Vascular anastomosis system with automatic alignment function

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a vascular anastomosis system with an automatic alignment function, which comprises a valve leaflet attached sleeve, a middle cavity is arranged on the outer cambered surface of the valve leaflet attached sleeve, a curved chain rhombus part is arranged between the valve leaflet attached sleeve and the middle cavity, a threading hole is arranged on the surface of the curved chain rhombus part, and a thread is arranged in the threading hole. The upper surface and the lower surface of the valve leaflet auxiliary sleeve are respectively provided with an external expansion valve leaflet, and one side of the outer arc surface of each external expansion valve leaflet is provided with an arc edge; a channel for blood vessels to naturally slide in is constructed through the gradually-changed arc-shaped guide of the blood vessel flaring and the conical structure of the guide pressing sleeve, manual adjustment of a doctor on the blood vessel insertion direction is reduced, the deformation groove of the guide pressing sleeve can be automatically matched with blood vessels with different diameters, the doctor does not need to screen matched instruments in advance, and when the blood vessels slightly deviate, the blood vessels can be automatically inserted into the channels. The position can be automatically corrected through the synergistic effect of the anastomosis hanging nail, the guide pressing sleeve and the external expansion valve leaflet, a doctor does not need to carry out fine control in a minimally invasive narrow space, and therefore the minimally invasive efficiency and the success rate of the doctor are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a blood vessel anastomosis system with self-alignment function. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the progress of medical technology, minimally invasive surgery has been widely used in cardiovascular and endoscopic surgery due to its small trauma, quick recovery and other advantages. Minimally invasive surgery usually operates through small incisions by inserting catheters and other instruments, which requires blood vessel anastomosis devices to be more delicate, accurate and easy to operate. It is difficult to achieve precise anastomosis of blood vessels under minimally invasive conditions, and a blood vessel anastomosis system capable of self-alignment is needed to simplify the surgical process, reduce surgical trauma, and improve the success rate and safety of surgery.

[0003] A blood vessel anastomosis device disclosed in Chinese patent CN113143369B includes an anastomosis ring with a blood vessel through hole, a blood vessel hanging needle is arranged on the anastomosis ring, and the anastomosis ring is used in pairs. Each anastomosis ring includes a body, a blood vessel compression ring, an everted blood vessel placement groove and a locking device. The blood vessel compression ring and the locking device are arranged on the body. The blood vessel compression ring is arranged on the inner side of the anastomosis ring. A plurality of hanging needle accommodating grooves are arranged on the outer side of the blood vessel compression ring. The radial cross section and the blood vessel compression surface of the blood vessel compression ring are both in a tooth ring structure. The blood vessel hanging needle is arranged on the protruding part of the tooth ring on the blood vessel compression surface. The inner recess part of the tooth ring corresponds to the hanging needle accommodating groove. The locking device positions and fixes the anastomosis ring. The blood vessel hanging needle is inserted into the hanging needle accommodating groove on the opposite side. The everted blood vessel placement groove is arranged on the periphery of the blood vessel compression ring. The locking device connects and aligns the anastomosis ring, and does not need to be accurately aligned by the blood vessel hanging needle. The locking effect of the locking device is more firm during use, which reduces the risk of disengagement and improves the safety of use.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned technology often has the following defects: the device cannot actively sense and adjust the adaptability of the anastomosis ring to different diameter blood vessels. The tooth ring structure of the blood vessel compression ring and the position of the blood vessel hanging needle are relatively fixed. For blood vessels with individual differences in diameter or at different positions, perfect fitting may not be achieved. In the absence of the function of self-adjusting the fitting degree, partial areas may be compressed too tightly or loosely, which may cause deviation in the alignment of the blood vessel hanging needle and the hanging needle accommodating groove, not only affecting the stability after locking, but also causing additional damage to the blood vessel wall by the blood vessel hanging needle, increasing the risk of blood leakage or thrombosis.

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides a blood vessel anastomosis system with self-alignment function. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve at least one technical problem raised in the background art.

