Grasshopper-based complex curved surface curtain wall modeling method

Abstract

The invention discloses a Grasshopper-based complex curved surface curtain wall modeling method, and relates to the technical field of digital design and construction of buildings, and the method comprises the steps: firstly inputting the geometric dimension, load parameters, thermal expansion coefficient, material attributes and environmental parameters of a curtain wall into a parameterization platform at an input end, and generating an original curtain wall model; performing topological optimization and geometric correction on the original curtain wall model through curved surface reconstruction to obtain a reference curtain wall model; performing grid segmentation on the reference curved surface based on a discrete differential geometry method, and calculating the size of a unit plate; constructing a structural system by utilizing a finite element analysis module and a parameterized platform; according to deformation characteristics of glass plates and installation components, parameterization adjustment is conducted on construction nodes to compensate errors, the planarization size of a unit plate and the sectional size of a frame are optimized, construction data are finally output, multi-parameter digital automatic linkage of the complex curved surface curtain wall from design to construction is achieved, and therefore the modeling precision and efficiency of the complex curtain wall are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of digital architectural design and construction technology, and in particular to a method for modeling complex curved curtain walls based on Grasshopper. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing complexity of architectural design, curved curtain walls have gradually become an important trend in modern building facade design. Complex curved curtain walls not only meet diverse design needs in terms of aesthetics, but also reflect a deep integration of structural mechanics, materials science, and computer-aided design. However, in existing modeling and design processes, the modeling methods for complex curved curtain walls often rely on traditional 3D modeling software for geometric construction and detailed modification. While these methods can achieve the desired shape to a certain extent, they have significant limitations in subsequent parameter modification and performance optimization.

[0003] Currently, widely used parametric modeling tools, such as Grasshopper, have been incorporated into the curtain wall modeling process. Grasshopper uses a node-based logical connection method, enabling designers to quickly create geometric models and perform certain parametric controls on them.

[0004] However, in existing applications, the modeling of complex curved curtain walls still focuses on controlling a single or limited number of input parameters. For example, during the design process, only certain geometric dimensions are parameterized. Once the initial input conditions need to be adjusted or new external constraints are introduced, the entire model often fails, requiring manual intervention to readjust the modeling logic. This not only results in low modeling efficiency but also increases the time and manpower costs in the design and optimization process.

[0005] Furthermore, existing modeling processes are insufficient in handling multi-dimensional and multi-disciplinary data inputs. Complex curved curtain wall designs often require comprehensive consideration of multiple factors such as architectural morphological parameters, structural stress conditions, curtain wall segmentation logic, and material properties, but existing methods struggle to achieve automatic linkage and result feedback for multiple parameter inputs. When design input conditions change, the lack of effective automated update and optimization mechanisms makes it easy for models and optimization processes to be scrapped and rebuilt, resulting in a huge waste of human and time costs during the project implementation cycle.

[0006] In summary, the existing technology has at least the following technical problems: The lack of an automated linkage mechanism for multi-parameter input in the existing modeling process of complex curved curtain walls leads to low efficiency in modification and reconstruction during the modeling process, as well as excessive investment of manpower and time. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a complex curved curtain wall modeling method based on Grasshopper, so as to solve the technical problem that the lack of an automated linkage mechanism for multi-parameter input in the existing complex curved curtain wall modeling process leads to low efficiency in modification and reconstruction during the modeling process and excessive investment of manpower and time costs.

[0008] The preferred technical solutions among the many technical solutions provided by this invention can produce a variety of technical effects, which are described in detail below.

