A building three-dimensional simulation design method and system based on BIM

Abstract

The application relates to the field of building three-dimensional simulation technology, in particular to a building three-dimensional simulation design method and system based on BIM. The method comprises the following steps: inputting foundation survey data in a three-dimensional simulation interface, demarcating a bearing analysis area, and layering the bearing analysis area according to the depth direction; layer by layer loading design load values in the depth direction layering of the bearing analysis area, and recording the displacement and stress values of each layer in real time, and calculating the bearing strength of each stress point in the layering area; comparing the bearing strength of the stress point with a preset bearing threshold value, determining the layering position reaching or exceeding the threshold value; determining the building reinforcement option by using the layering position exceeding the threshold value, adjusting the bearing strength, and outputting building three-dimensional simulation design data; the application realizes more stable and safe building design through building three-dimensional simulation design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of architectural 3D simulation technology, and in particular to a BIM-based architectural 3D simulation design method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Architectural design and construction methods have gradually revealed numerous shortcomings in terms of efficiency, accuracy, and safety. Especially in foundation bearing capacity analysis, structural stability assessment, and reinforcement scheme development, existing methods often rely on two-dimensional drawings and limited numerical calculation tools, making it difficult to comprehensively reflect the stress state of a building under actual working conditions. The lack of dynamic simulation of complex stress processes in three-dimensional space leads to insufficient accuracy in bearing capacity calculations, thus affecting the rationality of subsequent designs and the reliability of construction. In recent years, Building Information Modeling (BIM), as a digital platform integrating architectural engineering design, construction, and operation and maintenance, has been increasingly widely used in engineering practice. BIM not only enables data management throughout the entire building lifecycle but also has the potential to be integrated with various simulation calculation modules, providing a new technological foundation for three-dimensional simulation design of buildings. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a BIM-based 3D building simulation design method and system to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, a BIM-based 3D building simulation design method includes the following steps:

[0005] Step S1: Input the foundation survey data into the 3D simulation interface, delineate the bearing capacity analysis area, and layer the bearing capacity analysis area according to the depth direction;

[0006] Step S2: Apply the design load value layer by layer in the depth direction of the load analysis area, record the displacement and stress value of each layer in real time, and calculate the load-bearing strength of each stress point in the layered area.

[0007] Step S3: Compare the bearing strength of the stress point with the preset bearing threshold to determine the stratification location that reaches or exceeds the threshold;

[0008] Step S4: Determine building reinforcement options based on the layer locations that exceed the threshold, adjust the load-bearing capacity, and output the building's three-dimensional simulation design data.

[0009] The present invention also provides a BIM-based 3D building simulation design system for executing the BIM-based 3D building simulation design method described above. The BIM-based 3D building simulation design system includes:

[0010] The depth layering module is used to input foundation survey data into the 3D simulation interface, delineate the bearing capacity analysis area, and layer the bearing capacity analysis area according to the depth direction.

[0011] The load-bearing strength analysis module is used to apply the design load value layer by layer in the depth direction of the load-bearing analysis area, record the displacement and stress value of each layer in real time, and calculate the load-bearing strength of each stress point in the layered area.

[0012] The threshold comparison module is used to compare the bearing strength of the stress point with the preset bearing threshold to determine the layer position that reaches or exceeds the threshold.

[0013] The simulation design module is used to determine building reinforcement options based on the layer locations that exceed the threshold, adjust the load-bearing capacity, and output three-dimensional simulation design data for the building.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0015] (1) By inputting foundation survey data and delineating the bearing analysis area in the three-dimensional simulation interface, and layering the area along the depth direction, it is possible to achieve refined analysis by layer and region, so that the bearing characteristics of each layer can be calculated and recorded separately, thereby improving the accuracy of the overall foundation bearing performance assessment and providing a reliable basis for subsequent design.

[0016] (2) During the process of loading the design load value layer by layer in the layered area, the displacement and stress value of each node are recorded in real time, and the bearing strength of each stress point is calculated so that the system can judge the stress state and bearing capacity of each layer in real time, ensuring that the comparison between the bearing strength and the design load value is accurate and effective, and facilitating the timely detection of potential bearing risks.

[0017] (3) By comparing the bearing strength of the stress point with the preset threshold, the layer location that needs to be reinforced is determined, and the bearing strength is adjusted according to the judgment result. The system can output three-dimensional simulation design data of the building, provide a scientific basis for engineering reinforcement scheme and building design optimization, and achieve the coordination and unity of design and safety. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the steps of a BIM-based 3D simulation design method for buildings.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a 3D visualization model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the trend of load-bearing strength variation at the stress point.

[0021] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical method of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of the invention and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted. Some block diagrams shown in the drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. These functional entities can be implemented in software, in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different network and / or processor methods and / or microcontroller methods.

