Sensing coverage evaluation

Abstract

Various embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a device, method, apparatus and computer readable storage medium for sensing coverage evaluation. In the method, a first device sends a first request to at least one second device for first information regarding at least one evaluation of at least one sensed coverage of the at least one second device. The first device receives, from the at least one second device, first information regarding at least one evaluation of the at least one sensing coverage. The first device determines a sensing mode for the sensing service based at least on the first information.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Various example embodiments described in this disclosure relate generally to the field of telecommunications, and in particular, to devices, methods, apparatuses, and computer-readable storage media for sensing coverage evaluation. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a communication system, devices can perform various operations, including communication, sensing, etc. Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is a technology for advanced fifth generation (5G-A) and beyond fifth generation (e.g., sixth generation (6G)) that can be used for intelligent transportation, intelligent factory, etc. ISAC involves integrating communication and sensing functions in a single system to enable coordinated sharing of resources. ISAC design allows communication and sensing functions to share the same resources, such as the same frequency band and hardware, to improve spectral efficiency and reduce cost. Work is ongoing for support and enhancement of the sensing function of ISAC. SUMMARY

[0003] Some example embodiments of the disclosure will be described with respect to certain aspects. These aspects are not intended to indicate key or essential features of various example embodiments of the disclosure, nor are they intended to limit the scope thereof. Other features, aspects, and elements would be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from this disclosure, in view of the description herein.

[0004] In a first aspect, a first apparatus is provided. The first apparatus includes at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first apparatus at least to: transmit, to at least one second apparatus, a first request for first information regarding at least one evaluation of at least one sensing coverage of the at least one second apparatus; receive, from the at least one second apparatus, the first information regarding the at least one evaluation of the at least one sensing coverage; and determine a sensing mode for a sensing service based at least on the first information.

[0005] In a second aspect, a second apparatus is provided. The second apparatus includes at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second apparatus to: receive, from a first apparatus, a first request for first information regarding an evaluation of a sensing coverage of the second apparatus; and transmit, to the first apparatus, the first information regarding the evaluation of the sensing coverage.

[0006] In a third aspect, a method is provided. The method comprises transmitting, at a first apparatus, a first request for first information to at least one second apparatus, the first information being related to at least one evaluation of at least one sensing coverage of the at least one second apparatus; receiving, from the at least one second apparatus, the first information related to the at least one evaluation of the at least one sensing coverage; and determining a sensing mode for a sensing service based at least on the first information.

[0007] In a fourth aspect, a method is provided. The method comprises receiving, at a second apparatus, a first request for first information from a first apparatus, the first information being related to an evaluation of a sensing coverage of the second apparatus; and transmitting, to the first apparatus, the first information related to the evaluation of the sensing coverage.

[0008] In a fifth aspect, a first apparatus is provided, comprising means for transmitting a first request for first information to at least one second apparatus, the first information being related to at least one evaluation of at least one sensing coverage of the at least one second apparatus; means for receiving, from the at least one second apparatus, the first information related to the at least one evaluation of the at least one sensing coverage; and means for determining a sensing mode for a sensing service based at least on the first information.

[0009] In a sixth aspect, a second apparatus is provided, comprising means for receiving a first request for first information from a first apparatus, the first information being related to an evaluation of a sensing coverage of the second apparatus; and means for transmitting, to the first apparatus, the first information related to the evaluation of the sensing coverage.

[0010] In a seventh aspect, a computer readable medium is provided, having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by at least one processor of an apparatus, causes the apparatus to implement the method according to the third aspect or the fourth aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0011] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the drawings, in which: Figure 1 An example environment in which example embodiments can be implemented is shown; Figure 2A An example diagram is shown, illustrating coverage of a communication and a monostatic sensing for a target; Figure 2B An example diagram is shown, illustrating signal power reflected by a target compared to a transmitted signal with free space path loss; Figure 3 A signaling diagram for sensing coverage evaluation according to some example embodiments is shown; Figures 4A to 4F Example sensing modes are shown, respectively; Figure 5 Another signaling diagram for sensing coverage evaluation is shown in accordance with some example embodiments; Figure 6 An example diagram is shown that illustrates sensing coverage with additional processing gain; Figure 7 Another signaling diagram for sensing coverage evaluation is shown in accordance with some example embodiments; Figure 8 A flow diagram of an example method implemented by a first apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments is shown; Figure 9 A flow diagram of another example method implemented by a second apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments is shown; Figure 10 A simplified block diagram of an apparatus configured to implement some example embodiments is shown; and Figure 11 A block diagram of an example computer readable medium in accordance with some embodiments is shown.

[0012] Throughout the drawings, identical or similar reference numerals can represent the same or similar elements. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] Various example embodiments of the present disclosure are further described. It is to be understood that the example embodiments are described for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. The example embodiments described herein can be implemented in various ways different from those described below.

[0014] The terminology used herein is generally intended for the purpose of describing certain example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. In the following description and claims, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein can have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.

[0015] References to "an embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example embodiment," "some example embodiments," "certain example embodiments," "various example embodiments," etc., herein indicate that the embodiments(s) described may include(s) specific features, structures, or characteristics, but not every embodiment or example embodiment(s) includes that specific feature(s), structure(s), or characteristic(s). Furthermore, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example embodiment(s). Moreover, when(s) specific features(s), structures(s), or characteristics(s) are described in connection with embodiments or example embodiments, it should be noted that combining such features(s), structures(s), or characteristics(s) with any other embodiments or example embodiments described herein is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art, whether or not such combinations are explicitly described.

[0016] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited to these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the various example embodiments, a first element may be referred to as a second element, and similarly, a second element may be referred to as a first element.

[0017] As used herein, “at least one of the following: ” and “at least one of ” and similar expressions, wherein the list of two or more elements is connected by “and” or “or”, means at least any one of the elements, or at least any two or more of the elements, or at least all of the elements. As used herein, the expression “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.

[0018] As used herein, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the execution step “in response to A” does not indicate that the step is executed immediately after “A” occurs, but may include one or more intermediate steps.

[0019] As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” “possessing,” “containing,” and / or “covering,” when used herein, specify the presence of the stated features, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0020] As used herein, the term "circuit" may refer to one or more of the following example embodiments: (a) Hardware circuit implementation only (e.g., implemented with purely analog and / or digital circuits) and (b) A combination of hardware circuitry and software, such as (if applicable): (i) A combination of (multiple) analog and / or digital hardware circuits and software / firmware, and (ii) Any part of a hardware processor(s) having software (including (multiple) digital signal processors, software, and (multiple) memories, which work together to enable a device such as a mobile phone or server to perform various functions) and (c) A hardware circuit (multiple) and / or a processor (multiple) that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation, such as being a microprocessor (multiple) or part of a microprocessor, but which may be absent when the software is not required for operation.

[0021] This definition of circuit applies to all uses of the term included in any claim herein. As another example, as used herein, the term circuit also covers only hardware circuitry or processors (or processors), or a portion of hardware circuitry or processors and their accompanying software and / or firmware implementations. For example, where adapted to a particular claim element, the term circuit also covers baseband integrated circuits or processor integrated circuits for mobile devices or similar integrated circuits in servers, cellular network devices, or other computing or networking devices.

[0022] As used herein, the term "communication network" refers to a network that conforms to any suitable communication standard, such as New Radio (NR), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-A Advanced (LTE-A), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), High-Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), Enhanced Machine-Type Communication (eMTC), etc. Furthermore, communication between terminal devices and network devices in a communication network can be performed according to any suitable generation of communication protocol, including but not limited to first-generation (1G), second-generation (2G), 2.5G, 2.75G, third-generation (3G), fourth-generation (4G), 4.5G, fifth-generation (5G), sixth-generation (6G) communication protocols and / or any other currently known or future-developed protocols. The example embodiments can be applied to a variety of communication systems. Given the rapid development of communications, there will certainly be future types of communication technologies and systems that embody the example embodiments. The scope of the example embodiments should not be considered limited to the aforementioned communication technologies and systems.

[0023] As used herein, the term "network device" refers to a node in a communications network through which terminal devices access the network and receive services. Depending on the terminology and technology applied, a network device can refer to a base station (BS) or access point (AP), such as a Node B (or NB), an evolved Node B (eNode B or eNB), an NR NB (e.g., a gNB), a Remote Radio Unit (RRU), a Remote Radio Head (RRH), a relay, an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) node, a low-power node (such as a femtosecond or picosecond), a non-terrestrial network (NTN) or non-terrestrial network equipment (such as satellite network equipment, low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, and geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) satellites), a spacecraft network equipment, etc. In some example embodiments, a split LEO architecture includes a central unit (CU) and distributed units (DU). In some other example embodiments, a portion or all of the radio access network equipment may be contained on an airborne or space-borne NTN vehicle.

