Ultra-deep mechanical vertical shaft construction method and system based on multi-well cooperative construction

Abstract

The invention provides an ultra-deep mechanical method vertical shaft construction method based on multi-shaft cooperative construction, which comprises the following steps: S1, respectively constructing a first vertical shaft pilot well section and a second vertical shaft pilot hole section at the positions of a first vertical shaft and a second vertical shaft, and constructing an inclined shaft channel between the bottoms of the first vertical shaft pilot well section and the second vertical shaft pilot hole section; performing reverse reaming, tunneling and supporting on the pilot hole section of the second vertical shaft; s2, a second shaft pilot well section is constructed below the second shaft raise construction section, a first shaft pilot hole section is constructed below the first shaft pilot well section, and an inclined shaft channel is constructed between the bottom of the second shaft pilot well section and the bottom of the first shaft pilot hole section; performing reverse reaming, tunneling and supporting on the pilot hole section of the first vertical shaft; and S3, the step S1 and the step S2 are repeated until the first vertical shaft and the second vertical shaft are tunneled to the target depth. The advantages of a normal well method and an inverse well method are fused, the efficiency bottleneck of anti-gravity deslagging of vertical shaft tunneling is overcome, tunneling-supporting-shunting deslagging is achieved in parallel, the vertical shaft completion efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of shaft design and construction, and particularly relates to a super-deep mechanical shaft construction method and system based on multi-well collaborative construction. BACKGROUND

[0002] The currently commonly used shaft construction methods can be divided into the direct shaft method and the reverse shaft method, the difference between the two being whether a pilot shaft of a certain diameter is drilled and whether a tunnel is built at the lower part of the shaft. For a kilometer-level deep and large shaft, the direct shaft method has extremely low slag removal efficiency and high safety risks, the reverse shaft method has good construction cost control and high shaft forming efficiency, but has the risk of blocking the shaft by slag sliding.

[0003] The existing super-deep shaft construction process mainly uses the drilling and blasting shaft sinking method, and the main processes include excavation, support and slag removal, and the entire construction process focuses on a single shaft; the excavation process includes pilot hole drilling, reverse drilling and hole expansion and full-face excavation, the support process includes installation of lining structure, and the slag removal process includes slag crushing and transportation. The direct shaft method adopts top-down excavation, and the time consumed for slag crushing and vertical hoisting and slag transportation accounts for more than 60% of each cycle footage, and the slag removal efficiency is extremely low; the reverse shaft method is subject to the prerequisite that a tunnel is built at the bottom of the shaft, and as the depth increases, the control difficulty of the guide hole drilling precision and the construction cost increase dramatically (the cost increases by about 30% for each 100m increase in depth, and the risk of guide hole blockage increases significantly).

[0004] In view of the need for efficient and safe shaft forming of super-deep shafts, it is urgent to solve the problem that the traditional construction method cannot balance the slag removal efficiency, construction difficulty and safety risk. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a super-deep mechanical shaft construction method based on multi-well collaborative construction, which can at least solve some of the defects in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The super-deep mechanical shaft construction method based on multi-well collaborative construction comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1, a first shaft pilot hole section is constructed by the direct shaft method at a first shaft position, at least one second shaft pilot hole section is constructed at a second shaft position adjacent to the first shaft, the bottom position of the second shaft pilot hole section is higher than the bottom position of the first shaft pilot hole section, and a inclined shaft passage is constructed between the bottom of the first shaft pilot hole section and the bottom of the second shaft pilot hole section; the second shaft pilot hole section is then reverse expanded, and full-face excavation and support construction are performed to form a second shaft reverse construction section;

[0009] S2. Construct the pilot shaft section of the second vertical shaft using the forward shaft method below the second vertical shaft reverse shaft construction section. Simultaneously, construct the pilot hole section of the first vertical shaft below the pilot shaft section. The bottom of the pilot hole section of the first vertical shaft is higher than the bottom of the pilot shaft section of the second vertical shaft. Construct an inclined shaft passage between the bottom of the second vertical shaft pilot shaft section and the bottom of the first vertical shaft pilot hole section. Then, enlarge the pilot hole section of the first vertical shaft in reverse and carry out full-face excavation and support construction to form the first vertical shaft reverse shaft construction section.

