A depression state adjustment system and method based on transcranial electrical stimulation

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of neuromodulation, and particularly relates to a depression state adjustment system and method based on transcranial electrical stimulation, comprising collecting electroencephalogram signals of left and right frontal lobe regions of even-numbered leads; after noise filtering of the collected left and right brain electroencephalogram signals, power spectrum data of left and right brain alpha waves 8-13 Hz are extracted, a numerical difference of left and right brain alpha wave power spectrum is calculated, and an average proportion of the difference in a test period is calculated, and the numerical difference and average proportion are used as quantitative indicators of depression correlation lateralization level; the present application matches the transcranial electrical stimulation module according to the basic information such as patient age and medical history through the collecting module and sets the initial parameters, and then the control module dynamically corrects the parameters combined with real-time physiological signals, so that precise personalized treatment is realized, and treatment safety is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of neuromodulation technology, and more specifically, to a system and method for adjusting depressive states based on transcranial electrical stimulation. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, depression has become a prevalent mental disorder globally. Traditional medications and psychotherapy are ineffective for approximately 30% of patients, highlighting the urgent need for treatment for resistant patients. Transcranial electrical stimulation (TCS) techniques (including tDCS, tACS, and tRNS) have become a research hotspot due to their non-invasive advantages, as they can improve depressive symptoms by modulating neuronal excitability. However, existing systems have significant drawbacks: they lack personalized treatment plans, failing to select stimulation types based on individual patient characteristics such as age and medical history; and their fixed treatment parameters cannot be dynamically adjusted in conjunction with real-time physiological signals such as EEG and heart rate, leading to significant differences in efficacy and potential risks to vulnerable groups such as adolescents and the elderly. Therefore, a precise and intelligent adjustment system is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention addresses the shortcomings of the prior art by proposing a system and method for adjusting depressive states based on transcranial electrical stimulation, aiming to solve at least one of the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a depressive state adjustment system based on transcranial electrical stimulation, comprising: an EEG acquisition module configured to acquire EEG signals from the left and right frontal lobe regions of even-numbered leads;

[0005] The lateralization level analysis module is configured to filter noise from the collected left and right brain EEG signals, extract the power spectrum data of the left and right brain Alpha waves at 8-13Hz, calculate the numerical difference between the left and right brain Alpha wave power spectra and the average proportion of the difference during the test period, and use the numerical difference and the average proportion as quantitative indicators of depression-associated lateralization level.

[0006] The transcranial electrical stimulation module is configured to determine the target point and current amplitude of transcranial electrical stimulation based on the quantitative indicators output by the lateralization level analysis module, wherein the target point is selected from the frontal lobe with a low power spectrum value, and the current amplitude is set according to the average proportion.

[0007] The control module is used to control the coordinated operation of the EEG acquisition module, the lateralization level analysis module, and the transcranial electrical stimulation module.

[0008] In some embodiments, the transcranial electrical stimulation module is configured to determine the target point and current amplitude of transcranial electrical stimulation based on the quantitative indicators output by the lateralization level analysis module, wherein the target point is selected from the frontal lobe with a lower power spectrum value, and the current amplitude is set according to the average proportion, including:

[0009] When the difference between the left brain Alpha wave power and the right brain Alpha wave power is negative and the average proportion is less than the first threshold, it is determined to be lateralization abnormality, and the transcranial electrical stimulation target point is set to the left frontal lobe of the brain, and the current amplitude is set to 1000-1500μA.

[0010] When the difference between the left brain Alpha wave power and the right brain Alpha wave power is positive and the average proportion is greater than the second threshold, the target point is set to the right frontal lobe and the current amplitude is set to 800-1200μA.

[0011] When the target is set to the left frontal lobe or the target is set to the right frontal lobe, the corresponding 8-13Hz frequency band is divided into multiple 1Hz sub-bands. The multiple 1Hz sub-bands are compared to obtain the sub-band with the largest power spectrum difference, and the transcranial electrical stimulation frequency is set as the center frequency of the sub-band.

[0012] It employs focused, high-precision electrical stimulation with a concentric circle electrode arrangement pattern. The central electrode is the input, and the surrounding electrodes are the output. Both the central and surrounding electrodes are arranged in the hemisphere of the brain.

[0013] Transcranial electrical stimulation is performed based on the set target points and current amplitudes. During the stimulation process, the EEG signals are re-acquired and the lateralization level index is updated every 2 minutes. Stimulation is stopped when the lateralization level index falls within ±5% of the numerical difference and the average proportion is within the preset threshold range.

[0014] In some embodiments, the transcranial electrical stimulation module is disposed on the scalp of the target patient, and the transcranial electrical stimulation module is further configured to stimulate the scalp of the target patient.

[0015] In some embodiments, the system further includes a data acquisition module configured to acquire basic information of the target patient, select the transcranial electrical stimulation module based on the basic information, and set corresponding initial transcranial electrical stimulation parameters; and acquire the physiological signals of the target patient in real time.

[0016] The control module corrects the initial parameters of the transcranial electrical stimulation module based on the physiological signals of the target patient.

[0017] The transcranial electrical stimulation module includes transcranial direct current stimulation, transcranial alternating current stimulation, and transcranial random noise electrical stimulation.

[0018] The basic information of the target patient includes: age and medical history; the physiological signals include: electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation.