[0024] The term "terminal device" refers to any end device that can be configured to perform wireless communication. As an example embodiment, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE), subscriber station (SS), portable subscriber station, mobile station (MS), or access terminal (AT). Terminal devices can include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, cellular phones, smartphones, Voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, tablets, wearable terminal devices, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable computers, desktop computers, image acquisition terminal devices (such as digital cameras), gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback devices, in-vehicle wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop embedded devices (LEE), laptop mounted devices (LME), USB dongles, smart devices, wireless client devices (CPE), Internet of Things (IoT) devices, watches or other wearable devices, head-mounted displays (HMDs), vehicles, drones, medical devices and applications (e.g., remote surgery), industrial devices and applications (e.g., robots and / or other wireless devices operating in the context of industrial and / or automated processing chains), consumer electronic devices, devices operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, etc. Terminal equipment may also correspond to the mobile terminal (MT) portion of an IAB node (e.g., a relay node). As used herein, the terms “terminal equipment,” “communication equipment,” “terminal,” “user equipment,” and “UE” are used interchangeably.

[0025] As used herein, the terms “resource,” “transmission resource,” “resource block,” “physical resource block” (PRB), “uplink resource,” or “downlink resource” can refer to any resource used to perform communication, such as communication between a terminal device and a network device, including time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, spatial-domain resources, code-domain resources, or any other resources that enable communication. Resources in the frequency and time domains will be used as examples to describe transmission resources in some example embodiments. Note that the example embodiments are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.

[0026] As mentioned above, ISAC involves integrating communication and sensing functions into a single system to achieve coordinated resource sharing. The ISAC design allows communication and sensing functions to share the same resources, such as the same frequency band and hardware, to improve spectral efficiency and reduce costs.

[0027] With the widespread deployment of communication infrastructure, such as 5G base stations, integrating sensing capabilities into communication systems has become a key focus in recent years. This technology can be widely applied to scenarios such as intelligent transportation, low-altitude airspace, smart living, and intelligent networks. Network transformation and upgrades are necessary to achieve wireless sensing capabilities in current 5G networks.

[0028] Communication and sensing fusion, such as ISAC, achieves a unified design of communication and sensing functions through joint signal design and / or hardware sharing. The sensing component or function in communication and sensing fusion, such as the sensing part in ISAC, can be understood as a wireless sensing technology based on a communication system. It transmits wireless signals to a target area or object and analyzes the received echo signals to obtain corresponding sensing measurement information. As mentioned earlier, work on supporting and enhancing the sensing functions of ISAC is underway.

[0029] Wireless communication networks possess native wireless sensing capabilities. Base stations and terminals can simultaneously possess both communication and sensing capabilities, providing sensing services for various applications in fields such as intelligent transportation, drone surveillance, security monitoring around national railways, smart homes, public safety, health monitoring, and environmental monitoring. Integrating communication and sensing functions into a single system offers several benefits, including improved spectral efficiency, reduced costs, and enhanced performance.

[0030] Currently, the convergence of communication and sensing is still in its early stages of development. In the 5G-A phase, a focus is on exploring the integration of communication and sensing functions based on 5G network architecture and enhanced air interface design. This involves leveraging the characteristics of wireless channels to obtain richer environmental information and enabling basic sensing applications.

[0031] To achieve communication and sensing fusion, or ISAC, several technical fields related to communication and sensing fusion will be defined or specified. For example, service and system requirements can be defined for communication and sensing fusion, including use cases, functional requirements, and performance metrics. This ensures that integrated systems can be customized for different application scenarios, such as intelligent transportation, smart cities, and industrial automation.

[0032] In some mechanisms, architectural enhancements for 5G systems are proposed to meet certain objectives regarding sensing capabilities. For example, the objective is to extend the 5G system architecture to support sensing capabilities. The aim is to identify extensions or gaps in the Location-Based Services (LCS) architecture based on design conditions for sensing capabilities. Role surveys for Location Management Functions (LMFs) with dedicated sensing capabilities and / or new Network Functions (NFs) can be specified. The impact on network functions can be considered.

[0033] The role of LMF is to manage the overall coordination and scheduling of resources used for the location of UEs registering to or accessing the 5G core network (5GCN). It also calculates or verifies the final location and any speed estimates, and can estimate the accuracy of the achieved location. LMF functionality is typically focused on connected UEs.

[0034] In some mechanisms, identification and description of sensing service procedures are proposed. The aim is to identify sensing methods to be considered in 5G-A Rel-19. For example, such sensing methods may involve LMF-based assisted sensing, sensing using non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., LiDAR, cameras, etc.), monopolar DL signals (varies depending on the vendor), and location UL signals to be processed by the BS. Definitions of sensing service procedures (e.g., UE-initiated, network-initiated, etc.) are also proposed.

[0035] Some mechanisms propose enhancing coverage for communication users in 5G NR wireless networks, particularly in terms of coverage enhancement and related parameters that vary depending on different deployment scenarios.

[0036] In some mechanisms, coverage enhancement solutions have been proposed for specific scenarios of both frequency range one (FR1) and frequency range two (FR2). For example, baseline coverage performance for both downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) of a sensing scenario or service based on link-level simulation can be specified. Furthermore, performance targets for coverage enhancement can be identified, and potential solutions for coverage enhancement of sensing scenarios or services can be investigated.

[0037] Some mechanisms specify radio transmission and reception requirements for UEs operating in stand-alone (SA) mode in range 1 and range 2 frequency bands. Some mechanisms specify radio transmission and reception requirements for BSs in 5G networks. Some mechanisms specify radio frequency (RF) requirements for UEs in 5G networks, including receiver sensitivity, maximum transmit power, and other performance parameters.

[0038] However, these mechanisms focus on coverage issues in communication-only systems. For ISAC systems or systems integrating communication and sensing, coverage problems still need to be addressed. In ISAC systems, coverage for sensing (e.g., sensing coverage) is significantly lower than coverage for communication. In other words, sensing coverage is more severe than coverage in communication-only systems due to weak echo signals from reflections. Coverage analyses for communication-only systems, such as coverage models in wireless networks, are not suitable for ISAC systems.

[0039] In some ISAC systems, the same gNB can be used for both Tx and Rx. Therefore, the gNB needs to receive the echo signal from passive sensing, which adds additional path loss. As a result, the received signal power for sensing users is affected differently than for communication users. This can lead to reduced sensing coverage. For example, for communication users receiving transmitted signals in an ISAC system, there is a primary path loss. However, for monostatic sensing, a second path loss occurs for the sensed echo signal.

[0040] In some sensing scenarios, if the distance between the object (or target, or user) and the network device is increasing, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the sensed signal decreases faster than the SINR of the communication signal. If the sensed signal passes through the sensed target (e.g., a car), the signal power of the echo signal decreases further. That is, once reflected by the sensed target (e.g., a car), a significant attenuation of the transmitted signal power occurs.

[0041] In other words, the sensing coverage problem in an ISAC system is more severe than the coverage problem in a communication-only system. A gNB setup or configuration that meets the coverage requirements for communication may not be suitable for sensing. For example, due to these differences in received signal power and coverage characteristics between communication and sensing users in an ISAC system, a setup or configuration for communication may not be suitable for monopolar sensing. The lack of knowledge about sensing coverage by the gNB or other network nodes leads to potential coverage gaps and degraded performance for the ISAC system. Therefore, how to address the sensing coverage problem needs to be considered.

[0042] To address at least some of the aforementioned or other potential problems, a solution for sensing coverage assessment is proposed. According to an example embodiment, a first device (e.g., a first device configured to operate as a sensing function (SF)) sends a request for information to at least one second device (e.g., at least one network device) regarding at least one assessment of at least one sensing coverage for at least one second device. In response to receiving the request, the at least one second device sends information to the first device regarding the at least one assessment. The first device determines a sensing mode for a sensing service based on the received information. For example, sensing coverage in a wireless network can be assessed by either the first or second device. The information regarding the assessment can indicate the result of the assessment. The sensing mode can be determined based on the result of the assessment.

[0043] In this way, the sensing pattern for the sensing service can be determined based on information from the sensing coverage assessment. Therefore, a more appropriate sensing pattern for the second device can be determined, thereby enhancing sensing performance.

[0044] Figure 1 An example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments can be implemented is shown. In communication environment 100, a first device 110 (e.g., a network node) communicates with multiple devices, including second devices 120-1, second devices 120-2, ..., and second devices 120-N (N is an integer greater than or equal to 1). For illustrative purposes, second devices 120-1, second devices 120-2, ..., and second devices 120-N may be collectively referred to as "second device 120" or individually as "second device 120".

[0045] In some example embodiments, the second device 120 is configured to support ISAC. For example, the second device 120-1 (e.g., a node or device) may be used to sense object 121 in sensing area 125. The first device 110 may be configured to determine a sensing strategy and configuration for the second device 120-1. For example, if a sensing service associated with object 121 is requested for sensing area 125 (e.g., parking space, industrial area, etc.), the first device 110 may determine a sensing strategy and configuration for the second device 120-1.

[0046] As used herein, the object 121 sensed by the second device 120-1 may be referred to as the “target,” the “sensing target,” or the “sensed target.” The sensing region 125 may be referred to as the “sensing region of interest” or the “sensing region of interest.”

[0047] To sense object 121, second device 120-1 may transmit a sensing signal 122 (e.g., a sensing reference signal (RS)) to sensing area 125. Second device 120-1 may detect an echo signal 124 reflected from object 121. As used herein, the terms "echo signal" or "echo sensing signal" may refer to a signal passively reflected by object 121. Second device 120-1 may perform sensing services associated with object 121 or sense object 121 based on the detected echo signal 124. In some example embodiments, echo signal 124 may be used to enable sensing functionality of second device 120-1. As used herein, second device 120-1, which both transmits sensing signal 122 and receives echo signal 124, may be referred to as a device or node performing transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) functions for sensing, or as a Tx and Rx node. The Rx function for sensing may also be referred to as a sensing function.

