Method for artificially induced landslides for breaking up rock slopes

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of disaster control of easy sliding slope, more particularly to a method for artificially inducing landslide of broken rock slope. After determining the preset sliding surface, the present application further comprises the following steps: setting multiple directional drill holes at intervals at the intersection of the lower edge of the preset sliding surface and the outer surface of the slope; setting multiple slope surface reinforcement anchor rods in an array on the outer surface of the slope, the slope surface reinforcement anchor rods being located at the set positions of the area below the preset sliding body; spraying rock hydrolysis catalyst into the directional drill holes; laying resonance wave generating devices in the safe area below the preset landslide body, and exciting the resonance effect of the micro fissures of the bedrock of the slope by using the resonance wave generating devices; setting load bodies at the positions where the upper edge of the preset sliding surface intersects with the outer surface of the slope, and waiting for the preset landslide body to be destroyed by landslide under the load of the load bodies. The present application can conveniently and accurately realize the active control of broken rock slope prone to landslide disaster.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of disaster management technology for easily sliding slopes, and more specifically relates to an artificially induced landslide method for fractured rock slopes. Background Technology

[0002] Among engineering geological hazards, landslides are widely distributed, occur frequently, and cause great harm, making them a primary target for geological disaster prevention and control in my country. The deformation and failure mechanisms of landslide deposits are extremely complex, difficult to predict, and challenging to manage. Instability can lead to massive surges or the formation of landslide dams, resulting in severe secondary disasters. Currently, a common proactive mitigation method involves artificially inducing landslide-prone slopes to slide pre-emptively to the area below the slope and then clearing the debris.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN110306569A discloses a controllable artificially induced landslide system. This system includes a slope to be treated, a pre-set sliding surface, a pre-set landslide body, water-pressurized branch pipes, a main water-pressurized pipe, a water pump, and a pressure gauge. The main water-pressurized pipe is laid on the existing surface of the slope to be treated. Multiple water-pressurized branch pipes are spaced apart within the pre-set landslide body. The water pump and pressure gauge are connected to the main water-pressurized pipe. The branch pipes include perforated sections and perforated sections, with multiple water outlets on the perforated sections. This invention, based on engineering needs, artificially pre-sets a sliding surface on a potential landslide body and uses high-pressure water injection to induce and control the pre-set landslide body to slide to a safe position, thus eliminating the landslide hazard. This method is applicable to soil slopes but not to fractured rock slopes.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent document CN113152489A discloses a structure and construction method for inducing landslides in accumulators. It also involves setting up high-pressure water injection pipes at potential sliding surfaces inside the slope, and replenishing and pressurizing the water through high-level continuous water supply pipes to induce the landslide area of ​​the accumulator to slide.

[0005] For example, Chinese patent document CN110306566A discloses a method for inducing landslides through distributed high-pressure water injection. First, a preset sliding surface is selected, and relevant parameters of the landslide body, such as the safety factor and critical injection pressure, are calculated. Then, high-pressure water is injected into the preset sliding surface, allowing it to seep into the soil and reduce the slope's resistance to sliding, ultimately leading to instability and sliding. This method is also only applicable to soil slopes. Theoretically, the landslide volume can be controlled by artificially controlling the preset sliding surface; however, the seepage of water into the slope body is often uncontrollable, posing certain risks.

[0006] For fractured rock slopes that are prone to landslides, existing technologies lack feasible proactive remediation solutions. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an artificial landslide induction method for fractured rock slopes, which can conveniently and accurately realize the active treatment of fractured rock slopes prone to landslide disasters.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for artificially inducing landslides on fractured rock slopes, which, after determining the preset sliding surface, further includes the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Take the outer contour line formed by the intersection of the lower edge of the preset sliding surface and the outer surface of the slope as the borehole distribution line, and set multiple directional boreholes at intervals along the borehole distribution line on the outer surface of the slope. The axial extension direction of each directional borehole is consistent with the extension direction of the lower part of the preset sliding surface.

[0010] Step 2: Install multiple slope reinforcement anchors in an array on the outer surface of the slope. The slope reinforcement anchors are located at predetermined positions in the area below the borehole distribution line.

[0011] Step 3: Spray rock hydrolysis catalyst into the directional borehole;

[0012] Step 4: Deploy a resonant wave generator in the safe area below the pre-set landslide body. Use the resonant wave generator to perform frequency sweep analysis to determine the natural frequency of the bedrock of the slope in the area where the pre-set sliding surface is located. Then adjust the resonant wave frequency of the resonant wave generator to match the natural frequency of the bedrock of the slope in the area where the pre-set sliding surface is located, so as to stimulate the resonance effect of the micro-cracks in the bedrock of the slope.

