Preamplifier systems, methods, apparatus and articles

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of nuclear radiation detection, and discloses a pre-amplifier system, method, equipment and product. The pre-amplifier system is applied to the radiation detector and comprises a pre-amplifier module, a pulse generation module, a signal conditioning module and a controller, the pre-amplifier module is used for carrying out amplification and impedance matching on charge signals output by the radiation detector and / or the pulse generation module and converting the charge signals into voltage signals; the pulse generation module is used for outputting a corresponding pulse signal according to the controller control signal and outputting the pulse signal to the pre-amplifier module; and the signal conditioning module is used for performing pole zero adjustment and / or baseline adjustment on the voltage signal output by the pre-amplifier module according to the control signal of the controller, and outputting the adjusted voltage signal. The method and the device can be at least used for solving the technical problems that parameter setting and monitoring can be performed by using a program menu without closing or dismantling equipment, and manual configuration does not need to be performed by using special equipment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of nuclear radiation detection, and in particular to a preamplifier system, method, device and product. BACKGROUND

[0002] Charge sensitive preamplifiers (CSPAs) are widely used in radiation detectors based on high purity germanium (HPGe) and other semiconductor materials. The main purpose of the preamplifier is to convert the charge formed in the SCD due to ionization into a voltage signal, the amplitude of which is proportional to the energy of the ionizing radiation.

[0003] In the prior art, the debugging of the traditional pure analog preamplifier requires disassembly of the detector itself, and manual adjustment of the circuit parameters after disassembly, which is not conducive to maintenance and debugging. The introduction of digital circuits in the analog circuit will affect its measurement performance, making the energy resolution of the detector worse. Moreover, these preamplifiers are not suitable for different multi-channel spectrometers. SUMMARY

[0004] An object of the present application is to provide a preamplifier system, method, device and product, at least to solve the problem that without closing the device, disassembling the device or using special diagnostic equipment, the parameters can be set and monitored by using the program menu, without manual configuration using special equipment. Moreover, in the process of developing a multi-channel spectrometer, the preamplifier system is programmed, which will not affect the testing of the energy resolution index.

[0005] To achieve the above object, some embodiments of the present application provide the following aspects:

[0006] In a first aspect, some embodiments of the present application provide a preamplifier system applied in a radiation detector, the preamplifier system comprising a preamplifier module, a pulse generation module, a signal conditioning module and a controller.

[0007] The preamplifier module is configured to amplify and impedance match the charge signal output by the radiation detector and / or the pulse generation module, and convert it into a voltage signal.

[0008] The pulse generation module is configured to output a corresponding pulse signal according to the control signal of the controller and output it to the preamplifier module.

[0009] The signal conditioning module is configured to perform zero adjustment and / or baseline adjustment on the voltage signal output by the preamplifier module according to the control signal of the controller, and output the adjusted voltage signal.

[0010] Optionally, the pulse generation module comprises a DAC chip, an analog switch chip and an operational amplifier.

[0011] The controller controls the DAC chip to output a set amount of current to the operational amplifier, the operational amplifier converts the amount of current to an amount of voltage and outputs to the analog switch chip, and the analog switch chip generates a corresponding pulse signal by switching the on-off state.

[0012] Optionally, the signal conditioning module comprises a CR differentiator, a pole-zero adjustment circuit, a baseline adjustment circuit and an amplification integration circuit.

[0013] The CR differentiator is configured to filter out low-frequency baseline drift of the voltage signal output by the preamplifier module and extract signal front information.

[0014] The pole-zero adjustment circuit is configured to perform pole-zero adjustment on the voltage signal output by the preamplifier module according to the control signal of the controller.

[0015] The baseline adjustment circuit is configured to perform baseline adjustment on the voltage signal output by the preamplifier module according to the control signal of the controller.

[0016] The amplification integration circuit is configured to output the signal after pole-zero adjustment and / or baseline adjustment.

[0017] Optionally, the preamplifier module is a resistance-capacitance feedback type preamplifier.

[0018] Optionally, the preamplifier system further comprises a temperature measurement protection circuit.

[0019] The temperature measurement protection circuit is configured to measure the temperature of the radiation detector through a temperature measurement resistor, convert the resistance value of the temperature measurement resistor to a voltage, compare the voltage with a threshold voltage, and determine whether to cut off the high voltage to protect the line.

