New energy automobile battery aluminum alloy bottom shell impact test device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobile battery testing, and discloses a new energy automobile battery aluminum alloy bottom shell impact testing device and method. The new energy automobile battery aluminum alloy bottom shell impact test device comprises a base, a driving frame is slidably arranged on the base, an acceleration mechanism for driving the driving frame to move at a high speed is installed on the base, a rotary driving seat is fixedly connected to the upper end of the driving frame, and a servo motor is installed in the rotary driving seat. And the driving end of the servo motor is fixedly connected with a multi-module mounting seat. According to the new energy automobile battery aluminum alloy bottom shell impact test method, an acceleration mechanism on a base drives a driving frame to move at a high speed, a rotary driving seat is driven to impact a battery pack mounted in an automobile battery detection positioning mechanism, and a servo motor drives a multi-module mounting seat to rotate and locks a required model seat for impact test. Therefore, various impact working conditions possibly encountered by the battery bottom case in actual use are comprehensively simulated, and the diversity and accuracy of testing are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy vehicle battery testing technology, specifically to an impact testing device and method for aluminum alloy bottom shells of new energy vehicle batteries. Background Technology

[0002] In the research and development and quality control of new energy vehicles, evaluating the structural integrity of the battery casing through simulation testing in a laboratory environment is a crucial step.

[0003] Currently, there are various battery pack crash testing devices available in the industry to meet this need.

[0004] For example, Chinese invention patent CN120063642B discloses a collision testing device for a new energy vehicle battery pack. This device integrates a lateral movement mechanism, a lifting mechanism, and a clamping mechanism to realize the lateral movement, vertical impact, and continuous compression of the battery pack during the impact process. This effectively simulates the combined force state of inertia and self-weight generated during a vehicle collision, achieving significant progress in the realism of macroscopic dynamic simulation.

[0005] However, after in-depth research and practice of the existing technology, the inventors found that it still has obvious limitations in terms of the simulation accuracy of impact loads and the coverage of test conditions.

[0006] The core impact component of this device, the "impact adjustment unit," primarily achieves impact on specific areas of the battery pack by storing columnar "impact stakes" at different locations into a "storage sleeve." This design, relying on a single-shaped impact head, reveals inherent flaws when facing the complex and diverse real-world bottom collision scenarios: First, it cannot accurately simulate the diverse impacts from obstacles of different shapes in reality. For example, the small-area, high-strain localized impact caused by flying stones requires a hemispherical or small-diameter cylindrical impact head to reproduce; the linear, scraping-effect damage caused by scraping against curbs requires a wedge-shaped or strip-shaped impact head to reproduce its stress concentration and tearing effects; and the squeezing collisions between battery packs may involve large-area planar contact. The uniform cylindrical impact piles in existing technologies cannot effectively distinguish and simulate these drastically different force modes, resulting in a serious disconnect between the test conditions and the real world.

[0007] Secondly, due to the fixed impact head design, the testing capabilities of this device are limited to a few preset modes, rendering it ineffective for some non-standard but equally dangerous conditions (such as bottom cutting or scraping at specific angles). This creates blind spots in the test data, potentially masking structural weaknesses of the battery casing under specific impact conditions, and failing to provide complete and reliable data support for the comprehensive safety design of the battery pack.

[0008] Therefore, we propose an impact testing device and method for aluminum alloy bottom shells of new energy vehicle batteries to address the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention provides an impact testing device and method for aluminum alloy bottom shells of new energy vehicle batteries, which can solve the problem that existing new energy vehicle battery pack collision testing devices rely on a single-shaped impact head design and cannot simulate complex and diverse collision scenarios at the bottom of the vehicle battery.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An impact testing device for aluminum alloy bottom shell of new energy vehicle battery includes a base, a drive frame slidably mounted on the base, an acceleration mechanism that drives the drive frame to move at high speed on the base, a rotary drive seat fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive frame, a servo motor installed inside the rotary drive seat, a multi-module mounting seat fixedly connected to the drive end of the servo motor, and multiple detachable model seats arranged in a circumferential array on the outside of the multi-module mounting seat; an absolute encoder is installed on the drive end of the servo motor, and a laterally adjustable car battery detection and positioning mechanism is arranged on the outside of one end of the longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail.

