Optical lens and electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses an optical lens and an electronic device, which sequentially comprise, along an optical axis from a first side to a second side: a first lens with negative optical power, a first side of the first lens being a convex surface, and a second side of the first lens being a concave surface; a second lens with positive optical power, a first side of the second lens being a convex surface; a third lens with positive optical power, at least one of a first side of the third lens and a second side of the third lens being a convex surface; a fourth lens with optical power; a fifth lens with optical power, at least one of a first side of the fifth lens and a second side of the fifth lens being a convex surface; the number of lenses with optical power in the optical lens is five; the optical lens satisfies: 0.841<=|F3 / F4|<=8.583 and 0.363<=(CT3+CT4+CT5) / TTL<=0.599.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical components, and more specifically, to an optical lens and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] LiDAR lenses are key components for detecting information around vehicles. With the rise of autonomous driving technology, the performance requirements for LiDAR lenses are constantly increasing, demanding miniaturization, a large field of view, and high imaging quality. To improve the imaging quality of LiDAR lenses, the common approach is to increase the number of lenses within the lens, thereby correcting aberrations multiple times. However, this method leads to increased lens size and soaring costs, hindering practical mass production applications. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The first aspect of this application provides an optical lens comprising, sequentially from a first side to a second side along an optical axis: a first lens having negative optical power, wherein a first side surface of the first lens is convex and a second side surface of the first lens is concave; a second lens having positive optical power, wherein a first side surface of the second lens is convex; a third lens having positive optical power, wherein at least one of the first side surface and the second side surface of the third lens is convex; a fourth lens having optical power; and a fifth lens having optical power, wherein at least one of the first side surface and the second side surface of the fifth lens is convex; the optical lens comprises five lenses having optical power; and the optical lens satisfies: 0.841≤|F3 / F4|≤8.583 and 0.363≤(CT3+CT4+CT5) / TTL≤0.599; wherein F3 is the focal length of the third lens, F4 is the focal length of the fourth lens, CT3 is the center thickness of the third lens, CT4 is the center thickness of the fourth lens, and CT5 is the center thickness of the fifth lens.

[0004] The second aspect of this application provides an electronic device comprising an optical lens as described in the exemplary embodiments above, and at least one of an imaging element and a light source, wherein the imaging element is used to convert an optical image or optical information formed by the optical lens into an electrical signal, the light source is located on a second side of the optical lens, and the light emitted by the light source is projected onto a first side of the optical lens after passing through the optical lens, forming an image or an illuminated area on the first side of the optical lens.

[0005] The first side of the first lens is convex, which helps to converge the light beam and reduce the diameter of the received beam, thereby contributing to a reduction in the size of subsequent lenses and facilitating miniaturization and cost reduction of the entire system. The second side of the first lens is concave, which reduces the steepness of the edge light path, allowing the light to enter the system more smoothly for imaging. This helps to reduce the incident angle of the principal rays in each field of view and improve the system's image quality. The first side of the second lens is convex, which not only slightly converges the beam diffused by the first lens, thus improving the light path, but also, combined with the convex-concave shape of the first lens, reduces the aperture of subsequent lenses and lowers lens costs. At least one of the first and second sides of the third lens is convex, ensuring that the third lens can converge the diffused beam, thus smoothing the light path and alleviating the resolving pressure on the edge fields of view from subsequent lenses. Based on this, by controlling |F3 / F4|, the optical power of the third and fourth lenses can be stably stabilized together. When F4 is positive, the third and fourth lenses, being positive lenses, can converge in an orderly relay, avoiding overload of a single lens or premature convergence of light, thus balancing the convergence of the third lens and the divergence of the fourth lens. When the convergence of the third lens and the divergence of the fourth lens are similar, fine-tuning of medium-angle light can be performed. When the convergence of the third lens is strong and the divergence of the fourth lens is weak, the third lens can narrow the wide field of view, while the fourth lens can coordinate and control to prevent excessive convergence of light, avoiding optical path disorder caused by the imbalance of convergence and divergence. This lays a stable foundation for the subsequent correction of light by the fifth lens and the imaging plane. Furthermore, by controlling 0.363≤(CT3+CT4+CT5) / TTL≤0.599, the optical lens can provide sufficient installation space and optical parameter adjustment margin for the third, fourth, and fifth lenses, thus allowing the surfaces of the third, fourth, and fifth lenses to be designed with specific curvatures to meet the requirements of a wide viewing angle. Specifically, when (CT3+CT4+CT5) / TTL < 0.363, it will result in weak optical power and distortion control capabilities, making it impossible to achieve a wide-angle lens design, and the target distortion will also be difficult to meet the standards, which is not conducive to wide-range road condition observation in vehicle scenarios; when (CT3+CT4+CT5) / TTL > 0.599, it will squeeze the installation space of the first and second lenses as well as the optical functional space, resulting in system structural redundancy, which is not conducive to the compact and miniaturized design of optical lenses, and it is difficult to adapt to the installation space limitations of vehicle scenarios.Therefore, by controlling (CT3+CT4+CT5) / TTL within the range of 0.363 to 0.599, the optical performance of the lens (wide field of view, target distortion) and the structural design (compactness, miniaturization) can be effectively balanced, ensuring that the vehicle-mounted lens meets the requirements of wide field of view imaging and distortion control while adapting to the space installation requirements of vehicle-mounted scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0006] Figures 1-15 The following are schematic diagrams of the optical lenses in Embodiments 1-15 of this application, respectively.

[0007] Figure 16 and Figure 17 The curves shown are the modulation transfer function (MTF) curves of the optical lenses in Embodiments 1 and 3 of this application, respectively. The MTF curves represent the lens imaging modulation at different spatial frequencies under each field of view. The horizontal axis represents the spatial frequency (unit: lp / mm), and the vertical axis represents the OTF coefficient. Detailed Implementation

[0008] To better understand this application, various aspects of this application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these detailed descriptions are merely illustrative of exemplary embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application in any way. Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements.

[0009] It should be noted that in this specification, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish one feature from another and do not imply any limitation on the features. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of this application, the first lens discussed below may also be referred to as the second lens or the third lens.

[0010] In the accompanying drawings, the thickness, size, and shape of the lenses have been slightly exaggerated for ease of illustration. Specifically, the shapes of the spherical or aspherical surfaces shown in the drawings are illustrated by way of example. That is, the shapes of the spherical or aspherical surfaces are not limited to those shown in the drawings. The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not drawn strictly to scale.

[0011] In this paper, the paraxial region refers to the region near the optical axis. If the lens surface is convex and the location of the convexity is not defined, it means that the lens surface is convex at least in the paraxial region; if the lens surface is concave and the location of the concaveness is not defined, it means that the lens surface is concave at least in the paraxial region. The surface of each lens closest to the first side is called the first side surface of the lens, and the surface of each lens closest to the second side is called the second side surface of the lens.

[0012] It should also be understood that the terms "comprising," "including," and / or "having," when used in this specification, indicate the presence of the stated features, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. Furthermore, when describing embodiments of this application, the word "may" is used to mean "one or more embodiments of this application." And the term "exemplary" is intended to refer to an example or illustration.

[0013] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. It should also be understood that terms (e.g., those defined in common dictionaries) shall be interpreted as having the meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense, unless expressly so specified herein.