[0020] In a second aspect, some embodiments of the present application also provide a control method of a preamplifier system, which is applied to a radiation detector.

[0021] Obtain a radiation particle signal through the radiation detector.

[0022] Convert the processed radiation particle signal to a voltage signal.

[0023] Adjust the parameters to perform pole-zero adjustment and / or baseline adjustment on the voltage signal according to the display of the oscilloscope.

[0024] Output the adjusted voltage signal.

[0025] Optionally, the control method further comprises:

[0026] The pulse signal parameter control is configured to generate a pulse signal;

[0027] The pulse signal is amplified and converted into a voltage signal;

[0028] According to the oscilloscope display signal, the parameter is adjusted to perform polar zero adjustment and / or baseline adjustment on the voltage signal;

[0029] The adjusted voltage signal is output, and the pulse signal is compared with the output signal.

[0030] Optionally, before the radiation particle signal is converted into a voltage signal, the control method further comprises:

[0031] The temperature of the radiation detector is obtained;

[0032] If the temperature of the radiation detector reaches a preset temperature, subsequent steps are performed.

[0033] In a third aspect, some embodiments of the present application further provide an electronic device, comprising: one or more processors; and a memory storing computer program instructions, which, when executed, cause the processor to perform the steps of the method described above.

[0034] In a fourth aspect, some embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product, comprising computer programs / instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described above.

[0035] Compared with the related art, in the scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application, the preamplifier in the preamplifier system performs low-noise amplification and impedance matching on the weak charge signal output by the detector, converts it into a low-noise, high-fidelity voltage signal, and through the signal conditioning module, optimizes the signal waveform and extracts energy information through time shaping, polar zero cancellation, baseline recovery and main amplifier gain adjustment, and finally outputs a standardized pulse signal for energy spectrum analysis. The peripheral circuit of the system adopts modular design, in which the pulse generator simulates a real radiation signal to replace a radiation source to realize system function verification and linearity calibration, and all adjustments and controls are controlled by the controller MCU through software parameters, so that the parameters can be set and monitored through the program menu without the need to use special equipment for manual configuration. Moreover, in the process of developing a multi-channel spectrometer, the preamplifier system is programmed, which does not affect the index test of the test energy resolution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example in the drawings and specification hereof, which are not intended to limit the embodiments to the specific embodiments shown, and various embodiments can include phenomena that occur at a similar, the same, or a different scale, unless otherwise specifically stated herein. In the drawings, similar reference numerals can denote similar elements, unless otherwise specifically stated, and the drawings are not necessarily to scale.

[0037] Figure 1 A system architecture diagram of a preamplifier system provided for some embodiments of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 An exemplary block diagram of a pulse generation module provided for some embodiments of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 An exemplary block diagram of a signal conditioning module provided for some embodiments of the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 An exemplary block diagram of a preamplifier module provided for some embodiments of the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 An exemplary block diagram of a temperature measurement protection circuit provided for some embodiments of the present application.

[0042] Figure 6 A flowchart of a control method of a preamplifier system provided for some embodiments of the present application.

[0043] Figure 7 A flowchart of another control method of a preamplifier system provided for some embodiments of the present application.

[0044] Figure 8 An exemplary block diagram of the electronic device provided for some embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0046] The following terms are used herein.

[0047] CSPA - Charge Sensitive Preamplifier

[0048] DIP - Digital Preamplifier

[0049] FET - Field Effect Transistor

[0050] DAC - digital-to-analog converter

[0051] CR - count rate

[0052] DC - direct current

[0053] HPGe - high-purity germanium

[0054] first embodiment

[0055] The first embodiment of the present application relates to a preamplifier system, as shown in Figure 1 The preamplifier system is applied in a radiation detector, and the preamplifier system comprises a preamplifier module 1, a pulse generation module 2, a signal conditioning module 3 and a controller 4;

[0056] The preamplifier module 1 is used for amplifying and impedance matching the charge signal output by the radiation detector and / or the pulse generation module 3, and converting the charge signal into a voltage signal;

[0057] The pulse generation module 2 is used for outputting a corresponding pulse signal according to the control signal of the controller 4 and outputting the pulse signal to the preamplifier module;

[0058] The signal conditioning module 3 is used for performing pole-zero adjustment and / or baseline adjustment on the voltage signal output by the preamplifier module according to the control signal of the controller 4, and outputting the adjusted voltage signal.

