A shell part hole parameter integrated measuring tool and method

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of aero-engine manufacturing, and discloses a kind of shell class part hole parameter integrated measuring tool and method, angle measuring device is fixed angle block by two symmetrical protractor and support rod, angle block is provided with center through hole for measuring rod sliding insertion, and its through end and end are used for hole depth detection;Calibrator uses calibration block groove and increases and decreases calibration shim to adjust height, so that the angle of measuring rod is consistent with the hole to be measured.Using this measuring tool can greatly improve the accuracy and reliability of hole depth and angle measurement, simplify the operation process, reduce the workload of measurement personnel, improve overall efficiency, at the same time meet the requirements of inspection specification, ensure that the measurement data is recognized, so as to effectively solve the problems of large error and low efficiency, improve the pass rate of shell parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aero-engine manufacturing, specifically to the field of measurement technology for shell-type parts, and particularly relates to an integrated measurement tool and method for hole parameters of shell-type parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of aero-engine manufacturing, casing-type parts are widely used, and they generally have oil passage holes. These oil passage holes are not only numerous but also vary in size, placing high demands on measurement accuracy and efficiency. Currently, two common methods are used to measure hole depth: one is to measure directly with vernier calipers, and the other is to use a mandrel in conjunction with vernier calipers. Hole diameter measurement generally uses vernier calipers in conjunction with a mandrel, while the angle of inclined holes is usually measured using a coordinate measuring machine.

[0003] However, existing measurement methods have many problems and shortcomings. When directly using vernier calipers to measure hole depth, the bottom of most housing holes has a 118° drill tip, rather than a flat bottom, making it impossible for the calipers to accurately measure the hole depth. This results in significant errors in the hole depth measurements for housing parts, sometimes failing to meet design requirements and leading to a low pass rate for these parts. Using a mandrel in conjunction with vernier calipers to measure hole depth involves placing a mandrel of the same specifications into the hole, measuring the length of the exposed portion of the mandrel with the vernier calipers, and then subtracting the total length of the mandrel to obtain the hole depth. However, since the mandrel is not a measuring tool, it does not comply with measurement regulations, and the measured data is not accepted for inspection. Similarly, when using vernier calipers in conjunction with a mandrel to measure hole diameter, the vernier calipers can only measure the hole opening; the remaining portion relies on the mandrel for measurement. Again, because the mandrel is not a measuring tool, it does not comply with measurement regulations, and the data is not accepted for inspection. When measuring the angle of an inclined hole using a coordinate measuring machine, due to the large number of holes on the housing, the metrologists need to first understand the drawings and measurement sheets to find the relevant dimensions before measuring. This results in a large workload and low measurement efficiency for the metrologists. Furthermore, the measurement requires inserting a mandrel or drill bit into the corresponding hole for indirect measurement. When the clearance between the mandrel or drill bit and the hole is large, the measurement error will be significant, making accurate measurement impossible.

[0004] It is evident that existing methods for measuring oil passage holes in housing-type parts suffer from technical problems such as large measurement errors, data not being verified and accepted, and low metrological efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an integrated measurement tool and method for hole parameters of housing-type parts. Using this measurement tool and method, the problems of large measurement errors, unacceptable data, and low measurement efficiency of oil passage holes in housing-type parts can be effectively solved.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical content: An integrated measuring tool for hole parameters of housing-type parts includes: a measuring rod, an angle measuring device, and a calibrator; The angle measuring device includes two symmetrically arranged protractors, which are connected at their bottoms by a support rod. An angle block is movably connected between the tops of the two protractors, the angle block being used to engage with the protractors to indicate angles; The angle block has a central through hole, and the vertical axis of the central through hole is parallel to the indicator line of the angle block. The measuring rod is inserted into the central through hole and can slide up and down along the central through hole; The measuring rod is provided with a through end and a stop end; The calibrator includes a calibration block and a calibration pad; The calibration block has multiple grooves arranged in a continuous pattern; each groove can hold a calibration pad. When the calibrator is used in conjunction with an angle measuring device with a measuring rod inserted, the protractor is located on the calibration block, and the bottom of the measuring rod is set in parallel with the last placed calibration pad; the measuring rod is calibrated to the angle of the hole to be measured by increasing or decreasing the number of calibration pads.

[0007] Furthermore, connection holes are provided at the bottom corners of the two protractors respectively. After the support rod passes through the connection holes of the two protractors respectively, the two ends are fixed by snap rings.

