A device for quickly cleaning periapical lesion tissue

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of endodontic instruments, and discloses a device for quickly cleaning periapical lesion tissue, comprising a guide head, a scraping rod, a scraping spike, an adjusting rod, a main handle, an adjusting knob and a ring-shaped clamping groove; the guide head is fixed at the top end of the adjusting rod, the elastic scraping rods are evenly distributed along the circumference of the cone bottom of the guide head, the scraping spike is integrally formed with the scraping rod, the scraping spike is in the shape of a barb and is evenly distributed along the length direction of the scraping rod, the two ends of the scraping rod are respectively connected to the cone bottom of the guide head and the ring-shaped clamping groove at the front end of the main handle, the elastic adjusting rod penetrates through the channel of the main handle, and the adjusting knob is sleeved on the outside of the main handle and is in threaded engagement with the adjusting rod. The linkage adjusting structure of the adjusting knob-adjusting rod-scraping rod and the elastic material can be contracted, expanded and bent, so as to adapt to the structure of the periapical bone cavity, realize complete scraping and cleaning of the periapical lesion tissue, solve the problems of poor adaptability and blind area of the hand-held curettes, have high scraping efficiency and standardized operation, are safe and do not cause damage to bone tissue, have good cleaning effect and clear vision.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of endodontic surgery instruments, and particularly relates to a device for quickly cleaning periapical lesion tissue. BACKGROUND

[0002] The application belongs to the technical field of root surgery instruments in the field of endodontics, and the core application scenario is the "inflammatory granulation tissue removal in the bone cavity" link in the surgical treatment of periapical lesions. In the treatment of endodontic diseases, when root canal treatment fails, periapical lesions persist, or anatomical variations exist at the apex, the apex needs to be removed and the lesion tissue needs to be removed through root surgery. The inflammatory granulation tissue in the bone cavity of the apex is composed of fibrous tissue, inflammatory cells and necrotic tissue. If it is not completely removed, it is easy to cause postoperative infection recurrence, delayed bone tissue healing, and even the need for a second operation. Therefore, this link is a key step to determine the success rate of root surgery.

[0003] The core requirements of bone cavity granulation tissue removal can be summarized as three points: first, adaptability, which needs to adapt to bone cavities of different sizes and shapes; second, thoroughness, which needs to contact the inner wall of the bone cavity without dead angles and remove the fine granulation tissue attached to it; third, safety, which needs to avoid damaging healthy bone tissue and periodontal membrane in the operation and control heat production to prevent heat damage.

[0004] The current clinical mainstream uses the method of "hand curet physical scraping + manual irrigation auxiliary cleaning" to remove the root lesion tissue, which has the following problems: first, the bone cavity adaptability of the hand curet is poor, and there is a scraping blind area. The hand curet is a rigid structure (the holding handle, connecting rod and working head cannot move), the working head diameter is fixed, and it cannot adjust the shape according to the real-time size of the bone cavity. For irregular bone cavities, the rigid working head can only contact the protruding parts of the cavity wall, and the recessed parts cannot be reached, forming a scraping blind area; and the connecting rod has a fixed angle, so when the tooth root angle is special, the working head is difficult to reach the bottom of the bone cavity, further expanding the blind area. Second, the hand curet has low granulation removal efficiency and relies on the experience of the operator. The hand curet uses a manual scraping mode, has no power drive, and the scraping force and angle are completely dependent on the operator's hand feeling control, and the operation time is long and the frequency is high. Moreover, the bone cavity cleaning takes a long time after each scraping, and the operation process is interrupted. Meanwhile, manual operation is prone to uneven force due to fatigue, which may result in residual granulation, or even damage to the bone wall and normal bone structure. Third, the hand curet has no synchronous cleaning function, and the accumulation of debris affects the vision. The instrument itself has no cleaning channel design, and needs to be additionally washed with physiological saline. The washing direction and the scraping area are easy to misalign, and the granulation debris near the working head cannot be removed in time, resulting in a blurred vision in the operation area and further reducing the working efficiency.