[0007] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve its technical problems is: a blood vessel anastomosis system with self-alignment function, comprising a leaflet sleeve, wherein the outer arc surface of the leaflet sleeve is provided with a middle cavity, a curved chain rhombic part is arranged between the leaflet sleeve and the middle cavity, the surface of the curved chain rhombic part is provided with a threading hole, the upper surface and the lower surface of the leaflet sleeve are provided with outer expansion leaflets, the outer arc surface of one side of the outer expansion leaflet is provided with an arc edge, an arc end surface is arranged between the outer expansion leaflet and the arc edge, the upper end surface of the outer expansion leaflet is provided with a blood vessel flaring, the leaflet sleeve and the outer expansion leaflet are arranged in an integrated structure, the inner arc surface of the leaflet sleeve is provided with an anastomosis cavity, a positioning assembly is sleeved in the anastomosis cavity of the inner arc surface of the leaflet sleeve, the positioning assembly comprises a guide pressing sleeve movably sleeved into the inner arc surface of the anastomosis cavity, the bottom of the outer arc surface of the guide pressing sleeve is in a tapered structure, the bottom of the guide pressing sleeve close to the tapered structure is provided with a reduced diameter, a deformation groove is formed in the outer arc surface of the guide pressing sleeve, and a semicircular slot is formed in the top of the outer arc surface of the guide pressing sleeve.

[0008] The inner bottom wall of the semicircular slot is sleeved with a blood vessel pressing ring, the outer arc surface of the blood vessel pressing ring is provided with a hook-shaped circular ring, and the inner arc surface of the hook-shaped circular ring is annularly sleeved to the top of the semicircular slot.

[0009] A through hole is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the blood vessel pressing ring, an anastomosis nail is arranged on the inner arc surface of the top through hole of the blood vessel pressing ring, the bottom end of the anastomosis nail is matched with the guide pressing sleeve, and the blood vessel pressing ring is placed on the top of the anastomosis cavity in the leaflet sleeve.

[0010] A flexible membrane tube is sleeved in the reduced diameter of the lower end surface of the guide pressing sleeve, the outer arc surface bottom of the flexible membrane tube is placed in the bottom inner arc surface of the leaflet sleeve, and a locking clamp sleeve is sleeved on the bottom of the outer arc surface of the guide pressing sleeve.

[0011] A deformation groove is formed in the outer arc surface of the locking clamp sleeve, a bent arc reverse edge is arranged on the inner arc surface bottom of the locking clamp sleeve, the inner arc surface of the bent arc reverse edge is matched with the bottom of the leaflet sleeve, and the flexible membrane tube is sleeved into the inner arc surface of the locking clamp sleeve.

[0012] The inner arc surface of the locking clamp sleeve abuts against the tapered structure of the outer arc surface of the guide pressing sleeve, the locking clamp sleeve and the guide pressing sleeve are in the same vertical plane, and the outer arc surface of the locking clamp sleeve is attached to the inner arc surface of the anastomosis cavity in the leaflet sleeve.

[0013] The number of the outer expansion leaflets is two, and the two outer expansion leaflets are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides with the leaflet sleeve as the center point, and an anastomosis shrink ring is sleeved in the middle of the outer arc surface of the leaflet sleeve.

[0014] The inner arc surface of the anastomosis shrink ring is provided with a juxtaposed cavity between the leaflet sleeve, the inner arc surface of the juxtaposed cavity is sleeved with a stop ring, the outer arc surface of the stop ring is provided with a compression end on both sides, and the inner arc surface of the stop ring is sleeved into the outer arc surface of the leaflet sleeve.

[0015] The inner arc surface of the compression end abuts on the outer arc surface of the middle cavity, the anastomosis shrink ring is placed in the middle part of the leaflet sleeve, and the inner surface of the anastomosis shrink ring is in inner-outer annular adaptation with the guide compression sleeve.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: 1. By the gradual change arc-shaped guidance of the blood vessel expansion and the tapered structure of the guide compression sleeve, a channel for the natural sliding of the blood vessel is constructed, reducing the manual adjustment of the doctor to the blood vessel insertion direction, the deformation groove of the guide compression sleeve can automatically adapt to blood vessels of different diameters, without the need for the doctor to pre-select matching instruments, when the blood vessel is slightly deviated, the synergistic effect of the anastomosis nail, the guide compression sleeve and the expanded leaflet can automatically correct the position, without the need for the doctor to perform fine control in the minimally invasive narrow space, thereby improving the minimally invasive efficiency and success rate of the doctor.

[0017] 2. By the nested positioning structure of the blood vessel compression ring and the guide compression sleeve, combined with the evenly distributed anastomosis nails, the central axis of the two blood vessels is accurately aligned, avoiding the deviation problem that is prone to occur in traditional anastomosis, and the double fixation formed by the contraction of the leaflet sleeve and the clamping of the locking sleeve can resist the impact of blood vessel pulsation, avoid blood vessel displacement during anastomosis, reduce the risk of blood leakage from the root, and ensure the sealing effect of the anastomosis.