[0008] Furthermore, the protractor has a groove along the arc direction, the upper part of the angle block is slidably disposed in the groove by a screw, and the lower part is connected to the center hole of the protractor by a pin. The screw passes through the groove and is threaded into the angle block.

[0009] Furthermore, a bushing is provided on the top surface of the angle block; The bushing has an insertion hole that is connected to the central through hole of the angle block to insert a measuring rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the through end of the measuring rod is provided with a depth scale, with each division being 0.5mm; the diameter of the measuring rod ranges from 1 to 10mm, with each 0.2mm group within the range of 1 to 3mm, and each 0.5mm group within the range of 3 to 10mm.

[0011] Furthermore, an indicator line is provided on the side of the angle block to indicate the angle; The protractor has three levels of scale markings: the first level is 15° per division, the second level is 5° per division, and the third level is 1° per division.

[0012] Furthermore, limiting plates are provided on both sides of the calibration block. When the angle measuring device is used in conjunction with the calibrator, the two sides of the protractor are in contact with the corresponding limiting plates.

[0013] A method for measuring hole parameters of housing-type parts, based on the aforementioned integrated measurement tool for hole parameters of housing-type parts, includes: Aperture measurement process: Select the corresponding measuring rod according to the estimated diameter of the hole to be measured, and insert the measuring rod into the hole to be measured so that the through end is completely down until the stop end can not be down, so as to obtain the actual diameter of the hole to be measured. The process of measuring the angle of the inclined hole: Insert the measuring rod into the angle measuring device, place the angle measuring device on the housing reference surface, extend the measuring rod into the hole to be measured, and take the scale indicated by the angle block as the angle of the inclined hole. The process of measuring the depth of an inclined hole: Insert the measuring rod into the angle measuring device and use a calibrator to perform calibration measurement to obtain the first measurement result; place the angle measuring device with the measuring rod on the housing reference surface, extend the measuring rod into the hole to be measured, and insert it to the bottom of the hole to obtain the second measurement result; calculate the depth of the inclined hole based on the first measurement result and the second measurement result.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes: Straight hole depth measurement process: Insert the measuring rod into the bottom of the hole to be measured, and take the reading indicated by the measuring rod as the depth of the straight hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the process of measuring the depth of the inclined hole specifically includes: Insert the measuring rod into the angle measuring device and place the angle measuring device on the calibrator; Gradually add calibration shims into the groove of the calibration block until the current measuring rod is calibrated to the angle of the hole to be measured, and read the first reading L1 as the first measurement result; Keeping the current angle of the measuring rod unchanged, place the angle measuring device with the measuring rod on the reference surface of the housing, insert the measuring rod into the hole to be measured, insert it to the bottom of the hole, and read the second reading L2 as the second measurement result; The depth L of the inclined hole is calculated based on the first reading L1 and the second reading L2, using the following formula: L = L2 - L1.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides an integrated measuring tool for hole parameters of housing parts. An angle measuring device uses two symmetrical protractors and a support rod to fix an angle block. The angle block has a central through hole for the sliding insertion of a measuring rod, with its through and stop ends used for hole depth detection. A calibrator adjusts the height using a groove in the calibration block and by adding or removing calibration shims, ensuring the measuring rod angle matches the hole to be measured. The measuring rod is directly inserted into the hole, and the through end accurately measures the hole depth, avoiding errors caused by uneven hole bottoms. The angle measuring device, in conjunction with the angle block, directly reads the angle of the inclined hole, eliminating the need for a mandrel or drill bit. During calibration, the height of the shims is adjusted to ensure the measuring rod axis is parallel to the hole. The calibrator accurately simulates and sets the reference height of the measuring rod at the target angle, and then measures the actual height at which the measuring rod touches the bottom of the hole at that angle. This measuring tool significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of hole depth and angle measurements, simplifies the operation process, reduces the workload of metrology personnel, and improves overall efficiency. It also meets inspection specifications, ensuring the acceptance of measurement data, thus effectively solving problems such as large errors and low efficiency, and improving the pass rate of housing parts.

[0017] Preferably, in this invention, the fixed connection between the support rod and the snap ring ensures the stability and reliability of the support structure between the two protractors, preventing the protractors from shifting or loosening during the measurement process, thereby ensuring the stability of the angle measurement base and improving the accuracy and repeatability of the overall angle measurement results.