[0024] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," etc., may be used herein to describe various units, these units should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used merely to distinguish one unit from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiments, a first unit may be referred to as a second unit, and similarly, a second unit may be referred to as a first unit. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0025] To achieve the above objectives, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 A BIM-based 3D building simulation design method includes the following steps:

[0026] Step S1: Input the foundation survey data into the 3D simulation interface, delineate the bearing capacity analysis area, and layer the bearing capacity analysis area according to the depth direction;

[0027] Step S2: Apply the design load value layer by layer in the depth direction of the load analysis area, record the displacement and stress value of each layer in real time, and calculate the load-bearing strength of each stress point in the layered area.

[0028] Step S3: Compare the bearing strength of the stress point with the preset bearing threshold to determine the stratification location that reaches or exceeds the threshold;

[0029] Step S4: Determine building reinforcement options based on the layer locations that exceed the threshold, adjust the load-bearing capacity, and output the building's three-dimensional simulation design data.

[0030] It should be noted that this application does not restrict the use of the relevant operating software.

[0031] In one embodiment, the construction team imports on-site foundation survey data into a 3D simulation interface. This survey data includes borehole depth, soil parameters for each layer, and bearing capacity values. A corresponding geological profile is automatically generated in the interface. By drawing a rectangular area in the simulation interface, this area is designated as the bearing capacity analysis range, and a correspondence is established with the geological profile information. Then, according to the input top and bottom layer depth parameters, this area is divided into multiple layered regions along the vertical direction.

[0032] After establishing the layered regions, select the design load input module and input the corresponding building load parameters (e.g., foundation slab design load 100kN / m²). Apply this load value to the stress surface of the uppermost region, and the simulation calculation module will then start, collecting the displacement and stress values ​​of each node within the layered region in real time. After the calculation is completed, the bearing capacity of each node is calculated based on the nodal stress and displacement, and the results are displayed in the interface in the form of a 3D cloud map. The simulation automatically switches to the next layer, repeating the above loading, data collection, and calculation process until the stress strength calculation of all layered regions is completed.

[0033] After calculating the load-bearing strength of each layer, the system automatically calls the preset load-bearing threshold (such as the standard value of a safety factor of 1.5) and compares the load-bearing strength of each stress point. When the load-bearing strength of a certain layer is lower than the design threshold, the layer is automatically marked as an "over-limit layer" and indicated in red in the 3D model.

[0034] Based on the location of the over-limit layer, the building reinforcement option library is accessed, allowing users to select methods such as pile foundation reinforcement, replacement treatment, or chemical grouting. After selecting a specific reinforcement scheme in the interface, the bearing capacity of that layer is automatically adjusted, and new simulation results are generated. Finally, complete simulation design data containing bearing layer information, reinforcement schemes, and a 3D model is output as auxiliary data for construction design.

[0035] In one embodiment, a completed geological survey result file is retrieved from a computer terminal. This file includes borehole depth, soil layer type, lithological description, and corresponding bearing capacity parameters. The data import module is opened in the 3D simulation interface, the survey result file is selected, and the coordinate system and scale are initialized sequentially according to the interface prompts, allowing the geological profile information to be displayed at its true size in the 3D interface. After importing, the "Region Delineation" function is invoked in the interface toolbar. Using the proposed project location as a reference, the four corner points of the proposed area are clicked sequentially with the mouse to automatically generate a rectangular boundary line, thereby determining the planar extent of the bearing capacity analysis area.

[0036] Furthermore, after defining the boundary range, the planar boundary is compared with the coordinate system of the geological survey data to establish a corresponding relationship between the planar boundary of the analysis area and the geological profile information. Subsequently, the depth division function is selected in the interface, the layer thickness value is set, and the layers are divided layer by layer along the depth direction from the surface until the deepest point covered by the survey data is reached, thereby forming multiple layered regions. Each layered region inherits the geological profile information within its corresponding depth range.

[0037] In another embodiment, when inputting foundation survey data, instead of directly importing the complete survey results file, a blank project file is first created in the simulation interface. The manual input function is then invoked to input the coordinates, depth, and lithological information of the borehole points into the database item by item. Geological profile lines are automatically generated and visualized in the 3D interface. Using the boundary drawing function in the interface, boundary lines are sequentially drawn along the roads surrounding the proposed project or known control points. The closed area of ​​the drawn boundary is defined as the bearing capacity analysis area. The boundary area is then matched point by point with the input borehole data.

[0038] Select the automatic layering mode in the interface. The layering boundary will be automatically set according to the thickness variation of different soil layers, and the corresponding lithology and mechanical parameters will be loaded in each layered area to make the resulting layered area more consistent with the actual survey conditions.

