A coastal saline-alkali soil wheat mulching film uncovering device and a matching mulching film uncovering method

Abstract

The present application provides a coastal saline-alkali soil wheat mulching film uncovering device and a matching mulching film uncovering method, and belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil wheat planting. The uncovering device comprises a vehicle body composed of a vehicle frame, wheels and the like, a recovery wheel for winding the mulching film is rotatably connected to the vehicle frame, a support frame is further connected to the inner side of the support frame, a winding roller for recovering the soil removal pulling belt is arranged on the support frame, and the winding roller and the support frame are arranged in an outward inclination; further comprising an extrusion soil discharge box connected below the vehicle frame and located between the winding roller and the wheels, an earth inlet and an earth discharge opening are respectively arranged in front of and behind the extrusion soil discharge box, and an inwardly inclined guide plate is connected to the outside of the earth discharge opening. The soil removal pulling belt is pulled up in an inclined manner by the rotation of the winding roller, the soil above the soil removal pulling belt is further brought out to the extrusion soil discharge box, and is discharged from the extrusion soil discharge box to the mulching film groove, at this time, the soil above the mulching film can reach a state of no soil body burying, and it can be completely and conveniently recovered by the recovery wheel, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of mulching film breaking during recovery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wheat cultivation technology in saline-alkali land, and particularly to a film removal device and a matching film removal method for wheat mulch in coastal saline-alkali land. Background Technology

[0002] Coastal saline-alkali land, as an important reserve of arable land in my country, generally suffers from high salt content, weak water and fertilizer retention capacity, and poor topsoil structure, which seriously restricts the high-quality and high-yield production of grain crops such as wheat. To improve planting conditions in coastal saline-alkali land, agricultural production widely adopts mulching technology. Through the physical barrier effect of the mulch film, soil moisture evaporation is reduced, salt accumulation on the surface is inhibited, and soil temperature is increased while maintaining soil looseness. This creates a suitable microenvironment for wheat seed germination and seedling growth, significantly improving the emergence rate and stress resistance of wheat in coastal saline-alkali land.

[0003] In the existing mulch removal process, the mulch film needs to be removed promptly in the later stages of wheat growth to avoid residual film leaving in the soil and causing white pollution, while also preventing the mulch film from hindering wheat root respiration and subsequent cultivation. Currently, the mainstream mulch film removal methods are mainly divided into two categories: manual removal and mechanical removal. Manual removal is less efficient, and the working environment in coastal saline-alkali fields is harsh, with high labor costs and high work intensity, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale planting. Existing mechanical mulch film removal equipment has obvious adaptability defects. The mulch film embedded in the soil will stick tightly to the soil. When directly rolling it up, the traction force of the winding mechanism must overcome both the tensile resistance of the mulch film itself and the adhesion resistance of the soil to the mulch film, which may cause the mulch film to break during the recycling process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, this invention proposes a film-removing device and a matching film-laying and removing method for wheat mulch in coastal saline-alkali land.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention to solve the technical problem is as follows: A device for removing wheat mulch film in coastal saline-alkali land is proposed, comprising a vehicle body, a frame, support rods connected to both sides of the frame, wheels connected below the support rods, and a recovery wheel for winding up the mulch film, the recovery wheel being rotatably connected to the frame; a support frame, symmetrically connected to the inner side of the frame and located in front of the recovery wheel, a drive motor connected below the support frame, the output shaft of the drive motor freely passing through the support frame and connected to a winding roller, the support frame and the winding roller being arranged at an outward inclination; and a soil extrusion box connected below the frame, located between the winding roller and the wheels, the soil extrusion box having a soil inlet and a soil outlet at the front and rear respectively, the outer side of the soil outlet being connected to an inward inclination, L-shaped or C-shaped guide plate.

[0006] Preferably, the soil extrusion box has a groove inside, and several sets of rotating rollers are arranged in the groove. A driven gear is connected to one of the rotating rollers, and a conveyor belt is connected to the rotating roller. The upper end surface of the conveyor belt is flush with the bottom surface of the soil extrusion box. A traveling wheel is arranged on the outside of the soil extrusion box. A rotating shaft is connected to the center of the traveling wheel. The rotating shaft passes through the soil extrusion box and is connected to a driving gear. The driving gear meshes with the driven gear to drive the conveyor belt to move.

