Multi-stream heat exchanger

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-stream heat exchanger, and belongs to the technical field of heat exchange equipment. The multi-stream heat exchanger comprises a shell and at least two groups of tube-side heat exchange components arranged in parallel along the vertical direction of the axial line of the shell, the shell is provided with a shell-side inlet and a shell-side outlet, each group of the tube-side heat exchange components is provided with a tube-side inlet and a tube-side outlet; each group of the tube-side heat exchange components comprises a tube bundle, a first tube plate and a second tube plate fixed at both ends of the tube bundle, and a first tube box and a second tube box for fixing the first tube plate and the second tube plate; the tube bundle is composed of a plurality of layers of heat exchange units which are staggered and stacked, each layer of the heat exchange units is a serpentine coil structure and is formed by at least one heat exchange pipe which is bent along the radial direction of the shell, and the outer periphery of each layer of the heat exchange units is circular. The tube bundle of the multi-stream heat exchanger can fully utilize the heat exchange space, not only improves the heat exchange efficiency, but also uniformly exchanges heat, and has good heat exchange effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat exchange equipment technology, and more specifically to a multi-stream heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] Heat exchangers are crucial heat exchange equipment in chemical production processes. Among them, multi-flow heat exchangers are highly efficient devices capable of simultaneously handling the heat exchange of two or more fluids, offering significant advantages in energy saving, consumption reduction, and compact design. Currently, multi-flow heat exchangers mainly include shell-and-tube multi-pass heat exchangers and coiled-tube multi-pass heat exchangers.

[0003] For shell-and-tube multi-pass heat exchangers, multiple tube bundles are arranged perpendicular to the shell axis. Due to the structural limitations of the shell-and-tube bundles, tubes cannot be placed in the space on both sides of the shell, resulting in low shell space utilization and an inability to fully utilize the shell space to improve heat exchange efficiency. For wound-tube multi-pass heat exchangers, multiple tube bundles are arranged along the shell axis, and the heat exchange tubes consist of wound sections and straight sections. Due to the structural characteristics of wound-tube bundles, the straight sections of the heat exchange tubes are relatively long, resulting in short heat exchange cycles and low heat exchange efficiency. In other words, the straight sections occupy a large portion of the heat exchange area with low heat exchange efficiency, limiting the improvement of heat exchange effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem of limited heat exchange efficiency in multi-flow heat exchangers, this invention provides a multi-flow heat exchanger.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0006] A multi-flow heat exchanger includes a shell and at least two sets of tube-side heat exchange components arranged in parallel along a direction perpendicular to the shell axis. The shell has a shell-side inlet and a shell-side outlet, and each set of tube-side heat exchange components has a tube-side inlet and a tube-side outlet.

[0007] Each tube-side heat exchange assembly includes a tube bundle, a first tube sheet and a second tube sheet fixed at both ends of the tube bundle, and a first tube box and a second tube box for fixing the first tube sheet and the second tube sheet, respectively. The tube bundle, the first tube sheet and the second tube sheet are fixed inside the shell, and the first tube box and the second tube box extend outside the shell.

[0008] The tube bundle consists of several layers of staggered heat exchange units. Each layer of heat exchange unit has a serpentine coil structure and is formed by bending at least one heat exchange tube along a direction parallel to the radial direction of the shell. The outer periphery of each layer of heat exchange unit is circular.

[0009] Furthermore, when the number of heat exchange tubes in each heat exchange unit is two or more, the multiple heat exchange tubes are parallel to each other and located in the same plane.

[0010] Furthermore, each heat exchange unit has straight pipe sections at both ends, and the straight pipe sections at both ends of the heat exchange unit are fixedly connected to the first tube sheet and the second tube sheet, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, at least one side of the tube bundle is provided with a tube bundle support plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the tube bundle support plate is disc-shaped, and both ends of the tube bundle support plate are fixedly connected to the first tube sheet and the second tube sheet respectively through support plate connectors.

[0013] Furthermore, the tube bundle support plate has several flow holes or flow grooves.

