Protective transplanting method for engineering disturbance low-latitude plateau sub-alpine meadow cotoneaster replicatus

Abstract

The invention discloses a protective transplanting method for engineering disturbance low-latitude plateau sub-alpine meadow cotoneaster replicatus, which comprises the following steps: (1) investigating and screening rhizosphere microbial communities, and separating functional strains from soil; (2) in-situ plant growth regulator root irrigation treatment; (3) digging a plant-soil micro-ecological complex; soil blocks are wholly dug according to units, wherein the soil blocks comprise plants, root systems, rhizosphere soil, associated herbaceous plants and litters; (4) temporary culture and field planting: regularly maintaining and keeping humidity, and irrigating with a plant growth promoter; (5) adding a microbial inoculum into the soil, treating the soil with a matrix, and adding the screened functional microbial inoculum into the matrix; (6) transplanting; and (7) later maintenance and monitoring. Through an innovative method of combining a plant-soil micro-ecological complex, a plant growth regulator and a fungicide, the survival rate and the recovery speed of the cotoneaster replicatus in ecological restoration are improved, the adaptability of the cotoneaster replicatus in a severe environment is optimized, vegetation restoration is promoted, and the stable process of an ecological system is accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of soil and water conservation and ecological restoration. Specifically, it relates to a method for the protective transplantation of Cotoneaster stenoptera from low-latitude plateau subalpine meadows disturbed by engineering work. Background Technology

[0002] The subalpine meadow ecosystems of low-latitude plateaus are fragile. Disturbance from construction projects such as new energy sources, roads, mines, water conservancy, and infrastructure projects easily leads to the degradation of native vegetation, and recovery periods are long. *Cotoneaster creepingii*, an important ground cover shrub in this region, has a well-developed root system that effectively stabilizes the soil and prevents soil erosion. It is a cold-resistant, drought-resistant, and barren-tolerant shrub with strong adaptability, possessing significant value for soil and water conservation and landscape design, and is widely used in slope management and ecological restoration. Therefore, scientific transplantation and community protection are of great importance for vegetation restoration and soil and water conservation.

[0003] However, existing transplanting methods, primarily involving single-plant digging or bare-root transplanting, generally suffer from low survival rates and slow recovery, especially in harsh environments such as high-altitude, cold regions and slopes, where traditional methods struggle to effectively promote root recovery and adaptation to the soil environment. Furthermore, most existing ecological restoration methods neglect the role of soil microbial communities, leading to unstable and slow recovery results. Therefore, improving transplant survival rates, promoting healthy root growth, and accelerating ecosystem restoration are pressing technical challenges that need to be addressed.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for the protective transplantation of creeping cotoneaster in low-latitude plateau subalpine meadows under engineering disturbance. By combining the plant-soil micro-ecological complex with innovative methods of plant growth regulators and microbial agents, the survival rate and recovery speed of creeping cotoneaster in ecological restoration are improved, its adaptability in harsh environments is optimized, vegetation restoration is promoted and the stabilization process of the ecosystem is accelerated.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for the protective transplantation of *Cotoneaster stenoptera* from low-latitude plateau subalpine meadows affected by engineering disturbance, specifically including the following steps:

[0008] (1) Investigation and screening of rhizosphere microbial community

[0009] Before the project was disturbed, rhizosphere soil samples were collected from the area to be excavated to conduct a microbial community survey; functional strains, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, were isolated from the soil to screen out the native strains that have the most significant root-promoting and stress-resistant effects on Cotoneaster stenoptera.

[0010] This avoids the problem of incompatibility with general-purpose microbial agents and improves the survival rate and recovery speed of transplanted plants.

[0011] (2) In-situ pretreatment root irrigation

[0012] One to two days before digging up the plants, apply a plant growth regulator to the soil section to be excavated by root irrigation. The selected regulator should have a synergistic effect with the screened functional microbial agent. For example, a compound of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or indole-naphthaleneacetic acid (IBA+NAA) that has good stability in the soil and is easily absorbed by the roots can be used. The specific method is as follows: dig a circular trench around the perimeter of the plant (circular root irrigation conforms to the morphological characteristics of plants that are creeping along the ground and have radially distributed roots), with a trench depth of 10-15 cm. Pour the solution evenly into the trench, and the amount of solution should be enough to penetrate into the main root distribution layer.