[0007] Preferably, the frame is connected to axle seats on both sides, a rotatable rotating rod is connected to the inner side of the axle seat, a turntable is connected to the inner side of the rotating rod, and the inner sides of the two turntables are detachably connected to the two sides of the recovery wheel, with one rotating rod passing through the axle seat and extending to the outer side of the axle seat; the frame is also equipped with a rotating motor, and the output shaft of the rotating motor is connected to the rotating rod that passes through and extends to the outer side of the axle seat.

[0008] Preferably, the recovery wheel includes two support plates, which are connected to a central shaft. One support plate has several sets of support rods hinged to its inner side. The sets of support rods are arranged in a circumferential array on the outer side of the central shaft at intervals. The other end of each support rod is detachably connected to the inner side of the other support plate.

[0009] Preferably, the inner side of the support plate has a stepped insertion hole, and the other end of the support rod has a threaded hole, which is inserted into the insertion hole accordingly; it also includes a bolt, which passes through the stepped hole and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

[0010] Preferably, the inner side of the frame is connected to two ear plates, which are located between the recycling wheel and the support frame. A rotatable roller brush is connected to the bottom of the two ear plates, and a housing is connected to the top of the two ear plates. Several sets of springs are connected to the bottom of the housing, and a brush plate is connected to the bottom of the springs. A cleaning slit is formed between the brush plate and the roller brush for the mulch film to pass through.

[0011] Preferably, the frame is hinged with a scraper, which is located between the recovery wheel and the support frame. The scraper has a "U" shaped structure, and a tension spring connects the scraper and the bottom of the vehicle body.

[0012] Preferably, the support frame has an inverted "L" shape, and the upper part of the support frame is detachably connected to the frame; the winding roller is detachably connected to a limiting plate on the side away from the support frame.

[0013] This invention also proposes a method for removing wheat mulch film in coastal saline-alkali land, using any one of the above-mentioned wheat mulch film removal devices, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1, before sowing, apply a large amount of water to suppress salt, and after the soil moisture is suitable, apply fertilizer, plow and level the soil.

[0015] S2, select salt-tolerant wheat varieties for sowing, open mulching trenches on both sides of the sowing row, place both sides of the mulch film in the mulching trench, and put the soil removal strip tightly above the mulch film placed in the mulching trench. Then, bury the mulch film and soil removal strip in the mulching trench by backfilling and compacting.

[0016] S3. After mulching, remove the mulch film according to the wheat's growth needs;

[0017] During the removal process, the initial ends of the plastic film and the soil removal strap are pre-wound onto the recovery wheel and the take-up roller. As the vehicle moves forward, the two sets of take-up rollers at the front rotate to first recycle the soil removal strap. During the recycling process, the soil removal strap is inclined, which can bring the soil out to the outside and into the soil extrusion box. At this time, there is no soil covering the plastic film, and it can be completely recycled as the recovery wheel rotates. As the vehicle continues to move forward, the soil continuously entering the soil extrusion box is squeezed and moved backward, and finally discharged along the guide plate into the mulch trench behind, filling the mulch trench formed after recycling.

[0018] S4. After removing the plastic film, the wheat is irrigated in spring and topdressed with fertilizer, and then enters the conventional wheat cultivation stage.

[0019] Preferably, after removing the plastic film, the recycling wheel is first removed from between the two turntables of the vehicle frame; then the support plate with the insertion hole is removed from one side of the central shaft. Since the support plate is a key component for constraining the support rod, after it is removed, the groups of support rods that were originally hinged to the other support plate lose their insertion hole limit. At this time, the support rod is moved to hinge and fold inward, so that a gap is formed between the recycled plastic film roll and the support rod; finally, the plastic film roll is pushed out completely along the direction of the support rod to complete the plastic film recycling.

[0020] Compared with existing technologies, the above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. In this invention, during the film-unwrapping stage, the device uses a winding roller to first pull up the soil-removing strap at an angle. During this pulling process, the soil above the strip is carried out and discharged into the side-mounted soil extrusion box. As the winding roller rotates, the strip is retrieved. The inclined guide prevents soil from falling back onto the film surface, clearing obstacles for subsequent complete film retrieval. At this point, the film is free of soil covering it, allowing for easy and complete retrieval by the recovery wheel, effectively preventing breakage during the retrieval process.