[0014] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0015] The features, principles and other aspects of this application are described in detail below.

[0016] An optical lens according to an exemplary embodiment of this application may include, for example, five lenses with optical power, namely a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, and a fifth lens, which are arranged sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis.

[0017] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens provided in this application can be used as a light receiving lens or a light emitting lens, wherein: the light receiving lens is generally used to collect light from the object-side space, and the collected light is used to form detection information, including but not limited to imaging, laser point clouds, etc.; the light emitting lens is generally used to transmit light from the light emitting unit to the object-side space, and the light transmitted to the object-side space can be divided into projection light for forming a projection image or detection light for detecting target information, etc., according to the function of the light.

[0018] It is understood that when the optical lens provided in this application is used as a light-receiving lens such as a camera lens, a lidar receiver lens, a microscope lens, or a telescope lens, the term "first side" as used herein may refer to the object side, and "second side" may refer to the image side (such as the side where a photoelectric sensor or retina is located). That is, light from the object side can, for example, form an image on the image side. A camera lens may be, for example, a vehicle-mounted camera, an infrared camera, a drone camera, a night vision camera, or a security monitoring camera. When the optical lens provided in this application is used as a light-emitting lens such as a projection lens or a lidar transmitter lens, the term "first side" as used herein may refer to the object side, and "second side" may refer to the light source side.

[0019] In some possible implementations, the optical lens provided in this application can also simultaneously perform both light receiving and light transmitting functions. For example, the optical lens provided in this application is used in a lidar system with shared light and light paths, where the optical lens simultaneously performs the functions of emitting laser light and receiving radar echo beams. As another example, the optical lens provided in this application is used in a system integrating optical communication and radar, where the optical lens simultaneously performs the functions of emitting modulated optical signals and receiving radar echo beams.

[0020] In an exemplary embodiment, the first lens has negative optical power, and its first side surface is convex, which helps to converge the light beam and reduce the diameter of the received beam, thereby helping to reduce the size of subsequent lenses and facilitating the miniaturization and cost reduction of the entire system. The second side surface of the first lens is concave, which can reduce the steepness of the edge light path, thereby allowing the light to be incident smoothly into the rear of the system for imaging. This helps to reduce the incident angle of the principal rays in each field of view and improve the imaging quality of the system.

[0021] In an exemplary embodiment, the second lens has positive optical power and its first side surface is convex, which optimizes the light path and balances system compactness and image clarity. If the second side surface of the second lens is concave, it can converge diffused light beams and narrow wide-angle field-of-view rays, ensuring a large field of view while reducing the aperture of subsequent lenses in conjunction with the convex-concave shape of the first lens, thereby achieving system miniaturization and cost reduction. If the second side surface of the second lens is convex, it can efficiently transmit light and initially correct spherical aberration and isometric aberrations.

[0022] In an exemplary embodiment, the third lens has positive optical power, and its first and second sides can be combined using three surface types: convex-concave, convex-convex, and concave-convex to suit system requirements. The convex-concave surface can converge the diverging light rays from the front, thereby adjusting the light path to a relatively smooth state to alleviate the resolving pressure on the rear lens. Simultaneously, by expanding the beam, it allows light rays from each field of view to smoothly enter the subsequent lens, improving the imaging quality of the edge field of view. The convex-convex surface can quickly collect and converge light rays, accelerating the transition of light rays to the rear system, which is beneficial for reducing the system's rear port diameter and achieving miniaturization. The concave-convex surface can smoothly receive the light rays emitted from the second lens, increasing the amount of light entering and softening the steep light path, optimizing the aberration correction effect of the edge field of view, and improving the system's full-field resolving power.

[0023] In an exemplary embodiment, the fourth lens adapts to system requirements through flexible combinations of optical power and surface shape. When the fourth lens has a positive optical power, if it is a convex-convex surface, it can converge the diverging light rays and compensate for the optical power of the first lens, achieving high imaging quality across the entire field of view. If the fourth lens is a concave-convex surface, it can compensate for the optical power and slightly diffuse the light rays converged by the third lens to soften their trajectory. It can also correct edge field aberrations and reduce the aperture of subsequent lenses, thus enabling the system to balance high resolution and miniaturization, thereby reducing costs. If the fourth lens is a convex-concave surface, it can work with the third lens to converge the image and compensate for the optical power, while softening the sharply converged light trajectory to optimize edge field aberrations, improving system luminous flux and resolution. When the fourth lens has a negative optical power, if it is a convex-concave surface, it can soften the incident angle of light, correct field curvature and distortion, and ensure system compactness. If it is a concave-concave surface, it effectively suppresses advanced spherical aberration and second-order chromatic aberration due to its strong divergence capability.

[0024] In an exemplary embodiment, the fifth lens adapts to system requirements through flexible combinations of optical power and surface shape. When the optical power of the fifth lens is positive, if the fifth lens has a convex-convex surface, it can smoothly converge light rays, reducing the resolving pressure on the fourth lens, and effectively correct spherical aberration and aberrations in conjunction with the fourth lens to improve image quality. If the fifth lens has a convex-concave surface, the convex surface of the first side can further reduce the converged light rays, while the concave surface of the second side can soften the rapidly converging light rays, helping the system achieve high resolution. If the fifth lens has a concave-convex surface, the concave surface of the first side can soften the light rays and correct edge field-of-view aberrations, while the convex surface of the second side can compress the light beam to match the imaging chip size, completing the final resolution. When the optical power of the fifth lens is negative, if the fifth lens is convex-concave, it can smoothly connect the outgoing light of the fourth lens and compensate for higher-order aberrations, maintaining system compactness and ensuring uniform image quality on the imaging surface. If the fifth lens is concave-convex, it can accurately cancel the higher-order aberrations such as field curvature and astigmatism left by the preceding optical path due to its "strong first, then gentle" divergence characteristics. At the same time, it can also optimize the light outgoing angle to match the imaging surface, taking into account system compactness.

[0025] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens may further include an aperture stop, which may be disposed, for example, between the second lens and the third lens. It should be understood that the placement of the aperture stop between the second lens and the third lens is merely exemplary, and this application does not impose any specific limitations on it. The aperture stop may be placed in other positions as needed.

[0026] In an exemplary embodiment, the surfaces of the third, fourth, and fifth lenses may have one or more aspherical surfaces to adjust the trajectory of light rays converging on the image plane, thereby better correcting aberrations and improving resolution.

[0027] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens may further include a filter located between the fifth lens and the image plane to filter light of different wavelengths. The optical lens may also, as needed, have a protective glass disposed between the filter and the image plane to prevent damage to internal components (e.g., chips) of the optical lens.

[0028] In an exemplary embodiment, the optical lens may further include a photosensitive element disposed on the second side. Optionally, the photosensitive element disposed on the second side may be a photocoupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal oxide semiconductor device (CMOS).

[0029] In an exemplary embodiment, 53.788 ≤ (FOV×F) / H / 1° ≤ 87.582. Preferably, 63.28 ≤ (FOV×F) / H ≤ 76.158. This design allows for a large field of view under a five-lens architecture while reserving adjustment space for a controllable large distortion design, thus balancing a large field of view and large target distortion.

[0030] In an exemplary embodiment, 5.222 ≤ TTL / F ≤ 9.197. Preferably, 6.142 ≤ TTL / F ≤ 8. This design allows the optical system to remain compact while providing sufficient aberration correction space, thus meeting the dual requirements of medium and large field-of-view devices for size and imaging quality.