[0018] Preferably, in this invention, the movable connection structure of the slide and the pin allows the angle block to slide along the arc of the protractor to match different angles of the inclined holes, and to rotate around the pin to automatically keep its central through hole axis perpendicular to the measuring rod. This ensures the smoothness and coaxiality of the measuring rod sliding within the angle block, which is a key structural guarantee for achieving accurate angle and depth measurements.

[0019] Preferably, in this invention, a bushing structure is added, the insertion hole of which provides a wear-resistant and guiding channel for the measuring rod, effectively reducing the wear caused by the frequent sliding of the measuring rod in the central through hole of the angle block, and further optimizing the guiding accuracy of the measuring rod sliding, which helps to maintain the precision and service life of the measuring tool in the long term. At the same time, the bushing also serves as a measuring indicator line, facilitating the reading of the measurement depth. In addition, by replacing bushings of different sizes and matching measuring rods, it is convenient to measure holes of different sizes.

[0020] Preferably, in this invention, the measuring rod has a through end and a stop end and is finely grouped, which can directly replace the mandrel for compliant aperture determination; the precision depth scale set on its through end significantly improves the directness and resolution of depth measurement, enabling operators to conveniently and accurately read depth values ​​without complicated indirect calculations, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of aperture and depth measurement.

[0021] Preferably, in this invention, the angle block is equipped with indicator lines, which, together with the multi-level scale design on the protractor, provides a clear and intuitive angle reading interface. This graded scale design takes into account both the needs for quick coarse reading and precise fine reading, enabling operators to quickly locate and accurately read the angle value of the inclined hole according to the accuracy requirements, greatly simplifying the angle measurement process and improving efficiency.

[0022] Preferably, in this invention, limiting plates are provided on both sides of the calibration block. When the angle measuring device is placed on the calibration block, the limiting plates fit against the side of the protractor, providing precise positioning and constraint. This design ensures the positional stability and perpendicularity of the angle measuring device relative to the calibration block during calibration, preventing it from shifting or tilting, thereby improving the accuracy and consistency of the calibration operation.

[0023] This invention also provides a method for measuring hole parameters of housing-type parts. Based on the aforementioned integrated measuring tool for hole parameters of housing-type parts, this method includes the following steps: For hole diameter measurement, a measuring rod is selected based on the estimated hole diameter, and the actual hole diameter is directly determined by utilizing the characteristic that the through end fully enters the hole while the stop end is obstructed. For inclined hole angle measurement, an angle measuring device with the inserted measuring rod is placed on the housing reference surface, and the angle is directly read from the scale indicated by the angle block. For inclined hole depth measurement, the tool height is first calibrated using a calibrator shim combination to obtain a first measurement value, and then the angle measuring device with the measuring rod is placed on the reference surface and inserted into the bottom of the hole to obtain a second measurement value. The difference between the two values ​​is the depth. The through and stop end design replaces the mandrel and directly contacts the hole wall, avoiding the influence of uneven hole bottom and ensuring compliance of hole diameter measurement. The angle block cooperates with the reference surface to achieve in-situ measurement, avoiding the indirect use of a mandrel or coordinate measuring machine. For depth measurement, a reference height is established using a calibration shim, and then the difference is calculated by combining the actual measured value at the bottom of the hole, eliminating interference from the tool's own height and the shape of the hole bottom. Aperture measurement data is directly inspected and approved, the angle of the inclined hole can be quickly read in situ, the depth measurement avoids drill tip error, and no auxiliary tools are required throughout the process, which significantly improves measurement accuracy and compliance, greatly reduces the labor intensity of metrology personnel, and comprehensively solves problems such as large errors, low efficiency and invalid data.

[0024] Preferably, in this invention, the depth of a straight hole can be directly measured by inserting a graduated measuring rod into the bottom of the hole, a method that is extremely simple and intuitive. This fully utilizes the versatility of measuring tools, simplifies the measurement process for the depth of a straight hole, and requires no additional tools or complex steps.