[0039] It should be noted that general-purpose 3D modeling and simulation software, such as Autodesk Revit or Navisworks, can be used in conjunction with custom scripts to complete the import of geological data and load analysis; open-source 3D visualization tools, such as Blender, can be used to achieve layer division and load application using their built-in modeling and physics engines; and specialized Building Information Modeling (BIM) software, such as Bentley AECOsim and Tekla Structures, can be used to connect geological survey data with 3D models and perform load calculations through plugins or interfaces.

[0040] Preferably, step S1 includes the following steps:

[0041] Step S11: Input foundation survey data and import the geological profile information from the foundation survey data into the 3D simulation interface;

[0042] Step S12: Determine the planar boundary range of the bearing capacity analysis area in the simulation interface, and establish the correlation between the bearing capacity analysis area and the geological survey data;

[0043] Step S13: Based on the planar boundary range of the load analysis area, divide the planar boundary range into multiple layered regions along the depth direction.

[0044] In one embodiment, the operator opens 3D simulation software on a computer terminal, calls the "Data Import" function, and selects a completed foundation survey result file. This file contains borehole depth, lithological description, and soil bearing capacity parameters. After importation, a geological profile is automatically generated in the 3D simulation interface and scaled according to the survey coordinate system. Next, the operator uses the "Boundary Drawing" tool in the simulation interface, using the control points of the proposed project as a reference, and clicks on the corner points in sequence to draw a rectangular area, defining this area as the bearing capacity analysis range. Subsequently, the operator calls the "Layer Setting" function in the interface, and based on the layer top and bottom depth parameters recorded in the survey results, divides the bearing capacity analysis area into multiple layered regions along the depth direction. Each layered region automatically inherits the corresponding geological profile information, providing basic data for subsequent bearing capacity calculations.

[0045] In another embodiment, instead of directly importing the complete survey results file, the operator creates a blank project file in the 3D simulation interface and selects the "manual input" mode. In the input interface, the operator inputs the borehole coordinates, soil layer thickness, and bearing capacity parameters one by one. The system generates corresponding geological profiles based on the input information and displays them in the 3D interface. After data input is complete, the operator uses the "area selection" function to click along the control lines of the surrounding roads or walls of the proposed site to form irregular polygonal boundaries, which are then defined as the bearing capacity analysis area. Then, under the "automatic stratification" function, the system automatically generates stratification boundaries based on soil layer thickness and lithological differences, forming multiple stratified areas. Each stratified area is bound to corresponding lithological and mechanical parameters, achieving point-by-point matching between the bearing capacity analysis area and the geological data.

[0046] Preferably, step S12 includes the following steps:

[0047] Step S121: Call the design coordinate file in the 3D simulation interface and determine the positioning point of the project location;

[0048] Step S122: Using the positioning point as a reference, draw the long boundary line and short boundary line of the base plane, and set the specific length of the long boundary line and short boundary line;

[0049] Step S123: Define the rectangular area enclosed by the long boundary line and the short boundary line as the planar boundary range for the load-bearing analysis;

[0050] Step S124: Within the planar boundary range, establish the correlation between the bearing capacity analysis area and the geological survey data.

[0051] In one embodiment, a design coordinate file is invoked in the 3D simulation interface. This file is the construction design result file of the proposed project, containing coordinate system parameters, control point information, and reference azimuth data. The "Import Coordinate File" function is selected in the interface, and the required file is located in the file directory. After clicking "Confirm," the coordinate system is automatically loaded into the simulation scene. After loading is complete, multiple design positioning points are displayed on the interface. The center positioning point of the proposed project is selected as the reference point.

[0052] Then, using the selected positioning point as a reference, call the "Boundary Drawing" function, drag along the horizontal direction in the interface to generate a long boundary line, and enter the specific length value of the long boundary line in the pop-up parameter setting window; then, drag along the vertical direction to generate a short boundary line, and set the specific length in the same way.

[0053] Based on the input long and short boundary line parameters, the two intersect at the positioning point, automatically generating a rectangular closed area. After drawing, click the "Define Boundary" button to mark the formed rectangular area as the planar boundary range of the bearing capacity analysis. Compare the coordinates of this planar boundary range with the previously imported geological survey data to establish a correspondence between the bearing capacity analysis area and the corresponding borehole depth and lithological parameters.

[0054] In another embodiment, instead of directly calling the complete design coordinate file, the coordinates of key control points are manually entered in the 3D simulation interface. Specifically, the X and Y coordinate values ​​of known engineering positioning points are entered in the "Coordinate Input" function, and the corresponding positioning points are generated in the 3D interface. Based on the positioning points, a long boundary line is drawn along a predetermined direction, the line segment is automatically generated and the input length is prompted. The required value, such as 50 meters, is entered in the input box.

