Tailing classification density monitoring and automatic regulation and control device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a tailing grading density monitoring and automatic regulating and controlling device and method, and relates to the technical field of mine tailing treatment.The tailing grading density monitoring and automatic regulating and controlling device comprises a cyclone, a tuning fork densimeter and a control system, the control system is electrically connected with the tuning fork densimeter, the tuning fork densimeter is fixed to the cyclone, and an underflow opening and a stirring hopper are arranged on the lower portion of the cyclone; a feeding port and an overflow port are formed in the upper portion of the cyclone, and an electric gate valve is arranged at the rear end of the overflow port and electrically connected with the control system. According to the tailing grading density monitoring and automatic regulation and control device and method, through remote monitoring of the high-precision tuning fork densimeter, quick response of the electric gate valve and a self-adaptive PID control algorithm, it is ensured that the underflow density is stabilized within the preset range and is not affected by slurry supply parameter fluctuation, the grading damming efficiency and safety are remarkably improved, and the working efficiency is improved. The system has the advantages of high integration level, high reliability, accurate metering and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mine tailings treatment, in particular to a tailings grading density monitoring and automatic control device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of mining, tailings treatment is a crucial link. At present, tailings grading dam building technology has been widely applied in many mining enterprises, among which, cyclone as the core equipment of tailings grading and concentration is used to control the underflow density and treatment capacity by adjusting the underflow port diameter, slurry pressure and overflow size. However, the existing tailings grading dam building technology has the following problems: unstable density control: in the traditional tailings grading system, the control of underflow density mainly relies on manual adjustment, which is difficult to adjust parameters in real time and accurately to adapt to the fluctuation of slurry density and pressure, resulting in unstable underflow density. Inaccurate manual measurement: manual measurement and adjustment have great hysteresis and instability, which cannot respond to density changes in time, affecting the grading dam building effect. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a tailings grading density monitoring and automatic control device and method, which can ensure the stability of underflow density by monitoring the underflow density of cyclone in real time and automatically adjusting the opening degree of overflow port, and reduce the instability of manual measurement and adjustment, improve the grading dam building effect and efficiency, and reduce the risk of dam failure.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a tailings grading density monitoring and automatic control device, which comprises a cyclone, a tuning fork densimeter and a control system, the control system is electrically connected with the tuning fork densimeter, the tuning fork densimeter is fixed on the cyclone, the lower part of the cyclone is provided with an underflow port and a stirring hopper, the upper part of the cyclone is provided with an inlet and an overflow port, the rear end of the overflow port is provided with an electric gate valve, and the electric gate valve is electrically connected with the control system.

[0005] Preferably, the control system comprises an upper computer monitoring interface, a double-redundancy communication module and a PLC controller, and the PLC controller is built-in with an adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm.

[0006] Preferably, the tuning fork densimeter is installed in the stirring hopper through the flange side wall and connected with the inner wall of the stirring hopper through a wear-resistant bushing, and the tuning fork densimeter is perpendicular to the flow direction of tailings slurry during stirring.

[0007] Preferably, the tuning fork densimeter adopts vibration type measurement principle, and the measurement accuracy is not more than ±0.15%.

[0008] Preferably, the electric gate valve is equipped with an electric actuator with an adjustment accuracy of no more than ±1%, and the fully open and fully closed action time is adjustable from 0.5 to 20 seconds with a lag time of <0.2 seconds.

[0009] Preferably, the feed inlet is equipped with a pressure sensor and a flow sensor to collect feed pressure and flow data, and both the flow sensor and the pressure sensor are electrically connected to the control system.

[0010] A method for using a tailings grading density monitoring and automatic control device includes the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: Use a tuning fork densitometer to collect the density of the bottom flow tailings slurry in the mixing hopper in real time, and generate a standard signal to transmit to the control system;

[0012] Step 2: The control system compares the real-time density with the preset standard value, and calculates the density deviation Δρ = ρ based on the feed pressure and flow rate data. 实测 -ρ 设定 ;

[0013] Step 3: The control system calculates the target opening degree K of the electric gate valve using an adaptive fuzzy PID algorithm;

[0014] Step 4: The control system converts the opening value K calculated in Step 3 into an opening control signal and inputs it into the electric gate valve. The electric gate valve adjusts the valve opening according to the control signal, changes the overflow flow rate of the overflow port, and thus adjusts the underflow density.

[0015] Step 5: Repeat steps 1 to 4 every 2 minutes to form a closed-loop control, so that the underflow density is stabilized within the preset range.

[0016] Preferably, the formula for calculating the opening degree K in step three is:

[0017] K = K0 + K p ·Δρ+K i ∫Δρdt+K d ·dΔρ / dt;

[0018] In the formula, K0 is the reference opening, K p K is the proportionality coefficient. i K is the integral coefficient. d is the differential coefficient.

[0019] Preferably, in step four, when Δρ>0, the opening is reduced to decrease the density, and when Δρ<0, the opening is increased to increase the density.

