Pulsed continuous centrifugal concentrator

Abstract

This application relates to the field of mineral processing equipment technology, specifically disclosing a pulse continuous centrifugal concentrator. The concentrator includes a base, a separation cylinder mechanism, a spiral mechanism, a drive mechanism, and a pulse mechanism. The separation cylinder mechanism includes an outer cylinder connected to the base and an inner cylinder connected to the outer cylinder. The inner cylinder is located inside the outer cylinder and has a concentrate outlet and a tailings outlet at both ends along the axial direction. The spiral mechanism is located inside the separation cylinder mechanism and includes a rotating shaft that runs through the separation cylinder mechanism, a turntable sleeved on the rotating shaft, and a spiral scraper fixedly connected to the turntable at one end. Multiple scrapers are spaced apart on the surface of the spiral scraper facing the inner wall of the inner cylinder. The multiple scrapers move along the same spiral line when the rotating shaft rotates. The drive mechanism is connected to the inner cylinder and the spiral mechanism respectively. The output end of the pulse mechanism is at least partially connected to the separation cylinder mechanism. This concentrator achieves uninterrupted continuous operation and simultaneously improves the enrichment ratio and heavy mineral recovery rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mineral processing equipment technology, and in particular to a pulse continuous centrifugal mineral processing machine. Background Technology

[0002] Centrifugal concentrators are advanced mineral processing equipment that utilizes centrifugal force to enhance the separation effect of gravity, playing a crucial role in the modern mining industry. Compared to traditional gravity separation equipment such as jigs, shaking tables, and sluices, which are limited by a single gravitational acceleration (1G), centrifugal concentrators generate a centrifugal force field (high G force field) hundreds of times stronger than gravity through high-speed rotation. This greatly amplifies the density differences between mineral particles, making the relationship between the final settling velocity and density more closely related. This allows for the efficient recovery of fine-grained useful minerals lost in traditional equipment due to water flow disturbance and insufficient force. Furthermore, compared to flotation methods that require complex chemical reagent systems, centrifugal concentrators, as a physical separation method, are low-cost, have a simple process flow, and are environmentally friendly. Compared to magnetic separation methods, which are limited by the magnetic properties of minerals, centrifugal concentrators are applicable to a wider range of minerals, covering almost all minerals with density differences.

[0003] However, despite the significant advantages of mainstream centrifugal concentrators, they still face technical bottlenecks in industrial applications. Specifically, vertical centrifugal concentrators, which are used in roughing or scavenging stages, are characterized by large processing capacity but low enrichment ratio. Horizontal centrifugal concentrators, on the other hand, have a higher enrichment ratio than vertical centrifugal concentrators, but their workflow is feed-separation-shutdown-washing and discharge, which is an intermittent process with low production efficiency. In addition, the process involves many steps and is complex. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to propose a pulse continuous centrifugal concentrator to solve the technical problems of low throughput and intermittent operation of horizontal centrifugal concentrators and low enrichment ratio of vertical centrifugal concentrators in related technologies.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a pulse continuous centrifugal concentrator, comprising:

[0006] Base;

[0007] The sorting cylinder mechanism is inclinedly arranged on the base. The sorting cylinder mechanism includes an outer cylinder connected to the base and an inner cylinder rotatably connected to the outer cylinder. The inner cylinder is coaxially arranged inside the outer cylinder and has a concentrate outlet and a tailings outlet respectively arranged at opposite ends along the axial direction.

[0008] A spiral mechanism, disposed within the sorting cylinder mechanism, includes a rotating shaft extending through the central axis of the sorting cylinder mechanism, a turntable sleeved on the rotating shaft, and a spiral scraper fixedly connected at one end to the turntable; the spiral scraper has multiple scrapers spaced apart on its surface facing the inner wall of the inner cylinder, and the movement trajectories of the multiple scrapers when the rotating shaft rotates are located on the same spiral line, so as to capture the concentrate deposited on the inner wall of the inner cylinder and transport it upwards against the current to the concentrate discharge outlet;

[0009] A drive mechanism is connected to the inner cylinder and the screw mechanism respectively to control the inner cylinder and the screw mechanism to rotate coaxially at different speeds.

