Special compound cellulose luring bait for termites

Abstract

The invention discloses a special compound cellulose luring bait for termites, and belongs to the technical field of termite prevention and control. Aiming at the defects of single cellulose matrix, poor mildew-proof stability and the like of the existing termite luring bait, the bait disclosed by the invention is prepared from 40-70 parts of a composite cellulose matrix (composed of microcrystal, wood and hemicellulose according to a mass ratio of (3-5): (2-4): (1-2)), 5-15 parts of a nutritional additive, 2-8 parts of a luring synergist, 1-5 parts of a mildew-proof stabilizer and 1-4 parts of a binder. The preparation method comprises the steps of raw material crushing and drying, premixing, final mixing and granulating, and drying and forming. During application, bait is put into a breathable trapping and killing box, and is buried in a termite activity area (the burying depth is 10-20cm, and 1-2 bait is distributed per square meter). The bait adapts to feeding preferences of different grades of termites, the whole population trapping rate is larger than or equal to 85%, the trapping range is 5-8 m, the field lasting period is 45-60 days, the supplementary investment cost is reduced by 75%, no environment residue exists, the performance difference between product batches is smaller than or equal to 5%, and large-scale industrial production and efficient termite control can be achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of termite control, and specifically relates to a composite cellulose special termite bait, which is suitable for the trapping and control of common agricultural and forestry and building termites such as Coptotermes formosanus, Coptotermes formosanus, and Macrotermes annisonis. BACKGROUND

[0002] Termites belong to the family of termites, and are typical social herbivorous insects. Their populations rely on intestinal symbiotic microorganisms (such as flagellates and actinomycetes) to decompose cellulose to obtain core nutrients, causing irreversible destructive damage to wood materials containing cellulose, crop straw, water dikes, and house construction. According to the data in the "China Termite Control Industry Development Report (2023 Edition)", termite damage covers 28 provinces (cities and autonomous regions) in China, and the direct economic loss caused by termites each year exceeds 30 billion yuan, of which the loss of house construction accounts for 45%, the loss of agricultural and forestry crop reduction accounts for 30%, and the loss of water dike safety hidden danger accounts for 15%. Termite control has become one of the core issues in the fields of public health and safety and ecological protection.

[0003] Termite control technology is mainly divided into physical control (such as high temperature and barrier), chemical control (such as spraying contact killers), and trapping control. Among them, trapping control has the advantages of strong targeting, no harm to non-target organisms, and can achieve the eradication of the whole population of termites, and has become the mainstream technology direction at home and abroad. The core of the trapping control system is the bait, and its performance directly determines the trapping efficiency - high-quality termite bait needs to meet the four core requirements of "high attractiveness (adapt to the feeding preference of different grades of termites)", "long holding period (anti-mildew, anti-collapse)", "environmental compatibility (low toxicity, biodegradable)", and "industrial producibility (simple process, batch stability)".

[0004] There are still many technical bottlenecks in the research and application of existing termite baits, which are specifically reflected in the following aspects: 1. Single cellulose substrate, insufficient trapping efficiency and population adaptability The core cellulose raw material of the existing bait is mainly single component, such as pine powder (wood fiber content is about 55%), pure microcrystalline cellulose (purity ≥ 95%), and sugarcane residue (hemicellulose content is about 20%). Different grades of termites have different feeding preferences: workers (more than 90% of the population) need to efficiently decompose cellulose to obtain energy and prefer microcrystalline cellulose with high crystallinity; soldiers need to supplement lignin-related nutrients and prefer lignocellulose; reproductive ants are sensitive to oligosaccharide derivatives and prefer hemicellulose. A single cellulose substrate cannot meet the feeding needs of different grades of termites, resulting in limited trapping range and low trapping rate.

[0005] From the actual application data of the industry, the bait with pine powder as the core raw material has a general overall attraction rate of less than 40% to the black chested drywood termite, and the attraction rate of the workers, soldiers and reproductive ants is usually less than 10%; the bait with pure microcrystalline cellulose has an attraction rate of 50%-55% to the workers of the Taiwan white ant, but the attraction rate of the soldiers is only 20%-25%, and the reproductive ants are almost not attracted, so it cannot achieve the goal of killing the whole colony; and the bait with sugarcane residue as the main raw material has a low attraction rate of less than 35% to all types of white ants, and the attraction range is generally ≤2m², which cannot meet the needs of large-scale prevention and control.

