Sub-micron single-point diamond lathe

Abstract

The application discloses a sub-micron single-point diamond lathe which comprises a lathe bed, a first horizontal moving assembly, a main shaft component, a second horizontal moving assembly, a tool rest component and a machine shell, the first horizontal moving assembly comprises a first base, a first servo motor and a first ball screw, the first base is arranged on the lathe bed, the first base is provided with the first servo motor and the first ball screw connected with the first servo motor, the main shaft component is arranged on the first ball screw and used for placing a workpiece to be processed, the second horizontal moving assembly comprises a second base, a second servo motor and a second ball screw, the second base is arranged on the lathe bed, the second base is provided with the second servo motor and the second ball screw connected with the second servo motor, the tool rest component is arranged on the second ball screw and used for processing the workpiece on a vacuum chuck, the machine shell is arranged on the lathe bed, and the machine shell is provided with an electrical cabinet, a cold air purification assembly, an oil mist tank and a constant temperature machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precision machining, and specifically to a submicron single-point diamond lathe. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of science and technology, the demand for various machine tools is increasing day by day, and the requirements for the precision of machine tools are also getting higher and higher.

[0003] In related technologies, most lathes currently use linear motors and guide rails, driven by the center of mass of the linear motor. They have low rigidity, require additional support structures to cope with lateral forces, are only suitable for light to medium loads, have high initial investment, and have high costs and technical barriers.

[0004] Meanwhile, in related technologies, the dynamic response matching between the guide rail, linear motor combination and the spindle in existing lathes is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a submicron single-point diamond lathe that combines high rigidity and low vibration.

[0006] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention propose a submicron single-point diamond lathe.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a submicron single-point diamond lathe includes a bed, a first horizontal movement assembly, a spindle assembly, a second horizontal movement assembly, a tool post assembly, and a housing. The first horizontal movement assembly includes a first base, a first servo motor, and a first ball screw. The first base is disposed on the bed, and the first servo motor and the first ball screw connected to the first servo motor are mounted on the first base. The spindle assembly is mounted on the first ball screw and has a vacuum chuck for placing a workpiece to be processed. The second horizontal movement assembly includes a second base, a second servo motor, and a second ball screw. The second base is disposed on the bed, and the second servo motor and the second ball screw connected to the second servo motor are mounted on the second base, with the extension directions of the second ball screw orthogonal to those of the first ball screw in a horizontal plane. The tool post assembly is mounted on the second ball screw and has a cutting tool for processing the workpiece on the vacuum chuck. The housing is mounted on the bed, and an electrical cabinet, a cold air purification assembly, an oil mist chamber, and a temperature control unit are disposed within the housing.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first horizontal moving assembly further includes a first slide, a first nut seat, a first lead screw nut, and a first coupling; the first servo motor is connected to the first ball screw via the first coupling, the first lead screw nut is mounted on the first ball screw, the first nut seat is mounted on the first lead screw nut, the first slide is mounted on the first nut seat, and the spindle component is disposed on the first slide.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first horizontal moving component further includes two first linear guides, which are arranged in parallel on both sides of the first ball screw, and the first slide can be connected to the first linear guides via a slider.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second horizontal moving assembly further includes a second slide, a second nut seat, a second lead screw nut, and a second coupling; the second servo motor is connected to the second ball screw via the second coupling, the second lead screw nut is mounted on the second ball screw, the second nut seat is mounted on the second lead screw nut, the second slide is mounted on the second nut seat, and the tool holder component is provided on the second slide.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second horizontal moving component further includes two second linear guides, which are arranged in parallel on both sides of the second ball screw, and the second slide can be connected to the second linear guides via a slider.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second horizontal moving assembly further includes a spring steel sheet, a lead screw nut connecting plate, and a lead screw nut bracket; the lead screw nut bracket is mounted above the second ball screw, the lead screw nut connecting plate is disposed inside the lead screw nut bracket, and the spring steel sheet is mounted on the lead screw nut connecting plate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the tool holder component includes a tool holder base, a tool holder column, a tool support, and a tool clamping block; the tool holder base is mounted on the second ball screw, the tool holder column is disposed on the tool holder base, the tool support is disposed in front of the tool holder column, and the tool is mounted on the tool support.

[0014] In some embodiments, the tool holder component further includes a tool holder slide plate, a pressure plate, an adjusting plate, and a tool holder adjusting bolt; a plug screw is inserted inside the tool holder column, the pressure plate is provided at the top of the tool holder column, the adjusting plate is provided on the pressure plate, the tool holder slide plate is provided in front of the tool holder column, the tool holder adjusting bolt is provided between the adjusting plate and the tool holder slide plate for adjusting the position of the tool holder slide plate, and the tool holder support is provided in front of the tool holder slide plate.