[0019] The acquisition module is configured to acquire basic information of the target patient, select the transcranial electrical stimulation module based on the basic information, and set corresponding initial transcranial electrical stimulation parameters; when acquiring the physiological signals of the target patient in real time, it includes:

[0020] The acquisition module is also configured such that when the target patient's medical history shows mild depression, the transcranial electrical stimulation module is transcranial alternating current stimulation.

[0021] When the target patient's medical history shows moderate depression, the transcranial electrical stimulation module is a combination of transcranial alternating current stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation.

[0022] When the target patient's medical history shows major depression, the transcranial electrical stimulation module is a transcranial alternating current stimulation, a transcranial direct current stimulation, or a transcranial random noise stimulation.

[0023] In some embodiments, the acquisition module is configured to acquire basic information of the target patient, select the transcranial electrical stimulation module based on the basic information, and set corresponding initial transcranial electrical stimulation parameters; when acquiring the physiological signals of the target patient in real time, it includes:

[0024] The acquisition module is also configured to: when the target patient is an adolescent and the transcranial alternating current stimulation is selected for treatment, downgrade the transcranial alternating current stimulation to the transcranial direct current stimulation for treatment;

[0025] When the target patient is an adolescent and the transcranial random noise electrical stimulation is selected for treatment, the transcranial random noise electrical stimulation is downgraded to the transcranial direct current stimulation for treatment.

[0026] When the target patient is an adolescent and the transcranial direct current stimulation is selected for treatment, no changes are made.

[0027] In some embodiments, the acquisition module is configured to acquire basic information of the target patient, select the transcranial electrical stimulation module based on the basic information, and set corresponding initial transcranial electrical stimulation parameters; when acquiring the physiological signals of the target patient in real time, it includes:

[0028] The acquisition module is also configured to, when the target patient is an elderly person and the transcranial alternating current stimulation is selected for treatment, preset a frequency threshold range and treat the target patient according to the frequency threshold range;

[0029] When the target patient is an elderly person and transcranial random noise electrical stimulation is selected for treatment, a preset noise intensity threshold range is established, and the target patient is treated according to the noise intensity threshold range.

[0030] In some embodiments, when the control module corrects the initial transcranial electrical stimulation parameters corresponding to the transcranial electrical stimulation module based on the physiological signals of the target patient, it includes:

[0031] The control module is further configured to, when the transcranial direct current stimulation therapy is selected and the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal is less than a preset power threshold, determine a first adjustment coefficient and reduce the intensity of the transcranial direct current stimulation according to the first adjustment coefficient.

[0032] When the transcranial direct current stimulation therapy is selected, and the heart rate is greater than or less than a preset heart rate threshold range, a second adjustment coefficient is determined, and the intensity and duration of the transcranial direct current stimulation are reduced according to the second adjustment coefficient.

[0033] When the transcranial direct current stimulation therapy is selected and the blood oxygen saturation is less than the preset blood oxygen saturation threshold, a first warning signal is issued and the stimulation is stopped.

[0034] In some embodiments, when the control module corrects the initial transcranial electrical stimulation parameters corresponding to the transcranial electrical stimulation module based on the physiological signals of the target patient, the control module is further configured to:

[0035] When the transcranial alternating current stimulation therapy is selected and the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal is less than the preset power threshold, a third adjustment coefficient is determined, and the intensity of the transcranial direct current stimulation is reduced according to the third adjustment coefficient.

[0036] When the transcranial alternating current stimulation therapy is selected, and the heart rate is greater than or less than the preset heart rate threshold range, a fourth adjustment coefficient is determined, and the intensity and duration of the transcranial alternating current stimulation are reduced according to the fourth adjustment coefficient.

[0037] When the transcranial alternating current stimulation therapy is selected and the blood oxygen saturation is less than the preset blood oxygen saturation threshold, a fifth adjustment coefficient is determined, and the intensity of the transcranial alternating current stimulation is reduced according to the fifth adjustment coefficient.

[0038] In some embodiments, when the control module corrects the initial transcranial electrical stimulation parameters corresponding to the transcranial electrical stimulation module based on the physiological signals of the target patient, the control module is further configured to:

[0039] When the transcranial random noise electrical stimulation therapy is selected and the EEG signal is less than the preset power threshold, a sixth adjustment coefficient is determined, and the intensity of the transcranial random noise electrical stimulation is reduced according to the sixth adjustment coefficient.

[0040] When the transcranial random noise electrical stimulation therapy is selected, and the heart rate is greater than or less than a preset heart rate threshold range or the blood oxygen saturation is less than a preset blood oxygen saturation threshold, a seventh adjustment coefficient is determined, and the intensity and duration of the transcranial random noise electrical stimulation are reduced according to the seventh adjustment coefficient.

[0041] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for adjusting depressive states based on transcranial electrical stimulation, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Collect EEG signals from the left and right frontal lobe regions of the brain in even-numbered leads;

[0043] After noise filtering of the collected left and right brain EEG signals, the power spectrum data of the left and right brain Alpha waves at 8-13Hz were extracted. The numerical difference between the left and right brain Alpha wave power spectra and the average proportion of the difference during the test period were calculated. The numerical difference and the average proportion were used as quantitative indicators of the depression-associated lateralization level.

[0044] Based on the quantitative indicators output by the lateralization level analysis module, the target point and current amplitude of transcranial electrical stimulation are determined, wherein the target point is selected from the frontal lobe with a lower power spectrum value, and the current amplitude is set according to the average proportion.

[0045] The EEG acquisition module, the lateralization level analysis module, and the transcranial electrical stimulation module work together.