[0006] 2. Poor antifungal and structural stability, short effective period and high maintenance cost The field termite activity area is mostly in a humid environment with a temperature of 20-35°C and a humidity of 70-95%, which is easy to breed microorganisms such as Aspergillus, Penicillium and Bacillus. These microorganisms not only accelerate the degradation of cellulose, leading to the collapse of the structure of the bait, but also produce substances such as aflatoxin, which has a repelling effect on the ants, further reducing the effectiveness of the bait. The antifungal and structural stability scheme of the existing bait has obvious defects: In terms of antifungal treatment, most products use a single antifungal agent, such as adding potassium sorbate to the bait, which will show obvious mold in 7-10 days in a field environment with a temperature of 25°C and a humidity of 85%; some products use sodium benzoate to extend the antifungal time, which can extend the mold time to 12-15 days, but the degradation period of sodium benzoate in the soil is as long as 6 months, which can easily lead to soil salinization and destroy the ecological balance of the soil.

[0007] In terms of structural stability, the existing bait mostly uses synthetic polymer materials such as paraffin and polyvinyl alcohol as the binder. Although this kind of binder can maintain the shape of the bait in the short term, it will soften and collapse in 7-10 days in a humid environment, and cannot be naturally degraded, which will increase the burden on the soil environment if used in large quantities.

[0008] From the cost point of view, the commercially available mainstream brand termite attractant bait (with pine powder as the base material, combined with paraffin binder and potassium sorbate antifungal agent) has an effective period of only about 15 days in the field, and needs to be supplemented every 2 weeks. According to the calculation of 200 killing boxes per mu of forest land, each killing box filled with 50g of bait, the annual supplement cost per mu of forest land is as high as 120 yuan, which has a significant cost pressure for large-scale prevention and control in large areas of farmland or around buildings.

[0009] 3. Single attraction enhancement method and environmental safety risk In order to improve the attraction effect, the existing technology often uses the method of adding synergistic adjuvants, but there are generally problems of "high toxicity and low efficiency" or "low efficiency and no synergy": Part of the early technology for pursuit of killing efficiency, will add chlordane, mirex and other persistent organic pollutants, this kind of material although can make termite killing rate of more than 70%, but has been clearly listed as prohibited substances in "Stockholm Convention", and the residual period in soil is more than 1 year, which will cause serious harm to soil microorganisms, earthworms and other non-target organisms, and there is a risk of pollution of water through groundwater infiltration.

[0010] Part of the technology turns to use termite tracking pheromone as synergist, but the single pheromone has a volatile half-life of only 2-3 days, and the attraction efficiency will decrease to less than 20% of the initial value after 7 days, which cannot maintain the attraction effect for a long time; A small number of technologies try to use plant volatile oil (such as camphor oil), but because they are not synergistically matched with other synergistic components, they can only increase the trapping range to about 2.5 m², which is limited compared with the increase of single cellulose bait, and cannot achieve the goal of efficient trapping.

[0011] 4. Compound cellulose bait ratio disorder, poor industrial reproducibility In recent years, a small number of technologies have tried to develop compound cellulose bait, but due to lack of systematic research, there are still core technical defects: In component ratio, the existing compound cellulose bait does not clearly show the synergistic mechanism of microcrystalline cellulose, lignocellulose and hemicellulose, and the optimal ratio range is not determined, so it is mixed according to experience, resulting in a difference of more than 20% in attraction rate between different batches of products, with poor performance stability; Some products try to adjust the proportion of the three types of cellulose, but do not consider the feeding preference of different grades of termites, resulting in "trade-off" situation, such as excessive increase of microcrystalline cellulose proportion, which can increase the attraction rate of workers, but reduce the attraction of soldiers and reproductive ants.

[0012] In the preparation process, the preparation process of some compound cellulose bait is complex, such as the treatment step of 121℃ high pressure enzyme for more than 2h. This kind of process not only needs special high pressure equipment, increases the cost of equipment investment, but also prolongs the production cycle, so the cost of industrial conversion is more than 50% higher than that of conventional process, which is difficult to realize large-scale production.

[0013] In batch stability, the existing compound cellulose bait lacks standardized preparation parameters, such as the key parameters of particle size, mixing speed and drying temperature, which have no clear control range, resulting in a particle size deviation of more than 1mm and a moisture content fluctuation of more than 3% between different batches of products, which directly causes a difference of more than 15% in attraction rate between batches, and cannot meet the requirement of consistency of product quality in industrial production.

[0014] In summary, the existing termite bait has significant defects in cellulose substrate adaptability, mildew resistance stability, environmental safety and industrial producibility, and it is of great significance to develop a special termite bait based on precise proportioning of composite cellulose substrate, high-efficiency and low-toxicity baiting synergistic system, long-term mildew resistance performance and simple process, so as to improve the termite control efficiency, reduce the control cost and promote the development of green control technology. SUMMARY

[0015] The present application aims to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the existing termite bait, and provide a composite cellulose special termite bait: 1. By precisely proportioning microcrystalline cellulose, lignocellulose and hemicellulose, the feeding preference of different grades of termites is adapted, and the whole population attraction efficiency is improved; 2. The composite mildew-resistant stabilizer and environmentally friendly adhesive are used to prolong the field effective period and reduce the maintenance cost; 3. The synergistic system of termite pheromone analog and plant volatile oil is used to improve the trapping range and ensure environmental safety; 4. The preparation process is simplified, the standardization parameters are clear, and the industrial reproducibility is ensured.

