Planting method for increasing corn yield based on novel nano-fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for increasing the corn yield based on a novel nano-fertilizer, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting. The invention provides a planting method for increasing the corn yield based on a novel nano-fertilizer in order to solve the problems that according to a traditional one-detonation corn planting method, release and absorption of fertilizer nutrients are staggered, seedlings are prone to burning, fertilizer is removed in the later period, the utilization rate is low, pollution is heavy, and the nano-fertilizer has the biological accumulation risk, narrow soil adaptation and high cost. The method comprises the following steps: soil preparation treatment, seed pretreatment, sowing and different-position simultaneous application of a base fertilizer, and topdressing of a zinc fertilizer, a nitrogen fertilizer, a potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer and borax in an elongation stage and a large horn mouth stage. The method realizes synchronization of nutrient release and corn absorption rhythm, avoids seedling burning and fertilizer release phenomena, improves the fertilizer utilization rate, reduces environmental pollution, has the advantages of yield and efficiency increase, greenness, safety, strong adaptability and the like, is suitable for arid regions, semi-arid regions, semi-humid regions, humid regions and other ecological regions, and has good popularization and application prospects.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a planting method for improving corn yield based on a new type of nano-fertilizer. BACKGROUND

[0002] As one of important food crops, the yield of corn is crucial to food security, and the high-yield and high-efficiency planting of corn cannot be separated from the reasonable application of fertilizers. In the traditional corn planting process, fertilizers required by corn growth period are usually added in a "one-shot" mode, specifically, the total growth period fertilizers are put in once at the time of sowing, and no subsequent topdressing is performed. Although this mode saves labor, it has the following inherent defects: on the one hand, the matching degree of fertilizers with different growth periods of corn is poor, and the risk of seedling burning may increase due to excessive nutrients in the early growth period; in the late growth period, nitrogen fertilizer supply may be insufficient, and phenomena such as yellowing of leaves and decrease in grain weight may occur, which seriously affects the yield and quality of corn; on the other hand, traditional fertilizers usually have low utilization efficiency and serious nutrient loss during application, and in addition, long-term application of traditional fertilizers may cause problems such as soil compaction, imbalance of soil pH, and decline of soil microbial function, which significantly affect the ecological balance of soil. In addition, traditional fertilizers, as a kind of chemically synthesized fertilizer, may release greenhouse gases and leave chemical residues during use, which damages the ecological environment.

[0003] In recent years, slow / controlled release fertilizers represented by nano-hydroxyapatite, polymer-sulfur coated, and metal-organic framework (MOF) have been increasingly valued in the field of agriculture, and nano-fertilizers with high efficient slow release and environmental protection characteristics have become a research hotspot. Compared with traditional fertilizers, nano-fertilizers can improve fertilizer utilization through slow release mechanism or targeted delivery pathway, and some nano-fertilizer carriers can stimulate crop roots to secrete organic acids to activate soil phosphorus, significantly reducing the loss of fertilizer leaching. However, the actual application rate of existing nano-fertilizers in northeast corn production is low, and the main obstacles include biological accumulation risk, poor soil adaptability, and high cost Therefore, those skilled in the art are eager to develop a corn planting method which is highly matched with the nutrient absorption rhythm of corn, environmentally friendly, and cost acceptable. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a planting method for improving corn yield based on a new type of nano-fertilizer, which solves the problems of mismatch between fertilizer nutrient release and absorption in the traditional "one-shot" corn planting method, easy seedling burning and fertilizer loss in the late growth period, low utilization rate, serious pollution, biological accumulation risk of nano-fertilizers, narrow soil adaptability, and high cost.