[0046] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: using the lateralization level of Alpha waves in the left and right frontal lobes as the core quantitative indicator, focusing on the brain regions associated with depression, accurately collecting EEG signals through even-numbered leads, and combining noise filtering and power spectrum analysis, transforming abstract EEG signals into actionable stimulation criteria, avoiding the blindness of the traditional "one-size-fits-all" approach, and ensuring that the stimulation target (lower frontal lobe of power spectrum) and intensity (set according to average proportion) are accurately matched to the patient's abnormal brain function state.

[0047] This approach considers both the severity of patient depression (mild / moderate / severe, corresponding to DC / AC / random noise stimulation respectively) and age characteristics (lower-intensity stimulation for adolescents, and specific parameter thresholds for the elderly). It also incorporates a dynamic correction scheme based on real-time physiological signals (EEG, heart rate, blood oxygenation) to adapt to the different pathological and physiological differences of various patients and meet diverse clinical needs. A multi-layered safety mechanism is constructed: targeted adjustments are made for specific populations to reduce risk; physiological signals are monitored in real time; and in case of abnormalities, the intensity is reduced, the duration is shortened, or stimulation is stopped directly (e.g., warning and shutdown when blood oxygenation is insufficient), minimizing adverse reactions and improving patient tolerance. EEG indicators are updated every 2 minutes during stimulation, forming a closed loop of "collection-analysis-adjustment-monitoring" to promptly track changes in patient brain function. Stimulation is stopped once the target is reached, ensuring treatment effectiveness while avoiding over-intervention, providing a scientific and efficient solution for managing depressive states.

[0048] The above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0049] Other features and aspects of this disclosure will become clearer from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a functional block diagram of a depressive state adjustment system based on transcranial electrical stimulation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 The flowchart illustrates the method for adjusting depressive states based on transcranial electrical stimulation provided in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0053] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0054] See Figure 1-2 As shown, in the first embodiment, a system for adjusting a depressive state based on transcranial electrical stimulation according to an embodiment of this application includes:

[0055] The EEG acquisition module is configured to acquire EEG signals from the left and right frontal lobe regions of the brain in even-numbered leads;

[0056] The lateralization level analysis module is configured to filter noise from the collected left and right brain EEG signals, extract the power spectrum data of the left and right brain Alpha waves at 8-13Hz, calculate the numerical difference between the left and right brain Alpha wave power spectra and the average proportion of the difference during the test period, and use the numerical difference and the average proportion as quantitative indicators of depression-associated lateralization level.

[0057] The transcranial electrical stimulation module is configured to determine the target point and current amplitude of transcranial electrical stimulation based on the quantitative indicators output by the lateralization level analysis module, wherein the target point is selected from the frontal lobe with a low power spectrum value, and the current amplitude is set according to the average proportion.

[0058] The control module is used to control the coordinated operation of the EEG acquisition module, the lateralization level analysis module, and the transcranial electrical stimulation module.

[0059] In some specific embodiments, the transcranial electrical stimulation module is configured to determine the target point and current amplitude of transcranial electrical stimulation based on the quantitative indicators output by the lateralization level analysis module, wherein the target point is selected from the frontal lobe with a lower power spectrum value, and the current amplitude is set according to the average proportion, including:

[0060] When the difference between the left brain Alpha wave power and the right brain Alpha wave power is negative and the average proportion is less than the first threshold, it is determined to be lateralization abnormality, and the transcranial electrical stimulation target point is set to the left frontal lobe of the brain, and the current amplitude is set to 1000-1500μA.

[0061] When the difference between the left brain Alpha wave power and the right brain Alpha wave power is positive and the average proportion is greater than the second threshold, the target point is set to the right frontal lobe and the current amplitude is set to 800-1200μA.

[0062] When the target is set to the left frontal lobe or the target is set to the right frontal lobe, the corresponding 8-13Hz frequency band is divided into multiple 1Hz sub-bands. The multiple 1Hz sub-bands are compared to obtain the sub-band with the largest power spectrum difference, and the transcranial electrical stimulation frequency is set as the center frequency of the sub-band.

[0063] It employs focused, high-precision electrical stimulation with a concentric circle electrode arrangement pattern. The central electrode is the input, and the surrounding electrodes are the output. Both the central and surrounding electrodes are arranged in the hemisphere of the brain.

[0064] Transcranial electrical stimulation is performed based on the set target points and current amplitudes. During the stimulation process, the EEG signals are re-acquired and the lateralization level index is updated every 2 minutes. Stimulation is stopped when the lateralization level index falls within ±5% of the numerical difference and the average proportion is within the preset threshold range.