[0048] It should be understood that the second devices 120-2, ..., and the second devices 120-N can also be configured to support ISAC. For example, a second device 120 can perform sensing services on a corresponding object. The first device 110 can determine the sensing strategy and configuration for the second devices 120-2, ..., and the second devices 120-N.

[0049] As described above, the first device 110 can determine a sensing strategy and / or configuration for the second device 120. Examples of the first device 110 may be a sensing function (SF) or a sensing management function (SeMF). The SF or SeMF can configure or manage sensing services for the second device 120. For example, the SF or SeMF may possess knowledge of sensing requirements and be configured to manage the coordination and scheduling of resources used for sensing operations.

[0050] In an example embodiment, the first device 110 may be configured to operate as an SF or SeMF. That is, the SF or SeMF may be implemented at least partially at the terminal device. For example, the first device 110 may be configured to perform one or more functions of the SF. In another example embodiment, the SF or SeMF may be implemented at a core network (CN) device. For example, the SF may be used as a functional entity for sensing function management in the CN, as a sensing management component or SeMF at the network edge, or as a functional entity for location management functions (LMF). For certain use cases, a dedicated SF or SeMF can avoid extending the LMF. The SF may interact with the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) to coordinate sensing functions. This may be similar to the interaction between the LMF and the AMF for location services.

[0051] It should be understood that, despite Figure 1The first device 110 is shown as separate from the second device 120, but this is for illustrative purposes only and not as a limitation. In some example embodiments, the first device 110 may be separate from the second device 120. In some example embodiments, the first device 110 may be co-located with or implemented as part of the second device 120. In such embodiments, the second device 120 may be configured to perform one or more functions of SF.

[0052] It should be understood that, despite Figure 1 In the example embodiment, the second device 120-1 performs both the Tx function and the Rx function. However, in other example embodiments, the second device 120-1 may be configured to perform one of the Tx function and the Rx function, and another device or node may be configured to perform the other function. For example, the second device 120-1 may be configured to operate as a Tx node performing the Tx function, and / or be configured to operate as an Rx node (e.g., a sensing node) performing the Rx function.

[0053] The second device 120-1 may be a network device or a terminal device configured to perform sensing. For example, the second device 120-1 may be implemented as a base station or gNB in ​​a 5G NR system, which communicates with the terminal device to send sensing signals to the sensed target or to receive echo sensing signals from the sensed target. For the purposes of discussion, some example embodiments are discussed by using a network device as an example implementation of the second device 120-1.

[0054] For illustrative purposes, some example embodiments are discussed in a single-base scenario, where the network device or terminal device operates as both a Tx node and a sensing node. These example embodiments can generally be applied to other scenarios, such as a dual-base scenario, where the network device or terminal device operates as both a Tx node and a sensing node, or a multi-base scenario, where the network device or terminal device operates as a Tx node and multiple network devices and / or terminal devices operate as sensing nodes.

[0055] In the communication environment 100, the second device 120 may also be configured to communicate with the third device 130. For example, the second device 120 may send a communication signal 132 to the third device 130 and / or receive a communication signal 132 from the third device 130. The third device 130 may be implemented as a terminal device configured to receive communication signals or communication data, such as a UE or other mobile or communication device.

[0056] It should be understood that Figure 1The number of devices and their connections shown are for illustrative purposes only and do not imply any particular limitation. The communication environment 100 may include any suitable number of devices configured to implement the example embodiments. For example, there may be multiple devices or nodes acting as Tx nodes, Rx nodes, or Tx and Rx nodes, each of which may be configured to communicate with several mobile devices.

[0057] In the following description, for illustrative purposes, some example embodiments are described in which the second device 120 is configured to operate as a network device and the first device 110 is configured to operate as an SF. However, in some example embodiments, the operations described in connection with a network device may be implemented at a terminal device or other device, and the operations described in connection with an SF may be implemented, for example, at another device.

[0058] Communication in communication environment 100 can be implemented according to any suitable communication protocol(s), including but not limited to cellular communication protocols such as first-generation (1G), second-generation (2G), third-generation (3G), fourth-generation (4G), fifth-generation (5G), and sixth-generation (6G), wireless local area network communication protocols such as IEEE 802.11, and / or any other currently known or future-developed protocols. Furthermore, communication can utilize any suitable wireless communication technology, including but not limited to: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Duplex (FDD), Time Division Duplex (TDD), Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Extended OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), and / or any other currently known or future-developed technologies.

[0059] As described, the second device 120 can communicate with the third device 130 and sense the object 121. The coverage used for communicating with the third device (e.g., communication coverage) and the coverage used for sensing the object 121 (e.g., sensing coverage) are different. Figure 2A An example diagram is shown illustrating the coverage of communication and monocentric sensing for a target. Figure 2A In the figure, curve 210 shows the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) level-distance curve for communication signals, and curve 220 shows the SINR-distance curve for sensing signals.

[0060] exist Figure 2A In the example, the target radar cross-section (RCS) is 100m. 2 It has parameters at 3.5 GHz and 10 MHz bandwidth. For the vehicle as the sensing target and with a SINR threshold of -5 dB, Figure 2AThe coverage range of the cell decreases from 341m to 49m. The coverage range for the communication UE Rc is 341m, while the coverage range for the sensing target Rs is 39m, with a SINR threshold of -5dB. The coverage range for the communication UE Rc is 607m, while the coverage range for the sensing target Rs is 65m, with a SINR threshold of -10dB. As shown in the figure, if the distance between the object (or target or user) and the network device is increasing, the SINR for the sensing signal decreases faster than the SINR for the communication signal.

[0061] Figure 2B An example diagram is shown, illustrating the signal power reflected by the target compared to a transmitted signal with free-space path loss. Curve 230 shows the signal power of the communication signal propagating to the network device at different distances. Curve 240 shows the signal power to the network device at different distances when the signal does not pass through target 235. Curve 250 shows the signal power of the echo signal reflected by target 235 at different distances to the network device. As shown, the signal power of the echo signal decreases further after passing through target 235. That is, a significant attenuation of the transmitted signal power occurs once reflected by the vehicle.

[0062] According to some example embodiments, the sensing coverage of the second device 120 can be evaluated. In an example embodiment, a first device (e.g., a first device configured to operate as an SF) sends a request for information to at least one second device (e.g., at least one network device) regarding at least one evaluation of at least one sensing coverage of the at least one second device. In response to receiving the request, the at least one second device sends information to the first device regarding the at least one evaluation. The first device determines a sensing pattern for the sensing service based on the received information. For example, sensing coverage in a wireless network can be evaluated by at least one of the first or second devices. The information regarding the evaluation can indicate the result of the evaluation. The sensing pattern can be determined based on the result of the evaluation.

[0063] In this way, the sensing pattern for the sensing service can be determined based on information from the sensing coverage assessment. Therefore, a more appropriate sensing pattern can be determined for the second device 120 (e.g., a network device). This can thus enhance sensing performance.

[0064] Figure 3 A signaling diagram 300 for sensing coverage assessment is shown according to some example embodiments. The signaling diagram relates to... Figure 1 The first device 110 and a plurality of second devices 120 are described. For illustrative purposes, reference will be made to... Figure 1 Description of signaling diagram 300.

[0065] It should be understood that, despite Figure 3 Multiple second devices 120 are shown in the diagram, but in some example embodiments, a single second device 120 may be present in the signaling diagram 300. For the purposes of discussion, some example embodiments are described in which the first device 110 is configured to operate as an SF and the second device 120 is implemented as a network device.

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, a first device 110 sends (310) a first request for first information to a plurality of second devices 120, the first information relating to multiple assessments of multiple sensing coverages of the plurality of second devices 120. The plurality of second devices 120 receive (320) the first request. In some example embodiments, the first device 110 may receive a second request for a sensing service from another device. In some example embodiments, the sensing service may be sensing a target (e.g., object 121) in an area (e.g., sensing area 125). In response to receiving the second request, the first device 110 sends (310) the first request to the plurality of second devices 120.

[0067] In response to receiving (320) the first request, a plurality of second devices 120 send (330) the first information to the first device 110. The first device 110 receives (340) the first information.

[0068] The first device 110 determines (350) a sensing pattern for the sensing service based at least on first information. In some example embodiments, the first device 110 may determine, at least based on the first information, whether the sensing service is within the sensing coverage of one of a plurality of second devices 120. As used herein, the sensing service being within the sensing coverage may mean that the target of the sensing service or the sensing area of ​​the sensing service is within the sensing coverage. The first device 110 may determine (350) the sensing pattern based on this determination.

[0069] In some example embodiments, the first device 110 may perform multiple assessments of multiple sensing coverages of multiple second devices 120 based on first information. For example, the first information may include coverage assessment assistance information, which may be used by the first device 110 to perform the multiple assessments. The results of the multiple assessments may indicate whether the sensing service is within the sensing coverage of the corresponding second device 120. (See reference...) Figure 5 Details are described regarding the sensing coverage assessment performed by the first device 110.