[0055] Next, draw a short boundary line vertically and enter its length, for example, 30 meters. The system will automatically close the long boundary line with the short boundary line to generate a rectangular area. After completion, use the "Region Definition" function to name this area the bearing capacity analysis boundary and save it. Then, in the "Data Integration" function, select the borehole points within the area and establish a mapping relationship between their depths and stratigraphic information and the boundary range. This ensures that the bearing capacity analysis area corresponds point-by-point with the geological survey data, guaranteeing that subsequent analyses can automatically call upon the corresponding stratigraphic parameters.

[0056] Preferably, step S124 includes:

[0057] Within the planar boundary of the load-bearing analysis area, the planar boundary is divided into several coordinate grid units according to the set grid division rules. The size of the coordinate grid units ranges from 0.5 meters to 2 meters.

[0058] Assign a unique index number to each coordinate grid cell and record the coordinates of the center point of the grid cell;

[0059] The coordinates of the center point are compared with the coordinates of the survey points in the geological survey data to determine the survey data points corresponding to the grid cells;

[0060] Establish the association between the grid index number and the corresponding survey data point.

[0061] In one embodiment, the "mesh generation" function is invoked in the 3D simulation interface, setting the generation rule to equilateral rectangles and the mesh size to 1 meter × 1 meter. The system generates mesh cells based on the boundary of the load-bearing analysis area, automatically numbers each cell, and calculates and records the coordinates of the center point. Subsequently, the coordinates of the center point are compared with the survey points in the geological survey data, and points within 0.5 meters are selected as corresponding points. A correlation between the number and the survey point is established in the database.

[0062] In another embodiment, a custom size is selected in the "Grid Settings" interface, such as 2 meters for the long side and 0.5 meters for the short side, and the system generates elongated grid cells. After the grid is divided, each cell is numbered using the "Index Management" function, and the numbering order can be manually adjusted.

[0063] The system automatically calculates the geometric center point of each grid cell and stores its coordinates in the grid attributes. Next, it invokes the "Data Matching" module, selecting the "Nearest Point Matching" method. The system then performs spatial nearest neighbor calculations between the grid center point coordinates and the borehole point coordinates in the geological survey data, obtaining the nearest borehole point for each grid cell. The system automatically generates a correlation table containing the grid number, grid center point coordinates, and corresponding borehole point number, thus binding the grid index to the survey data.

[0064] Preferably, step S2 includes the following steps:

[0065] Step S131: In the simulation interface, determine the planar boundary range of the bearing analysis area, obtain the top and bottom depths of the layer recorded in the geological survey data, and use them as vertical dividing points;

[0066] Step S132: Using the top and bottom depths of the layer as the dividing criteria, divide the area within the plane boundary into several vertical segments;

[0067] Step S133: Extend several segments within the plane boundary to form multiple layered regions.

[0068] In one embodiment, the planar boundary range of the analysis area is loaded in the 3D simulation interface, and the "Geological Layer Data" module is invoked. In this module, the system automatically reads the geological survey data file corresponding to the area, which contains the top and bottom depths of each stratum. After confirming these depth parameters, the "Generate Boundary Points" button is clicked, and the system sequentially marks the boundary points of each stratum top and bottom on the vertical coordinate axis.

[0069] Next, selecting the vertical division function, the system divides the bearing capacity analysis area vertically into several segments based on the depth values ​​of the top and bottom layers. Each segment corresponds to a complete geological stratum. Subsequently, the system extends each segment laterally along the planar boundary, generating layered regions that match the planar area and distinguishing them with different colors. Upon completion, the bearing capacity analysis area displayed on the interface consists of multiple stacked layered regions, each corresponding one-to-one with a specific stratum in the geological survey data.

[0070] In another embodiment, instead of directly using the layer top and bottom depths automatically read by the system, the adjustment function is invoked to correct the layer depth information in the survey data. For example, if the geological survey report confirms that the actual layer top depth of a certain layer is 8.6 meters, while the system's initial reading is 9 meters, then 8.6 meters can be manually entered, and the corrected value can be used as the new dividing point.

[0071] After calibration, the system performs vertical division based on the corrected boundary points. During the division process, a "fixed layer thickness" mode can be selected, specifying that each layer thickness is no less than 0.5 meters. If a layer is insufficient in thickness, the system automatically merges it into an adjacent layer. After division, the system extends these layers along the planar boundary of the bearing capacity analysis area, generating corresponding layered regions. To facilitate subsequent identification, the system also labels the layer name at the center of each layered region, such as "silty clay layer" or "medium sand layer," and records its upper and lower boundary depth values ​​in the attribute table.

[0072] Preferably, step S2 includes the following steps:

[0073] Step S21: Apply the preset design load value to the upper surface of the layered region and start the simulation calculation module;

[0074] Step S22: During the loading process, the displacement and stress values ​​of each node in the layered region are collected in real time;

[0075] Step S23: For multiple stress points within the layered region, calculate the bearing capacity of each stress point based on the stress value and displacement.