[0005] In the field of dental instruments, bone cavity operating instruments such as curettes and bone chisels have long used a "rigid integrated structure". The operator can determine the contact state of the instrument and the bone wall through the force feedback of the rigid rod body. This "tactile feedback-operation adjustment" mode has been the designers' long-term cognition. The industry generally believes that flexible materials are prone to deformation during rotary scraping, and cannot guarantee the cleaning accuracy, so they have not been expanded to the field of bone cavity scraping.

[0006] Although flexible materials such as nickel-titanium alloys are widely used in root canal preparation instruments, the root canal scene is a "linear channel", and the material only needs to deform along the axis; while the bone cavity is a "three-dimensional irregular space", and it is innovative and practical to invent a lesion scraping device that can deform in three dimensions. SUMMARY

[0007] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present application determines the design logic of "morphological self-adaptive adjustment + power scraping + synchronous cleaning". The linkage adjustment structure of "adjustment knob-adjustment rod-flexible scraping rod" and elastic metal material are used to realize the tightening or loosening of the scraping rod through threaded transmission to adapt to bone cavities of different sizes and shapes; the elastic scraping rod is designed with an integrated barb-shaped scraping barb, which has flexibility and the ability to grab and stir granulation; relying on the existing dental slow motor, the functions of "low-speed rotation power + synchronous water spraying" are integrated to realize the integration of scraping, cooling and cleaning; the scraping barb tip is passivated and cooperates with the low-speed rotation parameter to balance the scraping efficiency and bone tissue safety.

[0008] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0009] A device for quickly cleaning periapical lesion tissue, comprising a guide head, a scraping rod, a scraping barb, an adjustment rod, a main handle, an adjustment knob, and a ring-shaped clamping groove; the guide head is fixed at the top end of the adjustment rod, the scraping rods are evenly distributed along the circumference of the guide head cone bottom, the scraping barb is integrally formed with the scraping rod, the scraping barb is barb-shaped and evenly distributed along the length direction of the scraping rod, the two ends of the scraping rod are respectively connected to the guide head cone bottom and the ring-shaped clamping groove at the front end of the main handle, the adjustment rod passes through the sliding channel of the main handle, the adjustment knob is sleeved outside the main handle and threadedly engaged with the adjustment rod, and a morphological self-adaptive adjustment mechanism is formed; and the adjustment rod and the scraping rod are both made of elastic material.

[0010] As a preferred, the guide head is conical, made of medical-grade nickel-titanium alloy, with a cone tip angle of 15-30°, a cone bottom diameter of 1-2mm, and a length of 1-2mm. The cone tip is smooth and has no edges and corners. The cone bottom is fixedly connected to the top end of the adjustment rod. It can guide the device to accurately enter along the axis of the bone cavity, and can also avoid scratching the healthy tissue at the edge of the bone cavity. The cone bottom is fixedly connected to the top end of the adjustment rod to ensure the positioning stability.

[0011] As preferred, the scraper rod is made of medical elastic nickel-titanium alloy material, which has flexibility and resilience. The length of the scraper rod can be adjusted repeatedly without breaking, and it is suitable for different sizes of bone cavities. The scraper rod includes 4-8 flexible nickel-titanium alloy wires, each with a diameter of 0.1-0.5 mm and a length of 4-15 mm, evenly distributed along the circumference of the guide head cone bottom. The two ends of the scraper rod are connected with the edge of the guide head cone bottom and the front end ring-shaped clamping groove of the main handle, respectively.

[0012] As preferred, the scraping tip surface is passivated, with a height of 0.5-1 mm, a scraping angle of 15-45°, and a spacing between adjacent scraping tips of 0.5-1 mm. The rounded scraping tip can prevent damage to the inner wall of the bone cavity during scraping.

[0013] As preferred, the adjustment rod is made of medical elastic nickel-titanium alloy material, which has flexibility and resilience. The length of the adjustment rod can be adjusted to 10-40 mm, and the diameter is 0.5-2 mm, with a threaded length of 5-20 mm.

[0014] As preferred, the adjustment rod can also have a fixed length of 15 mm and a diameter of 1 mm, with a threaded length of 5 mm.