[0059] Specifically, after the radiation detector collects signals, in the preamplifier system, the preamplifier module 1 as the core front-end module of the detector signal chain is responsible for low-noise amplification and impedance matching of the weak charge signal output by the radiation detector, converting it into a low-noise, high-fidelity voltage signal, providing high signal-to-noise ratio input conditions for subsequent processing. Subsequently, the signal conditioning module 3 controls the signal conditioning module to perform pole-zero cancellation, baseline recovery and main amplifier gain adjustment according to the signal waveform in the oscilloscope, optimize the signal waveform and extract energy information, and finally output standardized pulse signals for energy spectrum analysis. The system peripheral circuit adopts modular design, among which the pulse generator 2 simulates the real radiation signal to replace the radiation source to realize system function verification and linearity calibration. The controller (MCU) 4 is an STM32 single-chip microcomputer, which can more intelligently and conveniently process signals and protect the detector. Embedding the microcontroller into the detector CSPA can improve the quality and performance of the DIP. The built-in microcontroller allows the operator to set the parameters of the detector and the preamplifier itself, as well as control the operation of the internal test pulse generator and other built-in units. The digital part of the DIP has no visible effect on the characteristics of the CSPA itself and the spectral characteristics of the detector. The operation of the intelligent preamplifier is controlled by the corresponding software. Through the software, it is possible to remotely control the preamplifier and detector parameters in real time, as well as the ability to display measurement data in reports. Detecting these data can prevent possible failures of the detector in advance, which is beneficial to the maintenance work of the detector. The software provides information including the following: preamplifier serial number, detector serial number, detector type, transistor model, recommended high voltage value, HV polarity, output signal polarity, shaping time recommended value, flat top time recommended value, ADC parameters, recommended cooling time, etc., and real-time measurement and display of preamplifier parameters, including FET voltage, FET current, FET drain voltage, preamplifier output voltage, preamplifier resistance feedback output voltage, preamplifier power supply voltage, detector leakage current, HPGe crystal temperature, preamplifier internal temperature, preamplifier internal humidity, preamplifier internal atmospheric pressure, etc.

[0060] It is not difficult to see that, compared with related technologies, the preamplifier system peripheral circuit in the solution provided in this application adopts a modular design. The pulse generator can simulate real radiation signals, not only replacing the radiation source to verify system linearity but also troubleshooting system faults and replacing the radiation source to verify system function and calibrate linearity. Simultaneously, all adjustments and controls are controlled by the MCU through software parameters, allowing parameter setting and monitoring via a program menu without needing to shut down, remove, or use special diagnostic equipment, thus eliminating the need for manual configuration using specialized equipment. Furthermore, during the development of the multichannel spectrometer, the programmable preamplifier system does not affect the testing of energy resolution. The introduction of the pulse generator, MCU, and peripheral circuits greatly increases the practicality of the entire circuit.

[0061] Second Embodiment

[0062] The second embodiment is an improvement upon the first embodiment. Specifically, the pulse generation module includes a DAC chip, an analog switch chip, and an operational amplifier. The controller controls the DAC chip to output a set current to the operational amplifier, which converts the current into a voltage and outputs it to the analog switch chip. The analog switch chip generates corresponding pulse signals based on its on / off state.

[0063] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the pulse generation module mainly consists of U1, A2, and U2. This module uses a DAC-op-amp-analog switch architecture to generate programmable pulses. Its specific structure and workflow are as follows: U1 is a DAC chip, controlled by the MCU via SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface). This chip outputs current, which needs to be converted to voltage by an external circuit. A2 is an operational amplifier. A2 and R3 convert the current output from U1 to voltage, which is then input to U2. The range of the converted voltage value is determined by VREF1 and R3. In this module, the value of R3 is the same as the internal resistor on the IOUT pin of U1, so the voltage range of A2 is 0 to VREF1. U2 is a DG419DY single-pole double-throw analog switch chip, powered by V+ and V-. VL is the logic level power input, and the logic level determination value is determined by VL. Pin D is the fixed terminal of the switch, and pin IN is the MCU input. When the microcontroller outputs a "1" level, the switch closes from D to S2, and the voltage output by A2 charges capacitor C2. When the microcontroller outputs a "0" level, the switch closes from D to S1, and capacitor C2 discharges through the circuit to ground via R2. This discharge process generates a Gaussian pulse signal at the upper end of R2, thus realizing the pulse generation function. The time constant of this pulse is determined by C2 and R2, and is τ = C2R2. The switching frequency of U2 controlled by the MCU is the frequency at which the pulse generator produces the pulse.

