Leisure soil moisture conservation water, soil and fertilizer collaborative covering device

Abstract

The invention discloses a leisure soil moisture conservation water, soil and fertilizer collaborative covering device, which relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and comprises a feeding bin, an upper crushing roller, a lower crushing roller, an upper pressing arm, a lower pressing arm, a mixing hopper and a feeding hopper. According to the device, soil moisture conservation covering is carried out on the surface layer of soil in the leisure period by disassembling the straw grass rolls, the problem that a traditional covering mode depends on a combine harvester is effectively solved, the straw grass rolls are disassembled by arranging the feeding bin, the upper crushing roller and the lower crushing roller, and the crop yield is improved while the space-time limitation is solved. According to the straw straw roll disassembling device, secondary crushing is completed in the straw straw roll disassembling process, smooth decomposition after straw covering is guaranteed while uniform straw covering is guaranteed, the straw straw roll can be mixed with nitrogen fertilizer after being disassembled and covers the surface of soil together, cooperation of water, soil and fertilizer on the surface of the soil is achieved, and therefore the soil moisture preservation effect of the soil is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a mulching device for conserving moisture, soil and fertilizer during periods of rest. background

[0002] In the dryland farming areas of northern my country, the land fallow system is widely adopted, which involves setting a rest period between two crop seasons to retain natural rainfall and restore soil fertility. During this fallow period, straw mulching is a crucial "fallow and moisture conservation" agronomic measure. Its core purpose is to evenly cover the soil surface with crop straw, forming a physical barrier that effectively inhibits soil moisture evaporation, regulates soil temperature, suppresses weeds, and increases soil organic matter through straw decomposition. Ultimately, this achieves "water, soil, and fertilizer synergy," laying the foundation for high and stable yields of subsequent crops.

[0003] Currently, the main method for achieving straw mulching relies on the straw crushing and spreading devices integrated into combine harvesters. During harvesting, the straw is crushed and directly spread in the field. However, this method has significant limitations:

[0004] Poor uniformity of spreading: The main function of the harvester is to harvest grain, and its straw crushing and spreading device is an auxiliary function. It has problems such as insufficient power and insufficient design optimization, which leads to the crushed straw often being concentrated in ridges and unevenly distributed. Uneven coverage will directly lead to unstable soil moisture retention. Excessively thick straw in some areas will also affect the emergence of seedlings in the next crop, while thin straw in some areas cannot effectively suppress weeds and water evaporation.

[0005] Poor spatiotemporal coordination: This method forcibly binds the harvesting and covering processes together. In order to complete the covering, farmers must operate during harvesting and cannot choose the best time to cover based on soil moisture, weather conditions, etc.

[0006] Precise water and fertilizer synergy cannot be achieved: When straw decomposes in the soil, microorganisms need to consume nitrogen, which easily competes with seedlings for nutrients, leading to a "nitrogen competition" phenomenon. Existing technologies cannot conveniently and accurately supplement nitrogen fertilizer to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio while covering straw, thus affecting the decomposition speed of straw and the effectiveness of water and fertilizer synergy.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a recreational soil moisture retention and fertilization mulching device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a recreational soil moisture retention and fertilization mulching device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a recreational soil moisture retention and fertilization mulching device, comprising:

[0010] A feeding bin with wheels underneath is used to provide a working space for dismantling straw bales.

[0011] The upper crushing roller is rotatably located inside the feeding hopper;

[0012] The lower crushing roller is rotatably disposed inside the feeding bin and located below the upper crushing roller. The diameter of the lower crushing roller is larger than that of the upper crushing roller. Multiple annular guide plates are fixedly provided on the outer side walls of both the lower and upper crushing rollers. Crushing blades are fixedly provided on the outer side of each of the multiple guide plates. The upper and lower crushing rollers are used to disassemble and crush straw rolls.

[0013] The upper pressure arm and the lower pressure arm are rotatably located inside the feeding bin. The upper pressure arm and the lower pressure arm are used to guide the straw rolls closer to the lower crushing roller.

[0014] A mixing hopper is located at one end of the lower surface of the feeding hopper. A rotating shaft is installed inside the mixing hopper, and multiple soil turning blades are arranged around the outside of the rotating shaft. The mixing hopper is used to mix straw and nitrogen fertilizer and put it onto the coating surface. The soil turning blades are used to achieve shallow tillage of the soil surface.

