Cable material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a cable material and a preparation method thereof. The cable material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 80-160 parts of a plasticizer, 10-30 parts of calcium carbonate, 10-30 parts of an elastomer modifier, 0.5-2 parts of a surface modifier and 4-8 parts of a stabilizing agent. According to the invention, the preparation raw materials of the cable material are designed, and the flexible cable material with good mechanical properties can be obtained through the cooperation of the plasticizer, the elastomer modifier and the surface modifier. Meanwhile, the cable material disclosed by the invention also has high elasticity and smooth and fine touch feeling.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric wire and cable, in particular to a cable material and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, silicone cable has been widely used in consumer electronics products, which has very smooth and delicate touch, softness and resilience, and is deeply loved by users. However, the cost of silicone is relatively high, and the production efficiency of silicone cable is low because it needs to be opened, cut into strips, and then added into a wire extruder for cable extrusion.

[0003] Considering the shortcomings of silicone cable, polyvinyl chloride system is used to replace silicone cable in the prior art. For example, CN104004296A discloses a non-antimony flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride cable material, which comprises, by weight: polyvinyl chloride 100 parts; plasticizer 30-70 parts; calcium carbonate 15-60 parts; flame retardant 15-40 parts; stabilizer 4-6 parts; lubricant 0.5-2 parts. The cable material made by using this formula has the advantages of convenient processing, stable quality and high production efficiency. CN118667267A discloses a polyvinyl chloride cable material, which comprises: polyvinyl chloride resin 90-100 parts, plasticizer 25-40 parts, modified magnesium hydroxide 6-12 parts, lubricant 1-3 parts, antioxidant 0.1-2 parts, and modified calcium carbonate 20-35 parts. The cable material has excellent flame-retardant performance and smoke suppression effect, and also has excellent mechanical properties and wear resistance. CN117986765A discloses a flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride cable material, which comprises: polyvinyl chloride, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, composite compatibilizer, composite particles, etc. The prepared product can effectively retard flame, does not produce toxic substances, and does not affect the mechanical energy of the cable material.

[0004] However, the polyvinyl chloride system in the prior art still has the defects of insufficient softness, insufficient elasticity, and sticky touch. Therefore, how to obtain a polyvinyl chloride cable material with super-soft performance, high elasticity and smooth and delicate touch is a problem to be solved at present. SUMMARY

[0005] An embodiment of the present application aims to provide a cable material and a preparation method thereof. The present application adds a high proportion of plasticizer, elastomer modifier and surface modifier to polyvinyl chloride, so that it can achieve high elasticity and smooth and delicate touch under the premise of having super-soft performance. The raw materials used in the present application are environmentally friendly and non-toxic, and can be recycled and reused, which is beneficial to improve production efficiency and reduce production cost.

[0006] An embodiment of the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the present application provides a cable material, and the raw materials for preparing the cable material include the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 80-160 parts of plasticizer, 10-30 parts of calcium carbonate, 10-30 parts of elastomer modifier, 0.5-2 parts of surface modifier, and 4-8 parts of stabilizer.

[0008] The plasticizer in the raw materials for preparing the cable material may, for example, be 90 parts, 100 parts, 110 parts, 120 parts, 130 parts, 140 parts, or 150 parts, etc.

[0009] The calcium carbonate in the raw materials for preparing the cable material may, for example, be 12 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts, 25 parts, or 28 parts, etc.

[0010] The elastomer modifier in the raw materials for preparing the cable material may, for example, be 12 parts, 15 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts, 22 parts, 25 parts, or 28 parts, etc.

[0011] The surface modifier in the raw materials for preparing the cable material may, for example, be 1 part, 1.2 parts, 1.5 parts, 1.6 parts, or 1.8 parts, etc.