[0031] In an exemplary embodiment, 1.44 ≤ TTL / DMAX ≤ 3.148. Preferably, 1.693 ≤ TTL / DMAX ≤ 2.738. This design allows for a more compact overall optical system, contributing to miniaturization.

[0032] In an exemplary embodiment, 0.225 ≤ D / H / F × 1mm ≤ 0.702. Preferably, 0.264 ≤ D / H / F × 1mm ≤ 0.62. This design allows the lens to have a large target surface and small aperture characteristics while maintaining a fixed system focal length.

[0033] In an exemplary embodiment, 0.85 ≤ F / ENPD ≤ 2.3. Preferably, 1 ≤ F / ENPD ≤ 2.1. With this design, when the optical lens is used as a lidar, its aperture number FNO can correspond to the divergence angle of the laser to a certain extent, ensuring that most of the laser light can be effectively emitted from the lens, thereby achieving high light throughput.

[0034] In an exemplary embodiment, 9.246 ≤ R1 / R2 ≤ 21.781. Preferably, 10.877 ≤ R1 / R2 ≤ 18.94. This design allows for a larger radius of curvature on the first side of the first lens and a smaller radius of curvature on the second side of the first lens, which is beneficial for increasing the field of view of the lens, thereby achieving a wide-angle characteristic.

[0035] In an exemplary embodiment, 0.363 ≤ (CT3 + CT4 + CT5) / TTL ≤ 0.599. Preferably, 0.426 ≤ (CT3 + CT4 + CT5) / TTL ≤ 0.521. This design allows the optical lens to provide sufficient mounting space and optical parameter adjustment margin for the third, fourth, and fifth lenses, thereby allowing the surfaces of the third, fourth, and fifth lenses to be designed with specific curvatures to meet the requirements of a large viewing angle. Specifically, the third lens (positive lens) can achieve strong optical power through a larger central thickness, thereby receiving the steep edge light rays diverging from the first lens and preventing them from overflowing; the fourth and fifth lenses can rely on sufficient thickness to compensate for aberrations under a large viewing angle and actively create controllable large distortion, wherein the third lens can balance the central field of view magnification and avoid uncontrolled distortion. The above formula can avoid the insufficient optical power and distortion control capability caused by the insufficient thickness of the third, fourth and fifth lenses, ensuring that the lens can have a wide angle of view and achieve target distortion. It can also avoid the third, fourth and fifth lenses being too thick and squeezing the installation space and optical functional space of the first and second lenses. Ultimately, while ensuring a wide angle of view and large distortion, the system structure is kept compact, which helps to achieve system miniaturization.

[0036] In an exemplary embodiment, 0.841 ≤ |F3 / F4| ≤ 8.583. Preferably, 0.98 ≤ |F3 / F4| ≤ 7.464. This design allows for the coordinated and stable optical power of the third and fourth lenses. When F4 is positive, the two positive lenses, the third and fourth, can perform orderly convergence relay, avoiding overload of a single lens or premature convergence of light. When F4 is negative, the convergence strength of the third lens and the divergence strength of the fourth lens can be balanced through the above relationship. When the convergence strength of the third lens and the divergence strength of the fourth lens are similar, fine-tuning of medium-angle light can be performed; when the convergence strength of the third lens is strong and the divergence strength of the fourth lens is weak, the third lens can narrow the wide field of view light, while the fourth lens can coordinate and control to prevent excessive convergence of light, avoiding optical path disorder caused by the imbalance of convergence and divergence, thus laying a stable foundation for the subsequent correction of light by the fifth lens and imaging of the imaging plane.

[0037] In an exemplary embodiment, -1.988 ≤ F1 / F ≤ -0.877. Preferably, -1.729 ≤ F1 / F ≤ -1.032. This design allows the first lens to receive incident light at a large angle, expanding the field of view of the optical lens, while also helping to reduce the sensitivity of the optical lens and achieve miniaturization of the optical lens design.

[0038] In an exemplary embodiment, 1.667 ≤ F² / F ≤ 85.278. Preferably, 1.96 ≤ F² / F ≤ 74.155. With this design, the second lens with positive optical power can deflect the large field-of-view beam during the second adjustment of the full-field beam, directing it towards the transition lens group, which is beneficial for the system to have a wide-angle field of view.

[0039] In an exemplary embodiment, 2.368 ≤ F3 / F ≤ 30.244. Preferably, 2.786 ≤ F3 / F ≤ 26.3. This design allows for a larger F3, enabling the third lens to adjust the incident angle of the large field-of-view light rays transmitted by the front lens, thereby ensuring that subsequent lenses have a smaller aperture, which helps to reduce system size and material costs. Furthermore, a larger F3 also allows the third lens to perform aberration balance adjustment on the converged large field-of-view light rays, especially coma adjustment for large fields of view, ultimately achieving higher imaging quality for the system.

[0040] In an exemplary embodiment, -3.237 ≤ F4 / F ≤ 5.99. Preferably, -2.815 ≤ F4 / F ≤ 5.209. With this design, when the optical power of the fourth lens is negative, the fourth lens can enhance the correction of higher-order aberrations (such as higher-order field curvature and astigmatism), offsetting the aberration accumulation caused by the lens combination in the fixed optical path; when the optical power of the fourth lens is positive, it can assist in fine-tuning axial chromatic aberration and spherical aberration, avoiding new aberrations caused by over-correction, and ensuring the stability of imaging quality under fixed specifications.

[0041] In an exemplary embodiment, 2.135 ≤ |F4 / F| ≤ 5.99. Preferably, 2.512 ≤ |F4 / F| ≤ 5.209. This allows for control over the absolute intensity of the relative optical power of the fourth lens, ensuring that the fourth lens's aberration correction is effective and controllable, while stabilizing the distribution of the system's optical power, achieving a balance between system compactness and imaging performance.

[0042] In an exemplary embodiment, 1.585 ≤ |F5 / F| ≤ 50.398. Preferably, 1.865 ≤ |F5 / F| ≤ 43.825. By controlling the relative optical power of the fifth lens, the fifth lens can flexibly and finely adjust or effectively compensate for the aberrations remaining in the preceding optical path, thereby maintaining the stability of the system's optical power distribution.

[0043] In an exemplary embodiment, 10.869 ≤ R1 / F ≤ 23.097, 0.732 ≤ R2 / F ≤ 1.524. Preferably, 12.787 ≤ R1 / F ≤ 20.085, 0.861 ≤ R2 / F ≤ 1.325. This design allows for a larger R1 and a smaller R2, which on the one hand increases the incident angle of the incident light and achieves wide-angle characteristics, and on the other hand controls the light path, better optimizing the distortion of the infrared lens while satisfying the large field of view, thereby improving image quality.

[0044] In an exemplary embodiment, 1.22 ≤ R³ / F ≤ 9.594. Preferably, 1.435 ≤ R³ / F ≤ 8.343. This design allows the first side of the second lens to slightly converge the beam diffused by the first lens, which improves image quality and allows for a smaller aperture of subsequent lenses, thereby achieving miniaturization and cost reduction.

