An isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structures, belong to the field of mechanical metamaterials, including triangle-based isotropic energy-absorbing tensile unit cell structure and I-shaped connector, wherein the tensile unit cell structure includes corner assembly, edge assembly and middle tensile assembly three parts;Under the action of middle tensile assembly, when the structure is not subjected to external load, the structure is subjected to the interaction of internal stress, and reaches equilibrium in self-stabilizing state;In the state of being subjected to external load, the structure will occur adaptive deformation;Again remove external load, the structure will restore to initial state.A kind of isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure has the advantages of self-adaptability, isotropy, negative Poisson's ratio characteristics, etc., the present application is combined by tensile overall structure and mechanical metamaterial structure, enriches the type of existing mechanical metamaterial unit cell structure, and opens up a brand-new direction for the design, analysis and application of tensile mechanical metamaterial structure.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of mechanical metamaterials, and can be applied to the fields of robots, shock absorption, impact resistance and the like, and more particularly relates to an isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Metamaterials are non-naturally occurring materials, and their performance is derived from the structure of the material rather than the chemical composition of the material. Metamaterials are a kind of artificially synthesized materials with special structures, and exhibit very unique properties in the fields of mechanics, electromagnetic waves, sound waves and the like. According to application fields, metamaterials can be divided into four categories: electromagnetic metamaterials, acoustic metamaterials, thermal metamaterials and mechanical metamaterials. Negative Poisson's ratio metamaterials are a branch of mechanical metamaterials, and refer to materials that have a negative ratio of lateral normal strain to axial normal strain (Poisson's ratio) in a certain direction when subjected to pressure. Such materials have many unique properties, such as highly controllable elasticity, light weight, high strength and the like, and can be used in various fields, such as robotics, medicine, aerospace and the like, so that the materials have great potential for research and application, and have attracted widespread attention in recent years.

[0003] At present, existing mechanical metamaterials have a single cell structure in terms of structural design, and the negative Poisson's ratio metamaterials are mostly integrated structures, have low reusability, and so far many designs have relied on deformation or evolution of existing metamaterial structures, and it is impossible to systematically design geometrical and topological shapes to obtain new metamaterial structures with negative Poisson's ratio effect.

[0004] Therefore, how to enrich the types of mechanical metamaterials and design a mechanical metamaterial that can be reused, has adjustable self-stiffness, and has self-adaptability, self-stability and self-recovery is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0005] To this end, the application provides an isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure, which combines a tensile whole structure with a mechanical metamaterial structure, enriches the types of negative Poisson's ratio metamaterial cells, and improves the mechanical properties of traditional mechanical metamaterials.

[0006] This invention provides an isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure comprising a triangular-based isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cell structure and I-shaped connectors. The triangular-based isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cell structure comprises six groups, connected by the I-shaped connectors to form a six-cell structure of isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial. Each group of the triangular-based isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cell structure includes a corner component, an edge component, and a central tensile component. The corner components comprise three groups, located at the three corners of the structure. Each group of corner components includes a fixing ring, with an axis for fixed connection to the corner piece, and the corner piece is straight... The structure includes a linear bearing and a first connecting shaft. There are three sets of edge components located at the midpoint of the three sides of the structure. Each set of edge components includes a first bearing fixing member, a second bearing fixing member, and an edge linear bearing. There is also one set of central tensioning components located at the center of the structure. Each set of central tensioning components includes a tensile elastic member, a second connecting shaft, a compressive elastic member, a third connecting shaft, a fixing pin, and a hexagonal fixing block. Under the constraint of the shafts and linear bearings, and with the combined action of the tensile and compressive elastic members, the entire structure exhibits self-stabilizing, adaptively deformable, and self-restoring steady-state tensioning characteristics.

[0007] In each of the corner components of each group of isotropic energy-absorbing tension cell structures based on triangles, there are two sets of shaft-fixed connecting corner pieces, which are kite-shaped boss structures with semi-cylindrical grooves inside. A countersunk hole is formed at the center of one side of the plane containing the short side of the kite shape, and a planar countersunk hole is formed at the angle between the long sides of the kite shape. The two sets of shaft-fixed connecting corner pieces are symmetrically arranged and fixedly connected. The linear bearing of each corner piece is embedded in the structural groove, and a through hole is formed on the axis of the semi-cylindrical groove. There are two sets of first connecting shafts, with one end of each first connecting shaft interlocked with the shaft-fixed connecting corner piece at the countersunk hole position for a fixed connection. The fixing ring is fixedly connected to the shaft-fixed connecting corner piece at the planar countersunk hole position, the purpose of which is to fix the tension elastic member in the central tensioning assembly.