[0013] This pretreatment method allows the regulator to be pre-adsorbed by the roots and soil. When some roots break during the excavation process, high concentrations of auxin accumulate at the break point, directly stimulating callus formation and adventitious root primordia differentiation, thereby achieving "leading root promotion", significantly shortening the seedling recovery period and improving the transplant survival rate.

[0014] (3) Excavation of plant-soil microecological complex

[0015] Before any disturbance to the project, soil blocks with a thickness of ≥30cm and an area of ​​30×30cm to 100×100cm will be excavated and cut into individual units within the construction area to maintain the integrity of the plants. These soil blocks will contain the plant, roots, rhizosphere soil, associated herbs, and litter. After excavation, the soil blocks will be wrapped and secured with biodegradable materials such as jute cloth or coconut fiber mesh to maintain overall stability and prevent soil blocks from scattering.

[0016] (4) Temporary care and permanent planting

[0017] The dug-up plants were transported to a specific area for temporary storage. The temporary storage area was selected in a location with an altitude, slope aspect, and soil conditions similar to the original habitat. The humidity was maintained by regular misting and short-term maintenance. Plant growth regulators were then used to irrigate the dug-up plant pieces as root-setting water to promote root differentiation and adventitious root formation, enhance stress resistance metabolism, maintain plant hormone balance, and improve survival rate.

[0018] (5) Soil inoculant and substrate treatment

[0019] The surface of the area to be repaired is partially leveled, and large stones are removed. The soil within a depth of 40cm in the planting area is tilled, and appropriate amounts of humus, red clay ceramsite, and organic fertilizer are added to improve the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity. Screened functional microbial agents (such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and AMF fungi) are added to the added substrate in proportion to improve the soil's micro-ecological environment. After the above is completed, grooves are made on the surface of the area to be repaired for embedding the transplanted plants.

[0020] (6) Transplanting

[0021] Choose the early rainy season or a season with high soil moisture content for transplanting to avoid drought stress. When transplanting, the transplanting depth should be consistent with the plant's original environment to prevent root hypoxia from being too deep or root exposure from being too shallow. After transplanting, gently press the soil and cover it with an anti-evaporation film or bio-fiber blanket to reduce water evaporation.

[0022] (7) Post-construction maintenance and monitoring

[0023] In the early stages of recovery, protective measures such as fencing should be set up to prevent livestock from trampling or people from stepping on the plants. Within 30 days after transplanting, the plants should be kept in a shaded and moist environment, and watered regularly to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged and to prevent soil compaction. Local dominant herbaceous plants can be selectively sown in the surrounding area to accelerate community recovery. The number of surviving plants should be monitored regularly. Artificial protective measures should be gradually removed 1-2 years after transplanting to allow for natural succession.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art.

[0025] (1) Significantly improves survival rate. The plant-soil microecological complex can maintain the original habitat and microbial community to the maximum extent, reduce physiological stress caused by environmental changes, minimize root damage, and reduce the risk of death during transplanting. At the same time, through plant hormone treatment and the addition of microbial agents, it promotes root regeneration and nutrient absorption, shortens the seedling recovery period, enhances plant resistance, and significantly improves transplant survival rate. The transplanting effect is significantly better than traditional transplanting methods.

[0026] (2) Maintaining ecosystem stability. Protective transplanting reduces damage to the meadow community, maintains structural integrity and species diversity, and avoids ecological degradation caused by disturbance. Through rhizosphere microbial community surveys and screening, native inoculants are selected to maintain soil microecological balance and avoid interference from exogenous strains. At the same time, the synergistic effect between plants and microorganisms improves nutrient cycling and soil physicochemical properties, which not only increases plant survival rate but also contributes to the long-term stability and resilience of the entire meadow ecosystem.

[0027] (3) Rapid recovery and strong adaptability. The dual synergistic effect of the microbial agent and the plant growth regulator significantly improves the nutrient absorption efficiency and growth rate of the transplanted plants, enabling them to rapidly expand the coverage area through branching and spreading within 1–2 years after transplanting, achieving recovery from local to overall. At the same time, this method is applicable to slopes, sides, and bare land disturbed by projects such as highways, hydropower, and tourism facilities, and has strong promotion potential and application value.