[0010] S3. Repeat steps S1 and S2, alternately constructing pilot shaft sections and pilot hole sections in the first and second vertical shafts until the first and second vertical shafts are excavated to the target depth.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific construction process of step S1 is as follows:

[0012] The first vertical shaft is excavated from top to bottom using a shaft tunneling machine until it reaches the first predetermined position, forming the pilot shaft section L. 11 ;

[0013] Using the guide drill bit of the reverse drilling rig, the second vertical shaft pilot hole section is constructed in the direction from top to bottom at the second vertical shaft position until the bottom surface of the second vertical shaft pilot hole section is drilled to the second preset position, the second preset position being higher than the first preset position;

[0014] A full-casing rotary drilling rig was used to excavate the inclined shaft passage from the first preset position to the second preset position. Then, the reaming bit of the raise boring machine was transported from the inclined shaft passage to the bottom of the pilot hole section of the second vertical shaft. The pilot hole bit of the raise boring machine was removed and replaced with a reaming bit. Reverse reaming was then performed from the bottom of the pilot hole section of the second vertical shaft upwards to the top of the pilot hole section. Afterwards, the raise boring machine was dismantled, and a shaft tunneling machine was used for full-face excavation and support to form the second vertical shaft raise section L. 21 .

[0015] Furthermore, the specific construction process of step S2 is as follows:

[0016] The second vertical shaft was raised from section L using a shaft tunneling machine. 21 Excavation will proceed from top to bottom along the bottom until the third pre-set position is reached, forming the pilot section L of the second vertical shaft. 22 ;

[0017] The pilot drill bit of the riser drilling rig starts from the first vertical shaft pilot section L 11 The first vertical shaft pilot hole section is constructed from top to bottom until the bottom surface of the first vertical shaft pilot hole section is drilled to the fourth preset position, which is higher than the third preset position.

[0018] The full-casing full-rotation drilling machine is used to excavate the inclined shaft channel from the third preset position to the fourth preset position, the reaming bit of the raise-boring machine is transported to the bottom of the first vertical shaft pilot hole section from the inclined shaft channel, the pilot hole bit of the raise-boring machine is removed and replaced by the reaming bit, the reverse reaming construction is carried out from the bottom of the first vertical shaft pilot hole section to the top of the first vertical shaft pilot hole section, and then the raise-boring machine is removed, the shaft excavating machine is used for full-face excavation and support, so as to form the first vertical shaft raise construction section L 12 .

[0019] Further, in the step S1, the muck generated in the reverse reaming and full-face excavation process of the second vertical shaft pilot hole section is transported to the bottom of the first vertical shaft pilot hole section through the inclined shaft channel, and then the muck is hoisted and transported to the outside of the site by the hoisting equipment; in the step S2, the muck generated in the reverse reaming and full-face excavation process of the first vertical shaft pilot hole section is transported to the bottom of the second vertical shaft pilot hole section through the inclined shaft channel, and then the muck is hoisted and transported to the outside of the site by the hoisting equipment.

[0020] Further, the slope of each inclined shaft channel is 15-25°.

[0021] In addition, the application also provides a super-deep mechanical method vertical shaft construction system based on multi-well collaborative construction, which comprises a first vertical shaft and a second vertical shaft, the first vertical shaft comprises a plurality of first vertical shaft pilot hole sections and first vertical shaft raise construction sections arranged alternately from top to bottom, and the second vertical shaft comprises a plurality of second vertical shaft raise construction sections and second vertical shaft pilot hole sections arranged alternately from top to bottom; the first vertical shaft pilot hole section corresponds to the second vertical shaft raise construction section, the bottom surface height of the second vertical shaft raise construction section is higher than that of the corresponding first vertical shaft pilot hole section, the first vertical shaft raise construction section corresponds to the second vertical shaft pilot hole section, the bottom surface height of the first vertical shaft raise construction section is higher than that of the corresponding second vertical shaft pilot hole section, and the bottom of each first vertical shaft pilot hole section and the bottom of the corresponding second vertical shaft raise construction section are connected through an inclined shaft channel, and the bottom of each second vertical shaft pilot hole section and the bottom of the corresponding first vertical shaft raise construction section are connected through an inclined shaft channel.