[0015] In some embodiments, the tool holder component further includes a tool pressing block and a pressure cap; the tool holder is provided with the tool pressing block, which is used to press the tool, and the pressure cap is provided on the tool pressing block.

[0016] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Other features and aspects of this disclosure will become clearer from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a submicron single-point diamond lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the first horizontal moving component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the second horizontal moving component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of a lead screw support according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the lead screw female support according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of a tool holder component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure label: Submicron single-point diamond lathe 100, bed 101.

[0025] The components include: a first horizontal moving assembly 10, a first base 11, a first servo motor 12, a first ball screw 13, a first slide 14, a first nut seat 15, a first screw nut 16, a first coupling 17, a first linear guide rail 18, a spindle assembly 20, and a vacuum chuck 21.

[0026] The components include: a second horizontal moving assembly 30, a second base 31, a second servo motor 32, a second ball screw 33, a second slide 34, a second nut seat 35, a second screw nut 36, a second coupling 37, a second linear guide rail 38, a spring steel sheet 53, a screw nut connecting plate 52, and a screw nut bracket 51.

[0027] Tool holder assembly 40, tool 41, tool holder base 42, tool holder column 43, tool holder support 44, tool pressure block 45, pressure cover 46, tool holder slide plate 47, pressure plate 48, adjustment plate 49, tool holder adjustment bolt 491. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments described below are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that, in order to solve the problems in the background technology and improve processing and production efficiency as well as processing and inspection accuracy, this invention aims to at least partially solve one of the aforementioned technical problems. Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to propose a submicron single-point diamond lathe, which can solve the defects of most existing ordinary lathes, such as insufficient accuracy, poor stability, and limited processing options.

[0030] like Figures 1-6 As shown, a submicron single-point diamond lathe 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a bed 101, a first horizontal movement assembly 10, a spindle assembly 20, a second horizontal movement assembly 30, a tool post assembly 40, and a housing (not shown).

[0031] The first horizontal moving assembly 10 includes a first base 11, a first servo motor 12, and a first ball screw 13. The first base 11 is mounted on the bed 101, and the first servo motor 12 and the first ball screw 13 connected to the first servo motor 12 are mounted on the first base 11. The spindle assembly 20 is mounted on the first ball screw 13, and the spindle assembly 20 has a vacuum chuck 21 for placing the workpiece to be processed.

[0032] The second horizontal moving component 30 includes a second base 31, a second servo motor 32, and a second ball screw 33. The second base 31 is mounted on the bed 101. The second servo motor 32 and the second ball screw 33 connected to the second servo motor 32 are mounted on the second base 31. The extension direction of the second ball screw 33 is orthogonal to that of the first ball screw 13 on the horizontal plane.

[0033] The tool post assembly 40 is mounted on the second ball screw 33, and has a cutting tool 41 for machining the workpiece on the vacuum chuck 21. The machine housing is mounted on the bed 101, and houses the electrical cabinet, cold air purification assembly, oil mist chamber, and temperature control unit.

[0034] It is understood that the present invention uses natural granite as the bed 101, which is manufactured through mechanical processing and hand grinding. Natural granite has the advantages of uniform texture, good stability, high strength, high hardness, and the ability to maintain high precision under heavy loads and normal temperatures. It also has the advantages of being rust-free, acid and alkali resistant, wear-resistant, non-magnetic, and non-deformable.

[0035] It should be noted that the spindle component 20 in this invention is an air static pressure spindle, which has the characteristics of high rotational accuracy and low friction coefficient, with a rotational accuracy of less than 0.1μm.

[0036] Preferably, the spindle assembly 20 is equipped with a built-in spindle motor and a high-precision position feedback encoder, eliminating transmission chain errors. This allows it to operate stably at high speeds and maintain good precision stability. Simultaneously, the vacuum chuck 21 ensures the installation and positioning accuracy of the workpiece, solving the technical problem of inflexible, convenient, and rapid clamping of disc-shaped parts of varying sizes.

[0037] In some embodiments, the first horizontal moving assembly 10 further includes a first slide 14, a first nut seat 15, a first lead screw nut 16, and a first coupling 17. The first servo motor 12 is connected to the first ball screw 13 via the first coupling 17. The first lead screw nut 16 is mounted on the first ball screw 13, the first nut seat 15 is mounted on the first lead screw nut 16, the first slide 14 is mounted on the first nut seat 15, and a spindle assembly 20 is provided on the first slide 14.