[0015] As preferred, the main handle is made of medical-grade ABS resin or metal structure, which can withstand high-pressure steam sterilization. The inner diameter of the main handle is 1-3 mm, the outer diameter is 1.5-3.5 mm, the length is 10-20 mm, the front end ring-shaped clamping groove (height 1-2 mm) of the main handle is connected with the scraper rod, and the inner thread inside the clamping groove is matched with the adjustment rod. The main handle has a sliding channel corresponding to the threaded area of the adjustment rod. The tail of the main handle is provided with a standardized dental slow motor interface.

[0016] As preferred, the adjustment knob is a ring structure with an outer diameter of 3-6 mm and a thickness of 3-6 mm. The inner hole of the adjustment knob is provided with an inner thread matched with the adjustment rod, and the outer surface is provided with an anti-slip structure. The anti-slip pattern facilitates precise rotation for the operator. The inner thread is matched with the thread of the adjustment rod (thread pitch 0.2-0.5 mm). Clockwise rotation can tighten the scraper rod, and counterclockwise rotation can loosen the scraper rod. When rotating, the adjustment rod moves axially through the thread transmission, thereby controlling the tightening or loosening of the scraper rod to achieve continuous adaptation of bone cavities with a diameter of 2-12 mm.

[0017] As preferred, a sealing ring is provided between the adjustment knob and the main handle. The sealing ring can prevent physiological saline from entering the inside of the main handle when water is sprayed.

[0018] Preferably, the main handle is equipped with a standardized dental slow motor interface (ISO3964 standard interface) at the tail. The standardized interface is compatible with mainstream brands of slow motors such as NSK and KaVo, without the need for additional adapters. The main handle can be detachably connected to existing dental slow motors. When the rotary scraping device of this invention is used with a slow motor, the motor speed is set to 100-300 rpm and the water flow rate is 10-15 ml / min (physiological saline). This speed can both loosen and scrape away granulation tissue through centrifugal force and avoid tissue damage caused by high-speed rotation and heat generation. The water spray function can simultaneously cool down and rinse away debris, realizing the integration of "scraping-cooling-cleaning".

[0019] As a preferred option, when an external slow motor cannot be connected, the flow rate of saline solution in the main handle can be manually controlled at 8-12 ml / min, making it suitable for simple surgical scenarios where equipment is scarce.

[0020] The rotary scraping device of the present invention achieves shape adjustment through the threaded engagement of the adjustment knob and the adjustment rod: when scraping larger periapical lesions (≥5mm), the knob is turned clockwise, the guide head moves towards the tail of the main handle, and the scraping rod gathers and tightens into a "lantern" shape; when scraping smaller periapical lesions (<5mm) or irregular blind areas, the knob is turned counterclockwise, the guide head moves towards the head, and the scraping rod loosens into a lock shape. Because both the adjustment rod and the scraping rod are made of elastic materials, they can easily extend into the inner wall of the bone cavity and adapt to the shape of the bone cavity.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0022] This invention controls the tightening or loosening of the elastic scraper by adjusting the screw drive of the knob and the adjusting rod, adapting to different sizes of bone cavities; it relies on the existing dental slow motor to provide stable low-speed rotation power, combined with the gripping force of the barbed scraper to achieve fast and thorough scraping; and it utilizes the motor's built-in water spray function to simultaneously complete cooling and debris washing, ultimately solving the problems of poor adaptability, incomplete cleaning, and insufficient safety of traditional instruments.

[0023] This invention boasts wide applicability and eliminates blind spots in scraping. The invention employs a linked structure of "adjustment knob - adjustment rod - nickel-titanium alloy scraper," achieving precise tightening or loosening of the elastic scraper through threaded transmission. The 4-8 nickel-titanium alloy scraper rods can elastically deform according to the bone cavity morphology: tightening into a "lantern" shape for larger periapical lesions (≥5mm), loosening into a lock-like shape for smaller periapical lesions (<5mm), and using the scraper rods' flexibility to conform to concave areas in irregular bone cavities. This invention offers high coverage and granulation tissue removal rate for bone cavities of different diameters and irregular shapes in the periapical region, overcoming the low efficiency and blind spots of traditional hand-held curettes, and resolving the core contradiction of "mismatch between the rigid structure and bone cavity morphology" in traditional instruments.

