An electronic cigarette data transmission method, an electronic cigarette device and a storage medium

Abstract

The application is suitable for the technical field of communication, and provides an electronic cigarette data transmission method, an electronic cigarette device and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: collecting substitute smoking operation data according to a preset period, wherein the substitute smoking operation data comprises a smoke amount per second and a continuous use state flag; using a preset compression rule to compress the substitute smoking operation data to a preset byte; encapsulating the compressed substitute smoking operation data, the electronic cigarette device identifier and the data collection timestamp into a fixed format data packet, wherein the length of the entire data packet is a preset size; and finally sending the encapsulated data packet to a data receiving device in a short connection mode through a narrowband Internet of Things communication module. Through the characteristics of the substitute smoking operation data of the electronic cigarette and the transmission limitation of the narrowband Internet of Things, a special data compression and encapsulation scheme is adopted, so that the technical problem of insufficient data transmission efficiency of the electronic cigarette device with ultra-low power consumption under the limitation of limited bandwidth is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to an electronic cigarette data transmission method, an electronic cigarette device and a storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] The electronic cigarette is an electronic product simulating a cigarette. As a new emerging smoke-substituting and health-substituting product, the electronic cigarette has formed various operation modes depending on user behavior data in the market. The existing electronic cigarette usually adopts a Bluetooth wireless communication technology, periodically collects data including user use frequency, single puff duration, real-time smoke output dose and device remaining power, and uploads the data to a user mobile terminal or a remote cloud service platform through Bluetooth connection. However, the Bluetooth communication needs to maintain a continuous connection state and has a large protocol overhead, resulting in a significant increase in power consumption of the electronic cigarette device, which seriously restricts the endurance of the device. At the same time, due to the non-optimality of the Bluetooth transmission rate and the data packaging method, the efficiency is low when transmitting a large amount of fine-grained sampling data (such as second-level smoke quantity change), and it is difficult to meet the low-delay and high-frequency data reporting requirements. In addition, the traditional transmission scheme lacks a special compression mechanism for low-bandwidth environments, and cannot realize complete and efficient uploading of use data under limited communication resources, thereby limiting the application effect in remote monitoring, real-time analysis and other scenarios. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a low-bandwidth and efficient data transmission scheme for ultra-low-power electronic cigarette devices to solve the prominent problem of insufficient data transmission efficiency of the existing technology under the constraints of power consumption and bandwidth. SUMMARY

[0003] The electronic cigarette data transmission method, the electronic cigarette device and the storage medium provided by the embodiments of the application solve the technical problem of insufficient data transmission efficiency of the ultra-low-power electronic cigarette device under the limited bandwidth by adopting a special data compression and packaging scheme according to the characteristics of the smoke-substituting operation data of the electronic cigarette and the transmission limit of the narrowband Internet of Things.

[0004] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the application provide an electronic cigarette data transmission method, comprising:

[0005] Collecting smoke-substituting operation data according to a preset period, wherein the smoke-substituting operation data includes smoke quantity per second and a continuous use state flag;

[0006] Compressing the smoke-substituting operation data to a preset byte by using a preset compression rule;

[0007] Packaging the compressed smoke-substituting operation data, the electronic cigarette device identifier and the data collection timestamp into a fixed format data packet together, wherein the entire data packet length is a preset size;

[0008] Sending the packaged data packet to a data receiving device in a short connection mode through a narrowband Internet of Things communication module.

[0009] In an embodiment, the compressing the vaping operation data to the preset byte size according to the preset compression rule comprises:

[0010] modulating the amount of smoke per second by differential pulse coding to obtain a difference signal;

[0011] encoding the continuous use state flag by run-length to obtain a run-length encoded signal;

[0012] entropy encoding the difference signal and the run-length encoded signal to obtain the encoded data of the preset byte.

[0013] In an embodiment, the modulating the amount of smoke per second by differential pulse coding to obtain a difference signal comprises:

[0014] recording the absolute amount of smoke of the initial second, and storing only the difference between the current amount of smoke and the amount of smoke of the previous second for each subsequent second;

[0015] establishing a dynamic mapping relationship between the difference range and the number of encoding bits based on the change characteristics of the amount of smoke of the electronic cigarette;

[0016] dynamically quantizing the difference based on the dynamic mapping relationship to obtain the difference signal.

[0017] In an embodiment, the establishing a dynamic mapping relationship between the difference range and the number of encoding bits comprises:

[0018] when the continuous multiple differences are zero, automatically reducing the number of encoding bits to a first bit threshold, the first bit threshold representing a zero difference;

[0019] when a sudden increase in the difference is detected, automatically switching the number of encoding bits to a second bit threshold, the second bit threshold being greater than the first bit threshold; dynamically adjusting the second bit threshold according to the change in the difference within a preset time period to adapt to different difference ranges.

[0020] In an embodiment, the encoding the continuous use state flag by run-length to obtain a run-length encoded signal comprises:

[0021] compressing the continuous same use state flag into a data pair of a state value and a duration;

[0022] allocating an encoding byte to the duration in each data pair according to a pre-established probability distribution model of the duration of the use state;

[0023] encoding the state value in each data pair based on the encoding byte to obtain a run-length encoded value of each use state flag.

[0024] In an embodiment, the entropy encoding of the difference signal and the run-length encoded signal to obtain the preset bytes of encoded data comprises:

[0025] The entropy encoding of the difference signal and the run-length encoded signal to obtain the preset bytes of encoded data is based on a pre-constructed Huffman code table for the difference signal and the run-length encoded signal.