[0013] Step 5: Place a load-bearing body at the intersection of the edge of the preset sliding surface and the outer surface of the slope, and wait for the preset landslide body to fail under the load of the load-bearing body.

[0014] The preferred embodiment is that the rock hydrolysis catalyst sprayed in step three is powdered mesoporous SiO2 coated with iron citrate.

[0015] A further preferred embodiment is that, in step three, after spraying powdered mesoporous SiO2 coated with ferric citrate, a set amount of water is sprayed into the directional drilling hole.

[0016] The preferred embodiment is that the resonant wave generating device deployed in step four is installed inside the U-shaped vibration isolation wall, with the side opening of the U-shaped vibration isolation wall facing the preset landslide body.

[0017] The preferred option is that, in step four, when setting up the resonance wave generating device, a safety retaining wall is installed on the side of the resonance wave generating device that is close to the preset landslide body.

[0018] The preferred embodiment is that the load-bearing body used in step five is a spherical counterweight; multiple load-bearing bodies are arranged at intervals along the intersection line between the upper edge of the preset sliding surface and the outer surface of the slope.

[0019] The preferred embodiment is that the directional drilling axis set in step one has an inclination angle of 10° to 20° relative to the horizontal plane, the depth of the directional drilling is 2m to 3m, the diameter of the directional drilling is 8cm to 12cm, and the distance between the axes of two adjacent directional drillings on the drilling distribution line is 1.5m to 2.5m.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0021] (1) By using chemical catalysis-resonance wave synergistic technology (i.e., “using rock hydrolysis catalyst to hydrolyze and weaken rock” + “using resonance wave generator to stimulate the resonance effect of micro-cracks in bedrock of slope”), the precision control of the sliding surface (with small deviation) is achieved; by using the combination of chemical catalysis-resonance wave synergistic technology in the lower region of the preset sliding body and loading on the edge of the preset sliding surface, the preset sliding body slides strictly according to the design path, solving the problem of uncontrollable sliding surface in traditional methods.

[0022] (2) The load-bearing body is a spherical counterweight that can roll down with the pre-set landslide body, eliminating the risk of the load equipment being stuck. It can also be easily recycled and reused for the next loading, saving costs.

[0023] (3) The rock hydrolysis catalyst is coated with iron citrate in powdered mesoporous SiO2, which is efficient, economical and environmentally friendly. Furthermore, its rapid reaction characteristics enable it to rapidly hydrolyze with the surrounding rocks. If a landslide occurs and there are residual rock hydrolysis catalysts, the rock hydrolysis catalysts can also degrade on their own and be converted into soil components, achieving zero chemical pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar layout during the implementation of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the elevation layout during the implementation of this invention;

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of the area where the directional drilling is located.

[0028] The components in the diagram are labeled as follows: 1. Pre-set sliding surface, 2. Outer surface of slope, 3. Directional borehole, 4. Slope reinforcement anchor, 5. Resonance wave generator, 6. Pre-set landslide body, 7. Loading body, 8. U-shaped vibration isolation wall, 9. Safety retaining wall. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Please see Figures 1 to 3 This invention discloses a method for artificially inducing landslides on fractured rock slopes, which, after determining the preset sliding surface 1, further includes the following steps:

[0031] Step 1: Take the outer contour line formed by the intersection of the lower edge of the preset sliding surface 1 and the outer surface 2 of the slope as the borehole distribution line, and set multiple directional boreholes 3 at intervals along the borehole distribution line on the outer surface 2 of the slope. The axial extension direction of each directional borehole 3 is consistent with the extension direction of the lower part of the preset sliding surface 1.

[0032] Step 2: Multiple slope reinforcement anchors 4 are arrayed on the outer surface 2 of the slope. The slope reinforcement anchors 4 are located at a predetermined position in the area below the borehole distribution line.

[0033] Step 3: Spray rock hydrolysis catalyst into directional borehole 3;

[0034] Step 4: Install a resonance wave generator 5 in the safe area below the preset landslide body 6. Use the resonance wave generator 5 to perform frequency sweep analysis to determine the natural frequency of the bedrock of the slope in the area where the preset sliding surface 1 is located. Then adjust the resonance wave frequency of the resonance wave generator 5 to match the natural frequency of the bedrock of the slope in the area where the preset sliding surface 1 is located, so as to stimulate the resonance effect of the micro-cracks in the bedrock of the slope.

[0035] Step 5: Place the loading body 7 at the intersection of the upper edge of the preset sliding surface 1 and the outer surface 2 of the slope, and wait for the preset landslide body 6 to fail under the load of the loading body 7. The loading body 7 generally applies the load using its own weight.