[0065] It should be understood that power spectrum data of left and right brain alpha waves (8-13Hz) are extracted from effective EEG signals. The numerical difference between the power spectra of left and right brain alpha waves is calculated, along with the average percentage of this difference during the test period (average percentage = duration during which left brain power > right brain power / total test duration). These two values ​​are used as indicators of depression-associated lateralization levels. If the lateralization level indicator shows that the right brain alpha wave power is significantly higher than the left brain (numerical difference is negative and average percentage < 30%), it is judged as lateralization abnormality (suggesting a depressive state), and the transcranial electrical stimulation target is set to the left frontal lobe, with a current amplitude of 1000-1500μA. If the left brain alpha wave power is significantly higher than the right brain (numerical difference is positive and average percentage > 70%), the target is set to the right frontal lobe, with a current amplitude of 800-1200μA. Transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) was performed based on the set target points and current amplitude. During stimulation, EEG signals were re-acquired and lateralization level indicators were updated every 2 minutes until the indicators fell within the normal range of ±5% and the average proportion was between 40% and 60%. Stimulation was then stopped. The specific rules for setting the current amplitude were as follows: when the average proportion was <20% (severe lateralization), the current amplitude was set to 1500 μA; when 20% ≤ average proportion <30% (moderate lateralization), the current amplitude was set to 1200 μA; when the average proportion was >70% (excessive left hemisphere lateralization), the current amplitude was set to 800 μA; when 60% < average proportion ≤70% (mild left hemisphere lateralization), the current amplitude was set to 1000 μA. Furthermore, if the real-time average proportion moved closer to the normal range during stimulation, the current amplitude was reduced by 100 μA for every 5% closer it moved.

[0066] First, collect total frequency data of 8-13Hz Alpha waves, calculate the numerical difference and average proportion, determine whether there is lateralization abnormality, determine the stimulation target (left brain / right brain) and the initial current amplitude.

[0067] Within the 8-13Hz frequency band corresponding to the identified "frontal lobe requiring stimulation", sub-bands of 1Hz (8-9Hz, 9-10Hz, etc.) are divided. The sub-band with the greatest power difference between the left and right hemispheres is found, and the stimulation frequency of tACS is set to the center frequency of that sub-band (e.g., if the greatest difference is 10-11Hz, it is set to 10.5Hz).

[0068] In some specific embodiments, the transcranial electrical stimulation module is disposed on the scalp of the target patient, and the transcranial electrical stimulation module is also configured to stimulate the scalp of the target patient.

[0069] In some specific embodiments, a data acquisition module is also included, configured to acquire basic information of the target patient, select the transcranial electrical stimulation module based on the basic information, and set corresponding initial transcranial electrical stimulation parameters; and acquire the physiological signals of the target patient in real time.

[0070] The control module corrects the initial parameters of the transcranial electrical stimulation module based on the physiological signals of the target patient.

[0071] The transcranial electrical stimulation module includes transcranial direct current stimulation, transcranial alternating current stimulation, and transcranial random noise electrical stimulation.

[0072] The basic information of the target patient includes: age and medical history; the physiological signals include: electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation.

[0073] The acquisition module is configured to acquire basic information of the target patient, select the transcranial electrical stimulation module based on the basic information, and set corresponding initial transcranial electrical stimulation parameters; when acquiring the physiological signals of the target patient in real time, it includes:

[0074] The acquisition module is also configured such that when the target patient's medical history shows mild depression, the transcranial electrical stimulation module is transcranial alternating current stimulation.

[0075] When the target patient's medical history shows moderate depression, the transcranial electrical stimulation module is a combination of transcranial alternating current stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation.

[0076] When the target patient's medical history shows major depression, the transcranial electrical stimulation module is a transcranial alternating current stimulation, a transcranial direct current stimulation, or a transcranial random noise stimulation.

[0077] It should be understood that, firstly, the acquisition module actively obtains basic information about the target patient, with age and medical history as the core information. Medical history directly correlates with the severity of depression, while age focuses on the physiological differences between special groups such as adolescents and the elderly, providing a basis for the subsequent selection of the transcranial electrical stimulation (TCS) module and the setting of initial parameters. In the module selection phase, the acquisition module follows the principle of "severity matching stimulation intensity": when the patient's medical history shows mild depression, only transcranial alternating current (AC) stimulation is selected, as its stimulation method is relatively mild and suitable for intervention needs with milder symptoms; for moderate depression, a combination of transcranial AC and transcranial direct current (DC) stimulation is used to enhance the intervention effect through the synergy of the two stimulation modes; for patients with severe depression, transcranial random noise stimulation needs to be further added, forming a combined scheme of three stimulation modes to address more complex pathological conditions. Meanwhile, considering the unique characteristics of adolescent brain development, the acquisition module performs "downgrading" of the stimulation protocol: if an adolescent patient would normally receive transcranial alternating current stimulation or transcranial random noise stimulation, it will automatically downgrade to transcranial direct current stimulation to avoid excessive impact on the immature brain; for the elderly, if transcranial alternating current stimulation is selected, a specific frequency threshold range will be preset, and if transcranial random noise stimulation is selected, a noise intensity threshold range will be preset, thus limiting and adapting to the degenerative characteristics of brain function in the elderly through parameter restrictions. In addition, the acquisition module also captures the patient's physiological signals in real time, including electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation. This dynamic data will serve as a key basis for the control module to correct the stimulation parameters.