[0070] Additionally or alternatively, in some example embodiments, multiple second devices 120 may perform sensing coverage assessments. First information may indicate the results of multiple assessments. In such a case, the first device 110 may determine whether the sensing service is within the sensing coverage of the corresponding second device 120 based on the results indicated by the first information. For example, reference may be made to… Figure 7 To describe the details of the sensing coverage assessment performed by the second device 120.

[0071] As described above, the first device 110 determines (350) the sensing mode for the sensing service based at least on the first information. In some example embodiments, the first device 110 may select a sensing mode (e.g., a target sensing mode) from a plurality of predefined modes.

[0072] Figures 4A to 4F Example predefined sensing modes are shown respectively. The first device 110 can be from Figures 4A to 4F The sensing modes shown or determined from any other suitable sensing mode (350) are the sensing modes.

[0073] Figure 4A A sensing mode 400, which may be referred to as a monopolar sensing mode, is shown. In sensing mode 400, a second device 120 (e.g., a network device) may act as both a Tx node and an Rx node for sensing. Figure 4B Sensing mode 410, which can be referred to as a bistatic sensing mode, is shown. In sensing mode 410, a network device can be used as a Tx node, and another network device can be used as an Rx node for sensing.

[0074] Figure 4C Sensing mode 420, which may be referred to as UE cooperative sensing mode or gNB-assisted bistatic sensing mode, is shown. In sensing mode 420, the network device is configured to operate as a Tx node, and the terminal device (e.g., UE) is configured to operate as an Rx node or sensing node. Similar to... Figure 4C , Figure 4D Sensing mode 430 is shown, which is another UE cooperative sensing mode or a gNB-assisted bistatic sensing mode. In sensing mode 430, the network device is configured to operate as an Rx node or in sensing mode, and the terminal device (e.g., UE) is configured to operate as a Tx node.

[0075] Figure 4E Sensing mode 440 is shown, in which a terminal device (e.g., UE) is configured to operate as a Tx node and an Rx node. Figure 4F Sensing mode 450 is shown, in which a terminal device is configured to operate as a Tx node, and another terminal device is configured to operate as an Rx node or a sensing node.

[0076] Return to reference Figure 3 If the first device 110 determines that the sensing service is within one of the multiple sensing coverages of the multiple second devices 120, then one of the multiple second devices 120 can be identified as the target second device 120 (e.g., a target node for sensing). The first device 110 can determine (350) a sensing mode in which the target second device 120 will perform at least one of the Tx function or Rx function for sensing.

[0077] In some example embodiments, the first device 110 may determine (350) the sensing mode as sensing mode 400. That is, the target second device 120 may perform both the Tx function and the Rx function. The target second device 120 may be selected from a plurality of second devices 120 based at least on first information. For example, the second device 120 with the best evaluation results (e.g., best sensing coverage or best echo signal quality) may be selected as the target second device 120.

[0078] In another example embodiment, the first device 110 may determine (350) a sensing mode as sensing mode 410. For example, a target second device 120 may perform one of the Tx and Rx functions, while another second device 120 may perform the other of the Tx and Rx functions. The other second device 120 in sensing mode 410 may also be determined by the first device 110 based at least on first information. For example, a second device 120 with a suboptimal evaluation result may be determined as another second device 120 in sensing mode 410.

[0079] Additionally or alternatively, in some example embodiments, if the first device 110 determines that the sensing service is outside the sensing coverage of multiple second devices 120, the first device 110 may determine (350) a sensing mode in which the third device will perform at least one of the Tx or Rx functions for the sensing service. As an example, the third device may be implemented as a terminal device (e.g., Figure 1 (The third device 130 in the system). If the second device 120 is outside the sensing coverage, the UE can perform sensing, for example, in cooperation with the network.

[0080] Such a UE cooperative sensing mode can be one of the following: sensing mode 420, sensing mode 430, sensing mode 440, and sensing mode 450. In an example embodiment, when the determined (350) sensing mode is sensing mode 420, the target second device 120 (e.g., gNB) can operate as Tx, and the terminal device (e.g., UE) can operate as Rx. This sensing mode 420 is suitable for UEs with signal processing capabilities for sensing algorithms.

[0081] In another example embodiment where the determined (350) sensing mode is sensing mode 430, the target second device 120 (such as a gNB) can operate as Rx, and the terminal device (such as a UE) can operate as Tx. This sensing mode 420 is suitable for a UE that knows the sensing reference signal (RS) configuration.

[0082] In some example embodiments, sensing modes 420 and 430 may be determined (350) based on the fact that the UE is near the target object (e.g., adjacent), the path loss associated with the UE is smaller compared to sensing mode 400, and the improved sensing coverage meets the sensing requirements. That is, sensing mode 420 or sensing mode 430 may be determined (350) if sensing mode 420 or sensing mode 430 can meet certain conditions, such as UE target object distance conditions, path loss conditions, or sensing requirement conditions.

[0083] In some example embodiments, if sensing mode 420 or sensing mode 430 does not meet the above conditions, the first device 110 may determine (350) sensing mode 440 or sensing mode 450. That is, the UE may operate as both a Tx node and an Rx node. Alternatively, the UE may operate as a Tx node, while another UE may operate as an Rx node.

[0084] In summary, if the sensing service or sensing target is within the sensing coverage of the second device 120, the second device 120 can act as both a Tx and an Rx in the sensing scenario. If the sensing device is outside the sensing coverage, multiple UEs can be configured to participate as a Tx, an Rx, or both a Tx and an Rx for collaborative sensing.

[0085] In this way, a more appropriate sensing pattern can be determined based on information about the sensing coverage assessment of the second device 120. Using the determined sensing pattern, sensing services can be performed more effectively.

[0086] In some example embodiments, the first device 110 may send (360) a sensing configuration to the target second device 120. The sensing configuration (e.g., sensing configuration) may indicate a sensing mode, etc. The target second device 120 may receive (370) the sensing configuration. For example, the SF may notify the gNB of the determined sensing mode. In some example embodiments, the sensing configuration may include additional information such as a sensing RS configuration (e.g., sensing RS configuration), sensing measurement information, etc.

[0087] In this way, the sensing mode can be notified to the second device 120. Therefore, the second device 120 can perform more appropriate actions based on the sensing mode.

[0088] As described above, in some example embodiments, the sensing coverage assessment may be performed by a first device 110 (such as a first device 110 configured to operate as an SF). Figure 5 Another signaling diagram 500 for sensing coverage assessment according to some example embodiments is shown, wherein the sensing coverage assessment is performed by a first device 110. Reference will be made to this diagram for illustrative purposes. Figure 1 Description of signaling diagram 500.

[0089] As shown, the first device 110 can receive (510) a second request for sensing services from the fourth device 501. As an example, the fourth device 501 may be a third application device or a client device. The second request may include sensing assistance information. As used herein, the sensing assistance information may be referred to, for example, as "second information".

[0090] In one example embodiment, the second information may include the sensing area or the sensing range of interest. In another example embodiment, the second information may include the location or geometry of the sensing target (such as a bedroom, site, factory, etc.). In yet another example embodiment, the second information may include sensing requirements or key performance indicators (KPIs), such as requirements regarding speed, ranging resolution and accuracy, latency, cycle time, or refresh rate. In yet another example embodiment, the second information may include the type of sensing service, such as intrusion detection, gesture recognition, localization, UAV tracking, etc. In yet another example embodiment, the second information may include the sensing environment, such as indoor, outdoor, line-of-sight (LoS), non-line-of-sight (NLoS), urban, rural, etc.

[0091] Example embodiments of the second information have been described above. In some example embodiments, the second information may include any combination of the example information described above. The second information may also include any other information not mentioned above. The scope of the example embodiments is not intended to be limited in this respect.

[0092] The first device 110 may receive (520) a second request. In response to the second request, the first device 110 may send (310) a first request for first information regarding an assessment of the sensing coverage of the plurality of second devices 120.

[0093] In some example embodiments, the first device 110 may determine (530) at least one second device 120 from a plurality of second devices 120. The determined (530) at least one second device 120 may be referred to as a candidate second device 120. The first device 110 may send (310) a first request to at least one determined (530) second device 120.

[0094] The first device 110 can determine (530) at least one candidate second device 120 using different methods. In an example method, the first device 110 can determine (530) at least one candidate second device 120 based on the location of the sensing target or sensing area (e.g., the sensing range of interest) and the distribution of the plurality of second devices 120. For example, the second device 120 closest to the sensing target or sensing area can be determined (530) as a candidate second device 120. As another example, if the distance between a certain second device 120 and the sensing target or sensing area is less than a predetermined threshold distance, that certain second device 120 can be determined (530) as a candidate second device 120.

[0095] In another example method, the first device 110 may determine (530) at least one candidate second device 120 based on the presence of communication users around the target. For example, the first device 110 may determine a second device 120 serving the cell where the communication user is located as a candidate second device 120. The first device 110 may also determine (530) at least one candidate by combining these two methods. It should be understood that the first device 110 may determine (530) at least one candidate second device 120 by using any suitable means, without limitation herein.

[0096] As described above, the first device 110 sends (310) a first request to at least one candidate second device 120. In an example embodiment, the first request may instruct at least one candidate second device 120 to report auxiliary information for sensing coverage assessment (e.g., as coverage assessment auxiliary information). The first request may also include at least a portion of the second information included in the second request. For example, the first request may include sensing a region of interest.