[0014] Furthermore, a gasket is provided between the heat exchange unit on the side of the tube bundle near the tube bundle support plate and the tube bundle support plate.

[0015] Furthermore, a gasket is provided between two adjacent heat exchange units of the tube bundle.

[0016] Furthermore, the tube bundles of multiple sets of tube-side heat exchange components are arranged in parallel or in series.

[0017] Furthermore, the multi-flow heat exchanger is placed vertically or horizontally.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0019] (1) The present invention provides a multi-flow heat exchanger having multiple sets of tube-side heat exchange components arranged in parallel along the direction perpendicular to the shell axis, and the tube bundle of each set of tube-side heat exchange components is composed of several layers of heat exchange units stacked in an alternating manner. Each layer of heat exchange unit is a serpentine coil structure and is formed by bending at least one heat exchange tube along the radial direction parallel to the shell. The outer periphery of each layer of heat exchange unit is circular, which can ensure that the tube bundle occupies the shell space as much as possible, improve the shell space utilization rate, and the length of a single heat exchange tube can reach the maximum within a limited space, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and ensuring the heat exchange effect.

[0020] (2) In the tube bundle of the present invention, since each heat exchange unit is formed by bending at least one heat exchange tube along the radial direction parallel to the shell, the length of the heat exchange tube of each heat exchange unit can be basically controlled to the same length range, and there will be no obvious difference in the length of the heat exchange tube, thereby ensuring that the tube side medium flows through each heat exchange unit for a similar time, and fully ensuring the heat exchange uniformity of the tube side medium.

[0021] (3) In the tube bundle of the present invention, several layers of heat exchange units are stacked alternately, so that the tube bundle indirectly forms a mesh structure. When the shell-side medium flows through the heat exchange area of ​​the mesh structure, it is dispersed and turbulent, so that the heat exchange effect is improved by generating turbulence through the tube bundle itself without the presence of a turbulence plate.

[0022] (4) At least one side of the tube bundle of the present invention is provided with a support structure, preferably provided on the shell side inlet side, which can support the tube bundle, reduce tube bundle vibration caused by shell side medium impact, and prevent tube bundle deformation; and the support structure has several flow holes or flow grooves, which will not affect the flow of shell side medium, and can further disperse shell side medium, thereby improving heat exchange effect.

[0023] (5) The multi-stream heat exchanger of the present invention can be in the form of multiple tube bundles in parallel or series, which can realize the simultaneous heat exchange of one or more materials. The multi-tube bundle structure can monitor the heat exchange temperature in segments, reasonably adjust the heat exchange, and save energy.

[0024] (6) The multi-flow heat exchanger of the present invention has high heat exchange efficiency, good heat exchange effect and uniform heat exchange, and can be applied to harsh heat exchange conditions with small flow rate and large temperature difference. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-stream heat exchanger in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the tube-side heat exchange assembly in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the tube bundle in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single-layer heat exchange unit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the tube sheet hole distribution on the first or second tube sheet in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of two adjacent layers of heat exchange tubes stacked alternately in the tube bundle of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the tube bundle in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the tube bundle support plate and the first tube sheet and the second tube sheet in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the tube bundle support plate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the tube bundle support plate in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the tube bundle support plate in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-stream heat exchanger in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-stream heat exchanger in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single-layer heat exchange unit in Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the bending of one of the heat exchange tubes in the single-layer heat exchange unit of Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the tube sheet hole distribution on the first or second tube sheet in Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

[0042] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Shell; 101. Shell-side inlet; 102. Shell-side outlet; 2. Tube-side heat exchange assembly; 201. Tube bundle; 202. First tube sheet; 203. Second tube sheet; 204. First tube box; 205. Second tube box; 206. Tube-side inlet; 207. Tube-side outlet; 208. Heat exchange unit; 209. Tube bundle support plate; 210. Support plate connector; 211. Gasket; 212. Tube sheet hole; 3. Temperature monitoring interface. Detailed Implementation

[0043] This invention provides a multi-flow heat exchanger. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of this invention clearer and more explicit, the invention is further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0044] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Reference Figure 1 This embodiment provides a multi-flow heat exchanger, which is horizontally placed and includes a shell 1 and four sets of tube heat exchange components 2 arranged in parallel along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the shell 1. The shell 1 is provided with a shell inlet 101 and a shell outlet 102 that are connected to the inside of the shell 1.