[0045] In an exemplary embodiment, 2.277 ≤ (CT3 + CT4 + CT5) / F ≤ 4.383. Preferably, 2.678 ≤ (CT3 + CT4 + CT5) / F ≤ 3.812. This design increases the optical path length of the object-side light, enabling optical path folding within a limited space, thereby compressing the overall system size and improving compactness. Simultaneously, a reasonable thickness ratio of the thick lens group enhances the nonlinear effect of optical path imaging. Especially when the aperture stop is located in front of the third lens, it can limit the aperture diameter, preventing excessive light divergence that could lead to subsequent lens size expansion, further contributing to system compactness. It also strengthens the refractive asymmetry before and after the aperture stop; this asymmetry increases distortion, thus helping the system achieve a large field of view.

[0046] In an exemplary embodiment, 0.521 ≤ CT3 / F3 + CT4 / F4 + CT5 / F5 ≤ 1.163. Preferably, 0.612 ≤ CT3 / F3 + CT4 / F4 + CT5 / F5 ≤ 1.011. This effectively controls lens distortion, thereby achieving a wide angle of view and high image quality while further reducing the lens length, which is beneficial for miniaturization.

[0047] In an exemplary embodiment, 1.397 ≤ (CT1 - SGA1 + SAG2) / CT1 ≤ 4.119. Preferably, 1.643 ≤ (CT1 - SGA1 + SAG2) / CT1 ≤ 3.582. This avoids both excessive light divergence caused by excessive curvature of the first lens and insufficient field of view widening caused by insufficient curvature of the first lens, thereby ensuring stable divergence of incident light by the first lens and laying the foundation for the subsequent convergence of light by the second and third lenses.

[0048] In an exemplary embodiment, 0.588 ≤ BFL / F ≤ 1.683. Preferably, 0.691 ≤ BFL / F ≤ 1.464. If the BFL is too short, the angle of incidence of light is too large, which can easily cause astigmatism, blurred edge image quality, or sensor glare. If the BFL is too long, the angle of incidence of light is too small, which can easily lead to uneven brightness between the center and the edge or waste of optical space. By controlling the BFL through the above relationship, it is ultimately ensured that the light in the entire field of view is clearly focused on the imaging surface, and that color and brightness consistency meet the standards.

[0049] In an exemplary embodiment, 0.151 ≤ F2 / F3 ≤ 18.104. Preferably, 0.177 ≤ F2 / F3 ≤ 15.743. This allows for flexible adjustment of the optical power ratio between the second and third lenses, precise allocation of the principal optical power of this bipositive lens combination, and fine correction of spherical aberration and chromatic aberration, maintaining the system's optical power balance and structural compactness.

[0050] In an exemplary embodiment, 0.17 ≤ CT1 / CT2 ≤ 2.124. Preferably, 0.19 ≤ CT1 / CT2 ≤ 1.848. By controlling CT1 / CT2, the aberrations of the optical system can be flexibly adjusted, ensuring system stability.

[0051] In an exemplary embodiment, 0.126 ≤ φ45 / φ ≤ 0.661. Preferably, 0.148 ≤ φ45 / φ ≤ 0.575. This allows control over the optical power contribution ratio of the fourth and fifth lenses in the entire system, ensuring that the aberration correction and optical path orientation adjustment effects of the fourth and fifth lenses on the preceding optical path are controllable, and meeting the requirements for compact assembly without disrupting the system's optical power distribution balance.

[0052] In an exemplary embodiment, 0.761 ≤ (T12 + T23) / F ≤ 2.39. Preferably, 0.895 ≤ (T12 + T23) / F ≤ 2.078. This design provides sufficient and suitable propagation space for the diverging light rays from the first lens, helping the light rays to find their correct direction. The light rays can then smoothly propagate to the second and third lenses and converge in an orderly manner, thereby avoiding light escape, excessive compression, or refracted disorder.

[0053] In an exemplary embodiment, 0.639 ≤ (H / 2) / (F×θ / 2) ≤ 1.041. Preferably, 0.752 ≤ (H / 2) / (F×θ / 2) ≤ 0.906. This limits the ratio between the actual half-height of the system image and the ideal distortion-free theoretical half-height, thereby precisely controlling the degree of distortion while achieving large distortion, ensuring that large distortion is controllable and usable, and avoiding exceeding the image quality and visual requirements of the application scenario.

[0054] In an exemplary embodiment, 22.645 ≤ FOV / F / 1°×1mm ≤ 63.818. Preferably, 26.641 ≤ FOV / F / 1°×1mm ≤ 55.494. This provides the necessary optical conditions for achieving large distortion while precisely constraining the degree of distortion, ensuring that large distortion is controllable and meets the requirements of the scenario.

[0055] In an exemplary embodiment, 2.135 ≤ F4 / F ≤ 5.99. Preferably, 2.512 ≤ F4 / F ≤ 5.209. This ensures that the fourth lens has a positive optical power, allowing it to receive the light rays converged by the third lens and smoothly converge them. This not only avoids the deterioration of central field-of-view spherical aberration caused by the third lens bearing excessive optical power alone, but also avoids premature focusing of light rays caused by excessive optical power of the fourth lens, ensuring that the light rays advance towards the imaging plane in an orderly rhythm. Furthermore, a positive optical power for the fourth lens can also assist in fine-tuning axial chromatic aberration and spherical aberration, avoiding new aberrations caused by overcorrection and ensuring the stability of image quality under fixed specifications.

[0056] In an exemplary embodiment, 0.282 ≤ φ45 / φ ≤ 0.661. Preferably, 0.331 ≤ φ45 / φ ≤ 0.575. This allows control over the optical power contribution ratio of the fourth and fifth lenses in the entire system, ensuring that the aberration correction and optical path orientation adjustment effects of the fourth and fifth lenses on the preceding optical path are controllable, and meeting the requirements for compact assembly without disrupting the system's optical power distribution balance.

[0057] In an exemplary embodiment, 1.585 ≤ F5 / F ≤ 10.575. Preferably, 1.865 ≤ F5 / F ≤ 9.197. By controlling F5 to be positive and satisfying the above relationship, the fifth lens can act as a weak auxiliary to precisely connect with the preceding lens and perform positive and negative compensation for the optical power of the preceding lens, thereby stabilizing the total optical power of the system. After the fourth lens converges and smooths the edge light path, the fifth lens finally performs fine convergence of the light, thereby ensuring light throughput and focusing accuracy. The fifth lens can help correct residual aberrations at the edge of the field of view, and together with the third and fourth lenses, achieve high resolution across the entire field of view. The fifth lens can adapt to the function of the fourth lens in reducing the beam size by reducing its own aperture, thereby helping to reduce costs and achieve system miniaturization.

[0058] In an exemplary embodiment, -50.398 ≤ F5 / F ≤ -23.27. Preferably, -43.825 ≤ F5 / F ≤ -27.375. By controlling F5 to be negative and satisfying the above relationship, the fifth lens can smoothly connect with the light emitted from the fourth lens, avoiding abrupt changes in light transmission with a strong-then-gentle divergence characteristic, and accurately compensating for high-order aberrations remaining in the preceding optical path. The negative optical power design of the fifth lens can optimize the light emission angle, ensuring that the light adapts to the receiving requirements of the imaging surface and guaranteeing uniform image quality. Through the above relationship, the fifth lens can avoid abnormal volume due to excessively strong or weak negative optical power, which is beneficial to maintaining the overall compactness of the system structure, ultimately achieving a synergistic effect of "optical path connection - aberration compensation - image quality assurance - compactness balance".