[0012] The stabilizer in the raw materials for preparing the cable material may, for example, be 5 parts, 5.5 parts, 6 parts, 6.5 parts, or 7 parts, etc.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present application, the raw materials for preparing the cable material are designed, and the combination of the plasticizer, the elastomer modifier, and the surface modifier can obtain a cable material that is soft and has good mechanical properties. Meanwhile, the cable material of one embodiment of the present application also has high elasticity and a smooth and delicate touch.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present application, the amount of the plasticizer needs to be controlled within the range of the present application. If the amount of the plasticizer is too small, the Shore hardness of the cable material increases, the softness decreases, and the touch is relatively stiff. If the amount of the plasticizer is too large, the cable material has the risk of oil separation, the surface of the rubber may be sticky, which affects the touch, and the rubber is too soft, which reduces the tensile strength.

[0015] In some embodiments, the polyvinyl chloride has a polymerization degree of 2500-4000, for example, 2800, 3000, 3200, 3500, or 3700, etc.

[0016] In some embodiments, the polyvinyl chloride includes polyvinyl chloride pure resin powder.

[0017] In some embodiments, the plasticizer includes any one or a combination of at least two of diisononyl phthalate, dioctyl terephthalate, trioctyl trimellitate, or polyester plasticizer.

[0018] In some embodiments, the calcium carbonate includes heavy calcium carbonate and / or light calcium carbonate, further a combination of heavy calcium carbonate and light calcium carbonate.

[0019] In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the heavy calcium carbonate and the light calcium carbonate is (0.3-5):1, for example, can be 0.5:1, 1:1, 1.2:1, 1.5:1, 1.7:1, 2:1, 2.2:1, 2.5:1, 2.8:1, 3:1, 3.5:1, 4:1 or 4.5:1, etc., further (0.5-3):1, and further (1-2):1.

[0020] In an embodiment of the present application, the weight ratio of the heavy calcium carbonate and the light calcium carbonate is controlled within a specific range, which can make the cable material obtain a smooth and delicate touch. If the addition ratio of the heavy calcium carbonate is too high, the surface of the rubber material is prone to be rough and dry; if the addition ratio of the light calcium carbonate is too high, the surface of the rubber material is prone to produce particles.

[0021] In some embodiments, the particle fineness of the calcium carbonate is above 2500 mesh, for example, can be 3000 mesh, 3500 mesh, 4000 mesh, 4500 mesh or 5000 mesh, etc.

[0022] In some embodiments, the elastomer modifier includes a maleic anhydride grafted polymer.

[0023] In some embodiments, the elastomer modifier includes a maleic anhydride grafted polyurethane.

[0024] In an embodiment of the present application, the maleic anhydride grafted polyurethane is used as the elastomer modifier. On the one hand, the polyurethane can improve the elasticity of the cable material; on the other hand, after being modified by the maleic anhydride, the compatibility between the polyvinyl chloride and the elastomer modifier can be improved, and further the elasticity of the cable material can be improved.

[0025] In some embodiments, the elastomer modifier includes a maleic anhydride grafted thermoplastic polyether polyurethane.

[0026] In an embodiment of the present application, the selection of the polyether polyurethane can make the cable material obtain better hydrolysis resistance.

[0027] In some embodiments, the mass content of the maleic anhydride in the maleic anhydride grafted polymer is 0.8%-1.5%, for example, can be 0.85%, 0.9%, 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4% or 1.45%, etc., further 1.0%-1.2%.

[0028] In some embodiments, the stabilizer includes a calcium-zinc stabilizer.

[0029] In some embodiments, the surface modifier includes a silicone oil.

[0030] In some embodiments, the silicone oil has a dynamic viscosity of 10000-15000 cps at 25°C, for example, 10500 cps, 11000 cps, 11500 cps, 12000 cps, 12500 cps, 13000 cps, 13500 cps, 14000 cps or 14500 cps, etc.

[0031] In an embodiment of the present application, the dynamic viscosity of the silicone oil is tested according to HG / T 2363-1992.

[0032] In some embodiments, the silicone oil comprises dimethyl silicone oil.

