A high-precision fuel cell internal temperature and current distribution integrated detection device, a temperature correction method and a fuel cell

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of fuel cell thermal management, and discloses a high-precision fuel cell internal temperature and current distribution integrated detection device, a temperature correction method and a fuel cell. The integrated detection device comprises a temperature-current partition collection plate, the temperature-current partition collection plate is integrated with temperature sensors and current sensors, and can be arranged between a current collecting plate and an end plate of a fuel cell and / or between adjacent plates. The collection plate adopts a multilayer PCB plate structure, the sensor layout comprises three schemes of bilateral independence, same-side staggering and bilateral double-sensor staggering, and is suitable for different detection requirements. The sensors are positioned through preset installation detection holes of the plates / current collecting plates, and gaps are filled with heat-conducting glue or insulating glue to avoid structural damage. The application realizes integrated and accurate detection of temperature and current, avoids battery structure damage, is suitable for multiple types of fuel cells, provides data support for performance optimization and life extension of the battery, and can be widely applied to the new energy field.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, in particular to fuel cell thermal management, more particularly to a high-precision fuel cell internal temperature and current distribution integrated detection device, a temperature correction method and a fuel cell. BACKGROUND

[0002] The performance and life of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) are affected by a variety of factors, among which the current and temperature distribution within the cell are particularly critical. Non-uniform distribution of current in the active reaction zone can lead to reduced utilization of reactants and electrocatalysts, which can greatly reduce the efficiency of the cell and accelerate the aging of the cell, severely shortening its service life. Therefore, collecting the internal current distribution of the cell during operation is crucial for a deep understanding of the operating state of the fuel cell. During the operation of the cell, the influence of temperature on the performance of the PEMFC cannot be ignored. Due to the compact structure of the PEMFC, the internal temperature distribution often has great variability, and even local hot spots can be formed, causing damage to the performance and life of the cell. By simultaneously monitoring the internal current and temperature of the cell, the correlation between the current distribution and the temperature distribution can be explored, providing an important basis for the control strategy of the fuel cell system, thereby ensuring efficient and stable operation of the system.

[0003] To further study the internal current and temperature distribution of the PEMFC and improve the performance and optimize the structural design of the cell, it is crucial to select a reasonable and effective partition detection technology. The mainstream partition detection technologies currently include resistance network technology, Hall sensor technology, and printed circuit board (PCB) technology. Although resistance network technology and Hall sensor technology are theoretically feasible, they are complex to implement, have high technical difficulty, and can damage the structure of the cell, limiting their practical application. In contrast, PCB technology has been more widely adopted due to its low cost and ease of implementation. Traditional PCB-based partition detection methods mainly include embedded resistance and external resistance. Embedded resistance involves embedding resistance media into the test board and connecting external devices through signal lines to obtain the current distribution. However, this technology is not mature in China and has high process costs, making it difficult to control the accuracy of the resistance, which requires additional resistance calibration, greatly increasing the testing difficulty. External resistance places the sampling resistance on the surface of the circuit board and connects the test partition and the sampling resistance through copper foil. This method is simple in structure, low in cost, and highly portable, and has been widely applied.

[0004] In temperature testing, traditional methods typically embed thermocouples and other components into the fuel cell flow channels or heat-press them together with the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). However, these implanted measurement methods are not only complex in process, but the implantation itself can disrupt the integrity of the battery structure, potentially leading to decreased battery airtightness, reduced MEA active area, and consequently affecting fuel cell performance. Traditional PCB-based partitioned testing methods, due to the addition of PCB acquisition and other components to the original fuel cell stack components, involve extremely complex assembly processes, which can lead to reduced airtightness reliability, decreased acquisition accuracy, and damage to component structures. For example, excessively tight contact between the temperature sensor and the electrode plate can cause damage to the sensor or electrode plate structure, while loose contact can result in excessive thermal resistance due to spatial gaps, reducing temperature sensing accuracy and posing significant processing and assembly challenges. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems and shortcomings of the existing technologies, this invention proposes a high-precision integrated detection device for internal temperature and current distribution of a fuel cell, a temperature correction method, and a fuel cell. Based on multilayer PCB technology, this invention can achieve efficient and accurate acquisition, detection, and correction of internal current and temperature of the fuel cell, providing reliable technical support for in-depth research on its performance and optimization of its design.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention proposes a high-precision integrated detection device for internal temperature and current distribution of a fuel cell. The integrated detection device includes a temperature-current partitioning acquisition board disposed between the current collector and the end plates of the fuel cell and / or between any two adjacent end plates inside the cell. The temperature-current partitioning acquisition board is equipped with a temperature sensor and a current sensor; wherein the temperature-current partitioning acquisition board satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0008] On the two opposite sides of the temperature-current partition acquisition board, a temperature sensor is arranged on one side and a current sensor is arranged on the other side, and each partition area divided on the corresponding side includes at least one temperature sensor or a current sensor.