[0038] In some embodiments, the first horizontal moving component 10 further includes two first linear guides 18, which are arranged in parallel on both sides of the first ball screw 13, and the first slide 14 can be connected to the first linear guides 18 via a slider.

[0039] In some embodiments, the second horizontal moving assembly 30 further includes a second slide 34, a second nut seat 35, a second lead screw nut 36, and a second coupling 37. The second servo motor 32 is connected to the second ball screw 33 via the second coupling 37. The second lead screw nut 36 is mounted on the second ball screw 33, the second nut seat 35 is mounted on the second lead screw nut 36, the second slide 34 is mounted on the second nut seat 35, and a tool holder component 40 is provided on the second slide 34.

[0040] In some embodiments, the second horizontal moving component 30 further includes two second linear guides 38, which are arranged in parallel on both sides of the second ball screw 33, and the second slide 34 can be connected to the second linear guides 38 via a slider.

[0041] In some embodiments, the second horizontal moving assembly 30 further includes a spring steel sheet 53, a lead screw nut connecting plate 52, and a lead screw nut bracket 51. The lead screw nut bracket 51 is mounted above the second ball screw 33, and the lead screw nut connecting plate 52 is disposed inside the lead screw nut bracket 51. The spring steel sheet 53 is mounted on the lead screw nut connecting plate 52.

[0042] Understandably, since the second ball screw 33 will generate radial wobble during rotation, the conventional screw nut fixing structure will transmit this wobble to the second slide 34 and the tool holder component 40, causing periodic patterns to appear on the surface of the machined part.

[0043] Therefore, without reducing axial stiffness, the present invention absorbs the horizontal radial wobble generated by the second ball screw 33 during rotation through the spring steel sheet 53, ensuring the linearity of motion and improving the accuracy and stability of the equipment during processing.

[0044] In this invention, the lead screw support 51 and the transverse platform form a stable support system, combining space utilization and structural rigidity. The rational layout of the lead screw support 51, spring steel plate 53, and lead screw connecting plate 52, through optimized force flow transmission paths and absorption of high-frequency vibration energy via hysteresis, is particularly suitable for handling instantaneous impacts in lead screw drives, ensuring overall rigidity and conforming to topology optimization principles. Through multiple precise finite element analyses, the most appropriate elastic deformation structure is found, thereby achieving optimal vibration reduction while ensuring accuracy. In some embodiments, the tool holder component 40 includes a tool holder base 42, a tool holder column 43, a tool support 44, and a tool clamping block 45. The tool holder base 42 is mounted on the second ball screw 33, the tool holder column 43 is provided on the tool holder base 42, the tool support 44 is provided in front of the tool holder column 43, and a tool 41 is mounted on the tool support 44.

[0045] In some embodiments, the tool holder assembly 40 further includes a tool holder slide plate 47, a pressure plate 48, an adjusting plate 49, and a tool holder adjusting bolt 491. A plug screw is inserted into the tool holder column 43. A pressure plate 48 is provided at the top of the tool holder column 43, and an adjusting plate 49 is provided on the pressure plate 48. A tool holder slide plate 47 is provided in front of the tool holder column 43. A tool holder adjusting bolt 491 is provided between the adjusting plate 49 and the tool holder slide plate 47 for adjusting the position of the tool holder slide plate 47. A tool holder 44 is provided in front of the tool holder slide plate 47.

[0046] In some embodiments, the tool holder component 40 further includes a tool pressing block 45 and a pressure cover 46. The tool holder 44 is provided with a tool pressing block 45, which is used to press the tool 41, and the tool pressing block 45 is provided with a pressure cover 46.

[0047] Understandably, the tool holder assembly 40 has coarse adjustment, fine adjustment, and principal cutting edge angle adjustment functions. The principal cutting edge angle of the tool 41 can be adjusted by the cooperation of the tool pressure block 45 and the pressure cover 46. The center height can be coarsely adjusted within a range of ±10mm by the cooperation of the adjustment plate 49 and the tool holder 44, and finely adjusted within a range of ±2.5mm by the cooperation of the tool holder column 43, the pressure plate 48, the adjustment plate 49, and the tool holder adjustment bolt 491. Most parts of the tool holder assembly 40 are machined from high-strength steel, and their overall performance is improved through certain heat treatments.