[0097] At least one candidate second device 120 receives (320) a first request. In response to the first request, at least one candidate second device 120 sends (330) a first message to the first device 110. The first device 110 receives (340) the first message.

[0098] In some example embodiments where the first request instructs the second device 120 to report coverage assessment assistance information, the first information may include coverage assessment assistance information or capability information of at least one of the second devices 120.

[0099] In example embodiments, coverage assessment assistance information may include at least one radar coverage range of at least one candidate second device 120. Radar coverage range is the distance a radar can cover; it may be referred to as a deterministic parameter. For example, for network devices such as gNBs used for radar sensing, radar coverage can provide information about the coverage range of the second device 120 for a specific sensing service and target type. For example, radar coverage range may be a radar cross-section (RCS) value. In some example embodiments, coverage assessment assistance information may include a report on the radar coverage range of a corresponding second device 120. This report may include conversion relationships between different values ​​or coverage ranges and different targets or services.

[0100] In another example, coverage assessment auxiliary information may include at least one echo signal quality of at least one candidate second device 120. At least one echo signal quality may be included in at least one echo signal measurement report (e.g., an echo signal quality report). In one embodiment, a measurement report for a particular second device 120 may include the echo signal quality measured by the second device 120 (such as a gNB). Example embodiments of signal quality may include SINR, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), or Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), etc. These signal quality parameters may be determined based on RS transmitted toward the sensing region of interest. In another embodiment, the measurement report may be based on previous sensing measurements, including SINR, RSRP, or RSSI associated with different targets within a specific range. Measurements may be performed in a LoS / NLoS scenario.

[0101] In another example embodiment, coverage evaluation assistance information may include at least one parameter related to the signal quality of at least one candidate second device 120. For example, the signal quality-related parameter may be a statistical value, such as path loss, SINR, received signal power, processing gain, or any other suitable value. The value of the signal quality-related parameter may be based on, but is not limited to, transmit power. Transmit antenna gain Receiver antenna gain Noise energy Interference energy The parameters are determined or calculated statistically.

[0102] In an example embodiment, large-scale fading can be described using the classical radar free-space echo equation. If the transmitting antenna of the second device 120 (such as a base station) has... An isotropic antenna with transmit power and a power density at a distance R from the base station is... Then it can be obtained through the following (1) .

[0103] (1) If the transmitting antenna of the second device 120 has Given the emission gain, the power density at the target location can be obtained from (2). .

[0104] (2) Assuming the RCS of the target object is σ, then the energy received and scattered by the target object... It can be obtained from (3).

[0105] (3) The scattered echo signal from the target object can be considered equivalent to that from the object with The transmitted signal of the isotropic antenna with the transmit power of the second device 120. The power density of the echo signal at the transmit antenna of the second device 120 can be obtained from (4), where This represents the power density of the echo signal at the transmitting antenna.

[0106] (4) The power density of the echo signal at the transmitting antenna can also be determined based on (2), (3) and (4) above, i.e. (5).

[0107] (5) This indicates the effective area of ​​the transmitting antenna of the second device 120. The power of the echo received by the antenna of the second device 120. It can be obtained from (6) or (7).

[0108] (6) (7) The gain of the receiving antenna of the second device 120 is expressed as follows: It can be obtained from (8).

[0109] (8) The power of the echo received by the antenna of the second device 120 It can be obtained from (9).

[0110] (9) The above example derivation does not consider any loss or noise. Assuming the total loss of the antenna system (including losses in the transmitting antenna, transmission feed, receiving antenna, and receiving feed) is L, then the corrected power of the echo received by the base station's antenna is... It can be obtained from (10).

[0111] (10) Assumption It is the energy of noise. Let τ be the energy of the interference and τ be the duration of the sensing signal, then the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the receiving antenna of the second device 120 can be obtained from (11).

[0112] (11) Processing gains, including beamforming gain and coherence gain, can also be included in coverage assessment auxiliary information. The term beamforming gain refers to the increase in signal strength or quality achieved by using beamforming techniques in a wireless communication system, which improves performance by focusing the signal in a specific direction. It is typically measured in decibels (dB) and represents the improvement compared to a non-beamforming scenario.

[0113] In one example embodiment, processing gain can be increased by coherent processing gain. For example, phase accumulation accumulates the phases of multiple received echo signals to increase the amplitude of the echo signal. For another example embodiment, multiple received echo signals can be averaged to reduce the effects of noise and improve signal quality. Averaging can be performed in the time, spatial, or pulse sequence domain. In yet another example embodiment, multiple received echo signals can be copied or added together to increase the signal amplitude and improve the signal-to-noise ratio. Encoded signals can also be used to encode the echo signals, which increases the signal amplitude and enhances detection performance.

[0114] Several examples of coverage assessment aiding information have been described. Coverage assessment aiding information may include one or more of the example information, or include any other suitable information. Using the coverage assessment aiding information included in the first information, the first device 110 may perform (540) a sensing coverage assessment. For example, the first device 110 may perform (540) a sensing coverage assessment based on the first information (e.g., coverage assessment aiding information) and the second information in the second request.

[0115] In some example embodiments, the first device 110 may determine, based on coverage assessment assistance information, at least one result of at least one assessment indicating whether the sensing service is within or outside at least one sensing coverage of at least one candidate second device 120.

[0116] In an example embodiment where coverage assessment auxiliary information includes deterministic radar range, the first device 110 can use a deterministic method to determine whether a sensing request is within the radar range reported by the corresponding second device 120. This can be achieved through distance comparison, assuming a predetermined threshold for range comparison. For example, if the radar coverage of a certain second device 120 is less than the predetermined threshold, the first device 110 can determine that the sensing service is within that second device 120.

[0117] In an example embodiment where coverage assessment auxiliary information includes echo signal quality or echo signal measurement reports, the first device 110 can determine the assessment result based on the echo signal quality and sensing requirements. For example, the first device 110 can consider the measurement quality of the received echo signal toward the sensing region of interest, as well as the accuracy and resolution requirements of the sensing request. The first device 110 can assess whether the echo signal received from the second device 120 assigned to the sensing target meets the requirements and is within its coverage area.

[0118] In an example embodiment where coverage assessment auxiliary information includes parameters related to signal quality, the first device 110 can determine the assessment result by using a statistical model or sensing scenario. For example, the first device 110 can employ statistical methods to determine the coverage confidence toward the sensing area. The coverage confidence can reflect the estimated quality of the coverage area. For example, the sensing coverage range can be determined by the first device 110 based on different propagation models and sensing scenarios, considering factors such as path loss, SINR, and processing gain. For example, the first device 110 can use a threshold such as SINR = -10 dB to determine the coverage confidence.

[0119] Figure 6 An example plot is shown, illustrating curve 610 of sensing coverage with additional processing gain. The curve was plotted using a static model and / or the sensing scene. Figure 6 In the example, it is assumed that the initial coverage without processing gain is approximately 5%, and the total processing gain Gp is ​​[0:2:36], including beamforming and coherence gain. The first device 110 can use curve 610 to determine the evaluation results. It should be understood that the first device 110 can also use... Figures 2A to 2B The curves or graphs shown, or any other curves statistically determined for sensing coverage evaluation.

[0120] The relationship between processing gain and coverage confidence can be determined by simulation with the parameter values ​​shown in Table 1.

[0121] Table 1

[0122] In another embodiment, the coverage confidence level can be determined based on measurement reports from other previous sensing services, and the conclusion can also be given statistically based on experience.

[0123] In the example, the statistical model can be determined based on the concepts of estimated rate metrics and coverage probability of radar setup. Typical examples in free space are shown below, providing formulas for calculating losses in various scenarios such as Radio Resource Management (Rma), Uma (User Plane Access and Mobility Management), Umi (User Plane Measurement), Indoor Hotspot Office (InH-Office), and Indoor Factory (InF). The received signal power for communication can be obtained from (12). The received signal power for sensing can be obtained from (13).

[0124] (12) (13) in, Indicates the transmission power. Indicates the transmit antenna gain. Indicates wavelength. and These represent the receiving antenna gains of the terminal device and the base station, respectively. The radar cross-section (RCS) of the target is represented, and R represents the path length. The return echo may travel from one direction to the next R. 2 decay to round trip R 4 .

[0125] Examples of determining the results of a sensing coverage assessment have been described, such as determining coverage confidence based on a statistical model. It should be understood that any suitable model or calculation can be applied by the first device 110 for the sensing coverage assessment. For example, the statistical model can be a predetermined model in the specification.

[0126] In some example embodiments, different static models can be used for different sensing scenarios. Examples of sensing scenarios include, but are not limited to: urban scenarios (e.g., an outdoor gNB serving an indoor UE), rural scenarios for FR1 (e.g., including extremely long-distance rural scenarios), indoor scenarios (e.g., an indoor gNB serving an indoor UE), urban / suburban scenarios for FR2 (e.g., including an outdoor gNB serving an outdoor UE and an outdoor gNB serving an indoor UE), Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) scenarios for FR1, Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) services for FR1, and eMBB services as first priority and VoIP as second priority, or Low Power Wide Area (LPWA) services and scenarios for FR2.