[0010] A pulse mechanism, the output of which is at least partially connected to the sorting cylinder mechanism, for applying radial vibration perpendicular to its axis to the sorting cylinder mechanism.

[0011] In some embodiments, the inner cylinder is a conical cylinder, the inner cylinder is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and the side wall of the inner cylinder facing the spiral scraper is covered with a wear-resistant layer.

[0012] In some embodiments, there are multiple spiral scrapers, which are spaced apart along the edge of the turntable. Each spiral scraper has multiple scrapers spaced at equal intervals along its length on its surface. Each scraper extends from one end away from the spiral scraper to the inner wall of the inner cylinder.

[0013] In some embodiments, a support frame is provided on the base, one end of the support frame is rotatably connected to the base, and the other end is provided with a slope adjustment mechanism connected to the base. The sorting cylinder mechanism is provided on the support frame, and the slope adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the tilt angle formed between the sorting cylinder mechanism and the top surface of the base through the support frame.

[0014] In some embodiments, the inner cylinder extends to the outer cylinder at one end near the tailings outlet and is provided with a first pulley, the rotating shaft is provided with a second pulley near the first pulley, the support frame is provided with the driving mechanism, and the output shaft of the driving mechanism is respectively connected to the first pulley and the second pulley.

[0015] In some embodiments, a sleeve rotatably connected to the rotating shaft is provided on one end face of the inner cylinder, and the second pulley is coaxially disposed at one end of the sleeve extending beyond the side face of the outer cylinder.

[0016] In some embodiments, the pulse mechanism includes a pulse motor disposed on the base and a deflection sub-mechanism drivenly connected to the pulse motor, wherein the deflection sub-mechanism is drivenly connected to one end of the rotating shaft, and the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the support frame. When the pulse motor is running, a radial pulse force perpendicular to its axis is applied to the sorting cylinder mechanism through the rotating shaft and the support frame.

[0017] In some embodiments, a first receiving cavity communicating with the concentrate outlet is provided inside one end of the outer cylinder, and a second receiving cavity communicating with the tailings outlet is provided inside the other end. Furthermore, a first channel communicating with the first receiving cavity and a second channel communicating with the second receiving cavity are respectively provided at the bottom of the side end face of the outer cylinder.

[0018] In some embodiments, the centrifugal concentrator further includes a feeding mechanism disposed on the outer cylinder, the feeding mechanism including a feeding hopper, a conveying pipe communicating with the feeding hopper and extending at one end into the inner region of the inner cylinder, and a separating screen rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, wherein the end of the conveying pipe facing away from the feeding hopper faces the inner wall of the separating screen, and the separating screen is located within the area enclosed by the spiral scraper.

[0019] In some embodiments, the centrifugal concentrator further includes a rinsing mechanism, the rinsing mechanism including a rinsing screen rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, the rinsing screen being located between the material distribution screen and the concentrate discharge outlet.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided in this application has at least the following beneficial effects or advantages:

[0021] The centrifugal concentrator provided in this application, through the arrangement of a separation cylinder mechanism, a spiral mechanism, and a drive mechanism, provides power for the differential rotation of the separation cylinder mechanism and the spiral mechanism. The separation cylinder mechanism is inclined upwards. By transporting the slurry to be separated into the separation cylinder mechanism, under the action of flow velocity and centrifugal force, the concentrate, due to its heavier mass, settles to the innermost layer of the inner cylinder wall. Due to the differential rotation of the separation cylinder mechanism and the spiral mechanism, the scrapers on the spiral mechanism forcibly transport these heavy mineral particles against the direction of tailings water flow, spiraling them along the inclined cylinder wall towards the higher end. During this countercurrent transport process, physically impurity gangue particles can be removed, thereby improving the purity of the concentrate, which is continuously discharged from the concentrate outlet at the top; while light minerals... The particles are located in the upper layer and are in a fluidized state. Under the combined action of the subsequent feed water flow and the component of their own gravity along the inclined surface, the light mineral particles flow down the inclined cylinder wall to the lower end and are finally continuously discharged from the tailings outlet at the lower end. At the same time, the pulse mechanism breaks the static force chain and agglomeration state of the mineral particles under the strong centrifugal force field, forcing relative motion between the particles. This creates better dynamic conditions for the mineral particles to be re-stratified according to density. The denser heavy mineral particles can penetrate the bed more effectively and settle to the innermost layer, while the less dense light mineral particles are shaken up and are in a fluidized suspension state so that they can be discharged from the tailings outlet. This centrifugal concentrator not only achieves uninterrupted continuous operation, but also has a higher enrichment ratio and heavy mineral recovery rate.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of a centrifugal concentrator provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a centrifugal concentrator from a second perspective, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a centrifugal concentrator provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the sorting cylinder mechanism provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral scraper provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pulse mechanism provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the inner cylinder provided according to an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure label:

[0032] 100. Centrifugal concentrator;

[0033] 10. Base; 11. Support frame; 111. Connecting part; 12. Slope adjustment mechanism; 13. Boss;

[0034] 20. Sorting cylinder mechanism; 21. Outer cylinder; 211. First receiving cavity; 2111. First channel; 212. Second receiving cavity; 2121. Second channel; 22. Inner cylinder; 221. Concentrate outlet; 222. Tailings outlet; 223. Wear-resistant layer; 224. Sleeve; 225. First pulley; 2201. First truncated conical section; 2202. Second truncated conical section; 2203. Third truncated conical section;

[0035] 30. Screw mechanism; 31. Rotating shaft; 311. Second pulley; 32. Turntable; 33. Screw scraper; 331. Scraper;

[0036] 40. Drive mechanism; 41. Drive motor; 42. Pulley;

[0037] 50. Pulse mechanism; 51. Pulse motor; 52. Deflection sub-mechanism; 53. Connecting component;

[0038] 60. Feeding mechanism; 61. Feeding hopper; 62. Conveying pipe; 63. Material separating screen;

[0039] 70. Rinsing mechanism; 71. Conveying pipe; 72. Rinsing screen;

[0040] A. First direction; B. Second direction. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0042] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. "Multiple" means at least two, that is, two or more; "multiple" means at least two, that is, two or more.

[0043] In this application, "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist; for example, C and / or D can represent: C existing alone, C and D existing simultaneously, or D existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0044] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0046] Please see Figures 1 to 6This embodiment provides a pulse continuous centrifugal concentrator 100. The centrifugal concentrator 100 may include a base 10, a separating cylinder mechanism 20, a spiral mechanism 30, a drive mechanism 40, and a pulse mechanism 50. The base 10 may be welded from a steel structure. The separating cylinder mechanism 20 is inclinedly disposed on the base 10. The separating cylinder mechanism 20 includes an outer cylinder 21 connected to the base 10 and an inner cylinder 22 rotatably connected to the outer cylinder 21. The inner cylinder 22 is coaxially disposed inside the outer cylinder 21 and has a concentrate outlet 221 and a tailings outlet 222 respectively disposed at opposite ends along the axial direction. The spiral mechanism 30 is disposed inside the separating cylinder mechanism 20. The spiral mechanism 30 includes a spiral mechanism that runs through the central axis of the separating cylinder mechanism 20. The device includes a rotating shaft 31, a turntable 32 sleeved on the rotating shaft 31, and a spiral scraper 33 with one end fixedly connected to the turntable 32. The spiral scraper 33 has multiple scrapers 331 spaced apart on its surface facing the inner wall of the inner cylinder 22. The movement trajectories of the multiple scrapers 331 when the rotating shaft 31 rotates are located on the same spiral line to capture the concentrate deposited on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 22 and transport it upwards to the concentrate discharge outlet 221. The drive mechanism 40 is connected to the inner cylinder 22 and the spiral mechanism 30 respectively to control the inner cylinder 22 and the spiral mechanism 30 to rotate coaxially at different speeds. The output end of the pulse mechanism 50 is at least partially connected to the sorting cylinder mechanism 20 to apply a transverse vibration perpendicular to its axis to the sorting cylinder mechanism 20.