[0015] A feeding hopper, which is fixed at the top of the feeding hopper and above the mixing hopper, is used to feed nitrogen fertilizer.

[0016] Preferably, the drive shaft is rotatably located on the outside of the feeding bin and is connected to one end of the lower crushing roller via a belt. The drive shaft is used to provide rotational power to the lower crushing roller.

[0017] A drive belt is located between the lower crushing roller and the upper crushing roller. The lower crushing roller drives the upper crushing roller to rotate via the drive belt. The lower crushing roller shreds and dismantles the straw rolls by using a large diameter and low speed. The upper crushing roller drives the straw rolls to rotate by using a small diameter and high speed to complete the continuous dismantling of the straw rolls. A channel is formed between the upper and lower crushing rollers for the straw rolls to pass through after dismantling.

[0018] Preferably, the rollers are provided in multiple sets and are respectively located at one end of the upper pressure arm and the lower pressure arm;

[0019] The swing arm has two sets, which are respectively fixed to the other end of the upper pressure arm and the lower pressure arm;

[0020] The tilting hydraulic cylinder has two sets, which are fixedly installed at both ends of the inside of the feeding bin. One end of each of the two tilting hydraulic cylinders is connected to one end of each of the two swing arms through a pin. The tilting hydraulic cylinder drives the upper and lower pressure arms to rotate through the swing arms to guide the straw roll.

[0021] Preferably, there are multiple mixing baffles, all of which are arranged inside the soil-turning knives. Through grooves are provided in the middle of each of the multiple mixing baffles. The multiple mixing baffles and the multiple soil-turning knives form a space for mixing nitrogen fertilizer and crushed straw. During the rotation of the soil-turning knives, the surface soil is broken to achieve the mixing of nitrogen fertilizer, crushed straw and soil.

[0022] Preferably, there are two driving rods, which are rotatably arranged at the inner top of the mixing hopper. Mixing forks are fixedly arranged on one side of the two driving rods close to each other. The mixing forks on one side of the two driving rods are all in a "丿" shape and are arranged in a staggered manner. The two driving rods drive the mixing forks to swing back and forth to scatter the nitrogen fertilizer and crushed straw.

[0023] Preferably, the driving turntable is rotatably arranged outside the mixing hopper, and the middle of the driving turntable is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft;

[0024] The transmission plate is slidably arranged outside the mixing hopper and is located on one side of the driving turntable. The two ends of the transmission plate are respectively fixedly provided with a lower movable frame and an upper movable frame. The lower movable frame and the upper movable frame are both horizontal structures. An movable block is slidably arranged inside the lower movable frame, and the movable block is fixedly arranged on the side of the driving turntable away from the rotating shaft. A transmission block is slidably arranged inside the upper movable frame. One end of the transmission block is fixedly provided with a transmission arm, and the top end of the transmission arm is fixedly connected to one end of the driving rod;

[0025] The sliding seat and the sliding rail, the sliding seat is fixedly arranged in the middle of one side of the transmission plate, the sliding rail is fixedly arranged outside the mixing hopper, and the sliding seat is slidably arranged outside the sliding rail. The sliding seat and the sliding rail are used to limit the transmission plate to only slide up and down;

[0026] The mixing motor is fixedly arranged outside the mixing hopper and the output shaft is connected to one end of the rotating shaft. The mixing motor is used to provide power for the soil-turning knives.

[0027] Preferably, the material guiding cover is fixedly arranged at the top of the mixing hopper and is slidably arranged at the inner bottom end of the feeding bin;

[0028] The support frame is fixedly arranged outside the mixing hopper;

[0029] The fixing frame is fixedly arranged at one end of the lower surface of the feeding bin and is located outside the support frame;

[0030] The lifting hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged outside the fixing frame and the output end is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support frame. The lifting hydraulic cylinder is used to adjust the height of the mixing hopper.

[0031] Preferably, the crushing edge is of a triangular structure, and the crushing edges on the outer sides of the upper crushing roller and the lower crushing roller are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0032] Preferably, a conveyor belt is located at the bottom of the feed hopper, the conveyor belt being used to guide the straw bales to below the lower pressure arm.