[0076] Step S24: Compare the bearing strength of each stress point with the corresponding design load value, and determine whether the layered area has bearing stability;

[0077] Step S25: After completing the calculation and determination of the current layer area, proceed to the next layer area and execute the same process until the bearing capacity of all layer areas has been calculated.

[0078] In one embodiment, a model of a specific layered region is selected in the 3D simulation interface, and a preset design load value, such as 200 kPa, is entered on the upper surface of that layered region. Then, the "Load Simulation" button is clicked, and the simulation calculation module starts and gradually applies the load. During the loading process, the system automatically monitors the deformation of each node in the finite element mesh of that layered region, collects the displacement and stress values ​​of the nodes in real time, and displays them on the interface in the form of numerical tables and dynamic graphs. Next, the system imports the stress value and corresponding displacement of each stressed point into the "Bearing Capacity Calculation" module, and calls the built-in mechanical formulas to calculate the bearing capacity of that stressed point.

[0079] After the calculation is completed, the system compares the bearing strength of each stress point with the input design load value one by one. If the bearing strength of a stress point is less than the design load value, the system marks the point in red on the interface and prompts "Instability not met"; if all stress points meet the strength requirements, the layer area is judged as "stable". After the judgment of the layer area is completed, clicking the next layer button will automatically switch the system to the next layer area and repeat the above loading, data acquisition, calculation and judgment process until the bearing strength calculation and stability judgment of all layers area are completed.

[0080] In another embodiment, before applying the design load, the "graded loading" function is invoked to divide the total design load into several levels, such as 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. The system loads the load level by level according to a preset sequence. Under each load level, the system collects the stress and displacement of each node in the layered region in real time and saves this data as a graded curve. Subsequently, the system performs a fitting calculation on the stress-displacement relationship of each stressed point under different load levels to obtain the trend of the bearing capacity variation of that stressed point.

[0081] After fitting, the system compares the final bearing strength of each stress point with the design load value and determines whether the layered region remains stable under full load conditions. If it is determined to be unstable, the system will automatically generate a "bearing capacity warning report" and indicate the location of the specific stress point and the corresponding safety factor. After completing the analysis of this layer, the system automatically jumps to the next layered region and repeats the same graded loading and judgment process until the bearing stability of all layersed regions has been determined.

[0082] Preferably, step S23 includes the following steps:

[0083] Step S211: Determine the geometric boundary of the layered region and extract the upper surface of the layered region as the load application surface;

[0084] Step S212: Distribute the preset design load value on the load application surface;

[0085] Step S213: Convert the design load values ​​into identifiable simulation input parameters and write them into the simulation calculation unit;

[0086] Step S214: Start the simulation calculation unit to perform stress calculation on the layered region.

[0087] In one embodiment, a layered region model of the proposed project is loaded into the 3D simulation interface. The boundary line of the layered region is selected using the mouse, and the system automatically generates a closed geometric boundary. After determining the geometric boundary, the "Extract Surface" function is clicked, and the system automatically identifies the upper surface of the layered region and defines it as the load application surface. Subsequently, a preset design load value, such as 200 kPa, is entered in the parameter input window, and a uniformly distributed loading method is selected. The system then evenly distributes the design load value on the load application surface. After distribution, the system converts the input design load value into a numerical matrix form recognizable by the simulation calculation unit and writes it to the corresponding calculation file. Finally, the "Start Calculation" button is clicked to start the simulation calculation unit. The system performs stress calculations on the layered region and outputs stress and displacement field distribution maps in real time.

[0088] In another embodiment, the layered region model is also loaded into the 3D simulation interface first. However, when determining the geometric boundaries, a coordinate file is imported, that is, the boundary coordinate points in the external design file are directly read, and the system automatically generates the geometric boundaries based on the coordinate points. The "surface partitioning" function divides the upper surface of the layered region into multiple sub-regions, for example, into several small squares in a grid format. Different load distribution coefficients, such as 1.0, 0.8, and 1.2, are input into each sub-region. The system performs weighted calculations on the preset design load values ​​based on these coefficients, thereby forming a non-uniform load distribution on the load application surface. The system converts this non-uniform load data into a discrete input format that the simulation calculation unit can recognize and writes it into the corresponding calculation model file. Subsequently, clicking "Run Partition Calculation" initiates the simulation calculation unit to load the loads of each sub-region one by one and perform overall stress analysis. The output results not only include the overall stress and displacement distribution but also display the load response of each sub-region individually.

[0089] Preferably, step S3 includes the following steps:

[0090] Step S241: Obtain the design load values ​​for the corresponding layered area;

[0091] Step S242: Distribute the design load values ​​according to the distribution location of the stress points;

[0092] Step S243: Compare the bearing capacity of each stress point with its corresponding distributed load value, and calculate the ratio of bearing capacity to load value;

[0093] Step S244: When the ratio is greater than or equal to the preset safety factor, it is determined that the stress point meets the bearing requirements;

[0094] Step S245: Determine the load-bearing stability status of the layered region based on the comparison results of the proportion of stress points that meet the load-bearing requirements within the layered region and the preset stability judgment threshold.