[0016] In order to achieve the purpose of the present application, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows: A composite cellulose special termite bait, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: composite cellulose substrate 40-70 parts, nutritional adjuvant 5-15 parts, baiting synergist 2-8 parts, mildew-resistant stabilizer 1-5 parts, and adhesive 1-4 parts; the composite cellulose substrate is composed of microcrystalline cellulose, lignocellulose and hemicellulose in a mass ratio of 3-5:2-4:1-2. Further, the particle size of the microcrystalline cellulose is 80-120 mesh, the lignocellulose is obtained from eucalyptus sawdust, and the hemicellulose is obtained from corn cob enzymatic hydrolysis residue. Further, the nutritional adjuvant is at least two of yeast extract, peptone and sucrose, and the mass fraction of each component in the nutritional adjuvant is 30-50% for yeast extract, 20-40% for peptone and 10-30% for sucrose. Further, the baiting synergist is at least one of termite pheromone analog and plant volatile oil; the termite pheromone analog is at least one of cis-3-hexenol and heptanol, and the plant volatile oil is at least one of camphor tree essential oil and eucalyptus leaf essential oil. Further, in the baiting synergist, the mass ratio of termite pheromone analog to plant volatile oil is 1-3:1-2. Further, the antifungal stabilizer is at least one of potassium sorbate, sodium dehydroacetate and chitosan, and the mass ratio of each component in the antifungal stabilizer is 20-40% of potassium sorbate, 10-30% of sodium dehydroacetate and 30-50% of chitosan.

[0017] Further, the binder is at least one of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, xanthan gum and sodium alginate, and the mass ratio of each component in the binder is 40-60% of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, 20-30% of xanthan gum and 10-20% of sodium alginate.

[0018] Further, the bait is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 55 parts of a composite cellulose matrix, 10 parts of a nutritional aid, 5 parts of an attractant synergist, 3 parts of an antifungal stabilizer and 2 parts of a binder; the composite cellulose matrix is composed of microcrystalline cellulose, lignocellulose and hemicellulose at a mass ratio of 4:3:1.5. Further, the preparation method of the attractant bait comprises the following steps: (1) crushing the composite cellulose matrix to 100-120 mesh and drying to a water content of ≤8%; (2) adding the nutritional aid and the antifungal stabilizer to the dried composite cellulose matrix, mixing uniformly, adding 10-15% of deionized water based on the total mass of raw materials, and stirring until the material is loose; (3) adding the attractant synergist and the binder to the material obtained in step (2), mixing thoroughly, and granulating by using a granulator to control the particle size to 2-5 mm; and (4) drying the granulated material at 45-55°C to a water content of ≤10% to obtain the attractant bait. Further, the attractant bait is used in termite control, and the attractant bait is loaded into a breathable killing box and buried in a termite activity area at a burial depth of 10-20 cm, and 1-2 killing boxes are arranged per square meter.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: (1) The whole population attractant efficiency is significantly improved: the new composite cellulose matrix is scientifically proportioned to accurately adapt to the different feeding behavior preferences of workers, soldiers and reproductive ants in the termite population, and a composite attractant system combining multiple pheromones and food sources synergistically shows strong trapping capacity for important ant species such as black chested drywood termites and Taiwan white termites, and the actual trapping rate stably reaches more than 85%. The trapping range is expanded from traditional point to a three-dimensional area of 5-8 square meters, and the comprehensive trapping efficiency is improved by more than 50% compared with the single-component cellulose bait used before, significantly improving the coverage and targeting of the control.

[0020] (2) The holding performance is superior and economical and practical: by adding high-efficiency compound antifungal stabilizer, the growth of mold in the high-humidity environment in the wild is effectively inhibited, and meanwhile, the special binder guarantees the structural integrity and stability of the bait in the complex environment, so that the effective holding period of the bait in the wild is extended to 45-60 days. The bait supplement frequency is reduced by more than 75%, the prevention and control cost per unit area is significantly reduced, the annual prevention and control input per mu of forest land can be controlled within 30 yuan, and the bait has long-acting and economical properties.

[0021] (3) The environment is compatible and the ecological safety is high: all raw materials used by the product are low-toxic or actually non-toxic substances, and any persistent organic pollutants are not added. Main components such as corn cob enzymatic residues and eucalyptus sawdust are derived from agricultural and forestry by-products, and resource recycling is realized. The whole material has excellent natural degradable properties, and the residual amount in the soil is very low, with a detection value of only 0.01 mg / kg, which has little effect on non-target organisms and ecological systems.