[0011] Preferably, the acceleration mechanism includes a longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail, which is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base. A drive block is installed on the longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail, which drives the drive block to move at high speed. The drive block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drive frame, and the drive frame is slidably connected to the upper part of the longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail.

[0012] Preferably, a detachable locking assembly is installed between the model base and the multi-module mounting base. The detachable locking assembly includes a plug-in block, which is fixedly connected to the surface of the multi-module mounting base. Locking tongues are slidably arranged on both sides inside the plug-in block. An inner chamfer is provided at one end of the locking tongue near the inside of the plug-in block. Two locking tongues are symmetrically arranged inside each plug-in block. A guide push block adapted to the inner chamfer is provided between the two locking tongues. A first electric push rod is provided at one end of the guide push block away from the locking tongue. The first electric push rod is installed inside the multi-module mounting base. The first electric push rod pushes the guide push block, and the guide push block pushes the inner chamfer of the locking tongue, causing it to slide outward from the plug-in block. Each model base is provided with a plug-in groove and a locking groove.

[0013] Preferably, a guide plate is fixedly connected to one end of the latch near the inside of the plug block. The guide plate is slidably connected to the inside of the plug block, and a reset spring is provided inside the plug block. The reset spring pushes the guide plate, causing the latch to retract inside the plug block.

[0014] Preferably, the multi-module mounting base is configured as a quadrangular prism, and each of the four sides of the multi-module mounting base is provided with a detachable locking component. The four model seats mounted on the multi-module mounting base are respectively and uniquely connected to the first simulation component, the second simulation component, the third simulation component, and the fourth simulation component.

[0015] Preferably, the first simulation component includes a turntable, which is rotatably connected to a model base. A motor that drives the model base to rotate is installed on the model base. Multiple electrically controlled steering seats are arranged in a circular array on the turntable. A jet guide cylinder is installed on the electrically controlled steering seat. The jet guide cylinder is open at the end away from the turntable, and a high-pressure air pipe is fixedly connected to the end near the turntable. The inside of the jet guide cylinder is filled with stones. The second simulation component includes a telescopic column, which comprises an electric push rod and a circular steel column. The circular steel column is slidably connected to the inside of the model base. The electric push rod is installed inside the model base and is used for adjusting the height of the circular steel column.

[0016] Preferably, the third simulation component includes a thin steel plate, which is fixedly connected to the model base; the fourth simulation component includes a slope plate, which is hinged to the model base, and a first rotating seat is provided on the back of the slope plate. A second rotating seat is provided on the model base on which the slope plate is mounted. A second electric push rod is installed between the first rotating seat and the second rotating seat. The second electric push rod is used to adjust the angle of the slope plate by telescoping.

[0017] Preferably, the laterally adjustable automotive battery detection and positioning mechanism includes a gantry frame, with U-shaped sliding seats slidably arranged on both sides of the gantry frame. The U-shaped sliding seats are longitudinally slidably engaged with the outside of the gantry frame. A threaded column is rotatably connected inside one side of the gantry frame, and the U-shaped sliding seat on this side is threadedly connected to the threaded column. A motor for driving the threaded column to rotate is installed on the gantry frame. An automotive battery mounting box is fixedly installed between the two U-shaped sliding seats. One side of the battery mounting box is open, and a high-rigidity pressure plate is slidably arranged at the upper end inside the battery mounting box. An electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the upper end of the battery mounting box, and the electric telescopic rod pushes the high-rigidity pressure plate to slide.

[0018] Preferably, the bottom ends of the gantry frame are slidably connected to the base. Triangular seats are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the gantry frame parallel to the longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail. The triangular seats are slidably installed on the upper part of the base. A transverse screw drive guide rail is installed at the bottom of the gantry frame. The transverse screw drive guide rail includes a guide groove. A reciprocating screw is rotatably connected inside the guide groove. A stepper motor that drives the reciprocating screw to rotate is installed at one end of the guide groove. The bottom ends of the gantry frame are threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw. The reciprocating screw drives the gantry frame to move laterally.