[0008] In each set of edge components of the isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cell structure based on triangles, there are two sets of first bearing fixing members, which are cuboid structures. A semi-cylindrical groove is opened at one end of the structural plane. The groove axis is parallel to the long side of the cuboid and is centrally located. A through hole is opened on the axis of the semi-cylindrical groove. There are two sets of second bearing fixing members. A semi-cylindrical groove is opened at one end of the structural plane, and its position is symmetrical to the groove position of the first bearing fixing member. A semi-cylindrical groove is opened at the center position opposite to the structural plane. The groove axis is parallel to the short side of the cuboid and is centrally located. A through hole is opened on the axis of the semi-cylindrical groove. There are three sets of edge linear bearings, all of which are arranged in the semi-cylindrical grooves.

[0009] In the middle tension assembly of each of the triangle-based isotropic energy-absorbing tension cellular structure, the hexagonal fixing block is arranged in the center, with side surface counterbores in the middle of six sides and a top surface counterbore in the center of the top surface; the fixing pin is fixedly connected with the top surface counterbore in the center of the top surface of the hexagonal fixing block; the tension elastic members are divided into three groups, with one end fixedly connected with the fixing ring in each of the corner assemblies and the other end fixedly connected with the fixing pin in the middle tension assembly; the second connecting shafts are divided into three groups, with one end of each of the second connecting shafts fixedly connected with the side surface counterbores of the hexagonal fixing block, adjacent angles of each of the second connecting shafts being 120°, i.e. the fixed side surface counterbores are not adjacent; the third connecting shafts are divided into three groups, with one end of each of the third connecting shafts fixedly connected with the side surface counterbores of the hexagonal fixing block, adjacent angles of each of the third connecting shafts being 120°, i.e. the fixed side surface counterbores are not adjacent; the second connecting shafts and the third connecting shafts are arranged alternately on the hexagonal fixing block; the compression elastic members are divided into three groups and arranged on the third connecting shafts.

[0010] In each of the triangle-based isotropic energy-absorbing tension cellular structure, the other end of the first connecting shaft in the corner assembly is slidingly connected with the edge straight linear bearing in the edge assembly whose axis is parallel to the long side; the other end of the second connecting shaft in the middle tension assembly is slidingly connected with the corner linear bearing in the corner assembly; the other end of the third connecting shaft in the middle tension assembly is slidingly connected with the edge straight linear bearing in the edge assembly whose axis is parallel to the short side.

[0011] In each of the triangle-based isotropic energy-absorbing tension cellular structure, the first connecting shaft in the corner assembly, the second connecting shaft and the third connecting shaft in the middle tension assembly have the same shaft diameter but different lengths; the through holes in the shaft fixing connection corner piece and the through holes in the first bearing fixing member and the second bearing fixing member in the edge assembly, which are the same as the axis of the semi-cylindrical groove, have the same hole diameter, which is slightly larger than the shaft diameter, so as to better realize the moving effect of the shaft under the action of the linear bearing.

[0012] The I-shaped connecting pieces are divided into 18 groups, six groups of the triangle-based isotropic energy-absorbing tension cellular structure are arranged in a ring array, each of the I-shaped connecting pieces is arranged at the position of the corner assembly and the edge assembly of the adjacent triangle-based isotropic energy-absorbing tension cellular structure, is fixedly connected, so as to form a whole between the cells and further form a six-cell structure of the isotropic energy-absorbing tension metamaterial structure.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the application provides an isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure, mainly including a triangular-based isotropic energy-absorbing tensile unit structure, under the joint action of the tensile elastic member and the compressive elastic member, when the structure is not subjected to external load, the structure is subjected to the interaction of internal stress and reaches balance in the self-stable state; in the state of being subjected to external load, the structure will adaptively deform; once again removing the external load, the structure will return to the initial state. The isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure has the advantages of self-adaptability, self-recovery, self-stability, isotropy, energy absorption and negative Poisson's ratio characteristics, and the like. The application combines the tensile whole structure with the mechanical metamaterial structure, enriches the types of the existing mechanical metamaterial unit structure, and opens up a brand-new direction for the design, analysis and application of the tensile mechanical metamaterial structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute the embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor based on the provided drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 The drawing is a stable state axial side view of a six-unit structure of the isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure provided by the present application.