[0047] Reference Figure 2 Each tube heat exchange assembly 2 includes a tube bundle 201, a first tube sheet 202 and a second tube sheet 203 fixed at both ends of the tube bundle 201, and a first tube box 204 and a second tube box 205 respectively used to fix the first tube sheet 202 and the second tube sheet 203. The tube bundle 201, the first tube sheet 202, and the second tube sheet 203 are fixed inside the housing 1. The first tube box 204 and the second tube box 205 extend outside the housing 1, and the first tube box 204 and the second tube box 205 are respectively provided with a tube inlet 206 and a tube outlet 207 that communicate with the inside of the tube box.

[0048] Both the first pipe box 204 and the second pipe box 205 are composed of pipe box sections and pipe box end caps. The pipe box sections are welded and fixed to the corresponding mounting holes on the shell 1. One end of the pipe box section extends into the shell 1 and is welded and fixed to the corresponding first tube sheet 202 or second tube sheet 203. The other end of the pipe box section extends out of the shell 1 and is fixedly connected to the pipe box end cap through a flange. In addition, when welding the pipe box section to the first tube sheet 202 and the second tube sheet 203, an internal bevel welding method is used on one side of the pipe box section.

[0049] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The aforementioned tube bundle 201 is composed of several layers of staggered heat exchange units 208. Each layer of heat exchange unit 208 has a serpentine coil structure, and the outer periphery of each layer of heat exchange unit 208 is circular, with its outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the shell 1. The tube bundle 201 formed by stacking the aforementioned layers of heat exchange units 208 is cylindrical, which ensures that the tube bundle 201 occupies as much radial space as possible in the shell 1, thereby improving the space utilization rate of the shell 1 and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0050] Each heat exchange unit 208 is formed by bending a single heat exchange tube along a radial direction parallel to the shell 1. Compared to straight heat exchange tubes, the serpentine coil structure heat exchange unit 208 formed by bending in this embodiment increases the length within a limited space, prolonging the heat exchange time and improving the heat exchange effect; and the length of each heat exchange unit 208 is basically the same, ensuring that the time for the tube-side medium to flow through each heat exchange unit 208 is nearly consistent, thus fully ensuring the heat exchange uniformity of the tube-side medium.

[0051] Each heat exchange unit 208 has straight pipe sections reserved at both ends, perpendicular to the first tube sheet 202 and the second tube sheet 203. These straight pipe sections are welded and fixed to the tube sheet holes 212 on the first tube sheet 202 and the second tube sheet 203, respectively. The positions of the tube sheet holes 212 on the first tube sheet 202 and the second tube sheet 203 are determined based on the bending cutoff position of a single heat exchange tube (i.e., the reserved straight section position of a single heat exchange tube). Figure 5As shown, only one tube sheet hole 212 is provided on each layer height (i.e., the arrangement height of each layer of heat exchange unit 208) on the first tube sheet 202 or the second tube sheet 203, and the tube sheet holes 212 of adjacent layers are distributed on opposite sides, which is related to the staggered stacking of adjacent heat exchange units 208.

[0052] For each heat exchange unit 208, the bending distance L of a single heat exchange tube is not less than twice the minimum bending radius R of the U-shaped tube specified in GB / T 151, preferably L=2R, to ensure that each heat exchange unit 208 has a longer length, thereby increasing the effective heat exchange space. Furthermore, when several heat exchange units 208 are stacked alternately, the odd-numbered and even-numbered heat exchange units 208 have the same orientation, and the horizontal spacing between two alternate odd-numbered or even-numbered heat exchange units 208 is L / 2 to L / 4, and this horizontal spacing cannot be less than the diameter of the heat exchange tube. Additionally, the interlayer gap between two adjacent heat exchange units 208 is not less than 1 mm to prevent the inability to add the aforementioned spacer strip 211 between adjacent heat exchange units 208, which would reduce the structural stability of the tube bundle 201.