[0018] 3. The arc edge of the expanded leaflet reduces the pulling damage to the surrounding tissue, cooperates with the minimally invasive surgical incision, reduces the possibility of postoperative tissue adhesion, the smooth surface of the guide compression sleeve and the use of flexible membrane tube avoid damage to the adventitia of the blood vessel, reduce the risk of thrombosis, simplify the operation steps, improve the accuracy, shorten the operation time, reduce the exposure of the patient during the operation, and create conditions for rapid recovery after the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 is a top view of the whole blood vessel anastomosis of the present application; Figure 2 is a front view of the leaflet sleeve of the present application; Figure 3 is a main view of the leaflet sleeve and the expanded leaflet in the present application; Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the alignment assembly in the present application; Figure 5 is an exploded structural schematic view of the internal disassembly of the alignment assembly in the present application; Figure 6is the structural diagram of the blood vessel compression ring and the guide compression sleeve in the application; Figure 7 is the structural diagram of the anastomosis shrink ring and the stop ring in the application; Figure 8 is the structural diagram of the valve leaflet sleeve and the anastomosis shrink ring in the application.

[0021] In the figure: 1, valve leaflet sleeve; 101, middle cavity; 102, curved chain diamond part; 2, outwardly expanding valve leaflet; 201, arc edge; 202, blood vessel flared part; 3, alignment assembly; 31, guide compression sleeve; 311, reduced diameter; 312, semicircular slot; 32, blood vessel compression ring; 321, hook-shaped ring; 322, anastomosis nail; 33, flexible film tube; 34, locking clamp; 341, curved reverse edge; 4, anastomosis shrink ring; 401, collocated cavity; 5, stop ring; 501, compression end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects realized by the application easy to understand, the application will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0023] It should be noted that, for the state descriptions shown in the present application Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , in order to facilitate description, the blood vessel anastomosis system of the embodiments of the application in the figure of the present application is in a vertical state, in the present application, the upper, lower, bottom, top and upper and lower surfaces are referred to as the state of the figure description, which should not be construed as a limitation of the present application.

[0024] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the embodiment of the present application comprises a leaflet sleeve 1, the curved surface of the leaflet sleeve 1 is provided with a middle cavity 101, a curved chain rhombus part 102 is arranged at the position of the middle cavity 101, the curved chain rhombus part 102 serves as a common side between adjacent middle cavities 101 in the circumferential direction, the curved chain rhombus part 102 is provided with a threading hole on the surface, the upper surface and the lower surface of the leaflet sleeve 1 are provided with outwardly expanding outer expansion leaflets 2, the outer curved surface side of the outer expansion leaflet 2 is provided with an arc edge 201, the outer expansion leaflet 2 and the arc edge 201 are connected through an arc-shaped end surface, the upper end surface of the outer expansion leaflet 2 is provided with a blood vessel flaring 202, as in the present application, the upper end surface of the outer expansion leaflet 2 is open to form the blood vessel flaring 202; the leaflet sleeve 1 and the outer expansion leaflet 2 are arranged in an integrated structure, the inner curved surface of the leaflet sleeve 1 is provided with an anastomosis cavity, the anastomosis cavity in the inner curved surface of the leaflet sleeve 1 is sleeved with an alignment assembly 3, the alignment assembly 3 comprises a guide pressure sleeve 31 movably sleeved into the inner curved surface of the anastomosis cavity, the guide pressure sleeve 31 is reduced in outer diameter from top to bottom, forming a tapered structure at the bottom of the outer curved surface of the guide pressure sleeve 31, the guide pressure sleeve 31 is provided with a reduced diameter 311 near the bottom of the tapered structure, the outer curved surface of the guide pressure sleeve 31 is provided with a deformation groove, and the top of the outer curved surface of the guide pressure sleeve 31 is provided with a semicircular insertion groove 312.