[0016] Figure 2 The drawing is a stable state front view of the six-unit structure of the isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure provided by the present application.

[0017] Figure 3 The drawing is a stable state front view of the triangular-based isotropic energy-absorbing tensile unit structure provided by the present application.

[0018] Figure 4 The drawing is a stable state axial side view of the triangular-based isotropic energy-absorbing tensile unit structure provided by the present application.

[0019] Figure 5 The drawing is a corner assembly schematic diagram of the triangular-based isotropic energy-absorbing tensile unit structure provided by the present application.

[0020] Figure 6 The drawing is an exploded view of the corner assembly of the triangular-based isotropic energy-absorbing tensile unit structure provided by the present application.

[0021] Figure 7 The drawing is a side assembly schematic diagram of the triangular-based isotropic energy-absorbing tensile unit structure provided by the present application.

[0022] Figure 8 The figure is an exploded view of the edge assembly of the triangle-based isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cellular structure provided by the present application.

[0023] Figure 9 The figure is a schematic view of the middle tensile assembly of the triangle-based isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cellular structure provided by the present application.

[0024] Figure 10 The figure is an exploded view of the middle tensile assembly of the triangle-based isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cellular structure provided by the present application.

[0025] Figure 11 The figure is a front view of the compression state of the triangle-based isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cellular structure provided by the present application.

[0026] Figure 12 The figure is an axial side view of the compression state of the hexagonal cellular structure of the isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure provided by the present application.

[0027] Figure 13 The figure is a front view of the compression state of the hexagonal cellular structure of the isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure provided by the present application.

[0028] In the figure, 10 is a triangle-based isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cellular structure, 20 is an I-shaped connecting piece, 100 is a corner assembly, 200 is an edge assembly, 300 is a middle tensile assembly, 101 is a fixed ring, 102 is an axial fixed connecting corner piece, 103 is a corner piece linear bearing, 104 is a first connecting shaft, 201 is a first bearing fixed member, 202 is a second bearing fixed member, 203 is an edge linear bearing, 301 is a tensile elastic member, 302 is a second connecting shaft, 303 is a compression elastic member, 304 is a third connecting shaft, 305 is a fixed pin, and 306 is a hexagonal fixed block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0030] In the description of the present application, it needs to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0031] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium, or internal communication of two elements or interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature "on", "above" and "over" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "under", "below" and "under" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature. The existing mechanical metamaterial has a single unit cell structure in structural design, and the negative Poisson's ratio metamaterial is mostly an integrated structure, which has low reusability, and so far many designs have relied on deformation or evolution of existing metamaterial structures, and it is impossible to systematically design geometry and topology shape to obtain new metamaterial structures with negative Poisson's ratio effect.

[0033] Therefore, the embodiment of the present application discloses an isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure, which specifically refers to the accompanying drawings Figures 1-13 , which comprises a triangular-based isotropic energy-absorbing tensile unit cell structure 10 and an I-shaped connecting piece 20. The triangular-based isotropic energy-absorbing tensile unit cell structure 10 has six groups, which are connected by the I-shaped connecting piece 20 to form a six-unit cell structure of an isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure, wherein each group of the triangular-based isotropic energy-absorbing tensile unit cell structure 10 comprises an angle part assembly 100, an edge part assembly 200 and a middle tensile assembly 300.

[0034] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 3 , the I-shaped connecting piece 20 comprises a first I-shaped connecting piece 21 and a second I-shaped connecting piece 22.Figure 4 The corner assembly 100 is shared by three groups, located at the three corners of the structure, and each group of the corner assembly 100 includes a fixed ring 101, an axis-fixed connection corner piece 102, a corner piece linear bearing 103, and a first connecting shaft 104. The edge assembly 200 is shared by three groups, located at the middle of the three edges of the structure, and each group of the edge assembly 200 includes a first bearing fixing member 201, a second bearing fixing member 202, and an edge linear bearing 203. The middle tension assembly 300 is shared by one group, located at the center of the structure, and each group of the middle tension assembly 300 includes a tensioned elastic member 301, a second connecting shaft 302, a compressed elastic member 303, a third connecting shaft 304, a fixed pin 305, and a hexagonal fixing block 306. The entire structure has self-stabilizing, self-adapting deformation, and self-recovering stable tension characteristics under the constraints of the shaft and the linear bearing and the common action of the tensioned elastic member 301 and the compressed elastic member 303.