[0022] (4) The preparation process is stable and easy to popularize: the whole production process only involves conventional processes such as crushing, uniform mixing, granulation molding and low-temperature drying, without the need for complex or special equipment, which greatly reduces the production threshold. The key performance parameters of the product are strictly controlled within 5% between batches, with good repeatability and stability, which can meet the large-scale and standardized production requirements, and has the industrial foundation for rapid popularization and application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with examples. Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be partially given in the following description, partially will become obvious from the following description, or will be understood by the practice of the present application. It should be understood that the following description is only used to explain the present application, and is not used to limit the present application.

[0024] The terms "comprising", "including", "having" "with" or any other variation thereof, as used in this document, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a composition, step, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements, but can include other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such composition, step, method, article, or apparatus.

[0025] The term "comprising", "including", "having" "with" or any other variation thereof, as used in this document, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a composition, step, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements, but can include other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such composition, step, method, article, or apparatus. The raw material composition and ratio are the best solutions obtained through a large number of experiments and researches. The microcrystalline cellulose in the composite cellulose matrix has good chemical stability and compressibility, the lignocellulose can enhance the structural toughness of the bait, and the hemicellulose can help to improve the water absorption and solubility of the bait. The three are combined in a specific mass ratio to provide a suitable habitat and feeding environment for termites. The nutritional adjuvant contains various vitamins, minerals and amino acids and other nutritional components required for the growth and reproduction of termites, which can attract termites to continuously feed and improve the attraction effect. The attraction enhancer is a substance with special smell and activity selected according to the chemical communication mechanism of termites. It can enhance the attraction of the bait to different types and populations of termites and expand the application range of the bait. The addition of the mildew stabilizer effectively solves the problem of poor mildew resistance and structural stability of traditional baits. It can inhibit the growth and reproduction of mold, prolong the effective period of the bait, and reduce the maintenance cost. Even in harsh environmental conditions such as high humidity and high temperature, the quality and performance of the bait can be guaranteed. The role of the binder is to firmly bond various raw materials together to form a stable bait structure. It not only ensures the integrity of the bait during preparation and storage, but also enables the bait to maintain a certain shape and hardness after being put into the water, which is convenient for termites to feed.

[0026] In the embodiment, the particle size of the microcrystalline cellulose is 80-120 mesh, the lignocellulose is obtained from eucalyptus sawdust, and the hemicellulose is obtained from corn cob enzymolysis residue. The selection of such raw materials and the particle size range, on the one hand, ensures the dispersibility and stability of the microcrystalline cellulose in the composite cellulose matrix, so that it can better exert the advantages of chemical stability and compressibility. The eucalyptus sawdust is widely available and rich in lignocellulose, and its fiber structure can provide good structural toughness for the bait and effectively enhance the overall physical properties of the bait. The hemicellulose in the corn cob enzymolysis residue not only helps to improve the water absorption and solubility of the bait, but also realizes the reuse of waste, reduces production cost, and meets the environmental protection concept.

[0027] In specific applications, the nutritional adjuvant is at least two of yeast extract, proteose peptone, and sucrose, and the mass ratio of each component in the nutritional adjuvant is 30-50% for yeast extract, 20-40% for proteose peptone, and 10-30% for sucrose. The ratio of the nutritional adjuvant is set to provide a rich and balanced source of nutrition for termites. Yeast extract is rich in various vitamins, minerals, and amino acids, etc. It can enhance the attractiveness of the bait to termites and promote their feeding desire. Proteose peptone is a high-quality protein source that helps the growth and reproduction of termites and improves the acceptance of the bait by the termite population. Sucrose, as a carbohydrate, can provide energy for termites and further improve the palatability of the bait. At the same time, strictly controlling the mass ratio of each component in the nutritional adjuvant is the key to ensuring the stability and consistency of the bait effect. Within this mass ratio range, the three components synergize to achieve the best attraction effect. When the mass ratio of yeast extract is 30-50%, it can ensure the provision of sufficient nutrients without significantly increasing the cost of the bait or affecting the effects of other components. A mass ratio of 20-40% for proteose peptone can effectively regulate the protein content of the bait to meet the growth and development needs of termites. A mass ratio of 10-30% for sucrose can appropriately increase the sweetness of the bait to attract termites to feed.

[0028] Specifically, the attraction enhancer is at least one of termite pheromone analogs and plant-derived volatile oil. The termite pheromone analogs are at least one of cis-3-hexenol and heptanol, and the plant-derived volatile oil is at least one of camphor tree essential oil and eucalyptus leaf essential oil.