[0026] In an embodiment, the encapsulation of the compressed vaping operation data, the electronic cigarette device identifier, and the data collection timestamp into a fixed format data packet comprises:

[0027] The fixed header structure of the fixed format data packet is initialized, and a synchronization header, a protocol version, a data packet sequence number, an electronic cigarette device identifier, and a data collection timestamp are sequentially written in a predefined field order and offset address, and a data payload area is reserved in the fixed header structure.

[0028] The compressed vaping operation data is written into the reserved data payload area, and the actual number of bytes of the effective payload currently written is recorded in the data payload area.

[0029] The remaining space between the currently used space of the fixed format data packet and the target fixed space is calculated, the remaining space is completely filled with a specific padding value, and the overall length of the fixed format data packet is ensured to reach the predetermined fixed number of bytes.

[0030] The packet sequence number, the data collection timestamp, and the bytes of the data payload area are extracted as input data, a preset shared root key is combined, a dynamic verification code of a preset byte length is generated through a lightweight encryption algorithm, the generated verification code is written into a specified position at the tail of the fixed format data packet, and a fixed format data packet of a preset size is obtained.

[0031] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic cigarette data transmission device, comprising:

[0032] The collection module is configured to collect vaping operation data according to a preset period, and the vaping operation data comprises a smoke amount per second and a continuous use state flag.

[0033] The compression module is configured to compress the vaping operation data to a preset byte using a preset compression rule.

[0034] The encapsulation module is configured to encapsulate the compressed vaping operation data, an electronic cigarette device identifier, and a data collection timestamp into a fixed format data packet, and the entire data packet length is a preset size.

[0035] The sending module is configured to send the encapsulated data packet to a data receiving device in a short connection mode through a narrowband Internet of Things communication module.

[0036] In an embodiment, the compression module comprises:

[0037] The modulation unit is configured to modulate the smoke amount per second using differential pulse coding to obtain a difference signal.

[0038] The first encoding unit is configured to encode the continuous use state flag using a run to obtain a run encoding signal.

[0039] The second encoding unit is configured to entropy encode the difference signal and the run encoding signal to obtain the encoding data of the preset byte.

[0040] In an embodiment, the modulation unit comprises:

[0041] The storage subunit is configured to record the absolute smoke amount value of an initial second, and only store the difference between the current smoke amount and the smoke amount of the previous second for subsequent seconds.

[0042] The establishment subunit is configured to establish a dynamic mapping relationship between a difference range and an encoding bit number based on the change characteristics of the electronic cigarette smoke amount.

[0043] The quantization subunit is configured to dynamically quantize the difference based on the dynamic mapping relationship to obtain the difference signal.

[0044] In an embodiment, the establishment subunit is specifically configured to:

[0045] When a plurality of consecutive differences are zero, the encoding bit number is automatically reduced to a first bit threshold value, and the first bit threshold value represents a zero difference; when a sudden increase in the difference is detected, the encoding bit number is automatically switched to a second bit threshold value, and the second bit threshold value is greater than the first bit threshold value; and the second bit threshold value is dynamically adjusted according to the difference change within a preset time length to adapt to different difference ranges.

[0046] In an embodiment, the first encoding unit comprises:

[0047] The first compression subunit is configured to compress the same use state flags in succession into a data pair of a state value and a duration.

[0048] The division subunit is configured to allocate an encoding byte to the duration in each data pair according to a probability distribution model of the use state duration established in advance.

[0049] The second compression subunit is configured to encode the state values in each data pair based on the encoding byte to obtain the run encoding value of each use state flag.

[0050] In an embodiment, the second encoding unit is specifically configured to:

[0051] perform entropy encoding on the difference signal and the run-length encoded signal based on a pre-constructed Huffman code table for the difference signal and the run-length encoded signal, to obtain the encoded data of the preset bytes.

[0052] In an embodiment, the packaging module comprises:

[0053] a writing unit configured to initialize a fixed header structure of the fixed format data packet, and sequentially write a synchronization header, a protocol version, a data packet sequence number, an electronic cigarette device identifier, and a data acquisition timestamp according to a predefined field order and offset address, and reserve a data payload area in the fixed header structure;

[0054] a recording unit configured to write the compressed vaping operation data into the reserved data payload area, and record an actual number of bytes of the current written payload in the data payload area;

[0055] a padding unit configured to calculate a remaining space between a currently used space of the fixed format data packet and a target fixed space, and completely pad the remaining space with a specific padding value, to ensure that an overall length of the fixed format data packet reaches a predetermined fixed number of bytes;

[0056] a generating unit configured to extract the packet sequence number, the data acquisition timestamp, and bytes of the data payload area as input data, combine a preconfigured shared root key, generate a dynamic verification code of a preset byte length through a lightweight encryption algorithm, and write the generated verification code into a specified position at a tail of the fixed format data packet, to obtain the fixed format data packet of the preset size.

[0057] In a third aspect, an electronic cigarette device is provided, which comprises a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the steps of the electronic cigarette data transmission method according to the first aspect when executing the computer program.

[0058] In a fourth aspect, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program, and the computer program implements the steps of the electronic cigarette data transmission method according to the first aspect when executed by a processor.