[0020] Therefore, the present invention employs the aforementioned tailings grading density monitoring and automatic control device and method, which achieves stable control of the underflow density by real-time monitoring of the hydrocyclone underflow density and automatic adjustment of the overflow port opening, unaffected by fluctuations in slurry supply density and pressure; it uses a high-precision tuning fork density meter with a measurement accuracy of ±0.15%, ensuring the precision of density control; and it combines a high-precision density meter and a fast-response electric gate valve with an advanced PID control algorithm, achieving a system response time in milliseconds, which is safer and more efficient than manual methods.

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the tailings grading density monitoring and automatic control device of the present invention;

[0023] Fig. 2 This is a flowchart of the closed-loop control of the present invention;

[0024] Figure Labels

[0025] 1. Hydrocyclone; 2. Tuning fork density meter; 3. Control system; 4. Electric gate valve; 5. Pressure sensor; 6. Flow sensor; 7. Host computer monitoring interface; 8. Underflow port; 9. Mixing hopper; 10. Feed inlet; 11. Overflow port. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0028] Example

[0029] Please see Figs. 1-2This invention provides a tailings grading density monitoring and automatic control device, including a hydrocyclone 1, a tuning fork density meter 2, and a control system 3. The control system 3 is electrically connected to the tuning fork density meter 2, which is fixed on the hydrocyclone 1. The lower part of the hydrocyclone 1 is provided with an underflow port 8 and a stirring hopper 9, and the upper part of the hydrocyclone 1 is provided with a feed port 10 and an overflow port 11. An electric gate valve 4 is provided at the rear end of the overflow port 11, and the electric gate valve 4 is electrically connected to the control system 3. By using a high-precision density meter and a fast-response electric gate valve, combined with an advanced PID control algorithm, the feedback speed is fast, and the system response time can reach the millisecond level, which is safer and more efficient than manual methods.

[0030] The control system includes a host computer monitoring interface (7), a dual-redundant communication module, and a PLC controller. The PLC controller has a built-in adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm, featuring three-stage liquid level closed-loop feedback control and two-stage PID control functions. It can dynamically adjust the opening of the electric gate valve based on multiple parameters such as density deviation, feed pressure, and feed flow rate, achieving intelligent closed-loop control of underflow density. Through the PID parameter self-tuning function, the system can automatically adapt to changes in different operating conditions without frequent manual adjustments, demonstrating strong adaptability.

[0031] The control system 3 integrates a host computer monitoring interface 7, which supports real-time display of density curves, gate valve opening changes, system fault alarms and other information. It can also set parameters and switch control modes, and has the function of storing and exporting historical data with a storage time of ≥730 days.

[0032] Control system 3 is equipped with dual redundant communication modules, supporting industrial Ethernet protocols such as ModbusTCP and Profinet, enabling real-time data interaction with the mining IoT platform for remote monitoring and parameter configuration.

[0033] The tuning fork density meter 2 is installed inside the mixing hopper 9 via a flange sidewall and connected to the inner wall of the mixing hopper 9 through a wear-resistant bushing. It can be disassembled and maintained without interrupting production. The tuning fork density meter 2 is perpendicular to the flow direction of the tailings slurry during mixing, and the instrument is connected to the control system 3 via a signal line. The tuning fork density meter 2 adopts a vibration measurement principle, with a measurement accuracy of ≤±0.15%. It is resistant to slurry particle impact and adaptable to strong vibration environments, and can operate stably within a temperature range of -40℃ to 85℃. The measurement of the tuning fork density meter 2 is unaffected by slurry viscosity and temperature, has a wide application range, and the tuning fork body is covered with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant layer, making it resistant to slurry erosion, safe, and convenient.

[0034] The electric gate valve 4 is equipped with an electric actuator with an adjustment accuracy of no more than ±1%. The fully open and fully closed action time is adjustable from 0.5 to 20 seconds, and the lag time is <0.2 seconds, enabling precise and rapid adjustment. The actuator has an IP66 protection rating, making it suitable for dusty mining environments. It adopts an IP66 protection-rated electric actuator and an anti-interference design control system, ensuring high reliability and stable operation in harsh mining environments.

[0035] The feed inlet 10 is equipped with a pressure sensor 5 and a flow sensor 6 to collect feed pressure and flow data. Both the flow sensor 6 and the pressure sensor 5 are electrically connected to the control system 3 and are used to collect feed pressure and flow data as feedforward compensation parameters for density control. The control system transmits the collected data from the flow sensor 6 and the pressure sensor 5 to the host computer monitoring interface 7, enabling real-time monitoring of the vortex damming equipment.

[0036] A method for using a tailings grading density monitoring and automatic control device includes the following steps:

[0037] Step 1: When the hydrocyclone damming equipment is working normally, after the tailings slurry is classified by hydrocyclone 1, the denser underflow enters the mixing hopper 9 from the underflow outlet. The density ρ of the underflow slurry in the mixing hopper 9 is measured by tuning fork density meter 2. 实测 The standard signal is generated and transmitted to the control system 3.

[0038] Step 2: Control system 3 compares the real-time density with the preset standard value, and calculates the density deviation Δρ = ρ based on the feed pressure and flow rate data. 实测 -ρ 设定 .