[0127] Several example embodiments have been described for determining the results of at least one evaluation for at least one sensing coverage of at least one candidate second device 120. Using these embodiments, the first device 110 can possess knowledge of the sensing coverage and evaluate it. The results of the sensing coverage evaluation can be used to determine the sensing pattern.

[0128] Now return to the reference Figure 5 The first device 110 may determine (350) a sensing mode for the sensing service based on the result of at least one evaluation. As an example embodiment, if the result of at least one evaluation indicates that the sensing service is within the sensing coverage of a second device 120, the first device 110 may determine (350) the sensing mode as sensing mode 400, sensing mode 410, or any other sensing mode in which a second device 120 performs at least one of the Tx or Rx functions for sensing. As used herein, a second device 120 having sensing coverage that covers the sensing service may be referred to as the target second device 120.

[0129] If the result of at least one evaluation indicates that the sensing service is outside the sensing coverage of at least one candidate second device 120, then the first device 110 may determine (350) the sensing mode as sensing mode 420, sensing mode 430, sensing mode 440, sensing mode 450, or any other sensing mode in which a third device (such as a terminal device) performs at least one of the Tx or Rx functions for sensing. (Already referenced) Figure 3 The details of determining the sensing mode (350) have been described and will not be repeated here. In this way, the first device 110 can accurately select the appropriate sensing mode or operating mode to ensure improved (e.g., optimal) sensing performance.

[0130] Similar to Figure 3 The first device 110 may send (360) a sensing configuration to at least one second device 120. The sensing configuration may indicate a sensing mode. In some example embodiments, the sensing configuration may include additional information such as an RS configuration for sensing (e.g., a sensing RS configuration), sensing measurement information, etc. For example, the first device 110 may send (360) the sensing configuration to a target second device 120, which may perform at least one of a Tx function or an Rx function. The target second device 120 may receive (370) the sensing configuration.

[0131] In this way, the SF can notify the second device 120 (such as a gNB) of the determined sensing mode. This indication may also include the RS configuration for sensing. Therefore, the second device 120 can perform more appropriate actions based on the sensing mode.

[0132] Figure 7 Another signaling diagram 700 for sensing coverage assessment according to some example embodiments is shown. Unlike signaling diagram 500, the sensing coverage assessment is performed by a second device 120. For illustrative purposes, reference will be made to... Figure 1 Describe signaling diagram 700. It should be understood that, although in Figure 7 A single second device 120 is shown, but according to some example embodiments, signaling diagram 700 may involve multiple second devices 120.

[0133] Similar to signaling diagram 500, the first device 110 may receive (510) a second request for sensing services from the fourth device 501. As an example embodiment, the fourth device 501 may be a third application device or a client. The second request may include sensing assistance information. As used herein, sensing assistance information may also be referred to as "second information".

[0134] In one example embodiment, the second information may include the sensing area or the sensing range of interest. In another example embodiment, the second information may include the location or geometry of the sensing target (such as a bedroom, site, factory, etc.). In yet another example, the second information may include sensing requirements or key performance indicators (KPIs), such as requirements regarding speed, ranging resolution and accuracy, latency, cycle time, or refresh rate. In yet another example embodiment, the second information may include the type of sensing service, such as intrusion detection, gesture recognition, localization, UAV tracking, etc. In yet another example embodiment, the second information may include the sensing environment, such as indoor, outdoor, line-of-sight (LoS), non-line-of-sight (NLoS), urban, rural, etc.

[0135] Example embodiments of the second information have been described above. In some example embodiments, the second information may include any combination of the example information described above. The second information may also include any other information not mentioned above. The scope of the example embodiments is not limited in this respect.

[0136] The first device 110 may receive (520) a second request. In response to the second request, the first device 110 may send (310) a first request for first information regarding an assessment of the sensing coverage of the second device 120.

[0137] In some example embodiments, the first device 110 may determine (710) a particular second device 120 from a plurality of second devices 120. The determined (710) second device 120 may be referred to as a candidate second device 120. The first device 110 may send (310) a first request to the determined (710) second device 120.

[0138] The first device 110 can determine (710) candidate second devices 120 using different methods. In an example method, the first device 110 can determine (710) candidate second devices 120 based on the location of the sensing target or sensing area (e.g., the sensing range of interest) and the distribution of multiple second devices 120. For example, a second device 120 having the closest distance to the sensing target or sensing area can be determined (710) as a candidate second device 120. For another example embodiment, if the distance between a certain second device 120 and the sensing target or sensing area is less than a predetermined threshold distance, then that certain second device 120 can be determined (710) as a candidate second device 120.

[0139] In another example method, the first device 110 may determine (710) candidate second devices 120 based on the presence of communication users around the target. For example, the first device 110 may determine a second device 120 serving the cell where the communication user is located as a candidate second device 120. The first device 110 may also determine (710) candidates by combining these two methods. It should be understood that the first device 110 may determine (710) candidate second devices 120 by any suitable method, which is not limited.

[0140] As described above, the first device 110 sends (310) a first request to the candidate second device 120. In the example, the first request may instruct the candidate second device 120 to report the results of the sensing coverage assessment. The first request may also include at least a portion of the second information included in the second request.

[0141] Candidate second device 120 receives (320) a first request. In response to the first request, candidate second device 120 sends (330) a first message to first device 110. First device 110 receives (340) the first message.

[0142] In some example embodiments where the first request instructs the second device 120 to report the results of the sensing coverage assessment, the candidate second device 120 may perform (720) its sensing coverage assessment. The method used by the second device 120 to assess the sensing coverage may be similar to those used by the first device 110.

[0143] In some example embodiments, the second device 120 may determine the sensing coverage assessment result based on the first request and the capability information of the second device 120. In example embodiments, the second device 120 may use a deterministic method to determine whether the sensing request is within the reported radar range of the second device 120. This can be achieved by distance comparison, assuming a predetermined threshold for range comparison. For example, if the radar coverage for a certain second device 120 is less than the predetermined threshold, the second device 120 may determine that the sensing service is within that second device 120.

[0144] In another example embodiment, the second device 120 may determine the evaluation result based on the echo signal quality and sensing requirements. For example, the second device 120 may consider the measurement quality of the received echo signal toward the sensing region of interest, as well as the accuracy and resolution requirements of the sensing request. The second device 120 may evaluate whether the echo signal received from the second device 120 toward the sensing target meets the requirements and is within its coverage area.

[0145] In yet another example, the second device 120 can determine the evaluation results based on parameters and statistical models or sensing scenarios related to signal quality. For example, the second device 120 can use statistical methods to determine the coverage confidence level toward the sensing area. The coverage confidence level can reflect the estimated quality of the coverage area. For example, the second device 120 can determine the sensing coverage range by considering factors such as path loss, SINR, and processing gain based on different propagation models and sensing scenarios. (Already referenced) Figure 5 Details about the statistical model or sensing scenario have been described and will not be repeated here.

[0146] Several example embodiments have been described for determining the results of an evaluation of the sensing coverage of the second device 120. Using these embodiments, the second device 120 can possess knowledge of the sensing coverage and evaluate it.

[0147] The second device 120 sends (330) first information to the first device 110. In an embodiment where the second device 120 performs (720) a sensing coverage assessment, the first information may include the result of the assessment. The result may indicate whether the sensing service is within or outside the sensing coverage of the second device 120.

[0148] The first device 110 may determine (350) a sensing mode for the sensing service based on the results of an evaluation. As an example, if the evaluation results indicate that the sensing service is within the sensing coverage of the second device 120, the first device 110 may determine (350) a sensing mode 400, a sensing mode 410, or any other sensing mode in which the second device 120 performs at least one of a Tx function or an Rx function for sensing. As used herein, the second device 120 having sensing coverage over the sensing service may be referred to as the target second device 120.

[0149] If the evaluation results indicate that the sensing service is outside the sensing coverage of the second device 120, the first device 110 may determine (350) the sensing mode as sensing mode 420, sensing mode 430, sensing mode 440, sensing mode 450, or any other sensing mode in which a third device (such as a terminal device) performs at least one of the Tx or Rx functions for sensing. (Already referenced) Figure 3 The details of determining the sensing mode (350) have been described and will not be repeated here. In this way, the first device 110 can accurately select the appropriate sensing mode or operating mode to ensure improved (e.g., optimal) sensing performance.

[0150] Similar to Figure 3 The first device 110 may send (360) a sensing configuration to the second device 120. The sensing configuration may indicate a sensing mode. In some example embodiments, the sensing configuration may include additional information such as an RS configuration for sensing (e.g., sensing RS configuration), sensing measurement information, etc. The second device 120 may receive (370) the sensing configuration.

[0151] In this way, the SF can notify the second device 120 (such as a gNB) of the determined sensing mode. This indication may also include the RS configuration for sensing. Therefore, the second device 120 can perform more appropriate actions based on the sensing mode.

[0152] Already referenced Figure 3 and Figure 7 Example embodiments for determining a sensing mode based on a sensing coverage assessment are described. In some example embodiments, the embodiments described with reference to signaling flows 300, 500, and 700 above can be used alone or in any suitable combination. For example, first information may indicate a first result of a sensing coverage assessment determined by the second device 120, and may also include coverage assessment auxiliary information. The first device 110 may determine a second result of the sensing coverage assessment based on the first coverage assessment auxiliary information. The first device 110 may then determine a sensing mode for the sensing service based on the first and second results. By using these signaling flows 300, 500, and 700, an appropriate sensing mode for the sensing service can be selected. Therefore, sensing performance in the ISAC can be improved.