[0022] 2. In this invention, the soil is brought into the extrusion box by the soil removal strap, and the soil is backfilled into the mulching trench by the guidance of the extrusion box, so that the recovered area is restored to its original state, avoiding secondary field operations and facilitating subsequent cultivation stage operations.

[0023] 3. In this invention, the recycling wheel and the frame are detachably connected. When the mulch film is fully collected, the recycling wheel is removed from the frame in advance, and then the support plate far from the hinge point is removed. Several support rods lose their fixed constraints and can be folded inward. The inner ring of the mulch film roll will naturally loosen due to the loss of support and slide off the folded support rods, thus achieving quick disassembly of the mulch film without pulling it. It can be operated by a single person, reducing the possibility of damage to the mulch film roll. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the mulch film removal device in this invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a front view of the plastic film removal device in this invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a half-sectional view of the plastic film removal device in this invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a top view of the plastic film removal device in this invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mulch film removal device without mulch film and soil removal straps in this invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connection between the recovery wheel and the frame in this invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the soil extrusion box in this invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a top view of the internal structure of the soil extrusion box in this paper (the dotted lines represent the internal structure).

[0033] Explanation of markings in the diagram:

[0034] a. Mulch film; b. Soil removal strip;

[0035] 1. Car body; 101. Car frame; 102. Wheel; 103. Axle mount;

[0036] 2. Recycling wheel; 21. Support plate; 22. Central shaft; 23. Support rod; 24. Insertion hole;

[0037] 3. Soil extrusion box; 31. Soil inlet; 32. Soil outlet; 33. Groove; 34. Rotating roller; 35. Driven gear; 36. Conveyor belt; 37. Traveling wheel; 38. Drive gear;

[0038] 4. Support frame; 5. Drive motor; 6. Take-up roller; 7. Guide plate; 8. Rotating rod; 9. Turntable; 10. Rotating motor; 11. Brush cylinder; 12. Housing; 13. Spring; 14. Brush plate; 15. Scraper rod; 16. Tension spring; 17. Limiting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0040] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., which indicate directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is merely for ease of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0041] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 8As shown in the figure, this embodiment proposes a device for removing wheat mulch film in coastal saline-alkali land. It includes a vehicle body 1, which includes a frame 101. Support rods are connected to both sides of the frame 101. The support rods extend downward and are connected to wheels 102. A recovery wheel 2 is rotatably connected to the frame 101. The recovery wheel 2 is used to roll up the mulch film to be recovered. A support frame 4 is symmetrically connected to the inner side of the frame 101. The support frame 4 is located in front of the recovery wheel 2. A drive motor 5 is connected to one side below the support frame 4. The output shaft of the drive motor 5 freely passes through the support frame 4 and is connected to a recovery roller 11. This allows the winding roller 6 to be rotatably connected to the other side of the bottom of the support frame 4 for recovering the soil strip. The support frame 4 and the winding roller 6 are arranged at an outward inclination, which can keep the soil strip in an inclined state during the recovery process, bringing the soil above the soil strip to the outside and preventing this part of the soil from falling onto the mulch film.

[0044] It also includes a soil extrusion box 3, which is hollow inside and connected to the frame 101 below by a connecting rod. It is located between the take-up roller 6 and the wheel 102 and is used to support the soil pulled out by the soil removal belt of the frame 4. The soil extrusion box 3 has a soil inlet 31 and a soil outlet 32 ​​at the front and rear respectively. The soil outlet 32 ​​is connected to an inwardly inclined guide plate 7 in the shape of "L" or "U". As more soil enters the soil extrusion box 3, it pushes the soil located at the rear to be discharged from the outlet. Guided by the guide plate 7, the soil brought out is refilled into the covering trench.

[0045] During the film removal stage, this device first pulls up the soil-removing strap at an angle by rotating the winding roller 6. During this pulling process, the soil above the strip is carried out and discharged into the side soil extrusion box 3. As the winding roller 6 rotates, the strip is retrieved. The inclined guide prevents soil from falling back onto the film surface, clearing obstacles for subsequent complete film retrieval. At this point, the film is free of soil covering it, allowing for complete and convenient retrieval by the recovery wheel 2.