[0039] Step 3: Combining the feed data transmitted to the control system 3 from pressure sensor 5 and flow sensor 6, the target opening value K of the electric gate valve 4 is calculated using an adaptive fuzzy PID algorithm. The formula for calculating the opening K is:

[0040] K = K0 + K p ·Δρ+K i ∫Δρdt+K d ·dΔρ / dt;

[0041] In the formula, K0 is the reference opening, K p K is the proportionality coefficient. i K is the proportionality coefficient. d is the differential coefficient.

[0042] Step 4: The control system 3 converts the calculated opening value K into an opening control signal and inputs it into the electric gate valve 4. The electric gate valve 4 adjusts the valve opening according to the control signal, changes the overflow flow rate of the overflow port, and thus adjusts the underflow density.

[0043] When Δρ>0, the underflow density is too high, that is, the underflow density is higher than the set value → the control center outputs a reduction command → the electric gate valve opening decreases → the overflow decreases → the underflow density decreases; when Δρ<0, it indicates that the underflow density is too low, that is, the underflow density is lower than the set value → the control center outputs a reduction command → the electric gate valve opening increases → the overflow increases → the underflow density increases.

[0044] Step 5: The control system 3 repeats the above monitoring actions at regular intervals to form a closed-loop control of the vortex damming equipment, so that the density of the bottom flow slurry is stabilized within the preset range. The whole process is synchronized to the upper computer monitoring interface 7, and various parameters can be manually set and adjusted on the monitoring interface to realize the monitoring and automatic control of the density of the bottom flow tailings slurry.

[0045] Therefore, the present invention employs the aforementioned tailings grading density monitoring and automatic control device and method. The system has a simple structure, is highly integrated with existing hydrocyclone damming equipment, has low modification costs, and is convenient to operate and maintain. It can significantly improve the efficiency of grading damming, reduce labor costs, and has good economic applicability. The device is highly integrated with existing damming equipment; only a density meter needs to be installed at the underflow end of the hydrocyclone, an electric gate valve at the overflow port, and connected to the control system. No large-scale modification of existing equipment is required, resulting in a high degree of integration. It also boasts a high degree of automation, achieving a fully automated process from density monitoring to adjustment, reducing manual intervention, lowering labor intensity, and improving production safety.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tailings grading density monitoring and automatic control device, characterized in that: The device includes a hydrocyclone, a tuning fork density meter, and a control system. The control system is electrically connected to the tuning fork density meter, which is fixed to the hydrocyclone. The lower part of the hydrocyclone is provided with an underflow port and a stirring hopper, while the upper part of the hydrocyclone is provided with a feed port and an overflow port. An electric gate valve is provided at the rear end of the overflow port, and the electric gate valve is electrically connected to the control system.

2. The tailings grading density monitoring and automatic control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system includes a host computer monitoring interface, a dual redundant communication module, and a PLC controller. The PLC controller has a built-in adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm.

3. The tailings grading density monitoring and automatic control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tuning fork density meter is installed inside the mixing hopper through the flange sidewall and is connected to the inner wall of the mixing hopper through a wear-resistant bushing. The tuning fork density meter is perpendicular to the flow direction of the tailings slurry during mixing.

4. The tailings grading density monitoring and automatic control device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tuning fork density meter adopts the vibration measurement principle, and the measurement accuracy does not exceed ±0.15%.

5. The tailings grading density monitoring and automatic control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electric gate valve is equipped with an electric actuator with an adjustment accuracy of no more than ±1%. The fully open and fully closed action time is adjustable from 0.5 to 20 seconds, and the lag time is <0.2 seconds.

6. The tailings grading density monitoring and automatic control device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feed inlet is equipped with a pressure sensor and a flow sensor to collect feed pressure and flow data. Both the flow sensor and the pressure sensor are electrically connected to the control system.

7. A method of using the tailings grading density monitoring and automatic control device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Use a tuning fork densitometer to collect the density of the bottom flow tailings slurry in the mixing hopper in real time, and generate a standard signal to transmit to the control system; Step 2: The control system compares the real-time density with the preset standard value, and calculates the density deviation Δρ = ρ based on the feed pressure and flow rate data. 实测 -ρ 设定 ; Step 3: The control system calculates the target opening degree K of the electric gate valve using an adaptive fuzzy PID algorithm; Step 4: The control system converts the opening value K calculated in Step 3 into an opening control signal and inputs it into the electric gate valve. The electric gate valve adjusts the valve opening according to the control signal, changes the overflow flow rate of the overflow port, and thus adjusts the underflow density. Step 5: Repeat steps 1 to 4 every 2 minutes to form a closed-loop control, so that the underflow density is stabilized within the preset range.

8. The method of using the tailings grading density monitoring and automatic control device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The formula for calculating the opening degree K in step three is: K=K0+K p ·Δρ+K i ∫Δρdt+K d ·dΔρ / dt; In the formula, K0 is the reference opening, K p K is the proportionality coefficient. i K is the integral coefficient. d is the differential coefficient.

9. The method of using the tailings grading density monitoring and automatic control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step four, when Δρ > 0, the opening is reduced to decrease the density; when Δρ < 0, the opening is increased to increase the density.

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