[0053] Reference Figure 6 The figure shows two adjacent heat exchange units 208 stacked alternately, forming a mesh structure in the tube bundle 201. When several heat exchange units 208 are stacked alternately, a more complex mesh structure will be formed. When the shell-side medium flows through the heat exchange area of ​​the mesh structure, it is dispersed and disturbed, thus improving the heat exchange effect.

[0054] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 In this embodiment, a tube bundle support plate 209 is also provided on the side of the tube bundle 201 near the shell-side inlet 101. The tube bundle support plate 209 is disc-shaped, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the first tube sheet 202 and the second tube sheet 203 respectively through support plate connectors 210. The tube bundle support plate 209 is used to support the tube bundle 201, reduce the vibration of the tube bundle 201 caused by shell-side medium impact, and prevent the tube bundle 201 from deforming.

[0055] Reference Figure 9 The tube bundle support plate 209 has several elongated flow grooves parallel to its radial direction, and the flow grooves are divided into two groups. The two groups of flow grooves are symmetrically distributed about the diameter of the tube bundle support plate 209, which ensures that the tube bundle support plate 209 will not affect the flow of shell side medium, and can further disperse the shell side medium, thereby improving the heat exchange effect.

[0056] In addition, a spacer strip 211 is provided between the heat exchange unit 208 on the side of the tube bundle 201 closest to the tube bundle support plate 209 and the tube bundle support plate 209, and a spacer strip 211 is also provided between two adjacent layers of heat exchange units 208 in the tube bundle 201. The spacer strip 211 is used to fix the heat exchange unit 208 and control the spacing between two adjacent layers of heat exchange units 208.

[0057] In addition, to facilitate monitoring of the heat exchange status of different tube heat exchange components 2, a temperature monitoring interface 3 for installing a temperature sensor is provided on the first tube box 204 and / or the second tube box 205 of each group of tube heat exchange components 2. The temperature monitoring interface 3 is located outside the housing 1.

[0058] This embodiment provides a multi-flow heat exchanger in which four sets of tube bundles 201 of tube-side heat exchange components 2 are arranged in parallel. During the application of this multi-flow heat exchanger, the shell-side medium in the shell 1 flows along the axial direction of the shell 1, and the overall flow direction of the tube-side medium in the tube-side heat exchange components 2 is perpendicular to the flow direction of the shell-side medium. The shell-side medium flowing in the shell 1 can simultaneously exchange heat with the tube-side medium flowing in multiple sets of tube-side heat exchange components 2.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] Reference Figure 10 This embodiment provides a multi-flow heat exchanger, which differs from Embodiment 1 in that the tube bundle support plate 209 in this embodiment has several circular flow holes, and the flow holes basically fill the entire tube bundle support plate 209.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] Reference Figure 11 This embodiment provides a multi-flow heat exchanger, which differs from Embodiment 1 in that the tube bundle support plate 209 in this embodiment has several arc-shaped flow grooves parallel to its circumferential direction, and the several flow grooves are evenly divided into six groups, and the six groups of flow grooves are evenly distributed along the circumference of the tube bundle support plate 209.

[0063] Example 4

[0064] Reference Figure 12 This embodiment provides a multi-flow heat exchanger, which differs from Embodiment 1 in that, in this embodiment, the multi-flow heat exchanger is placed horizontally, and the tube bundles 201 of the four sets of tube-side heat exchange components 2 are arranged in series.

[0065] This embodiment is applicable to situations where the temperature requirements of the tube-side medium or shell-side medium are high. The temperature of the tube-side medium or shell-side medium can be significantly increased or decreased by using a four-stage series tube bundle 201.

[0066] Example 5

[0067] Reference Figure 13This embodiment provides a multi-flow heat exchanger, which differs from Embodiment 1 in that the multi-flow heat exchanger is placed vertically in this embodiment.