[0009] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a method for modeling complex curved curtain walls based on Grasshopper, including the following steps: S1, Input modeling parameters: Input the required geometric dimensions, load parameters, thermal expansion coefficient, material properties and environmental parameters of the curtain wall with complex curved surfaces to be built into the Grasshopper parametric platform at the input end to generate the original curtain wall model; S2. Reference Surface Reconstruction: The original curtain wall model is topologically optimized and geometrically accurate by NURBS surface reconstruction to generate a reference curtain wall model with at least C2 order continuity, so as to ensure the smoothness of the reference surface of the reference curtain wall model in terms of position, tangent and curvature. S3. Surface segmentation and unit size calculation: Based on the discrete differential geometry method, the reference surface is segmented into multiple unit panels. Combined with the maximum deflection formula and thermal expansion formula of the glass sheet of the curtain wall under uniform pressure, the dimensional parameters of the long side, short side and thickness of each unit panel are calculated and determined. S4. Parametric Modeling of Structural System: The cross-sectional dimensions of the main and secondary load-bearing members of the curtain wall installation components are calculated using the finite element analysis module of the Grasshopper parametric platform, and their topological relationships are input into the Grasshopper parametric platform to intelligently generate the structural system for installing the curtain wall. S5. Parametric calculation of structural nodes: Based on the material deformation values ​​of the glass sheet and the installation components, the adjustable deformation of the structural nodes of the structural system is set to compensate for installation errors and thermal expansion differences, thereby ensuring the assembly feasibility of the curtain wall. S6. Economic Optimization and Construction Refinement: By introducing and calling the material cost database and combining it with the gradient descent method, the planar cutting size of the unit plate is optimized, the frame cross section of the unit plate is adaptively adjusted, and finally the construction nodes of the structural system are adjusted. S7. Construction Data Output: Output construction drawings, spatial coordinate matrices, and CNC machining data through the data interface of the Grasshopper parametric platform for the digital construction of the curtain wall with complex curved surfaces.

[0010] In one embodiment, step S2, the NURBS surface reconstruction process includes the following steps: discretization sampling: the surface of the original curtain wall model is meshed for sampling to extract the coordinates, normal vectors and curvature radius data of key sampling points, and the original surface is digitized. Control point fitting and reconstruction: Based on the data extracted from the sampling points, a NURBS control point array is generated by least squares fitting, and curvature continuity constraints are introduced during the fitting process to ensure that the generated surface meets aesthetic and stress requirements under at least C2 order continuity, which is used to generate the reconstructed surface; Surface error correction: The reconstructed surface is compared with the original surface. When the deviation exceeds the preset tolerance threshold, the position of the NURBS control point is automatically adjusted. Topology optimization: Constraint optimization methods are used to reduce the number of redundant NURBS control points and generate simplified surfaces with accuracy that meet construction requirements, thereby reducing computational complexity and improving construction accuracy; Output reference surface: The simplified surface is output as the reference surface, which serves as the geometric basis for surface segmentation and unit size calculation of the curtain wall, parametric modeling of the structural system, and parametric calculation of construction nodes.

[0011] In one embodiment, the preset tolerance threshold in the error correction is ±2mm.

[0012] In one embodiment, in step S3, the formula for calculating the mechanical dimensions of the unit plate is: ; in, P To distribute pressure evenly, l For the short side of the glass, E For elastic modulus, I Let be the moment of inertia of the cross section; in a rectangular cross section, , b For the long side of the glass, h Let the thickness of the glass be the reference value; and combine this with the thermal expansion formula: ;in, The coefficient 2 represents the change in surface area due to thermal expansion of the glass, and the coefficient 2 represents the length and width of the glass sheet. is the coefficient of linear expansion of glass. The change in temperature The initial area of ​​the glass is given; after calculation, the area of ​​the glass sheet of the unit panel of the curtain wall is determined, thereby determining the dimensional parameters.

[0013] In one embodiment, in step S4, the spacing between the main load-bearing members and the secondary load-bearing members of the curtain wall installation components is optimized by combining the rules of ergonomics and architectural visual factors. This optimizes the installation components so that they meet mechanical performance requirements while forming a numerically matched structural system with the building components such as beams, columns, and railings to which the curtain wall is attached, thereby determining the position of the installation components.

[0014] In one embodiment, in step S5, the construction node uses parameterized calculation of adjustable deformation to compensate in real time for the thermal expansion and stress deformation of the glass sheet of the unit plate, in order to adaptively compensate for dimensional and positional deviations during the installation process.