[0095] In one embodiment, the system reads the design load value of the layered region through a simulation calculation unit, and displays the overall load parameters of the layered region on the interface. Then, by clicking the "Load Allocation" function, the system automatically decomposes the design load value to each stress point according to a preset grid division; for example, each grid node corresponds to one stress point, and the allocated load value for each stress point is labeled with a numerical tag on the interface. After allocation, the system automatically calls the bearing strength calculation results stored in the database, extracts the bearing strength value of each stress point one by one, compares it with its corresponding allocated load value, and calculates the strength / load ratio for each stress point.

[0096] After the calculation is completed, the system judges each ratio one by one according to a preset safety factor, such as 1.5: when the ratio is greater than or equal to 1.5, the system automatically marks the stress point as "meets the requirements", otherwise it is marked as "does not meet the requirements". Finally, the system counts the proportion of all stress points that meet the requirements and compares it with a preset stability judgment threshold (such as 80%). If the proportion is greater than or equal to the threshold, the system outputs that the load-bearing stability of the layered area is stable, otherwise it outputs that it is unstable.

[0097] In another embodiment, a layered region is selected in the simulation interface, and the design load value file is directly imported through the input window. This file records the load distribution information corresponding to different stress points. The system automatically reads and binds each distributed load value to the coordinate position of the stress point. After the import is completed, the existing database is no longer called. Instead, the bearing strength value of each stress point is obtained through real-time calculation. That is, the bearing strength is obtained point by point based on the soil layer parameters and constitutive model of the layered region.

[0098] By comparing the bearing strength and load value at each stress point, the strength / load ratio is calculated and visually marked on the interface using a color-coded scale. For example, green indicates a ratio greater than or equal to the safety factor, while red indicates a ratio less than the safety factor. Based on these ratio distributions, the system automatically generates a safety report, listing the results of qualified and unqualified bearing capacity at each point.

[0099] Finally, the percentage of qualified points is counted and compared with the set threshold (e.g., 90%). If the threshold is reached or exceeded, the judgment result is automatically output as stable and a report file is generated for subsequent design reference. Otherwise, the output is unstable and a prompt is made to readjust the parameters.

[0100] Preferably, step S245 includes:

[0101] The number of stress points within the statistically layered area that meet the load-bearing requirements;

[0102] Calculate the percentage of each stress point relative to the total number of stress points to determine the load-bearing requirement satisfaction rate;

[0103] The load-bearing requirement satisfaction rate is compared with the preset stability judgment threshold. When the satisfaction rate reaches or exceeds the stability judgment threshold, the layered area is judged to have load-bearing stability; otherwise, it is judged to have insufficient load-bearing stability.

[0104] In one embodiment, the ratio determination result from step S244 is invoked to read the determination status of all stress points into the statistics module. Next, the system automatically iterates through all stress points one by one, counting the number marked as meeting the load-bearing requirements, and displays this number on the interface in real time. After completing the statistics, the system obtains the total number of stress points in the layered area and divides the aforementioned number of meeting requirements by the total number to obtain a percentage value, i.e., the load-bearing requirement satisfaction rate. Subsequently, the system automatically calls the stability determination threshold in the preset parameter library, for example, 80%, and compares the calculated satisfaction rate with this threshold. When the satisfaction rate is greater than or equal to 80%, the system determines in the result output window that the layered area "possesses load-bearing stability" and stores this conclusion in the engineering database; when the satisfaction rate is less than 80%, the system outputs a prompt indicating insufficient load-bearing stability and highlights it in the prompt bar, requiring design adjustments.

[0105] In another embodiment, the stress point determination result of step S244 is displayed in the simulation interface using color labels, for example, green indicates "meets requirements" and red indicates "does not meet requirements". By clicking the "Stability Calculation" button, the system automatically counts the number of green stress points and displays them in the statistics window. It calls the built-in layered region mesh information, directly reads the total number of stress points, and completes the percentage calculation in the background to obtain the satisfaction rate.

[0106] The satisfaction rate is compared with the stability threshold set on the interface; for example, a custom threshold of 85% can be set in the input box. When the satisfaction rate is greater than or equal to 85%, the system not only displays "Stable" in the results window but also generates an automatic report file listing the layer area number, stress point distribution, and satisfaction rate value for engineering design archiving. When the satisfaction rate is less than 85%, the system displays "Unstable" and generates a risk warning report listing the coordinates and ratios of stress points that do not meet the load-bearing requirements, facilitating further reinforcement or redesign.