[0033] In some embodiments, the surface modifier further comprises a long-chain alkyl primary amine.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present application, the silicone oil is used in combination with the long-chain alkyl primary amine as a surface modifier. On the one hand, the silicone oil forms a low-surface-energy hydrophobic layer on the surface of the cable material; on the other hand, the long-chain alkyl primary amine reduces the surface viscosity of the cable material, making the material dry, and together achieving a smooth effect. If the silicone oil is used alone as a surface modifier, the surface of the material is too smooth, and it is also easy to adsorb dust in the air, polluting the cable material.

[0035] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the silicone oil to the long-chain alkyl primary amine is (3-30):1, for example, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 10:1, 12:1, 13:1, 15:1, 18:1, 20:1 or 25:1, etc., further (6-20):1, and more further (8-12):1.

[0036] In some embodiments, the long-chain alkyl primary amine comprises any one or a combination of at least two of octadecylamine, soybean oil primary amine, hydrogenated tallow primary amine, coconut oil primary amine or oleic acid primary amine.

[0037] In some embodiments, the long-chain alkyl primary amine comprises any one or a combination of at least two of hydrogenated tallow primary amine, coconut oil primary amine or oleic acid primary amine.

[0038] In some embodiments, the long-chain alkyl primary amine comprises oleic acid primary amine.

[0039] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a preparation method of the cable material according to the first aspect, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0040] After the components of the cable material are plasticized by internal mixing, they are extruded and granulated to obtain the cable material.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present application, the cable material can be directly extruded and granulated after plasticization, and the granulation can be directly used for wire extrusion without any other processing steps. In contrast, the traditional silicone cable needs to be mixed in an open mill, and then needs to be cut and extruded. Compared with the silicone cable, the cable material of the present application simplifies the preparation process, saves equipment and manpower, and improves production efficiency.

[0042] In some embodiments, the plasticization by internal mixer further comprises a pretreatment step, and the pretreatment method comprises mixing the components of the cable material.

[0043] In some embodiments, the mixing is performed in a high-mixing kettle.

[0044] In some embodiments, the stirring speed during the mixing is 800-1000 rpm, for example, it can be 820 rpm, 850 rpm, 880 rpm, 900 rpm, 930 rpm, 950 rpm or 980 rpm, etc.

[0045] In some embodiments, the mixing time is 10-15 min, for example, it can be 10.5 min, 11 min, 12 min, 13 min, 13.5 min or 14 min, etc.

[0046] In some embodiments, the mixing temperature is 130-150℃, for example, it can be 135℃, 137℃, 140℃, 142℃ or 145℃, etc.

[0047] In some embodiments, the plasticization by internal mixer is performed at a temperature of 145-160℃, for example, it can be 147℃, 150℃, 153℃, 155℃ or 157℃, etc.

[0048] In some embodiments, the extrusion method comprises using a single screw machine for extrusion.

[0049] In some embodiments, the diameter of the screw in the single screw extruder is exemplarily 90-270 mm, for example, it can be 120 mm, 150 mm, 180 mm, 210 mm or 240 mm, etc.

[0050] In some embodiments, the extrusion temperature is 145-165℃, for example, it can be 147℃, 150℃, 152℃, 155℃, 157℃, 160℃ or 163℃, etc.

[0051] In some embodiments, the extrusion and granulation further comprises the steps of air cooling, vibration screening and packaging after the extrusion and granulation.

[0052] In some embodiments, the extrusion and granulation is extrusion hot cutting granulation.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0054] In an embodiment of the present application, the raw materials for preparing the cable material are designed, and further, the plasticizer, the elastomer modifier and the surface modifier are combined to obtain the cable material which is soft and has good mechanical properties. Meanwhile, the cable material of the present application has high elasticity and a smooth and delicate touch. The tensile strength of the cable material of the present application is 9.7-14.3 MPa, the elongation at break is 263%-423%, the Shore hardness is 45-67A, the resilience is 15%-28%, and the smooth touch score is more than 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application is illustrated by the following embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments are only used to help understand the present application and should not be regarded as a specific limitation on the present application.