[0033] Preferably, the tailgate is rotatably located at one end of the feeding hopper, and a tail hydraulic cylinder is provided between the outer wall of the tailgate and one end of the feeding hopper.

[0034] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0035] 1. This invention effectively solves the problem of relying on combine harvesters for moisture retention in the surface layer of fallow soil by dismantling straw bales. By setting up a feeding bin, upper crushing roller and lower crushing roller to dismantle the straw bales, the invention overcomes the time and space limitations and allows the straw bales to be crushed twice during the dismantling process. This ensures uniform coverage of straw and smooth decomposition after coverage. Furthermore, after dismantling, the straw bales can be mixed with nitrogen fertilizer and covered on the soil surface together to achieve synergistic effects of water, soil and fertilizer on the soil surface, thereby improving the soil moisture retention effect.

[0036] 2. This invention employs a simultaneous covering and shallow tillage method for covering operations. Multiple sets of rotatable tillage blades are used, each divided into several zones by mixing baffles. The disassembled straw and nitrogen fertilizer are mixed within these zones, along with the soil turned up by the tillage blades, and then covered onto the soil surface. This simultaneous covering and shallow tillage of the soil surface creates a covering layer between the straw and soil. This ensures water retention and moisture conservation while simultaneously covering the nitrogen fertilizer, allowing for control over nitrogen fertilizer volatilization and straw decomposition rates, thus further enhancing soil moisture retention.

[0037] 3. This invention incorporates two sets of oscillating mixing forks inside the mixing hopper. As the disassembled straw rolls fall into the mixing hopper, they are influenced by the mixing forks. The two sets of oscillating mixing forks shake the disassembled straw rolls upwards, completely dispersing them. The dispersed straw rolls are then further mixed with nitrogen fertilizer to prevent them from clumping together and affecting subsequent covering operations. Furthermore, the dispersing process further mixes the straw rolls with nitrogen fertilizer, enhancing the soil moisture retention effect. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the feeding hopper of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the feeding hopper structure of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper and lower crushing rollers of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the upper crushing roller structure of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mixing hopper structure of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mixing hopper of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the soil-turning blade structure of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the mixing fork structure of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the drive turntable structure of the present invention.

[0048] In the diagram: 1. Feeding bin; 11. Conveyor belt; 12. Tailgate; 121. Tail hydraulic cylinder; 2. Upper crushing roller; 201. Guide plate; 202. Crushing blade; 21. Drive shaft; 22. Transmission belt; 3. Lower crushing roller; 4. Upper pressure arm; 41. Lower pressure arm; 42. Drum; 43. Tilting hydraulic cylinder; 44. Swing arm; 5. Mixing hopper; 51. Rotary shaft; 511. Mixing motor; 52. Tilting blade 521. Mixing baffle; 522. Through slot; 53. Transmission rod; 54. Mixing fork; 55. Drive turntable; 56. Transmission plate; 561. Lower movable frame; 562. Movable block; 563. Upper movable frame; 564. Transmission arm; 565. Transmission block; 566. Slide seat; 567. Slide rail; 57. Guide cover; 58. Support frame; 59. Fixed frame; 591. Lifting hydraulic cylinder; 6. Feeding hopper. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the leisure soil moisture retention and fertilization mulching device provided by the present invention is essentially a leisure soil moisture retention and fertilization mulching device that covers the surface of the soil during the leisure period by dismantling straw rolls. The device dismantles the straw rolls by setting up a feeding bin 1, an upper crushing roller 2, and a lower crushing roller 3. This solves the time and space limitations and allows the straw rolls to be crushed twice during the dismantling process. This ensures that the straw is evenly covered and decomposes smoothly after being covered. Furthermore, after dismantling, the straw rolls can be mixed with nitrogen fertilizer and covered together on the soil surface to achieve synergistic effects of water, soil, and fertilizer on the soil surface, thereby improving the soil moisture retention effect.

[0052] In terms of specific structural installation, the structural body can be constructed according to the inventive concept of this embodiment. In this embodiment, no special limitations are imposed.

[0053] In this embodiment, a recreational soil moisture retention and fertilization mulching device includes:

[0054] Feeding bin 1, which is equipped with wheels underneath, is used to provide working space for dismantling straw bales;

[0055] Conveyor belt 11 is located at the bottom of the inside of the feeding bin 1. Conveyor belt 11 is used to guide the straw bales to the bottom of the pressure arm 41.