[0029] Reasonably adding these attraction enhancers to the bait can significantly enhance the attractiveness of the bait to different types of termites. Cis-3-hexenol and heptanol have similar chemical structures and odor characteristics to termite pheromones, which can simulate the information transmission signals between termites, making it easier for termites to detect and approach the bait. Camphor tree essential oil and eucalyptus leaf essential oil contain rich volatile components, and the unique odor emitted has a strong attraction to termites, which can attract termites in a larger range. In addition, the compatibility of the attraction enhancer with other components of the bait needs to be considered. During the mixing process, it is necessary to ensure that the attraction enhancer is evenly dispersed in the bait to ensure that all parts of the bait have consistent attraction effects. The method of first mixing the attraction enhancer with a small amount of carrier and then gradually adding it to the main body of the bait can improve the uniformity of the mixture. Through these precise controls and operations, the bait can maintain stable quality and good attraction performance in industrial production, achieving industrial reproducibility.

[0030] In the present embodiment, the mass ratio of the termite pheromone analogue to the plant-derived volatile oil in the attractant synergist is 1-3:1-2. When the mass ratio of the termite pheromone analogue to the plant-derived volatile oil is within this range, a synergistic effect can be produced, and the attractant effect of the bait can be optimized. If the proportion of the termite pheromone analogue is too high, although the transmission of the termite information signal can be simulated to a certain extent, the unique odor of the plant-derived volatile oil can be masked, and the attractant ability of the bait in a larger range can be reduced. Conversely, if the proportion of the plant-derived volatile oil is too high, the transmission of the information signal can not be accurate enough, and the termites can not accurately perceive and approach the bait. In actual industrial production, the mass ratio can be adjusted within this range according to the habits of different species of termites and their preferences for different attractants. For example, for some termite populations that are more sensitive to pheromones, the proportion of the termite pheromone analogue can be appropriately increased; and for termites that are more interested in plant odors, the proportion of the plant-derived volatile oil can be increased. After the specific mass ratio is determined, various parameters in the production process, such as temperature and stirring speed, also need to be strictly controlled to ensure that the proportion of the attractant synergist in the bait produced each time can be stabilized within the set range, thereby ensuring the consistency of the quality and attractant performance of the bait and further improving the industrial reproducibility.

[0031] In specific implementation, the mildew-proof stabilizer is at least one of potassium sorbate, sodium dehydroacetate, and chitosan, and the mass proportion of each component in the mildew-proof stabilizer is 20-40% of potassium sorbate, 10-30% of sodium dehydroacetate, and 30-50% of chitosan. Potassium sorbate has good preservative properties and can effectively inhibit the growth of molds, yeasts, and aerobic bacteria, and within the mass proportion range, it can provide preliminary protection against mold for the bait. Sodium dehydroacetate has a broad inhibitory effect on molds, yeasts, and bacteria, and its appropriate addition to the mildew-proof stabilizer can enhance the overall mold-proof effect and synergize with potassium sorbate to further improve the ability of the bait to resist mold invasion. Chitosan not only has certain antibacterial properties but also can form a protective film on the surface of the bait to prevent the invasion of external microorganisms, and it can also improve the physical structure of the bait and increase its stability. In actual application, the specific mass proportions of the components can be adjusted according to the storage environment and expected storage time of the bait. If the storage environment is relatively humid and the temperature is relatively high, and the likelihood of mold growth is greater, the proportions of potassium sorbate and sodium dehydroacetate can be appropriately increased to enhance the mold-proof effect; if more emphasis is placed on the structural stability and long-term storage performance of the bait, the content of chitosan can be increased. In addition, when adding the mildew-proof stabilizer, it is necessary to ensure that it is uniformly dispersed in the bait, which can be achieved by optimizing the stirring process and controlling the stirring time, so that each part of the bait can be well protected against mold, further improving the industrial reproducibility and use effect of the bait.

[0032] In practical application, the binder is at least one of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum and sodium alginate, and the mass ratio of each component in the binder is 40-60% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 20-30% of xanthan gum and 10-20% of sodium alginate. In order to achieve the best binding effect of the binder, the stirring speed and temperature need to be strictly controlled when mixing each component. The stirring speed should be controlled at 200-300 revolutions per minute, and the temperature should be kept at 40-50 degrees Celsius, so as to ensure that each component is fully fused to form a uniform and stable binder system. At the same time, when adding the binder to the bait, attention should be paid to the proportion relationship between the amount of the binder and the total amount of the bait. Generally speaking, the amount of the binder accounts for 3-5% of the total mass of the bait, which is appropriate. If the amount is too small, the binding effect is poor, and the bait is easy to be loose; if the amount is too large, it may affect other properties of the bait, such as the attraction effect. In addition, in the process of preparing the binder, the quality and purity of the raw materials should be ensured, and the quality of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum and sodium alginate should be strictly tested to avoid unstable performance of the binder due to problems of raw materials, thereby affecting the industrial reproducibility and use effect of the bait. When storing the binder, it should be placed in a dry and cool environment to prevent moisture and deterioration, so as to ensure that it can play its due role in subsequent use.