[0056] Embodiment 1

[0057] The present embodiment provides a cable material and a preparation method thereof. The raw materials for preparing the cable material include the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 100 parts of diisononyl phthalate, 15 parts of calcium carbonate (the weight ratio of heavy calcium carbonate to light calcium carbonate is 1.5:1), 20 parts of maleic anhydride grafted thermoplastic polyether type polyurethane, 1 part of surface modifier, and 6 parts of calcium-zinc stabilizer. The surface modifier is a mixture of dimethyl silicone oil and octadecylamine, and the mass ratio of dimethyl silicone oil to octadecylamine is 10:1.

[0058] The preparation method of the cable material includes the following steps:

[0059] (1) The raw materials are weighed according to the weight ratio;

[0060] (2) The raw materials are put into a 300L high-mixing pot and mixed at high speed for 15 minutes. The setting temperature for high-speed mixing is 150℃;

[0061] (3) The mixed raw materials are discharged into a 75L internal mixer for plasticizing to obtain a rubber compound. The mixing temperature is 160℃;

[0062] (4) The rubber compound is sent to a double-cone machine by an elevator, and then fed into a single screw with a diameter of 180mm for extrusion, hot cutting, granulation, air cooling, vibration screening and packaging. The single screw extrusion temperature is 155-165℃.

[0063] Embodiment 2

[0064] The present embodiment provides a cable material, which is different from the embodiment 1 only in that the weight fraction of the maleic anhydride grafted thermoplastic polyether type polyurethane is 10 parts.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] This example provides a cable material, which is different from Example 1 only in that the weight fraction of the maleic anhydride grafted thermoplastic polyether-based polyurethane is 30 parts.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] This example provides a cable material, which is different from Example 1 only in that the weight fraction of the surface modifier is 0.5 parts.

[0069] Example 5

[0070] This example provides a cable material, which is different from Example 1 only in that the weight fraction of the surface modifier is 2 parts.

[0071] Example 6

[0072] This example provides a cable material, which is different from Example 1 only in that the weight fraction of the diisononyl phthalate is 80 parts.

[0073] Example 7

[0074] This example provides a cable material, which is different from Example 1 only in that the weight fraction of the diisononyl phthalate is 120 parts.

[0075] Example 8

[0076] This example provides a cable material, which is different from Example 1 only in that the weight fraction of the diisononyl phthalate is 140 parts.

[0077] Example 9

[0078] This example provides a cable material, which is different from Example 1 only in that the weight fraction of the diisononyl phthalate is 160 parts.

[0079] Comparative Example 1

[0080] This comparative example provides a cable material, which is different from Example 1 only in that no surface modifier is added in the raw materials for preparing the cable material.

[0081] Comparative Example 2

[0082] This comparative example provides a cable material, which is different from Example 1 only in that no maleic anhydride grafted thermoplastic polyether-based polyurethane is added in the raw materials for preparing the cable material.

[0083] The properties of the cable materials provided in the above examples and comparative examples are tested, and the specific tests refer to the following standards:

[0084] Tensile strength and elongation at break were tested according to UL1581-2023 standard;

[0085] Shore hardness was tested according to ASTM D2240-15(2021) standard;

[0086] Rebound resilience was tested according to ASTM D1054-02(2007) standard;

[0087] Smooth touch feeling test: 3 trained testers gave a subjective score to the hand feeling of the wire, with a maximum score of 7 and a minimum score of 1, and the grades were as follows:

[0088] 1 point: sticky; 2 points: more sticky; 3 points: slightly sticky; 4 points: general; 5 points: relatively smooth; 6 points: smooth; 7 points: very smooth.

[0089] The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0090] Table 1

[0091]

[0092] From the test results, it can be seen that:

[0093] (1) From Examples 1 to 9, it can be seen that by the cooperation of the specific amount of plasticizer, elastomer modifier and surface modifier, the cable material with softness and good mechanical properties can be obtained. The tensile strength is 9.7-14.3 MPa, the elongation at break is 263%-423%, the Shore hardness is 45-67A, the rebound resilience is 15%-28%, and the smooth touch feeling score is more than 5.