[0056] Tailgate 12 is rotatably located at one end of feeding bin 1, and a tail hydraulic cylinder 121 is provided between the outer wall of tailgate 12 and one end of feeding bin 1.

[0057] The upper crushing roller 2 is rotatably located inside the feeding bin 1;

[0058] The lower crushing roller 3 is rotatably located inside the feeding bin 1 and below the upper crushing roller 2. The diameter of the lower crushing roller 3 is larger than that of the upper crushing roller 2. Multiple annular guide plates 201 are fixedly provided on the outer walls of both the lower crushing roller 3 and the upper crushing roller 2. Crushing blades 202 are fixedly provided on the outer sides of the multiple guide plates 201. The upper crushing roller 2 and the lower crushing roller 3 are used to disassemble and crush straw rolls.

[0059] The drive shaft 21 is rotatably located on the outside of the feeding bin 1 and is connected to one end of the lower crushing roller 3 via a belt. The drive shaft 21 is used to provide rotational power for the lower crushing roller 3.

[0060] A transmission belt 22 is located between the lower crushing roller 3 and the upper crushing roller 2. The lower crushing roller 3 drives the upper crushing roller 2 to rotate via the transmission belt 22. The lower crushing roller 3 shreds and dismantles the straw rolls by using a large diameter and low speed. The upper crushing roller 2 drives the straw rolls to rotate by using a small diameter and high speed to complete the continuous dismantling of the straw rolls. A channel is formed between the upper crushing roller 2 and the lower crushing roller 3 for the straw rolls to pass through after dismantling.

[0061] The crushing blade 202 has a triangular structure, and the crushing blades 202 on the outer sides of the upper crushing roller 2 and the lower crushing roller 3 are staggered.

[0062] The upper pressure arm 4 and the lower pressure arm 41 are rotatably located inside the feeding bin 1. The upper pressure arm 4 and the lower pressure arm 41 are used to guide the straw rolls closer to the lower crushing roller 3.

[0063] Roller 42, which is provided in multiple sets and is respectively located at one end of the upper pressure arm 4 and the lower pressure arm 41;

[0064] The swing arm 44 has two sets, which are respectively fixed to the other end of the upper pressure arm 4 and the lower pressure arm 41;

[0065] The tilting hydraulic cylinder 43 is provided in two sets and is fixedly installed at both ends of the inside of the feeding bin 1. One end of the two tilting hydraulic cylinders 43 is connected to one end of the two swing arms 44 through a pin. The tilting hydraulic cylinder 43 drives the upper pressure arm 4 and the lower pressure arm 41 to rotate through the swing arms 44 to guide the straw roll.

[0066] The mixing hopper 5 is located at one end of the lower surface of the feeding bin 1. The mixing hopper 5 has a rotating shaft 51 inside, and multiple soil turning blades 52 are arranged around the outside of the rotating shaft 51. The mixing hopper 5 is used to mix straw and nitrogen fertilizer and put it onto the soil surface. The soil turning blades 52 are used to achieve shallow tillage of the soil surface.

[0067] When using the fallow soil moisture retention and fertilization mulching device of this embodiment, a tractor or other traction mechanism is used to pull the feeding bin 1 to the fallow land and control the tail gate 12 to open, and put the straw roll into the feeding bin 1. At this time, the conveyor belt 11 transports the straw roll towards the lower crushing roller 3. During this process, the lower pressure arm 41 is in a downward pressing state, and the roller 42 at one end of the lower pressure arm 41 slides and adheres to the upper surface of the conveyor belt 11. The straw roll moves to the upper part of the lower pressure arm 41 under the traction of the conveyor belt 11. At this time, the tilting hydraulic cylinder 43 is controlled to retract. The tilting hydraulic cylinder 43 drives the lower pressure arm 41 and the upper pressure arm 4 to tilt through the swing arm 44. The lower pressure arm 41 drives the straw roll to tilt, so that the straw roll is close to the lower crushing roller 3. When the straw roll is in contact with the lower crushing roller 3, the upper pressure arm 4 tilts to the upper part of the straw roll and presses the straw roll tightly through the roller 42. During this process, the straw roll is fed.