[0025] Preferably, in this invention, a calibrator is used to accurately simulate and set the reference height of the measuring rod at the target angle, and then the actual height at which the measuring rod touches the bottom of the hole at that angle is measured. The difference between the two is the true hole depth. This method cleverly transforms the difficult-to-measure depth of an inclined hole into a calculation of the difference between two accurately measurable heights, fundamentally eliminating the systematic errors introduced by the shape of the drill tip at the bottom of the hole and the tool angle. It is a key step in solving the problem of inaccurate depth measurement. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 The following is a schematic diagram of the measuring rod structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is an overall structural diagram; (b) is a schematic diagram of the through end scale; and (c) is a schematic diagram of the stop end. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a protractor structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, (a) is a front view; and (b) is a side sectional view; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an angle block structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, (a) is a side sectional view; and (b) is a front view; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bushing structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a screw structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the snap ring structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the support rod structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the angle measuring device and measuring rod provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the calibrator assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the calibrator provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the oblique hole angle measurement provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure label: 1. Protractor; 2. Angle block; 3. Bushing; 4. Screw; 5. Snap ring; 6. Support rod; 7. Measuring rod; 8. Calibration block; 9. Angle shim. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects clearer, the following specific embodiments provide a further detailed description of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0030] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0031] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0032] As mentioned in the background section, existing methods for measuring holes in housing parts typically have the following problems: First, directly using vernier calipers to measure hole depth is problematic because most holes in housings have a 118° drill tip and are not flat-bottomed. Vernier calipers cannot accurately measure the hole depth, resulting in large errors in the hole depth measurement results for housing parts. Sometimes, this does not meet design requirements, leading to a low pass rate for housing parts.

[0033] Secondly, the hole depth was measured using a mandrel and vernier calipers. A mandrel of the same specification as the hole was placed into the hole, and the length of the protruding part of the mandrel was measured with vernier calipers. The total length of the mandrel was then subtracted to obtain the hole depth. However, since the mandrel is not a measuring tool and does not meet the measurement regulations, the measured data was not accepted during inspection.

[0034] Third, the vernier caliper was used in conjunction with a mandrel to measure the hole diameter. The vernier caliper can only measure the hole opening, while the mandrel is used to measure other parts. However, since the mandrel is not a measuring tool, it does not meet the measurement regulations, and the measured data is not accepted by the inspection.

[0035] Fourth, the angle of inclined holes is generally measured using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM). However, due to the large number of holes on the casing, metrologists need to analyze the drawings and measurement sheets to find the relevant dimensions before taking measurements. This results in a heavy workload and low measurement efficiency. Furthermore, metrologists need to insert a mandrel or drill bit into the corresponding hole for indirect measurement. When the clearance between the mandrel or drill bit and the hole is large, the measurement error is significant, making accurate measurement impossible.

[0036] To address the aforementioned issues, this embodiment provides an integrated measurement tool for hole parameters of housing-type parts, comprising three parts: a measuring rod, an angle measuring device, and a calibrator. When measuring the angle of an inclined hole, the measuring rod and angle measuring device are required in conjunction; when measuring the depth of an inclined hole, the measuring rod, angle measuring device, and calibrator are required in conjunction, enabling accurate measurement of the diameter, depth, and angle of oil passage holes in 90% of housing-type parts.

[0037] like Figure 8As shown, this embodiment provides an integrated measurement tool for hole parameters of housing-type parts, enabling integrated measurement of hole diameter, hole depth, and oblique hole angle for housing-type parts, especially oil passage holes. It features low cost, high precision, and high efficiency. This measurement tool consists of three parts: a measuring rod 7, an angle measuring device, and a calibrator. These parts work together to meet the measurement needs of different hole parameters. Specifically, when measuring the oblique hole angle, the measuring rod 7 and the angle measuring device must be used together; when measuring the oblique hole depth, the measuring rod 7, the angle measuring device, and the calibrator must all be used together; when measuring the hole diameter and straight hole depth, these components can be used individually or in combination.

[0038] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown in (a), the measuring rod 7 is a key component for realizing aperture and depth measurement, and its structural design directly affects the measurement accuracy and applicable range. Specifically, as shown in... Figure 1 As shown in (b) and (c), the measuring rod 7 has a through end and a stop end. The design of these two ends is based on the principle of limit gauges. The actual size of the hole is determined by the through end being able to fully enter the hole to be measured, while the stop end cannot enter. The through end also has a depth scale, with each division representing 0.5 mm. This allows the measuring rod 7 to directly read the specific value when measuring the hole depth without the need for additional measuring tools.

[0039] Regarding diameter specifications, the measuring rod 7 covers a diameter range of 1-10mm. To accommodate the measurement needs of different hole diameters, the diameter specifications are grouped: within the 1-3mm range, each group consists of 0.2mm sections; within the 3-10mm range, each group consists of 0.5mm sections. This grouping method ensures the precision of measurements for small-diameter holes while avoiding the problem of overly complex specifications when measuring large-diameter holes. For example, for a 1.2mm hole diameter, a 1.2mm measuring rod can be selected, with its go end able to enter smoothly, while the stop end cannot enter due to its slightly larger diameter; for a 6mm hole diameter, a 6.0mm measuring rod can be selected, and the hole diameter can be determined by the condition of the go and stop ends.