[0009] On the two opposite sides of the temperature-current partition acquisition board, the temperature sensor and the current sensor are arranged on at least one side, and each partition area divided on that side includes at least one temperature sensor and one current sensor.

[0010] Preferably, the temperature sensor and the current sensor are arranged alternately on the same side of the temperature-current partition acquisition board.

[0011] Preferably, the electrode plate is provided with mounting and detection holes that match the temperature sensor and / or current sensor. The detection end of the sensor is located in the corresponding mounting and detection hole, and the gap between the temperature sensor and the mounting and detection hole is filled with thermally conductive adhesive, while the gap between the current sensor and the mounting and detection hole is filled with insulating adhesive. The temperature-current partition acquisition board and the electrode plate are bonded together with conductive adhesive.

[0012] Preferably, the current collector has mounting and detection holes that match the temperature sensor and / or current sensor. The detection end of the sensor is located in the corresponding mounting and detection hole, and the gap between the temperature sensor and the mounting and detection hole is filled with thermally conductive adhesive, while the gap between the current sensor and the mounting and detection hole is filled with insulating adhesive. The temperature-current partition acquisition board and the current collector are bonded together with conductive adhesive.

[0013] Preferably, the temperature-current zoning acquisition board is disposed between the cathode current collector and the cathode plate at the end and / or between the anode current collector and the anode plate at the end.

[0014] Preferably, the electrode plate is provided with a metal via for conducting current.

[0015] Preferably, the temperature-current partition acquisition board is a PCB board with a multi-layer structure.

[0016] Preferably, the output pins of the temperature sensor and the current sensor are connected to the PCB board, and the PCB board is connected to the signal processing module.

[0017] Secondly, the present invention also proposes a temperature correction method, which is used to correct the temperature data of the above-mentioned integrated temperature and current distribution detection device, and includes the following steps:

[0018] Step S1. Obtain data from the temperature-current partition acquisition board. i Temperature data collected by temperature sensors in each zone area and temperature Convert to absolute temperature; where, For the first i Temperature data collected by temperature sensors in each zone area For the first i The voltage across the temperature sensor in each zone;

[0019] Step S2. Based on the known system power supply voltage Each set of temperature data collected will be compared with... Perform a linear transformation to obtain i Coordinate points used for linear regression The calculation method is as follows:

[0020] ;

[0021] ;

[0022] Step S3. Linear regression is performed on the obtained i coordinate points to obtain the slope and intercept of the best fitting straight line, and finally the B parameter after accurate calibration and the linear equation are obtained, and the calculation method is as follows:

[0023] ;

[0024] ;

[0025] wherein, is the arithmetic mean of the ordinate of the i coordinate points; is the arithmetic mean of the abscissa of the i coordinate points;

[0026] Step S4. According to the real-time voltage in the partition area, the temperature in the partition area is inversely solved in the following way:

[0027] First, the intermediate variable is calculated

[0028] ;

[0029] Then, the intermediate variable is inversely solved by the linear equation obtained by calibration:

[0030] ;

[0031] Finally, the accurate absolute temperature in the partition area is calculated according to the intermediate variable , and the calculation method is as follows:

[0032] .

[0033] In a third aspect, based on the same inventive concept, the present application further provides a fuel cell, which comprises the high-precision fuel cell internal current and temperature distribution integrated detection device described above, wherein the temperature-current partition collection plate, the current collecting plate, the end plate and / or the two adjacent plates in the fuel cell are integrated into an integrated assembly, and then the membrane electrode unit, the end plate and the fastener are assembled to form the fuel cell.

[0034] Advantages of the present application:

[0035] 1、The temperature-current partition collection plate made of multi-layer PCB integrates temperature sensors and current sensors on the same substrate and is accurately positioned through the pre-set mounting detection hole of the polar plate / current collector without damaging the membrane electrode or flow channel structure. At the same time, the partition collection plate and the polar plate / current collector are bonded with conductive adhesive, and the gap between the sensor and the mounting hole is filled with heat-conducting glue (for temperature sensors) or insulating glue (for current sensors), which not only ensures the temperature and current conduction efficiency, but also avoids structural damage caused by excessive contact of components. The integrated design of the present application can avoid damage to the battery structure and protect the performance of the stack.