[0059] Wherein, FOV is the maximum field of view of the optical lens, F is the focal length of the optical lens, H is the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, TTL is the total optical length of the optical lens, BFL is the optical back focal length of the optical lens, DMAX is the maximum value of the aperture corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens on the first and second sides of all lenses in the optical lens, D is the aperture corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens on the first side of the first lens, ENPD is the entrance pupil diameter of the optical lens, φ is the optical power of the optical lens, φ45 is the combined optical power of the fourth and fifth lenses, θ is the radian value corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens; R1 is the central radius of curvature of the first side of the first lens, and R2 is the radius of curvature of the second side of the first lens. The central radius of curvature, R3 is the central radius of curvature of the first side surface of the second lens; CT1 is the central thickness of the first lens; T12 is the distance between the second side surface of the first lens and the first side surface of the second lens on the optical axis; CT2 is the central thickness of the second lens; T23 is the distance between the second side surface of the second lens and the first side surface of the third lens on the optical axis; CT3 is the central thickness of the third lens; CT4 is the central thickness of the fourth lens; CT5 is the central thickness of the fifth lens; SGA1 is the sagitta of the first side surface of the first lens; SAG2 is the sagitta of the second side surface of the first lens; F1 is the focal length of the first lens; F2 is the focal length of the second lens; F3 is the focal length of the third lens; F4 is the focal length of the fourth lens; F5 is the focal length of the fifth lens.

[0060] The optical lens according to the above embodiments of this application can employ multiple lenses, such as the five lenses mentioned above. By rationally allocating the optical parameters of each lens, the optical lens achieves small aperture, miniaturization, high resolution, low sensitivity, large field of view, and high illumination, and can be well matched with, for example, automotive chips. Therefore, the optical lens according to the above embodiments of this application can better meet the requirements of, for example, automotive applications.

[0061] Those skilled in the art should understand that the total optical length (TTL) of the optical lens used above refers to the on-axis distance from the first side of the first lens to the imaging plane or the image source plane; the back focal length (BFL) of the optical lens refers to the on-axis distance from the second side of the fifth lens to the imaging plane or the image source plane; and the maximum field of view (FOV) of the optical lens is related to the image height (H), which refers to the field of view corresponding to the image height (H).

[0062] However, those skilled in the art will understand that the number of lenses constituting the optical lens can be changed without departing from the technical solutions claimed in this application to obtain the various results and advantages described in this specification. For example, although five lenses are described as an example in the embodiments, the optical lens is not limited to including five lenses. If necessary, the optical lens may also include other numbers of lenses. In all embodiments of this application, the modulation transfer function curve decreases uniformly and smoothly from the center to the edge of the field of view in the range of 0 lp / mm to 17 lp / mm, exhibiting good imaging quality and good detail resolution at both low and high frequencies. Specific embodiments of the optical lens applicable to the above embodiments are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] The following is for reference Figure 1 The optical lens of Embodiment 1 is described, which includes, sequentially from the first side to the second side along the optical axis: a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, and a fifth lens L5. An aperture stop STO may be disposed between the second lens L2 and the third lens L3. The first lens L1 has negative optical power, its first side surface S1 is convex, and its second side surface S2 is concave. The second lens L2 has positive optical power, its first side surface S3 is convex, and its second side surface S4 is concave. The third lens L3 has positive optical power, its first side surface S6 is convex, and its second side surface S7 is convex. The fourth lens L4 has positive optical power, its first side surface S8 is convex, and its second side surface S9 is convex. The fifth lens L5 has positive optical power, its first side surface S10 is concave, and its second side surface S11 is convex. An image plane (IMA) is provided on the second side of the optical lens. When the IMA is the imaging plane, light from the object passes through each surface in sequence and is finally imaged onto the IMA. When the IMA is the image source plane, light from the IMA passes through each surface in sequence and is finally projected onto the object.

[0065] Table 1 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens in this embodiment.

[0066] Table 1

[0067]

[0068] In this embodiment, the first side surface S8 of the fourth lens L4, the second side surface S9 of the fourth lens L4, the first side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5, and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces. The surface shape of each aspherical surface can be defined using, but is not limited to, the following aspherical surface formula:

[0069] ;

[0070] Where x is the distance vector from the vertex of the aspherical surface at a height h along the optical axis; c is the paraxial curvature of the aspherical surface, c = 1 / R (i.e., the paraxial curvature c is the reciprocal of the radius of curvature R in Table 1); k is the conic coefficient; Ai is the i-th order correction coefficient of the aspherical surface. Table 2 gives the conic coefficient k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, and A12 that can be used for the aspherical surfaces S8, S9, S10, and S11 in this embodiment.

[0071] Table 2

[0072]

[0073] like Figure 16 As shown, the OTF coefficient of this embodiment is above 0.7 throughout the entire field of view. In the range of 0 lp / mm to 25 lp / mm, the curve decreases smoothly and evenly from the center to the edge of the field of view. It has good imaging quality and good detail resolution in both low and high frequency conditions.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] The following is for reference Figure 2 The optical lens of Embodiment 2 is described below. Compared with the optical lens of Embodiment 1, the main differences are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the first side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is provided with at least one inflection point; the second side surface S7 of the third lens L3 is concave; the first side surface S8 of the fourth lens L4 is concave; and the first side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is convex. Table 3 shows the basic parameter table of the optical lens of this embodiment.

[0076] Table 3

[0077]

[0078] In this embodiment, the first side surface S6 of the third lens L3, the second side surface S7 of the third lens L3, the first side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5, and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces. Table 4 shows the conic coefficient k and the higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, and A14 of each aspherical surface S6, S7, S10, and S11 that can be used in this embodiment.

[0079] Table 4

[0080]

[0081] In this embodiment, the OTF coefficient is above 0.4 throughout the entire field of view. Within the range of 0 lp / mm to 25 lp / mm, the curve decreases smoothly and evenly from the center to the edge of the field of view, exhibiting good imaging quality and good detail resolution in both low and high frequency conditions.

[0082] Example 3

[0083] The following is for reference Figure 3 The optical lens of Embodiment 3 is described below. Compared with the optical lens of Embodiment 1, the main differences are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the first side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is concave; the first side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is convex; and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 is concave. Table 5 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of this embodiment.

[0084] Table 5

[0085]

[0086] In this embodiment, both the first side surface S10 and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 are aspherical surfaces. Table 6 shows the conic coefficient k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, and A12 of each aspherical surface S10 and S11 that can be used in this embodiment.

[0087] Table 6

[0088]

[0089] like Figure 17 As shown, the OTF coefficient of this embodiment is above 0.5 throughout the entire field of view. In the range of 0 lp / mm to 25 lp / mm, the curve decreases smoothly and evenly from the center to the edge of the field of view. It has good imaging quality and good detail resolution in both low and high frequency conditions.

[0090] Example 4

[0091] The following is for reference Figure 4 The optical lens of Embodiment 4 is described. Compared with the optical lens of Embodiment 1, the main differences are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the first side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is concave; the first side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is convex; and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 is concave. Table 7 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of this embodiment.