[0078] The control module constructs a "dynamic feedback correction" mechanism based on real-time physiological signals provided by the acquisition module to ensure the safety and effectiveness of transcranial electrical stimulation (TCS). The control module's correction logic varies depending on the stimulation module: When using transcranial direct current (DC) stimulation, if the patient's EEG signal is lower than a preset power threshold, a first adjustment coefficient is immediately determined, and the DC stimulation intensity is reduced accordingly to avoid insufficient or excessive stimulation. If the heart rate exceeds a preset threshold range (too high or too low), a second adjustment coefficient is determined, simultaneously reducing the stimulation intensity and shortening the stimulation time to minimize potential impact on the cardiovascular system. Once blood oxygen saturation falls below a preset threshold, a first warning signal is issued and stimulation is stopped to prevent hypoxia. In transcranial alternating current (AC) stimulation scenarios, if the EEG signal is lower than a preset power threshold, the control module determines a third adjustment coefficient to reduce the stimulation intensity; if the heart rate is abnormal, the stimulation intensity and time are simultaneously reduced using a fourth adjustment coefficient; if blood oxygen saturation is low, the stimulation intensity is reduced using a fifth adjustment coefficient, rather than directly stopping stimulation, thus maintaining treatment continuity as much as possible while ensuring safety. For transcranial random noise electrical stimulation (TNS), if the EEG signal is substandard, the stimulation intensity is reduced using the sixth adjustment coefficient; if the heart rate is abnormal or the blood oxygen saturation is low, the stimulation intensity and duration are reduced simultaneously using the seventh adjustment coefficient, achieving a synergistic response to abnormalities in these two key physiological indicators. Through this closed-loop "acquisition-feedback-correction" working mode, the system can continuously optimize the TNS protocol based on the patient's individual differences and real-time physiological state, ensuring treatment effectiveness while minimizing safety risks.

[0079] In some specific embodiments, the acquisition module is configured to acquire basic information of the target patient, select the transcranial electrical stimulation module based on the basic information, and set corresponding initial transcranial electrical stimulation parameters; when acquiring the physiological signals of the target patient in real time, it includes:

[0080] The acquisition module is also configured to: when the target patient is an adolescent and the transcranial alternating current stimulation is selected for treatment, downgrade the transcranial alternating current stimulation to the transcranial direct current stimulation for treatment;

[0081] When the target patient is an adolescent and the transcranial random noise electrical stimulation is selected for treatment, the transcranial random noise electrical stimulation is downgraded to the transcranial direct current stimulation for treatment.

[0082] When the target patient is an adolescent and the transcranial direct current stimulation is selected for treatment, no changes are made.

[0083] In some specific embodiments, the acquisition module is configured to acquire basic information of the target patient, select the transcranial electrical stimulation module based on the basic information, and set corresponding initial transcranial electrical stimulation parameters; when acquiring the physiological signals of the target patient in real time, it includes:

[0084] The acquisition module is also configured to, when the target patient is an elderly person and the transcranial alternating current stimulation is selected for treatment, preset a frequency threshold range and treat the target patient according to the frequency threshold range;

[0085] When the target patient is an elderly person and transcranial random noise electrical stimulation is selected for treatment, a preset noise intensity threshold range is established, and the target patient is treated according to the noise intensity threshold range.

[0086] It should be understood that the data collection module first obtains the patient's age information. If the patient is determined to be an adolescent (defined below), a special configuration process is initiated, and the stimulation module is initially matched in conjunction with the degree of depression in the patient's medical history.

[0087] If the initial match based on the medical history is transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) (usually corresponding to moderate depression), the acquisition module will trigger a downgrading mechanism, adjusting the stimulation module to transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Because tACS regulates nerve rhythms through alternating current, the stimulation intensity and mode of action may pose potential risks to the adolescent nervous system. Downgrading to tDCS allows for the regulation of neuronal excitability through a gentler direct current, reducing the stimulation risk.

[0088] If the initial match based on the medical history is transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) (usually corresponding to major depression), the acquisition module will also trigger a downgrade mechanism, adjusting the stimulation module to transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). tRNS has a strong modulatory effect of random noise current, and since the nervous system of adolescents is not yet fully developed, downgrading to tDCS can avoid excessive neural modulation and ensure treatment safety.

[0089] If the initial match based on the medical history is transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) (usually corresponding to mild depression), the acquisition module determines that there is no need to downgrade and directly retains tDCS as the stimulation module. At the same time, based on the physiological characteristics of adolescents (such as scalp thickness and nerve sensitivity), the initial parameters are set to be lower current intensity (such as 0.5-1mA) and shorter single stimulation duration (such as 15-20 minutes).

[0090] After completing the module selection and parameter setting, the acquisition module continuously acquires the adolescent's EEG signals, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation in real time. This verifies the adaptability of the downgraded parameters and provides data support for the control module to subsequently correct the parameters, further ensuring safety.

[0091] The data acquisition module first obtains the patient's age information. If the patient is determined to be elderly, it then matches the degree of depression in the patient's medical history with the stimulation module (mild → tDCS, moderate → tACS, severe → tRNS). Special parameter configurations are activated for tACS and tRNS.

[0092] If the match is transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) (corresponding to moderate depression), the acquisition module will preset a "frequency threshold range" (usually 1-10Hz, the specific range needs to be set based on clinical data). Because the nervous system function of the elderly degenerates, their tolerance to high-frequency current is low. Limiting the frequency range can avoid discomfort such as dizziness and headache caused by high-frequency stimulation, while ensuring that tACS achieves the therapeutic effect by regulating the abnormal oscillation pattern of the brain through low-frequency current.

[0093] If the match is transcranial random noise electrical stimulation (tRNS) (corresponding to major depression), the acquisition module will preset a "noise intensity threshold range" (usually 0.1-0.8mA). In older adults, cerebral blood vessel elasticity decreases and nerve sensitivity declines; excessively high noise intensity may increase cardiovascular burden. Limiting the intensity range can ensure that tRNS enhances neural plasticity while reducing cardiovascular risk and the probability of nerve damage.