[0015] In one embodiment, in step S6, the planar cutting size optimization of the unit plate adopts a plate planarization algorithm. Based on the principle of minimum surface unfolding, the surface of the unit plate is unfolded and calculated to determine the planar cutting size of the glass sheet of each unit plate within the bending range.

[0016] In one embodiment, step S6, the adaptive adjustment of the frame section of the unit panel includes: compensating for the height difference and thickness difference of the node dimensions of the planar-cut glass sheet so that the planar-cut glass sheet matches the curved surface position corresponding to the unit panel of the curtain wall.

[0017] In one implementation, the construction data output in step S7 includes: two-dimensional construction drawings, three-dimensional spatial coordinate matrix, and digital processing data compatible with CNC machining systems or robot machining systems.

[0018] In one embodiment, multi-parameter association logic is established on the Grasshopper parametric platform through steps S1 to S7. When the geometric dimensions, load parameters, coefficient of thermal expansion, material properties and environmental parameters at the input end are adjusted, the update of the reference curtain wall model and construction data is automatically driven.

[0019] This invention addresses the technical problems in existing complex curved curtain wall modeling processes, such as the lack of a multi-parameter input automated linkage mechanism, leading to low modification and reconstruction efficiency and excessive manpower and time costs. It proposes a Grasshopper-based method for modeling complex curved curtain walls, which offers the following advantages: (1) Automatic linkage of multiple parameters: This invention establishes the linkage relationship between the input conditions of geometric dimensions, load parameters, thermal expansion coefficient, material properties and environmental parameters through the Grasshopper parametric platform, realizes the dynamic driving of input parameters, and enables the modeling process to be automatically updated when the input conditions change, avoiding the problem of repeated manual modification and reconstruction in traditional methods, and greatly improving design efficiency.

[0020] (2) Improved geometric accuracy: In the process of reconstructing the reference surface, the present invention introduces NURBS surface reconstruction and C2 order continuity constraint to perform topology optimization and geometric correction on the original model, so as to ensure that the generated reference surface remains smooth in terms of position, tangent and curvature, thereby satisfying the aesthetic requirements of the building appearance and ensuring the accuracy of subsequent construction and processing.

[0021] (3) Mechanical and environmental adaptability; by combining the deflection formula and thermal expansion formula of the glass panels of the curtain wall under uniform pressure, the size parameters of each unit panel of the curtain wall are accurately determined, so that the curtain wall has good stability and safety under structural stress and temperature change conditions.

[0022] (4) Intelligent structural system generation: With the help of the finite element analysis module, the cross-sectional dimensions of the main and secondary stress members are automatically calculated, and the Grasshopper parametric platform is driven by the topology relationship to generate a complete structural system, which ensures the rationality of the curtain wall structure and the feasibility of construction.

[0023] (5) Enhanced installation adaptability: The introduction of adjustable deformation in the design of the curtain wall structural nodes can compensate for the differences caused by installation errors and thermal expansion and contraction of glass during construction, thereby improving the flexibility and reliability of curtain wall assembly.

[0024] (6) Economy and constructability: By introducing a material cost database and gradient descent optimization method, the glass plate cutting size and frame cross section of the unit panel are optimized, which can reduce material waste and construction costs while ensuring mechanical performance and aesthetic effect.

[0025] (7) Digital construction direct connection; output includes construction drawings, spatial coordinate matrix and CNC machining data, realizing the full-process digital connection from design to construction, avoiding manual secondary conversion, and improving construction efficiency and accuracy.