[0046] After the plastic film and soil removal straps are recovered, a mulching trench is formed. If it is not backfilled, it will cause unevenness in the field. To avoid affecting subsequent spring irrigation operations, the mulching trench is backfilled using the extrusion soil box 3. Specifically, as the vehicle 1 moves, the soil brought out by the soil removal straps enters the extrusion soil box 3 through the inlet 31. As the soil inside continues to fill, the soil located on the rear side is easily discharged through the outlet 32. Guided by the inwardly inclined guide plate 7, this part of the soil can be backfilled into the mulching trench, thereby achieving complete recovery of the plastic film and soil removal straps, restoring the recovered area to its original state, avoiding secondary field operations, and facilitating subsequent cultivation operations.

[0047] refer to Figure 7 or Figure 8In some embodiments, a groove 33 is formed at the bottom of the soil extrusion box 3, and several sets of rotatable rollers 34 are arranged in the groove 33. One of the rollers 34 is connected to a driven gear 35. A conveyor belt 36 is connected to all the rollers 34. The upper end surface of the conveyor belt 36 is flush with the bottom surface of the soil extrusion box 3, forming a complete transport bottom surface. A traveling wheel 37 is arranged on the outside of the soil extrusion box 3. A rotating shaft is connected to the center of the traveling wheel 37. The rotating shaft passes through the soil extrusion box 3 and is connected to a driving gear 38. The driving gear 38 meshes with the driven gear 35, thereby driving the conveyor belt 36 to move synchronously. In this design, the soil extrusion box 3 is further optimized. Considering that soil can be extruded by self-squeezing, although it can achieve backfilling of the mulch trench, there may be problems such as jamming and interruption of soil extrusion due to soil accumulation. The design uses gear transmission to drive one of the rollers 34 to rotate, thereby driving the conveyor belt 36 to form a continuously moving transport surface. After the soil enters the extrusion box 3, it can fall onto the conveyor belt 36 and be transported by the conveyor belt 36. This avoids the soil from accumulating in the extrusion box 3 due to its own weight or adhesion, and realizes that the soil is discharged as it enters, which greatly eliminates problems such as soil blockage.

[0048] Furthermore, the traditional conveyor belt 36, relying on additional drive equipment, can be fully integrated into the usage scenario. The traveling wheel 37 rotates by friction with the soil, transmitting power to one of the rotating rollers 34, thereby driving the conveyor belt 36. This design allows the transport speed of the conveyor belt 36 to be synchronized with the travel speed of the vehicle body 1, effectively avoiding problems such as insufficient or excessive soil filling in the mulch trench due to a mismatch between the speed of the conveyor belt 36 and the travel speed of the vehicle body 1.

[0049] refer to Figure 6 In some embodiments, the frame 101 has axle seats 103 connected to both sides, and a rotatable rotating rod 8 is connected to the inner side of the axle seat 103. A turntable 9 is connected to the inner side of the rotating rod 8, and the inner sides of the two turntables 9 are detachably connected to both sides of the recycling wheel 2. Specifically, the turntable has several holes arranged in a circular array, and threaded holes are provided on both sides of the recycling wheel 2. Bolts are threaded through the holes on the turntables 9 and connected to the threaded holes in the recycling wheel 2, thus achieving a detachable connection between the two turntables 9 and the recycling wheel 2, facilitating the collection and removal of the recycled film rolls. One rotating rod 8 extends through and to the outside of the axle seat 103. A rotating motor 10 is also provided on the frame 101, and the output shaft of the rotating motor 10 is connected to the rotating rod 8 extending through and to the outside of the axle seat 103. Specifically, pulleys are connected to the output shaft rod 8 of the rotating motor 10, and a transmission belt is connected between the two pulleys. A tensioning wheel can be optionally set inside the transmission belt to realize the rotation of the recycling wheel 2 and completely recycle the mulch film.

[0050] Further reference Figure 6In some embodiments, the recovery wheel 2 includes two support plates 21, and a central shaft 22 is connected between the two support plates 21. Several sets of support rods 23 are hinged to the inner side of one support plate 21, and the several sets of support rods 23 are arranged in a circumferential array on the outer side of the central shaft 22. The other end of the support rod 23 is detachably connected to the other support plate 21 away from the hinge point.