[0064] It can be found that, in the embodiments of the present application, the pulse generation module can realize the pulse generation function with adjustable amplitude, adjustable frequency and adjustable pulse width, so as to simulate the real radiation signal and replace the radiation source to realize the system function verification and linearity calibration.

[0065] Third embodiment

[0066] The third embodiment is an improvement on the basis of the first embodiment, and the specific improvement is that:

[0067] The signal conditioning module includes a CR differentiator, a pole-zero adjustment circuit, a baseline adjustment circuit and an amplification integration circuit. The CR differentiator is used to filter out the low-frequency baseline drift of the output voltage signal of the preamplifier module and extract the signal front information. The pole-zero adjustment circuit is used to perform pole-zero adjustment on the voltage signal output by the preamplifier module according to the control signal of the controller. The baseline adjustment circuit is used to perform baseline adjustment on the voltage signal output by the preamplifier module according to the control signal of the controller. The amplification integration circuit is used to output the signal after the pole-zero adjustment and / or baseline adjustment.

[0068] Specifically, as Figure 3As shown, the signal conditioning module is mainly divided into CR differentiator, pole-zero adjustment circuit, baseline adjustment circuit and amplification integration circuit. The CR differentiator filters the low-frequency baseline drift of the preamplifier output and extracts the signal front information. The pole-zero adjustment circuit is mainly composed of A3, A4 double operational amplifier and U4 digital-to-analog conversion chip. The output A1-OUT of the preamplifier is input to the circuit. The circuit takes part of the original signal to the back end of the differentiator under the control of the MCU. Under the observation of the oscilloscope, when the Vout output signal appears under-compensation or over-compensation, the numerical value of the control input DAC chip U4 can be adjusted to realize the operation of adjusting the pole-zero. The front and rear two-stage operational amplifiers A3 and A4 can ensure that the pole-zero output signal has a constant polarity to the original signal. The internal resistance of the RFB pin of the operational amplifier A4 and U4 cooperates to convert the current output of the DAC to voltage output, and the final output range is 0-VREF2. The baseline adjustment circuit is mainly composed of DAC chip U3 and operational amplifier A5. The output size of the DAC chip is controlled by the MCU. The output range of the DAC is 0-VREF3. The output range after the operational amplifier is related to the values of R10 and R11. In this module, their values are equal, so the output range of the entire baseline adjustment circuit module is-VREF3-VREF3. After the operational amplifier A5, not only the output capacity of the DAC chip is improved, but also the output range is expanded. By adjusting the output voltage of this circuit, the direct current offset of the signal can be eliminated. The rear-stage amplification integration circuit is mainly composed of operational amplifier A6. This stage is responsible for amplifying the signal after the integration of the CR differentiation, pole-zero adjustment and baseline adjustment. The entire adjustment operation can be completed in the upper computer software. The specific steps are as follows: after the signal is generated by the radiation source, according to the signal displayed by the oscilloscope, the pole-zero condition can be adjusted first. If the signal appears under-compensation, increase the value of the adjustment DAC to increase the compensation. If the signal appears over-compensation, reduce the value of the adjustment DAC to reduce the compensation. When the pole-zero is adjusted, the baseline of the signal can be adjusted. When the baseline of the signal is less than 0, increase the value of the input DAC to increase the output direct current level. When the baseline of the signal is greater than 0, reduce the value of the input DAC to reduce the output direct current level. When the baseline of the signal is basically maintained at 0 level, the signal can be output.

[0069] It is not difficult to find that in the embodiments of the present application, since the pole-zero and / or baseline can be adjusted through the upper computer software, the parameter setting and monitoring can be realized through the program menu without the need of closing the device, disassembling the device or using special diagnostic equipment, and manual configuration is not needed by using special equipment.

[0070] Fourth embodiment

[0071] The fourth embodiment is an improvement based on the first embodiment, and the specific improvement is that:

[0072] The preamplifier module is a resistance-capacitance feedback preamplifier.