[0026] In summary, the technical solution of the complex curved curtain wall modeling method of the present invention not only solves the problems of low efficiency and high cost in the existing technology of complex curved curtain wall modeling, but also improves geometric accuracy, mechanical safety, construction feasibility and economy, thereby improving the integration level of complex curved curtain wall modeling and construction. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the complex curved surface curtain wall modeling method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating step S2 in the complex curved surface curtain wall modeling method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] A specific implementation provides a Grasshopper-based method for modeling complex curved surface curtain walls. This method includes: first, inputting the curtain wall's geometric dimensions, load parameters, thermal expansion coefficient, material properties, and environmental parameters into a parametric platform to generate an original curtain wall model; then, performing topology optimization and geometric correction on the original curtain wall model through surface reconstruction to obtain a reference curtain wall model; meshing the reference surface based on discrete differential geometry and calculating the unit panel dimensions; constructing a structural system using a finite element analysis module and a parametric platform; adjusting the construction nodes parametrically to compensate for errors and optimize the planar dimensions of unit panels and the frame cross-sectional dimensions based on the deformation characteristics of the glass panels and installation components; finally, outputting construction drawings, spatial coordinate matrices, and CNC machining data to achieve digital construction of the complex curved surface curtain wall and multi-parameter digital automatic linkage from design to construction, thereby improving the accuracy, efficiency, and construction feasibility of complex curtain wall modeling; effectively solving the technical problem of the lack of an automated linkage mechanism for multi-parameter input in existing complex curved surface curtain wall modeling processes, leading to low efficiency in modification and reconstruction during the modeling process and excessive investment of manpower and time.

[0031] The first implementation of a complex curved surface curtain wall modeling method is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the steps are as follows, implemented in the order of S1 to S7: S1, Input modeling parameters: Input the required geometric dimensions, load parameters, coefficient of thermal expansion, material properties and environmental parameters of the curtain wall with complex curved surfaces to be built into the Grasshopper parametric platform to generate the original curtain wall model. S2. Reference Surface Reconstruction: The original curtain wall model is topologically optimized and geometrically accurate by NURBS surface reconstruction to generate a reference curtain wall model with at least C2 order continuity, so as to ensure the smoothness of the reference surface of the reference curtain wall model in terms of position, tangent and curvature. S3. Surface segmentation and unit size calculation: Based on the discrete differential geometry method, the reference surface is segmented into multiple unit panels. Combined with the maximum deflection formula and thermal expansion formula of the glass sheet of the curtain wall under uniform pressure, the dimensional parameters of the long side, short side and thickness of each unit panel are calculated and determined. S4. Parametric Modeling of Structural System: The cross-sectional dimensions of the main and secondary load-bearing members of the curtain wall installation components are calculated using the finite element analysis module of the Grasshopper parametric platform, and their topological relationships are input into the Grasshopper parametric platform to intelligently generate the structural system for installing the curtain wall. S5. Parametric calculation of structural nodes: Based on the material deformation values ​​of the glass sheet and the installation components, the adjustable deformation of the structural nodes of the structural system is set to compensate for installation errors and thermal expansion differences, thereby ensuring the assembly feasibility of the curtain wall. S6. Economic Optimization and Construction Refinement: By introducing and calling the material cost database and combining it with the gradient descent method, the planar cutting size of the unit plate is optimized, the frame cross section of the unit plate is adaptively adjusted, and finally the construction nodes of the structural system are adjusted. S7. Construction Data Output: Output construction drawings, spatial coordinate matrices, and CNC machining data through the data interface of the Grasshopper parametric platform for the digital construction of the curtain wall with complex curved surfaces.

[0032] Specifically, addressing the technical problems in existing complex curved curtain wall modeling processes, such as the lack of an automated multi-parameter input linkage mechanism leading to low modification and reconstruction efficiency and excessive manpower and time costs, this invention proposes a Grasshopper-based complex curved curtain wall modeling method. This method offers several technical advantages for the digital construction of complex curved curtain walls: Automatic multi-parameter linkage. This invention establishes a linkage relationship between input conditions such as geometric dimensions, load parameters, thermal expansion coefficients, material properties, and environmental parameters through the Grasshopper parametric platform. This enables dynamic driving of input parameters, allowing the modeling process to automatically update when input conditions change. This avoids the problem of repeated manual modification and reconstruction required in traditional methods, significantly improving design efficiency.