[0024] This invention offers high scraping efficiency and standardized operation. It employs a combination of low-speed rotational power and barbed scrapers. The scrapers rotate at a constant speed with the motor, and centrifugal force causes them to unfold, creating "surface contact" scraping. The barbed structure can unidirectionally grasp, twist, and cut granulation tissue, avoiding the limitations of manual scraping's "point contact," uneven force, and time-consuming process. Furthermore, the operation requires only three steps: "positioning, adjustment, and activation," eliminating reliance on the operator's experience to judge scraping force and angle. New operators can master the technique with simple training. Therefore, powered scraping and structural design are the core reasons for the improved efficiency and standardized operation, overcoming the bottleneck of traditional manual instruments' reliance on experience and low efficiency.

[0025] This invention offers high safety and causes no bone tissue damage. The motor speed is limited to 100-300 rpm, lower than the heat generation threshold of traditional high-speed rotating instruments, and is combined with simultaneous water spraying of physiological saline at 10-15 ml / min. The water flows along the main handle into the bone cavity, absorbing the heat generated by rotation in real time. Simultaneously, the scraper tip is blunted, ensuring uniform pressure between the flexible scraper and the bone wall, avoiding the squeezing and scratching effects of rigid instruments. The synergistic effect of low-speed rotation, the blunted design, and simultaneous cooling is the direct cause and effect of the improved safety, resolving the safety hazards of "excessive heat generation" or "mechanical damage" associated with rotating instruments.

[0026] This invention offers superior cleaning performance and a clear field of vision. It integrates a slow-speed motor with a built-in water spray function, directing water flow along the main handle towards the bone cavity. This not only rinses away granulation tissue and debris during scraping but also prevents haphazard water spraying. Traditional hand-held scrapers require additional interruptions for rinsing, otherwise blood and debris buildup can obstruct vision. Therefore, the integrated design directly contributes to the improved cleaning effect and clearer vision, solving the cumbersome operation problem of separating scraping and cleaning in traditional instruments.

[0027] This invention requires no specialized equipment, and its core components can be repeatedly sterilized and reused, resulting in lower overall costs. It offers a high degree of standardization in clinical operation, high adaptability to periapical lesions, and balances therapeutic efficacy with clinical applicability. For each treatment approach, this invention designs reasonable ranges for key technical parameters: the endpoints of these ranges for parameters such as scraper diameter, scraping height, scraping angle, motor speed, and water flow rate are respectively adapted to scenarios with smaller periapical lesions (<5mm) and larger periapical lesions (≥5mm), achieving a balance between adaptability and efficiency, and ensuring the rigor and practicality of the approach. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 Example 1: Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device for rapidly clearing periapical lesions;

[0029] Figure 2 Example 1: Schematic diagram of the device for rapidly clearing periapical lesions;

[0030] Figure 3 Example 1: Schematic diagram of the device for rapidly cleaning periapical lesions;

[0031] Figure 4 Example 1: Schematic diagram of the device for rapidly clearing periapical lesions;

[0032] Figure 5 Example 1: Schematic diagram of the device for rapidly cleaning periapical lesions;

[0033] Figure 6 Example 1: Schematic diagram of the device for rapidly clearing periapical lesions during surgery.

[0034] Attached reference numerals: 1 guide head, 2 scraper, 3 scraper bar, 4 adjusting rod, 5 main handle, 6 adjusting knob, 7 annular groove, 8 slow motor, 9 periapical bone cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be described below with specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] A device for rapidly clearing periapical lesions, such as Figure 1 The system includes a guide head 1, a scraper 2, a scraper bar 3, an adjusting rod 4, a main handle 5, an adjusting knob 6, and an annular groove 7. The guide head 1 is fixed to the top of the adjusting rod 4. The scraper 2 is evenly distributed along the circumference of the conical bottom of the guide head 1. The scraper bar 3 is integrally formed with the scraper 2 and is barbed. It is evenly distributed along the length of the scraper 2. The two ends of the scraper 2 are respectively connected to the conical bottom of the guide head 1 and the annular groove 7 at the front end of the main handle 5. The adjusting rod 4 passes through the sliding channel of the main handle 5. The adjusting knob 6 is sleeved on the outside of the main handle 1 and threadedly engaged with the adjusting rod 4, forming a shape-adaptive adjustment mechanism.