[0092] Table 7

[0093]

[0094] In this embodiment, both the first side surface S10 and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 are aspherical surfaces. Table 8 shows the conic coefficient k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, and A12 of each aspherical surface S10 and S11 that can be used in this embodiment.

[0095] Table 8

[0096]

[0097] In this embodiment, the OTF coefficient is above 0.6 throughout the entire field of view. Within the range of 0 lp / mm to 25 lp / mm, the curve decreases smoothly and evenly from the center to the edge of the field of view, exhibiting good imaging quality and good detail resolution in both low and high frequency conditions.

[0098] Example 5

[0099] The following is for reference Figure 5 The optical lens of Embodiment 5 is described. Compared with the optical lens of Embodiment 1, the main differences are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the first side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is concave; the first side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is convex; and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 is concave. Table 9 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of this embodiment.

[0100] Table 9

[0101]

[0102] In this embodiment, both the first side surface S10 and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 are aspherical surfaces. Table 10 shows the conic coefficient k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, and A12 of each aspherical surface S10 and S11 that can be used in this embodiment.

[0103] Table 10

[0104]

[0105] In this embodiment, the OTF coefficient is above 0.6 throughout the entire field of view. Within the range of 0 lp / mm to 25 lp / mm, the curve decreases smoothly and evenly from the center to the edge of the field of view, exhibiting good imaging quality and good detail resolution in both low and high frequency conditions.

[0106] Example 6

[0107] The following is for reference Figure 6The optical lens of Embodiment 6 is described. Compared with the optical lens of Embodiment 1, the main differences are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the first side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is concave; the first side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is convex; and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 is concave. Table 11 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of this embodiment.

[0108] Table 11

[0109]

[0110] In this embodiment, both the first side surface S10 and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 are aspherical surfaces. Table 12 shows the conic coefficient k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, and A12 of each aspherical surface S10 and S11 that can be used in this embodiment.

[0111] Table 12

[0112]

[0113] In this embodiment, the OTF coefficient is above 0.6 throughout the entire field of view. Within the range of 0 lp / mm to 25 lp / mm, the curve decreases smoothly and evenly from the center to the edge of the field of view, exhibiting good imaging quality and good detail resolution in both low and high frequency conditions.

[0114] Example 7

[0115] The following is for reference Figure 7 The optical lens of Embodiment 7 is described below. Compared with the optical lens of Embodiment 1, the main differences are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the first side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is concave; the second side surface S9 of the fourth lens L4 is concave; the first side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is convex; and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 is concave. Table 13 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of this embodiment.

[0116] Table 13

[0117]

[0118] In this embodiment, both the first side surface S10 and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 are aspherical surfaces. Table 14 shows the conic coefficient k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, and A12 of each aspherical surface S10 and S11 that can be used in this embodiment.

[0119] Table 14

[0120]

[0121] In this embodiment, the OTF coefficient is above 0.6 throughout the entire field of view. Within the range of 0 lp / mm to 25 lp / mm, the curve decreases smoothly and evenly from the center to the edge of the field of view, exhibiting good imaging quality and good detail resolution in both low and high frequency conditions.

[0122] Example 8

[0123] The following is for reference Figure 8 The optical lens of Embodiment 8 is described. Compared with the optical lens of Embodiment 1, the main differences are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2 is convex; the first side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is concave; the first side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is provided with at least one inflection point, and the fifth lens L5 has negative optical power; the first side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is convex; the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 is concave. Table 15 shows the basic parameter table of the optical lens of this embodiment.

[0124] Table 15

[0125]

[0126] In this embodiment, both the first side surface S10 and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 are aspherical surfaces. Table 16 shows the conic coefficient k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, and A12 of each aspherical surface S10 and S11 that can be used in this embodiment.

[0127] Table 16

[0128]

[0129] In this embodiment, the OTF coefficient is above 0.4 throughout the entire field of view. Within the range of 0 lp / mm to 25 lp / mm, the curve decreases smoothly and evenly from the center to the edge of the field of view, exhibiting good imaging quality and good detail resolution in both low and high frequency conditions.

[0130] Example 9

[0131] The following is for reference Figure 9The optical lens of Embodiment 9 is described. Compared with the optical lens of Embodiment 1, the main differences are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2 is convex; the first side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is concave; the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 is provided with at least one inflection point, and the fifth lens L5 has negative optical power. Table 17 shows the basic parameter table of the optical lens of this embodiment.

[0132] Table 17

[0133]

[0134] In this embodiment, both the first side surface S10 and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 are aspherical surfaces. Table 18 shows the conic coefficient k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, and A12 of each aspherical surface S10 and S11 that can be used in this embodiment.

[0135] Table 18

[0136]

[0137] In this embodiment, the OTF coefficient is above 0.4 throughout the entire field of view. Within the range of 0 lp / mm to 25 lp / mm, the curve decreases smoothly and evenly from the center to the edge of the field of view, exhibiting good imaging quality and good detail resolution in both low and high frequency conditions.

[0138] Example 10

[0139] The following is for reference Figure 10 The optical lens of Embodiment 10 is described. Compared with the optical lens of Embodiment 1, the main differences are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2 is convex; the first side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is concave; the fourth lens L4 has negative optical power; the second side surface S9 of the fourth lens L4 is concave; and the first side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is convex. Table 19 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of this embodiment.

[0140] Table 19

[0141]

[0142] In this embodiment, both the first side surface S10 and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 are aspherical surfaces. Table 20 provides the conic coefficient k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, and A12 for each aspherical surface S10 and S11 that can be used in this embodiment.

[0143] Table 20

[0144]

[0145] In this embodiment, the OTF coefficient is above 0.4 throughout the entire field of view. Within the range of 0 lp / mm to 25 lp / mm, the curve decreases smoothly and evenly from the center to the edge of the field of view, exhibiting good imaging quality and good detail resolution in both low and high frequency conditions.

[0146] Example 11

[0147] The following is for reference Figure 11 The optical lens of Embodiment 11 is described. Compared with the optical lens of Embodiment 1, the main differences are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2 is convex; the first side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is concave; the fourth lens L4 has negative optical power; the first side surface S8 of the fourth lens L4 is concave; the second side surface S9 of the fourth lens L4 is concave; the first side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is convex; and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 is concave. Table 21 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of this embodiment.

[0148] Table 21

[0149]

[0150] In this embodiment, both the first side surface S10 and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 are aspherical surfaces. Table 22 shows the conic coefficient k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, and A12 of each aspherical surface S10 and S11 that can be used in this embodiment.

[0151] Table 22

[0152]

[0153] In this embodiment, the OTF coefficient is above 0.4 throughout the entire field of view. Within the range of 0 lp / mm to 25 lp / mm, the curve decreases smoothly and evenly from the center to the edge of the field of view, exhibiting good imaging quality and good detail resolution in both low and high frequency conditions.

[0154] Example 12

[0155] The following is for reference Figure 12The optical lens of Embodiment 12 is described. Compared with the optical lens of Embodiment 1, the main differences are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 is provided with at least one inflection point. Table 23 shows the basic parameter table of the optical lens of this embodiment.

[0156] Table 23

[0157]

[0158] In this embodiment, the first side surface S8 of the fourth lens L4, the second side surface S9 of the fourth lens L4, the first side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5, and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 are all aspherical surfaces. Table 24 shows the conic coefficient k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, and A12 of each aspherical surface S8, S9, S10, and S11 that can be used in this embodiment.