[0036] 2、The present application designs three kinds of sensor layout schemes, including double-sided independent layout, same-side double-sensor staggered layout and double-sided double-sensor staggered layout, for different fuel cell types and detection needs. The above multi-scene sensor layout can well balance the resolution and application flexibility of temperature and current detection.

[0037] 3、The temperature and current integrated detection device of the present application can be flexibly deployed between the current collector and the end polar plate and / or between adjacent polar plates. Whether it is a single fuel cell or a multi-section stacked stack, it can be quickly adapted through the modular combination of polar plate+partition collection plate+polar plate or current collector+partition collection plate. At the same time, the partition collection plate is connected to the external signal processing module through PCB wiring, supporting multi-channel data synchronous transmission. There is no need to redesign the detection circuit for different stack models, and the adaptation cost is significantly lower than the traditional customized solution.

[0038] 4、In the prior art, temperature and current detection are independent of each other, and it is difficult to analyze the correlation between current distribution and temperature distribution. The present application can capture the dynamic correlation of current and temperature in real time through synchronous collection of temperature and current in the same partition area, providing a direct basis for stack control strategy, which can significantly prolong the service life of the stack and reduce the failure rate.

[0039] 5、The existing thermistor detection is easily affected by "manufacturing tolerance, welding stress, thermal resistance of thermal conductive glue layer", etc., resulting in a temperature measurement error of ±5℃. The temperature correction method of the present application constructs a correction model independent of system resistance, isolates system resistance interference and synchronously compensates for multiple error sources such as manufacturing, assembly and thermal resistance through linearization transformation and least squares regression, so that the error source is fully controlled, laying a foundation for high-precision detection.

[0040] 6、The temperature-current partition acquisition plate of the application adopts mature PCB manufacturing process, the sensor has high integration (can be batch welded), and the manufacturing cost is low; and the sensor selects a thermosensitive sensor covering the interval of -30 DEG C~90 DEG C, can meet the detection requirement of full working condition such as fuel cell low temperature starting (-30~0 DEG C), normal operation (60~80 DEG C) and the like, has strong stability (no performance attenuation for 3000h continuous operation), has economy and engineering practicability, and is beneficial to large-scale commercial application of the fuel cell.

[0041] 7、The temperature sensor of the application is filled with heat-conducting glue between the installation detection hole, can eliminate gap thermal resistance, ensure the heat transfer efficiency between the sensor and the polar plate, and reduce the detection error.

[0042] 8、The temperature partition acquisition plate of the application adopts PCB plate material, and is connected with the polar plate through conductive adhesive, and meanwhile, the PCB plate is provided with metal via holes, so that the effective conduction of the current between the current collecting plate and the polar plate is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0043] The foregoing and subsequent specific description of the application becomes clearer when read in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0044] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the temperature-current integrated detection device of the application with the temperature sensor and the current sensor arranged on both sides independently;

[0045] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the temperature-current integrated detection device of the application with the temperature sensor and the current sensor arranged on one side staggeredly;

[0046] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the temperature-current integrated detection device of the application with the temperature sensor and the current sensor arranged on both sides and installed staggeredly on each side;

[0047] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the fuel cell of the application composed of multiple single cells stacked and with the temperature-current partition acquisition plate;

[0048] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the actual circuit model of the embodiment 4 of the application.

[0049] In the drawings:

[0050] A1, anode current collecting plate; A2, anode polar plate; A3, membrane electrode; A4, cathode polar plate; A5, heat-conducting glue; A6, temperature sensor; A7, conductive adhesive; A8, temperature-current partition acquisition plate; A9, insulating glue; A10, cathode current collecting plate; A11, current sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the technical solution in the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution for achieving the purpose of the present application will be further illustrated by several specific embodiments below. It should be noted that the technical solution claimed by the present application includes but is not limited to the following embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0052] Embodiments of the present application provide a high-precision fuel cell internal temperature and current distribution integrated detection device, a temperature correction method and a fuel cell. The present application will be explained and described in more detail in combination with specific embodiments.