[0025] The outer expansion leaflets 2 are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides with the leaflet sleeve 1 as the center point when the blood vessels are inserted, corresponding to the docking direction of the two blood vessels to be anastomosed, forming a bidirectional inlet layout, the outer curved surface side of the outer expansion leaflet 2 is provided with an arc edge 201, which is matched with the natural curvature of the outer wall of the blood vessel, when the blood vessel approaches the anastomosis system, the arc edge 201 can first contact the surface of the blood vessel, reducing the resistance when the blood vessel is inserted through smooth arc transition, avoiding damage to the outer wall of the blood vessel due to friction, at the same time, the blood vessel flaring 202 on the upper end surface of the outer expansion leaflet 2 is a gradually expanding structure, the diameter gradually decreases from the edge to the anastomosis cavity of the leaflet sleeve 1, forming a funnel-shaped guiding channel, when the end of the blood vessel enters the anastomosis system, it will be guided by the flaring shape of the blood vessel flaring 202, gradually converging to the center of the anastomosis cavity of the leaflet sleeve 1, avoiding large deviation from the main direction when the blood vessel is inserted. In the guiding and correcting link, the curved chain rhombus part 102 on the outer arc surface of the leaflet sleeve 1 has elastic adjustment capability. Specifically, when the curved chain rhombus part 102 is made of nickel-titanium alloy and pressure is applied by the stop ring 5, the curved chain rhombus part made of nickel-titanium alloy can undergo controllable deformation, the diagonal length of the rhombus structure is shortened, and the diameter of the anastomosis cavity of the leaflet sleeve 1 is accurately reduced, thereby providing stable structural support and adaptability for vascular anastomosis. The outer expansion leaflet 2 as an extension part of the integrated structure will adaptively fine-tune with the deformation of the curved chain rhombus part 102. When there are individual differences in the diameter of the blood vessel and slight tilting occurs during insertion, the lateral pressure on the inner wall of the blood vessel flared 202 will be generated by the outer wall of the blood vessel. This pressure is transmitted to the curved chain rhombus part 102 through the integrated structure, causing the curved chain rhombus part 102 to deform slightly in the corresponding direction, thereby adaptively adjusting the angle of the outer expansion leaflet 2. When the blood vessel is inserted to the left side, the left outer expansion leaflet 2 will be subjected to leftward pressure, and the elastic deformation of the corresponding position of the curved chain rhombus part 102 will push the outer expansion leaflet 2 to the right side for fine-tuning. Through the counteracting force of the inner wall of the blood vessel flared 202 on the blood vessel, the blood vessel is guided back to the central direction, achieving preliminary angle correction. In terms of anastomosis stability support, the inner arc surface anastomosis cavity of the leaflet sleeve 1 is the installation carrier of the alignment assembly 3, and the height of the outer expansion leaflet 2 corresponds to the position of the blood vessel compression ring 32 in the alignment assembly 3, forming a straight line corresponding relationship from the inlet channel to the anastomosis point. After the blood vessel enters through the blood vessel flared 202, the inner wall of the outer expansion leaflet 2 will continuously provide lateral support for the blood vessel, avoiding the bending deviation of the blood vessel when it is pushed into the anastomosis cavity due to its own elasticity or external interference, and ensuring that the blood vessel can reach the docking position of the blood vessel compression ring 32 along a straight line. At the same time, when the anastomosis shrink ring 4 and the stop ring 5 apply radial pressure to the leaflet sleeve 1, the inner arc surface of the leaflet sleeve 1 will contract inward, and the contraction force is transmitted to the outer expansion leaflet 2 through the integrated structure, causing the blood vessel flared 202 of the outer expansion leaflet 2 to slightly reduce in diameter, further fitting the outer wall of the blood vessel, and forming a fixed effect of external embrace, which cooperates with the internal fixation of the alignment assembly 3 to improve the stability of the vascular anastomosis.

[0026] As Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the inner bottom wall of the semi-arc-shaped slot 312 is sleeved with the blood vessel compression ring 32. Specifically, in some embodiments, the outer arc surface of the blood vessel compression ring 32 is provided with a hook-shaped annular ring 321, the inner arc surface of the hook-shaped annular ring 321 is annularly sleeved to the top of the semi-arc-shaped slot 312, so that the inner bottom wall of the semi-arc-shaped slot 312 is sleeved with the blood vessel compression ring 32. A through hole is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the blood vessel compression ring 32, and an anastomosis nail 322 is arranged on the inner arc surface of the through hole in the top of the blood vessel compression ring 32. The bottom end of the anastomosis nail 322 is matched with the guide compression sleeve 31. Specifically, the length and diameter of the bottom end of the anastomosis nail 322 are matched with the structure of the corresponding position of the guide compression sleeve 31. When the blood vessel compression ring 32 is installed in the semi-arc-shaped slot 312 of the guide compression sleeve 31, the bottom end of the anastomosis nail 322 can just contact the top surface or the preset groove of the guide compression sleeve 31, so that the anastomosis nail 322 can stably support without being too short, and the structure interference caused by the anastomosis nail 322 penetrating the guide compression sleeve 31 is avoided, so that the structural stability after assembly is ensured. The blood vessel compression ring 32 is placed on the top of the anastomosis cavity in the leaflet sleeve 1. The flexible membrane tube 33 is sleeved in the reduced diameter 311 of the lower end surface of the guide compression sleeve 31. The outer arc surface of the flexible membrane tube 33 is placed in the inner arc surface of the bottom of the leaflet sleeve 1. The outer arc surface of the guide compression sleeve 31 is sleeved with the locking clamp sleeve 34. The outer arc surface of the locking clamp sleeve 34 is provided with a deformation groove. The inner arc surface of the bottom of the locking clamp sleeve 34 is provided with a curved reverse edge 341. The inner arc surface of the curved reverse edge 341 is matched with the bottom of the leaflet sleeve 1. The flexible membrane tube 33 is sleeved in the inner arc surface of the locking clamp sleeve 34. The inner arc surface of the locking clamp sleeve 34 is in abutment with the tapered structure of the outer arc surface of the guide compression sleeve 31. The locking clamp sleeve 34 and the guide compression sleeve 31 are in the same vertical plane. The outer arc surface of the locking clamp sleeve 34 is fitted in the inner arc surface of the anastomosis cavity in the leaflet sleeve 1.