[0040] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown in (a) and (b), the angle measuring device is the core component for measuring the angle of an inclined hole. Its specific structure includes a protractor 1, an angle block 2, a bushing 3, a screw 4, a retaining ring 5, and a support rod 6. There are two protractors 1 arranged symmetrically. This symmetrical structure ensures stability and balance during measurement, reducing measurement errors caused by unilateral force. Combined with... Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the bottoms of the two protractors 1 are connected by a support rod 6. Specifically, the bottom corners of the two protractors 1 are provided with connection holes. The support rod 6 passes through the connection holes of the two protractors 1, and its two ends are fixed by retaining springs 5. The retaining springs 5 ​​effectively prevent the support rod 6 from axially moving or falling off during use, ensuring the relative position between the two protractors 1 is stable, thereby guaranteeing the stability of the angle measurement reference.

[0041] An angle block 2 is movably connected between the tops of the two protractors 1. The angle block 2 is used to cooperate with the protractors 1 to indicate angles. The movable connection between the angle block 2 and the protractors 1 is achieved through a groove and a screw 4: the protractors 1 have a groove along the arc direction, the upper part of the angle block 2 is slidably set in the groove by the screw 4, and the lower part is connected to the center hole of the protractors 1 by a pin; the screw 4 passes through the groove and is threadedly connected to the angle block 2. This connection method allows the angle block 2 to rotate around the pin as the center of rotation along the groove of the protractors 1, thereby realizing the adjustment and indication of angles. When it is necessary to adjust the position of the angle block 2, simply loosen the screw 4, rotate the angle block 2 to the desired position, and then tighten the screw 4 to fix the angle block 2. The operation is simple and the fixation is reliable.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown in (a) and (b), the angle block 2 has a central through hole, the vertical axis of which is parallel to the indicator line of the angle block 2. This design ensures that after the measuring rod 7 is inserted, its axis is consistent with the angular direction indicated by the angle block 2, thus guaranteeing the accuracy of the angle measurement. Figure 4 As shown, to improve the wear resistance of the central through hole and its guiding effect on the measuring rod 7, a bushing 3 is provided on the top surface of the angle block 2. The bushing 3 has an insertion hole that communicates with the central through hole of the angle block 2 for inserting the measuring rod 7. The bushing 3 is usually made of wear-resistant materials, such as brass or high-strength engineering plastics, which can reduce the wear of the measuring rod 7 when sliding and ensure that the measuring rod 7 slides smoothly along the axial direction, avoiding measurement errors caused by jamming.

[0043] Angle block 2 has indicator lines on its side for indicating angles; the protractor 1 has three levels of scale readings: the first level is 15° per division, the second level is 5° per division, and the third level is 1° per division. This three-level scale design allows operators to quickly and accurately read angle values, especially when precise measurements are required. The three-level scale provides a 1° accuracy reading, meeting the measurement needs of most shell-type parts for angled holes. For example, when the indicator line of angle block 2 points to the 3rd division of the first level, the 8th division of the second level, and the 3rd division of the third level, the corresponding angle value is 15°×2+5°×1+1°×3=30°+5°+3°=38°.

[0044] In this embodiment, the calibrator is used to calibrate the measuring tool when measuring the depth of the inclined hole, so as to eliminate the measurement error caused by the difference in the reference surface. It includes a calibration block 8 and a calibration pad 9. The calibration block 8 has multiple grooves arranged in a continuous manner, and each groove can hold a calibration pad 9. Limiting plates are provided on both sides of the calibration block 8. When the angle measuring instrument is used in conjunction with the calibrator, the two sides of the protractor 1 are in contact with the corresponding limiting plates. The limiting plates play a positioning and guiding role, ensuring that the angle measuring instrument is stably positioned on the calibration block 8 and avoiding calibration errors caused by positional deviation.

[0045] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the calibration shim 9 is the core component for angle adjustment, with an adjustment range of 0° to 82°. One shim is set for every 1°, meaning each calibration shim 9 corresponds to a specific angle value. By increasing or decreasing the number of calibration shims 9, precise calibration of the measuring rod 7's angle can be achieved. For example, when calibration to 30° is required, multiple calibration shims 9 need to be selected to stack the angle to 60°. The difference between 90° and 60° is then used to calibrate to 30°. The shims are placed in the groove of the calibration block 8, ensuring the bottom of the measuring rod 7 is parallel and in contact with the last placed calibration shim 9, thus calibrating the measuring rod 7 to the desired angle.