[0053] Embodiment 1

[0054] The present embodiment discloses a high-precision fuel cell internal temperature and current distribution integrated detection device. Firstly, it should be noted that the fuel cell can only contain a single cell or contain a stack formed by stacking multiple single cells. During the operation of the fuel cell, hydrogen and oxygen enter the anode and cathode of the cell through the hydrogen flow channel and the air flow channel, respectively. Hydrogen first reaches the gas distribution layer, then enters the catalyst layer, and then enters the proton exchange membrane through the catalyst layer. Hydrogen ions can pass through the proton exchange membrane from the anode to the cathode, while electrons cannot pass directly through the external circuit. When the electrons flow in the external circuit, an electric current is generated. After the power generation, the electrons return to the catalyst and recombine with the protons passing through the exchange membrane to form hydrogen gas. Oxygen and hydrogen combine to form water.

[0055] During the above operation, due to the temperature difference between each region inside the cell, a local hot spot may be generated at a certain part, which can cause damage to the performance and service life of the cell. In addition, the uneven distribution of current in the active reaction area can lead to a decrease in the utilization rate of reactants and electrocatalysts. On the one hand, it can greatly reduce the efficiency of the cell, and on the other hand, it can also accelerate the aging of the cell and seriously shorten its service life. Therefore, by simultaneously monitoring the internal current and temperature of the cell, the correlation between the current distribution and the temperature distribution can be explored, which can provide an important basis for the control strategy of the fuel cell system, thereby ensuring the efficient and stable operation of the system.

[0056] Based on this, the embodiment proposes a high-precision fuel cell internal temperature and current distribution integrated detection device. The integrated detection device comprises a temperature-current partition collection plate A8 arranged between the current collector plate and the end plate of the fuel cell and / or between any two adjacent plates inside the cell, wherein the temperature-current partition collection plate A8 is provided with a temperature sensor A6 and a current sensor A11; wherein the temperature sensor A6 and the current sensor A11 arranged and installed on the temperature-current partition collection plate A8 at least meet one of the following conditions:

[0057] As shown in Figure 1 , the temperature-current partition collection plate A8 has two opposite sides, one side is provided with the temperature sensor A6, and each partition area divided on this side includes at least one temperature sensor A6; the other side of the partition collection plate is provided with the current sensor A11, and each partition area divided on this side includes at least one current sensor A11.

[0058] As shown in Figure 2 , the temperature-current partition collection plate A8 is provided with the temperature sensor A6 and the current sensor A11 on one side, and each partition area divided on this side includes at least one temperature sensor A6 and one current sensor A11.

[0059] As shown in Figure 3 , the temperature-current partition collection plate A8 has two opposite sides, each side is provided with the temperature sensor A6 and the current sensor A11, and each partition area divided on each side includes at least one temperature sensor A6 and one current sensor A11.

[0060] It should be noted that the above-mentioned side is the side opposite to the reaction area of the plate in the fuel cell. And the partition area divided on the partition collection plate is also divided based on the reaction area inside the fuel cell, and the number of areas on each side is not particularly limited, but the number, size and position of the partition areas divided on both sides are the same. The size of the partition area needs to meet the installation of the sensor.

[0061] Further, the position of the temperature sensor A6 and the current sensor A11 in the partition area is that the temperature sensor A6 is usually located at the center of the partition area, and the current sensor A11 is generally not particularly limited.

[0062] In general, in the integrated detection device of the present application, the test points of current and temperature are distributed in a matrix. Each temperature test point is provided with an independent temperature sensor A6.

[0063] It can be understood that for the fuel cell containing only one single cell, the temperature-current partition collection plate A8 only exists at the end. However, for the fuel cell composed of multiple single cells, the temperature-current partition collection plate A8 can be arranged only between any two adjacent internal plates, or arranged between any two adjacent internal plates and between the current collector plate and the end plate. In other words, for the fuel cell composed of multiple cells, the integrated assembly of "plate + temperature-current partition collection plate A8 + plate" can be replicated, and the replicated integrated assembly and the membrane electrode unit containing the membrane electrode A3 are stacked in turn and alternately connected in series, and then combined with the end integrated component formed by "plate + temperature-current partition collection plate A8 + current collector plate", to finally form a fuel cell with temperature and current integrated detection device.

[0064] That is to say, the present application does not limit the number of temperature-current partition collection plates A8 arranged, and is not limited to one or two, but can be arranged according to actual needs.

[0065] Therefore, for the temperature-current partition collection plate A8 arranged between the internal adjacent plates and the current collector plate and the end plate, since the current collector plate is located at the outermost side of the fuel cell and directly contacts the outside, the influence of the external environment temperature on the fuel cell can be explored and known.