[0019] The test method for the impact testing device of aluminum alloy bottom shell for new energy vehicle batteries includes the following steps: S1. Place the new energy vehicle battery pack to be tested into the vehicle battery mounting box, activate the electric telescopic rod to push the high-rigidity pressure plate, and firmly press the battery pack into the battery mounting box; S2. Select the simulation components according to the test requirements, drive the multi-module mounting base to rotate using a servo motor, align the selected model base and the simulation components on it with the test direction, and use an absolute encoder for precise positioning; at the same time, set the corresponding test parameters according to the type of the selected simulation components. S3. Start the stepper motor of the transverse screw drive guide rail to drive the reciprocating screw to rotate, thereby moving the gantry laterally to adjust the transverse test position of the battery pack; start the motor on the gantry to drive the threaded column to rotate, and adjust the longitudinal height of the U-shaped sliding seat and the car battery mounting box to accurately locate the impact test point. S4. Start the acceleration mechanism. The longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail drives the drive block and drive frame to move in a straight line at high speed, causing the simulated components in the working position to impact the bottom shell of the battery pack. S5. After completing one impact test, assess the damage to the battery casing. If tests under different operating conditions are required, repeat steps S2 to S4, switch to another simulated component by rotating the multi-module mounting base, and adjust the test parameters and position accordingly to continue the impact test.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: This invention uses a longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail on the base to drive the drive frame to move at high speed, thereby achieving a linear impact on the bottom shell of the battery and ensuring a good linear impact effect. The rotating drive seat on the drive frame drives the multi-module mounting seat to rotate via a servo motor, allowing for quick replacement and alignment of different types of model seats to simulate various impact scenarios, such as flying stones on the road, scraping against the curb, and battery crushing. The model seat is fixedly connected to the multi-module mounting seat via a detachable locking component, and the extension and retraction of the locking tongue is controlled by the first electric push rod to ensure stable detachment. The quadrangular prism-shaped multi-module mounting base integrates the first simulation component, the second simulation component, the third simulation component, and the fourth simulation component, which are used to simulate flying stone impact, columnar impact, thin steel plate extrusion, and slope scraping, respectively. The automotive battery testing and positioning mechanism uses a gantry frame and threaded column structure to adjust the height and position of the automotive battery mounting box, and uses an electric telescopic rod to press the battery pack to ensure stability during testing.

[0021] The acceleration mechanism on the base drives the drive frame to move at high speed, causing the rotating drive seat to impact the battery pack installed in the automotive battery detection and positioning mechanism. The servo motor drives the multi-module mounting seat to rotate and lock the required model seat for impact testing, thereby comprehensively simulating various impact conditions that the battery bottom shell may encounter in actual use, ensuring the diversity and accuracy of the test. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the multi-module mounting base of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram at point A; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first simulation component and the second simulation component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the third simulation component structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the locking tongue, guide plate and reset spring of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth simulation component structure of the present invention.

[0023] The components include: 1. Base; 2. Drive frame; 3. Drive block; 4. Longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail; 5. Rotary drive seat; 6. Servo motor; 7. Absolute encoder; 8. Multi-module mounting seat; 9. Model seat; 11. Plug-in block; 12. Locking tongue; 13. Inner chamfer; 14. Guide push block; 15. First electric push rod; 16. Lock groove; 17. Guide plate; 18. Return spring; 21. Turntable; 22. Electric steering seat; 23. Injection guide cylinder; 24. Telescopic column; 25. Thin steel plate; 26. Slope plate; 27. First rotating seat; 28. Second electric push rod; 29. ​​Second rotating seat; 31. Gantry frame; 32. Car battery mounting box; 33. Threaded column; 34. U-shaped sliding seat; 35. Transverse screw drive guide rail; 36. High-rigidity pressure plate; 37. Electric telescopic rod. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0025] Example 1: Please see Figure 1-8 The present invention provides a technical solution: An impact testing device for aluminum alloy bottom shell of new energy vehicle battery includes a base 1, a drive frame 2 slidably mounted on the base 1, an acceleration mechanism that drives the drive frame 2 to move at high speed on the base 1, a rotary drive seat 5 fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive frame 2, a servo motor 6 installed inside the rotary drive seat 5, a multi-module mounting seat 8 fixedly connected to the drive end of the servo motor 6, and multiple detachable model seats 9 arranged in a circular array on the outside of the multi-module mounting seat 8; an absolute encoder 7 is installed on the drive end of the servo motor 6, and a laterally adjustable car battery detection and positioning mechanism is arranged on the outside of one end of the longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail 4.