[0073] Specifically, as shown in Figure 4 The preamplifier module is a resistance-capacitance feedback preamplifier, mainly composed of Q1, Rf, Cf and A1. Q1 is an N-channel junction field effect transistor, which has low transconductance noise and picoampere level gate leakage current characteristics, and can stably amplify the weak charge signal output by the detector. The combination of the ultra-high resistance feedback resistor (Rf≥1GΩ) and the small-capacity feedback capacitor (Cf=0.5pF) constructs a long time constant τ=RfCf, which takes into account the charge integration efficiency and low-frequency noise suppression. The non-inverting amplifier (A1) provides an input impedance of >1012Ω, avoiding the loading effect on the JFET output end. The preamplifier can realize excellent weak signal amplification processing. At the same time, the preamplifier can also be provided with a signal by the pulse generator.

[0074] It can be found that in the embodiment of the application, the preamplifier as the core front-end module of the detector signal chain is responsible for low-noise amplification and impedance matching of the weak charge signal output by the detector, and converts it into a low-noise, high-fidelity voltage signal to provide a high signal-to-noise ratio input condition for subsequent processing. And as the core of the ultra-low noise signal chain of the radiation detector, its role is not only amplification, but also through charge-sensitive design, impedance matching and noise suppression, the fC level charge signal is converted into a usable voltage signal without distortion. The combination of N-channel JFET and GΩ level feedback resistor realizes the perfect balance of charge integration and noise minimization in a low-temperature environment. As the first stage of the signal chain, it directly determines the noise level, energy resolution and stability of the system.

[0075] Fifth embodiment

[0076] The fifth embodiment is an improvement based on the first embodiment, and the specific improvement is that the preamplifier system further includes a temperature measurement protection circuit. As shown in Figure 1 The temperature measurement protection circuit 5 is used to measure the temperature of the radiation detector through the temperature measurement resistor, and convert the resistance value of the temperature measurement resistor into a voltage. The voltage is compared with the threshold voltage to determine whether to cut off the high voltage to protect the circuit.

[0077] Specifically, as shown in Figure 5As shown, taking the HPGe detector as an example, the module circuit is mainly responsible for protecting the HPGe detector, avoiding the application of high voltage to the crystal after warming, resulting in a sharp increase in leakage current or structural damage. The module mainly includes a constant current source, a PT100 temperature measuring platinum resistance, an analog-digital conversion chip U4 shared with a baseline adjustment circuit, and two operational amplifiers A7 and A8. The PT100 is placed near the HPGe crystal to measure its real temperature as much as possible. The function of the constant current source is to convert the resistance value of the PT100 into a voltage, which is then amplified and output by A7. The ADC pin of the MCU collects the voltage value, which represents the temperature of the HPGe and can be monitored in real time. Operational amplifier A8 is used as a comparator. The MCU sets the DAC-OUT4 output voltage value of U4 to give a comparison threshold voltage to the same phase end of A8. When the voltage value converted by the temperature measuring resistance and the operational amplifier A7 is greater than the threshold value, the comparator outputs a high voltage protection signal. This signal will be sent to the subsequent circuit module, and the subsequent circuit will cooperate with the signal to realize the operation of cutting off the high voltage.

[0078] As can be seen, in the embodiment of the present application, after the crystal is warmed, the temperature measurement protection circuit prohibits the application of high voltage, which can greatly protect the HPGe crystal from damage.

[0079] It is worth mentioning that each module involved in the embodiment is a logic module. In actual application, a logic unit can be a physical unit, a part of a physical unit, or a combination of multiple physical units. In addition, in order to highlight the innovative part of the present application, units not closely related to solving the technical problems proposed in the present application are not introduced in the embodiment, but this does not mean that there are no other units in the embodiment.

[0080] Sixth embodiment

[0081] Some embodiments of the present application also provide a control method for a preamplifier system, as shown in Figure 6 The control method is applied to a radiation detector;

[0082] S101, acquiring a radiation particle signal through a radiation detector;

[0083] S102. The radiation particle signal is converted into a voltage signal after processing;

[0084] S103, according to the situation of the oscilloscope display signal, adjusting the parameters to perform zero adjustment and / or baseline adjustment on the voltage signal;

[0085] S104, outputting the adjusted voltage signal.