[0066] However, for the temperature-current partition collection plate A8 arranged between the internal adjacent plates and the current collector plate and the end plate, Figure 1 As shown in the layout of the temperature sensor A6 and the current sensor A11 on the temperature-current partition collection plate A8, since the temperature sensor A6 and the current sensor A11 are respectively and independently installed on the opposite sides of the partition collection plate, if only one temperature-current partition collection plate A8 is provided in the entire fuel cell, and the fuel cell contains only one single cell, the following relationship needs to be met: that is, the temperature sensor A6 is usually installed on the side of the temperature-current partition collection plate A8 close to the end plate of the cell, and the current sensor A11 is installed on the side close to the current collector plate, so as to ensure that the temperature change in the cell is detected. For the current detection, since the fuel cell is in series connection, the current is consistent in the direction perpendicular to the membrane electrode A3, and the current is different in the direction parallel to the membrane electrode A3, so the current in each partition area on one partition collection plate is different.

[0067] Further, for the temperature-current partition collection plate A8 arranged between the internal adjacent plates and the current collector plate and the end plate, Figure 2The temperature-current partition acquisition plate A8 is shown to have temperature sensor A6 and current sensor A11 installed on one side of the partition acquisition plate. If the fuel cell has only one temperature-current partition acquisition plate A8 and only one single cell, the temperature sensor A6 and current sensor A11 are usually installed on the side of the temperature-current partition acquisition plate A8 close to the end plate of the cell, so that the temperature change inside the cell can be detected.

[0068] In the embodiment described in the present application, the temperature-current partition acquisition plate A8 is a printed circuit board with multi-layer structure (i.e. multi-layer PCB board). The PCB board has signal terminals on the part outside the cell stack, through which the signals are exported to the host computer system. Since the sensors are to be welded on the surface of the PCB board, the polar plate and the current collector plate of the cell need to be drilled at the positions corresponding to the sensor mounting points (i.e. the mounting detection holes are formed at the positions corresponding to the sensors on the polar plate and the current collector plate, the size of the mounting detection holes is adapted to the size of the corresponding sensors, and the detection end of the sensor is fitted into the corresponding mounting detection hole). The output pins of the temperature sensor A6 and the current sensor A11 are connected to the internal wiring of the PCB board, and finally connected to the signal processing module of the external host computer system through the signal terminals of the PCB board.

[0069] Further, in order to ensure the accuracy of temperature measurement, the temperature sensor A6 needs to be bonded with the polar plate and / or the current collector plate of the cell using heat-conducting adhesive A5 (i.e. the gap between the temperature sensor A6 and the opening cavity on the polar plate and / or the current collector plate is filled with heat-conducting adhesive A5), so as to ensure the effectiveness of heat transfer. Correspondingly, the current sensor A11 needs to be bonded with the current collector plate and / or the polar plate using insulating adhesive A9 (i.e. the gap between the current sensor A11 and the opening cavity on the polar plate and / or the current collector plate is filled with insulating adhesive A9), so as to achieve the necessary electrical isolation. At the same time, the connection between the PCB board and other parts can be bonded using conductive adhesive A7, such as the bonding with the polar plate, the current collector plate, etc.

[0070] It can be understood that the array formed by the distribution of each sensor matrix on the temperature-current partition acquisition plate A8 is matched (in terms of quantity and position) with the array of mounting detection holes formed by the openings on the corresponding polar plate or current collector plate, so that the sensor is fitted into the corresponding mounting detection hole.

[0071] For the temperature-current partition acquisition plate A8, the temperature sensor A6 and the current sensor A11 are arranged in a matrix form on the surface of the temperature-current partition acquisition plate A8, and the temperature sensor A6 and the current sensor A11 are arranged in a matrix form on the surface of the temperature-current partition acquisition plate A8. Figure 1The temperature sensor A6 and the current sensor A11 are arranged as shown. The advantage of this installation layout is that the current distribution inside the battery and the temperature distribution of different partition areas on the polar plate can be detected simultaneously, and the spatial resolution of temperature detection and current detection is high, the detection result is more accurate, and the analysis of the internal temperature and current change of the fuel cell is facilitated. However, the process cost is that the polar plate and the current collecting plate of the battery need to be precisely drilled at the same time, resulting in increased manufacturing cost.

[0072] For Figure 2 The temperature sensor A6 and the current sensor A11 are arranged as shown. The current sensor A11 and the temperature sensor A6 are connected to the same side of the PCB plate close to the polar plate of the battery. The main advantage of this layout is that only one side of the polar plate or the current collecting plate needs to be drilled, and the other side of the plate does not need to be processed. However, the design of placing the two sensors on the same side of the PCB plate has certain limitations: compared with Figure 1 the scheme, the number of temperature sensors A6 and current sensors A11 is reduced, which will reduce the spatial resolution of current detection and temperature detection (the resolution is related to the number of sensors). Therefore, this scheme is more suitable for applications that do not require high detection resolution and are cost sensitive.