[0047] Specifically, the sorting cylinder mechanism 20 is mounted on the base 10 and arranged at an upward inclination. The inclination angle of the sorting cylinder mechanism 20 is adjustable. The outer cylinder 21 is fixed on the base 10, and through holes connecting the inner cavity are opened at opposite ends along the axis. The inner cylinder 22 is coaxially disposed inside the outer cylinder 21 and rotatably connected to the outer cylinder 21. At the same time, one end of the inner cylinder 22 extends to the outside of the outer cylinder 21 and is connected to the drive mechanism 40. The rotating shaft 31 passes through the central axis of the inner cylinder 22 and is rotatably connected to it. The rotating shaft 31 and the inner cylinder 22 are connected to the drive mechanism 40 on the same side. The drive mechanism 40 can control the sorting cylinder mechanism 20 and the rotating shaft 31 to rotate coaxially at a differential speed. When the rotating shaft 31 rotates, it drives the spiral scraper 33 to rotate synchronously.

[0048] It should be noted that the slurry can be transported from the higher end of the sorting cylinder mechanism 20 to the interior of the inner cylinder 22. The concentrate outlet 221 and the tailings outlet 222 are respectively located at opposite ends of the inner cylinder 22. The concentrate outlet 221 is higher than the tailings outlet 222 in the vertical direction. At the same time, both the concentrate outlet 221 and the tailings outlet 222 are connected to the interior of the outer cylinder 21, so that the sorted ore is discharged from both ends. The inner cylinder 22 is designed as a conical cylinder, and the diameter of the bottom tailings outlet 222 is larger than that of the top concentrate outlet 221. During the sorting of ore, different centrifugal forces exist at different positions on the inner wall along the axis of the inner cylinder 22. At the same time, since the diameter of the concentrate outlet 221 is smaller, it is easier to discharge the sorted concentrate.

[0049] The working principle of this centrifugal concentrator 100 is as follows: The slurry is continuously fed into the higher end of the inclined separating cylinder mechanism 20 via a feeding system. First, under the powerful centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the inner cylinder 22, all mineral particles are rapidly thrown towards and compacted onto the inner cylinder wall. At this time, the lateral vibration applied by the pulsating mechanism causes the entire separating cylinder assembly to produce a small-amplitude, high-frequency oscillation. This oscillation periodically "loosens and compacts" the mineral bed already deposited on the cylinder wall, preventing the mineral material on the cylinder wall from caking. Simultaneously, denser heavy mineral particles can more effectively penetrate the bed and settle to the innermost layer of the inner cylinder wall 22.

[0050] Based on this, a highly efficient countercurrent separation is formed: the light mineral particles (tailings) in the upper fluidized layer, under the combined action of the subsequent feed water flow and their own gravity along the inclined surface, flow down the inclined tapered inner cylinder 22 to the lower end, and are finally continuously discharged from the tailings outlet 222 at the lower end. The heavy mineral particles settling in the innermost layer of the inner cylinder 22 are captured by the spiral scraper 33 and scraper 331 set on the spiral mechanism 30 with slightly different rotation speeds. Due to the relative motion, the spiral blades force these heavy mineral particles to be transported to the higher end against the direction of the tailings water flow along the inclined cylinder wall. During the countercurrent transport process, sprayed clean water can "wash" the mineral layer, efficiently removing the gangue particles physically mixed in, thereby greatly improving the concentrate separation quality. Finally, the high-purity concentrate is transported to the higher end and continuously discharged from the concentrate outlet 221.

[0051] It should be understood that the centrifugal concentrator 100 provided in this application, through the arrangement of the separation cylinder mechanism 20, the spiral mechanism 30 and the drive mechanism 40, provides power for the differential rotation of the separation cylinder mechanism 20 and the spiral mechanism 30. The separation cylinder mechanism 20 is inclined upward. By transporting the slurry to be separated into the separation cylinder mechanism 20, under the action of flow velocity and centrifugal force, the concentrate settles to the innermost layer of the inner cylinder 22 wall due to its heavy mass. Due to the differential rotation of the separation cylinder mechanism 20 and the spiral mechanism 30, the scraper 331 provided on the spiral mechanism 30 forcibly transports these heavy mineral particles against the direction of tailings water flow, spirally transporting them to the higher end along the inclined cylinder wall. In this countercurrent transport process, the gangue particles physically mixed in can be removed, thereby improving the purity of the concentrate and continuously discharging it from the concentrate discharge outlet 221 at the top.