[0068] After the straw bales are fed, the tractor's power output drives the drive shaft 21 to rotate. The drive shaft 21 drives the lower crushing roller 3 to rotate via a belt. The lower crushing roller 3 drives the upper crushing roller 2 to rotate synchronously via a transmission belt 22. Because the diameter of the lower crushing roller 3 is larger than that of the upper crushing roller 2, the rotational speed of the lower crushing roller 3 is lower than that of the upper crushing roller 2. During the dismantling and crushing of the straw bales, the lower crushing roller 3 has a larger contact area with the straw bales. The crushing blades 202 on the outer side of the lower crushing roller 3 exert a tearing force on the straw bales after inserting into them. The crushing blades 202 on the outer side of the upper crushing roller 2 exert a traction force that causes the straw bales to flip after inserting into them. During this process, the straw... The surface of the straw roll is disassembled, and the disassembled straw shreds pass through the channel between the upper crushing roller 2 and the lower crushing roller 3 to reach the top of the mixing hopper 5. The straw roll rotates under the traction of the upper crushing roller 2 to achieve continuous disassembly of the straw roll. During the disassembly process, the tilting hydraulic cylinder 43 slowly retracts, causing the upper pressure arm 4 and the lower pressure arm 41 to gradually tilt, so as to ensure that the straw roll can still be clamped and adhered to the surface of the lower crushing roller 3 after the diameter is reduced during the disassembly process. During the insertion process of the straw roll, some straw shreds fall above the conveyor belt 11. The conveyor belt 11 drives the straw shreds to move, so that the straw shreds fall into the mixing hopper 5 through the gap between the lower crushing roller 3 and the bottom inner wall of the feeding bin 1.

[0069] The dismantled straw falls freely into the mixing hopper 5. During this process, nitrogen fertilizer can be added to the feeding bin 1 through the feeding hopper 6. After entering the feeding bin 1, the nitrogen fertilizer falls into the mixing hopper 5 together with the straw and is then covered on the soil surface.

[0070] It should be noted that the traction structure in all embodiments of this technical solution can be an agricultural tractor head. The drive shaft 21 in this technical solution can be connected to the output shaft of the agricultural tractor head through a coupling, or it can be connected to an external motor as a power source. The hydraulic cylinder in this technical solution can be connected to the hydraulic system of the tractor head for control, or it can be driven by an independent power source. No restrictions are placed on the above power structures as long as the normal implementation of this technical solution is guaranteed.

[0071] It should be further noted that the feeding hopper 6 in all embodiments of this technical solution can be connected to an external automatic feeder for automatic nitrogen fertilizer dispensing. Under the premise of ensuring the normal implementation of this technical solution, there are no restrictions on the nitrogen fertilizer dispensing method.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] This embodiment, as a supplement to Embodiment 1, considers that directly covering the soil surface with chopped straw is not conducive to controlling the straw decomposition rate. Therefore, this invention provides a leisure soil moisture retention and water-fertilizer co-covering device. Essentially, this device can simultaneously perform straw covering and shallow soil tillage. It uses multiple sets of rotatable tilling blades 52, each divided into multiple areas by multiple mixing baffles 521. The disassembled straw and nitrogen fertilizer are mixed in these areas and then mixed with the soil turned up by the tilling blades 52. This mixture is then applied to the soil surface, achieving both covering and shallow tillage of the soil surface. This creates a covering layer between the straw and soil, ensuring water and moisture retention while also covering the nitrogen fertilizer. This allows for control of the nitrogen fertilizer volatilization rate and the straw decomposition rate, further improving the soil moisture retention effect.

[0074] In terms of specific structural installation, the structural body can be constructed according to the inventive concept of this embodiment. In this embodiment, no special limitations are imposed.

[0075] In this embodiment, as Figures 6 to 8 As shown, a recreational soil moisture retention and fertilization mulching device includes:

[0076] Mixing baffles 521 are provided in multiple locations inside the turning blades 52. A through groove 522 is provided in the middle of each mixing baffle 521. The multiple mixing baffles 521 and the multiple turning blades 52 form a space for mixing nitrogen fertilizer and chopped straw. During the rotation of the turning blades 52, the surface soil is broken up to achieve the mixing of nitrogen fertilizer, chopped straw and soil.