[0046] This calibrator, through its overall structural design and pre-measurement calibration mechanism, solves the problem of unacceptable errors that may occur during actual measurements. Its design principle is as follows: when the measuring tool measures hole depth, the geometric outer circle of the measuring rod's front end coincides with the geometric inner circle of the hole's bottom conical surface. The measuring rod reading is L2. This dimensional measurement process can be considered as the distance moved from one coordinate system to another within the Cartesian coordinate system of the measured part. Specifically, it involves establishing Cartesian coordinate systems with the centers of the geometric outer circle of the measuring rod's front end and the geometric inner circle of the hole's bottom conical surface as the origins, and then moving the measuring rod from coinciding with the geometric outer circle coordinate system to coinciding with the geometric inner circle coordinate system of the hole's bottom conical surface. This displacement is considered to occur only within a single plane of the measured part's coordinate system and does not occur in any plane intersecting with that plane. When the measuring tool is calibrated, the measuring rod is in full contact with the angle shim within the calibrator's limit. The reading of the measuring rod is L1. This dimensional measurement process can be regarded as the distance of displacement from one coordinate to another in the Cartesian coordinate system of the calibrator. That is, a Cartesian coordinate system is established with the intersection of the center of the geometric outer circle of the front face of the measuring rod, the plane where the measuring tool and the calibrator are in contact, and the plane where the angle shim and the front face of the measuring rod are in contact (this contact surface and the plane where the theoretical opening of the angle hole is located are the same theoretical plane) and the center line of the calibrator as the origin. The displacement of the geometric outer circle coordinate system of the front face of the measuring rod coincides with the distance moved when the plane where the measuring tool and the calibrator are in contact and the plane where the angle shim and the front face of the measuring rod are in contact coincide with the center line of the calibrator as the origin. This displacement is regarded as occurring only in the same plane of the coordinate system of the measured part (this plane is the same theoretical plane as the plane where the L2 displacement occurs), and no displacement occurs in any plane intersecting with this plane. Therefore, the hole depth dimension L = L2 - L1 at this angle. This solution theoretically eliminates the systematic error of the invention and ensures the accuracy of hole depth measurement within the measurement angle range.

[0047] The performance parameters of this measuring tool are as follows: hole diameter measurement range is 1-10mm, with a measurement accuracy of over 0.1mm; tilt angle measurement range is 8°~172°, with a measurement accuracy of over ±30′; hole depth measurement range is 0-100mm, with a measurement accuracy of over 0.5mm. These parameters can meet the measurement needs of oil passage holes in over 90% of housing-type parts, effectively replacing traditional mandrel measurement and coordinate measuring machine measurement, significantly improving measurement efficiency and accuracy.

[0048] like Figure 11 As shown, based on the above-mentioned measuring tools, this embodiment also provides a method for measuring the hole parameters of housing-type parts, the specific steps of which are as follows: The first is the aperture measurement process; Select the corresponding measuring rod 7 based on the estimated diameter of the hole to be measured. When selecting, ensure that the diameter of the measuring rod 7 matches the estimated hole diameter. Insert the selected measuring rod 7 into the hole and slowly push it forward, observing the state of the through end: if the through end can fully enter the hole, and the stop end cannot, then the actual hole diameter is within the range corresponding to the through and stop ends of the measuring rod 7, which meets the design requirements. If the through end cannot fully enter, or the stop end can enter, then the actual hole diameter does not meet the design requirements and requires further inspection or rework. For example, for a hole with an estimated diameter of 4.5mm, select a 4.5mm measuring rod. If the through end enters smoothly, but the stop end cannot, then the actual hole diameter is acceptable. If the through end cannot enter, the hole diameter is too small; if the stop end can enter, the hole diameter is too large.

[0049] The second step is the process of measuring the angle of the inclined hole: Insert the measuring rod 7 into the central through hole of the angle measuring device (through the insertion hole of the bushing 3), ensuring that the measuring rod 7 can slide smoothly along the central through hole. Place the angle measuring device stably on the reference surface of the housing. The reference surface needs to be pre-treated to ensure that it is flat and clean, avoiding measurement errors caused by unevenness of the reference surface. Insert the measuring rod 7 into the inclined hole to be measured, and slowly adjust the position of the measuring rod 7 so that the measuring rod 7 is aligned with the axis of the inclined hole. At this time, the angle block 2 will rotate with the angle change of the measuring rod 7. After the angle block 2 stabilizes, read the scale value corresponding to the indicator line of the angle block 2 on the protractor 1. This scale value is the angle of the inclined hole. During the reading process, pay attention to distinguishing the three levels of scale to ensure accurate reading. For example, if the indicator line points to the 25° scale, then the angle of the inclined hole is 25°.