[0028] (4) Promote soil and water conservation. The creeping cotoneaster has a well-developed root system that creeps close to the ground, which can quickly fix the soil. At the same time, the inoculated fungal agent further binds and consolidates the soil particles, forming a "physical-microbial" composite soil stabilization system, which greatly enhances the slope's resistance to erosion and significantly improves the effect of soil and water conservation.

[0029] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 These are photos of individual plants after transplanting;

[0033] Figure 3 These are photos showing the growth of plants in a specific area after transplanting.

[0034] It should be noted that these accompanying drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] To verify the effectiveness of the method of this invention in improving the survival rate of transplanted Cotoneaster procumbens, a comparative experiment was designed. Two methods were set up: "plant sampling only" and "plant-soil microecological complex sampling", and the treatment was combined with whether or not a plant growth regulator (naphthaleneacetic acid NAA) and a functional microbial agent (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi AMF + phosphate-solubilizing bacteria) were used.

[0038] "Plant-soil microecological complex sampling", combined with attached Figure 1 The specific implementation steps are shown below:

[0039] Step (1): Before construction, at the Gaobenshan Wind Power Plant in Xundian County, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, rhizosphere soil samples were collected from the area to be excavated to conduct a microbial community survey; and functional strains were isolated from the soil. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were the strains that showed the most significant effects on root promotion and stress resistance of creeping cotoneaster.

[0040] Step (2): One day before digging up the plants, the soil blocks to be dug up are treated with a plant growth regulator, naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), at a concentration of 50 mg / L. The specific method is as follows: dig a circular trench around the perimeter of the plant, 10 cm deep, and pour the solution evenly into the trench. The amount of solution should be 0.5-1.5 L per plant, depending on the size of the plant, so that it can penetrate into the main root distribution layer.

[0041] Step (3): Before any disturbance to the project, within the construction area, cut and excavate soil blocks with a thickness of ≥30cm and an area of ​​30×30cm to 100×100cm as a unit to maintain the integrity of the plants. The soil blocks include the plants, roots, rhizosphere soil, associated herbs, and litter layer. After excavation, wrap and fix the soil blocks with jute cloth to maintain overall stability and prevent them from scattering.

[0042] Step (4): The dug-up plants are transported to a specific area for temporary storage. During this period, the plants are regularly kept moist by misting. The plant growth regulator naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) is used again to irrigate the dug-up plant pieces as root-setting water. The dosage is 2L per plant to promote root differentiation and adventitious root formation, enhance stress resistance metabolism, maintain plant hormone balance, and improve survival rate.

[0043] Step (5): Locally level the surface of the area to be repaired and remove large stones; till the soil within a depth of 40cm in the planting area and add appropriate amounts of humus, red clay ceramsite, and organic fertilizer to improve the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity; add screened AMF and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria to the added substrate, with dosages of 20g / plant AMF and 20g / plant phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, respectively, to improve the soil's micro-ecological environment; after completing the above, make grooves on the surface of the area to be repaired for later use so that the plants can be embedded in the grooves during transplanting.

[0044] Step (6): Transplanting should be carried out in July at the beginning of the rainy season to avoid drought stress. When transplanting, the spacing between plants should be 1m, and the transplanting depth should be consistent with the original environment of the plants to prevent root hypoxia due to excessive depth or root exposure due to excessive shallowness. After transplanting, the soil should be lightly pressed and covered with an anti-evaporation film or biological fiber blanket to reduce water evaporation.

[0045] Step (7): In the early stage of recovery, set up protective measures such as fences to avoid trampling by livestock or people; within 30 days after transplanting, keep the plants shaded and moist, water them regularly to keep them moist, and keep the soil moist without water accumulation and prevent soil compaction; monitor the number of surviving plants 3 months after transplanting and calculate the survival rate.

[0046] The experimental results are shown in the table below:

[0047]

[0048] The data in the table shows that different treatment methods significantly affected the survival rate of *Cotoneaster prostrata* transplanted. Overall, sampling of the plant-soil microecological complex was superior to sampling of plants alone, with a survival rate generally 15–20 percentage points higher under the same conditions. Figure 2-3 The photographs show the plant growth; both plant growth regulators (NAA) and functional microbial agents (AMF + phosphate-solubilizing bacteria) can improve the survival rate. NAA significantly promotes adventitious root development, while the microbial agents improve nutrient absorption and the rhizosphere microecological environment; the effect is even better when used in combination. Notably, the synergistic effect of the three is optimal, with a survival rate as high as 97% under the "combined sampling + NAA + microbial agent" condition, far exceeding the 45–65% without any treatment. This indicates that the method of this invention, through the comprehensive measures of "combined protection + regulator + microbial agent," can significantly improve the survival rate and recovery speed of transplanted creeping cotoneaster, which is significantly superior to traditional methods.