[0107] Of particular importance, step S3 includes the following steps:

[0108] Step S31: Preset the load threshold;

[0109] Step S32: Compare the bearing strength of each stress point with a preset bearing threshold;

[0110] Step S33: For stress points with a bearing capacity greater than or equal to the bearing threshold, mark the location of the layered region where they are located;

[0111] Step S34: Record the location of the layered region in the form of coordinate index.

[0112] In one embodiment, the load-bearing threshold comparison method includes: First, in the simulation system, the designer presets a load-bearing threshold, for example, 300 kPa according to the specification requirements, and stores this value in the threshold database (step S31); then, after completing the stress calculation of the layered area, the system automatically extracts the load-bearing strength value of each stress point (step S32) and compares it with the load-bearing threshold one by one; when it is determined that the load-bearing strength of a certain stress point is greater than or equal to the threshold, the system marks the layered area where the stress point is located as "meets the requirements" and displays it in green primitives in the simulation interface (step S33); at the same time, the system records the position of the layered area in the form of coordinate index, for example, records its X and Y plane coordinates and the depth information in the Z direction, and writes it into the database for subsequent statistics and reinforcement scheme generation (step S34).

[0113] In another embodiment, the load-bearing threshold comparison method includes: setting different types of load-bearing thresholds in the simulation platform, such as setting a "design value threshold" and a "safety reserve threshold", and inputting them into the system parameter library respectively (step S31); then, after the system completes the stress calculation of the layered region, it reads the load-bearing strength of each stress point point by point and compares it with the two types of thresholds simultaneously (step S32); when the load-bearing strength is greater than or equal to the design value threshold but lower than the safety reserve threshold, the system marks the stress point as a "critical state" and highlights it with yellow primitives in the three-dimensional interface (step S33); for stress points with load-bearing strength greater than or equal to the safety reserve threshold, the system marks them as "safe state" and displays them with blue primitives; subsequently, the system writes the layered region positions of different states into the database in the form of coordinate indexes, forming a record table containing layer number, coordinate index, and state attributes (step S34), for subsequent stability determination and reinforcement scheme selection.

[0114] Of particular importance, step S4 includes the following steps:

[0115] Step S41: Based on the geological parameters and bearing capacity defects of the layered location, select matching reinforcement options and generate an adjustment plan;

[0116] Step S42: In the simulation calculation module, apply the reinforcement option to the corresponding layer position and recalculate the adjusted bearing strength;

[0117] Step S43: Compare the adjusted bearing strength with the original bearing strength;

[0118] Step S44: Output the 3D simulation design data of the building with the adjustment results and load-bearing strength data.

[0119] In one embodiment, the reinforcement adjustment method includes: based on the geological parameters of the stratified location (such as soil density, water content, and shear modulus) and the degree of bearing defect obtained by comparison, calling the reinforcement option library, automatically matching a suitable reinforcement method, such as selecting grouting reinforcement, and generating corresponding adjustment scheme parameters, including grout type, injection pressure, and injection range; then, in the simulation calculation module, applying the reinforcement scheme to the corresponding stratified area, simulating the grout diffusion process and soil reinforcement effect, and obtaining the stratified parameters after reinforcement; subsequently, the system compares the bearing strength of the stratified area after reinforcement with the original bearing strength before reinforcement point by point to form a bearing improvement curve; finally, the system outputs the comparison results and the adjusted bearing strength data together as a three-dimensional building simulation design data file, and displays the reinforced area in the three-dimensional interface with updated color indicators.

[0120] In another embodiment, the reinforcement adjustment method includes: the designer manually selects a reinforcement method, such as a pile foundation reinforcement scheme, based on the geological parameters of the layer location (such as layer thickness, void ratio, and settlement) and the bearing defect level calculated by the system, and inputs design parameters such as pile diameter, pile length, and pile spacing in the system interface; the system automatically generates an adjustment scheme; then, the pile foundation reinforcement scheme is loaded into the simulation calculation module to simulate the pile-soil interaction process and output the bearing strength distribution after reinforcement; the system compares the adjusted bearing strength with the original bearing strength one by one to generate a bearing defect improvement rate form; the improvement rate results and bearing strength data are exported as a three-dimensional simulation design data report, and the pile positions are displayed in the interface using symbol markers.

[0121] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the invention herein.