[0022] Further, each first vertical shaft pilot hole section and first vertical shaft raise construction section are coaxially arranged, and each second vertical shaft raise construction section and second vertical shaft pilot hole section are coaxially arranged.

[0023] Further, there are a plurality of first vertical shafts and a plurality of second vertical shafts, one first vertical shaft is connected to at least one second vertical shaft through an inclined shaft channel, and one second vertical shaft is connected to at least one first vertical shaft through an inclined shaft channel.

[0024] Further, the inclined shaft channel comprises a transfer platform horizontally arranged below the first shaft counter-boring section / second shaft counter-boring section, a hoisting platform horizontally arranged below the first shaft pilot hole section / second shaft pilot hole section, and a muck horizontal transportation channel connecting the transfer platform and the hoisting platform; the transfer platform is above the hoisting platform, and the inclination angle of the muck horizontal transportation channel is 15-25°.

[0025] Further, the muck horizontal transportation channel is provided with a belt muck transportation device.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) The super-deep mechanical shaft construction method based on multi-well collaborative construction provided by the present application combines the advantages of the shaft method and the counter-boring method, collaborates, circulates and constructs in sections through the pilot hole section (shaft method) and the pilot hole section (counter-boring method) of the adjacent multiple to-be-constructed shafts, reduces the one-time excavation depth of the counter-boring method, and significantly reduces the total cost; meanwhile, the inclined shaft channel is constructed between the adjacent to-be-constructed shafts, so that the muck removal process and the excavation process are separated in space and parallel in time, the muck removal efficiency is improved by more than 3 times, and the problem of low muck removal efficiency of the shaft method is overcome.

[0028] (2) In the super-deep mechanical shaft construction method based on multi-well collaborative construction provided by the present application, the muck generated by the first shaft excavation is transported out through the built section of the second shaft, and the muck generated by the second shaft excavation is transported out through the built section of the first shaft, which realizes the collaborative construction between multiple to-be-constructed shafts and overcomes the problem that the entire construction process (excavation, muck removal and support) of the existing super-deep shaft is carried out in a single shaft space, and the processes are mutually restricted.

[0029] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a super-deep mechanical shaft construction schematic diagram of multi-well collaborative construction in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 is a first shaft auxiliary muck removal and second shaft excavation schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 is a second shaft auxiliary muck removal and first shaft excavation schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 4 is a first shaft and second shaft auxiliary muck removal plan schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 5 is a network-shaped multi-well collaborative muck removal plan schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 6 is a super deep mechanical method shaft construction process and equipment parameter mapping diagram in the embodiment of the application.

[0036] The reference signs are explained as follows: 1, first shaft pilot hole section; 2, shaft heading machine; 3, second shaft pilot hole section; 4, transfer platform; 5, muck; 6, belt muck conveying equipment; 7, muck horizontal conveying passage; 8, full casing full-rotation drill; 9, hoisting platform; 10, hoisting cylinder; 11, second shaft pilot hole section; 12, first shaft pilot hole section; 13, second shaft counter-boring construction section; 14, first shaft counter-boring construction section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described in connection with the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0038] In the description of the application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only intended to facilitate the description of the application and simplify the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the application.

[0039] In the description of the application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or abutting connection or integral connection; for those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] The terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features; in the description of the application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.

[0041] As Figures 1 to 6 shown, the embodiment provides a super deep mechanical method shaft construction method based on multi-well collaborative construction, including the following steps:

[0042] S1, a first shaft pilot hole section 1 is constructed by vertical shaft method at a first shaft position, and a second shaft pilot hole section 3 is constructed by vertical shaft method at at least one second shaft position adjacent to the first shaft, the bottom position of the second shaft pilot hole section 3 is higher than the bottom position of the first shaft pilot hole section 1, and an inclined shaft passage is constructed between the bottom of the first shaft pilot hole section 1 and the bottom of the second shaft pilot hole section 3; then the second shaft pilot hole section 3 is reverse reamed, and full-face excavation and support construction are performed to form a second shaft reverse shaft construction section 13.