[0094] (2) From the comparison of Example 1 and Examples 6-9, it can be seen that by further limiting the amount of plasticizer in an embodiment of the present application, the mechanical properties of the cable material can be improved.

[0095] (3) From the comparison of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2, it can be seen that if any one of the elastomer modifier or the surface modifier is missing in the preparation of the cable material, the cable material with high elasticity and smooth touch feeling in an embodiment of the present application cannot be obtained.

[0096] In summary, by designing the preparation raw materials of the cable material, and further by the cooperation of the plasticizer, the elastomer modifier and the surface modifier, the cable material with softness and good mechanical properties can be obtained in an embodiment of the present application. At the same time, the cable material in an embodiment of the present application also has high elasticity and smooth and delicate touch feeling.

[0097] The applicant states that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can be easily thought out by those skilled in the art, and all of them fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cable compound characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing the cable material include the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts polyvinyl chloride, 80-160 parts plasticizer, 10-30 parts calcium carbonate, 10-30 parts elastomer modifier, 0.5-2 parts surface modifier, and 4-8 parts stabilizer.

2. The cable compound of claim 1, wherein, The degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl chloride is 2500-4000.

3. The cable compound of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The plasticizer includes any one or a combination of at least two of diisononyl phthalate, dioctyl terephthalate, trioctyl trimellitate, or polyester plasticizers.

4. The cable compound according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The calcium carbonate includes pyrocalcite and / or calcium carbonate, and more particularly a combination of pyrocalcite and calcium carbonate. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of heavy calcium carbonate to light calcium carbonate is (0.3-5):1, further (0.5-3):1, and even further (1-2):1; In some embodiments, the particle size of the calcium carbonate is greater than 2500 mesh.

5. The cable compound according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The elastomer modifier includes a maleic anhydride-grafted polymer. In some embodiments, the elastomer modifier comprises maleic anhydride-grafted polyurethane. In some embodiments, the elastomer modifier comprises maleic anhydride-grafted thermoplastic polyether polyurethane. In some embodiments, the maleic anhydride content in the maleic anhydride graft polymer is 0.8%-1.5% by mass, more specifically 1.0%-1.2%.

6. The cable compound according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The stabilizer includes calcium-zinc stabilizers.

7. The cable compound according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The surface modifier includes silicone oil; In some embodiments, the dynamic viscosity of the silicone oil at 25°C is 10,000-15,000 cps; In some embodiments, the silicone oil includes dimethyl silicone oil; In some embodiments, the surface modifier further includes long-chain alkyl primary amines; In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the silicone oil to the long-chain alkyl primary amine is (3-30):1, more specifically (6-20):1, and even more specifically (8-12):1; In some embodiments, the long-chain alkyl primary amine includes any one or a combination of at least two of octadecylamine, soybean oil primary amine, hydrogenated tallow primary amine, coconut oil primary amine, or oleic acid primary amine; In some embodiments, the long-chain alkyl primary amine includes any one or a combination of at least two of hydrogenated tallow primary amine, coconut oil primary amine, or oleic acid primary amine; In some embodiments, the long-chain alkyl primary amine includes oleic acid primary amine.

8. A process for the production of a cable compound according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The preparation method includes the following steps: After the components of the cable material are internally mixed and plasticized, they are extruded and granulated to obtain the cable material.

9. The production method according to claim 8, characterized by, The process before mixing and plasticizing also includes a pretreatment step, the pretreatment method of which includes mixing the components of the cable material; In some embodiments, the mixing time is 10-15 minutes; In some embodiments, the mixing temperature is 130-150°C.

10. The production method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized by, The temperature for the internal mixing and plasticizing process is 145-160℃; In some embodiments, the extrusion method includes extruding using a single-screw extruder; In some embodiments, the extrusion temperature is 145-165°C.

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