[0048] A specific implementation of the present invention is as follows: The spindle assembly 20 is placed on the first horizontal moving assembly 10, and the tool post assembly 40 is placed on the second horizontal moving assembly 30. This machine tool uses atomized cutting fluid to cool and lubricate the cutting tools. The oil mist box is located at the right rear of the machine tool. The output cutting fluid and compressed air are atomized at the nozzle and blown onto the cutting tool through pipelines, thereby achieving the functions of cooling and lubrication.

[0049] The high-pressure air generated by the compressor is initially filtered and dried before being introduced into the machine tool. It then passes through the condenser drying box and fine filter equipped on the machine tool, becoming dry and clean high-pressure air, which is then mainly supplied to the air static pressure spindle and vacuum chuck.

[0050] This invention ensures high precision and stability of the machine tool, solving the defects of most existing ordinary lathes, such as insufficient precision, poor stability, and limited processing capabilities. Equipped with a high-precision adjustable tool post, it can process various high-precision planar, spherical, and aspherical components; it can process materials such as copper, aluminum, nickel plating, single-crystal germanium, chalcogenide glass, zinc selenide, resin, and PMMA; it can guarantee the installation and positioning accuracy of workpieces, and solve the technical problem of flexible, convenient, and rapid clamping of disc-shaped parts of varying sizes.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0052] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0053] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0054] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0055] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A submicron single-point diamond lathe, characterized in that, include: Bed frame; A first horizontal moving assembly, comprising a first base, a first servo motor, and a first ball screw, wherein the first base is disposed on the bed, and the first servo motor and the first ball screw connected to the first servo motor are mounted on the first base. A spindle assembly, which is mounted on the first ball screw, has a vacuum chuck for placing the workpiece to be processed; The second horizontal moving assembly includes a second base, a second servo motor, and a second ball screw. The second base is disposed on the bed, and the second servo motor and the second ball screw connected to the second servo motor are mounted on the second base. The extension directions of the second ball screw and the first ball screw are orthogonal to each other on the horizontal plane. A tool holder assembly, which is mounted on the second ball screw and has a cutting tool for machining the workpiece on the vacuum chuck; The housing is mounted on the bed, and the housing contains an electrical cabinet, a cold air purification component, an oil mist chamber, and a temperature control unit; The first horizontal moving assembly also includes a first slide, a first nut seat, a first lead screw nut, and a first coupling; The first servo motor is connected to the first ball screw via the first coupling. The first screw nut is mounted on the first ball screw, the first nut seat is mounted on the first screw nut, the first slide is mounted on the first nut seat, and the first slide is provided with the main shaft component. The second horizontal moving assembly also includes a second slide, a second nut seat, a second lead screw nut, and a second coupling; The second servo motor is connected to the second ball screw via the second coupling. The second screw nut is mounted on the second ball screw, the second nut seat is mounted on the second screw nut, the second slide is mounted on the second nut seat, and the tool holder component is provided on the second slide. The second horizontal moving component also includes two second linear guides, which are arranged in parallel on both sides of the second ball screw, and the second slide can be connected to the second linear guides via a slider; The second horizontal moving assembly also includes a spring steel sheet, a lead screw nut connecting plate, and a lead screw nut bracket; The lead screw nut support is mounted above the second ball screw, and the lead screw nut connecting plate is provided inside the lead screw nut support. The spring steel sheet is installed on the lead screw nut connecting plate. Without reducing axial stiffness, the horizontal radial wobble generated by the second ball screw during rotation is absorbed by spring steel sheets, ensuring the linearity of motion and improving the accuracy and stability of the equipment during processing. The first horizontal moving component also includes two first linear guides, which are arranged in parallel on both sides of the first ball screw, and the first slide can be connected to the first linear guides via a slider. The tool holder assembly includes a tool holder base, a tool holder column, a tool support, and a tool pressure block; The tool holder is mounted on the second ball screw, the tool holder is provided with the tool holder column, the tool support is provided in front of the tool holder column, and the tool is mounted on the tool support; The tool holder assembly also includes a tool holder slide plate, a pressure plate, an adjustment plate, and tool holder adjustment bolts; A plug screw is inserted inside the tool holder column. A pressure plate is provided on the top of the tool holder column. An adjustment plate is provided on the pressure plate. A tool holder slide is provided in front of the tool holder column. A tool holder adjustment bolt is provided between the adjustment plate and the tool holder slide for adjusting the position of the tool holder slide. A tool support is provided in front of the tool holder slide.

2. The submicron single-point diamond lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tool holder component also includes a tool pressing block and a pressure cap; The tool holder is provided with the tool pressing block, which is used to press the tool, and the tool pressing block is provided with the pressure cover.

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