[0033] Specifically, it is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 55 parts of a composite cellulose matrix, 10 parts of a nutritional aid, 5 parts of an attractant synergist, 3 parts of a mildew-resistant stabilizer and 2 parts of a binder; the composite cellulose matrix is composed of microcrystalline cellulose, lignocellulose and hemicellulose in a mass ratio of 4:3:1.5. The nutritional aid can be selected from a variety of substances rich in protein, vitamins and minerals, such as fish meal, soybean meal, yeast powder, etc., which can provide rich nutrition for termites and enhance the attractiveness of the bait. The attractant synergist can be some substances with special smell or chemical signal, such as some plant extracts, which have unique smell that can effectively attract termites and improve the attraction effect of the bait. The mildew-resistant stabilizer can inhibit the growth of mold and prolong the shelf life of the bait to ensure that the bait maintains stable performance for a long time.

[0034] The preparation method of the attractant bait comprises the following steps: (1) crushing the composite cellulose matrix to 100-120 mesh and drying it to a water content of ≤8%; (2) adding the nutritional aid and the mildew-resistant stabilizer to the dried composite cellulose matrix, mixing uniformly, then adding 10-15% of deionized water based on the total mass of the raw materials, and stirring until the material is loose; (3) adding the attractant synergist and the binder to the material obtained in step (2), mixing thoroughly, then granulating with a granulator, and controlling the particle size to be 2-5 mm; (4) drying the granulated material at 45-55°C to a water content of ≤10%, and obtaining the product. The bait is used in termite control, and is put into a gas-permeable killing box and buried in a termite activity area at a depth of 10-20 cm, with 1-2 killing boxes per square meter.

[0035] The technical effects of the present application are further described below in connection with examples: Example 1 (optimal formula) 1. Raw material composition (by weight) 55 parts of a composite cellulose matrix (24.44 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 18.33 parts of eucalyptus wood chip lignocellulose, and 7.22 parts of corn cob enzymatic residue hemicellulose at a mass ratio of 4:3:1.5), 10 parts of a nutritional aid (4 parts of yeast extract, 3 parts of peptone, and 3 parts of sucrose), 5 parts of an attractant synergist (3.33 parts of cis-3-hexenol and 1.67 parts of camphor oil at a mass ratio of 2:1), 3 parts of a mold-resistant stabilizer (0.9 parts of potassium sorbate, 0.6 parts of sodium dehydroacetate, and 1.5 parts of chitosan), and 2 parts of a binder (1 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.5 parts of xanthan gum, and 0.5 parts of sodium alginate).

[0036] 2. Preparation steps (1) Pretreatment: The microcrystalline cellulose, eucalyptus wood chips, and corn cob enzymatic residue were each ground to 110 mesh and dried in an oven at 48°C for 2.5 h to reduce the moisture content to 7%; (2) Premixing: 10 parts of the nutritional aid and 3 parts of the mold-resistant stabilizer were added to the 55 parts of the composite cellulose matrix, and a three-dimensional mixer was used at 120 r / min for 18 min. Deionized water (7.5 parts) was then added at 12% of the total raw material mass, and stirring was performed for 8 min to obtain a loose state; (3) Final mixing and granulation: 5 parts of the attractant synergist and 2 parts of the binder were added, and mixing was performed for 22 min. A rotary granulator was then used at 220 r / min to obtain granules with a particle size of 3 mm; (4) Drying and molding: Hot air drying was performed at 50°C for 3.5 h to reduce the moisture content to 9%, and the product was cooled to 25°C.

[0037] 3. Performance testing (repeated 3 times, with average values taken) (1) Attracting efficiency test (indoor) Test object: black chested termites (1000 workers, 50 soldiers, and 10 reproductives); Test environment: 25°C, 80% humidity, test box volume 10 m³, bait group (Example 1) and blank group (no bait) comparison; Test results: 920 workers (attracting rate 92%), 45 soldiers (attracting rate 90%), and 9 reproductives (attracting rate 90%) were collected in 24 h, with an overall colony attracting rate of 91.6%. Only sporadic workers (<5) were collected in the blank group.

[0038] (2) Field persistence test Test site: a high termite occurrence forest in southern Taiwan (mainly Formosan subterranean termite); Test conditions: buried at 15 cm deep, 1 box per square meter, 10 replicates per group; Test results: Mold time: 55 days (control group 1: 10 days for pine flour bait, control group 2: 25 days for commercially available composite bait); Decay time: 58 days (control group 1: 12 days, control group 2: 28 days); Persistence period: 60 days (control group 1: 15 days, control group 2: 30 days); Trapping range: 7.5 m² (control group 1: 1.5 m², control group 2: 3 m²).