[0159] Table 24

[0160]

[0161] In this embodiment, the OTF coefficient is above 0.6 throughout the entire field of view. Within the range of 0 lp / mm to 25 lp / mm, the curve decreases smoothly and evenly from the center to the edge of the field of view, exhibiting good imaging quality and good detail resolution in both low and high frequency conditions.

[0162] Example 13

[0163] The following is for reference Figure 13 The optical lens of Embodiment 13 is described. Compared with the optical lens of Embodiment 1, the main differences are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the first side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is concave; the second side surface S9 of the fourth lens L4 is concave; the first side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is convex; and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 is concave. Table 25 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of this embodiment.

[0164] Table 25

[0165]

[0166] In this embodiment, both the first side surface S10 and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 are aspherical surfaces. Table 26 provides the conic coefficient k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, and A12 for each aspherical surface S10 and S11 that can be used in this embodiment.

[0167] Table 26

[0168]

[0169] In this embodiment, the OTF coefficient is above 0.6 throughout the entire field of view. Within the range of 0 lp / mm to 25 lp / mm, the curve decreases smoothly and evenly from the center to the edge of the field of view, exhibiting good imaging quality and good detail resolution in both low and high frequency conditions.

[0170] Example 14

[0171] The following is for reference Figure 14 The optical lens of Embodiment 14 is described. Compared with the optical lens of Embodiment 1, the main differences are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the second side surface S4 of the second lens L2 is convex; the first side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is concave; the first side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is convex; and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 is concave. Table 27 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of this embodiment.

[0172] Table 27

[0173]

[0174] In this embodiment, both the first side surface S10 and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 are aspherical surfaces. Table 28 provides the conic coefficient k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, and A12 for each aspherical surface S10 and S11 that can be used in this embodiment.

[0175] Table 28

[0176]

[0177] In this embodiment, the OTF coefficient is above 0.4 throughout the entire field of view. Within the range of 0 lp / mm to 17 lp / mm, the curve decreases smoothly and evenly from the center to the edge of the field of view, exhibiting good imaging quality and good detail resolution in both low and high frequency conditions.

[0178] Example 15

[0179] The following is for reference Figure 15 The optical lens of Embodiment 15 is described. Compared with the optical lens of Embodiment 1, the main differences are: the optical parameters such as the radius of curvature and lens thickness of each lens surface are different; the first side surface S6 of the third lens L3 is concave; the fifth lens L5 has negative optical power; the first side surface S10 of the fifth lens L5 is convex; and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 is concave. Table 29 shows the basic parameters of the optical lens of this embodiment.

[0180] Table 29

[0181]

[0182] In this embodiment, both the first side surface S10 and the second side surface S11 of the fifth lens L5 are aspherical surfaces. Table 30 provides the conic coefficient k and higher-order coefficients A4, A6, A8, A10, and A12 for each aspherical surface S10 and S11 that can be used in this embodiment.

[0183] Table 30

[0184]

[0185] In this embodiment, the OTF coefficient is above 0.5 throughout the entire field of view. Within the range of 0 lp / mm to 25 lp / mm, the curve decreases smoothly and evenly from the center to the edge of the field of view, exhibiting good imaging quality and good detail resolution in both low and high frequency conditions.

[0186] Tables 31-1 and 31-2 provide the basic parameters of the optical lenses in Examples 1-15. In the tables, E1-E15 represent Examples 1-15 respectively, and the parameters φ and φ45 are in mm. -1 The unit of FOV is °, the unit of θ is rad, and the units of other parameters are mm.

[0187] Table 31-1

[0188]

[0189] Table 31-2

[0190]

[0191] In summary, the conditional expressions of each embodiment in Examples 1-15 satisfy the relationships shown in Tables 32-1 and 32-2.

[0192] Table 32-1

[0193]

[0194] Table 32-2

[0195]

[0196] This application also provides an electronic device including an optical lens as described in the exemplary embodiments above and an imaging element for converting an optical image formed by the optical lens into an electrical signal. The imaging element is disposed on a second side of the optical lens, for example, on an imaging surface, and may be, for example, a photosensitive coupling element (CCD) or a complementary metal oxide semiconductor element (CMOS). Light from the first side is imaged on the second side after passing through the optical lens.

[0197] This application also provides an electronic device including an optical lens and a light source as described in the exemplary embodiments above, with the light source located on a second side of the optical lens. Light emitted from the light source is projected onto a first side of the optical lens after passing through it, forming an image or illuminating an area on the first side.

[0198] This application also provides an electronic device, including a first device and a second device. The first device may be, for example, a lidar transmitter, and the second device may be, for example, a lidar receiver. The first device may include an optical lens and a light source as described in the exemplary embodiments above. The light source is located on the second side of the optical lens, and the light emitted by the light source is projected onto the first side of the optical lens after passing through the optical lens, forming an image or illuminating an area on the first side. The second device may include an optical lens as described in the exemplary embodiments above and an imaging element for converting the optical image formed by the optical lens into an electrical signal. The imaging element is disposed on the second side of the optical lens (e.g., disposed on an imaging surface), and the imaging element may be, for example, a photocoupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal oxide semiconductor device (CMOS). The light from the first side is imaged on the second side after passing through the optical lens.

[0199] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. An optical lens, characterized in that, Along the optical axis, from the first side to the second side, the following are included in sequence: A first lens with negative optical power, wherein the first side surface of the first lens is convex and the second side surface of the first lens is concave; A second lens having positive optical power, wherein the first side surface of the second lens is convex. A third lens having positive optical power, wherein at least one of the first side surface and the second side surface of the third lens is a convex surface; A fourth lens with optical power; A fifth lens having optical power, wherein at least one of the first side surface and the second side surface of the fifth lens is a convex surface; The optical lens has five lenses with optical power, and at least one of the fourth lens and the fifth lens has positive optical power; The optical lens satisfies the following conditions: 0.521≤CT3 / F3+CT4 / F4+CT5 / F5≤1.163, 0.841≤|F3 / F4|≤8.583 and 0.363≤(CT3+CT4+CT5) / TTL≤0.599; Wherein, TTL is the total optical length of the optical lens, F3 is the focal length of the third lens, F4 is the focal length of the fourth lens, F5 is the focal length of the fifth lens, CT3 is the center thickness of the third lens, CT4 is the center thickness of the fourth lens, and CT5 is the center thickness of the fifth lens.

2. The optical lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second side surface of the second lens is either convex or concave. The first side surface of the third lens is convex, and the second side surface of the third lens is convex; or... The first side surface of the third lens is convex, and the second side surface of the third lens is concave; or... The first side surface of the third lens is concave, and the second side surface of the third lens is convex; or... The first side surface of the fourth lens is convex, and the second side surface of the fourth lens is convex; or... The first side surface of the fourth lens is convex, and the second side surface of the fourth lens is concave; or, The first side surface of the fourth lens is concave, and the second side surface of the fourth lens is convex; or... The first side surface of the fourth lens is concave, and the second side surface of the fourth lens is concave; or, The first side surface of the fifth lens is convex, and the second side surface of the fifth lens is convex; or... The first side surface of the fifth lens is convex, and the second side surface of the fifth lens is concave; or, The first side surface of the fifth lens is concave, and the second side surface of the fifth lens is convex.