[0027] The tapered structure of the outer arc surface of the bottom of the guide compression sleeve 31 and the reduced diameter 311 form a gradually changing guide channel. When the blood vessel enters through the blood vessel flared port 202 of the expanded leaflet 2, it will first contact the tapered surface of the guide compression sleeve 31. The inclination angle of the tapered structure is matched with the natural advancing direction of the blood vessel, so that the end of the blood vessel can be stably guided to the reduced diameter 311, so that the blood vessel wall is not wrinkled or damaged due to the sudden contraction of the inlet. At the same time, when there are individual differences in the diameter of the blood vessel, the deformation groove can be adaptively expanded or contracted under the extrusion of the outer wall of the blood vessel, so as to automatically adjust the inner diameter to fit the blood vessel, so as to realize flexible matching. In addition, the semi-arc-shaped slot 312 at the top of the guide compression sleeve 31 provides an installation reference for the blood vessel compression ring 32. The curvature of the semi-arc-shaped slot 312 is matched with the outer arc surface of the blood vessel compression ring 32, and the central axis thereof is coincided with the central axis of the guide compression sleeve 31, so that the blood vessel compression ring 32 can be coaxial with the guide compression sleeve 31 after installation, so as to avoid affecting the blood vessel docking accuracy due to misalignment of the components.

[0028] The blood vessel compression ring 32 is precisely aligned with the blood vessel through a double positioning structure. The hook-shaped circular ring 321 on the outer arc surface of the blood vessel compression ring 32 is sleeved on the top of the semicircular slot 312 of the guide compression sleeve 31, forming axial limiting to prevent the blood vessel compression ring 32 from being offset upward when the blood vessel is inserted. The bottom of the blood vessel compression ring 32 is embedded in the inner bottom wall of the semicircular slot 312, and the close fitting of the arc surface limits the radial shaking. The mounting mode of embedding in each other ensures that the blood vessel compression ring 32 always maintains coaxial with the guide compression sleeve 31, and then the central through hole of the blood vessel compression ring 32 is aligned with the blood vessel axis. When the blood vessel end is pushed to the blood vessel compression ring 32, the anastomosis nails 322 on the inner arc surface of the top through hole play the role of positioning anchor points. The sharp end of the anastomosis nail 322 is blunt. When the blood vessel end reaches the preset anastomosis position, the anastomosis nail 322 will be pierced into the surface layer of the blood vessel wall under the action of the natural pushing force of the blood vessel. The anastomosis nails 322 are uniformly distributed along the ring. The anastomosis nails 322 can pull the blood vessel end to the center position through the coordinated stress of the piercing points. If the blood vessel is slightly eccentric, the anastomosis nails 322 at different positions will generate reverse correction force due to the difference in piercing depth, and push the blood vessel to adjust to the coaxial state to realize self-alignment.

[0029] The flexible film tube 33 and the locking clamp 34 provide stable clamping after the blood vessel is aligned. The flexible film tube 33 is made of medical polyurethane elastomer and is sleeved in the reduced diameter 311 of the guide compression sleeve 31. The outer arc surface of the flexible film tube 33 directly contacts the inner wall of the blood vessel. Compared with metal parts, the surface friction of the flexible film tube 33 is moderate and the texture is soft. It can generate a certain holding force by fitting the inner wall of the blood vessel to prevent the blood vessel from sliding, and can also avoid hard contact to cause pressure damage to the blood vessel wall. The inner wall of the flexible film tube 33 abuts against the tapered structure at the bottom of the guide compression sleeve 31. When the external instrument applies axial pressure, the locking clamp 34 will slide downward along the tapered surface. The inclination angle of the tapered structure converts the axial force into radial contraction force, so that the locking clamp 34 is tightened inward through the deformation slot. This contraction force is transmitted to the flexible film tube 33, so that it tightly wraps the outer wall of the blood vessel to form a ring-shaped fixation. At the same time, the curved reverse edge 341 on the inner arc surface at the bottom of the locking clamp 34 is fitted with the inner arc surface at the bottom of the valve leaflet sleeve 1, which ensures that the contraction force is evenly distributed and avoids excessive local pressure leading to ischemia of the blood vessel.