[0050] The third step is the process of measuring the depth of the inclined hole: This process needs to be carried out in steps to eliminate the influence of reference surface differences and angle factors on the measurement results. First, insert the measuring rod 7 into the angle measuring device, and then place the angle measuring device on the calibration block 8 of the calibrator, ensuring that both sides of the protractor 1 are tightly fitted with the limiting plate of the calibration block 8 to ensure the stability of the angle measuring device's position. Gradually add calibration shims 9 into the groove of the calibration block 8 until the current angle of the measuring rod 7 matches the angle of the hole to be measured (this can be determined by the previously measured angle of the oblique hole). At this point, read the depth scale at the upper end of the measuring rod 7 as L1 on the upper surface of the bushing 3, and take L1 as the first measurement result. Second, keeping the current angle of the measuring rod 7 unchanged (i.e., without changing the position of the angle block 2 and the number of calibration shims 9), remove the angle measuring device with the measuring rod 7 from the calibrator and place it stably on the reference surface of the housing, ensuring that the placement position matches the position on the calibrator to avoid angle changes. Insert the measuring rod 7 into the inclined hole to be measured, and slowly push it until the bottom of the measuring rod 7 reaches the bottom of the hole. At this time, read the depth scale L2 indicated by the upper end of the measuring rod 7 on the upper surface of the bushing 3, and take L2 as the second measurement result. Third, calculate the depth L of the inclined hole based on the first reading L1 and the second reading L2, using the formula L = L2 - L1. The principle of this formula is: L1 is the reference depth under calibration, and L2 is the total depth during actual measurement. The difference between the two is the actual depth of the inclined hole. This method eliminates the influence of the reference surface and angle factors, ensuring accurate measurement results. For example, if calibration yields L1 = 10mm and the actual measurement yields L2 = 60mm, then the depth of the inclined hole L = 60mm - 10mm = 50mm.

[0051] The fourth is the process of measuring the depth of a straight hole: Measuring the depth of a straight hole is relatively simple. Just insert the measuring rod 7 directly into the straight hole to be measured, and slowly push it until the bottom of the measuring rod 7 reaches the bottom of the hole. Then, read the depth scale on the upper end of the measuring rod 7 as indicated on the upper surface of the hole. This reading is the actual depth of the straight hole. During the measurement process, ensure that the measuring rod 7 remains parallel to the axis of the straight hole, and select a measuring rod 7 that is compatible with the hole diameter to avoid reading errors due to the selection of the measuring rod 7. For example, if the scale on the upper surface of the hole indicates 35mm, then the depth of the straight hole is 35mm.

[0052] Therefore, this measuring tool and method demonstrate significant advantages in practical applications. In the measurement of oil passage holes in various housing-type parts, the pass rate of the oil passage holes using this tool and method reached over 98%, far exceeding the pass rate of traditional measuring methods. Furthermore, the tool is easy to operate, requiring no specialized metrology personnel to complete the measurement, significantly saving metrology time; on average, it saves over 8 hours of metrology time per part. In addition, the manufacturing cost of this tool is far lower than that of a coordinate measuring machine (CMM), and it is simple to maintain, making it highly valuable for widespread application.

[0053] In summary, this integrated measurement tool and corresponding measurement method for hole parameters of shell-type parts, through reasonable structural design and scientific measurement steps, achieves efficient and accurate measurement of hole parameters of shell-type parts. It effectively solves the problems of low efficiency, high cost and insufficient accuracy of traditional measurement methods, and provides strong technical support for the production and manufacturing of shell-type parts.