[0051] Furthermore, a stepped insertion hole 24 is provided on the inner side of the support plate 21, and a threaded hole is provided on the other end of the support rod 23 away from the hinge point, which can be inserted into the insertion hole 24. A bolt is also included, which passes through the stepped hole and is threaded into the threaded hole to achieve a detachable connection of one of the support plates 21.

[0052] Traditional plastic film recycling wheels are mostly fixed rigid structures. After the plastic film is full, it is necessary to manually peel the plastic film rolls off the wheel, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to tearing due to pulling. With the recycling wheel 2 in this design, after the plastic film is full, the recycling wheel 2 is removed from the frame 101 in advance. Then, the support plate 21 away from the hinge point is removed. Several support rods 23 lose their fixed constraints and can be folded inward, which greatly reduces the overall diameter of the support rods 23. The plastic film rolls that were originally tightly wrapped around the outside of the support rods 23 will loosen naturally due to the loss of support and slide directly off the inward-folded support rods 23, thus realizing the rapid disassembly of the plastic film without pulling it. It can be operated by a single person, reducing the possibility of damage to the plastic film rolls.

[0053] refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, two ear plates are connected to the inner side of the frame 101, located between the recovery wheel 2 and the support frame 4. A roller brush cylinder 11 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the two ear plates via a rotating shaft. A housing 12 is connected to the top of the two ear plate supports, and several sets of springs 13 are connected to the bottom of the housing 12. A brush plate 14 is connected to the bottom of each spring 13, creating a cleaning seam between the brush plate 14 and the roller for the mulch film to pass through. The rotatable roller brush cylinder 11 can clean the area below the ground, brushing away soil particles and roots beneath the mulch film. When there is no bump, the upper brush plate 14 is pressed tightly against the mulch film, forming a coordinated action between the upper brush plate 14 and the lower roller brush cylinder 11, achieving clamping and scraping. When the vehicle body 1 experiences bumps during movement, the springs 13 extend and retract with the bumps, causing the brush plate 14 to vibrate synchronously. This vibration provides active assistance, causing a small vibration on the surface of the mulch film, further detaching loose soil particles, dead leaves, etc., from the film surface.

[0054] Continue to refer to Figure 3In some embodiments, a scraper 15 is hinged to the front side of the frame 101. The scraper 15 is located between the recovery wheel 2 and the support frame 4. The scraper 15 has a "U"-shaped structure, and a tension spring 16 is connected between the initial end of the scraper 15 and the bottom of the vehicle body 1. The design of the scraper 15 can perform preliminary cleaning of the mulch film, and at the same time, it can balance the tension on the mulch film, avoiding tension concentration that could lead to mulch film breakage.

[0055] In some embodiments, the support frame 4 has an inverted "L" shape. The upper part of the support frame 4 is detachably connected to the frame 101. This detachable design facilitates overall maintenance and allows for adjustment of the tilt angle. In this embodiment, bolts are preferred to achieve the detachability of the support frame 4. The winding roller 6 is detachably connected to a limiting disc 17 on the side away from the support frame 4. The limiting disc 17 is used to constrain the winding of the soil-removing belt, ensuring that it is retracted between the limiting disc 17 and the support frame 4, preventing issues such as misalignment. After the retraction is complete, the limiting disc 17 can be removed, and the soil-removing belt can be easily taken out from the winding roller 6.

[0056] This invention also proposes a method for removing wheat mulch film in coastal saline-alkali land, using any of the aforementioned wheat mulch film removal devices for coastal saline-alkali land, which includes the following steps:

[0057] S1. Before sowing, apply a large amount of water to press down the salt, ensuring that the water can penetrate evenly into the deep tillage layer of the soil, forming a shallow water layer of 3-5cm on the surface and maintaining it for 3-5 days. When the soil moisture is suitable (after pressing down the salt, wait until there is no visible water on the surface and the soil moisture content is close to "can be squeezed into a ball and crumbles lightly when dropped" before starting to prepare the land. At this time, the soil is sticky but not rotten, making it easy to cultivate), then apply fertilizer, plow and level the land.

[0058] S2, select salt-tolerant wheat varieties for sowing, open mulching trenches on both sides of the sowing row, place both sides of the mulch film in the mulching trench, and put the soil removal strip tightly above the mulch film placed in the mulching trench. Then, backfill and compact the mulch film and soil removal strip into the mulching trench with soil.