[0086] Specifically, as shown in Figure 7As shown, after the radiation source generates a signal, the oscilloscope displays the signal, and the zero crossing of the signal is adjusted. If the signal is under-compensated, the value of the adjusting DAC is increased to increase the compensation. If the signal is over-compensated, the value of the adjusting DAC is decreased to decrease the compensation. After the zero crossing is adjusted, the baseline of the signal is adjusted. If the baseline of the signal is less than 0, the value of the input DAC is increased to increase the output DC level. If the baseline of the signal is greater than 0, the value of the input DAC is decreased to decrease the output DC level. When the baseline of the signal is basically maintained at the 0 level, the signal can be output.

[0087] It can be found that, compared with the related art, all the adjustment and control are controlled by the controller MCU through software parameters, so that the parameters can be set and monitored through a program menu without the need of closing the device, disassembling the device or using a special diagnostic device, and manual configuration is not needed through a special device. In the development of a multi-channel spectrometer, the preamplifier system controlled by the program does not affect the index test of the test energy resolution. The introduction of the pulse generator, the MCU and the peripheral circuit greatly increases the practicability of the entire circuit.

[0088] The software provides the following information: preamplifier serial number, detector serial number, detector type, transistor model, recommended high voltage value, HV polarity, output signal polarity, shaping time recommended value, flat top time recommended value, ADC parameter, recommended cooling time, and real-time measurement and display of preamplifier parameters, including FET voltage, FET current, FET drain voltage, preamplifier output voltage, preamplifier resistance feedback output voltage, preamplifier power supply voltage, detector leakage current, HPGe crystal temperature, preamplifier internal temperature, preamplifier internal humidity, preamplifier internal atmospheric pressure, etc.

[0089] Seventh embodiment

[0090] The seventh embodiment is an improvement based on the sixth embodiment, and the improvement is that the control method further includes:

[0091] S201, setting a pulse signal parameter to control generation of a pulse signal;

[0092] S202, converting the pulse signal into a voltage signal after amplification processing;

[0093] S203, adjusting parameters to adjust the voltage signal in zero crossing and / or baseline according to the oscilloscope display signal;

[0094] S204, outputting the adjusted voltage signal, and comparing the pulse signal with the output signal.

[0095] Specifically, asFigure 7 As shown, during preamplifier calibration, the frequency and amplitude of the pulse signal are set via the MCU controller. The pulse generator is then activated to produce the corresponding pulse signal. This pulse signal is amplified and converted into a voltage signal. Based on the signal displayed on the oscilloscope, the polarity (pole and zero) is adjusted. If the signal is undercompensated, the DAC value is increased to increase compensation; if the signal is overcompensated, the DAC value is decreased to decrease compensation. After adjusting the poles and zeros, the signal baseline can be adjusted. When the signal baseline is less than 0, the input DAC value is increased to increase the output DC level; when the signal baseline is greater than 0, the input DAC value is decreased to decrease the output DC level. When the signal baseline is maintained approximately near 0, the signal can be output. The MCU controller uses software to control pulse generation.

[0096] Eighth embodiment

[0097] The eighth embodiment is an improvement on the sixth embodiment. The specific improvement is that, in S102, before the radiation particle signal is processed and converted into a voltage signal, the control method further includes;

[0098] S301. Obtain the temperature of the radiation detector;

[0099] S302. If the temperature of the radiation detector reaches the preset temperature, proceed with the next steps.

[0100] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, before measurement begins, a temperature determination phase is initiated: the PT100 sensor monitors the cold finger temperature of the HPGe detector in real time, and the MCU reads the temperature and voltage signals via the ADC. If the detector has not reached the predetermined temperature, the protection circuit outputs a high-voltage suppression signal, cutting off the high-voltage enabling circuit to ensure no high-voltage damage risk during the crystal heating period; if the detector temperature reaches the preset value, high voltage can be applied to the detector normally. After applying high voltage, the output signal of the front-end circuit can be observed, at which point a pulse generator or radiation source can be used to generate the signal.

[0101] Furthermore, some embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device. The electronic device can be various forms of digital computer, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, etc. The electronic device can also be various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices.