[0005] One of the purposes of the present application is to provide a planting method for improving corn yield based on a new type of nano-fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: S1: Before sowing, prepare the planting area. S2: Select coated corn seed varieties with compact plant type, lodging resistance and germination rate greater than 95% for seed pretreatment. Sow the pretreated corn seeds and adopt the method of simultaneous sowing of base fertilizer in different locations. Apply base fertilizer at a distance of 5-8 cm from the seed hole and apply nano zinc oxide fertilizer. S3: Apply foliar zinc fertilizer during the corn jointing stage, spray nitrogen fertilizer, and apply potassium dihydrogen phosphate, zinc fertilizer and borax during the corn tasseling stage, and carry out disease, pest and weed control in the conventional way. Harvest 2-3 days after the milk line of corn kernels disappears and the black layer appears.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the planting area in S1 includes arid areas, semi-arid areas, semi-humid areas and humid areas; When the planting area is any of the arid, semi-arid, or semi-humid regions, the land preparation steps are as follows: after the autumn harvest and before the first frost, carry out stubble removal and deep plowing, while simultaneously applying 2-3 m³ of soil per acre. 3 The fertilizer is prepared by applying well-rotted farmyard manure and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer at a rate of 50-60 kg per mu; the depth of stubble removal is 10-15 cm, and the depth of deep plowing is 25-35 cm; the farmyard manure is cow manure or pig manure; the total nutrient content of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is ≥45%, and the N-P2O5-K2O ratio in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is 25:13:10; When the planting area is a humid zone, the land preparation steps are as follows: after the autumn harvest and before the first frost, carry out stubble removal and deep plowing, while applying 2-3 m³ of soil per acre. 3 The fertilizer is prepared by applying well-rotted farmyard manure and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer at a rate of 50-60 kg per mu; the depth of stubble removal is 10-15 cm, and the depth of deep plowing is 20-25 cm; the farmyard manure is cow manure or pig manure; the total nutrient content of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is ≥40%, and the N-P2O5-K2O ratio in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is 26:6:8.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the seed pretreatment step in S2 is as follows: 2-3 days before sowing, the corn seeds are spread thinly and evenly on a non-hard surface to a thickness of 3-5 cm and then dried in the shade. During the drying process, the seeds are turned over once every 1-2 hours. After drying until the temperature drops in the evening, the seeds are collected and bagged.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sowing depth in S2 is 3-5 cm and the density is 65,000 plants / ha.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base fertilizer in S2 is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer or organic fertilizer; when the base fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the application rate is 50-60 kg / mu, the total nutrients in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer are ≥45%, and the N-P2O5-K2O mixing ratio in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is 25:13:10; when the base fertilizer is organic fertilizer, the application rate is 2-3 m 3 / mu, wherein the organic matter content of the organic fertilizer is ≥45%.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nano-zinc oxide fertilizer in S2 has a particle size of 30-80 nm, a purity of 99 wt%, and a specific surface area of ​​21.50 m². 2 / g, application rate is 8-10 kg / ha.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the zinc fertilizer in S3 is a chelated zinc fertilizer with a pure zinc content ≥14.5%, and the chelated zinc fertilizer is zinc ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA-Zn); the application rate is 35-40 kg of chelated zinc fertilizer solution per acre, and the chelated zinc fertilizer solution is obtained by diluting chelated zinc powder with water at a ratio of (1-2 g): 15 L.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen fertilizer mentioned in S3 is selected as a nitrogen fertilizer with a total nitrogen content of ≥46%, and the application rate is 30-35 kg of nitrogen fertilizer solution per mu; the nitrogen fertilizer is urea, and the nitrogen fertilizer solution is obtained by diluting urea and water at a ratio of (280-300g): 15 L.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer mentioned in S3 is selected with a purity of ≥99%, and the application rate is 60-80 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer solution per acre; the potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer solution is obtained by diluting potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer with water at a ratio of (60-80 g): 15 L.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the borax in S3 is selected with a purity of ≥95%, and the application rate is 35-40 kg of borax solution per acre; the borax solution is obtained by diluting borax with warm water at a ratio of (20-30 g): 15 L.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: Compared with the traditional "one-shot" corn planting method, this invention significantly improves corn yield and stress resistance by introducing a novel nano-zinc oxide fertilizer and combining it with a scientific fertilization strategy during key growth stages. The specific beneficial effects are as follows: (1) Improve photosynthetic efficiency and chlorophyll content, and promote plant growth: This invention effectively improves the net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of maize leaves by applying nano zinc oxide fertilizer to the base fertilizer and top-dressing zinc fertilizer during the jointing and tasseling stages. Zinc is a cofactor for many enzymes in plant photosynthesis, and its sufficient supply helps to enhance photosynthetic carbon assimilation capacity, promote healthy plant growth, and thus increase the overall yield of maize. (2) Enhance maize's resistance to stress and alleviate abiotic stress damage: Under abiotic stress conditions such as drought and high temperature, the nano zinc oxide and zinc fertilizer used in this invention work synergistically to significantly reduce the accumulation of reactive oxygen metabolites in maize and alleviate oxidative damage. At the same time, the addition of zinc fertilizer can increase the activity of glycolysis-related enzymes, enhance energy metabolism efficiency, improve the plant's adaptability to environmental stress, and effectively reduce yield loss caused by adversity. (3) Optimize the rhythm of nutrient release and absorption to avoid seedling burn and nutrient deficiency: The traditional "one-shot" fertilization method often leads to seedling burn in the early stage and nutrient deficiency in the later stage due to the mismatch between nutrient release and corn absorption rhythm. This invention achieves the synchronization of nutrient supply and corn nutrient demand peak by sowing base fertilizer in different locations and applying foliar fertilizer during key growth periods, thereby improving fertilizer utilization and reducing nutrient loss and environmental pollution.