[0059] S3. After mulching, the mulch film needs to be removed according to the growth needs of wheat (about 120 days after sowing, usually around March, when wheat is in the greening to jointing stage, at which time the temperature rises and the area under the film is prone to high temperature and humidity).

[0060] During the removal process, the initial ends of the plastic film and the soil removal strap are pre-wound onto the recovery wheel 2 and the winding roller 6. As the vehicle 1 moves (driven by manual labor or additional mobile equipment), the two sets of winding rollers 6 at the front rotate to first wind up and recover the soil removal strap. During the recovery process, the soil removal strap is inclined, which can bring the soil out to the outside and into the soil extrusion box 3. At this time, there is no soil covering the plastic film, and it can be completely recovered as the recovery wheel 2 rotates. As the vehicle 1 continues to move, the soil continuously entering the soil extrusion box 3 is squeezed and moved backward, and finally discharged along the guide plate 7 into the mulch trench behind, filling the mulch trench formed after recovery.

[0061] S4. After removing the plastic film, the wheat is irrigated in spring and topdressed with fertilizer, and then enters the conventional wheat cultivation stage.

[0062] After removing the plastic film, first remove the recycling wheel 2 from between the two turntables 9 of the frame 101; then remove the support plate 21 with the insertion hole 24 from one side of the central shaft 22. Since the support plate 21 is a key component for constraining the support rod 23, after it is removed, the support rods 23 that were originally hinged to the other support plate 21 lose the limitation of the insertion hole 24. At this time, move the support rod 23 to hinge and fold inward, so that a gap can be formed between the recycled plastic film roll and the support rod 23; finally, push the plastic film roll out completely along the direction of the support rod 23 to complete the plastic film recycling.

[0063] Although the specific embodiments of the invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Based on the technical solutions of the invention, various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A device for removing wheat mulch film in coastal saline-alkali land, comprising a vehicle body (1), the vehicle body (1) comprising a frame (101), support rods connected to both sides of the frame (101), and wheels (102) connected below the support rods, characterized in that, It further includes: A recovery wheel (2) for winding up the mulch film, and the recovery wheel (2) is rotatably connected to the vehicle frame (101); A support frame (4) symmetrically connected to the inner side of the vehicle frame (101) and located on the front side of the recovery wheel (2). A drive motor (5) is connected below the support frame (4). The output shaft of the drive motor (5) freely penetrates through the support frame (4) and then is connected to a winding roller (6). The support frame (4) and the winding roller (6) are arranged obliquely outward. The winding roller (6) rotates to pull up the soil-removing belt obliquely, and the soil above the soil-removing belt can be taken out and discharged into the side extrusion soil box (3) during the pulling process; An extrusion soil box (3) connected to the lower part of the vehicle frame (101) and located between the winding roller (6) and the wheel (102). The front and rear of the extrusion soil box (3) are respectively provided with a soil inlet (31) and a soil outlet (32). An inwardly inclined guide plate (7) in the shape of "L" or "匚" is connected to the outside of the soil outlet (32).

2. The device for removing wheat mulch film in coastal saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, A groove (33) is provided in the extrusion soil box (3), and a plurality of groups of rotating rollers (34) are arranged in the groove (33). A driven gear (35) is connected to one of the rotating rollers (34). A conveyor belt (36) is connected to the rotating rollers (34). The upper end surface of the conveyor belt (36) is flush with the inner bottom surface of the extrusion soil box (3). A traveling wheel (37) is arranged outside the extrusion soil box (3). A rotating shaft is connected to the center of the traveling wheel (37). The rotating shaft penetrates through the extrusion soil box (3) and then is connected to a driving gear (38). The driving gear (38) meshes with the driven gear (35) to drive the conveyor belt (36) to move.

3. The device for removing wheat mulch film in coastal saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, Shaft seats (103) are respectively connected to both sides of the vehicle frame (101). A rotatable rotating rod (8) is connected to the inner side of the shaft seat (103). A turntable (9) is connected to the inner side of the rotating rod (8). The inner sides of the two turntables (9) are respectively detachably connected to both sides of the recovery wheel (2). One of the rotating rods (8) penetrates through the shaft seat (103) and extends to the outside of the shaft seat (103). A rotating motor (10) is further arranged on the vehicle frame (101). The output shaft of the rotating motor (10) is in transmission connection with the rotating rod (8) that penetrates through and extends to the outside of the shaft seat (103).