[0038] The guide head 1 is a triangular cone. It is made of medical-grade titanium alloy, with a cone tip angle of 15°, a cone base diameter of 2mm, and a length of 2mm. The cone tip is rounded and without sharp edges, which can guide the device to enter precisely along the bone cavity axis while avoiding scratching healthy tissue at the edge of the bone cavity. The cone base is fixedly connected to the top of the adjusting rod 4 to ensure positioning stability.

[0039] The scraper 2 is made of medical-grade elastic nickel-titanium alloy, which is an elastic material. The scraper 2 consists of 4 flexible nickel-titanium alloy segments. The tip surface of the scraper 3 is passivated, and the scraper structure can unidirectionally "grab and stir" granulation tissue to prevent it from falling off. The scraper 2 is 0.3 mm in diameter and 10 mm in length, the scraper 3 is 0.5 mm in height and 30° in angle, and the spacing between adjacent scrapers 3 is 1 mm.

[0040] The adjusting rod 4 is made of medical-grade elastic nickel-titanium alloy, which is an elastic material that combines flexibility and resilience. It has an adjustable length of 20mm and a diameter of 0.5mm, with a thread length of 10mm.

[0041] The main handle 5 is a medical-grade ABS resin cylindrical hollow structure. The main handle 5 has an inner diameter of 1mm, an outer diameter of 1.5mm, a length of 10mm, a front-end annular groove 7 with a height of 1mm, and a smooth inner wall of the internal sliding channel. The tail end is equipped with a standardized dental slow-speed motor interface (ISO3964 standard interface). The tail end of the main handle 5 is detachably connected to the slow-speed motor 8 (e.g., ...). Figure 5 Motor speed 100-300 rpm, water flow rate 10-15 ml / min.

[0042] The adjusting knob 6 is a ring-shaped structure with an outer diameter of 5mm and a thickness of 5mm. The inner hole of the adjusting knob 6 has an internal thread that matches the adjusting rod 4, and the outer surface has an anti-slip structure. The anti-slip texture facilitates precise adjustment by the operator. The internal thread matches the thread of the adjusting rod 4 (pitch 0.5mm). Clockwise rotation tightens the scraper rod 2, and counterclockwise rotation loosens it. Rotation drives the adjusting rod 4 axially through threaded transmission, thereby controlling the tightening or loosening of the scraper rod 2 (e.g., ...). Figures 2-4 This allows for continuous adaptation of bone cavities with different diameters; a sealing ring is provided between the adjustment knob 6 and the main handle 5; the sealing ring can prevent physiological saline from seeping into the main handle 5 when water is sprayed.

[0043] like Figure 5 Loading diagram and Figure 6 The diagram illustrates the operation of a root apical surgery, showing the rotary scraping device of this embodiment being inserted into the periapical bone cavity 9 for operation. This device can continuously adapt to regular or irregular bone cavities of medium-sized root apex, with a high granulation tissue removal rate, extremely low local temperature in the bone cavity and bone wall damage rate, no need for special equipment, and the core components can be repeatedly sterilized and reused, resulting in low overall cost.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] Based on the scheme of Example 1, the power supply is further simplified. Unlike Example 1, the adjustment knob 6 is removed, the adjustment rod 4 is changed to a fixed length of 15mm, and the scraper 2 has two fixed specifications: a scraper diameter of 0.3mm and a length of 6mm / 12mm, a scraping height of 0.5mm, and a scraping angle of 40°. Different length scraper 2s can be switched through the annular groove 7 at the front end of the main handle 5. No external slow motor is connected; the power relies on manual rotation of the main handle 5. An external saline flushing channel is retained, and the saline flow rate is manually controlled.

