satellite beam scheduling method.

[0167] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. In particular, the computing device embodiments are basically similar to the satellite beam scheduling method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the satellite beam scheduling method embodiments.

[0168] An embodiment of this specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program / instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the satellite beam scheduling method described above.

[0169] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the computer-readable storage medium embodiment is described simply because it is substantially similar to the satellite beam scheduling method embodiment; relevant parts can be referred to the description of the satellite beam scheduling method embodiment.

[0170] An embodiment of this specification also provides a computer program product, including a computer program / instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the above-described satellite beam scheduling method.

[0171] The above is an illustrative scheme of a computer program product according to this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical solution of this computer program product and the technical solution of the satellite beam scheduling method described above belong to the same concept. For details not described in detail in the technical solution of the computer program product, please refer to the description of the technical solution of the satellite beam scheduling method described above.

[0172] The foregoing has described specific embodiments of this specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than that shown in the embodiments and may still achieve the desired result. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific or sequential order shown to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are possible or may be advantageous.

[0173] The computer instructions include computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, executable file, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording media, USB flash drive, portable hard drive, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc. It should be noted that the content included in the computer-readable medium may be appropriately added or removed according to the requirements of patent practice. For example, in some regions, according to patent practice, computer-readable media may not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0174] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments in this specification are not limited to the described order of actions, because according to the embodiments in this specification, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in this specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the embodiments in this specification.

[0175] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

Claims

1. A satellite beam scheduling method, characterized in that, include: Based on the location information of the target satellite, the service area corresponding to the target satellite is determined, wherein the target satellite is a mobile phone direct connection low-orbit satellite, and the target satellite includes a second beam that is not widened and a first beam that is widened by the second beam; The first beam of the target satellite is scheduled to provide communication services of a first quality level to the service area. The service area includes a set number of beam coverage areas, each of which includes multiple beam scanning areas. Each beam scanning area in the target beam coverage area is covered by a broadened beam in a preset traversal order, and every first preset time period. The broadened beam is obtained by broadening the first beam based on the beam scanning areas. If a communication request is detected from a first location in the service area, a first communication enhancement area covering the first location is determined in the service area, and the second beam of the target satellite is scheduled to provide communication services of a second quality level to the first communication enhancement area, wherein the second quality level is higher than the first quality level, and the coverage of the second beam matches the first communication enhancement area.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first beam that schedules the target satellite to provide a first quality level of communication service to the service area includes: Based on the first area division information, the service area includes a set number of beam coverage areas, wherein the first area division information is used to indicate the positional relationship between the service area and the beam coverage areas, and different beam coverage areas provide communication services of a first quality level through different first beams. A predetermined number of first beams are determined from the candidate beams of the target satellite; The predetermined number of first beams are scheduled to provide communication services of the first quality level to the coverage areas of the predetermined number of beams.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The beam scanning area is the area covered by the first beam in one scan during the transition process; the step of scheduling the predetermined number of first beams to provide communication services of the first quality level to the predetermined number of beam coverage areas includes: The idle target first beam is scheduled and, according to a preset traversal order, sequentially jumps to cover each beam scanning area in the target beam coverage area every first preset time period. The target first beam is any idle beam among the preset number of first beams, and the target beam coverage area is any one of the preset number of beam coverage areas.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preset traversal order includes relative movement distance and relative movement direction; the scheduled idle target first beam, according to the preset traversal order and every first preset time period, sequentially jumps to cover each beam scanning area in the target beam coverage area, including: The idle target first beam is scheduled to sequentially switch the coverage area of ​​each beam scanning area in the target beam coverage area according to the relative movement distance and relative movement direction, every first preset time period.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Before the scheduled idle target first beam, according to a preset traversal order and at every first preset time interval, sequentially jumps to cover each beam scanning area in the target beam coverage area, the process further includes: When the beam scanning range of the first beam is smaller than the beam scanning area, the first beam is broadened based on the range of the beam scanning area to obtain a broadened beam, wherein the beam scanning range of the broadened beam is the same as the beam scanning area. Accordingly, the idle target first beam, according to a preset traversal order and every first preset time interval, sequentially switches between the beam scanning areas within the target beam coverage area, including: The idle target broadening beam is scheduled and, according to a preset traversal order, sequentially jumps to cover each beam scanning area in the target beam coverage area every first preset time period, wherein the target broadening beam is the broadening beam corresponding to the target first beam.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the first communication enhancement area covering the first location within the service area includes: Obtain second area division information, wherein the second area division information is used to indicate the correspondence between the service area and the communication enhancement area; Based on the second region division information, the first communication enhancement region that the first location in the service region is hit is determined.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the second region division information includes: Based on the beam scanning range of the second beam, a plurality of regions to be enhanced are determined, including the service area. Based on the location information of the service area and the location information of the multiple areas to be enhanced, the second area division information is generated.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second beam that is scheduled to target the satellite provides a second quality level of communication service to the first communication enhancement area, including: A second beam, other than the first beam, is determined from the candidate beams of the target satellite, wherein the area covered by the second beam in one scan matches the first communication enhancement area; The idle target second beam is scheduled to provide communication services of the second quality level to the first communication enhancement area, wherein the target second beam is any idle beam among the second beams.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: If a communication request is detected from a second location in the service area and the target satellite does not have an idle second beam, the target second beam is scheduled to switch coverage to cover the first communication enhancement area and the second communication enhancement area every second preset time period, wherein the second communication enhancement area is the communication enhancement area in the service area that covers the second location.

10. A satellite beam scheduling device, characterized in that, include: The determination module is configured to determine the service area corresponding to the target satellite based on the location information of the target satellite, wherein the target satellite is a mobile phone direct connection low-orbit satellite, and the target satellite includes a second beam that is not broadened and a first beam obtained by broadening the second beam; The first scheduling module is configured to schedule the first beam of the target satellite to provide a first quality level of communication service to the service area. The service area includes a set number of beam coverage areas, each beam coverage area includes multiple beam scanning areas, and each beam scanning area in the target beam coverage area is covered by a broadened beam in a preset traversal order, with each beam scanning area being covered sequentially at a first preset time interval. The broadened beam is obtained by broadening the first beam based on the beam scanning areas. The second scheduling module is configured to, upon detecting a communication request initiated by a first location in the service area, determine a first communication enhancement area covering the first location in the service area, and schedule the second beam of the target satellite to provide communication services of a second quality level to the first communication enhancement area, wherein the second quality level is higher than the first quality level, and the coverage area of ​​the second beam matches the first communication enhancement area.

11. A computing device, characterized in that, include: Memory and processor; The memory is used to store computer programs / instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer programs / instructions, which, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the satellite beam scheduling method according to any one of claims 1-9.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a computer program / instruction that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the satellite beam scheduling method according to any one of claims 1-9.

13. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a computer program / instruction that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the satellite beam scheduling method according to any one of claims 1-9.

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