[0052] Meanwhile, the light mineral particles are located in the upper layer and are in a fluidized state. Under the combined action of the subsequent feed water flow and the component of their own gravity along the inclined surface, the light mineral particles flow down the inclined cylinder wall to the lower end and are finally continuously discharged from the tailings outlet 222 at the lower end. At the same time, the pulse mechanism 50 breaks the static force chain and agglomeration state of the mineral particles under the strong centrifugal force field, forcing relative motion between the particles. This creates better dynamic conditions for the mineral particles to be re-stratified according to density. The denser heavy mineral particles can penetrate the bed and settle to the innermost layer more effectively, while the less dense light mineral particles are "shaked" up and are in a fluidized suspension state so that they can be discharged from the tailings outlet 222. This centrifugal concentrator 100 not only achieves uninterrupted continuous operation, but also has a higher enrichment ratio and heavy mineral recovery rate.

[0053] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, a support frame 11 is provided on the base 10. One end of the support frame 11 is rotatably connected to the base 10, and the other end is provided with a slope adjustment mechanism 12 connected to the base 10. The sorting cylinder mechanism 20 is provided on the support frame 11. The slope adjustment mechanism 12 is used to adjust the tilt angle of the sorting cylinder mechanism 20 through the support frame 11. For ease of description, the length direction of the base 10 is defined as the first direction A, and the height direction of the base 10 is defined as the second direction B. One end of the support frame 11 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the base 10 and is arranged along the first direction A. The slope adjustment mechanism 12 is provided at the bottom of its opposite end. The slope adjustment mechanism 12 is arranged along the second direction B, and its two ends are respectively connected to the base 10 and the support frame 11. Since different slurries are subjected to different magnitudes of centrifugal force and gravity during the sorting process, the slope adjustment mechanism 12 is used to precisely adjust the angle of the sorting cylinder mechanism 20, thereby enabling the centrifugal concentrator 100 to be used in more different application scenarios.

[0054] It should be noted that the slope adjustment mechanism 12 can adopt one of the following structures: lead screw, hydraulic cylinder or manual adjustment bolt, so as to accurately change the angle between the axis of the sorting cylinder mechanism 20 and the horizontal plane of the base 10 to adapt to different process requirements. In order to facilitate adjustment and ensure the transmission connection between the drive mechanism 40, the pulse mechanism 50 and the sorting cylinder mechanism 20 and the screw mechanism 30 after the angle is adjusted, the drive mechanism 40 is mounted on the support frame 11 so as to rotate synchronously with the sorting cylinder mechanism 20.

[0055] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the inner cylinder 22 is a conical cylinder. The inner cylinder 22 is set as a conical cylinder, and the cross-sectional radius of the inner cylinder 22 gradually decreases along the upward inclined direction. This makes the centrifugal force on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 22 along the axis gradually decrease from the tailings outlet to the concentrate outlet 221, so that the spiral scraper 33 can discharge the concentrate scraped off the inner wall of the inner cylinder 22 from the concentrate outlet 221. The inner cylinder 22 is coaxially rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 31, and the side wall of the inner cylinder 22 facing the spiral scraper 33 is covered with a wear-resistant layer 223. The wear-resistant layer 223 is made of a high friction coefficient material, such as ceramic, polyurethane or hard alloy coating, to increase the static friction force on fine heavy mineral particles and prevent them from sliding and being lost under the action of water flow.

[0056] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, multiple spiral scraper components 33 are spaced apart along the edge of the turntable 32. Each spiral scraper component 33 has multiple scraper blades 331 spaced equidistantly along its length. Each scraper blade 331 extends from one end away from the spiral scraper component 33 to the inner wall of the inner cylinder 22. Specifically, the spiral scraper component 33 can be an arc-shaped plate with the same arc shape as the inner cylinder 22. The spiral scraper component 33 is parallel to the inner wall of the cylinder, and adjacent scraper blades 331 are spaced apart and parallel. Each scraper blade 331 has a certain angle with the length direction of the spiral scraper component 33, so that multiple arc-shaped plates are located on the same spiral line. When the spiral mechanism 30 rotates, the scraper blades 331 can scrape off the concentrate deposited on the inner cylinder 22 and transport the concentrate to the concentrate discharge outlet 221 for discharge based on the screw conveying principle.