[0077] The mixing motor 511 is fixedly installed on the outside of the mixing hopper 5 and its output shaft is connected to one end of the rotating shaft 51. The mixing motor 511 is used to provide power to the turning blade 52.

[0078] The guide cover 57 is fixedly installed at the top of the mixing hopper 5 and slidably installed at the bottom of the inner end of the feeding bin 1. During the lifting and lowering process of the mixing hopper 5, the guide cover 57 can ensure that the passage between the mixing hopper 5 and the feeding bin 1 remains unobstructed.

[0079] Support frame 58 is fixedly installed on the outside of mixing hopper 5;

[0080] The fixing frame 59 is fixedly installed at one end of the lower surface of the feeding bin 1 and located outside the support frame 58;

[0081] The lifting hydraulic cylinder 591 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the fixed frame 59 and its output end is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support frame 58. The lifting hydraulic cylinder 591 is used to adjust the height of the mixing hopper 5.

[0082] The feeding hopper 6 is fixedly arranged at the top of the feeding bin 1 and above the mixing hopper 5, and the feeding hopper 6 is used for discharging nitrogen fertilizer.

[0083] When using a leisure moisture-preserving soil-water-fertilizer collaborative covering device of this embodiment, the mixing motor 511 drives the soil-turning knives 52 to rotate through the rotating shaft 51. During the rotation of the multiple soil-turning knives 52, the surface layer of the soil is broken and the broken soil is shoveled up. Part of the soil is shoveled into the space inside the soil-turning knives 52 and mixed with crushed straw and nitrogen fertilizer. The crushed straw, nitrogen fertilizer, and soil inside the soil-turning knives 52 are thrown out onto the soil surface under the continuous rotation of the soil-turning knives 52. During this process, the crushed straw, nitrogen fertilizer, and soil are mixed and a covering layer is formed.

[0084] Embodiment III

[0085] As a supplement to Embodiment I and Embodiment II, considering that the straw bales are prone to clumping during the disassembly process, and the clumped crushed straw will cause the covering layer to be uneven and affect the moisture-preserving treatment of the soil. According to a leisure moisture-preserving soil-water-fertilizer collaborative covering device provided by the present invention, its essence is a leisure moisture-preserving soil-water-fertilizer collaborative covering device that can avoid the clumping of crushed straw. By arranging two groups of swinging mixing forks 54 inside the mixing hopper 5, during the process of the disassembled straw bales falling into the mixing hopper 5, the two groups of swinging mixing forks 54 affect the straw bales, and the two groups of swinging mixing forks 54 lift the disassembled straw bales upward, so that the disassembled straw bales are completely shaken loose. The shaken loose straw bales are further mixed with nitrogen fertilizer to avoid the straw bales from clumping and affecting the subsequent covering operation. Moreover, during the shaking process, the straw bales are further mixed with nitrogen fertilizer to improve the moisture-preserving effect of the soil.

[0086] In terms of specific structural installation, the structural body can be constructed according to the inventive concept of this embodiment. In this embodiment, no special limitation is made.

[0087] In this embodiment, as Figures 9 to 10 shown, a leisure moisture-preserving soil-water-fertilizer collaborative covering device includes:

[0088] There are two transmission rods 53, and both are rotatably arranged at the inner top of the mixing hopper 5. On one side of the two transmission rods 53 close to each other, mixing forks 54 are fixedly arranged. The mixing forks 54 on one side of the two transmission rods 53 are all in a "丿" shape structure and are arranged in an alternating manner. The two transmission rods 53 drive the mixing forks 54 to swing reciprocally to shake loose the nitrogen fertilizer and the crushed straw. The upturned structure at the end of the mixing fork 54 can better gather the crushed straw to ensure that the crushed straw can be shaken up instead of falling along the mixing fork 54;

[0089] The driving turntable 55 is rotatably arranged outside the mixing hopper 5, and the middle part of the driving turntable 55 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 51;

[0090] The transmission plate 56 is slidably disposed on the outside of the mixing hopper 5 and located on one side of the drive turntable 55. The two ends of the transmission plate 56 are respectively fixed with a lower movable frame 561 and an upper movable frame 563. Both the lower movable frame 561 and the upper movable frame 563 are horizontal structures. The lower movable frame 561 is slidably disposed with a movable block 562 inside, and the movable block 562 is fixedly disposed on the side of the drive turntable 55 away from the rotating shaft 51. The upper movable frame 563 is slidably disposed with a transmission block 565 inside. One end of the transmission block 565 is fixedly disposed with a transmission arm 564, and the top end of the transmission arm 564 is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission rod 53.