[0043] S2, a second shaft pilot hole section 11 is constructed by vertical shaft method below the second shaft reverse shaft construction section 13, and a first shaft pilot hole section 12 is constructed below the first shaft pilot hole section 1, the bottom position of the first shaft pilot hole section 12 is higher than the bottom position of the second shaft pilot hole section 11, and an inclined shaft passage is constructed between the bottom of the second shaft pilot hole section 11 and the bottom of the first shaft pilot hole section 12; then the first shaft pilot hole section 12 is reverse reamed, and full-face excavation and support construction are performed to form a first shaft reverse shaft construction section 14.

[0044] S3, steps S1 and S2 are repeated to alternately construct the pilot hole sections and the pilot hole sections of the first shaft and the second shaft until the first shaft and the second shaft are excavated to the target depth.

[0045] In the embodiment, the multiple shafts to be constructed are constructed by sectioning, the sections of a single shaft to be constructed are alternately constructed by vertical shaft method and reverse shaft method, and the multiple shafts to be constructed adjacent to each other are cooperatively constructed by the pilot hole sections (i.e. the first shaft pilot hole section 1 and the second shaft pilot hole section 11) and the pilot hole sections (i.e. the second shaft pilot hole section 3 and the first shaft pilot hole section 12). By the design of the construction method, the one-time excavation depth of the reverse shaft method is reduced, the total cost is significantly reduced, the multiple shafts to be constructed adjacent to each other are cooperatively constructed, the slagging process is spatially separated from the excavation process and temporally parallel to the excavation process, the slagging efficiency and the construction efficiency are greatly improved, and the problem of low slagging efficiency of the vertical shaft method is overcome.

[0046] Specifically, in the step S1, the muck generated in the reverse reaming and full-face tunneling process of the second shaft pilot hole section 3 is transported to the bottom of the first shaft pilot hole section 1 through the inclined shaft channel, and then hoisted to the outside of the site by hoisting equipment; in the step S2, the muck generated in the reverse reaming and full-face tunneling process of the first shaft pilot hole section 12 is transported to the bottom of the second shaft pilot hole section 11 through the inclined shaft channel, and then hoisted to the outside of the site by hoisting equipment. The muck generated in the first shaft tunneling is transported out through the built section of the second shaft, and the muck generated in the second shaft tunneling is transported out through the built section of the first shaft, so as to realize the collaborative construction between multiple shafts to be built, and overcome the problem that the entire construction process (tunneling, muck removal, and support) of the existing super-deep shaft is carried out in a single shaft space, and the processes are mutually restricted.

[0047] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 5 one first shaft can be collaboratively constructed with multiple adjacent second shafts, and one second shaft can also be collaboratively constructed with multiple adjacent first shafts, so as to form a networked system between multiple shafts to be built, optimize the construction stages (i.e., the pilot hole section constructed by the upward method and the pilot hole section constructed by the downward method) between the shafts to be built, realize networked transportation of muck at the bottom of the shaft, and realize information-based and intelligent operation of the muck transportation process, for example, dynamically regulating and controlling the tunneling-support-muck removal parallel operation based on a digital twin control platform, so as to further improve the muck removal efficiency and significantly improve the independence and safety of each process.

[0048] Preferably, before the construction of the shaft, the geology of the shaft to be built is analyzed and predicted, and specifically, a geological prediction system (including a laboratory simulation analysis device and a digital simulation analysis system) can be used to investigate the shaft stratum integration contact conditions, geological structure, hydrogeological parameters, etc., so as to match the corresponding tunneling technology, materials, and equipment.

[0049] The following takes the collaborative construction of a 1# shaft (i.e., a first shaft) and a 2# shaft (i.e., a second shaft) as an example to specifically explain the specific process of using the super-deep mechanical method shaft construction method of the embodiment (as shown in Figure 1 ).

[0050] Step one: foundation pit excavation, lock ring support, and backfilling

[0051] A foundation pit of a certain depth is excavated at the center position of the 1# shaft and the 2# shaft on the ground using an excavator, and then the foundation pit bottom is paved with mortar, the steel bars are tied, the lock ring is temporarily supported, and the concrete is backfilled.