[0059] The electronic cigarette data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises the following steps: collecting the substitute smoking operation data according to a preset period, wherein the substitute smoking operation data comprises the amount of smoke per second and a continuous use state flag; compressing the substitute smoking operation data to a preset byte by using a preset compression rule; encapsulating the compressed substitute smoking operation data, the electronic cigarette device identifier and the data collection timestamp into a fixed format data packet, wherein the length of the entire data packet is a preset size; and sending the encapsulated data packet to a data receiving device in a short connection mode through a narrowband Internet of Things communication module. By using the special data compression and encapsulation scheme according to the characteristics of the substitute smoking operation data of the electronic cigarette and the transmission limit of the narrowband Internet of Things, the technical problem of insufficient data transmission efficiency of the electronic cigarette device under the limited bandwidth is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0060] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0061] Figure 1 The schematic flow chart of the electronic cigarette data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0062] Figure 2 The specific implementation flowchart of S102 in the embodiment is shown in the figure. Figure 1

[0063] The specific implementation flowchart of S103 in the embodiment is shown in the figure. Figure 3 Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the electronic cigarette device provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0064] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the electronic cigarette device provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0065] DETAILED DESCRIPTION Figure 5 In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures, techniques, etc. are presented in order to thoroughly understand the embodiments of the present application. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present application can also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits and methods are omitted to avoid unnecessary details that hinder the description of the present application.

[0066] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures, techniques, etc. are presented in order to thoroughly understand the embodiments of the present application. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present application can also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits and methods are omitted to avoid unnecessary details that hinder the description of the present application.

[0067] ​It should be understood that the word “comprise” or variations such as “comprises” or “comprising”, when used in this specification and in the accompanying claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0068] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” when used in this specification and in the following claims is to be interpreted as “one or the other or both” and / or “any combination of the items in the list.

[0069] As used in this specification and in the claims, the terms “if” and “when” can be interpreted to mean “upon” or “in response to a determination” or “in response to a detection” depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase “if it is determined” or “if [a described condition or event] is detected” can be interpreted to mean “upon a determination” or “in response to a determination” or “upon detecting [a described condition or event]” or “in response to detecting [a described condition or event]”, depending on the context.

[0070] In addition, in the description of the application in the specification and the appended claims, the terms “first”, “second”, “third”, etc. are used only to distinguish descriptions, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0071] Reference in the specification to “one embodiment” or “some embodiments” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the application. Thus, the appearance of the phrases “in one embodiment”, “in some embodiments”, “in other embodiments”, “in additional embodiments”, etc. in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, unless otherwise specifically noted. The terms “comprise”, “include”, “have” and their conjugates mean “including but not limited to”, unless otherwise specifically noted.

[0072] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 The schematic flowchart of the electronic cigarette data transmission method provided by an embodiment of the application is shown in the figure. In this embodiment, the execution subject of the electronic cigarette data transmission method is an electronic cigarette device with a narrowband Internet of Things communication module. As shown in the figure, the electronic cigarette data transmission method can include: Figure 1

[0073] S101: Collecting smoking substitute operation data according to a preset period, wherein the smoking substitute operation data includes the amount of smoke per second and the continuous use state flag.

[0074] ​The microcontroller (MCU) built-in the electronic cigarette device reads the output value of the smoke sensor through its analog-to-digital converter (ADC) pin at a preset period, such as once per second (1 Hz sampling rate). The output value is an 8-bit unsigned integer between a preset interval, such as 0-255, representing the current smoke amount per second (also known as smoke concentration, unit: mg / m³). At the same time, the MCU determines the current usage state according to the collected smoke amount and records the usage state flag. For example, if the collected smoke amount is greater than a preset activation threshold (e.g., 10), the continuous usage state flag is determined to be 1 (indicating that it is being smoked), otherwise it is determined to be 0 (indicating that it is not being used or paused).

[0075] All collected raw data (such as 300 smoke amount values and 300 state flags) are temporarily stored in the device's memory, waiting for compression processing.

[0076] S102: The vaping operation data is compressed to a preset byte using a preset compression rule.

[0077] In this embodiment, the step of compressing the vaping operation data includes a three-stage serial encoding architecture. Specifically, first, the smoke amount per second is adaptively differential pulse coded based on a dynamic quantization table, and the bit encoding is intelligently switched according to the difference value change pattern. This is because the smoke amount per second is continuous and numerical data, with strong time correlation (adjacent second data values are usually close). Directly recording the absolute smoke amount value per second (such as 50, 52, 55, 51... etc.) requires a large number of bits and has a lot of redundancy (adjacent data difference is very small). Through adaptive differential pulse coding, the original value is not stored, only the difference between the current value and the previous value is stored. These difference values are usually very small numbers, and the difference value range is much smaller than the original absolute value range. This allows subsequent encoding with fewer bits.

[0078] Second, the usage state flag is non-uniform run-length encoded based on probability statistics, and the bit encoding length is allocated according to the frequency of occurrence. This is because the continuous usage state flag is discrete and enumerated data (such as 0 representing not in use and 1 representing in use), which does not change frequently but has a lot of repeated data. For example, once the user starts smoking, the state may be 1 (normal smoking) for hundreds of seconds. Directly storing it will be 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,..., which is extremely wasteful of space. Through non-uniform run-length encoding, the same state value that appears continuously and repeatedly is compressed into a (state value, continuous duration) data pair (such as (1, 300) representing 300 seconds of continuous normal smoking), with a very high compression ratio, making it very suitable for this application scenario.