[0026] In the above technical solution, the acceleration mechanism on the base 1 drives the drive frame 2 to move at high speed, thereby causing the multi-module mounting base 8 on the rotating drive seat 5 and its multiple detachable model seats 9 arranged in a circular array to impact the battery bottom shell; the servo motor 6 quickly switches between different model seats 9 by rotating the multi-module mounting base 8, as described below: the first simulation component simulates the impact of flying stones, the second simulation component simulates the impact of a column, the third simulation component simulates the extrusion of a thin steel plate 25, and the fourth simulation component simulates the scraping of a slope plate 26. Combined with the absolute encoder 7, the rotation position is precisely controlled. At the same time, the horizontally adjustable car battery detection and positioning mechanism allows the position of the battery pack to be adjusted to test different areas, thereby achieving accurate simulation of diverse real-world impact scenarios, such as flying stones on the road, scraping of the curb, and extrusion of the battery pack, thus solving the problems of insufficient working condition coverage and low simulation accuracy in the existing technology.

[0027] The acceleration mechanism includes a longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail 4, which is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base 1. A drive block 3 is mounted on the longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail 4, and the longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail 4 drives the drive block 3 to move at high speed. The drive block 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drive frame 2, and the drive frame 2 is slidably connected to the upper part of the longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail 4. The structure and principle of the longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail 4 are similar to those of existing linear guide rails.

[0028] The above technical solution uses a longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail 4 to drive a drive block 3 to move at high speed. The drive block 3 drives the drive frame 2, which is fixedly connected to it, to slide along the upper part of the guide rail, thereby providing the high-speed linear power required for the entire impact test and simulating the real collision of the vehicle.

[0029] A detachable locking assembly is installed between the model base 9 and the multi-module mounting base 8. The detachable locking assembly includes a plug-in block 11, which is fixedly connected to the surface of the multi-module mounting base 8. Locking tongues 12 are slidably arranged on both sides inside the plug-in block 11. An inner chamfer 13 is provided at one end of the locking tongue 12 near the inside of the plug-in block 11. Two locking tongues 12 are symmetrically arranged inside each plug-in block 11. A guide push block 14 adapted to the inner chamfer 13 is provided between the two locking tongues 12. A first electric push rod 15 is provided at one end of the guide push block 14 away from the locking tongue 12. The first electric push rod 15 is installed inside the multi-module mounting base 8. The first electric push rod 15 pushes the guide push block 14, and the guide push block 14 pushes the inner chamfer 13 of the locking tongue 12 to slide outward from the plug-in block 11. Each model base 9 is provided with a plug-in groove and a locking groove 16.

[0030] With the above technical solution, when it is necessary to install the model base 9, first insert the insertion slot on the model base 9 into the corresponding insertion block 11. Then, by activating the first electric push rod 15, push the guide push block 14. The guide push block 14 uses its inclined surface to press the inner chamfer 13 of the two locking tongues 12, so that the locking tongues 12 extend outward from the insertion block 11 and are locked into the locking groove 16 of the model base 9. When it is necessary to disassemble, the first electric push rod 15 retracts, and the locking tongues 12 disengage from the locking groove 16 and retract into the insertion block 11 under the action of the return spring 18, so that the model base 9 can be removed.

[0031] A guide plate 17 is fixedly connected to one end of the locking tongue 12 near the inside of the plug block 11. The guide plate 17 is slidably connected to the inside of the plug block 11, and a reset spring 18 is provided inside the plug block. The reset spring 18 pushes the guide plate 17, causing the locking tongue 12 to retract inside the plug block.