[0057] It should be noted that an adjusting component can be provided at the connection between the scraper 331 and the spiral scraper 33. This adjusting component can be in the form of bolts combined with shims to adjust the distance between one end of the scraper 331 and the inner wall of the inner cylinder 22, thereby adapting to a variety of different application scenarios.

[0058] Please see Figure 3In some embodiments, the inner cylinder 22 extends to the outer cylinder 21 from one end near the tailings outlet 222 and is provided with a first pulley 225. The shaft 31 is provided with a second pulley 311 near the first pulley 225. A drive mechanism 40 is provided on the support frame 11. The output shaft of the drive mechanism 40 is connected to the first pulley 225 and the second pulley 311 respectively. Specifically, the drive mechanism 40 includes a variable frequency drive motor 41 and a pulley 42 connected to the variable frequency drive motor 41. The pulley 42 is connected to the first pulley 225 and the second pulley 311 respectively through two drive belts. In order to realize the differential rotation of the spiral mechanism 30 and the sorting cylinder mechanism 20, the diameters of the first pulley 225 and the second pulley 311 can be set to different sizes, or the shaft 31 and the inner cylinder 22 can be driven to rotate separately by two variable frequency drive motors 41.

[0059] Optionally, a sleeve 224 rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 31 is provided on one end face of the inner cylinder 22. The second pulley 311 is coaxially disposed at one end of the sleeve 224 extending to the side face of the outer cylinder 21. Specifically, a bearing can be provided inside the sleeve 224 to achieve rotatable connection with the rotating shaft 31. At the same time, the sleeve 224 makes the inner cylinder 22 more stable during rotation.

[0060] Continue reading Figure 4 In some embodiments, the centrifugal concentrator 100 further includes a feeding mechanism 60 disposed on the outer cylinder 21. The feeding mechanism 60 includes a feeding hopper 61, a conveying pipe 62 communicating with the feeding hopper 61 and extending one end into the inner region of the inner cylinder 22, and a separating screen 63 rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 31. The end of the conveying pipe 62 facing away from the feeding hopper 61 faces the inner wall of the separating screen 63. The separating screen 63 is located within the area enclosed by the spiral scraper 33. Specifically, the separating screen 63 is annular. The number, density, and aperture size of the mesh openings on the separating screen 63 can be selected according to actual needs. The setting of the separating screen 63 can evenly distribute the slurry to be separated onto the inner wall of the separating cylinder.

[0061] Continue reading Figure 4In some embodiments, the centrifugal concentrator 100 further includes a rinsing mechanism 70, which includes a rinsing screen 72 rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 31. The rinsing screen 72 is located between the distribution screen 63 and the concentrate discharge outlet 221. A conveying pipe 71 is provided on the outer cylinder 21. One end of the conveying pipe 71 is connected to an external device providing rinsing water, and the other end extends vertically upward toward the rinsing screen 72. The sprayed rinsing water is located on the path of the spiral mechanism 30 that conveys the concentrate upwards. During the separation process, it sprays clean water onto the enriched minerals for efficient countercurrent washing to remove physically impurities such as gangue particles. In this countercurrent conveying process, the clean water sprayed by the rinsing screen 72 "washes" the mineral layer, efficiently removing physically impurities such as gangue particles, thereby significantly improving the concentrate grade. Finally, the high-purity concentrate is conveyed to the higher end and continuously discharged from the concentrate discharge outlet 221.

[0062] Continue reading Figure 4 In some embodiments, one end of the outer cylinder 21 is provided with a first receiving cavity 211 communicating with the concentrate discharge outlet 221, and the other end is provided with a second receiving cavity 212 communicating with the tailings discharge outlet 222. The first receiving cavity 211 covers the concentrate discharge outlet 221, and the projection of the opening at the top of the outer cylinder 21 along the axial direction is located inside the concentrate discharge outlet 221. Sufficient distance is reserved between the top of the outer cylinder 21 and the concentrate discharge outlet 221, and the projection of the opening at the bottom of the outer cylinder 21 along the axial direction is located inside the tailings discharge outlet 222, thereby preventing the ore from being discharged from both ends of the outer cylinder 21. Sufficient distance is reserved between the bottom of the outer cylinder 21 and the tailings discharge outlet 222, thereby preventing the ore from being discharged from both ends of the outer cylinder 21.