[0030] As Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the number of outer expanding leaflets 2 is two, and is distributed on the upper and lower sides in point symmetry with the leaflet sleeve 1 as the center point. The middle part of the outer arc surface of the leaflet sleeve 1 is sleeved with an anastomosis shrink ring 4. The inner arc surface of the anastomosis shrink ring 4 is provided with a juxtaposed cavity 401 between the leaflet sleeve 1. The inner arc surface of the anastomosis shrink ring 4 is sleeved with a stop ring 5. The outer arc surface of the stop ring 5 is provided with a compression end 501 on both sides. The inner arc surface of the stop ring 5 is sleeved to the outer arc surface of the leaflet sleeve 1. The inner arc surface of the compression end 501 is abutted on the outer arc surface of the middle cavity 101. The anastomosis shrink ring 4 is placed in the middle part of the leaflet sleeve 1. The inner surface of the anastomosis shrink ring 4 is in inner-outer annular adaptation with the guide compression sleeve 31.

[0031] The anastomosis shrink ring 4 is sleeved in the middle part of the outer arc surface of the leaflet sleeve 1. The juxtaposed cavity 401 on the inner side reserves an adjusting space for internal relative action. The stop ring 5 serves as an intermediate transmission component. The inner arc surface is tightly sleeved with the outer arc surface of the leaflet sleeve 1. The compression end 501 on both sides of the outer arc surface is abutted on the outer arc surface of the middle cavity 101 of the leaflet sleeve 1. It is ensured that the external pressure can be orderly transmitted to the elastic body through the rigid component, avoiding force dispersion or local stress concentration. In the pressure transmission and elastic deformation link, when the anastomosis needs to be strengthened during the operation, the external instrument applies radial pressure to the anastomosis shrink ring 4. The pressure first acts on the stop ring 5, so that the stop ring 5 transmits extrusion force to the middle cavity 101 through the compression end 501. Since the middle cavity 101 of the leaflet sleeve 1 is connected with the curved chain rhombic part 102, a small deformation gap is reserved around the threading hole on the surface, and the overall rhombic structure can realize radial contraction through corner rotation. Therefore, under the extrusion of the compression end 501, the curved chain rhombic part 102 will elastically deform inward. This deformation will drive the whole leaflet sleeve 1 to produce an inward retraction effect. On the one hand, the diameter of the inner arc surface anastomosis cavity of the leaflet sleeve 1 will slightly shrink, and through the inner wall and the outer arc surface of the guide compression sleeve 31 in the counter assembly 3, the external pressure is transmitted to the internal structure, forcing the guide compression sleeve 31 to further fit the blood vessel outer wall, strengthening the clamping stability of the counter assembly 3 to the blood vessel. On the other hand, the outer expanding leaflet 2 of the leaflet sleeve 1, as an extension of the integrated structure, will produce a slight centripetal swing with the shrinkage of the main body. The caliber of the vessel flared part 202 is correspondingly reduced, enhancing the lateral wrapping force to the blood vessel outer wall, forming an internal and external clamping fixing effect with the internal counter assembly 3, avoiding displacement of the blood vessel during the anastomosis process due to pulsation or operation interference. Since the deformation degree of the curved chain rhombus part 102 is related to the pressure size of the anastomosis shrink ring 4, the doctor can adjust the contraction amplitude of the valve leaflet sleeve 1 by controlling the external pressure. In the preliminary alignment stage of the blood vessel, a smaller pressure is applied to make the valve leaflet sleeve 1 maintain a slight clamping, leaving space for the fine adjustment of the blood vessel position. When the alignment assembly 3 completes the self-alignment, the pressure is increased to make the curved chain rhombus part 102 fully contract to achieve a tight fixation. At the same time, the inner surface of the anastomosis shrink ring 4 is adapted to the inner and outer annular shape of the guide pressure sleeve 31, ensuring that the pressure transmission direction is consistent with the central axis of the alignment assembly 3, avoiding the deviation of the force direction from causing the blood vessel to be eccentric or the alignment assembly 3 to be misaligned.