[0079] Finally, the intermediate symbol sequence is entropy coded using a pre-trained static Huffman code table to generate a highly compressed bit stream, so that the sampling data of a preset time length, such as 5 minutes, is compressed to within a preset byte, such as 300 bytes. Since the data after bit encoding and entropy encoding, the probability of the occurrence of some symbols is much higher than that of other symbols, for example, the probability of the occurrence of the bit-encoded difference value "0" (indicating no change in the amount of smoke) is very high, and the probability of the occurrence of the output duration after entropy encoding, such as 2 seconds or 10 seconds, is also relatively high. Therefore, it is necessary to assign short code words to symbols with high frequency of occurrence and long code words to symbols with low frequency of occurrence through the Huffman code table, so as to reduce the average length of the overall data. It is the last optimization of the output results of the first two levels of coding from the perspective of "probability statistics", which approaches the theoretical limit of data compression. The above three compression steps are in a progressive and interdependent relationship. The three-layer compression architecture cannot be changed in order. Different compression tools are selected for different characteristics of the data (continuous numerical value / discrete state) to improve the compression efficiency. Each level of coding eliminates the redundancy at different levels (temporal redundancy, data redundancy, and probability statistical redundancy). The compression effect of the three levels of coding is much better than that of any single compression effect. The ultimate goal is to compress the data to a minimum, so that transmission through a narrowband, bit-based Internet of Things becomes economical, low-power, and efficient.

[0080] Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 2 , Figure 2 for Figure 1 the specific implementation process of S102. As can be seen from Figure 2 , in the embodiment, S102 includes:

[0081] S1021: modulating the amount of smoke per second using differential pulse coding to obtain a difference value signal.

[0082] In an embodiment, modulating the amount of smoke per second using differential pulse coding to obtain a difference value signal includes: recording the absolute amount of smoke of the initial second, and storing only the difference between the current amount of smoke and the amount of smoke of the previous second for each subsequent second; establishing a dynamic mapping relationship between the difference value range and the number of encoding bits based on the change characteristics of the amount of smoke of the electronic cigarette; and dynamically quantizing the difference value based on the dynamic mapping relationship to obtain a difference value signal.

[0083] Specifically, for the amount of smoke of the initial second, such as the first second, assuming that V1, it can be recorded in the form of 1 byte (such as 8 bits). For each subsequent second, for example, starting from the t-th second (t from 2 to 300), the difference between the amount of smoke and the amount of smoke of the previous second is calculated respectively Δt = V t - V t-1After calculating the difference of the smoke amount between each second after the initial second and the previous second, the change characteristic of the electronic cigarette smoke amount is determined according to the size of the difference, such as a zero-value high-efficiency mode, a normal fluctuation mode, or a severe fluctuation mode. According to the change characteristic of the electronic cigarette smoke amount, a dynamic mapping relationship between the difference range and the number of coding bits is established.

[0084] Exemplarily, the dynamic mapping relationship between the difference range and the number of coding bits is established, including: when the continuous multiple differences are zero, the number of coding bits is automatically reduced to a first bit threshold value, the first bit threshold value representing a zero difference; when a sudden increase in the difference is detected, the number of coding bits is automatically switched to a second bit threshold value, the second bit threshold value being greater than the first bit threshold value; and the second bit threshold value is dynamically adjusted according to the difference change within a preset time length to adapt to different difference ranges.

[0085] For example, if the absolute values of the continuous preset number, such as 5, of the differences Δt are all 0, it is determined that the change characteristic of the electronic cigarette smoke amount is a zero-value high-efficiency mode, that is, the difference range corresponding to the zero-value high-efficiency mode is 0, and at this time, the number of coding bits is automatically reduced to a first bit threshold value. Specifically, the first bit threshold value is 1 bit, that is, the electronic cigarette smoke amount with a difference of 0 is encoded using 1 bit (the encoding process is only used to represent whether the difference is 0).

[0086] If the absolute value of a single difference is suddenly increased to a preset value, such as |Δt|>15, it is determined that the change characteristic of the electronic cigarette smoke amount is a severe fluctuation mode, the difference corresponding to the severe fluctuation mode will suddenly increase, and at this time, the number of coding bits is immediately switched to a second bit threshold value, such as 4 bits, which accurately represents a larger difference change.

[0087] If the difference is greater than 0 and less than a preset value, it is determined that the change characteristic of the electronic cigarette smoke amount is a normal fluctuation mode, and in this mode, the second bit threshold value is dynamically adjusted according to the statistical characteristics (such as variance, maximum value, etc.) of the difference within a preset time length to adapt to different difference ranges. For example, 2 bits of coding are used by default (which can represent -2, -1, 0, 1, 2); if the fluctuation range of the difference increases recently, 3 bits of coding can be adaptively adjusted to cover a larger dynamic range. Finally, each difference Δt is quantized and encoded according to the number of coding bits determined by the above dynamic mapping relationship to obtain a final difference signal.

[0088] S1022: The run length is encoded using a run length to obtain a run length encoding signal.

[0089] In an embodiment, the run is encoded for the continuous use state flag to obtain a run encoding signal, including: compressing the continuous same use state flag into a data pair of a state value and a continuous duration; assigning a coding byte for the continuous duration in each data pair according to a pre-established probability distribution model of the use state duration; and encoding the state value in each data pair based on the coding byte to obtain the run encoding signal of each use state flag.

[0090] Specifically, the continuous duration is also called the run duration, and the run duration corresponds to the length of the run encoding signal. Assuming that 300 state flag sequences are scanned, the continuous same use state flag is compressed into a data pair of a state value and a run duration. For example, a sequence of continuous use state flags is represented as [1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1], and the sequence is compressed into (1, 4), (0, 2), and (1, 2) data pairs, where (1, 4) indicates that the state value of the continuous 4 state flags in the state flag sequence is 1, and the corresponding run encoding signal is 4, that is, the run length is 4; (0, 2) indicates that the state value of the continuous state flags in the state flag sequence is 0, and the corresponding run encoding signal is 2, that is, the run length is 2; and (1, 2) indicates that the state value of the continuous state flags in the state flag sequence is 1, and the corresponding run encoding signal is 2, that is, the run length is 2.