[0094] If the matching is transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) (corresponding to mild depression), the acquisition module does not preset a threshold range, but will set conservative initial parameters (such as current intensity 0.8-1.2mA, single stimulation duration 20-25 minutes) based on the physiological characteristics of the elderly (such as skin resistance and blood circulation speed) to avoid insufficient or excessive stimulation.

[0095] Adolescents: In this system, this specifically refers to patients aged 12-17 years. This group's nervous system is still developing and maturing, with unstable neuronal connections. They are highly sensitive to external neuromodulation stimuli but have lower tolerance than adults. Therefore, "stimulus type downgrading" is necessary to reduce treatment risks and adapt to their physiological development characteristics.

[0096] Elderly: This system specifically refers to patients aged 60 and above. Due to physiological decline, this group exhibits characteristics such as reduced excitability of the nervous system, weakened cardiovascular function, and decreased skin barrier function. They have low tolerance to high-frequency, high-intensity transcranial electrical stimulation and are prone to adverse reactions. Therefore, it is necessary to control the stimulation intensity through a "preset parameter threshold range" to ensure treatment safety.

[0097] In some specific embodiments, when the control module corrects the initial transcranial electrical stimulation parameters corresponding to the transcranial electrical stimulation module based on the physiological signals of the target patient, it includes:

[0098] The control module is further configured to, when the transcranial direct current stimulation therapy is selected and the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal is less than a preset power threshold, determine a first adjustment coefficient and reduce the intensity of the transcranial direct current stimulation according to the first adjustment coefficient.

[0099] When the transcranial direct current stimulation therapy is selected, and the heart rate is greater than or less than a preset heart rate threshold range, a second adjustment coefficient is determined, and the intensity and duration of the transcranial direct current stimulation are reduced according to the second adjustment coefficient.

[0100] When the transcranial direct current stimulation therapy is selected and the blood oxygen saturation is less than the preset blood oxygen saturation threshold, a first warning signal is issued and the stimulation is stopped.

[0101] In some specific embodiments, when the control module corrects the initial transcranial electrical stimulation parameters corresponding to the transcranial electrical stimulation module based on the physiological signals of the target patient, the control module is further configured to:

[0102] When the transcranial alternating current stimulation therapy is selected and the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal is less than the preset power threshold, a third adjustment coefficient is determined, and the intensity of the transcranial direct current stimulation is reduced according to the third adjustment coefficient.

[0103] When the transcranial alternating current stimulation therapy is selected, and the heart rate is greater than or less than the preset heart rate threshold range, a fourth adjustment coefficient is determined, and the intensity and duration of the transcranial alternating current stimulation are reduced according to the fourth adjustment coefficient.

[0104] When the transcranial alternating current stimulation therapy is selected and the blood oxygen saturation is less than the preset blood oxygen saturation threshold, a fifth adjustment coefficient is determined, and the intensity of the transcranial alternating current stimulation is reduced according to the fifth adjustment coefficient.

[0105] In some specific embodiments, when the control module corrects the initial transcranial electrical stimulation parameters corresponding to the transcranial electrical stimulation module based on the physiological signals of the target patient, the control module is further configured to:

[0106] When the transcranial random noise electrical stimulation therapy is selected and the EEG signal is less than the preset power threshold, a sixth adjustment coefficient is determined, and the intensity of the transcranial random noise electrical stimulation is reduced according to the sixth adjustment coefficient.

[0107] When the transcranial random noise electrical stimulation therapy is selected, and the heart rate is greater than or less than a preset heart rate threshold range or the blood oxygen saturation is less than a preset blood oxygen saturation threshold, a seventh adjustment coefficient is determined, and the intensity and duration of the transcranial random noise electrical stimulation are reduced according to the seventh adjustment coefficient.

[0108] It should be understood that when the system is in tDCS treatment mode, the control module continuously receives the patient's EEG signals and monitors their power values. If the EEG signal power is less than a preset power threshold (this threshold is set based on the baseline EEG of healthy individuals and the treatment target for depression, such as below the normal power range of 8-12Hz alpha waves), it indicates that the current stimulation intensity may exceed the patient's neural tolerance, leading to excessive inhibition of cortical excitability. At this time, the control module automatically calculates and determines the first adjustment coefficient (such as a coefficient of 0.6-0.9 set according to the power difference, with a smaller coefficient as the power decreases), and then reduces the tDCS stimulation intensity according to the formula "corrected intensity = initial intensity × first adjustment coefficient" to avoid excessive neural inhibition affecting the treatment effect.

[0109] The control module simultaneously monitors the patient's heart rate. If the heart rate exceeds the preset upper limit of the heart rate threshold (e.g., 100 beats / minute for adults at rest) or falls below the lower limit (e.g., 50 beats / minute for adults at rest), it indicates that the current stimulation may trigger a physiological stress response in the patient. The control module immediately determines a second adjustment coefficient (the larger the coefficient, typically 0.5-0.8, the more the heart rate deviates from the range). On the one hand, the tDCS stimulation intensity is reduced according to the coefficient, minimizing indirect effects on the cardiovascular system; on the other hand, the single stimulation time is shortened according to the same coefficient (e.g., initially 20 minutes, shortened to 14 minutes with a coefficient of 0.7), reducing the physiological burden caused by continuous stimulation.

[0110] When the blood oxygen saturation value is lower than the preset threshold (usually 93%, which indicates insufficient oxygen supply to the body), the control module determines that the patient may be at risk of hypoxia. At this time, without adjusting the parameters, it directly triggers the first warning signal (such as the device's audible and visual alarm, or sends a prompt message to the medical terminal), and immediately cuts off the tDCS stimulation output to avoid more serious health risks caused by continuous stimulation in a hypoxic state.