[0036] Understandably, the specific method for determining the preset sliding surface 1 can be found in existing technologies (e.g., Chinese patent document with publication number CN110306566A). During implementation, the volume of the preset landslide body 6 for each slide can be limited according to the actual situation of the potential landslide body. Based on the total volume of the potential landslide body, multiple preset sliding surfaces 1 are set on the potential landslide body, dividing it into multiple parts. Slides are induced step-by-step from the slope surface. When there are multiple preset sliding surfaces 1, steps one through five above can be repeated. (The slope reinforcement anchors 4 arranged in step two for the previous induced landslide should, as far as possible, not affect the subsequent induced landslide; if there is an impact, it should be eliminated before the subsequent induced landslide). "Preset landslide body 6" refers to the slope structure corresponding to the upper surface of each preset sliding surface 1 for a single artificially induced slide.

[0037] "The axial extension direction of the directional drilling 3 is consistent with the extension direction of the lower part of the preset sliding surface 1" means that the directional drilling 3 is drilled at a certain angle upward from the horizontal. It can be drilled along a straight line or along a curve with a certain arc. To simplify the drilling process, it is usually drilled along a straight line.

[0038] The specific layout parameters of the directional boreholes 3 and the slope reinforcement anchors 4 can be reasonably determined by those skilled in the art based on the actual geological parameters. The inclination angle of the directional boreholes 3 relative to the horizontal plane can generally be designed to be about 15° (e.g., 10° to 20°). The depth of the directional boreholes 3 is generally 2m to 3m. Given that the fractured rock slope itself has many cracks, the diameter of the directional boreholes 3 does not need to be too large, about 10cm (e.g., 8cm to 12cm) is sufficient. The distance between the axes of two adjacent directional boreholes 3 and the borehole distribution line is generally about 2m (e.g., 1.5m to 2.5m). The main function of the slope reinforcement anchors 4 is to fix the lower rock mass to ensure that the lower rock mass will not slide after subsequent induced sliding. Based on this principle, a reasonable design can be carried out. The slope reinforcement anchors 4 can generally be arranged in multiple rows along the slope direction, with multiple anchors arranged in each row. The distance between the axis of the top row of slope reinforcement anchors 4 and the lowest point of the borehole distribution line on the outer surface 2 of the slope along the slope direction is generally designed to be about 1m. "Slope direction" refers to the direction in which the original slope extends.

[0039] The resonance wave generator 5 is an existing complete set of equipment, with a working frequency band of 0.1Hz to 50Hz, and its usage is common knowledge to those skilled in the art. This invention uses frequency sweep analysis technology to determine the natural frequency of the bedrock of the slope and adjusts the resonance wave frequency to precisely match it, thereby stimulating the resonance effect of micro-fractures in the rock mass. After spraying the rock hydrolysis catalyst in the directional borehole 3, the periodic vibration generated by the resonance wave promotes the deep penetration of the rock hydrolysis catalyst into the fracture network, enhancing its contact area and reaction efficiency with the rock mass. This invention, through frequency matching and vibration synergy, can significantly improve the accuracy and efficiency of the catalytic reaction, achieving precise rock mass damage through chemical-physical synergy. By employing the aforementioned chemical catalysis-resonance wave synergy technology in the lower region of the preset sliding body 6, combined with the method of loading the upper edge of the preset sliding surface 1 using the loading body 7, the preset sliding body 6 slides strictly along the designed path, solving the problem of uncontrollable sliding surfaces in traditional methods.

[0040] The rock hydrolysis catalyst can be any chemical catalyst capable of weakening the rock. In this invention, the rock hydrolysis catalyst sprayed in step three is preferably powdered mesoporous SiO2 coated with ferric citrate. Mesoporous SiO2 coated with ferric citrate is a nanoscale composite material. Mesoporous SiO2 is a high specific surface area material (>1000 m² / g) with a pore size of 2 nm to 50 nm, possessing regular channels and excellent chemical stability. Its surface can be modified by loading metal ions or organic molecules, providing a structural basis for coating ferric citrate. The mesoporous SiO2 shell effectively protects the internal ferric citrate, preventing its activity from being degraded. The internal ferric citrate (Fe... 3+ With citric acid (C6H5O7) 3- The complex of the compound is environmentally friendly and will autodegrade when the pH value is greater than 9 (in the ultrabasic and metamorphic rock slopes targeted by this invention, the pH of the pore water in the rock mass after rainfall is usually between 8.5 and 10.5, which can meet the autodegradation requirements under certain conditions). Its products are ferric hydroxide (Fe(OH)3) and citrate (C6H5O7). 3- ) and silicate (SiO3) 2- The chemical formula for the reaction between the rock hydrolysis catalyst and the slope rock is as follows:

[0041] ,

[0042] As can be seen from the above chemical formula, the rock hydrolysis catalyst used in this invention is mainly targeted at magnesium silicate in bedrock. In ultrabasic rocks and some metamorphic rocks, magnesium silicate minerals account for 50% to 95% in ultrabasic rocks (peridotite, dunite) and 40% to 100% in metamorphic rocks (serpentinite, talc schist). Therefore, the rock hydrolysis catalyst used in this method can react well with such rocks and reduce their strength, providing a basis for artificially induced landslides.