[0073] For Figure 3 The temperature sensor A6 and the current sensor A11 are arranged as shown. The current sensor A11 and the temperature sensor A6 are arranged on both sides of the PCB plate (both sides of the PCB plate contain the current sensor A11 and the temperature sensor A6, and the current sensor A11 and the temperature sensor A6 are arranged alternately on each side). This design can simultaneously collect temperature information and current information on both sides of the temperature-current partition collection plate A8. Although this staggered layout maintains Figure 1 the current detection resolution, but because the temperature sensor A6 is arranged on both sides of the PCB plate, the density of the temperature detection points on a single plane is relatively reduced, so the resolution of the temperature detection is correspondingly reduced.

[0074] The temperature sensor A6 used in the present application is usually a thermal sensor, and the resistance value has a certain sensitive interval with temperature change. This interval should cover the main temperature interval that the fuel cell may experience: -30℃~90℃, covering the detection needs of low-temperature start (-30~0℃), normal start to hot engine state (20~80℃), and rated working condition (60~80℃) and the like.

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that since the contact surface between the temperature-current partition acquisition board A8 and the electrode plate needs to have the function of current collection and be able to conduct to the outer metal current collector, a metal via is provided on the temperature-current partition acquisition board A8 to conduct to the other side.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] This embodiment discloses a fuel cell, which includes a single cell sandwiched between two endplate assemblies on the left and right sides, forming a fuel cell. The single cell consists of an anode plate A2, a cathode plate A4, and a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) sandwiched between the anode plate A2 and the cathode plate A4. The MEA typically consists of a membrane electrode A3 (i.e., a proton exchange membrane) and anode and cathode catalysts distributed on both sides of the MEA. The endplate assembly at the cathode end includes a cathode end plate, a cathode insulating plate, and a cathode current collector A10 arranged sequentially, while the endplate assembly at the anode end includes an anode end plate, an anode insulating plate, and an anode current collector A1 arranged sequentially. The two endplates on both sides are connected and fastened using screws and nuts, and finally pressed together with the single cell inside to form the fuel cell.

[0078] The integrated current and temperature distribution detection device described in Example 1 is provided between the cathode current collector A10 and the cathode plate A4, and / or between the anode current collector A1 and the anode plate A2. The arrangement and installation of the temperature sensor A6 and the current sensor A11 on the temperature-current zone acquisition board A8 can be referred to... Figures 1-3 Any one of them.

[0079] Furthermore, for a single-cell fuel cell, the temperature-current partition acquisition board A8 is assembled with the current collector and electrode plate on the corresponding side to form an integrated component, which is then stacked in series with the membrane electrode unit located in the middle. Finally, the two end plates on both sides are fastened together by screws and nuts to form a fuel cell.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] This embodiment discloses a fuel cell, such as Figure 4 As shown, the fuel cell internally comprises a stack of multiple individual cells connected end-to-end in series. The stack is sandwiched between two endplate assemblies. Two current collectors in the endplate assemblies are stacked with the end plates of the two individual cells located at the beginning and end of the stack, respectively. The current collector at the anode end of the fuel cell is the anode current collector A1, and the current collector at the cathode end is the cathode current collector A10. The two endplates on both sides can be connected and secured with screws and nuts, and finally pressed together with the internal stack to form the fuel cell.

[0082] The fuel cell formed by stacking the plurality of single cells, wherein the current and temperature integrated detection device of embodiment 1 is arranged between the cathode current collector A10 and the end cathode plate A4, and / or between the anode current collector A1 and the end anode plate A2, and / or between any two adjacent plates inside the cell. For the arrangement and installation of the temperature sensor A6 and the current sensor A11 on the temperature and current partition collection plate A8, please refer to Figures 1-3 Any one of them.

[0083] Further, for the case of a plurality of single cells, the temperature and current partition collection plate and the adjacent two plates inside the cell form an integrated assembly (in the form of plate + temperature and current partition collection plate A8 + plate), and a plurality of membrane electrode units are sequentially and alternately stacked to form the stack, and the two sides of the stack are combined with the end integrated components formed by the plate + temperature and current partition collection plate A8 + current collector, to finally form a fuel cell with temperature and current integrated detection device.