[0033] Improved geometric accuracy: This invention introduces NURBS surface reconstruction and C2-order continuity constraints during the reconstruction of the reference surface, performs topology optimization and geometric correction on the original model, and ensures that the generated reference surface remains smooth in terms of position, tangent and curvature, thereby satisfying both the aesthetic requirements of the building appearance and ensuring the accuracy of subsequent construction and processing.

[0034] Mechanical and environmental adaptability: By combining the deflection formula and thermal expansion formula of the glass panels of the curtain wall under uniform pressure, the dimensional parameters of each unit panel of the curtain wall are accurately determined, so that the curtain wall has good stability and safety under structural stress and temperature change conditions.

[0035] The intelligent structural system is generated by automatically calculating the cross-sectional dimensions of the main and secondary load-bearing members using the finite element analysis module. It then drives the Grasshopper parametric platform through topological relationships to generate a complete structural system, ensuring the rationality of the curtain wall structure and the feasibility of its construction.

[0036] Enhanced installation adaptability: Adjustable deformation is introduced into the design of the curtain wall's structural nodes, which can compensate for installation errors and differences caused by the thermal expansion and contraction of glass during construction, thereby improving the flexibility and reliability of curtain wall assembly.

[0037] Economic efficiency and constructability are achieved by introducing a material cost database and gradient descent optimization method to optimize the glass sheet cutting size and frame cross-section of unit panels, thereby reducing material waste and construction costs while ensuring mechanical performance and aesthetic effects.

[0038] Digital construction is directly connected, outputting construction drawings, spatial coordinate matrices, and machining data from a numerical control (CNC) system. This enables full-process digital integration from design to construction, avoiding manual secondary conversion and improving construction efficiency and accuracy.

[0039] In summary, the technical solution of the complex curved curtain wall modeling method of the present invention not only solves the problems of low efficiency and high cost in the existing technology of complex curved curtain wall modeling, but also improves geometric accuracy, mechanical safety, construction feasibility and economy, thereby improving the integration level of complex curved curtain wall modeling and construction.

[0040] As one alternative implementation method: Regarding the specific process of reconstructing the reference surface in step S2 above, the implementation is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, in step S2, the NURBS surface reconstruction process includes the following steps performed sequentially: Discretization sampling: The surface of the original curtain wall model is meshed for sampling to extract the coordinates, normal vectors and radius of curvature data of key sampling points, and to digitize the original surface; Control point fitting and reconstruction: Based on the data extracted from the sampling points, a NURBS control point array is generated by least squares fitting, and curvature continuity constraints are introduced during the fitting process to ensure that the generated surface meets aesthetic and stress requirements under at least C2 order continuity, which is used to generate the reconstructed surface; Surface error correction: The reconstructed surface is compared with the original surface. When the deviation exceeds the preset tolerance threshold, the position of the NURBS control point is automatically adjusted. The preset tolerance threshold is ±2mm. Topology optimization: Constraint optimization methods are used to reduce the number of redundant NURBS control points and generate simplified surfaces with accuracy that meet construction requirements, thereby reducing computational complexity and improving construction accuracy; Output reference surface: The simplified surface is output as the reference surface, which serves as the geometric basis for surface segmentation and unit size calculation of the curtain wall, parametric modeling of the structural system, and parametric calculation of construction nodes.

[0041] In application, the original curtain wall model's surface is meshed to extract coordinate, normal, and radius of curvature data. A NURBS control point array is then generated using least squares fitting, with C2-order continuity constraints introduced during the fitting process to obtain a smooth and continuous reconstructed surface. Subsequently, the original surface is compared, and control points are automatically corrected when the deviation exceeds ±2mm. Finally, topology optimization reduces the number of redundant control points, outputting a reference surface that meets construction accuracy requirements. This process avoids abrupt curvature changes in the curtain wall model's appearance, improves geometric accuracy, and ensures compatibility with actual construction tolerances, thus solving the problem of disconnect between the construction model and actual construction in existing technologies.