[0153] It should be understood that some example specifications and implementations are provided above, and the detailed descriptions can vary.

[0154] Figure 8 A flowchart of an example method 800 implemented at a first device (such as a first device configured to operate as an SF) according to some example embodiments is shown. For the purposes of discussion, [the following will be discussed]. Figure 1The angle description method 800 of the first device 110 in the middle.

[0155] At box 810, the first device 110 sends a first request for first information to at least one second device (such as at least one network device), the first information relating to at least one assessment of at least one sensing coverage of at least one second device.

[0156] At frame 820, the first device 110 receives first information from at least one second device regarding at least one evaluation of at least one sensing coverage.

[0157] At box 830, the first device 110 determines the sensing mode for the sensing service based at least on the first information.

[0158] In some example embodiments, the first information includes coverage assessment auxiliary information, which includes at least one of the following: at least one radar coverage range of at least one second device, at least one echo signal quality of at least one second device, and at least one parameter related to the signal quality of at least one second device.

[0159] In some example embodiments, method 800 further includes: determining at least one result of at least one assessment, based at least on coverage assessment auxiliary information, whether the sensing service is within or outside at least one sensing coverage of at least one second device.

[0160] In some example embodiments, the first information includes at least one result of at least one evaluation indicating whether the sensing service is within or outside at least one sensing coverage of at least one second device.

[0161] In some example embodiments, method 800 further includes: determining, based at least on first information, that the sensing service is within the sensing coverage of a target second device in at least one second device, and determining a sensing mode in which the target second device will perform at least one of a transmitting function or a receiving function for the sensing second device.

[0162] In some example embodiments, method 800 further includes: determining, based on at least first information, that the sensing service is outside at least one sensing coverage of at least one second device, and determining a sensing mode in which the third device will perform at least one of a transmitting function or a receiving function for the sensing service.

[0163] In some example embodiments, method 800 further includes sending a configuration for sensing to a target second device in at least one second device, the configuration indicating a sensing mode.

[0164] In some example embodiments, method 800 further includes: determining a target second device from at least one second device based at least on first information.

[0165] In some example embodiments, method 800 further includes: receiving a second request for a sensing service from a fourth device, wherein the first request is sent to at least one second device in response to receiving the second request.

[0166] In some example embodiments, the second request includes second information about the sensing service, which includes at least one of the following: sensing area, location of the sensing target, sensing requirements, sensing service type, and sensing environment.

[0167] In some example embodiments, the sensing mode is determined based on first information and second information.

[0168] In some example implementations, the first request includes second information.

[0169] In some example embodiments, the first device 110 is configured to operate as a sensing function, and the second device is implemented as a network device.

[0170] Figure 9 A flowchart of an example method 900 implemented at a second device (such as a network device) according to some example embodiments is shown. For the purposes of discussion, [the following will be discussed]. Figure 1 The second device 120 in the method of angle description 900.

[0171] At box 910, the second device 120 receives a first request for first information from the first device (such as the first device 110) regarding an assessment of the sensing coverage of the second device 120.

[0172] At frame 920, the second device 120 sends first information to the first device regarding the assessment of the sensing coverage.

[0173] In some example embodiments, the first information includes coverage assessment auxiliary information, which includes at least one of the following: the radar coverage range of the second device 120, the echo signal quality of the second device 120, and parameters related to the signal quality of the second device 120.

[0174] In some example embodiments, the first information includes the result of an assessment indicating whether the sensing service is within or outside the sensing coverage of the second device 120.

[0175] In some example embodiments, method 900 further includes determining the evaluation result based on at least one of the following: the radar coverage of the second device 120, the echo signal quality of the second device 120, and parameters related to the signal quality of the second device 120.

[0176] In some example embodiments, the first request includes second information about the sensing service, the second information including at least one of the following: sensing area, location of the sensing target, sensing requirements, sensing service type, and sensing environment, wherein the evaluation result is also determined based on the second information.

[0177] In some example embodiments, method 900 further includes: receiving from a first device a configuration for sensing, the configuration indicating a sensing mode for a sensing service, the sensing mode including at least one of: a sensing mode in which a second device 120 will perform at least one of a transmitting function or a receiving function for the sensing service; and a sensing mode in which a third device will perform at least one of a transmitting function or a receiving function for the sensing service.

[0178] In some example embodiments, the first device 110 is configured to operate as a sensing function, and the second device is implemented as a network device.

[0179] In some example embodiments, a first device configured to perform any method of method 800 (e.g., Figure 1 The first device 110 may include a component for performing a corresponding operation of method 800. This component may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the component may be implemented in a circuit or software module. The first device may be implemented as or included in... Figure 1 In the first device 110.

[0180] In some example embodiments, the first device includes: components for sending a first request for first information to at least one second device, the first information relating to at least one assessment of at least one sensing coverage of at least one second device; components for receiving the first information from at least one second device relating to at least one assessment of at least one sensing coverage; and components for determining a sensing pattern for a sensing service based at least on the first information.

[0181] In some example embodiments, the first information includes coverage assessment auxiliary information, which includes at least one of the following: at least one radar coverage range of at least one second device, at least one echo signal quality of at least one second device, and at least one parameter related to the signal quality of at least one second device.

[0182] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes a component for determining at least one result of at least one assessment based at least on coverage assessment auxiliary information, the at least one result of the at least one assessment indicating whether the sensing service is within or outside at least one sensing coverage of at least one second device.

[0183] In some example embodiments, the first information includes at least one result of at least one evaluation indicating whether the sensing service is within or outside at least one sensing coverage of at least one second device.

[0184] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes: a component for determining, based on at least first information, that the sensing service is within the sensing coverage of a target second device in at least one second device, and determining a sensing mode in which the target second device is to perform at least one of a transmitting function or a receiving function for the sensing service.

[0185] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes: a component for determining, based at least on first information, that the sensing service is outside at least one sensing coverage of at least one second device, and determining a sensing mode in which the third device will perform at least one of a transmitting function or a receiving function for the sensing service.

[0186] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes a component for transmitting a configuration for sensing to a target second device in at least one second device, the configuration indicating a sensing mode.

[0187] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes a component for determining a target second device from at least one second device based at least on first information.

[0188] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes a component for receiving a second request for a sensing service from a fourth device, wherein the first request is sent to at least one second device in response to receiving the second request.

[0189] In some example embodiments, the second request includes second information about the sensing service, which includes at least one of the following: sensing area, location of the sensing target, sensing requirements, sensing service type, and sensing environment.

[0190] In some example embodiments, the sensing mode is determined based on first information and second information.

[0191] In some example implementations, the first request includes second information.

[0192] In some example embodiments, the first device is configured to operate as a sensing function, and the second device is implemented as a network device.

[0193] In some example embodiments, the first device further includes components for performing other operations in some example embodiments of method 800 or the first device 110. In some example embodiments, the components include: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause execution of the first device.

[0194] In some example embodiments, a second means configured to perform any of the methods in method 900 (e.g., Figure 1 The second device 120 may include a component for performing the corresponding operation of method 900. This component may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the component may be implemented in a circuit or software module. The second device may be implemented as or included in... Figure 1 The second device 120 in the middle.

[0195] In some example embodiments, the second device includes: a component for receiving a first request from the first device for first information relating to an assessment of sensing coverage of the second device; and a component for sending the first information relating to the assessment of sensing coverage to the first device.

[0196] In some example embodiments, the first information includes coverage assessment auxiliary information, which includes at least one of the following: the radar coverage range of the second device, the echo signal quality of the second device, and parameters related to the signal quality of the second device.

[0197] In some example embodiments, the first information includes the result of an assessment indicating whether the sensing service is within or outside the sensing coverage of the second device.

[0198] In some example embodiments, the second device further includes: a component for determining the result of the evaluation based on at least one of the following: the radar coverage of the second device, the echo signal quality of the second device, and parameters related to the signal quality of the second device.

[0199] In some example embodiments, the first request includes second information about the sensing service, the second information including at least one of the following: sensing area, location of the sensing target, sensing requirements, sensing service type, and sensing environment, wherein the evaluation result is also determined based on the second information.

[0200] In some example embodiments, the second device further includes: a component for receiving a configuration for sensing from the first device, the configuration indicating a sensing mode for a sensing service, the sensing mode including at least one of: a sensing mode in which the second device will perform at least one of a transmitting function or a receiving function for a sensing service; and a sensing mode in which the third device will perform at least one of a transmitting function or a receiving function for a sensing service.

[0201] In some example embodiments, the first device is configured to operate as a sensing function, and the second device is implemented as a network device.

[0202] In some example embodiments, the second device further includes components for performing other operations in some example embodiments of method 900 or the second device 120. In some example embodiments, the components include: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause execution of the second device.

[0203] Figure 10 This is a simplified block diagram of a device 1000 configured to implement some of the example embodiments described herein. The device 1000 can be provided to implement a communication device, such as... Figure 1 The first device 110 or the second device 120 shown. As shown, the device 1000 includes one or more processors 1010, one or more memories 1020 coupled to the processors 1010, and one or more communication modules 1040 coupled to the processors 1010.