[0035] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 5 , the accompanying drawings Figure 6 In the embodiment of the present application, in each group of the corner assembly 100 of each group of the isotropic energy-absorbing tension cell structure 10 based on a triangle, the axis-fixed connection corner piece 102 is shared by two groups, shaped as a reed-shaped boss structure, with a semicylindrical recess inside, an end face counterbore at the center position of the side of the reed-shaped short side, and a planar counterbore at the included angle position of the reed-shaped planar long side. The two groups of axis-fixed connection corner pieces 102 are symmetrically arranged and fixedly connected, and the corner piece linear bearing 103 is embedded in the structure recess and has a through hole on the axis of the semicylindrical recess. The first connecting shaft 104 is shared by two groups, and one end of each group of the first connecting shaft 104 is fixedly connected with the axis-fixed connection corner piece 102 at the shaft hole interference fit position of the end face counterbore. The fixed ring 101 is fixedly connected with the axis-fixed connection corner piece 102 at the planar counterbore position, and the purpose is to fix the tensioned elastic member 301 in the middle tension assembly 300.

[0036] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 7 , the accompanying drawings Figure 8In this embodiment of the invention, in each group of edge components 200 of each group of isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cell structures 10 based on triangles, there are two groups of first bearing fixing members 201, which are cuboid structures. A semi-cylindrical groove is opened at one end of the structural plane. The groove axis is parallel to the long side of the cuboid and is centrally located. A through hole is opened on the axis of the semi-cylindrical groove. There are two groups of second bearing fixing members 202. A semi-cylindrical groove is opened at one end of the structural plane, and its position is symmetrical to the groove position of the first bearing fixing member 201. A semi-cylindrical groove is opened at the center position opposite to the structural plane. The groove axis is parallel to the short side of the cuboid and is centrally located. A through hole is opened on the axis of the semi-cylindrical groove. There are three groups of edge linear bearings 203, all of which are arranged in the semi-cylindrical grooves.

[0037] See appendix Figure 9 Appendix Figure 10 In this embodiment of the invention, in the central tensioning assembly 300 of each group of isotropic energy-absorbing tensioning cell structures 10 based on triangles, the hexagonal fixing block 306 is centrally arranged, with countersunk holes in the center of each of the six sides and a countersunk hole in the center of the top surface; the fixing pin 305 is fixedly connected to the hexagonal fixing block 306 in the countersunk hole at the center of the top surface; there are three groups of tension elastic members 301, one end of which is fixedly connected to the fixing ring 101 in each group of corner assemblies 100, and the other end is fixedly connected to the fixing pin 305 in the central tensioning assembly 300; there are three groups of second connecting shafts 302, each group of second connecting shafts One end of the second connecting shaft 302 is fixedly connected to the hexagonal fixing block 306 at the countersunk hole position on the side. The included angle between adjacent second connecting shafts 302 in each group is 120°, that is, the planes where the countersunk holes on the side are located are not adjacent. There are three groups of third connecting shafts 304. One end of each group of third connecting shafts 304 is fixedly connected to the hexagonal fixing block 306 at the countersunk hole position on the side. The included angle between adjacent third connecting shafts 304 in each group is 120°, that is, the planes where the countersunk holes on the side are located are not adjacent. The second connecting shafts 302 and the third connecting shafts 304 are arranged alternately on the hexagonal fixing block 306. There are three groups of compression elastic members 303, which are arranged on the third connecting shafts 304.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in each group of isotropic energy-absorbing tension cell structures 10 based on triangles, the other end of the first connecting shaft 104 in the corner assembly 100 is slidably connected to the side linear bearing 203 in the side assembly 200, whose central axis is parallel to the long side; the other end of the second connecting shaft 302 in the central tension assembly 300 is slidably connected to the corner linear bearing 103 in the corner assembly 100; and the other end of the third connecting shaft 304 in the central tension assembly 300 is slidably connected to the side linear bearing 203 in the side assembly 200, whose central axis is parallel to the short side.