[0054] The above embodiments are merely one of the implementation methods for achieving the technical solution of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, but also includes any variations, substitutions and other implementation methods that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated measuring tool for hole parameters of shell-type parts, characterized in that, include: Measuring rod (7), angle measuring device and calibrator; The angle measuring device includes two symmetrically arranged protractors (1), and the bottoms of the two protractors (1) are connected by a support rod (6); An angle block (2) is movably connected between the tops of the two protractors (1), the angle block (2) being used to cooperate with the protractors (1) to indicate the angle; The angle block (2) has a central through hole, and the vertical axis of the central through hole is set parallel to the indicator line of the angle block (2); The measuring rod (7) is inserted into the central through hole and can slide up and down along the central through hole; The measuring rod (7) is provided with a through end and a stop end; The calibrator includes a calibration block (8) and a calibration pad (9); The calibration block (8) has multiple grooves arranged in a continuous manner; each groove can hold a calibration pad (9). When the calibrator is used in conjunction with an angle measuring device with a measuring rod (7) inserted, the protractor (1) is located on the calibration block (8), and the bottom of the measuring rod (7) is parallel to the last placed calibration pad (9); the measuring rod (7) is calibrated to the angle of the hole to be measured by increasing or decreasing the number of calibration pads (9).

2. The integrated measuring tool for hole parameters of shell-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two protractors (1) have connecting holes on their bottom corners. The support rod (6) passes through the connecting holes of the two protractors (1) and is fixed at both ends by snap rings (5).

3. The integrated measuring tool for hole parameters of shell-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protractor (1) has a groove along the arc direction. The upper part of the angle block (2) is slidably set in the groove by a screw (4), and the lower part is connected to the center hole of the protractor (1) by a pin. The screw (4) passes through the groove and is threaded into the angle block (2).

4. The integrated measuring tool for hole parameters of shell-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the angle block (2) is provided with a bushing (3); The bushing (3) has an insertion hole that is connected to the central through hole of the angle block (2) to insert the measuring rod (7).

5. The integrated measuring tool for hole parameters of shell-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measuring rod (7) has a depth scale at the through end, with each division being 0.5 mm; the diameter of the measuring rod (7) is in the range of 1-10 mm, with each 0.2 mm group in the range of 1-3 mm, and each 0.5 mm group in the range of 3-10 mm.

6. The integrated measuring tool for hole parameters of shell-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle block (2) has an indicator line on its side for indicating the angle; The protractor (1) is provided with three levels of scale readings, wherein the first level scale is 15° per division, the second level scale is 5° per division, and the third level scale is 1° per division.

7. The integrated measuring tool for hole parameters of shell-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Limiting plates are provided on both sides of the calibration block (8). When the angle measuring device is used in conjunction with the calibrator, the two sides of the protractor (1) are in contact with the corresponding limiting plates.

8. A method for measuring hole parameters in a housing-type part, characterized in that, An integrated measurement tool for hole parameters of shell-type parts according to any one of claims 1-7 includes: Aperture measurement process: Select the corresponding measuring rod (7) according to the estimated diameter of the hole to be measured, and insert the measuring rod (7) into the hole to be measured so that the through end goes down completely until the stop end can not go down, so as to obtain the actual diameter of the hole to be measured. The process of measuring the angle of the inclined hole: Insert the measuring rod (7) into the angle measuring device, place the angle measuring device on the reference surface of the housing, extend the measuring rod (7) into the hole to be measured, and take the scale indicated by the angle block (2) as the angle of the inclined hole; The process of measuring the depth of an inclined hole: Insert the measuring rod (7) into the angle measuring device and use the calibrator to perform calibration measurement to obtain the first measurement result; place the angle measuring device with the measuring rod (7) on the housing reference surface, extend the measuring rod (7) into the hole to be measured, and insert it to the bottom of the hole to obtain the second measurement result; calculate the depth of the inclined hole based on the first measurement result and the second measurement result.

9. The method for measuring hole parameters of a shell-type part according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: Straight hole depth measurement process: Insert the measuring rod (7) into the bottom of the hole to be measured, and take the reading indicated by the measuring rod (7) as the depth of the straight hole.

10. The method for measuring hole parameters of a shell-type part according to claim 8, characterized in that, The process of measuring the depth of the oblique hole specifically includes: Insert the measuring rod (7) into the angle measuring device and place the angle measuring device on the calibrator; Gradually add calibration pads (9) into the groove of calibration block (8) until the current measuring rod (7) is calibrated to the angle of the hole to be measured, and read the first reading L1 as the first measurement result; Keeping the current angle of the measuring rod (7) unchanged, place the angle measuring device with the measuring rod (7) on the reference surface of the housing, insert the measuring rod (7) into the hole to be measured, insert it to the bottom of the hole, and read the second reading L2 as the second measurement result; The depth L of the inclined hole is calculated based on the first reading L1 and the second reading L2, using the following formula: L = L2 - L1.

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