[0043] In step three, after spraying the powdered mesoporous SiO2 to coat the ferric citrate, it should be ensured that it adheres evenly to the inner wall of the directional borehole 3. To facilitate a rapid hydrolysis reaction, the preferred method is to spray a predetermined amount of water into the directional borehole 3 after spraying the powdered mesoporous SiO2 to coat the ferric citrate. The amount of water sprayed can be reasonably determined according to the actual geological conditions.

[0044] To better ensure the safety of operators, the resonance wave generating device 5 deployed in step four is preferably installed inside the U-shaped vibration isolation wall 8, with the side opening of the U-shaped vibration isolation wall 8 facing the preset landslide body 6. Operators can generally wear damping and vibration-damping clothing and operate from the outer area of ​​the U-shaped vibration isolation wall 8.

[0045] To better ensure the safety of on-site equipment and personnel, in step four, when setting up the resonance wave generating device 5, it is preferable to equip the side of the resonance wave generating device 5 close to the preset landslide body 6 with a safety retaining wall 9. The safety retaining wall 9 can be reasonably arranged based on the principle of effectively blocking the landslide body and the rolling load body 7.

[0046] The loading body 7 used in step five is preferably a spherical counterweight; multiple loading bodies 7 are arranged at intervals along the intersection line between the upper edge of the preset sliding surface 1 and the outer surface 2 of the slope. The spherical counterweight can easily roll down with the preset landslide body, eliminating the risk of the load equipment remaining, and can be easily recycled for the next loading, saving costs. The loading body 7 can generally be made of reinforced concrete spheres.

[0047] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for artificially inducing landslides on fractured rock slopes, characterized in that, After determining the preset sliding surface (1), the following steps are also included: Step 1: Take the outer contour line formed by the intersection of the lower edge of the preset sliding surface (1) and the outer surface of the slope (2) as the borehole distribution line, and set multiple directional boreholes (3) at intervals along the borehole distribution line on the outer surface of the slope (2). The axial extension direction of each directional borehole (3) is consistent with the extension direction of the lower part of the preset sliding surface (1). Step 2: Multiple slope reinforcement anchors (4) are arrayed on the outer surface (2) of the slope, and the slope reinforcement anchors (4) are located at a set position in the area below the borehole distribution line; Step 3: Spray rock hydrolysis catalyst into the directional borehole (3); Step 4: Install a resonance wave generator (5) in the safe area below the pre-set landslide body (6), use the resonance wave generator (5) to perform frequency sweep analysis to determine the natural frequency of the bedrock of the slope in the area where the pre-set sliding surface (1) is located, and then adjust the resonance wave frequency of the resonance wave generator (5) to match the natural frequency of the bedrock of the slope in the area where the pre-set sliding surface (1) is located, so as to stimulate the resonance effect of the micro-cracks in the bedrock of the slope. Step 5: Set up a load-bearing body (7) at the position where the upper edge of the preset sliding surface (1) intersects with the outer surface of the slope (2), and wait for the preset landslide body (6) to undergo landslide failure under the load of the load-bearing body (7).

2. The method for artificially inducing landslides on fractured rock slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rock hydrolysis catalyst sprayed in step three is powdered mesoporous SiO2 coated with iron citrate.

3. The method for artificially inducing landslides on fractured rock slopes according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step three, after spraying powdered mesoporous SiO2 coated iron citrate, a set amount of water is sprayed into the directional drilling hole (3).

4. The method for artificially inducing landslides on fractured rock slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resonance wave generating device (5) deployed in step four is set inside the U-shaped vibration isolation wall (8), and the side opening of the U-shaped vibration isolation wall (8) faces the preset landslide body (6).

5. The method for artificially inducing landslides on fractured rock slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step four, when setting up the resonance wave generating device (5), a safety retaining wall (9) is provided on the side of the resonance wave generating device (5) close to the preset landslide body (6).

6. The method for artificially inducing landslides on fractured rock slopes according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The load-bearing body (7) used in step five is a spherical counterweight. Multiple load-bearing bodies (7) are arranged at intervals along the intersection line between the upper edge of the preset sliding surface (1) and the outer surface (2) of the slope.

7. The method for artificially inducing landslides on fractured rock slopes according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The directional borehole (3) set in step one has an inclination angle of 10° to 20° relative to the horizontal plane, a depth of 2m to 3m, a diameter of 8cm to 12cm, and a distance of 1.5m to 2.5m between the axes of two adjacent directional boreholes (3) on the borehole distribution line.

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