[0039] More advantageously, in each set of isotropic energy-absorbing tension cell structures 10 based on triangles, the first connecting shaft 104 in the corner assembly 100, the second connecting shaft 302 in the middle tension assembly 300, and the third connecting shaft 304 have the same shaft diameter but different lengths; the through hole in the shaft fixing connecting corner piece 102 that is the same as the axis of the semi-cylindrical groove, and the through hole in the first bearing fixing member 201 and the second bearing fixing member 202 in the side assembly 200 that is the same as the axis of the semi-cylindrical groove, all have the same hole diameter, which is slightly larger than the shaft diameter that it matches. The purpose is to allow the shaft to achieve a better movement effect under the action of the linear bearing.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the structure deforms under load. Each set of isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cell structures 10 based on triangles, under the combined action of the tensile elastic member 301 and the compressive elastic member 303, experiences internal stress interaction when the structure is not subjected to external load, reaching equilibrium in a self-stabilizing state. (See appendix) Figure 3 Under external loads, the structure will undergo adaptive deformation; see appendix. Figure 11 When the external load is removed again, the structure will return to its initial state. (See appendix) Figure 3 .

[0041] A total of 18 sets of I-shaped connectors 20 are described. Six sets of the isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cell structures 10 based on triangles are arranged in a ring array. Each set of I-shaped connectors 20 is positioned at the corner components 100 and the edge components 200 of adjacent isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cell structures 10, providing a fixed connection so that the cells form a whole, thus constituting a six-cell structure with isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure. When the six-cell structure with isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure is subjected to external load, the structure undergoes adaptive deformation. (See Appendix) Figure 12 , attached Figure 13 When the external load is removed again, the structure will return to its initial state. See Appendix.Figure 1 , attached Figure 2 .

[0042] The present application provides an isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure, which has the advantages of self-adaptability, self-recovery and self-stability, etc., the present application combines the tensile whole structure with the mechanical metamaterial structure, enriches the types of the existing mechanical metamaterial cell structure, and opens up a brand-new direction for the design, analysis and application of the tensile mechanical metamaterial structure; the present application has important academic significance. The isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure provided by the present application is simple in structure, and is expected to be vigorously developed and can realize its application value in many fields.

[0043] In the description of the present specification, the description referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example" or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in the present specification.