[0102] The electronic device includes one or more processors and a memory having stored computer program instructions that, when executed, cause the processors to perform the steps of the method provided by any one or more embodiments described above. Figure 8 An exemplary structural diagram of the electronic device is disclosed. The electronic device includes one or more processors 1101, a memory 1102, and an interface for connecting the components, including a high-speed interface and a low-speed interface. The components are interconnected by different buses, and can be mounted on a common main board or otherwise as needed. The processor can process instructions executed within the electronic device, including instructions stored in the memory or on the memory to display graphical information of a GUI on an external input / output device, such as a display device coupled to the interface. In some other embodiments, multiple processors and / or buses can be used with multiple memories and multiple memory, if desired. Also, multiple electronic devices can be connected, each device providing part of the necessary operations. Among them, the components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are only examples, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present application described and / or claimed herein.

[0103] The electronic device can also include an input device 1103 and an output device 1104. The processor 1101, the memory 1102, the input device 1103, and the output device 1104 can be connected by a bus or otherwise, and are connected by a bus in the figure as an example.

[0104] The input device 1103 can receive input digital or character information, and generate key signal input related to user settings and function control of the electronic device, such as a touch screen, a keypad, a mouse, a trackpad, a touchpad, a pointing stick, one or more mouse buttons, a trackball, a joystick, etc. The output device 1104 can include a display device, an auxiliary lighting device (e.g., an LED), and a tactile feedback device (e.g., a vibration motor), etc. The display device can include, but is not limited to, a liquid crystal display, a light-emitting diode display, and a plasma display. In some embodiments, the display device can be a touch screen.

[0105] To provide interaction with the user, the electronic device can be a computer. The computer has a display device (e.g., a cathode ray tube or an LCD monitor) for displaying information to the user, and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse) through which the user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (e.g., voice input or tactile input).

[0106] In the embodiments of the present application, the computer program / instruction stored on the computer readable medium is executed by the processor to implement the steps of the method provided by any one or more of the above embodiments. The computer readable medium can be included in the electronic device described in the above embodiments, or can exist separately and not be assembled into the device. The computer readable medium carries one or more computer readable instructions.

[0107] The memory 1102 can be used as a non-transitory computer readable medium to store non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer executable programs and modules. The processor 1101 executes various functions and data processing of the server by running the non-transitory software programs, instructions and modules stored in the memory 1102, so as to implement the program instructions / modules corresponding to the method provided by any one or more of the above embodiments in the embodiments of the present application.

[0108] The memory 1102 can include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area can store an operating system and at least one application program required by a function; the data storage area can store data created according to the use of the electronic device, etc. In addition, the memory 1102 can include a high-speed random access memory, and can also include a non-transitory memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state memory device. In some embodiments, the memory 1102 can optionally include a memory disposed remotely with respect to the processor 1101, and these remote memories can be connected to the electronic device through a network. Examples of the above network include but are not limited to the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and a combination thereof.

[0109] It should be noted that the computer readable medium described in the present application can be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium or any combination of the above two. The computer readable medium may, for example, but is not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared or semiconductor system, device or component, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of computer readable storage media can include, but are not limited to, an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory, a read-only memory, an erasable programmable read-only memory, an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory, an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In the present application, the computer readable medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device or component.

[0110] Computer-readable media includes permanent and non-permanent, movable and non-movable media that can be implemented by any method or technology for information storage. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory, static random access memory, dynamic random access memory, other types of random access memory, read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, flash memory or other memory technologies, read-only optical discs, digital versatile discs or other optical storage, magnetic cassette tapes, magnetic tape discs storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information accessible to a computing device.

[0111] Computer program code for carrying out operations of the present application can be written in one or more programming languages or combinations of languages including object-oriented, such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, conventional procedural programming languages, such as the C programming language or similar programming languages. Program code can be executed entirely on a user computer, partially on a user computer, as a standalone software package, partially on a user computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer can be connected to the user computer through any kind of network, including a local area network or a wide area network, or can be connected to an external computer (for example, using an Internet service provider to connect through the Internet).

[0112] In the above embodiments, all or part can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. For example, a dedicated integrated circuit, a general-purpose computer or any other similar hardware device can be used. In some embodiments, the software program of the present application can be executed by a processor to implement the above steps or functions. Similarly, the software program of the present application (including related data structures) can be stored in a computer-readable recording medium, such as RAM memory, magnetic or optical drive or soft disc and similar devices. In addition, some steps or functions of the present application can be implemented by hardware, for example, as a circuit cooperating with the processor to perform each step or function.