[0091] The pre-established probability distribution model of the use state duration is a probability distribution model of the use state duration established based on a large amount of user behavior statistical data. Based on the probability distribution model, a non-uniform length coding byte is assigned for the continuous duration (that is, the run encoding signal) in each data pair. For example, if 1 ≤ L ≤ 3, 2 bits are assigned for coding (which can represent a length of 1-4). If 4 ≤ L ≤ 15, 4 bits are assigned for coding. If 16 ≤ L ≤ 255, 8 bits (1 byte) are assigned for coding. The state value (0 or 1) usually only needs 1 bit. Wherein, L represents the continuous duration, that is, the run encoding signal. The state value in each data pair is encoded based on the assigned coding byte to obtain the run encoding signal of each use state flag.

[0092] S1023: Entropy encoding the difference value signal and the run encoding signal to obtain the coding data of the preset byte.

[0093] The entropy encoding of the difference value signal and the run encoding signal to obtain the coding data of the preset byte includes: entropy encoding the difference value signal and the run encoding signal based on a pre-constructed Huffman code table for the difference value signal and the run encoding signal to obtain the coding data of the preset byte.

[0094] The difference signal and the run-length encoding signal are regarded as a new symbol sequence. A pre-trained and fixed static Huffman code table in the electronic cigarette device is used to encode the sequence. The Huffman code table is based on more than 100,000 sets of electronic cigarette use data training. The symbols with high occurrence probability (e.g. difference value is 0, run-length encoding signal is 2) are assigned the shortest code word; the symbols with low occurrence probability (e.g. difference value is large, run is long) are assigned longer code words. By querying the Huffman code table, each difference signal and run-length encoding signal is replaced by the corresponding variable-length Huffman code word, and a highly compressed, compact bit stream is finally generated. The bit stream is the final preset byte encoding data, and the length is compressed to within the preset byte, such as 300 bytes.

[0095] S103: The compressed alternative smoking operation data is encapsulated into a fixed format data packet together with the electronic cigarette device identifier and the data collection timestamp, and the entire data packet length is a preset size.

[0096] Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 3 , Figure 3 , Figure 1 the specific implementation process of S103 is shown in the figure. As can be seen from Figure 3 , S103 includes:

[0097] S1031: Initialize the fixed header structure of the fixed format data packet, and write the synchronization header, protocol version, data packet sequence number, electronic cigarette device identifier and data collection timestamp in turn according to the pre-defined field order and offset address, and reserve the data payload area in the fixed header structure.

[0098] Exemplarily, the microcontroller writes, according to a predefined offset address and field length, a synchronization header, for example, 0xEC 0x1A (which is used to quickly identify the start of a data packet at the receiving end and helps with byte alignment. The combination of 0xEC (Electronic Cigarette) and 0x1A (start of message) can effectively reduce the probability of collision with random data), a protocol version, for example, 0x01 (which is used to identify the version number of the communication protocol, providing compatibility support for future protocol upgrades), a data packet sequence number (which is a counter that automatically increments by 1 after each transmission. It is used to detect whether the data packet is lost or out of order, which is the key to realizing reliable transmission), an electronic cigarette device identifier, for example, Device ID (which is used to uniquely identify the data source of the receiving device, realizing device-level data isolation and management), and a data collection timestamp, for example, represented by 5 bytes (which stores the precise time at the beginning of the data period in a compact format, for example, the first 4 bytes are the number of seconds since UTC time on January 1, 2020, 0 hours, and the last 1 byte is a millisecond / 4 value of 0-255, which balances precision and space efficiency through 5 bytes of representation), and the like, into the starting position of the buffer area. After writing the above-mentioned fixed header, a continuous space (for example, starting from the 17th byte of the offset address) is reserved next to the header in the buffer area for storing the compressed data. At the same time, 2 bytes (for example, at the 15th byte of the offset address) are left empty in the fixed header structure as the data payload length field.

[0099] S1032: Write the compressed simulated smoking operation data into the reserved data payload area, and record the actual number of bytes of the effective payload currently written in the data payload area.

[0100] The compressed simulated smoking operation data (specifically, a bit stream) is written into the memory buffer area from the starting address of the reserved data payload area. Then, the actual number of bytes of the compressed data just written (for example, L = 300 bytes) is calculated, and this length value L is written into the reserved data payload length field (for example, 2 bytes) in big-endian or little-endian (according to the protocol specification). This enables the receiving device to accurately parse the variable-length payload, which is the key to the self-description of the protocol.

[0101] S1033: Calculate the remaining space between the currently used space of the fixed format data packet and the target fixed space, and completely fill the remaining space with a specific padding value, to ensure that the overall length of the fixed format data packet reaches the predetermined fixed number of bytes.

[0102] Specifically, the currently used space of the data packet is calculated, and the calculation formula can be represented as: used space = fixed header size + payload length L. For example, if the fixed header occupies 16 bytes and the payload data occupies 300 bytes, the used space is 316 bytes.

[0103] The remaining space can be represented as: remaining space = target total length (512 bytes) - used space (316 bytes) = 196 bytes. The 196 bytes of remaining space is completely filled with a predefined specific padding value (such as 0xFF) to ensure that the overall length of the data packet is strictly equal to the preset size, for example, 512 bytes.

[0104] The fixed-length data packet design optimizes the transmission performance of the narrowband IoT communication module. The electronic cigarette device can schedule and optimize the fixed-length data packet to improve transmission efficiency. The receiving device does not need to dynamically allocate memory, simplifies the analysis process, and enhances the processing reliability and system stability.