[0032] Specific working principle: When performing blood vessel anastomosis operation, the doctor first implants the system into the target position through minimally invasive surgical incision, ensures that the upper and lower outer expansion valve leaves 2 are respectively aligned with the two blood vessel ends to be anastomosed, at this time, the blood vessel flared port 202 is in a natural open state, and the inner wall arc surface is in contact with the outer wall arc of the blood vessel end to form a guiding direction. For common blood vessels such as coronary artery branch vessels, the blood vessel flared port 202 is designed as a gradually changing structure with a wide inlet and a narrow outlet, which can guide the blood vessel end to smoothly slide along the arc-shaped inner wall, avoiding wrinkles caused by sudden turning of the blood vessel. In this process, when the arc edge 201 of the outer expansion valve leaf 2 contacts the surrounding tissue, it will reduce the traction on the surrounding nerve and muscle tissue through the rounded corner, reducing surgical trauma. After the blood vessel end enters the anastomosis cavity, it will first contact the tapered structure at the bottom of the outer arc surface of the guide pressure sleeve 31. The adventitial tissue of the blood vessel end will naturally slide down the taper to the reduced diameter 311. If there are individual differences in the diameter of the blood vessel, the deformation groove of the outer arc surface of the guide pressure sleeve 31 will elastically expand, the inner walls on both sides of the groove will slightly bend outward, and the inner diameter of the reduced diameter 311 will adaptively increase until it tightly fits the outer wall of the blood vessel. During the process, there is no need for the doctor to manually adjust, and it is completely automatically completed by relying on the elastic deformation of the material, which can adapt to blood vessels of various common diameters. When the blood vessel end advances to near the blood vessel compression ring 32, the natural advancing force of the blood vessel will be a small pushing force applied by the doctor through the forceps to push the blood vessel end to continue moving until it contacts the anastomosis nail 322 at the top of the blood vessel compression ring 32. The anastomosis nail 322 is made of medical titanium alloy material, and the tip is round and blunt, which can just penetrate into the adventitia of the blood vessel without damaging the smooth muscle layer of the media. Multiple anastomosis nails 322 are evenly distributed along the ring. When the blood vessel is slightly eccentric, the anastomosis nail 322 on the eccentric side will first penetrate into the adventitia of the blood vessel, and the resulting tension will guide the blood vessel to adjust to the center. At the same time, the hook-shaped ring 321 on the outer arc surface of the blood vessel compression ring 32 will be clamped into the top groove of the semicircular insertion groove 312, forming axial limiting, cooperating with the positioning of the inner bottom wall of the semicircular insertion groove 312, to ensure that the blood vessel compression ring 32 and the guide pressure sleeve 31 maintain good coaxiality, and finally realize the alignment of the central axes of the two blood vessels. If a lateral deviation occurs during blood vessel insertion, the deformation groove of the guide sleeve 31 will undergo asymmetrical deformation. The groove on the deviated side will contract under pressure, while the groove on the other side will expand slightly. The reverse elastic force generated by this deformation will push the guide sleeve 31 to adjust slightly to the opposite side. At the same time, the inner wall of the outwardly expanding leaflet 2 on the deviated side will contact the outer wall of the blood vessel. The lateral force generated by its curvature support will work together to push the blood vessel back to the center, which can quickly complete the deviation correction. The whole process does not require doctor intervention and achieves true autonomous alignment. After alignment, the doctor applies radial pressure to the anastomosis retraction ring 4 using a specialized instrument, such as an anastomosis forceps with a pressure sensor. The anastomosis retraction ring 4 transmits the pressure to the stop ring 5. The pressing end 501 of the stop ring 5 compresses the curved diamond-shaped part 102. Due to its superelastic properties, the diamond structure contracts under pressure, causing the diameter of the anastomosis cavity on the inner arc surface of the leaflet sleeve 1 to shrink, making the inner wall of the anastomosis cavity tightly fit with the outer arc surface of the guide sleeve 31. At the same time, the locking clip 34 slides downward along the conical structure of the guide sleeve 31 under the action of external thrust. The tilt angle of the conical structure converts the axial thrust into radial contraction force, and the diameter of the inner arc surface of the locking clip 34 shrinks. The flexible membrane tube 33, made of medical silicone, generates a uniform clamping force on the outer wall of the blood vessel. This double fixation structure can resist the impact force generated by vascular pulsation, ensuring that the blood vessel does not shift during the anastomosis process, and ultimately achieving the sealing and structural stability of the anastomosis.