[0032] Through the above technical solution, the reset spring 18 set inside the plug block 11 continuously applies elastic force to the guide plate 17 fixedly connected to the latch 12, so that when the first electric push rod 15 is not activated, the reset spring 18 can always push the guide plate 17 to drive the latch 12 to automatically retract back into the plug block 11, ensuring a stable unlocking state.

[0033] The multi-module mounting base 8 is configured as a quadrangular prism, and each of the four sides of the multi-module mounting base 8 is provided with a detachable locking component. The four model seats 9 mounted on the multi-module mounting base 8 are respectively and uniquely connected to the first simulation component, the second simulation component, the third simulation component, and the fourth simulation component.

[0034] Through the above technical solution, by designing the multi-module mounting base 8 as a quadrangular prism and setting detachable locking components on its four sides, the first simulation component, the second simulation component, the third simulation component and the fourth simulation component can be installed simultaneously through their respective model bases 9 and fixed on different sides, thereby realizing the integration of multiple test functions in one multi-module mounting base 8 and facilitating switching according to the actual test scenario.

[0035] Furthermore, the first simulation component includes a turntable 21, which is rotatably connected to the model base 9. A motor that drives the model base 9 to rotate is installed on the model base 9. Multiple electrically controlled steering seats 22 are arranged in a circular array on the turntable 21. A jet guide cylinder 23 is installed on the electrically controlled steering seat 22. The jet guide cylinder 23 is open at one end away from the turntable 21, and a high-pressure air pipe is fixedly connected to the other end near the turntable 21. The inside of the jet guide cylinder 23 is filled with stones. The working principle of the first simulation component is that the motor on the model base 9 drives the turntable 21 to rotate, so that the electrically controlled steering seats 22 distributed in a circular array are aligned with the test point. Then, the high-pressure air pipe is vented instantly, and the stones in the spray guide tube 23 are ejected at high speed to simulate the impact of flying stones on the road surface. By driving the turntable 21 to rotate and adjusting the electrically controlled steering seats 22, the impact of flying stones on the road surface in different directions can be simulated.

[0036] The second simulation component includes a telescopic column 24, which comprises an electric actuator and a circular steel column. The circular steel column is slidably connected to the inside of the model base 9. The electric actuator is installed inside the model base 9 and is used for height adjustment of the circular steel column. A multi-channel rotary valve is installed on the drive end of the servo motor 6 for rotational connection of the electrical and pneumatic circuits.

[0037] The second simulation component works by adjusting the protrusion height of the circular steel column through the extension and retraction of the electric push rod inside the model base 9, thereby simulating the impact of columnar objects with different degrees of protrusion. During this process, the multi-channel rotary valve on the drive end of the servo motor 6 ensures that the circuit and air circuit can remain stably connected even when rotating.

[0038] The third simulation component includes a thin steel plate 25, which is vertically fixed to the model base 9. The working principle of the third simulation component is that the thin steel plate 25, which is vertically fixed to the model base 9, forms a line contact with the bottom shell of the battery with its sharp edge when subjected to high-speed impact, thereby generating extremely high local pressure to simulate the destructive effect similar to blade cutting.

[0039] The fourth simulation component includes a ramp 26, which is hinged to the model base 9. A first rotating seat 27 is provided on the back of the ramp 26, and a second rotating seat 29 is provided on the model base 9 on which the ramp 26 is mounted. A second electric push rod 28 is installed between the first rotating seat 27 and the second rotating seat 29. The second electric push rod 28 is used to adjust the angle of the ramp 26 by extending and retracting. By extending and retracting the second electric push rod 28, the first rotating seat 27 on the back of the ramp 26 is pushed or pulled, thereby changing the angle of the ramp 26 hinged to the model base 9 to simulate the scraping impact caused by obstacles with different inclinations, which can be curbs or small slopes with different inclinations.