[0046] This embodiment can be discretely adapted to irregular bone cavities, has a high granulation tissue removal rate, and a low rate of bone wall damage. The manufacturing cost is 50% of the optimal solution, making it suitable for simple surgical scenarios.

[0047] The present invention has been described above by way of example. It should be noted that any simple modifications, alterations or other equivalent substitutions that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort without departing from the core of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for rapidly clearing periapical lesions, comprising a guide head and a main handle; characterized in that: It also includes a scraper, scraper spikes, an adjusting rod, an adjusting knob, and an annular groove. The guide head is conical with a rounded tip and no sharp edges. The bottom of the cone is fixedly connected to the top of the adjusting rod. The scraper is evenly distributed along the circumference of the bottom of the guide head cone. The scraper spikes are integrally formed with the scraper and are barbed, evenly distributed along the length of the scraper. The two ends of the scraper are respectively connected to the bottom of the guide head cone and the annular groove at the front end of the main handle. The adjusting rod passes through the sliding channel of the main handle. The adjusting knob is sleeved on the outside of the main handle and engages with the adjusting rod threadedly, forming a shape-adaptive adjustment mechanism. Both the adjusting rod and the scraper are made of elastic material. The scraper head is evenly distributed along the circumference of the guide head cone bottom, and the tail end is fixed by the annular groove at the front end of the main handle; the shape is adjusted by adjusting the knob and the threaded engagement of the adjusting rod. When the guide head moves towards the tail of the main handle, the scraper closes and tightens into a "lantern" shape; when the guide head moves towards the head, the scraper loosens into a lock shape.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide head is made of medical-grade nickel-titanium alloy, with a cone tip angle of 15-30°, a cone base diameter of 1-2mm, and a length of 1-2mm.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraper is made of medical-grade elastic nickel-titanium alloy; the scraper consists of 4-8 flexible nickel-titanium alloy pieces, each with a diameter of 0.1-0.5 mm and a length of 4-15 mm.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting rod is made of medical-grade elastic nickel-titanium alloy. The adjusting rod has an adjustable length of 10-40mm and a diameter of 0.5-2mm, with a thread length of 5-20mm; or the adjusting rod has a fixed length of 15mm, a diameter of 1mm, and a thread length of 10mm.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraper height is 0.5-1mm, the scraper angle is 15-45°, the spacing between adjacent scrapers is 0.5-1mm, and the scraper tip is rounded.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main handle is a hollow cylindrical structure made of medical-grade ABS resin or metal. The inner diameter of the main handle is 1-3mm, the outer diameter is 1.5-3.5mm, and the length is 10-20mm. The front end is provided with an annular groove with a height of 1-2mm. The groove is provided with an internal thread that matches the adjusting rod. The inner wall of the sliding channel inside the main handle is smooth. The tail end of the main handle is provided with a standardized dental slow motor interface.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment knob is a ring structure with an outer diameter of 3-6mm and a thickness of 3-6mm. The inner hole of the adjustment knob is provided with an internal thread that matches the adjustment rod, and the outer surface is provided with an anti-slip structure. The internal thread matches the thread of the adjustment rod. When the knob is turned clockwise, the scraper rod bends and tightens, and when it is turned counterclockwise, the scraper rod unfolds and loosens. When rotating, the adjustment rod is driven to move axially through the thread transmission, thereby controlling the tightening or loosening of the scraper rod.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring is provided between the adjustment knob and the main handle.

9. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: When scraping lesions ≥5mm in periapical region, rotate clockwise to move the guide head toward the tail of the main handle, and the scraper bar will converge and tighten into a "lantern" shape; when scraping lesions <5mm in periapical region or irregular blind areas, rotate counterclockwise to move the guide head toward the head, and the scraper bar will loosen into a lock-like shape, which can be inserted into the inner wall of small or irregular bone cavities.

10. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: When used with a slow motor, the motor speed should be set to 100-300 rpm and the saline spray flow rate to 10-15 ml / min.

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