[0091] The slide block 566 and the slide rail 567 are fixedly disposed on the middle of one side of the transmission plate 56, and the slide rail 567 is fixedly disposed on the outside of the mixing hopper 5. The slide block 566 is slidably disposed on the outside of the slide rail 567. The slide block 566 and the slide rail 567 are used to restrict the transmission plate 56 to slide only up and down.

[0092] When using the leisure soil moisture retention and fertilizer synergistic covering device of this embodiment, the rotating shaft 51 drives the drive turntable 55 to rotate. The drive turntable 55 squeezes the lower movable frame 561 through the movable block 562 on its outer side. After being squeezed, the lower movable frame 561 drives the transmission plate 56 to move up and down reciprocally. The transmission plate 56 drives the upper movable frame 563 to move up and down reciprocally. The upper movable frame 563 drives the transmission arm 564 to swing back and forth by squeezing the transmission block 565. The transmission arm 564 drives the transmission rod 53 to rotate back and forth. The transmission rod 53 drives the mixing fork 54 to swing back and forth. The two sets of mixing forks 54 swing back and forth to achieve the shaking and dispersing of the chopped straw.

[0093] It should be noted that in this embodiment, dust covers are provided on the outside of the drive turntable 55, transmission plate 56, movable block 562, transmission arm 564 and other structures to prevent straw or soil from affecting the operation of the above transmission structures.

[0094] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A recreational soil moisture retention and fertilization mulching device, characterized in that, include: The feeding bin (1) is equipped with wheels underneath, and the feeding bin (1) is used to provide working space for dismantling straw bales; The upper crushing roller (2) is rotatably located inside the feeding bin (1); The lower crushing roller (3) is rotatably disposed inside the feeding bin (1) and located below the upper crushing roller (2). The diameter of the lower crushing roller (3) is larger than that of the upper crushing roller (2). Multiple annular guide plates (201) are fixedly provided on the outer side walls of both the lower crushing roller (3) and the upper crushing roller (2). Crushing blades (202) are fixedly provided on the outer side of each of the multiple guide plates (201). The upper crushing roller (2) and the lower crushing roller (3) are used to disassemble and crush straw rolls. The upper pressure arm (4) and the lower pressure arm (41) are rotatably located inside the feeding bin (1). The upper pressure arm (4) and the lower pressure arm (41) are used to guide the straw rolls closer to the lower crushing roller (3). A mixing hopper (5) is located at one end of the lower surface of the feeding bin (1). A rotating shaft (51) is installed inside the mixing hopper (5). Multiple soil turning blades (52) are arranged around the outside of the rotating shaft (51). The mixing hopper (5) is used to mix straw with nitrogen fertilizer and put it onto the coating surface. The soil turning blades (52) are used to achieve shallow tillage of the soil surface. The feeding hopper (6) is fixed at the top of the feeding bin (1) and above the mixing hopper (5). The feeding hopper (6) is used to feed nitrogen fertilizer.

2. The recreational soil moisture retention and fertilization mulching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A drive shaft (21) is rotatably located on the outside of the feeding bin (1) and is connected to one end of the lower crushing roller (3) via a belt. The drive shaft (21) is used to provide rotational power to the lower crushing roller (3). A transmission belt (22) is provided between the lower crushing roller (3) and the upper crushing roller (2). The lower crushing roller (3) drives the upper crushing roller (2) to rotate through the transmission belt (22). The lower crushing roller (3) tears and dismantles the straw rolls by a large diameter and a low speed. The upper crushing roller (2) drives the straw rolls to rotate by a small diameter and a high speed to complete the continuous dismantling of the straw rolls. A channel is formed between the upper crushing roller (2) and the lower crushing roller (3) for the straw rolls to pass through after dismantling.