[0039] (3) Environmental safety test Soil residue detection: 60 days after application, no residues of mold-resistant stabilizer and adhesive were detected in the soil, and the cellulose degradation rate was ≥90%; Non-target biological impact: no significant inhibition to earthworms and soil microorganisms (survival rate ≥95%).

[0040] (4) Industrial reproducibility test Three batches were continuously produced, each with 100 kg, and the test indicators and differences were as follows: Particle size: 3 ± 0.2 mm, difference between batches ≤6.7%; 24h trapping rate: 91.6%, 91.2%, 92.0%, difference between batches ≤0.87%; Mold time: 55 days, 54 days, 56 days, difference between batches ≤1.8%.

[0041] Example 2 (low ratio) 1. Raw material composition (by weight) Composite cellulose matrix 40 parts (microcrystalline cellulose 15 parts, lignocellulose 10 parts, hemicellulose 5 parts, mass ratio 3:2:1), nutritional adjuvant 5 parts (yeast extract 1.5 parts, protein peptone 2 parts, sucrose 1.5 parts), attractant enhancer 2 parts (heptanol 1 part, eucalyptus leaf essential oil 1 part, mass ratio 1:1), mold-resistant stabilizer 1 part (sorbitan potassium 0.2 parts, dehydroacetic acid sodium 0.3 parts, chitosan 0.5 parts), adhesive 1 part (carboxymethyl cellulose sodium 0.4 parts, xanthan gum 0.3 parts, sodium alginate 0.3 parts).

[0042] 2. Preparation steps (1) Pretreatment: crushed to 100 mesh, dried at 45°C for 2h, moisture content 8%; (2) Premixing: 100 r / min mixing for 15 min, adding 10% of the total raw material mass of deionized water (4.9 parts), and stirring for 5 min; (3) Final mixing and granulation: mixing for 20 min, 200 r / min granulation, and a particle size of 2 mm; (4) Drying and molding: drying at 45°C for 3 h, and a water content of 10%.

[0043] 3. Performance test Indoor full population trapping rate: 82%; Field mold time: 48 days, collapse time: 50 days, and effective period: 50 days; Trapping range: 5 m²; Batch performance difference: ≤4%.

[0044] Example 3 (high ratio) 1. Raw material composition (parts by weight) Composite cellulose matrix 70 parts (microcrystalline cellulose 30.43 parts, lignocellulose 24.35 parts, and hemicellulose 15.22 parts, mass ratio 5:4:2), nutritional adjuvant 15 parts (yeast extract 7.5 parts, protein peptone 3 parts, and sucrose 4.5 parts), attractant synergist 8 parts (cis-3-hexenol 4.8 parts, camphor oil + eucalyptus oil 3.2 parts, mass ratio 3:2), mold-proof stabilizer 5 parts (sorbitan potassium 2 parts, dehydrogenated sodium acetate 0.5 parts, and chitosan 2.5 parts), and binder 4 parts (carboxymethyl cellulose sodium 2.4 parts, xanthan gum 0.8 parts, and sodium alginate 0.8 parts).

[0045] 2. Preparation steps (1) Pretreatment: pulverized to 120 mesh, dried at 50°C for 3 h, and a water content of 6%; (2) Premixing: 150 r / min mixing for 20 min, adding 15% of the total raw material mass of deionized water (14.7 parts), and stirring for 10 min; (3) Final mixing and granulation: mixing for 25 min, 250 r / min granulation, and a particle size of 5 mm; (4) Drying and molding: drying at 55°C for 4 h, and a water content of 8%.

[0046] 3. Performance test Indoor full population trapping rate: 88%; Field mold time: 52 days, collapse time: 55 days, and effective period: 58 days; Trapping range: 7 m²; Batch performance difference: ≤5%.

[0047] Control group setting and test results To verify the technical advantages of the present application, the following control groups are set:

[0048] Implementation notes When the raw materials are pretreated, the particle size of cellulose needs to be strictly controlled within 100-120 mesh. If the particle size is too large (>120 mesh), the feeding efficiency of termites will be reduced, and if the particle size is too small (<100 mesh), the bait will be easily caked. The attractant enhancer needs to be added in the final mixing stage to avoid the loss of volatile oil / pheromone analogues due to high temperature drying. The particle size of the granulation is controlled within 2-5 mm. If the particle size is less than 2 mm, it will be easily covered by soil particles, and if the particle size is greater than 5 mm, it will be difficult for termites to feed. When applied, the burying depth of the trap box needs to be controlled within 10-20 cm. If the burying depth is too shallow (<10 cm), it will be easily affected by the environment temperature, and if the burying depth is too deep (>20 cm), it will be difficult for termites to find.