[0105] S1034: Extract the packet sequence number, data collection timestamp, and bytes in the data payload area as input data, combine the preset shared root key, generate a dynamic verification code of a preset byte length through a lightweight encryption algorithm, write the generated verification code to a specified position at the end of the fixed format data packet, and obtain a fixed format data packet of a preset size.

[0106] First, extract the packet sequence number (such as 2 bytes), data collection timestamp (such as 5 bytes), and all contents of the data payload area (such as L bytes), and concatenate them in order as a continuous message data block. The synchronization header and protocol version number fields are not involved in the verification calculation because they may be modified by the communication gateway during transmission.

[0107] Subsequently, using the shared root key preset in the electronic cigarette device and the server side, a lightweight encryption algorithm (such as the message authentication code part of Chacha20-Poly1305 or AES-CMAC) is used to operate on the message data block to generate a 4-byte length dynamic verification code.

[0108] The verification code is dynamic and strongly related. Its calculation result is closely bound to the sequence number, collection time, and payload content of the current data packet, which can effectively resist data tampering and replay attacks (Replay Attack), and the security is significantly higher than that of the conventional cyclic redundancy check (CRC).

[0109] Finally, the generated 4-byte dynamic verification code is written to a predetermined position (such as offset addresses 0x01FC to 0x01FF) at the end of the data packet, thereby completing the packaging of the fixed format data packet with a preset size such as 512 bytes.

[0110] The packaging process realizes the efficient integration of compressed data, device identification, time information, and security credentials through binary protocol customization, fixed length control, and dynamic security verification mechanism, and fully adapts to the low power, narrow bandwidth, and high reliable transmission application scenarios of narrowband IoT communication.

[0111] S104: sending the packaged data packet to a data receiving device in a short connection mode through the narrowband Internet of Things communication module.

[0112] The narrowband Internet of Things communication module is a special hardware (chip or module) with a built-in technology protocol stack supporting narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT). It has the characteristics of occupying very little spectrum resource (about 180 kHz), low cost, strong signal penetration ability, wide coverage, and can reach places with weak signals such as basements and remote areas. Therefore, when it is applied to an electronic cigarette device, it can ensure that the user can reliably complete identity verification, location reporting and other operations in different geographical and network environments, and protect the availability of the device. The short connection mode means that a communication connection (link) is established each time data needs to be sent, and the connection is immediately disconnected after the data is sent.

[0113] Specifically, the narrowband Internet of Things communication module in the sleep state is woken up, and the assembled byte data packet is sent out through the Internet of Things narrowband communication module. After receiving the confirmation of the receiving device or waiting for timeout, the narrowband Internet of Things communication module is immediately set to the sleep mode with the lowest power consumption until the next period comes. This way greatly reduces power consumption, prolongs device battery life, and avoids long-term occupation of channel resources.

[0114] Through the above analysis, it can be seen that the electronic cigarette data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the application collects the substitute smoking operation data according to the preset period, wherein the substitute smoking operation data includes the amount of smoke per second and the continuous use state flag; then the substitute smoking operation data is compressed to a preset byte using a preset compression rule; the compressed substitute smoking operation data, the electronic cigarette device identifier and the data collection timestamp are packaged into a fixed format data packet together, wherein the entire data packet length is a preset size; finally, the packaged data packet is sent to a data receiving device in a short connection mode through a narrowband Internet of Things communication module. By analyzing the characteristics of the substitute smoking operation data of the electronic cigarette and the transmission limit of the narrowband Internet of Things, a special data compression and packaging scheme is adopted to solve the technical problem of insufficient data transmission efficiency of the electronic cigarette device with ultra-low power consumption under the limitation of limited bandwidth.

[0115] It should be understood that the size of the serial number of each step in the above embodiment does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined according to its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiment of the application.

[0116] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the electronic cigarette device provided by an embodiment of the application. Each module included is used to execute Figure 1 each step in the corresponding embodiment. For details, please refer to Figure 1The relevant description in the corresponding embodiment. For ease of illustration, only the part related to the present embodiment is shown. For details, refer to Figure 4 The electronic cigarette device 40 comprises:

[0117] The acquisition module 401 is configured to acquire the alternative smoking operation data according to a preset period, wherein the alternative smoking operation data comprises a smoke amount per second and a continuous use state flag.

[0118] The compression module 402 is configured to compress the alternative smoking operation data to a preset byte by using a preset compression rule.

[0119] The packaging module 403 is configured to package the compressed alternative smoking operation data, the electronic cigarette device identifier and the data acquisition timestamp into a fixed format data packet, wherein the entire data packet length is a preset size.

[0120] The sending module 404 is configured to send the packaged data packet to a data receiving device in a short connection mode through a narrowband Internet of Things communication module.

[0121] In an embodiment, the compression module 402 comprises:

[0122] The modulation unit is configured to modulate the smoke amount per second by using differential pulse coding to obtain a difference signal.

[0123] The first encoding unit is configured to encode the continuous use state flag by using a run to obtain a run encoding signal.

[0124] The second encoding unit is configured to entropy encode the difference signal and the run encoding signal to obtain the preset byte of encoded data.

[0125] In an embodiment, the modulation unit comprises:

[0126] The storage subunit is configured to record the absolute smoke amount value of the initial second, and only store the difference value between the current smoke amount and the smoke amount of the previous second for each subsequent second.

[0127] The establishment subunit is configured to establish a dynamic mapping relationship between the difference value range and the number of encoding bits based on the change characteristics of the electronic cigarette smoke amount.

[0128] The quantization subunit is configured to dynamically quantize the difference value based on the dynamic mapping relationship to obtain the difference signal.