[0063] Furthermore, the bottom of the side end face of the outer cylinder 21 is provided with a first channel 2111 that connects to the first receiving cavity 211 and a second channel 2121 that connects to the second receiving cavity 212. The concentrate and tailings separated by the inner cylinder 22 flow into the first receiving cavity 211 and the second receiving cavity 212 respectively, and then are discharged through the first channel 2111 and the second channel 2121 respectively.

[0064] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 6In some embodiments, the pulse mechanism 50 includes a pulse motor 51 mounted on a base 10 and a deflection sub-mechanism 52 drivenly connected to the pulse motor 51. A boss 13 is provided on the base 10 for mounting and supporting the deflection sub-mechanism 52, so that the deflection sub-mechanism 52 can be drivenly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 31 via a connector 53. Alternatively, the pulse motor can also apply a periodic transverse pulse force perpendicular to its rotation axis 31 to the rotating sorting cylinder assembly via an eccentric shaft-linkage mechanism or a hydraulic / pneumatic / electromagnetic actuator. The stroke (amplitude) and frequency of this pulse are adjustable. This transverse pulse force is key to breaking up bed compaction in this invention; it can inject energy into the bed without disrupting the overall centrifugal force field, putting it in a dynamic "fluidized" state.

[0065] Furthermore, the other end of the rotating shaft 31 is fixedly connected to the support frame 11. When the pulse motor 51 runs, it applies a transverse pulse force perpendicular to the rotation axis 31 of the sorting cylinder mechanism 20 through the rotating shaft 31 and the support frame 11. Since the rotating shaft 31 is subjected to multiple forces, in order to ensure the stability of the rotating shaft 31 during operation, a connecting part 111 is provided at one end of the support frame 11 near the concentrate outlet 221. This connecting part 111 can be a steel structure frame combined with a bearing and connected to the other end of the rotating shaft 31, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the rotating shaft 31. At the same time, pulse fluidization enhances the density-based stratification, effectively overcoming the problem of fine mud encapsulation and laying the foundation for high-precision separation.

[0066] Please see Figure 7 Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a pulse continuous centrifugal concentrator. Unlike the centrifugal concentrator in the above embodiments, the inner cylinder 22 of this centrifugal concentrator has a first truncated conical section 2201, a second truncated conical section 2202, and a third truncated conical section 2203. The first truncated conical section 2201, the second truncated conical section 2202, and the third truncated conical section 2203 have different cone angles and are connected in sequence. This structure causes the thickness, flow velocity, and normal component of the centrifugal force of the slurry to change when it flows axially, thereby forming multiple separation zones with different separation conditions, which is beneficial to the graded enrichment of minerals.

[0067] Of course, the inner cylinder can also be set with other different cone angles and number of segments. In order to facilitate the discharge of concentrate and tailings from both ends of the inner cylinder, the spiral scraper can also be set with three segments with different angles and matched with the first cone segment 2201, the second cone segment 2202 and the third cone segment 2203, so as to facilitate the discharge of graded and enriched concentrate.

[0068] The centrifugal concentrator in this embodiment can operate continuously and efficiently with greater capacity. Through the combination of "pulse fluidization + spiral countercurrent forced discharge," it completely eliminates the traditional horizontal centrifuge's pattern of repeated shutdowns for discharge, allowing it to process more slurry per unit time and achieving an exponential increase in capacity. The continuous operation mode also reduces the impact of start-up and shutdown processes on the equipment, significantly lowering the failure rate and improving operational stability. Pulse fluidization enhances density-based stratification, effectively overcoming the problem of fine mud encapsulation and laying the foundation for high-precision separation. The countercurrent washing mechanism efficiently removes gangue inclusions from the concentrate, ensuring extremely high concentrate grade (enrichment ratio). The spiral forced conveying and high-friction inner wall effectively prevent the loss of fine-grained heavy minerals, guaranteeing extremely high recovery rates.

[0069] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the invention.