[0084] Embodiment 4

[0085] In order to ensure that the current and temperature integrated detection device proposed in the present application meets the requirement of high-precision temperature measurement, and eliminate the individual measurement errors introduced by the temperature sensor A6 (such as NTC thermistor) due to its own manufacturing tolerance, PCB welding stress, and thermal conductive adhesive layer between the plates and other factors. This embodiment discloses a temperature correction method for correcting the data of the temperature sensor A6 in the sensor array layout of the current and temperature integrated detection device of embodiment 1. The specific method is as follows:

[0086] Step 1: Establish a new measurement system model

[0087] The actual circuit model is as follows: a stable DC power supply voltage powers a series circuit composed of an unknown system resistance and a thermistor , as shown in Figure 5 . The voltage to be measured by the present application is the voltage across the thermistor (in the present application, it is the voltage across the temperature sensor).

[0088] According to the voltage division principle (the resistance values of the DC power supply voltage , the system resistance and the thermistor are brought into the following formula):

[0089] ;

[0090] In this model, the DC power supply voltage It is known and stable throughout the calibration and subsequent measurement process.

[0091] Second step: Derivation of linearization equation

[0092] The goal is to separate the term related to from the above equation and substitute it into the linearization equation of the thermistor. The specific process is as follows:

[0093] (1) Transform the voltage division formula to get the following proportional relationship:

[0094] ;

[0095] ;

[0096] ;

[0097] (2) Take the natural logarithm of both sides of the above equation:

[0098] ;

[0099] ;

[0100] From this, we can get:

[0101] ;

[0102] (3) Characteristic equation of linearized thermistor

[0103] The resistance value of the thermistor is related to the absolute temperature T (in units of Kelvin K). Due to system assembly and circuit errors, the B parameters of different partitions are not the same. In order to achieve high-precision measurement, B parameter correction is required:

[0104] ;

[0105] Where, is the resistance value of the thermistor at the reference temperature , and B is the B parameter to be calibrated.

[0106] In order to perform linear fitting, we perform mathematical transformations on the above equation. First, take the natural logarithm of both sides:

[0107] ;

[0108] ;

[0109] ;

[0110] After the arrangement, we get:

[0111] ;

[0112] (4) Substitute the derived linear equation of the thermistor into the linear equation of the thermistor , we get:

[0113] ;

[0114] (5) Finally, the final linear equation is arranged in the form of :

[0115] ;

[0116] Finally, a linear equation independent of the accurate system resistance can be constructed:

[0117] ;

[0118] ;

[0119] Slope , intercept .

[0120] Third step: execute the revised calibration process

[0121] (1) Data acquisition

[0122] Obtain the temperature data pair collected by the temperature sensor in the i th partition area on the temperature-current partition collection board A8 in the fuel cell stack , and convert the temperature to absolute temperature; wherein is the temperature data collected by the temperature sensor A6 in the i th partition area, is the voltage across the temperature sensor A6 in the i th partition area.

[0123] (2) Data processing

[0124] For each set of collected data pairs , according to the known system power voltage , linear transformation is performed to calculate the coordinate points for linear regression , and the calculation method is as follows:

[0125] ;

[0126] ;

[0127] (3) Calculation of B parameters (linear regression):

[0128] The calculation obtained in step (2) i A new coordinate point Linear regression is performed using the least squares method to calculate the slope of the best-fit line. and intercept The slope This refers to the precisely calibrated B parameter. The calculation method is as follows:

[0129] ;

[0130] ;

[0131] in, for i The arithmetic mean of the ordinates of each coordinate point; for i The arithmetic mean of the x-coordinates of each coordinate point;

[0132] (4) Application

[0133] For each thermistor, we need to store two calibration parameters: the calculated value of the B parameter and the intercept obtained from linear regression. In actual operation, when the real-time voltage of a certain zone on the temperature-current zone acquisition board A8 is measured... Then, the actual temperature is obtained by reversing the steps below:

[0134] First, calculate the intermediate variables. ;

[0135] Then, the linear equations obtained through calibration are used. Inverse solution to obtain intermediate variables : ;

[0136] Finally, we can base our decisions on intermediate variables. or intermediate variables Calculate the precise absolute temperature within this zone. : .

[0137] In this invention, the integrated current and temperature distribution detection device is equipped with a data acquisition module. The data exported from the PCB board is amplified and conditioned by a multi-channel precision conditioning module to form an acquireable signal.