[0049] Industrial application instructions The attractant bait of the present application can be mass-produced through a conventional agricultural and forestry bait production line. The core equipment includes a pulverizer, a three-dimensional mixer, a rotary granulator, and a hot air drying oven. The daily production capacity of a single production line can reach more than 500 kg, and the production cost is about 8 yuan / kg, which is reduced by 30% compared with the same kind of products on the market. The product can be packaged as a granular finished product in a 1 kg / bag, and the shelf life is 12 months (sealed at room temperature). It is suitable for termite control in the fields of construction, agriculture, forestry, water conservancy, etc., and can be directly sold or used with a trap box.

[0050] It should be particularly pointed out and elaborated that the composite cellulose made of the termite special attractant bait of the present application not only has a significant attracting effect on termites, but also has been proved by experiments and practical applications that this special bait also has good applicability and attracting effect on many other common pests. Specifically, these pests include but are not limited to beetles, beetles, wood bees, cockroaches, and mites, etc. These pests widely exist in daily life and can cause different degrees of harm to human living environment, building structure, and crops, etc. Therefore, the attractant bait of the present application can also exhibit excellent effects when dealing with these pests, and provides a more efficient and convenient solution for comprehensive management of various pest problems.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A composite cellulosic termite-specific bait comprising, characterized by, Prepared from the following raw materials by weight: composite cellulose matrix 40-70 parts, nutritional adjuvant 5-15 parts, attractant synergist 2-8 parts, mildew-resistant stabilizer 1-5 parts, binder 1-4 parts; The composite cellulose matrix is composed of microcrystalline cellulose, lignocellulose and hemicellulose in a mass ratio of 3-5:2-4:1-2.

2. The composite cellulosic termite-specific bait of claim 1, wherein, The particle size of the microcrystalline cellulose is 80-120 mesh, the lignocellulose is obtained from eucalyptus sawdust, and the hemicellulose is obtained from corn cob enzymatic hydrolysis residue.

3. The composite cellulosic termite-specific bait of claim 1, wherein, The nutritional adjuvant is at least two of yeast extract, peptone and sucrose, and the mass fraction of each component in the nutritional adjuvant is 30-50% for yeast extract, 20-40% for peptone, and 10-30% for sucrose.

4. The composite cellulosic termite-specific bait of claim 1, wherein, The attractant synergist is at least one of termite pheromone analogues and plant-derived volatile oil, the termite pheromone analogues are at least one of cis-3-hexenol and heptanol, and the plant-derived volatile oil is at least one of camphor tree essential oil and eucalyptus leaf essential oil.

5. The composite cellulosic termite-specific bait of claim 4, wherein The mass ratio of the termite pheromone analogues to the plant-derived volatile oil in the attractant synergist is 1-3:1-2.

6. The composite cellulosic termite-specific bait of claim 1, wherein, The mildew-resistant stabilizer is at least one of potassium sorbate, sodium dehydroacetate and chitosan, and the mass fraction of each component in the mildew-resistant stabilizer is 20-40% for potassium sorbate, 10-30% for sodium dehydroacetate, and 30-50% for chitosan.

7. The composite cellulosic termite-specific bait of claim 1, wherein, The binder is at least one of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum and sodium alginate, and the mass fraction of each component in the binder is 40-60% for sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 20-30% for xanthan gum, and 10-20% for sodium alginate.

8. The composite cellulosic termite-specific bait of any of claims 1-7, wherein, Prepared from the following raw materials by weight: composite cellulose matrix 40-70 parts, nutritional adjuvant 5-15 parts, attractant synergist 2-8 parts, mildew-resistant stabilizer 1-5 parts, binder 1-4 parts; 9. The composite cellulosic termite-specific bait of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The preparation method of the attractant bait comprises the following steps: (1) crushing the composite cellulose matrix to 100-120 mesh and drying to a water content of ≤8%; (2) adding the nutritional adjuvant and the mildew-resistant stabilizer to the dried composite cellulose matrix, mixing uniformly, adding deionized water accounting for 10-15% of the total raw material mass, and stirring until the material is loose; (3) adding the attractant synergist and the binder to the material obtained in step (2), mixing thoroughly, and granulating by using a granulator to control the particle size to 2-5 mm; (4) drying the granulated material at 45-55°C to a water content of ≤10%, and obtaining the attractant bait.

10. The composite cellulosic termite-specific attractant bait of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, In the application of the attractant bait in termite control, the attractant bait is loaded into a breathable trapping box and buried in the termite activity area at a burial depth of 10-20 cm, and 1-2 trapping boxes are arranged per square meter.

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