[0052] Step two: 1# shaft L 11 section auxiliary shaft construction

[0053] Using a shaft tunneling machine 2, excavation was carried out from top to bottom in shaft #1 to a depth of L. 11 =100m, cross-sectional diameter φ 11 A pilot shaft ① with a depth of 1.5m was constructed, and then a full-casing, full-rotation drilling rig 8 was used to excavate the inclined shaft tunnel L at the bottom of the pilot shaft ①. 12 (Slope α1 = 15°, cross-sectional diameter φ) 12 =2m) to Shaft #2 L 21 The bottom of the segment.

[0054] Step 3: Shaft #2 L 21 Sectional shaft reverse shaft construction and support

[0055] A riser drilling rig was used to drill from top to bottom into shaft #2 to a depth of L. 21 A pilot hole ① with a diameter of 80m and a cross-sectional diameter of φ1=0.4m was constructed. The reaming drill bit was transported from the inclined shaft passage ① to the bottom of the pilot hole ①, and the hole was reamed in the reverse direction to φ1'=1.5m. The drilling rig was then dismantled, and a vertical shaft tunneling machine was used to excavate the No. 2 vertical shaft L. 21 The entire section was excavated and supported. During the excavation, the excavated soil fell and was transported to the bottom of the pilot shaft ① via the inclined shaft passage ①. The excavated soil was then transported off-site via the hoisting cylinder 10 until the completion of the No. 2 vertical shaft L. 21 Well wall support for the section.

[0056] Step 4: Shaft #2 L 22 Section auxiliary well construction

[0057] Using a shaft tunneling machine 2, excavation was carried out from top to bottom in shaft #2 to a depth of L. 22 =100m, cross-sectional diameter φ 22 A pilot shaft ② with a depth of 1.5m was constructed. Then, a cantilever tunneling machine was used at the bottom of the pilot shaft ② to cut and excavate the inclined shaft passage ② (slope α2 = -15°, cross-sectional diameter φ). 21 =2m) to Shaft L #1 12 The bottom of the segment.

[0058] Step 5: Shaft #1 L 11 Section ~ L 12 Sectional shaft reverse shaft construction and support

[0059] A riser drilling rig was used to drill from top to bottom into shaft #1 to a depth of L. 12 A pilot hole ② with a diameter of 80m and a cross-sectional diameter of φ2=0.4m was constructed. The reaming drill bit was transported from the inclined shaft passage ② to the bottom of the pilot hole ②, and the hole was reamed in the reverse direction to φ2'=1.5m. The drilling rig was then dismantled, and a vertical shaft tunneling machine was used to excavate the No. 1 vertical shaft L. 11 Section ~ L 12 The entire section was excavated and supported. During the excavation, the excavated soil fell and was transported to the bottom of the pilot shaft ② via the inclined shaft passage ②. The excavated soil was then transported off-site via the hoisting cylinder 10 until the completion of the No. 1 vertical shaft L. 11Section ~ L 12 Well wall support for the section.

[0060] Step Six: Repeat steps Two through Five, alternating between them, to complete the No. 1 vertical shaft L. 13 Section ~ L 1n Section 2, Shaft L 22 Section ~ L 2n Section of well excavation and well wall support.

[0061] In the vertical shaft construction process of this embodiment, the equipment parameters and models used are designed and selected based on the specific construction conditions, such as... Figure 6 As shown, for example, during the tunneling process, the selection of a shaft boring machine requires comprehensive consideration of parameters such as diameter, torque, speed, and rock-breaking capacity; the selection of a raise boring machine requires comprehensive consideration of parameters such as diameter, drilling depth, power, and drill rod torque; and the selection of a full-rotation drilling machine requires comprehensive consideration of parameters such as diameter, torque, power, and depth. During the muck removal process, the selection of rock-breaking equipment for gravity muck removal requires comprehensive consideration of parameters such as impact power, pressure, speed, and impact frequency; the selection of belt conveyor systems for lateral transmission requires comprehensive consideration of parameters such as flow rate, load-bearing capacity, friction, and speed; and the selection of cage hoisting systems for vertical lifting requires comprehensive consideration of parameters such as flow rate, head, volume, and tension.