[0016] This invention combines the soil characteristics of different regions with the needs of maize at different growth stages to formulate differentiated land preparation, fertilization, and pest and disease control programs. It achieves precise application and efficient utilization of fertilizers, reduces resource waste and environmental pollution caused by excessive fertilization, and conforms to the green, efficient, and sustainable development direction of modern agriculture. It not only effectively solves the problems of unreasonable fertilization, limited yield, and poor stress resistance in traditional maize planting, but also significantly improves maize yield, quality, and environmental adaptability by introducing new nano-fertilizers and scientific fertilization technology, and has good prospects for promotion and application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Those skilled in the art can refer to the content of this document and appropriately improve the process parameters to achieve the desired results. It should be particularly noted that all similar substitutions and modifications are obvious to those skilled in the art and are considered to be included in this invention. The methods and applications of this invention have been described through preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obviously make modifications or appropriate alterations and combinations to the methods and applications described herein without departing from the content and scope of this invention to implement and apply the technology of this invention.

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following embodiments are conventional methods, and the materials, reagents, methods, and instruments used are all conventional materials, reagents, methods, and instruments in the art, and can be obtained commercially by those skilled in the art.

[0019] The nano zinc oxide fertilizer used in the following examples was purchased from Nanjing Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd.; the compound fertilizer was purchased from Jinan Haosen Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.; the urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizers were purchased from Shaanxi Shanhua Coal Chemical Group Co., Ltd.; the chelated zinc fertilizer (zinc ethylenediaminetetraacetate EDTA-Zn) was purchased from Shandong Yimutian Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; and the borax was purchased from Yongtai Borax Factory in Dashiqiao City, Liaoning Province.