[0129] In an embodiment, the establishment subunit is specifically configured to:

[0130] When the continuous multiple difference values are zero, the encoding bit number is automatically reduced to a first bit threshold value, the first bit threshold value representing zero difference value; when a sudden increase in difference value is detected, the encoding bit number is automatically switched to a second bit threshold value, the second bit threshold value being greater than the first bit threshold value; and the second bit threshold value is dynamically adjusted according to the difference value change in a preset time length to adapt to different difference value ranges.

[0131] In an embodiment, the first encoding unit comprises:

[0132] A first compression sub-unit is configured to compress the continuous same use state flags into data pairs of state values and duration lengths;

[0133] A division sub-unit is configured to allocate encoding bytes to the duration lengths in each data pair according to a pre-established probability distribution model of use state duration lengths;

[0134] A second compression sub-unit is configured to respectively encode the state values in each data pair based on the encoding bytes to obtain the run-length encoding values of the use state flags.

[0135] In an embodiment, the second encoding unit is specifically configured to:

[0136] The difference value signal and the run-length encoding signal are entropy encoded based on a pre-constructed Huffman code table for the difference value signal and the run-length encoding signal to obtain the encoding data of the preset bytes.

[0137] In an embodiment, the packaging module 403 comprises:

[0138] A writing unit is configured to initialize a fixed header structure of the fixed format data packet, sequentially write a synchronization header, a protocol version, a data packet sequence number, an electronic cigarette device identifier and a data acquisition timestamp according to a predefined field order and offset address, and reserve a data payload area in the fixed header structure;

[0139] A recording unit is configured to write the compressed alternative smoking operation data into the reserved data payload area and record an actual byte number of the currently written effective payload in the data payload area;

[0140] A padding unit is configured to calculate a remaining space between a currently used space of the fixed format data packet and a target fixed space, completely pad the remaining space with a specific padding value, and ensure that the overall length of the fixed format data packet reaches a predetermined fixed byte number.

[0141] The generating unit is configured to extract the package serial number, the data collection timestamp, and bytes of the data payload area as input data, combine a preset shared root key, generate a dynamic verification code with a preset byte length by using a lightweight encryption algorithm, write the generated verification code to a specified position at the end of the fixed-format data packet, and obtain a fixed-format data packet with a preset size.

[0142] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown in a schematic diagram. As shown in Figure 5 The electronic cigarette device 50 includes a processor 500, a memory 501, and a computer program 502 stored in the memory 501 and executable on the processor 500, such as an electronic cigarette data transmission program. The processor 500 implements the steps in each of the electronic cigarette data transmission method embodiments described above when executing the computer program 502, such as steps S101 to S104 shown in Figure 1 Alternatively, the processor 500 implements the functions of each module / unit in the above-described device embodiments when executing the computer program 502, such as the functions of the acquisition module 401 to the sending module 404 shown in Figure 4

[0143] For example, the computer program 502 can be divided into one or more modules / units, one or more modules / units are stored in the memory 501 and executed by the processor 500 to complete the present application. One or more modules / units can be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of completing a specific function, which are used to describe the execution process of the computer program 502 in the electronic cigarette device 50. For example, the computer program 502 can be divided into an acquisition module, a compression module, an encapsulation module, and a sending module, and the specific functions of each module are as follows:

[0144] The acquisition module is configured to acquire the alternative smoking operation data according to a preset period, and the alternative smoking operation data includes the amount of smoke per second and a continuous use state flag.

[0145] The compression module is configured to compress the alternative smoking operation data to a preset byte using a preset compression rule.

[0146] The encapsulation module is configured to encapsulate the compressed alternative smoking operation data, the electronic cigarette device identifier, and the data collection timestamp into a fixed-format data packet, and the entire data packet length is a preset size.

[0147] The sending module is configured to send the encapsulated data packet to a data receiving device in a short connection mode through a narrowband Internet of Things communication module.

[0148] The electronic cigarette device can include, but is not limited to, the processor 500 and the memory 501. Those skilled in the art can understand that​Figure 5 The electronic cigarette device 50 is merely an example and does not constitute a limitation on the electronic cigarette device 50, and can include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or different components, for example, the electronic cigarette device 50 can also include an input / output device, a network access device, a bus, etc.

[0149] The processor 500 can be a central processing unit (CPU), and can also be other general-purpose processors, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor.

[0150] The memory 501 can be an internal storage unit of the electronic cigarette device 50, for example, a hard disk or a memory of the electronic cigarette device 50. The memory 501 can also be an external storage device of the electronic cigarette device 50, for example, a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, etc. Further, the electronic cigarette device 50 can also include both the internal storage unit and the external storage device of the electronic cigarette device 50. The memory 501 is used to store computer programs and other programs and data required by the electronic cigarette device 50. The memory 501 can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0151] It should be noted that the information interaction, execution process, etc. between the above apparatuses / units, since based on the same concept as the method embodiments of the present application, the specific functions and the brought technical effects can be referred to the method embodiments part, and will not be repeated here.

[0152] The embodiments of the present application also provide a network device, which comprises at least one processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the at least one processor, and the processor implements the steps in any of the above method embodiments when executing the computer program.

[0153] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps in the above-mentioned various method embodiments.

[0154] The embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product. When the computer program product is run on a mobile terminal, the mobile terminal is caused to execute the steps in the above-mentioned various method embodiments.