3. The optical lens according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies at least one of the following relationships: 2.277≤(CT3+CT4+CT5) / F≤4.383; Wherein, CT3 is the center thickness of the third lens, CT4 is the center thickness of the fourth lens, CT5 is the center thickness of the fifth lens, and F is the focal length of the optical lens.

4. The optical lens according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies at least one of the following relationships: 53.788≤(FOV×F) / H / 1°≤87.582, 0.639≤(H / 2) / (F×θ / 2)≤1.041 and 22.645≤FOV / F / 1°×1mm≤63.818; Wherein, FOV is the maximum field of view of the optical lens, F is the focal length of the optical lens, H is the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and θ is the radian value corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens.

5. The optical lens according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies at least one of the following relationships: 5.222≤TTL / F≤9.197, 1.44≤TTL / DMAX≤3.148, 0.225≤D / H / F×1mm≤0.702, and 0.85≤F / ENPD≤2.3; Wherein, TTL is the total optical length of the optical lens, F is the focal length of the optical lens, DMAX is the maximum value of the aperture corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens on the first and second sides of all lenses in the optical lens, D is the aperture corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens on the first side of the first lens, F is the focal length of the optical lens, H is the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, and ENPD is the entrance pupil diameter of the optical lens.

6. The optical lens according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies at least one of the following relationships: 9.246≤R1 / R2≤21.781, 10.869≤R1 / F≤23.097, 0.732≤R2 / F≤1.524, and 1.22≤R3 / F≤9.594; Wherein, R1 is the center radius of curvature of the first side surface of the first lens, R2 is the center radius of curvature of the second side surface of the first lens, R3 is the center radius of curvature of the first side surface of the second lens, and F is the focal length of the optical lens.

7. The optical lens according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies the following condition: -1.988 ≤ F1 / F ≤ -0.877; Wherein, F is the focal length of the optical lens, and F1 is the focal length of the first lens.

8. The optical lens according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies at least one of the following relationships: 1.667≤F2 / F≤85.278, 2.368≤F3 / F≤30.244, and 0.151≤F2 / F3≤18.104; Wherein, F is the focal length of the optical lens, F2 is the focal length of the second lens, and F3 is the focal length of the third lens.

9. The optical lens according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies the following relationship: -3.237≤F4 / F≤5.99; Wherein, F is the focal length of the optical lens, and F4 is the focal length of the fourth lens.

10. The optical lens according to claim 9, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies the following conditions: 2.135≤F4 / F≤5.

99.

11. The optical lens according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies: 1.585≤|F5 / F|≤50.398; Wherein, F is the focal length of the optical lens, and F5 is the focal length of the fifth lens.

12. The optical lens according to claim 11, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies: 1.585≤F5 / F≤10.575 or -50.398≤F5 / F≤-23.

27.

13. The optical lens according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies: 1.397≤(CT1-SGA1+SAG2) / CT1≤4.119; Wherein, CT1 is the center thickness of the first lens, SGA1 is the sagitta of the first side surface of the first lens, and SAG2 is the sagitta of the second side surface of the first lens.

14. The optical lens according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies at least one of the following relationships: 0.588≤BFL / F≤1.683, 0.17≤CT1 / CT2≤2.124 and 0.761≤(T12+T23) / F≤2.39; Wherein, BFL is the optical back focal length of the optical lens, F is the focal length of the optical lens, CT1 is the center thickness of the first lens, T12 is the distance between the second side surface of the first lens and the first side surface of the second lens on the optical axis, CT2 is the center thickness of the second lens, and T23 is the distance between the second side surface of the second lens and the first side surface of the third lens on the optical axis.

15. The optical lens according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies the following conditions: 0.126≤φ45 / φ≤0.661; Wherein, φ45 is the combined optical power of the fourth lens and the fifth lens, and φ is the optical power of the optical lens.

16. The optical lens according to claim 15, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies the following conditions: 0.282≤φ45 / φ≤0.

661.

17. The optical lens according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The optical lens satisfies at least one of the following relationships: 63.28≤(FOV×F) / H / 1°≤76.158, 6.142≤TTL / F≤8, 1.693≤TTL / DMAX≤2.738, 0.264≤D / H / F×1mm≤0.62, 1≤F / ENPD≤2.1, 10.877≤R1 / R2≤18.94, 0.426≤(CT3+CT4+CT5) / TTL≤0.521, 0.98≤|F3 / F4|≤7.464, -1.729≤F1 / F≤-1.032, 1.96≤F2 / F≤74.155, 2.786≤F3 / F≤26.

3. -2.815≤F4 / F≤5.209, 2.512≤|F4 / F|≤5.209, 1.865≤|F5 / F|≤43.825, 12.787≤R1 / F≤20.085, 0.861≤R2 / F≤1.325, 1.435≤R3 / F≤8.343, 2.678≤(CT3+CT4+CT5) / F≤3.812, 0.612≤CT3 / F3+CT4 / F4+CT5 / F5≤1.011, 1.643≤(CT1-SGA1+SAG2) / CT1≤3.582, 0. 691≤BFL / F≤1.464, 0.177≤F2 / F3≤15.743, 0.19≤CT1 / CT2≤1.848, 0.148≤φ45 / φ≤0.575, 0.895≤(T12+T23) / F≤2.078, 0.752≤(H / 2) / (F×θ / 2)≤0.906, 26.641≤FOV / F / 1°×1mm≤55.494, 0.331≤φ45 / φ≤0.575, 1.865≤F5 / F≤9.197 and -43.825≤F5 / F≤-27.375; Wherein, FOV is the maximum field of view of the optical lens, F is the focal length of the optical lens, H is the image height corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens, TTL is the total optical length of the optical lens, BFL is the optical back focal length of the optical lens, DMAX is the maximum value of the aperture corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens on the first and second sides of all lenses in the optical lens, D is the aperture corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens on the first side of the first lens, ENPD is the entrance pupil diameter of the optical lens, φ is the optical power of the optical lens, φ45 is the combined optical power of the fourth lens and the fifth lens, and θ is the radian value corresponding to the maximum field of view of the optical lens. R1 is the center radius of curvature of the first side surface of the first lens, R2 is the center radius of curvature of the second side surface of the first lens, and R3 is the center radius of curvature of the first side surface of the second lens. CT1 is the center thickness of the first lens, T12 is the distance between the second side surface of the first lens and the first side surface of the second lens on the optical axis, CT2 is the center thickness of the second lens, T23 is the distance between the second side surface of the second lens and the first side surface of the third lens on the optical axis, CT3 is the center thickness of the third lens, CT4 is the center thickness of the fourth lens, and CT5 is the center thickness of the fifth lens. SGA1 is the sagitta of the first side surface of the first lens, SAG2 is the sagitta of the second side surface of the first lens; F1 is the focal length of the first lens, F2 is the focal length of the second lens, F3 is the focal length of the third lens, F4 is the focal length of the fourth lens, and F5 is the focal length of the fifth lens.

18. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 17; as well as At least one of an imaging element and a light source; The imaging element is used to convert the optical image or optical information formed by the optical lens into an electrical signal; The light source is located on the second side of the optical lens. The light emitted by the light source is projected onto the first side of the optical lens after passing through the optical lens, and forms an image or illuminated area on the first side of the optical lens.

Images