[0138] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0139] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "set", "mount", "connect" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0140] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any form. Any simple modification or equivalent change made on the basis of the technical essence of the present application to the above embodiments falls within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A temperature correction method characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: Step S1. Obtain temperature-current zone data from the acquisition board (A8). i Temperature data collected by temperature sensors (A6) in each zone area and temperature Convert to absolute temperature; where, For the first i Temperature data collected by temperature sensors (A6) within each zone area. For the first i The voltage across the temperature sensor (A6) in each zone area; Step S2. Linearly transforming the collected temperature data pairs according to the power supply voltage of the system Step S3. Calculating the linear regression equation of the transformed temperature data pairs i Step S4. Calculating the temperature of the system according to the linear regression equation Step S5. Repeating steps S1-S4 ； ； Step S3. Linear regression is performed on the obtained i coordinate points to obtain the slope and intercept of the best fitting straight line, and finally the B value after accurate calibration and the linear equation are obtained, which are calculated as follows: ； ； Step S4. The real-time voltage in the partitioned area is determined according to the partitioned area The temperature in the partitioned area is inversely solved in the following way: First, the intermediate variable is calculated ； Then the intermediate variable is obtained by back-solving the linear equation obtained by calibration : ； Finally, the absolute temperature in the partition region is calculated or the precise partition region absolute temperature is calculated as follows: ； The temperature correction method is used for correcting temperature data of a high-precision fuel cell internal temperature and current distribution integrated detection device, and the high-precision fuel cell internal temperature and current distribution integrated detection device comprises a temperature-current partition collection plate (A8) arranged between a current collecting plate and an end plate of a fuel cell and / or between any two adjacent plates in the fuel cell, wherein the temperature-current partition collection plate (A8) is provided with a temperature sensor (A6) and a current sensor (A11).

2. The temperature correction method of claim 1, wherein, The temperature-current partition collection plate (A8) at least meets one of the following conditions: On opposite sides of the temperature-current partition collection plate (A8), the temperature sensor (A6) is arranged on one side and the current sensor (A11) is arranged on the other side, and at least one temperature sensor (A6) or current sensor (A11) is arranged in each partition area divided on the corresponding side; On opposite sides of the temperature-current partition collection plate (A8), at least one of the temperature sensor and the current sensor is arranged on the side, and at least one temperature sensor and current sensor are arranged in each partition area divided on the side.

3. The temperature correction method of claim 2, wherein, The temperature sensor (A6) and the current sensor (A11) are arranged on the same side of the temperature-current partition collection plate (A8) in a staggered manner.

4. The temperature correction method of claim 2, wherein, Corresponding mounting detection holes matched with the temperature sensor (A6) and / or the current sensor (A11) are arranged on the plate, the detection end of the sensor is located in the corresponding mounting detection hole, the gap between the temperature sensor (A6) and the mounting detection hole is filled with heat-conducting glue (A5), and the gap between the current sensor (A11) and the mounting detection hole is filled with insulating glue (A9); and the temperature-current partition collection plate (A8) and the plate are connected through conductive adhesive glue (A7).

5. The temperature correction method of claim 2, wherein, Corresponding mounting detection holes matched with the temperature sensor (A6) and / or the current sensor (A11) are arranged on the current collecting plate, the detection end of the sensor is located in the corresponding mounting detection hole, the gap between the temperature sensor (A6) and the mounting detection hole is filled with heat-conducting glue (A5), and the gap between the current sensor (A11) and the mounting detection hole is filled with insulating glue (A9); and the temperature-current partition collection plate (A8) and the current collecting plate are connected through conductive adhesive glue (A7).

6. The temperature correction method of claim 2, wherein, The temperature-current partition collection plate (A8) is arranged between a cathode current collecting plate (A10) and a cathode plate (A4) at an end of the fuel cell and / or between an anode current collecting plate (A1) and an anode plate (A2) at an end of the fuel cell.

7. The temperature correction method of claim 2, wherein, A metal via hole for conducting current is arranged on the plate.

8. The temperature correction method of claim 2, wherein, The temperature-current partition collection plate (A8) is a PCB plate with a multilayer structure.

9. The temperature correction method of claim 8, wherein, Output pins of the temperature sensor (A6) and the current sensor (A11) are connected to the PCB plate, and the PCB plate is connected to a signal processing module.

10. A fuel cell characterized by comprising: The temperature correction method according to any one of claims 1-9 is used to correct the temperature inside the fuel cell, wherein the temperature-current partition collection plate (A8) is integrated with the current collector plate, the end plate and / or the two adjacent plates inside the battery to form an integrated assembly, and then the membrane electrode unit, the end plate and the fastener are assembled to form the fuel cell.

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