[0020] Example 1: S1: In 2019, Yingwu Village, Liaoheyuan Town, Dongliao County, Liaoyuan City, Jilin Province was selected as the planting area (semi-humid area). Before sowing, the planting area was prepared. The land preparation steps are as follows: after the autumn harvest and before the first frost, stubble removal and deep plowing are carried out, while maintaining a density of 2.2 m³ per acre. 3 Apply well-rotted farmyard manure and compound fertilizer (total nutrients ≥48%, N-P2O5-K2O ratio 25-13-10) at a rate of 55 kg per mu; the depth of the stubble removal operation is 15 cm, and the depth of the deep plowing operation is 30 cm. S2: Select a coated corn seed variety (VK868 corn variety) with compact plant type, lodging resistance and germination rate greater than 95% for seed pretreatment. The seed pretreatment steps are as follows: 3 days before sowing, spread the corn seeds thinly and evenly on a non-hard surface to a thickness of 3 cm and dry them in the shade. Turn them over once every 2 hours during the drying process. After drying until the temperature drops in the evening, collect them and pack them into bags. Pretreated corn seeds were sown at a depth of 3.5 cm and a density of 65,000 plants / ha. Simultaneously, a staggered sowing method was used, applying nano-zinc oxide fertilizer (with a particle size of 30-80 nm, a purity of 99 wt%, and a specific surface area of ​​21.50 m²) 7 cm from the seed hole. 2 / g, application rate is 10 kg / ha; S3: Apply foliar zinc fertilizer during the corn jointing stage, spray nitrogen fertilizer, and apply potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer, zinc fertilizer and borax during the corn tasseling stage, and carry out disease, pest and weed control in the conventional way. Harvest within 3 days after the milk line of corn kernels disappears and the black layer appears. The zinc fertilizer mentioned in S3 is a chelated zinc fertilizer with a pure zinc content of ≥14.5%, which is zinc ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA-Zn). The application rate is 35 kg of chelated zinc fertilizer solution per acre. The chelated zinc fertilizer solution is obtained by diluting chelated zinc powder with water at a ratio of 2 g: 15 L. The nitrogen fertilizer mentioned in S3 is a nitrogen fertilizer with a total nitrogen content of ≥46%, and the nitrogen fertilizer is urea; the application rate is 35 kg of urea per mu; the nitrogen fertilizer is diluted with water at a ratio of 300 g: 15 L to form a nitrogen fertilizer solution for spraying. The potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer mentioned in S3 is selected with a purity of ≥99%, and the application rate is 70g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer per acre; the potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer is diluted with water at a ratio of 70g:15L to obtain potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer solution for spraying. The borax mentioned in S3 is selected with a purity of ≥95%, and the application rate is 35 kg of borax solution per acre; the borax solution is obtained by diluting borax with warm water at a ratio of 30 g: 15 L.

[0021] Example 2: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in 2022, Taojia Village, Taojiatun Town, Gongzhuling City, Jilin Province was selected as the planting area (semi-humid area), and Jidan 962 was selected as the corn variety. The other steps are the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0022] Comparative Example 1: In 2019, this comparative study selected Yingwu Village, Liaoheyuan Town, Dongliao County, Liaoyuan City, Jilin Province as the planting area (semi-humid area) and chose the VK868 maize variety.

[0023] S1: The planting area is a semi-humid zone. The land preparation steps are as follows: after the autumn harvest and before the first frost, stubble removal and deep plowing are carried out, while applying 2 m³ of soil per acre. 3 Apply well-rotted farmyard manure and compound fertilizer (total nutrients ≥48%, N-P2O5-K2O ratio 25-13-10) at a rate of 50 kg per mu; the depth of the stubble removal operation is 15 cm, and the depth of the deep plowing operation is 30 cm. S2: Select a coated corn seed variety (VK868 corn variety) with compact plant type, lodging resistance and germination rate greater than 95% for seed pretreatment. The seed pretreatment steps are as follows: 3 days before sowing, spread the corn seeds thinly and evenly on a non-hard surface to a thickness of 3 cm and dry them in the shade. Turn them over once every 2 hours during the drying process. After drying until the temperature drops in the evening, collect them and pack them into bags. S3: Sow the pretreated corn seeds at a depth of 3.5 cm and a density of 65,000 plants / ha; S4: Pest and weed management throughout the corn growing season should be consistent with local planting practices.

[0024] S5: Harvest within 3 days after the milk line disappears and the black layer appears in the grains. Comparative Example 2: In 2022, this comparative study selected Taojia Village, Taojiatun Town, Gongzhuling City, Jilin Province as the planting area (semi-humid area) and Jidan 962 as the maize variety.