[0049] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for engineering disturbance of low-latitude plateau subalpine meadow southwest Potentilla tanacetifolia protective transplanting, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step (1), rhizosphere microbial community investigation and screening; Before engineering disturbance, rhizosphere soil samples of creeping Potentilla were collected from the area to be excavated, microbial community investigation was carried out, and functional strains were isolated from the soil; Step (2), in-situ pretreatment of root irrigation; 1-2 days before the plant is excavated, plant growth regulator is irrigated to the area to be excavated, and the regulator needs to have a synergistic effect with the screened functional strains; Step (3), plant-soil micro-ecosystem excavation; In the area to be excavated, a soil block with a thickness of ≥30 cm and an area of 30×30 cm to 100×100 cm is cut and excavated as a whole, the soil block contains plants, roots, rhizosphere soil, and associated herbs and litter layer, and after excavation, the plants are wrapped and fixed with degradable materials such as jute cloth or coconut fiber mesh to maintain the integrity of the plants; Step (4), temporary cultivation and planting; The excavated plants are transported to the temporary storage area for temporary storage, the temporary storage area is selected to be close to the original site in terms of altitude, slope direction and soil conditions, the humidity is maintained by regular misting, and the excavated plant blocks are irrigated again with plant growth regulator as root fixing water; Step (5), soil additive bacteria and substrate treatment; The surface of the area to be repaired in the project is locally flattened and large stones are removed, the soil within a depth of 40 cm in the planting area is ploughed, and appropriate amounts of humus, red clay baked haydite, organic fertilizer and other substrates are added, and then the selected functional bacteria are added to the substrates, and then grooves are opened on the surface of the area to be repaired for use; Step (6), transplanting; Transplanting is carried out at the beginning of the rainy season or during seasons with high soil moisture content, the transplanting depth is consistent with the original environment of the plants, the soil is lightly pressed after transplanting, and evaporation is reduced by covering the soil with evaporation-proof film or biological fiber blanket; Step (7), post-recovery maintenance and monitoring; During the early recovery period, protective measures such as fences are set up to prevent trampling by people and animals, shading and moisture retention are given priority to within 30 days after the plants are transplanted, the soil is kept moist but not waterlogged and is prevented from being compacted, the number of surviving plants is regularly maintained and monitored, and artificial intervention is gradually removed 1-2 years after transplanting to allow natural succession.

2. The method for protective transplanting of Potentilla tanacetifolia Bunge in the southwest of the subalpine meadow in low-latitude plateau of engineering disturbance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional strains in step (1) include arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria.

3. The method for protective transplanting of Potentilla tanacetifolia Bunge in the southwest of the subalpine meadow in low-latitude plateau of engineering disturbance according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the plant growth regulator is naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) or indinavir·naphthalene acetic acid (IBA+NAA) compound, and the concentration of the plant growth regulator is 50 mg / L, 0.5-1.5 L per plant.

4. The method for protective transplanting of Potentilla tanacetifolia Bunge in the southwest of the subalpine meadow in low-latitude plateau of engineering disturbance according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the root irrigation treatment is specifically as follows: a ring-shaped ditch is opened around the boundary of the plant, the ditch is 10-15 cm deep, and the regulator solution is uniformly irrigated in the ditch.

5. The method for protective transplanting of Potentilla tanacetifolia Bunge in the southwest of the subalpine meadow in low-latitude plateau of engineering disturbance according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (5), the functional bacteria agent includes AMF and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria agent, and the dosages are AMF 20 g / plant and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria 20 g / plant, respectively.

6. The method for protective transplanting of Potentilla tanacetifolia Bunge in the southwest of the subalpine meadow in low-latitude plateau of engineering disturbance according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (7), local dominant herbaceous plants can be appropriately sown around the area to be repaired during the early recovery period to accelerate community recovery.

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