[0155] The integrated unit, if realized in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the present application can implement all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments by a computer program to instruct related hardware to complete, and the computer program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps in the above-mentioned various method embodiments. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files or some intermediate forms. The computer readable medium at least includes any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code to a photographing device / terminal equipment, a recording medium, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunications signal and a software distribution medium. For example, a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. In some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, the computer readable medium cannot be an electrical carrier signal and a telecommunications signal.

[0156] In the above-mentioned embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. The parts not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0157] Those skilled in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are realized in hardware or software mode depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. The skilled person can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0158] In the embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus / network device and method can be implemented in other manners. For example, the embodiments of the apparatus / network device described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the modules or units is merely logical function division, and there can be another division manner in actual implementation. For example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections between the units can be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be electrical, mechanical or in other forms.

[0159] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separate, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, i.e., can be located in one place, or can be distributed on a plurality of network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments.

[0160] The above-described embodiments are merely used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not limit the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalent replacements; and these modifications or replacements do not make the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting data in electronic cigarettes, characterized in that, The method includes: Data on cigarette replacement operations are collected according to a preset cycle. The data on cigarette replacement operations includes the amount of smoke per second and a continuous use status indicator. The data of the cigarette substitution operation is compressed to a preset number of bytes using a preset compression rule; the compression of the data of the cigarette substitution operation to a preset number of bytes using a preset compression rule includes: The amount of smoke per second is modulated using differential pulse coding to obtain a difference signal; The continuous use status flag is encoded using run-length encoding to obtain a run-length encoded signal; Entropy encoding is performed on the difference signal and the run-length encoded signal to obtain the encoded data of the preset bytes; The compressed tobacco substitution operation data, together with the electronic cigarette device identifier and data collection timestamp, are encapsulated into a fixed-format data packet, wherein the length of the entire data packet is a preset size; The encapsulated data packet is sent to the data receiving device via a narrowband IoT communication module using a short connection.

2. The electronic cigarette data transmission method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of modulating the amount of smoke per second using differential pulse coding to obtain a difference signal includes: Record the absolute smoke volume value for the first second, and then store only the difference between the current smoke volume and the smoke volume of the previous second for each subsequent second; Based on the variation characteristics of e-cigarette vapor volume, a dynamic mapping relationship between the difference range and the number of encoded bits is established; Based on the dynamic mapping relationship, the difference is dynamically quantized to obtain the difference signal.

3. The electronic cigarette data transmission method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The establishment of a dynamic mapping relationship between the difference range and the number of encoded bits includes: When multiple consecutive differences are zero, the number of encoded bits is automatically reduced to a first bit threshold, which represents a zero difference. When a sudden increase in the difference is detected, the number of encoded bits is automatically switched to the second bit threshold, which is greater than the first bit threshold. The second bit threshold is dynamically adjusted according to the change in the difference within a preset time period to adapt to different difference ranges.

4. The electronic cigarette data transmission method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of encoding the continuous use status flag using run-length encoding to obtain a run-length encoded signal includes: Compress consecutive identical usage status flags into data pairs of status values ​​and durations; Based on a pre-established probability distribution model of usage duration, coded bytes are assigned to the duration of each data pair. Based on the encoded bytes, the state values ​​in each data pair are encoded to obtain the run-length encoded values ​​of each state flag.

5. The electronic cigarette data transmission method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of entropy encoding the difference signal and the run-length encoded signal to obtain the encoded data of the preset bytes includes: Based on a pre-constructed Huffman code table for the difference signal and the run-length encoded signal, entropy encoding is performed on the difference signal and the run-length encoded signal to obtain the encoded data of the preset bytes.

6. The electronic cigarette data transmission method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of encapsulating the compressed tobacco substitution operation data, along with the electronic cigarette device identifier and data collection timestamp, into a fixed-format data packet includes: Initialize the fixed header structure of the fixed format data packet, and write the synchronization header, protocol version, data packet sequence number, electronic cigarette device identifier and data collection timestamp in sequence according to the predefined field order and offset address, and reserve a data payload area in the fixed header structure; The compressed tobacco substitution operation data is written into the reserved data payload area, and the actual number of bytes of the currently written effective payload is recorded in the data payload area; Calculate the remaining space between the currently used space of the fixed-format data packet and the target fixed space, and fill the remaining space completely with a specific padding value to ensure that the overall length of the fixed-format data packet reaches the predetermined fixed number of bytes; Extract the packet sequence number, the data acquisition timestamp, and the bytes of the data payload area as input data. Combine them with a preset shared root key and generate a dynamic verification code of a preset byte length using a lightweight encryption algorithm. Write the generated verification code to a specified position at the end of a fixed-format data packet to obtain a fixed-format data packet of a preset size.

7. An electronic cigarette device, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to collect smoking cessation operation data according to a preset cycle. The smoking cessation operation data includes the amount of smoke per second and a continuous use status flag. The compression module is used to compress the cigarette substitution operation data to a preset number of bytes using a preset compression rule; The step of compressing the smoking cessation operation data to a preset byte size using a preset compression rule includes: The amount of smoke per second is modulated using differential pulse coding to obtain a difference signal; The continuous use status flag is encoded using run-length encoding to obtain a run-length encoded signal; Entropy encoding is performed on the difference signal and the run-length encoded signal to obtain the encoded data of the preset bytes; The encapsulation module is used to encapsulate the compressed cigarette replacement operation data together with the electronic cigarette device identifier and data collection timestamp into a fixed format data packet, wherein the length of the entire data packet is a preset size; The sending module is used to send the encapsulated data packet to the data receiving device via a narrowband IoT communication module in a short connection manner.

8. An electronic cigarette device, the device comprising: A processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the electronic cigarette data transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the electronic cigarette data transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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