[0042] In addition, the tolerance threshold can be adjusted according to different curtain wall types. For example, it can be ±3mm for ultra-large glass curtain walls to further match the installation process.

[0043] Regarding the specific process of surface segmentation and element size calculation in step S3 above, the mechanical size calculation formula for the element plate in step S3 is as follows: ; in, P To distribute pressure evenly, l For the shorter side of the glass, E For elastic modulus, I The moment of inertia of the cross section; In a rectangular cross-section, , b For the long side of the glass, h The thickness of the glass; And combine it with the thermal expansion formula: ;in, The coefficient 2 represents the change in surface area due to thermal expansion of the glass, and the coefficient 2 represents the length and width of the glass sheet. is the coefficient of linear expansion of glass. The change in temperature This represents the initial area of ​​the glass. After calculation, the area of ​​the glass sheet of the unit panel of the curtain wall is determined, thereby determining the dimensional parameters.

[0044] When applied, this calculation process can predict the changes of glass in complex curved curtain walls under stress and thermal effects during the design phase, ensuring that each panel has reliable mechanical properties and solving the problems of unreasonable panel size and insufficient stress safety in traditional modeling methods.

[0045] In addition, wind load coefficients or regional climate parameters can be further incorporated into the calculation parameters of the formula to improve the applicability of the model.

[0046] Regarding the specific process of parametric modeling of the structural system in step S4 above, in step S4, by combining the rules of ergonomics and architectural visual factors, the spacing between the main load-bearing members and the secondary load-bearing members of the curtain wall installation components is optimized, so that the installation components, while meeting the mechanical performance requirements, form a numerically matched structural system with the building components of the beams, columns, and railings to which the curtain wall is attached, and this is used to determine the position of the installation components.

[0047] When applying the technology, the finite element analysis results are imported into the Grasshopper platform. The cross-sectional dimensions of the main and secondary load-bearing members are automatically determined based on the stress conditions of the members. The spacing is adjusted in combination with ergonomic and architectural visual factors to match the numerical values ​​of components such as beams, columns, and railings. This process ensures that the structural system not only meets the requirements of mechanical stability but also takes into account spatial aesthetics and user comfort, solving the problems of structural monotony and lack of coordination with the overall building in existing technologies.

[0048] In addition, environmental simulation (such as daylighting and shading analysis) can be incorporated into the optimization process to further improve the rationality of the structural system.

[0049] Regarding the specific process of constructing the parameterized calculation of the node in step S5 above, in step S5, the constructed node adopts parameterized calculation with adjustable deformation, which allows for real-time compensation of the thermal expansion and stress deformation of the glass sheet of the unit plate, and is used to adaptively compensate for dimensional deviations and positional deviations during the installation process.

[0050] When applying the technology, the adjustable deformation of the nodes is set based on the deformation data of the glass panels and installation components. Through parametric calculation, the expansion and deformation of the glass due to thermal expansion and contraction and stress deformation are compensated in real time during installation. This process ensures the stability and flexibility of the nodes during construction and use, and solves the risk of cracks and detachment caused by temperature or stress differences in traditional curtain wall installation.

[0051] In addition, multi-level buffer structures or intelligent sensing and monitoring units are arranged at the nodes to improve the durability of complex curved curtain walls under complex environmental factors and long-term safety monitoring.

[0052] Regarding the specific process of economic optimization and structural refinement in step S6 above, in step S6, the planar cutting size optimization of the unit plate adopts the plate planarization algorithm. Based on the principle of minimum surface unfolding, the surface of the unit plate is unfolded and calculated to determine the planar cutting size of each glass sheet in the bending range.

[0053] The adaptive adjustment of the frame section of the unit panel includes: compensating for the height and thickness differences of the node dimensions of the planar-cut glass panels so that the planar-cut glass panels match the curved surface positions corresponding to the unit panels of the curtain wall.