[0025] S1: The land preparation steps are as follows: After the autumn harvest and before the first frost, stubble removal and deep plowing are carried out, while maintaining a density of 2.5m² per mu. 3 Apply well-rotted farmyard manure and compound fertilizer (total nutrients ≥48%, N-P2O5-K2O ratio 25-13-10) at a rate of 60 kg per mu; the depth of the stubble removal operation is 15 cm, and the depth of the deep plowing operation is 25 cm. S2: Select a coated corn seed variety (Jidan 962 corn variety) with compact plant type, lodging resistance and germination rate greater than 95% for seed pretreatment. The seed pretreatment steps are as follows: 3 days before sowing, spread the corn seeds thinly and evenly on a non-hard surface to a thickness of 3 cm and dry them in the shade. Turn them over once every 2 hours during the drying process. After drying until the temperature drops in the evening, collect them and pack them into bags. S3: Sow the pretreated corn seeds at a depth of 3 cm and a density of 65,000 plants / ha; S4: Pest and weed management throughout the corn growing season should be consistent with local planting practices.

[0026] S5: Harvest within 3 days after the milk line disappears and the black layer appears in the grains. Effect Experiment: 1. This invention, through measuring the net photosynthetic rate (using a fully automated portable photosynthesis meter Li-6400) and chlorophyll content (using a SPAD502 chlorophyll content meter) of maize leaves at the jointing stage in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, and conducting yield statistics at harvest, found that: As shown in Table 1, compared with traditional planting methods, the corn grown using the method provided by this invention increased the net photosynthetic rate of leaves by 19.70%, the total chlorophyll content by 24.16%, and the yield by 6.84%. It is evident that the corn planting method provided by this invention effectively improves the net photosynthetic rate and total chlorophyll content of corn plants, and significantly increases corn yield compared to traditional methods.

[0027] Table 1

[0028] 2. When the maximum daily temperature exceeds 28°C for 3 consecutive days during the jointing stage, on the 4th day, the present invention measures the content of reactive oxygen metabolites and the activity of carbon metabolism-related enzymes in the maize leaves obtained from Example 2 and Comparative Example 2.

[0029] The testing steps are as follows: Chang Xiao, Wang Xiaobo, Liu Bolin, et al. Effects of shading treatment on reactive oxygen metabolism in leaves of different shade-tolerant maize hybrids and their parents [J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 39(06): 1279-1287; Wang Jinxiang, Zhang Aliang, Qin Min, et al. Effects of cadmium stress on photosynthetic characteristics and reactive oxygen metabolism in maize seedlings [J]. Tianjin Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 29(01):1-6; Li Xinyi, Pei Xin, Li Xiajing, et al. Effects of exogenous ALA and boron fertilizer on growth and soluble sugar accumulation in sweet potato tubers [J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 39(11):2534-2548; Tu Youying. Changes in the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in isolated fresh leaves [J]. Chinese Tea, 1990, (02): 20.

[0030] As shown in Table 2, compared with the traditional planting method, the corn obtained by the planting method provided by this invention increased the Fv / Fm value by 2.63%, indicating that under the same environment, the corn plants in the example experienced less photoinhibition and could more effectively improve light energy utilization efficiency; the malondialdehyde content decreased by 14.68%, indicating that under the same environment, the corn plant cell membrane structure in the example was more intact and more fluid, enabling it to better perform its function of controlling the entry and exit of substances and maintaining the stability of the intracellular and extracellular environment, and the plant had higher resistance to abiotic stress; the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity increased by 33.33%, indicating that under the same environment, the corn plants in the example had enhanced antioxidant and metabolic defense capabilities; the soluble sugar content increased by 31.83%, indicating that under the same environment, the corn plants in the example had a higher content of osmotic regulators, which could effectively reduce cell osmotic potential, maintain cell turgor pressure, and prevent plant wilting; the yield increased by 6.08%, indicating that under the same environment, the corn plants in the example had better photosynthetic carbon assimilation and osmotic regulation processes during growth and development than the comparative example, achieving a yield increase.