[0111] In the tACS treatment mode, the control module also uses three types of physiological signals as a basis, and performs differentiated corrections based on the "frequency + intensity" parameter characteristics of tACS. The specific rules are as follows:

[0112] If the EEG signal power is less than the preset threshold, it indicates that the current tACS stimulation may lead to excessive inhibition of neural activity. The control module determines the third adjustment coefficient (referring to the logic of the first adjustment coefficient of tDCS, and considering the slightly higher intensity of tACS stimulation, the coefficient range is set to 0.7-0.95), and reduces the intensity of tACS stimulation according to the coefficient (Note: "reduce the intensity of transcranial direct current stimulation" in the original text should be a wording error; the actual correction target is the intensity of tACS), thereby restoring the normal level of neural activity in the cerebral cortex by weakening the current effect.

[0113] When the heart rate exceeds the preset threshold range, the control module calculates the fourth adjustment coefficient (because tACS regulates nerve rhythm more directly, the coefficient is set slightly lower than the second adjustment coefficient of tDCS, such as 0.4-0.7), and simultaneously reduces the tACS stimulation intensity and the duration of a single stimulation. For example, if the initial intensity is 1.5 mA and the duration is 25 minutes with a coefficient of 0.6, it is corrected to an intensity of 0.9 mA and a duration of 15 minutes, which reduces the impact of stimulation on the heart rate and avoids insufficient therapeutic effect after shortening the duration.

[0114] If the blood oxygen saturation falls below a preset threshold, the control module determines that the patient is in a state of mild hypoxia (not reaching the risk level requiring emergency cessation of tDCS), determines the fifth adjustment coefficient (usually 0.5-0.8), and only reduces the intensity of tACS stimulation without stopping treatment. By reducing the metabolic demands of the stimulation on the body, the discomfort caused by hypoxia is alleviated, while blood oxygen changes are continuously monitored. If the oxygen saturation further decreases, an early warning is triggered.

[0115] As the most potent type of stimulus, tRNS requires a more cautious correction strategy in its control module. The specific principle is as follows:

[0116] When the EEG signal power is less than a preset threshold, the control module determines a sixth adjustment coefficient (set to 0.5-0.85 because tRNS noise current has a stronger impact on neural plasticity), and reduces the tRNS stimulation intensity according to the coefficient. For example, if the initial noise intensity is 0.8 mA, it is corrected to 0.48 mA with a coefficient of 0.6. By reducing the amplitude of random current fluctuations, excessive enhancement of nerve cell membrane potential fluctuations is avoided, thus protecting nerve function.

[0117] If the heart rate exceeds a preset threshold range, or the blood oxygen saturation falls below a preset threshold (either of these two signals is sufficient to trigger the response), the control module determines that the patient's physiological state is abnormal. At this point, a seventh adjustment coefficient (the lowest among the three types of stimulation, such as 0.3-0.6) is determined, and the intensity and duration of the tRNS stimulation are simultaneously reduced. For example, if the initial intensity is 0.7 mA and the duration is 30 minutes, with a coefficient of 0.5, it is corrected to an intensity of 0.35 mA and a duration of 15 minutes. By adjusting these two parameters, the cumulative effect of strong stimulation on the abnormal physiological state is minimized, ensuring treatment safety.

[0118] A second embodiment of a method for adjusting depressive states based on transcranial electrical stimulation according to an embodiment of this application includes the following steps:

[0119] S100: Acquire EEG signals from the left and right frontal lobe regions of the brain via even-numbered leads;

[0120] S200. After noise filtering of the collected left and right brain EEG signals, extract the power spectrum data of the left and right brain Alpha waves at 8-13Hz, calculate the numerical difference of the power spectrum of the left and right brain Alpha waves and the average proportion of the difference during the test period, and use the numerical difference and the average proportion as quantitative indicators of the depression-associated lateralization level.

[0121] S300. Based on the quantitative indicators output by the lateralization level analysis module, determine the target point and current amplitude of transcranial electrical stimulation, wherein the target point is selected from the frontal lobe with a lower power spectrum value, and the current amplitude is set according to the average proportion.

[0122] The S400, along with the EEG acquisition module, lateralization level analysis module, and transcranial electrical stimulation module, works in tandem.