[0204] Communication module 1040 is used for bidirectional communication. Communication module 1040 has one or more communication interfaces to facilitate communication with one or more other modules or devices. A communication interface can represent any interface used for communicating with other network elements. In some example embodiments, communication module 1040 may include at least one antenna.

[0205] Processor 1010 can be any type suitable for a local technology network and may include one or more of the following as non-limiting examples: general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, microprocessor, digital signal processor (DSP), and processor based on a multi-core processor architecture. Device 1000 may have multiple processors, such as application-specific integrated circuit chips that are time-dependent on a clock of a synchronous main processor.

[0206] Memory 1020 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, read-only memory (ROM) 1024, electrically programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard disk, miniature optical disc (CD), digital video disc (DVD), optical disc, laser disc, and other magnetic and / or optical storage. Examples of volatile memories include, but are not limited to, random access memory (RAM) 1022 and other volatile memories that will not be maintained during power outages.

[0207] Computer program 1030 includes computer-executable instructions that are executed by an associated processor 1010. The instructions of program 1030 may include instructions for performing operations / actions in some example embodiments. Program 1030 may be stored in memory, such as ROM 1024. Processor 1010 can perform any suitable actions and processes by loading program 1030 into RAM 1022.

[0208] Example embodiments can be implemented by program 1030 such that device 1000 can execute as referenced. Figures 3 to 9 Any process discussed in this disclosure. Example embodiments may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.

[0209] In some example embodiments, program 1030 may be tangibly contained in a computer-readable medium, which may be included in device 1000 (such as in memory 1020) or other storage devices accessible to device 1000. Device 1000 may load program 1030 from the computer-readable medium into RAM 1022 for execution. In some example embodiments, the computer-readable medium may include any type of non-transitory storage medium, such as ROM, EPROM, flash memory, hard disk, CD, DVD, etc. As used herein, the term "non-transitory" refers to a limitation on the medium itself (e.g., tangible, rather than tactile) rather than a limitation on data storage persistence (e.g., RAM vs. ROM).

[0210] Figure 11 An example of a computer-readable medium 1100, which may be in the form of a CD, DVD, or other optical storage disc, is shown. A program 1030 is stored on the computer-readable medium 1100.

[0211] Various example embodiments may be implemented in hardware or dedicated circuitry, software, logic, or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while others may be implemented in firmware or software executable by a controller, microprocessor, or other computing device. Although various aspects of the example embodiments are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other graphical representation, it should be understood that the blocks, apparatuses, systems, techniques, or methods described herein may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, dedicated circuitry or logic, general-purpose hardware or controllers or other computing devices, or some combination thereof, as non-limiting examples.

[0212] Some example embodiments also provide at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a computer-readable medium, such as a non-transitory computer-readable medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in a program module that executes in a device on a target physical or virtual processor, to perform any of the methods described above. A program module may include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, etc., that perform a particular task or implement a particular data type. The functionality of the program module can be combined or split as needed among program modules in various embodiments. The machine-executable instructions for the program module can execute within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, the program module can reside on both local and remote storage media.

[0213] The program code used to execute the method can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The program code can be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that, when executed by the processor or controller, the program code enables the functions / operations specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram to be implemented. The program code can be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a standalone software package, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0214] In this context, computer program code or related data can be carried by any suitable carrier to enable a device, apparatus, or processor to perform the various processes and operations described above. Examples of carriers include signals, computer-readable media, etc.

[0215] Computer-readable media can be computer-readable signal media or computer-readable storage media. Computer-readable media can include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatuses, or devices, or any suitable combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media will include electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable optical disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0216] Furthermore, although operations are described in a specific order, this should not be construed as requiring that such operations be performed in the specific order shown or sequentially, or that all shown operations be performed to achieve the desired result. In some cases, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, although several specific implementation details are included in the discussion above, these should not be interpreted as limitations on the scope of the exemplary embodiments, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular exemplary embodiments. Unless explicitly stated otherwise, certain features described in the context of a single exemplary embodiment may also be implemented in combination in a single exemplary embodiment. Conversely, unless explicitly stated otherwise, various features described in the context of a single exemplary embodiment may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple exemplary embodiments.

[0217] Although various exemplary embodiments of this disclosure have been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological actions, it should be understood that the various exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to the specific features or actions described above. Rather, the specific features and actions described above are disclosed as exemplary forms for implementing the various exemplary embodiments of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A first device, comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, the at least one memory storing instructions, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to: Send a first request for first information to at least one second device, the first information relating to at least one assessment of at least one sensing coverage of the at least one second device; Receive the first information from the at least one second device regarding the at least one evaluation of the at least one sensing coverage; as well as Based at least on the first information, the sensing pattern for the sensing service is determined.

2. The first apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first information includes coverage assessment assistance information, the coverage assessment assistance information including at least one of the following: At least one radar coverage area of ​​the at least one second device At least one echo signal quality of the at least one second device, and At least one parameter related to the signal quality of the at least one second device.

3. The first device according to claim 2, wherein the first device is further configured to: At least one result of determining whether the sensing service is within or outside the at least one sensing coverage of the at least one second device, based at least on the coverage assessment auxiliary information.

4. The first device according to claim 1, wherein the first information includes at least one result of the at least one evaluation indicating whether the sensing service is within or outside the at least one sensing coverage of the at least one second device.

5. The first device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first device is configured to: Based on at least the first information, it is determined that the sensing service is within the sensing coverage of the target second device in the at least one second device, and the sensing mode is determined as follows: wherein the target second device is to perform at least one of a transmitting function and a receiving function for the sensing service.

6. The first device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first device is configured to: Based on at least the first information, it is determined that the sensing service is outside the sensing coverage of at least one of the at least one second device, and the following sensing mode is determined: wherein the third device performs at least one of a sending function and a receiving function for the sensing service.

7. The first device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first device is further configured to: A configuration for sensing, indicating the sensing mode, is sent to a target second device in the at least one second device.

8. The first device according to claim 7, wherein the first device is further configured to: The target second device is determined from the at least one second device based at least on the first information.

9. The first device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first device is further configured to: Receive a second request for the sensing service from the fourth device. The first request is sent to the at least one second device in response to receiving the second request.

10. The first apparatus of claim 9, wherein the second request includes second information regarding the sensing service, the second information including at least one of the following: Sensing area Detect the position of the target. Sensing requirements, Sensing service types, and Sensing the environment.

11. The first apparatus of claim 10, wherein the sensing mode is determined based on the first information and the second information.

12. The first apparatus of claim 10, wherein the first request includes the second information.

13. The first device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the first device is configured to operate as a sensing function, and the second device is implemented as a network device.

14. A second device, comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, the at least one memory storing instructions, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to: Receive a first request from the first device for first information, the first information being an assessment of sensing coverage of the second device; as well as The first information regarding the assessment of the sensing coverage is sent to the first device.

15. The second apparatus of claim 14, wherein the first information includes coverage assessment assistance information, the coverage assessment assistance information including at least one of the following: The radar coverage area of ​​the second device, The echo signal quality of the second device, and Parameters related to the signal quality of the second device.

16. The second apparatus of claim 14, wherein the first information includes the result of the evaluation indicating whether the sensing service is within or outside the sensing coverage of the second apparatus.

17. The second device according to claim 16, wherein the second device is further configured to: The result of the evaluation shall be determined based on at least one of the following: The radar coverage area of ​​the second device, The echo signal quality of the second device, and Parameters related to the signal quality of the second device.

18. The second apparatus of claim 17, wherein the first request includes second information regarding the sensing service, the second information including at least one of the following: Sensing area Detect the position of the target. Sensing requirements, Sensing service types, and Sensing the environment, The results of the assessment are also determined based on the second information.

19. The second device according to any one of claims 14 to 18, wherein the second device is further configured to: Receives a configuration for sensing from the first device, the configuration indicating a sensing mode for the sensing service, the sensing mode including at least one of the following: The second device shall perform a sensing mode that includes at least one of the sending and receiving functions for the sensing service; The third device shall perform a sensing mode that includes at least one of the sending and receiving functions for the sensing service.

20. The second device according to any one of claims 14 to 19, wherein the first device is configured to operate as a sensing function, and the second device is implemented as a network device.

21. A method comprising: A first request for first information is sent from a first device to at least one second device, the first information relating to at least one assessment of at least one sensing coverage of the at least one second device; Receive the first information from the at least one second device regarding the at least one evaluation of the at least one sensing coverage; as well as Based at least on the first information, the sensing pattern for the sensing service is determined.

22. A method comprising: At the second device, a first request is received from the first device for first information, the first information being an assessment of sensing coverage of the second device; as well as The first information regarding the assessment of the sensing coverage is sent to the first and second devices.

23. A first device, comprising: A component for sending a first request for first information to at least one second device, the first information relating to at least one assessment of at least one sensing coverage of the at least one second device; A component for receiving the first information from the at least one second device, the first information relating to the at least one evaluation of the at least one sensing coverage; as well as A component for determining the sensing mode for the sensing service based at least on the first information.

24. A second device, comprising: A component for receiving a first request from a first device for first information relating to an assessment of sensing coverage of the second device; as well as A component for sending the first information about the assessment of the sensing coverage to the first device.

25. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a device, cause the device to perform at least the method of claim 21 or the method of claim 22.

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