[0113] The computer program product provided by the embodiments of the present application includes one or more computer programs / instructions, which, when executed by a processor, generate all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center through wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. integrated with one or more available media. The available media can be magnetic media (such as floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), optical media (such as DVD), or semiconductor media (such as solid state disk), etc.

[0114] The flowcharts or block diagrams in the drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of devices, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flowcharts or block diagrams can represent a module, a segment, or a portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical functions. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks can occur in a different order than that shown in the figures. For example, two blocks noted in succession can actually be executed substantially concurrently, or they can sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, as well as combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented by dedicated hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or operations, or they can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0115] The scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the description set forth above, and therefore the intent of the specification is to encompass all changes and modifications that fall within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims to the figures in which the reference signs are used. Furthermore, the words "comprise", "comprising", "include", "including" and the like are to be construed in their broadest sense as placing a limitation to the claim rather than as an exclusion of further or additional members, steps or steps. Multiple units or devices recited in a device claim can also be implemented by one unit or device by software or hardware. The words "first", "second" and the like are used only to distinguish descriptions and do not indicate any particular order or importance.

[0116] The above merely provides specific examples of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims, and the above examples should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting.

Claims

1. A preamplifier system, characterized in that, The preamplifier system is used in a radiation detector, and the preamplifier system includes a preamplifier module, a pulse generation module, a signal conditioning module, and a controller. The preamplifier module is used to amplify and impedance match the charge signal output by the radiation detector and / or the pulse generation module, and convert it into a voltage signal. The pulse generation module is used to output a corresponding pulse signal according to the controller control signal and output it to the preamplifier module; The signal conditioning module is used to perform pole-zero adjustment and / or baseline adjustment on the voltage signal output by the preamplifier module according to the control signal of the controller, and output the adjusted voltage signal.

2. The preamplifier system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulse generation module includes a DAC chip, an analog switching chip, and an operational amplifier; The controller controls the DAC chip to output a set current to the operational amplifier. The operational amplifier converts the current into a voltage and outputs it to the analog switch chip. The analog switch chip generates a corresponding pulse signal based on the switch's on / off state.

3. The preamplifier system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal conditioning module includes a CR differentiator, a pole-zero adjustment circuit, a baseline adjustment circuit, and an amplification and integration circuit. The CR differentiator is used to filter out the low-frequency baseline drift of the output voltage signal of the preamplifier module and extract the signal leading edge information. The zero-pole adjustment circuit is used to adjust the voltage signal output by the preamplifier module to zero according to the control signal of the controller. The baseline adjustment circuit is used to perform baseline adjustment on the voltage signal output by the preamplifier module according to the control signal of the controller. The amplification and integration circuit is used to output the signal after pole zero adjustment and / or baseline adjustment.

4. The preamplifier system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preamplifier module is a resistor-capacitor feedback type preamplifier.

5. The preamplifier system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preamplifier system also includes a temperature measurement and protection circuit. The temperature measurement and protection circuit is used to measure the temperature of the radiation detector through a temperature-sensing resistor, convert the resistance value of the temperature-sensing resistor into a voltage, compare the voltage with a threshold voltage, and determine whether to cut off the high voltage to protect the line.

6. A control method for a preamplifier system, characterized in that, The control method is applied to a radiation detector; Obtain radiation particle signals using a radiation detector; The radiation particle signal is processed and converted into a voltage signal; Based on the signal displayed on the oscilloscope, adjust the parameters to perform pole zero adjustment and / or baseline adjustment on the voltage signal; Output the adjusted voltage signal.

7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control method further includes; Set pulse signal parameters to control the generation of pulse signals; The pulse signal is amplified and converted into a voltage signal; Based on the signal displayed on the oscilloscope, adjust the parameters to perform pole zero adjustment and / or baseline adjustment on the voltage signal; The adjusted voltage signal is output, and the pulse signal is compared with the output signal.

8. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Before converting the radiated particle signal into a voltage signal after processing, the control method further includes: Obtain the temperature of the radiation detector; If the radiation detector reaches the preset temperature, proceed with the next steps.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: One or more processors; and A memory storing computer program instructions, which, when executed, cause the processor to perform the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 6 to 8.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program / instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program / instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 6 to 8.

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