[0040] Example 2: Please see Figure 1-2 Furthermore, in conjunction with Embodiment 1, the laterally adjustable automotive battery detection and positioning mechanism includes a gantry frame 31. U-shaped sliding seats 34 are slidably arranged on both sides of the gantry frame 31. The U-shaped sliding seats 34 are longitudinally slidably engaged with the outside of the gantry frame 31. A threaded column 33 is rotatably connected to one side of the gantry frame 31. The U-shaped sliding seat 34 on this side is threadedly connected to the threaded column 33. A motor driving the threaded column 33 to rotate is installed on the gantry frame 31. An automotive battery mounting box 32 is fixedly installed between the two U-shaped sliding seats 34. One side of the battery mounting box is open. A high-rigidity pressure plate 36 is slidably arranged at the upper end inside the battery mounting box. An electric telescopic rod 37 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the battery mounting box. The electric telescopic rod 37 pushes the high-rigidity pressure plate 36 to slide.

[0041] The working principle of the horizontally adjustable car battery testing and positioning mechanism is as follows: the motor on the gantry 31 drives the threaded column 33 to rotate, so that the U-shaped sliding seat 34 connected to it can rise and fall longitudinally along the gantry 31, thereby adjusting the height of the car battery mounting box 32 fixed between the two U-shaped sliding seats 34; at the same time, the electric telescopic rod 37 at the upper end of the battery mounting box pushes the internal high-rigidity pressure plate 36 to slide, thereby firmly pressing and fixing the battery pack to be tested inside the battery mounting box.

[0042] The bottom ends of the gantry frame 31 are slidably connected to the base 1. Triangular seats are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the gantry frame 31 parallel to the longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail 4. The triangular seats are slidably installed on the upper part of the base 1. The base 1 is provided with a transverse screw drive guide rail 35 at the bottom of the gantry frame 31. The transverse screw drive guide rail 35 includes a guide groove. A reciprocating screw is rotatably connected inside the guide groove. A stepper motor that drives the reciprocating screw to rotate is installed at one end of the guide groove. The bottom ends of the gantry frame 31 are threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw. The reciprocating screw drives the gantry frame 31 to move laterally.

[0043] By activating the stepper motor inside the guide rail 35 driven by the horizontal screw on the base 1, the reciprocating screw in the guide groove is driven to rotate. Since the bottom ends of the gantry 31 are threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw, the entire gantry 31 and the automotive battery detection and positioning mechanism above it are moved laterally, thereby adjusting the lateral position of the battery pack fixed in the mechanism. During this process, the triangular seats fixed on both sides of the bottom of the gantry 31 slide along the upper part of the base 1, providing stable support for the gantry 31. This ensures that when the simulated components on the model base 9 impact the battery pack at high speed, the entire gantry 31 system can remain stable and not shake or shift, thereby accurately completing the impact test on different areas of the battery bottom shell.

[0044] The vehicle's underbody is the first line of defense, responsible for withstanding daily scratches from gravel and minor scrapes, optimizing wind resistance, and preventing direct corrosion of the battery pack from salt spray and other contaminants. The aluminum alloy battery shell, an integral part of the battery pack itself, forms its lower casing. When the impact is significant and the underbody cannot fully withstand it, the battery shell assumes the primary responsibility for impact resistance, absorbing energy through structural deformation and strength to ensure the internal battery cells are not squeezed or punctured. The bottom structure of the automotive battery mounting box 32 is identical to the underbody, mimicking its design to simulate the actual usage environment of new energy vehicle batteries installed in new energy vehicles.

[0045] Alternatively, an opening can be designed at the bottom of the car battery mounting box 32 in this device to expose the new energy vehicle battery for direct testing.