[0068] Example 6

[0069] Reference Figure 14 and Figure 15 This embodiment provides a multi-flow heat exchanger, which differs from Embodiment 1 in that, in this embodiment, each heat exchange unit 208 is formed by bending two parallel heat exchange tubes in the same plane along a radial direction parallel to the shell 1. For each heat exchange unit 208, one heat exchange tube is bent alternately with a first bending spacing L1 and a second bending spacing L2, while the other heat exchange tube is bent alternately with a second bending spacing L2 and a first bending spacing L1. The first bending spacing L1 is smaller than the second bending spacing L2 to ensure that the two heat exchange tubes can be nested in the same plane without stacking during installation.

[0070] Of course, the number of heat exchange tubes in each heat exchange unit 208 can be adjusted. By adjusting the number of tubes in each heat exchange unit 208, the space of the tube bundle 201 can be utilized more effectively to adapt to different working conditions, and the tube sheet utilization rate can also be improved.

[0071] Reference Figure 16 To facilitate the installation and fixing of the heat exchange unit 208 with a single-layer multi-tube structure, two tube sheet holes 212 are provided on each layer height (i.e., the arrangement height of each layer of heat exchange unit 208) of the first tube sheet 202 or the second tube sheet 203. Except for the two tube sheet holes 212 on the first and last layers of the tube sheet, which are symmetrically distributed with respect to the tube sheet diameter, the two tube sheet holes 212 on the other layers are located on the same side, while the tube sheet holes 212 on adjacent layers are distributed on opposite sides.

[0072] Furthermore, the multi-flow heat exchangers provided in Embodiments 1-6 above can be designed in advance by theoretically calculating the tube bundle 201 and tube sheet (the first tube sheet 202 and the second tube sheet 203 are collectively referred to as tube sheets) layout parameters to guide the heat exchanger structural design. Specifically, as follows:

[0073] The formula for calculating the maximum number of pipe layers on a tube sheet is:

[0074] N = (Da) / H;

[0075] Where N is the maximum number of tube layers, i.e. the maximum number of heat exchange unit layers, and the calculated value of N is rounded to the nearest integer, preferably rounded down; D is the tube sheet diameter; a is the distance of the ineffective perforation area on the tube sheet, i.e. the empty area at both ends of the tube sheet, and a is usually taken as 30mm; H is the tube spacing between two adjacent heat exchange unit layers; and H=d+h, where d is the diameter of the heat exchange tube, and h is the interlayer spacing between two adjacent heat exchange unit layers, h≥1mm;

[0076] The formula for calculating the maximum number of holes on the tube sheet is:

[0077] M = N × n;

[0078] Where M is the maximum number of holes, and M is also the total number of heat exchange tubes in the tube bundle; N is the maximum number of tube layers, and n is the number of tubes in a single layer, that is, the number of heat exchange tubes in a single heat exchange unit.

[0079] The formula for calculating the number of bends in the heat exchange tubes of a single-layer heat exchange unit is as follows:

[0080] U=W / L 平均 ;

[0081] Where U is the number of bends in the heat exchange tubes of a single-layer heat exchange unit, and the calculated value of U is rounded to the nearest integer, preferably rounded down; W is the distance between the first tube sheet and the second tube sheet, and L... 平均 This represents the average bending distance of a single heat exchange tube.

[0082] The formula for calculating the estimated maximum length of a single heat exchange tube is:

[0083] P = S×k / (d×n);

[0084] Where P is the estimated maximum length of a single heat exchange tube, S is the area of ​​a circle with the distance between the first tube sheet and the second tube sheet as its diameter, and S = πW 2 / 4; k is the proportion of the longitudinal cross-sectional area of ​​the heat exchange tubes in a single-layer heat exchange unit. For a single-layer single-tube heat exchange unit, k is 20-25%, and for a single-layer multi-tube heat exchange unit, k is 25-30%. d is the diameter of the heat exchange tubes, and n is the number of tubes in a single layer.