[0044] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above-described embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An isotropic energy-absorbing tensile supermaterial structure, characterized in that, The structure includes a triangular isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cell structure (10) and an I-beam connector (20). The triangular isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cell structure (10) comprises six groups, connected by the I-beam connector (20) to form a six-cell structure with an isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure. Each group of the triangular isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cell structure (10) includes a corner component (100), an edge component (200), and a central tensile component (300). The corner components (100) comprise three groups, located at the three corners of the structure. Each group of corner components (100) includes a fixing ring (101), a shaft-fixed corner connector (102), and a corner linear bearing (103). A connecting shaft (104); the side components (200) consist of three groups, located at the middle of the three sides of the structure. Each group of the side components (200) includes a first bearing fixing member (201), a second bearing fixing member (202), and a side linear bearing (203); the central tensioning components (300) consist of one group, located at the center of the structure. Each group of the central tensioning components (300) includes a tension elastic member (301), a second connecting shaft (302), a compression elastic member (303), a third connecting shaft (304), a fixing pin (305), and a hexagonal fixing block (306); the first connecting shaft (104) consists of two groups, with one end of each group of the first connecting shaft (104) fixed to the shaft. The connecting corner piece (102) is interference-fitted with the shaft hole at the countersunk hole position on the end face for fixed connection; the fixing ring (101) and the shaft fixing connecting corner piece (102) are fixedly connected at the countersunk hole position on the plane; in each group of the edge components (200), there are two sets of the first bearing fixing member (201), which are cuboid structures. A semi-cylindrical groove is opened at one end of the structural plane. The groove axis is parallel to the long side of the cuboid and is centrally arranged. A through hole is opened on the axis of the semi-cylindrical groove; there are two sets of the second bearing fixing member (202). A semi-cylindrical groove is opened at one end of the structural plane, and its position is symmetrical to the groove position of the first bearing fixing member (201). A semi-cylindrical groove is opened at the center position opposite to the structural plane. The line is parallel to the short side of the cuboid and is centrally located. A through hole is opened on the axis of the semi-cylindrical groove. There are three sets of the edge linear bearings (203), all of which are arranged in the semi-cylindrical groove. In the central tensioning assembly (300), the hexagonal fixing block (306) is centrally located. Side countersunk holes are opened in the middle of the six sides, and a top countersunk hole is also opened at the center of the top surface. The fixing pin (305) is fixedly connected to the hexagonal fixing block (306) at the top countersunk hole at the center of the top surface. There are three sets of the tension elastic member (301). One end of the member is fixedly connected to the fixing ring (101) in each set of corner assemblies (100), and the other end is fixedly connected to the fixing pin (305) in the central tensioning assembly (300).There are three sets of the second connecting shaft (302), one end of each set of the second connecting shaft (302) is fixedly connected to the hexagonal fixing block (306) at the countersunk hole position on the side; there are three sets of the third connecting shaft (304), one end of each set of the third connecting shaft (304) is fixedly connected to the hexagonal fixing block (306) at the countersunk hole position on the side; there are three sets of the pressure-bearing elastic member (303), arranged on the third connecting shaft (304); the first connecting shaft (1) in the corner assembly (100) The other end of the second connecting shaft (302) in the middle tensioning assembly (300) is slidably connected to the side linear bearing (203) whose central axis is parallel to the long side; the other end of the second connecting shaft (302) in the middle tensioning assembly (300) is slidably connected to the corner linear bearing (103) in the corner assembly (100); the other end of the third connecting shaft (304) in the middle tensioning assembly (300) is slidably connected to the side linear bearing (203) whose central axis is parallel to the short side.

2. The isotropic energy-absorbing tensile supermaterial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cell structure (10) based on triangles, in each set of corner components (100), there are two sets of shaft-fixed connecting corner pieces (102), which are kite-shaped boss structures with semi-cylindrical grooves inside. A countersunk hole is opened at the center of one side of the plane where the short side of the kite is located, and a planar countersunk hole is opened at the angle between the long side and the short side of the kite plane. The two sets of shaft-fixed connecting corner pieces (102) are symmetrically arranged and fixedly connected. The corner piece linear bearing (103) is embedded in the structural groove, and a through hole is opened on the axis of the semi-cylindrical groove.

3. The isotropic energy-absorbing tensile supermaterial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cell structure (10) based on triangles, the included angle between adjacent second connecting shafts (302) in each group is 120°, that is, the planes where the fixed side countersinks are located are not adjacent; the included angle between adjacent third connecting shafts (304) in each group is 120°, that is, the planes where the fixed side countersinks are located are not adjacent; the second connecting shafts (302) and the third connecting shafts (304) are staggered on the hexagonal fixing block (306).

4. The isotropic energy-absorbing tensile supermaterial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cell structure (10) based on triangles, the first connecting shaft (104) in the corner assembly (100), the second connecting shaft (302) in the middle tensile assembly (300), and the third connecting shaft (304) have the same shaft diameter but different lengths; the through hole in the shaft fixing connecting corner piece (102) that is the same as the axis of the semi-cylindrical groove, and the through holes in the first bearing fixing member (201) and the second bearing fixing member (202) in the side assembly (200) that are the same as the axis of the semi-cylindrical groove, all have the same hole diameter, which is slightly larger than the shaft diameter that it matches.

5. The isotropic energy-absorbing tensile supermaterial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are a total of 18 sets of I-shaped connectors (20). The six sets of isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cell structures (10) based on triangles are arranged in a ring array. Each set of I-shaped connectors (20) is arranged at the position of the corner component (100) and the side component (200) of the adjacent isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cell structure (10) based on triangles, and is fixedly connected; thus forming a six-cell structure with an isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure.

6. The isotropic energy-absorbing tensile supermaterial structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The invention comprises an isotropic energy-absorbing tensile metamaterial structure and device, which is formed by the isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cell structure (10) based on the triangle and the I-shaped connector (20) in the hexacell structure and is extended in the same way as the isotropic energy-absorbing tensile cell structure (10) based on the triangle and the I-shaped connector (20).

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