[0031] Table 2

[0032] The specific embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. A planting method for increasing corn yield based on novel nano-fertilizers, characterized in that, The planting method includes the following steps: S1: Before sowing, prepare the planting area. S2: Select coated corn seed varieties with compact plant type, lodging resistance and germination rate greater than 95% for seed pretreatment. Sow the pretreated corn seeds and adopt the method of simultaneous sowing of base fertilizer in different locations. Apply base fertilizer at a distance of 5-8 cm from the seed hole and apply nano zinc oxide fertilizer. S3: Apply foliar zinc fertilizer during the corn jointing stage, spray nitrogen fertilizer, and apply potassium dihydrogen phosphate, zinc fertilizer and borax during the corn tasseling stage, and carry out disease, pest and weed control in the conventional way. Harvest 2-3 days after the milk line of corn kernels disappears and the black layer appears.

2. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planting areas described in S1 include arid, semi-arid, semi-humid, and humid regions; When the planting area is any of the arid, semi-arid, or semi-humid regions, the land preparation steps are as follows: after the autumn harvest and before the first frost, carry out stubble removal and deep plowing, while simultaneously applying 2-3 m³ of soil per acre. 3 The fertilizer is prepared by applying well-rotted farmyard manure and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer at a rate of 50-60 kg per mu; the depth of stubble removal is 10-15 cm, and the depth of deep plowing is 25-35 cm; the farmyard manure is cow manure or pig manure; the total nutrient content of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is ≥45%, and the N-P2O5-K2O ratio in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is 25:13:10; When the planting area is a humid zone, the land preparation steps are as follows: after the autumn harvest and before the first frost, carry out stubble removal and deep plowing, while applying 2-3 m³ of soil per acre. 3 The fertilizer is prepared by applying well-rotted farmyard manure and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer at a rate of 50-60 kg per mu; the depth of stubble removal is 10-15 cm, and the depth of deep plowing is 20-25 cm; the farmyard manure is cow manure or pig manure; the total nutrient content of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is ≥40%, and the N-P2O5-K2O ratio in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is 26:6:

8.

3. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seed pretreatment steps described in S2 are as follows: 2-3 days before sowing, spread the corn seeds thinly and evenly on a non-hard surface to a thickness of 3-5 cm and dry them in the shade. Turn them over once every 1-2 hours during the drying process. After drying until the temperature drops in the evening, collect them and pack them into bags.

4. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sowing depth described in S2 is 3-5 cm, and the density is 65,000 plants / ha.

5. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base fertilizer mentioned in S2 is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer or organic fertilizer; when the base fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the application rate is 50-60 kg / mu, the total nutrients in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer are ≥45%, and the N-P2O5-K2O mixing ratio in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is 25:13:10; when the base fertilizer is organic fertilizer, the application rate is 2-3m 3 / mu, wherein the organic matter content of the organic fertilizer is ≥45%.

6. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nano-zinc oxide fertilizer described in S2 has a particle size of 30-80 nm, a purity of 99 wt%, and a specific surface area of ​​21.50 m². 2 / g, application rate is 8-10 kg / ha.

7. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The zinc fertilizer mentioned in S3 is a chelated zinc fertilizer with a pure zinc content of ≥14.5%, which is zinc ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA-Zn). The application rate is 35-40 kg of chelated zinc fertilizer solution per acre. The chelated zinc fertilizer solution is obtained by diluting chelated zinc powder with water at a ratio of (1-2 g): 15 L.

8. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nitrogen fertilizer mentioned in S3 is selected with a total nitrogen content of ≥46%, and the application rate is 30-35 kg of nitrogen fertilizer solution per mu; the nitrogen fertilizer is urea, and the nitrogen fertilizer solution is obtained by diluting urea and water at a ratio of (280-300 g): 15 L.

9. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer mentioned in S3 is selected with a purity of ≥99%, and the application rate is 60-80 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer solution per acre. The potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer solution is obtained by diluting potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer with water at a ratio of (60-80 g): 15 L.

10. The planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The borax mentioned in S3 is selected with a purity of ≥95%, and the application rate is 35-40 kg of borax solution per acre. The borax solution is obtained by diluting borax with warm water at a ratio of (20-30 g): 15 L.

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