[0085] Furthermore, due to the characteristics of the tube bundles in embodiments 1-6 above, there is essentially no ineffective heat exchange area, and the lengths of the heat exchange tubes in each heat exchange unit are basically the same. Therefore, the total heat exchange area Q of the tube bundle is the product of the surface area of ​​a single heat exchange tube and the total number of heat exchange tubes M, that is:

[0086] Q = π × d × P × M.

[0087] The above theoretical calculations yield the tube bundle and tube sheet layout parameters to guide the heat exchanger structural design.

[0088] It should be noted that any parts not mentioned in this invention can be achieved by using or referencing existing technologies.

[0089] Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-flow heat exchanger, characterized in that, It includes a shell (1) and at least two sets of tube heat exchange components (2) arranged in parallel along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the shell (1), and the shell (1) has a shell inlet (101) and a shell outlet (102), and each set of tube heat exchange components (2) has a tube inlet (206) and a tube outlet (207). Each tube heat exchange assembly (2) includes a tube bundle (201), a first tube sheet (202) and a second tube sheet (203) fixed at both ends of the tube bundle (201), and a first tube box (204) and a second tube box (205) for fixing the first tube sheet (202) and the second tube sheet (203), respectively. The tube bundle (201), the first tube sheet (202), and the second tube sheet (203) are fixed inside the shell (1), and the first tube box (204) and the second tube box (205) extend out of the shell (1). The tube bundle (201) is composed of several layers of staggered heat exchange units (208), so that the tube bundle (201) forms a mesh structure. Each layer of the heat exchange unit (208) is a serpentine coil structure and is formed by bending at least one heat exchange tube along the radial direction parallel to the shell (1). The outer periphery of each layer of heat exchange unit (208) is circular. When the number of heat exchange tubes in each heat exchange unit (208) is two or more, the multiple heat exchange tubes are parallel to each other and located in the same plane, and the heat exchange tubes in each heat exchange unit are bent alternately in a manner with different bending intervals. The tube layout parameters of the tube bundle (201) are as follows: The formula for calculating the number of bends in the heat exchange tubes of a single-layer heat exchange unit is as follows: U=W / L 平均 ; Where U is the number of bends in the heat exchange tubes of a single-layer heat exchange unit, and the calculated value of U is rounded to the nearest integer; W is the distance between the first tube sheet and the second tube sheet; L 平均 This represents the average bending distance of a single heat exchange tube. The formula for calculating the estimated maximum length of a single heat exchange tube is: P = S × k / (d × n); Where P is the estimated maximum length of a single heat exchange tube, S is the area of ​​a circle with the distance between the first tube sheet and the second tube sheet as its diameter, and S = πW 2 / 4; k is the proportion of the longitudinal cross-sectional area of ​​the heat exchange tubes in a single-layer heat exchange unit. For a single-layer single-tube heat exchange unit, k is 20-25%, and for a single-layer multi-tube heat exchange unit, k is 25-30%. d is the diameter of the heat exchange tubes, and n is the number of tubes in a single layer.

2. A multi-flow heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each heat exchange unit (208) has a straight pipe section at both ends, and the straight pipe sections at both ends of the heat exchange unit (208) are fixedly connected to the first tube sheet (202) and the second tube sheet (203), respectively.

3. A multi-flow heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one side of the tube bundle (201) is provided with a tube bundle support plate (209).

4. A multi-flow heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tube bundle support plate (209) is disc-shaped, and the two ends of the tube bundle support plate (209) are fixedly connected to the first tube plate (202) and the second tube plate (203) respectively through the support plate connector (210).

5. A multi-flow heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tube bundle support plate (209) has several flow holes or flow grooves.

6. A multi-flow heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that, A gasket (211) is provided between the heat exchange unit (208) on the side of the tube bundle (201) near the tube bundle support plate (209) and the tube bundle support plate (209).

7. A multi-flow heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, A gasket (211) is provided between two adjacent heat exchange units (208) of the tube bundle (201).

8. A multi-flow heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tube bundles (201) of multiple sets of tube heat exchange components (2) are connected in parallel or in series.

9. A multi-flow heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Multi-flow heat exchangers are placed vertically or horizontally.

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