4. The device for removing wheat mulch film in coastal saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The recovery wheel (2) includes two support discs (21). A central shaft (22) is commonly connected between the two support discs (21). A plurality of groups of support rods (23) are hinged to the inner side of one of the support discs (21). The plurality of groups of support rods (23) are spaced and arranged in a circumferential array outside the central shaft (22). The other ends of the support rods (23) are detachably connected to the inner side of the other support disc (21).

5. A device for removing wheat mulch film in coastal saline-alkali land according to claim 4, characterized in that, A stepped jack hole (24) is provided in the inner side of the support disc (21). Threaded holes are provided inside the other ends of the support rods (23) and are correspondingly inserted into the jack holes (24). It further includes bolts. The bolts penetrate through the stepped holes and are threadedly connected to the threaded holes.

6. A device for removing wheat mulch film in coastal saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner side of the frame (101) is connected to two ear plates, which are located between the recycling wheel (2) and the support frame (4). A rotatable roller brush cylinder (11) is connected to the bottom of the two ear plates, and a housing (12) is connected to the top of the two ear plates. Several sets of springs (13) are connected to the bottom of the housing (12), and a brush plate (14) is connected to the bottom of the springs (13). A cleaning seam for the mulch film to pass through is formed between the brush plate (14) and the roller brush cylinder (11).

7. A device for removing wheat mulch film in coastal saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame (101) is hinged with a scraper (15), which is located between the recovery wheel (2) and the support frame (4). The scraper (15) has a "U" shaped structure, and a tension spring (16) is connected between the scraper (15) and the bottom of the vehicle body (1).

8. A device for removing wheat mulch film in coastal saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame (4) has an inverted "L" shape and is detachably connected to the frame (101) at the top; the winding roller (6) is detachably connected to the limiting plate (17) on the side away from the support frame (4).

9. A method for applying and removing plastic film from wheat mulch in coastal saline-alkali land, characterized in that, The device for removing wheat mulch film in coastal saline-alkali land according to any one of claims 1-8 includes the following steps: S1, before sowing, apply a large amount of water to suppress salt, and after the soil moisture is suitable, apply fertilizer, plow and level the soil. S2, select salt-tolerant wheat varieties for sowing, open mulching trenches on both sides of the sowing row, place both sides of the mulch film in the mulching trench, and put the soil removal strip tightly above the mulch film placed in the mulching trench. Then, bury the mulch film and soil removal strip in the mulching trench by backfilling and compacting. S3. After mulching, remove the mulch film according to the wheat's growth needs; During the removal process, the initial ends of the plastic film and the soil removal strap are pre-wound onto the recovery wheel (2) and the winding roller (6). As the vehicle (1) moves forward, the two sets of winding rollers (6) on the front side rotate to first wind up and recover the soil removal strap. During the recovery process, the soil removal strap is inclined, which can bring the soil out to the outside and let it enter the soil extrusion box. At this time, there is no soil covering the plastic film, and it can be completely recovered as the recovery wheel (2) rotates. As the vehicle (1) continues to move forward, the soil continuously entering the soil extrusion box (3) is squeezed and moved backward, and finally discharged along the guide plate (7) into the mulch trench behind, filling the mulch trench formed after recovery. S4. After removing the plastic film, the wheat is irrigated in spring and topdressed with fertilizer, and then enters the conventional wheat cultivation stage.

10. A method for covering and removing wheat mulch film in coastal saline-alkali land according to claim 9, characterized in that, After removing the plastic film, first remove the recycling wheel (2) from between the two turntables (9) of the frame (101); then remove the support plate (21) with the insertion hole (24) from one side of the central shaft (22). Since the support plate (21) is a key component for constraining the support rod (23), after it is removed, the support rods (23) that were originally hinged to the other support plate (21) lose the limitation of the insertion hole (24). At this time, move the support rod (23) to hinge and fold inward, so that a gap can be formed between the recycled plastic film roll and the support rod (23); finally, push the plastic film roll out completely along the direction of the support rod (23) to complete the plastic film recycling.

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