[0054] By utilizing a material cost database and gradient descent method, the cutting dimensions of unit panels and the cross-section of the frame are optimized; the curved surface is unfolded through a panel planarization algorithm to ensure that the cutting dimensions are within the allowable range of glass bending; and thickness and height differences are compensated at the frame nodes to enable the planar cut panels to be precisely assembled with the frame; this process reduces material waste and processing errors while ensuring safety, and solves the problems of high construction costs and large errors in existing technologies.

[0055] Finally, adjusting the construction nodes of the structural system includes: optimizing the position, angle and connector size of the construction nodes through parametric modeling, while ensuring force transmission and connection stability, so as to coordinate the installation errors and thickness differences between adjacent unit plates.

[0056] This process not only improves the reliability of node connections, but also effectively reduces curtain wall deformation or misalignment caused by local errors, ensuring that the entire curtain wall system maintains overall continuity and smoothness after installation. This solves the problem that existing technologies have overly rigid node designs that cannot adapt to the accumulation of curved surface errors.

[0057] Regarding the specific process of outputting construction data in step S7 above, the output construction data in step S7 includes: two-dimensional construction drawings, three-dimensional spatial coordinate matrix, and digital processing data compatible with CNC machining system or robot machining system.

[0058] This enables the establishment of multi-parameter correlation logic on the Grasshopper parametric platform through steps S1 to S7, so that when the geometric dimensions, load parameters, thermal expansion coefficient, material properties and environmental parameters at the input end are adjusted, the update of the reference curtain wall model and construction data is automatically driven.

[0059] When applied, the system automatically generates two-dimensional construction drawings, three-dimensional spatial coordinate matrices, and processing data that can be directly connected to CNC / robot systems, achieving a seamless connection between construction design and construction, and realizing the digital construction of complex curved curtain walls. This process improves the automation level of construction design, avoids errors caused by manual data conversion, and solves the problem of information silos between design and construction in existing technologies.

[0060] The Grasshopper parametric platform's data interface uses an external conversion module to make the output parameter module compatible with BIM platforms, enabling interconnection and interoperability with other building information systems.

[0061] The complex curved surface curtain wall modeling method is applicable to the modeling of different types of curtain walls, including: glass curtain walls, which take into account the curvature and minimum thickness of the glass when modeling; metal curtain walls, which take into account the impact of reflection and glare on the environment when modeling; rotatable component curtain walls, which take into account shading, ventilation, and solar thermal radiation when modeling; and photovoltaic curtain walls, which take into account the impact of solar altitude angle, sunshine duration, and light intensity on the angle and size of the panels when modeling.

[0062] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described.

Claims

1. A complex curved curtain wall modeling method based on Grasshopper, characterized in that, comprising the following steps: S1, inputting modeling parameters: inputting the geometric dimensions, load parameters, thermal expansion coefficients, material properties and environmental parameters required for the curtain wall with complex curved surfaces to be constructed into the Grasshopper parametric platform at the input end to generate an original curtain wall model; S2, reference surface reconstruction: topological optimization and geometric accuracy correction are performed on the original curtain wall model through NURBS surface reconstruction to generate a reference curtain wall model with at least C2 order continuity to ensure the smoothness of the reference surface of the reference curtain wall model in position, tangent and curvature; S3, surface segmentation and unit size calculation: based on the discrete differential geometry method, the reference surface is segmented into a plurality of unit blocks, and the size parameters of the long side, short side and thickness of each unit block are calculated and determined by combining the maximum deflection formula and thermal expansion formula of the glass plate of the curtain wall under uniform pressure; S4, parametric modeling of structural system: the main and secondary force members of the installation components of the curtain wall are calculated by the finite element analysis module of the Grasshopper parametric platform, and their topological relationship is input into the Grasshopper parametric platform for intelligent generation of the structural system for installing the curtain wall; S5, parametric calculation of construction nodes: according to the material deformation values of the glass plate and the installation components, the adjustable deformation variables of the construction nodes of the structural system are set to compensate for installation errors and thermal expansion differences, thereby ensuring the assembly feasibility of the curtain wall; S6, economic optimization and construction deepening: a material cost database is introduced and called to optimize the planar cutting size of the unit block, adaptively adjust the frame section of the unit block, and finally adjust the construction nodes of the structural system by using the gradient descent method; S7, output of construction data: construction drawings, spatial coordinate matrices and numerical control processing data are output through the data interface of the Grasshopper parametric platform for digital construction of the curtain wall with complex curved surfaces. 2.The complex curved curtain wall modeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step S2, the process of NURBS surface reconstruction includes the following steps implemented in sequence: discrete sampling: grid sampling is performed on the surface of the original curtain wall model to extract the coordinate, normal vector and curvature radius data of the key sampling points, and to dataize the original surface; control point fitting and reconstruction: based on the data extracted from the sampling points, an NURBS control point array is generated by least squares fitting, and curvature continuity constraints are introduced in the fitting process to make the generated surface meet the aesthetic and force requirements under at least C2 order continuity, thereby generating a reconstructed surface; surface error correction: comparing the reconstructed surface with the original surface, when the deviation exceeds the preset tolerance threshold, the position of the NURBS control point is automatically adjusted. Topology optimization: using constraint optimization method to reduce the number of redundant NURBS control points, generate simplified surface with precision meeting construction requirements, for reducing calculation complexity and improving construction precision; Output reference surface: output the simplified surface as the reference surface, use the reference surface as the geometric basis for surface subdivision and unit size calculation, structural system parameterized modeling and construction node parameterized calculation of the curtain wall.