[0062] In addition, this embodiment also provides an ultra-deep mechanical shaft construction system based on multi-well collaborative construction, including a first shaft and a second shaft. The first shaft includes multiple first shaft pilot sections 1 and first shaft reverse shaft construction sections 14 arranged alternately from top to bottom. The first shaft pilot sections 1 are constructed using the forward shaft method, and the first shaft reverse shaft construction sections 14 are constructed using the reverse shaft method, utilizing the first shaft pilot hole section 12 for reverse borehole enlargement, excavation, and support. The second shaft includes multiple second shaft reverse shaft construction sections 13 and second shaft pilot sections 11 arranged alternately from top to bottom. The second shaft pilot sections 11 are constructed using the forward shaft method, and the second shaft reverse shaft construction sections 13 are constructed using the reverse shaft method, utilizing the second shaft... The pilot hole section 3 is formed by reverse enlargement, excavation, and support; the first vertical shaft pilot shaft section 1 corresponds one-to-one with the second vertical shaft reverse shaft construction section 13, and the bottom height of the second vertical shaft reverse shaft construction section 13 is higher than the bottom height of the corresponding first vertical shaft pilot shaft section 1; the first vertical shaft reverse shaft construction section 14 corresponds one-to-one with the second vertical shaft pilot shaft section 11, and the bottom height of the first vertical shaft reverse shaft construction section 14 is higher than the bottom height of the corresponding second vertical shaft pilot shaft section 11; the bottom of each first vertical shaft pilot shaft section 1 and the bottom of the corresponding second vertical shaft reverse shaft construction section 13, and the bottom of each second vertical shaft pilot shaft section 11 and the bottom of the corresponding first vertical shaft reverse shaft construction section 14 are all connected by inclined shaft channels.

[0063] In the embodiment, when the second shaft reverse shaft construction section 13 is constructed by the reverse shaft method, the first shaft pilot hole section 1 that has been constructed serves as a slag transportation channel to assist the adjacent second shaft reverse shaft construction section 13 in the process of excavation.

[0064] In the optimized embodiment, the first shaft pilot hole section 1 and the first shaft reverse shaft construction section 14 are coaxially arranged, and the second shaft reverse shaft construction section 3 and the second shaft pilot hole section 11 are coaxially arranged, so as to ensure the construction accuracy of the shaft. Further, the cross-sectional areas of the first shaft pilot hole section 1 and the first shaft reverse shaft construction section 14 are equal, and the cross-sectional areas of the second shaft reverse shaft construction section 3 and the second shaft pilot hole section 11 are equal.

[0065] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 5 The first shafts and the second shafts form a network structure, and a network system is formed among the shafts to be constructed in the construction process. The construction stages (i.e., the pilot hole section constructed by the vertical shaft method and the pilot hole section constructed by the reverse shaft method) among the shafts to be constructed are optimized, the network transportation of the slag at the bottom of the shaft is realized, the information and intelligent operation of the slag transportation process is realized, the slag efficiency is further improved, and the independence and safety of each process are significantly improved.

[0066] In the embodiment, the slag transportation channels include the gravity flow slag channel (i.e., the pilot hole section) formed in the process of the reverse shaft method, the slag diversion channel at the bottom, the horizontal transportation channel of the slag in the inclined shaft channel, and the vertical hoisting channel of the slag in the pilot hole section. Through the coordinated cooperation among the slag transportation channels, the excavation and the slag process of the shaft are realized in parallel in time and in different spaces, and the slag efficiency is significantly improved.