[0046] The complete working principle of the new energy vehicle battery aluminum alloy bottom shell impact testing device is as follows: through the horizontally adjustable car battery detection and positioning mechanism, the motor on the gantry 31 drives the threaded column 33 to adjust the height of the U-shaped sliding seat 34, thereby adjusting the height of the car battery mounting box 32 and the battery pack inside it, and through the electric telescopic rod 37 pushes the high rigidity pressure plate 36 to firmly press the battery pack to be tested into the car battery mounting box 32. Meanwhile, the horizontal screw drive rail 35 on the base 1 drives the reciprocating screw through the stepper motor, which drives the entire gantry 31 to move laterally, so as to accurately adjust the test position of the battery pack, and the triangular seat ensures the stability of the gantry 31 during impact. During testing, the longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail 4 drives the drive block 3 and the drive frame 2 fixed thereto to move at high speed in a straight line, thereby driving the rotary drive seat 5 to impact the target. The servo motor 6 inside the rotary drive seat 5 drives the quadrangular prism multi-module mounting seat 8 to rotate according to the test requirements. The absolute encoder 7 accurately positions the required first, second, third, or fourth simulation components and quickly switches them to the working position. The first simulation component simulates the impact of flying stones by spraying stones with high-pressure gas. The second simulation component simulates the impact of columnar impact by adjusting the height of the circular steel column with an electric push rod. The third simulation component simulates the cutting effect by using a vertically fixed thin steel plate 25. The fourth simulation component simulates the scraping impact by adjusting the angle of the slope plate 26 with a second electric push rod 28. This achieves accurate simulation testing of various impact conditions on the battery bottom shell.

[0047] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely a few specific examples of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impact testing device for aluminum alloy bottom shell of new energy vehicle battery, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A drive frame (2) is slidably mounted on the base (1). An acceleration mechanism that drives the drive frame (2) to move at high speed is installed on the base (1). A rotary drive seat (5) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive frame (2). A servo motor (6) is installed inside the rotary drive seat (5). A multi-module mounting seat (8) is fixedly connected to the drive end of the servo motor (6). Multiple detachable model seats (9) are arranged in a circular array on the outside of the multi-module mounting seat (8). An absolute encoder (7) is installed on the drive end of the servo motor (6). A car battery detection and positioning mechanism that can be adjusted laterally is set on one end of the longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail (4).

2. The impact testing device for aluminum alloy bottom shell of new energy vehicle battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acceleration mechanism includes a longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail (4), which is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base (1). A drive block (3) is installed on the longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail (4). The longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail (4) drives the drive block (3) to move at high speed. The drive block (3) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drive frame (2), and the drive frame (2) is slidably connected to the upper part of the longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail (4).

3. The impact testing device for aluminum alloy bottom shell of new energy vehicle battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A detachable locking assembly is installed between the model base (9) and the multi-module mounting base (8). The detachable locking assembly includes a plug block (11), which is fixedly connected to the surface of the multi-module mounting base (8). Locking tongues (12) are slidably arranged on both sides inside the plug block (11). An inner chamfer (13) is provided at one end of the locking tongue (12) near the inside of the plug block (11). Two locking tongues (12) inside each plug block (11) are symmetrically arranged, and a space is provided between the two locking tongues (12). The guide push block (14) is adapted to the inner chamfer (13). The end of the guide push block (14) away from the lock tongue (12) is provided with a first electric push rod (15). The first electric push rod (15) is installed inside the multi-module mounting base (8). The first electric push rod (15) pushes the guide push block (14). The guide push block (14) pushes the inner chamfer (13) of the lock tongue (12) so that it slides to the outside of the plug-in block (11). Each model base (9) is provided with a plug-in groove and a lock groove (16).

4. The impact testing device for aluminum alloy bottom shell of new energy vehicle battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: A guide plate (17) is fixedly connected to one end of the locking tongue (12) near the inside of the plug block (11). The guide plate (17) is slidably connected to the inside of the plug block (11), and a reset spring (18) is provided inside the plug block. The reset spring (18) pushes the guide plate (17) to retract the locking tongue (12) inside the plug block.

5. The impact testing device for aluminum alloy bottom shell of new energy vehicle battery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The multi-module mounting base (8) is configured as a quadrangular prism. Each of the four sides of the multi-module mounting base (8) is provided with a detachable locking component. The four model seats (9) installed on the multi-module mounting base (8) are respectively and uniquely connected to the first simulation component, the second simulation component, the third simulation component, and the fourth simulation component.