3. The complex curved surface curtain wall modeling method according to claim 2, wherein the preset tolerance threshold in the error correction is ±2mm.

4. The complex curved surface curtain wall modeling method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the mechanical size calculation formula of the unit panel is: After calculation, the area of the glass plate of the unit panel of the curtain wall is determined, thereby determining the size parameters.

5. The complex curved surface curtain wall modeling method according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the spacing of the main force-bearing rod and the secondary force-bearing rod of the installation component of the curtain wall is optimized by combining the rules of ergonomics and architectural visual factors, so that the installation component meets the mechanical properties and forms a numerically matched structural system with the architectural components such as beams, columns and railings attached to the curtain wall, for determining the position of the installation component. ； wherein P is the uniform pressure, l is the short side of the glass, E is the modulus of elasticity, I is the cross-sectional moment of inertia; in a rectangular cross section, , b is the length of the glass, h is the thickness of the glass; And combined with thermal expansion formula: ; wherein, is the area change amount of the thermal expansion of the glass, and coefficient 2 is the length and width of two dimensions that the glass sheet has, is the linear expansion coefficient of the glass, is the temperature change amount, is the initial area of the glass; 6. The complex curved surface curtain wall modeling method according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the construction node adopts parameterized calculation of adjustable deformation variables to compensate for the thermal expansion and stress deformation of the glass plate of the unit panel in real time, for adaptive compensation of size deviation and position deviation in the installation process.

7. The complex curved surface curtain wall modeling method according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the planarization cutting size optimization of the unit panel adopts a panel planarization algorithm based on the principle of minimum surface unfolding to calculate the unfolding of the curved surface of the unit panel, for determining the planar cutting size of the glass plate of each unit panel within the bending range.

8. The complex curved surface curtain wall modeling method according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the adaptive adjustment of the frame section of the unit panel includes: compensating for the height difference and thickness difference of the node size of the planar cut glass plate, so that the planar cut glass plate matches the corresponding curved surface position of the unit panel of the curtain wall.

9. The complex curved surface curtain wall modeling method according to claim 1, wherein in step S7, the output construction data includes: two-dimensional construction drawings, three-dimensional spatial coordinate matrix, digital processing data compatible with numerical control processing system or robot processing system.

10. The complex curved surface curtain wall modeling method according to claim 1, wherein through steps S1 to S7, a multi-parameter correlation logic is established on the Grasshopper parameterization platform, and when the geometric size, load parameter, thermal expansion coefficient, material attribute and environmental parameter at the input end are adjusted, the reference curtain wall model and the construction data are automatically updated. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

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