[0067] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1As shown, the inclined shaft channel comprises a transfer platform 4 horizontally arranged below the first shaft counter-boring section 13 / second shaft counter-boring section 14, a hoisting platform 9 horizontally arranged below the first shaft pilot section 1 / second shaft pilot section 11, and a muck transverse transportation channel 7 connecting the transfer platform 4 and the hoisting platform 9; wherein the transfer platform 4 can serve as a muck diversion channel, and the muck generated in the counter-boring process is diverted by the transfer platform 4, specifically, the muck falling to the bottom is collected in batches by the muck pumping equipment, pumped to the muck transverse transportation channel 7, transported to the hoisting platform 9 at the bottom of the corresponding pilot section through the muck transverse transportation channel 7, and hoisted vertically from the muck vertical hoisting channel in the pilot section to the outside of the site by the muck hoisting equipment at the hoisting platform 9. Preferably, the transfer platform 4 is located above the hoisting platform 9, and the inclination angle of the muck transverse transportation channel 7 is 15-25°, so that the muck can be transported by gravity during transverse transportation, reducing the power cost.

[0068] Specifically, the muck hoisting equipment comprises a hoisting cylinder 10 and an intelligent scheduling hoist, the hoisting cylinder 10 is used to vertically hoist the muck transported from the muck transverse transportation channel 7 to the outside of the site, and the intelligent scheduling hoist is used to lift the hoisting cylinder 10 to the outside of the site through the muck vertical hoisting channel.

[0069] Preferably, the muck transverse transportation channel 7 is provided with a belt muck transportation device 6, which comprises a belt, a continuous belt machine, a weighing system, a scanning system, etc., and is used to calculate the muck amount and control the transportation flow.

[0070] The multi-well coordinated construction super-deep mechanical shaft construction system of the embodiment further comprises a shaft tunneling machine 2 for positive shaft construction, a counter-boring drilling machine assembly for counter-boring construction, and a full-casing full-rotary drilling machine 8 for inclined shaft channel construction; the shaft tunneling machine 2, the counter-boring drilling machine assembly, and the full-casing full-rotary drilling machine 8 can adopt existing equipment, and the specific structure is not described here.

[0071] The above examples are only illustrative of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present application, and any design identical or similar to the present application falls within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a super-deep shaft by a mechanical method based on the coordinated construction of multiple shafts, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, a first shaft pilot hole section is constructed in a first shaft position by a vertical shaft method, and a second shaft pilot hole section is constructed in at least one second shaft position adjacent to the first shaft position, a bottom position of the second shaft pilot hole section is higher than a bottom position of the first shaft pilot hole section, and a slope shaft passage is constructed between the bottom of the first shaft pilot hole section and the bottom of the second shaft pilot hole section; then, the second shaft pilot hole section is reverse reamed, and full-face excavation and support construction are performed to form a second shaft reverse shaft construction section; S2, a second shaft pilot hole section is constructed below the second shaft reverse shaft construction section by the vertical shaft method, and a first shaft pilot hole section is constructed below the first shaft pilot hole section, a bottom position of the first shaft pilot hole section is higher than a bottom position of the second shaft pilot hole section, and a slope shaft passage is constructed between the bottom of the second shaft pilot hole section and the bottom of the first shaft pilot hole section; then, the first shaft pilot hole section is reverse reamed, and full-face excavation and support construction are performed to form a first shaft reverse shaft construction section; S3, steps S1 and S2 are repeated to alternately construct the pilot hole sections and the pilot hole sections in the first shaft and the second shaft until the first shaft and the second shaft are excavated to a target depth.

2. The ultra-deep mechanical shaft construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific construction process of step S1 is as follows: The first shaft is excavated in a top-down direction by using a shaft boring machine until the first shaft is excavated to a first preset position, and a first shaft pilot section L is formed 11 ; A guide hole drill bit of a reverse shaft drilling machine is used to construct the second shaft pilot hole section in the second shaft position in a top-to-bottom direction until the bottom surface of the second shaft pilot hole section is drilled to a second preset position, and the second preset position is higher than the first preset position; The full-casing full-rotation drilling machine is used to excavate the inclined shaft passage from the first preset position to the second preset position, the reaming bit of the raise-boring machine is transported to the bottom of the second vertical shaft pilot hole section from the inclined shaft passage, the pilot bit of the raise-boring machine is removed and replaced by the reaming bit, the reverse reaming construction is performed from the bottom of the second vertical shaft pilot hole section to the top of the second vertical shaft pilot hole section, and then the raise-boring machine is removed, the shaft excavating machine is used for full-face excavation and support, so as to form the second vertical shaft raise-boring construction section L 21 .