3. The recreational soil moisture retention and fertilization mulching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Roller (42) is provided in multiple sets and is respectively located at one end of the upper pressure arm (4) and the lower pressure arm (41); The swing arm (44) has two sets and is fixedly installed at the other end of the upper pressure arm (4) and the lower pressure arm (41); The tilting hydraulic cylinder (43) is provided in two sets and is fixedly installed at both ends of the inside of the feeding bin (1). One end of the two tilting hydraulic cylinders (43) is connected to one end of the two swing arms (44) through a pin. The tilting hydraulic cylinder (43) drives the upper pressure arm (4) and the lower pressure arm (41) to rotate through the swing arms (44) to guide the straw roll.

4. The recreational soil moisture retention and fertilization mulching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The mixing baffle (521) is provided with multiple ones and are all arranged inside the soil-turning blade (52). Through grooves (522) are penetrated through the middle parts of the multiple mixing baffles (521). The multiple mixing baffles (521) and the multiple soil-turning blades (52) form a space for mixing nitrogen fertilizer and crushed straw. During the rotation of the soil-turning blade (52), the surface soil is broken to realize the mixing of nitrogen fertilizer, crushed straw and soil.

5. A recreational soil moisture retention and fertilization mulching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes: The transmission rods (53) are provided with two ones and are both rotatably arranged at the inner top end of the mixing hopper (5). Mixing forks (54) are fixedly arranged on the mutually close sides of the two transmission rods (53). The mixing forks (54) on one side of the two transmission rods (53) are all in a "丿” shaped structure and are arranged in a staggered manner. The two transmission rods (53) drive the mixing forks (54) to swing reciprocally to scatter the nitrogen fertilizer and the crushed straw.

6. A recreational soil moisture retention and fertilization mulching device according to claim 5, characterized in that, It further includes: The driving turntable (55) is rotatably arranged outside the mixing hopper (5), and the middle part of the driving turntable (55) is fixedly connected with one end of the rotating shaft (51); The transmission plate (56) is slidably arranged outside the mixing hopper (5) and is located on one side of the driving turntable (55). The two ends of the transmission plate (56) are respectively fixedly provided with a lower movable frame (561) and an upper movable frame (563). The lower movable frame (561) and the upper movable frame (563) are both in a horizontal structure. A movable block (562) is slidably arranged inside the lower movable frame (561), and the movable block (562) is fixedly arranged on the side of the driving turntable (55) far away from the rotating shaft (51). A transmission block (565) is slidably arranged inside the upper movable frame (563). One end of the transmission block (565) is fixedly provided with a transmission arm (564), and the top end of the transmission arm (564) is fixedly connected with one end of the transmission rod (53); The sliding seat (566) and the sliding rail (567). The sliding seat (566) is fixedly arranged in the middle of one side of the transmission plate (56). The sliding rail (567) is fixedly arranged outside the mixing hopper (5). The sliding seat (566) is slidably arranged outside the sliding rail (567). The sliding seat (566) and the sliding rail (567) are used to limit that the transmission plate (56) can only slide up and down; The mixing motor (511) is fixedly arranged outside the mixing hopper (5) and the output shaft is connected with one end of the rotating shaft (51). The mixing motor (511) is used to provide power for the soil-turning blade (52).

7. A recreational soil moisture retention and fertilization mulching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes: The material guiding cover (57) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the mixing hopper (5) and is slidably arranged at the inner bottom end of the feeding bin (1); The support frame (58) is fixedly arranged outside the mixing hopper (5); The fixing frame (59) is fixedly arranged at one end of the lower surface of the feeding bin (1) and is located outside the support frame (58); The lifting hydraulic cylinder (591) is fixedly arranged outside the fixing frame (59) and the output end is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the support frame (58). The lifting hydraulic cylinder (591) is used to adjust the height of the mixing hopper (5).

8. A recreational soil moisture retention and fertilization mulching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes: The crushing blade (202) has a triangular structure, and the crushing blades (202) on the outer sides of the upper crushing roller (2) and the lower crushing roller (3) are staggered.

9. A recreational soil moisture retention and fertilization mulching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A conveyor belt (11) is located at the bottom of the inside of the feeding bin (1) and is used to guide the straw rolls to the bottom of the pressure arm (41).

10. A recreational soil moisture retention and water-fertilizer co-cultivation covering device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A tailgate (12) is rotatably located at one end of the feeding bin (1), and a tail hydraulic cylinder (121) is provided between the outer wall of the tailgate (12) and one end of the feeding bin (1).

Images