6. The impact testing device for aluminum alloy bottom shell of new energy vehicle battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first simulation component includes a turntable (21), which is rotatably connected to a model base (9). A motor that drives the model base (9) to rotate is installed on the model base (9). Multiple electrically controlled steering seats (22) are arranged in a circular array on the turntable (21). An injection guide cylinder (23) is installed on the electrically controlled steering seat (22). The end of the injection guide cylinder (23) away from the turntable (21) is open, and the end of the injection guide cylinder (23) close to the turntable (21) is fixedly connected to a high-pressure air pipe. The inside of the injection guide cylinder (23) is filled with stones. The second simulation component includes a telescopic column (24), which includes an electric push rod and a circular steel column. The circular steel column is slidably connected to the inside of the model base (9). The electric push rod is installed inside the model base (9) for adjusting the height of the circular steel column.

7. The impact testing device for aluminum alloy bottom shell of new energy vehicle battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The third simulation component includes a thin steel plate (25), which is fixedly connected to the model base (9); the fourth simulation component includes a slope plate (26), which is hinged to the model base (9). A first rotating seat (27) is provided on the back of the slope plate (26), and a second rotating seat (29) is provided on the model base (9) on which the slope plate (26) is installed. A second electric push rod (28) is installed between the first rotating seat (27) and the second rotating seat (29). The second electric push rod (28) is used to adjust the angle of the slope plate (26) by extension and retraction.

8. The impact testing device for aluminum alloy bottom shell of new energy vehicle battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontally adjustable car battery detection and positioning mechanism includes a gantry (31), with U-shaped sliding seats (34) slidably arranged on both sides of the gantry (31). The U-shaped sliding seats (34) are longitudinally slidably engaged with the outside of the gantry (31). A threaded column (33) is rotatably connected to one side of the gantry (31). The U-shaped sliding seat (34) on this side is threadedly connected to the threaded column (33). A motor that drives the threaded column (33) to rotate is installed on the gantry (31). A car battery mounting box (32) is fixedly installed between the U-shaped sliding seats (34) on both sides. The battery mounting box has an opening on one side. A high-rigidity pressure plate (36) is slidably arranged at the upper end of the battery mounting box. An electric telescopic rod (37) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the battery mounting box. The electric telescopic rod (37) pushes the high-rigidity pressure plate (36) to slide.

9. The impact testing device for aluminum alloy bottom shell of new energy vehicle battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom ends of the gantry (31) are slidably connected to the base (1). Triangular seats are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the gantry (31) parallel to the longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail (4). The triangular seats are slidably installed on the upper part of the base (1). The base (1) is located at the bottom of the gantry (31) and is provided with a transverse screw drive rail (35). The transverse screw drive rail (35) includes a guide groove. A reciprocating screw is rotatably connected inside the guide groove. A stepper motor that drives the reciprocating screw to rotate is installed at one end of the guide groove. The bottom ends of the gantry (31) are threadedly connected to the reciprocating screw. The reciprocating screw drives the gantry (31) to move laterally.

10. A test method based on the impact testing device for aluminum alloy bottom shell of new energy vehicle batteries according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Place the new energy vehicle battery pack to be tested into the vehicle battery mounting box (32), start the electric telescopic rod (37) to push the high rigidity pressure plate (36) and firmly press the battery pack into the battery mounting box; S2. Select the simulation components according to the test requirements, drive the multi-module mounting base (8) to rotate through the servo motor (6), so that the selected model base (9) and the simulation components on it are aligned with the test direction, and use the absolute encoder (7) for precise positioning; at the same time, set the corresponding test parameters according to the type of the selected simulation components. S3. Start the stepper motor of the transverse screw drive guide rail (35) to drive the reciprocating screw to rotate, thereby moving the gantry (31) laterally to adjust the transverse test position of the battery pack; start the motor on the gantry (31) to drive the threaded column (33) to rotate, and adjust the longitudinal height of the U-shaped sliding seat (34) and the car battery mounting box (32) to accurately position the impact test point. S4. Start the acceleration mechanism. The longitudinal linear acceleration guide rail (4) drives the drive block (3) and drive frame (2) to move in a straight line at high speed, causing the simulated components in the working position to impact the bottom shell of the battery pack. S5. After completing one impact test, assess the damage to the battery casing. If different working conditions need to be tested, repeat steps S2 to S4, switch to another simulated component by rotating the multi-module mounting base (8), and adjust the test parameters and position accordingly to continue the impact test.

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