3. The ultra-deep mechanical shaft construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific construction process of step S2 is as follows: Adopting the shaft heading machine to heading construction from the bottom of the second shaft counter-boring section L 21 to the third preset position in the direction from top to bottom, forming the second shaft pilot hole section L 22 ; The guide hole drill bit of the anti-well drilling machine is constructed from the bottom of the first vertical guide well section L 11 in a top-to-bottom direction until the bottom surface of the first vertical guide hole section is drilled to a fourth preset position, which is higher than the third preset position. The full-casing full-rotation drilling machine is used to excavate the inclined shaft channel from the third preset position to the fourth preset position, the reaming bit of the raise-boring machine is transported to the bottom of the first vertical shaft pilot hole section from the inclined shaft channel, the pilot bit of the raise-boring machine is removed and replaced by the reaming bit, the reverse reaming construction is performed from the bottom of the first vertical shaft pilot hole section upwards to the top of the first vertical shaft pilot hole section, then the raise-boring machine is removed, the shaft excavating machine is used for full-face excavation and support, so as to form the first vertical shaft raise-boring construction section L 12 .

4. A method of constructing an ultra-deep mechanical shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that, In step S1, the muck generated in the reverse reaming and full-face excavation process of the second shaft pilot hole section is transported to the bottom of the first shaft pilot hole section through the slope shaft passage, and then the muck is hoisted to the outside of the site by hoisting equipment; In step S2, the muck generated in the reverse reaming and full-face excavation process of the first shaft pilot hole section is transported to the bottom of the second shaft pilot hole section through the slope shaft passage, and then the muck is hoisted to the outside of the site by hoisting equipment.

5. A method of constructing an ultra-deep mechanical shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that, The slope of each slope shaft passage is 15-25°.

6. A super-deep mechanical shaft construction system based on multi-well coordinated construction, characterized in that, The ultra-deep mechanical shaft construction method of any one of claims 1-5 is used to construct a first shaft and a second shaft, the first shaft comprises a plurality of first shaft pilot hole sections and first shaft reverse shaft construction sections arranged alternately from top to bottom, and the second shaft comprises a plurality of second shaft reverse shaft construction sections and second shaft pilot hole sections arranged alternately from top to bottom; the first shaft pilot hole sections correspond to the second shaft reverse shaft construction sections one by one, and the bottom surface height of the second shaft reverse shaft construction section is higher than the bottom surface height of the corresponding first shaft pilot hole section; the first shaft reverse shaft construction sections correspond to the second shaft pilot hole sections one by one, and the bottom surface height of the first shaft reverse shaft construction section is higher than the bottom surface height of the corresponding second shaft pilot hole section; each first shaft pilot hole section bottom and the corresponding second shaft reverse shaft construction section bottom, and each second shaft pilot hole section bottom and the corresponding first shaft reverse shaft construction section bottom are connected by a slope shaft passage.

7. The ultra-deep mechanical shaft construction system according to claim 6, characterized in that Each of the first shaft pilot hole section and the first shaft counter-boring section is coaxially arranged; each of the second shaft counter-boring section and the second shaft pilot hole section is coaxially arranged.

8. The ultra-deep mechanical shaft construction system according to claim 6, characterized in that There are multiple first shafts and multiple second shafts, one first shaft is communicated with at least one second shaft through an inclined shaft channel, and one second shaft is communicated with at least one first shaft through an inclined shaft channel.

9. The ultra-deep mechanical shaft construction system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inclined shaft channel comprises a transfer platform horizontally arranged below the first shaft counter-boring section / second shaft counter-boring section, a hoisting platform horizontally arranged below the first shaft pilot hole section / second shaft pilot hole section, and a muck horizontal transportation channel connecting the transfer platform and the hoisting platform; the transfer platform is above the hoisting platform, and the inclined angle of the muck horizontal transportation channel is 15-25°.

10. The superdeep mechanical shaft construction system according to claim 9, characterized in that The muck horizontal transportation channel is provided with a belt muck transportation device.

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