[0070] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0071] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. The reference to "embodiment" herein means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily indicate the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0072] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pulse continuous centrifugal concentrator, characterized in that, include: Base; The sorting cylinder mechanism is inclinedly disposed on the base. The sorting cylinder mechanism includes an outer cylinder connected to the base and an inner cylinder rotatably connected to the outer cylinder. The inner cylinder is coaxially disposed inside the outer cylinder and has a concentrate outlet and a tailings outlet respectively disposed at opposite ends along the axial direction. The inner cylinder has at least two continuous truncated cone sections with different cone angles. A spiral mechanism, disposed within the sorting cylinder mechanism, includes a rotating shaft extending along the central axis of the sorting cylinder mechanism, a turntable sleeved on the rotating shaft, and a spiral scraper fixedly connected at one end to the turntable. Multiple scrapers are spaced apart on the surface of the spiral scraper facing the inner wall of the inner cylinder. The movement trajectories of the multiple scrapers during the rotation of the rotating shaft are located on the same spiral line, to capture the concentrate deposited on the inner wall of the inner cylinder and transport it upwards against the current to the concentrate discharge outlet. The turntable is located at the inner end of the inner cylinder. There are multiple spiral scraper components, which are arranged at intervals around the edge of the turntable. The other end of each spiral scraper extends away from the turntable. Multiple scrapers are equally spaced along the length of the surface of each spiral scraper facing the inner cylinder. The end of each scraper away from the spiral scraper extends close to the inner wall of the inner cylinder. An adjusting member is provided at the connection between the spiral scraper component and the scraper. The adjusting member is configured to adjust the distance between the scraper and the inner wall of the inner cylinder. A drive mechanism is connected to the inner cylinder and the screw mechanism respectively to control the inner cylinder and the screw mechanism to rotate coaxially at different speeds. A pulse mechanism, the output end of which is at least partially connected to the sorting cylinder mechanism for applying radial vibration perpendicular to its axis to the sorting cylinder mechanism, wherein a support frame is provided on the base, the sorting cylinder mechanism is disposed on the support frame, the pulse mechanism includes a pulse motor disposed on the base and a deflection sub-mechanism drivenly connected to the pulse motor, wherein the deflection sub-mechanism is drivenly connected to one end of the rotating shaft, and the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the support frame, and when the pulse motor is running, a radial pulse force perpendicular to its axis is applied to the sorting cylinder mechanism through the rotating shaft and the support frame; The feeding mechanism includes a feeding hopper disposed on the outer cylinder, a conveying pipe communicating with the feeding hopper and extending at one end into the inner region of the inner cylinder, and a distributing screen rotatably connected to the rotating shaft; wherein, the end of the conveying pipe facing away from the feeding hopper faces the inner wall of the distributing screen, and the distributing screen is located within the area enclosed by the spiral scraper.

2. The pulse continuous centrifugal concentrator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner cylinder is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft on the same axis, and the side wall of the inner cylinder facing the spiral scraper is covered with a wear-resistant layer.

3. The pulse continuous centrifugal concentrator according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the support frame is rotatably connected to the base, and the other end is provided with a slope adjustment mechanism connected to the base. The slope adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the tilt angle formed between the sorting cylinder mechanism and the top surface of the base through the support frame.

4. The pulse continuous centrifugal concentrator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner cylinder extends to the outer cylinder near the tailings outlet and is provided with a first pulley. The rotating shaft is provided with a second pulley near the first pulley. The support frame is provided with the driving mechanism. The output shaft of the driving mechanism is connected to the first pulley and the second pulley respectively.

5. The pulse continuous centrifugal concentrator according to claim 4, characterized in that, A sleeve that is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft is provided on one end face of the inner cylinder, and the second pulley is coaxially disposed at one end of the sleeve that extends to the side end face of the outer cylinder.

6. The pulse continuous centrifugal concentrator according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the outer cylinder has a first receiving cavity that communicates with the concentrate outlet, and the other end has a second receiving cavity that communicates with the tailings outlet. The bottom of the side end face of the outer cylinder has a first channel that communicates with the first receiving cavity and a second channel that communicates with the second receiving cavity.

7. The pulse continuous centrifugal concentrator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The centrifugal concentrator also includes a rinsing mechanism, which includes a rinsing screen rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and the rinsing screen is located between the material distribution screen and the concentrate discharge outlet.

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