[0123] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program goods. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program goods embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0124] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program goods according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0125] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0126] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0127] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for adjusting depressive states based on transcranial electrical stimulation, characterized in that, include: The EEG acquisition module is configured to acquire EEG signals from the left and right frontal lobe regions of the brain in even-numbered leads; The lateralization level analysis module is configured to filter noise from the collected left and right brain EEG signals, extract the power spectrum data of the left and right brain Alpha waves at 8-13Hz, calculate the numerical difference between the left and right brain Alpha wave power spectra and the average proportion of the difference during the test period, and use the numerical difference and the average proportion as quantitative indicators of depression-associated lateralization level. The transcranial electrical stimulation module is configured to determine the target point and current amplitude of transcranial electrical stimulation based on the quantitative indicators output by the lateralization level analysis module, wherein the target point is selected from the frontal lobe with a low power spectrum value, and the current amplitude is set according to the average proportion. The control module is used to control the coordinated operation of the EEG acquisition module, the lateralization level analysis module, and the transcranial electrical stimulation module. When the difference between the left brain Alpha wave power and the right brain Alpha wave power is negative and the average proportion is less than the first threshold, it is determined to be lateralization abnormality, and the transcranial electrical stimulation target point is set to the left frontal lobe of the brain, and the current amplitude is set to 1000-1500μA. When the difference between the left brain Alpha wave power and the right brain Alpha wave power is positive and the average proportion is greater than the second threshold, the target point is set to the right frontal lobe and the current amplitude is set to 800-1200μA. When the target is set to the left frontal lobe or the target is set to the right frontal lobe, the corresponding 8-13Hz frequency band is divided into multiple 1Hz sub-bands. The multiple 1Hz sub-bands are compared to obtain the sub-band with the largest power spectrum difference, and the transcranial electrical stimulation frequency is set as the center frequency of the sub-band. It employs focused, high-precision electrical stimulation with a concentric circle electrode arrangement pattern. The central electrode is the input, and the surrounding electrodes are the output. Both the central and surrounding electrodes are arranged in the hemisphere of the brain. Transcranial electrical stimulation is performed based on the set target and current amplitude. During the stimulation process, the EEG signal is re-acquired and the lateralization level index is updated every 2 minutes. Stimulation is stopped when the lateralization level index falls within ±5% of the numerical difference and the average proportion is within the preset threshold range. The transcranial electrical stimulation module is placed on the scalp of the target patient, and the transcranial electrical stimulation module is also configured to stimulate the scalp of the target patient; It also includes a data acquisition module, configured to acquire basic information of the target patient, select the transcranial electrical stimulation module based on the basic information, and set the corresponding initial parameters for transcranial electrical stimulation. Real-time acquisition of the target patient's physiological signals; The control module corrects the initial parameters of the transcranial electrical stimulation module based on the physiological signals of the target patient. The transcranial electrical stimulation module includes transcranial direct current stimulation, transcranial alternating current stimulation, and transcranial random noise electrical stimulation. The basic information of the target patient includes: age and medical history; the physiological signals include: electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation. The acquisition module is configured to acquire basic information of the target patient, select the transcranial electrical stimulation module based on the basic information, and set corresponding initial transcranial electrical stimulation parameters; when acquiring the physiological signals of the target patient in real time, it includes: The acquisition module is also configured such that when the target patient's medical history shows mild depression, the transcranial electrical stimulation module is transcranial alternating current stimulation. When the target patient's medical history shows moderate depression, the transcranial electrical stimulation module is a combination of transcranial alternating current stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation. When the target patient's medical history shows major depression, the transcranial electrical stimulation module is a transcranial alternating current stimulation, a transcranial direct current stimulation, or a transcranial random noise electrical stimulation. The acquisition module is also configured to: when the target patient is an adolescent and the transcranial alternating current stimulation is selected for treatment, downgrade the transcranial alternating current stimulation to the transcranial direct current stimulation for treatment; When the target patient is an adolescent and the transcranial random noise electrical stimulation is selected for treatment, the transcranial random noise electrical stimulation is downgraded to the transcranial direct current stimulation for treatment. When the target patient is an adolescent and the transcranial direct current stimulation is selected for treatment, no changes are made. The acquisition module is also configured to, when the target patient is an elderly person and the transcranial alternating current stimulation is selected for treatment, preset a frequency threshold range and treat the target patient according to the frequency threshold range; When the target patient is an elderly person and transcranial random noise electrical stimulation is selected for treatment, a preset noise intensity threshold range is used, and the target patient is treated according to the noise intensity threshold range. The control module is further configured to, when the transcranial direct current stimulation therapy is selected and the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal is less than a preset power threshold, determine a first adjustment coefficient and reduce the intensity of the transcranial direct current stimulation according to the first adjustment coefficient. When the transcranial direct current stimulation therapy is selected, and the heart rate is greater than or less than a preset heart rate threshold range, a second adjustment coefficient is determined, and the intensity and duration of the transcranial direct current stimulation are reduced according to the second adjustment coefficient. When the transcranial direct current stimulation therapy is selected and the blood oxygen saturation is less than the preset blood oxygen saturation threshold, a first warning signal is issued and the stimulation is stopped. When the transcranial alternating current stimulation therapy is selected and the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal is less than the preset power threshold, a third adjustment coefficient is determined, and the intensity of the transcranial direct current stimulation is reduced according to the third adjustment coefficient. When the transcranial alternating current stimulation therapy is selected, and the heart rate is greater than or less than the preset heart rate threshold range, a fourth adjustment coefficient is determined, and the intensity and duration of the transcranial alternating current stimulation are reduced according to the fourth adjustment coefficient. When the transcranial alternating current stimulation therapy is selected and the blood oxygen saturation is less than the preset blood oxygen saturation threshold, a fifth adjustment coefficient is determined, and the intensity of the transcranial alternating current stimulation is reduced according to the fifth adjustment coefficient. The control module is also configured to: When the transcranial random noise electrical stimulation therapy is selected and the EEG signal is less than the preset power threshold, a sixth adjustment coefficient is determined, and the intensity of the transcranial random noise electrical stimulation is reduced according to the sixth adjustment coefficient. When the transcranial random noise electrical stimulation therapy is selected, and the heart rate is greater than or less than a preset heart rate threshold range or the blood oxygen saturation is less than a preset blood oxygen saturation threshold, a seventh adjustment coefficient is determined, and the intensity and duration of the transcranial random noise electrical stimulation are reduced according to the seventh adjustment coefficient.

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