Claims

1. A BIM-based 3D building simulation design method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Input the foundation survey data into the 3D simulation interface, delineate the bearing capacity analysis area, and layer the bearing capacity analysis area according to the depth direction; Step S2: Apply the design load value layer by layer in the depth direction of the load-bearing analysis area, record the displacement and stress values ​​of each layer in real time, and calculate the load-bearing strength of each stress point in the layered area; wherein, step S2 includes the following steps: Step S21: Apply a preset design load value to the upper surface of the layered region and start the simulation calculation module; wherein, step S21 includes the following steps: Step S211: Determine the geometric boundary of the layered region and extract the upper surface of the layered region as the load application surface; Step S212: Distribute the preset design load value on the load application surface; Step S213: Convert the design load values ​​into identifiable simulation input parameters and write them into the simulation calculation unit; Step S214: Start the simulation calculation unit to perform stress calculation on the layered region; Step S22: During the loading process, the displacement and stress values ​​of each node in the layered region are collected in real time; Step S23: For multiple stress points within the layered region, calculate the bearing capacity of each stress point based on the stress value and displacement. Step S24: Compare the bearing strength of each stress point with the corresponding design load value, and determine whether the layered area has bearing stability; Step S25: After completing the calculation and determination of the current layer area, proceed to the next layer area and execute the same process until the bearing capacity of all layer areas has been calculated. Step S3: Compare the bearing strength of the stress point with the preset bearing threshold to determine the stratification location that reaches or exceeds the threshold; Step S4: Determine building reinforcement options based on the layer locations that exceed the threshold, adjust the load-bearing capacity, and output the building's three-dimensional simulation design data.

2. The BIM-based 3D building simulation design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes the following steps: Step S11: Input foundation survey data and import the geological profile information from the foundation survey data into the 3D simulation interface; Step S12: Determine the planar boundary range of the bearing capacity analysis area in the simulation interface, and establish the correlation between the bearing capacity analysis area and the geological survey data; Step S13: Based on the planar boundary range of the load analysis area, divide the planar boundary range into multiple layered regions along the depth direction.

3. The BIM-based 3D building simulation design method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S12 includes the following steps: Step S121: Call the design coordinate file in the 3D simulation interface and determine the positioning point of the project location; Step S122: Using the positioning point as a reference, draw the long boundary line and short boundary line of the base plane, and set the specific length of the long boundary line and short boundary line; Step S123: Define the rectangular area enclosed by the long boundary line and the short boundary line as the planar boundary range for the load-bearing analysis; Step S124: Within the planar boundary range, establish the correlation between the bearing capacity analysis area and the geological survey data.

4. The BIM-based 3D building simulation design method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Step S124 includes: Within the planar boundary of the load-bearing analysis area, the planar boundary is divided into several coordinate grid units according to the set grid division rules. The size of the coordinate grid units ranges from 0.5 meters to 2 meters. Assign a unique index number to each coordinate grid cell and record the coordinates of the center point of the grid cell; The coordinates of the center point are compared with the coordinates of the survey points in the geological survey data to determine the survey data points corresponding to the grid cells; Establish the association between the grid index number and the corresponding survey data point.

5. The BIM-based 3D building simulation design method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S13 includes the following steps: Step S131: In the simulation interface, determine the planar boundary range of the bearing analysis area, obtain the top and bottom depths of the layer recorded in the geological survey data, and use them as vertical dividing points; Step S132: Using the top and bottom depths of the layer as the dividing criteria, divide the area within the plane boundary into several vertical segments; Step S133: Extend several segments within the plane boundary to form multiple layered regions.

6. The BIM-based 3D building simulation design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S24 includes the following steps: Step S241: Obtain the design load values ​​for the corresponding layered area; Step S242: Distribute the design load values ​​according to the distribution location of the stress points; Step S243: Compare the bearing capacity of each stress point with its corresponding distributed load value, and calculate the ratio of bearing capacity to load value; Step S244: When the ratio is greater than or equal to the preset safety factor, it is determined that the stress point meets the bearing requirements; Step S245: Determine the load-bearing stability status of the layered region based on the comparison results of the proportion of stress points that meet the load-bearing requirements within the layered region and the preset stability judgment threshold.

7. The BIM-based 3D building simulation design method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S245 includes: The number of stress points within the statistically layered area that meet the load-bearing requirements; Calculate the percentage of each stress point relative to the total number of stress points to determine the load-bearing requirement satisfaction rate; The load-bearing requirement satisfaction rate is compared with the preset stability judgment threshold. When the satisfaction rate reaches or exceeds the stability judgment threshold, the layered area is judged to have load-bearing stability; otherwise, it is judged to have insufficient load-bearing stability.

8. A BIM-based 3D building simulation design system, characterized in that, For executing the BIM-based 3D building simulation design method as described in claim 1, the BIM-based 3D building simulation design system comprises: The depth layering module is used to input foundation survey data into the 3D simulation interface, delineate the bearing capacity analysis area, and layer the bearing capacity analysis area according to the depth direction. The load-bearing strength analysis module is used to apply the design load value layer by layer in the depth direction of the load-bearing analysis area, record the displacement and stress value of each layer in real time, and calculate the load-bearing strength of each stress point in the layered area. The threshold comparison module is used to compare the bearing strength of the stress point with the preset bearing threshold to determine the layer position that reaches or exceeds the threshold. The simulation design module is used to determine building reinforcement options based on the layer locations that exceed the threshold, adjust the load-bearing capacity, and output three-dimensional simulation design data for the building.

Images