[0033] The terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "top," and "bottom" all refer to the figures in the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 Based on the perspective of the observer, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0035] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vascular anastomosis system with autonomous alignment function, characterized in that: The device includes a leaflet sleeve (1), the outer arc surface of which has a central cavity (101), a curved chain rhomboid part (102) between the leaflet sleeve (1) and the central cavity (101), a threading hole on the surface of the curved chain rhomboid part (102), an outwardly expanding leaflet (2) on both the upper and lower surfaces of the leaflet sleeve (1), an arc edge (201) on one side of the outer arc surface of the outwardly expanding leaflet (2), an arc-shaped end face between the outwardly expanding leaflet (2) and the arc edge (201), a vascular dilatation (202) on the upper end face of the outwardly expanding leaflet (2), the leaflet sleeve (1) and the outwardly expanding leaflet (2) are integrated into one structure, the inner arc surface of the leaflet sleeve (1) has an anastomosis cavity, and an alignment component (3) is sleeved in the anastomosis cavity of the inner arc surface of the leaflet sleeve (1). The alignment component (3) includes a guide sleeve (31) that is movably fitted into the inner arc surface of the anastomosis cavity. The bottom of the outer arc surface of the guide sleeve (31) is conical. The guide sleeve (31) has a reduced diameter (311) near the bottom of the conical structure. The outer arc surface of the guide sleeve (31) has a deformation groove. The top of the outer arc surface of the guide sleeve (31) has a semi-arc slot (312).

2. The vascular anastomosis system with autonomous alignment function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner bottom wall of the semi-circular slot (312) is fitted with a vascular compression ring (32), and the outer arc surface of the vascular compression ring (32) is provided with a hook-shaped ring (321). The inner arc surface of the hook-shaped ring (321) is fitted to the top of the semi-circular slot (312).

3. A vascular anastomosis system with autonomous alignment function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the vascular compression ring (32) has a through hole in the middle. The inner arc surface of the top through hole of the vascular compression ring (32) is provided with anastomosis hook (322). The bottom end of the anastomosis hook (322) is adapted to the guide sleeve (31). The vascular compression ring (32) is placed at the top of the anastomosis cavity in the leaflet sleeve (1).

4. A vascular anastomosis system with autonomous alignment function according to claim 3, characterized in that: A flexible membrane tube (33) is sleeved inside the reduced diameter (311) of the lower end face of the guide sleeve (31). The bottom of the outer arc surface of the flexible membrane tube (33) is placed in the bottom inner arc surface of the leaflet sleeve (1). A locking sleeve (34) is sleeved on the bottom of the outer arc surface of the guide sleeve (31).

5. A vascular anastomosis system with autonomous alignment function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer arc surface of the locking sleeve (34) is provided with a deformation groove, and the bottom of the inner arc surface of the locking sleeve (34) is provided with a curved edge (341). The inner arc surface of the curved edge (341) is adapted to the bottom of the leaflet sleeve (1), and the flexible membrane tube (33) is sleeved into the inner arc surface of the locking sleeve (34).

6. A vascular anastomosis system with autonomous alignment function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner arc surface of the locking sleeve (34) abuts against the outer arc surface conical structure of the guide sleeve (31). The locking sleeve (34) and the guide sleeve (31) are in the same vertical plane. The outer arc surface of the locking sleeve (34) fits into the inner arc surface of the anastomosis cavity of the leaflet sleeve (1).

7. A vascular anastomosis system with autonomous alignment function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the outwardly expanding leaflets (2) is two, and they are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides with the leaflet sleeve (1) as the center point. The outer arc surface of the leaflet sleeve (1) is fitted with a matching shrinking ring (4).

8. A vascular anastomosis system with autonomous alignment function according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner arc surface of the anastomosis ring (4) and the leaflet sleeve (1) are provided with a juxtaposition cavity (401). The inner arc surface of the juxtaposition cavity (401) is fitted with a stop ring (5). Both sides of the outer arc surface of the stop ring (5) are provided with pressing ends (501). The inner arc surface of the stop ring (5) is fitted into the outer arc surface of the leaflet sleeve (1).

9. A vascular anastomosis system with autonomous alignment function according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner arc surface of the pressing end (501) abuts against the outer arc surface of the central cavity (101), and the anastomosis shrinking ring (4) is placed in the middle of the leaflet sleeve (1). The inner surface of the anastomosis shrinking ring (4) and the guide pressing sleeve (31) are adapted to each other in an inner and outer ring.

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