Millimeter wave (MMWAVE) systems and methods

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to millimeter wave (MMWAVE) systems and methods. Disclosed herein is a mobile communication device configured to cancel interference within a received millimeter wave band signal. The apparatus includes a receiver circuit configured to receive a millimeter wave band signal, adjust a gain provided to the millimeter wave band signal at a first amplifier, cancel interference in the millimeter wave band signal after the gain is adjusted by the first amplifier, and receive the millimeter wave band signal after interference is cancelled. A gain provided to the millimeter wave band signal is adjusted at a second amplifier.

Description

[0001] This application is a continuation of Invention Patent Application No. 202211448476.2, filed on June 22, 2021, entitled “Millimeter Wave (MMWAVE) SYSTEMS AND METHODS.” TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] This document generally relates, but is not limited to, millimeter wave (mmWave) systems and methods. More specifically, this document relates to mmWave receivers and methods of preventing signal interference within mmWave systems. BACKGROUND

[0003] Communication devices can exchange various signals, such as data signals, control signals, or other signals, with other devices. Typically, a radio frequency front end (RFFE) receives these signals for processing. As more and more communication devices are put into use, data communications continue to increase, resulting in many undesired signals that can cause interference or noise for any given signal intended for a particular communication device. Directional interference, as well as line-of-sight obstructions, also continue to present challenges and unwanted signal blockage or loss of clear signal paths.

[0004] As technology such as autonomous vehicles and drone technology advances, raw data exchange from cameras, sensors, radars, lidars, etc. continues to increase in order to avoid undesired collisions, promote more efficient communication efficiency, etc. This only emphasizes the need for communication devices with higher data rates, better reliability, and low latency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0005] In the drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, like numerals can describe similar components in different views. Like numerals having different letter suffixes can represent different instances of similar components. The drawings illustrate generally, by way of example, various aspects described herein in the figures.

[0006] Figure 1 An example user device is shown in accordance with some aspects.

[0007] Figure 1A A mmWave system that can be used in conjunction with the devices of Figure 1 is shown in accordance with some aspects.

[0008] Figure 2A An example mmWave communication circuit is shown in accordance with some aspects.

[0009] Figure 2B Aspects of an example transmit circuit are shown in accordance with some aspects. Figure 2A

[0010] Figure 2C ​Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown. Figure 2A Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown.

[0011] Figure 2D Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown. Figure 2A Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown.

[0012] Figure 2E Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown. Figure 2A Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown.

[0013] Figure 3 Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown. Figure 2A Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown.

[0014] Figure 4 Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown.

[0015] Figure 5 Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown.

[0016] Figure 6 Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown.

[0017] Figure 7 Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown.

[0018] Figure 8 Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown.

[0019] Figure 9 Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown.

[0020] Figure 10 Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown.

[0021] Figure 11 Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown.

[0022] Figure 12 Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown.

[0023] Figure 13 Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown.

[0024] Figure 14 Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown.

[0025] Figure 15 Aspects of an exemplary transmit circuit are shown.

[0026] Figure 16 A block diagram of a machine in accordance with some aspects is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The large spectrum of mmWave bands can be used for high data rate communications for communication devices. Such systems provide increased location accuracy, inherent physical layer security, and extended coverage. Mitigation of interference and blockage enhances these communication devices to provide enhanced reliability.

[0028] Figure 1 An exemplary user device in accordance with some aspects that can use the disclosed mmWave systems and receivers in some aspects is shown. In some aspects, the user device 100 can be a mobile device and include an application processor 105, a baseband processor 110 (also referred to as a baseband subsystem), a radio front end module (RFEM) 115, a memory 120, a connectivity subsystem 125, a near field communication (NFC) controller 130, an audio driver 135, a camera driver 140, a touchscreen 145, a display driver 150, a sensor 155, a removable memory 160, a power management integrated circuit (PMIC) 165, and a smart battery 170.

[0029] In some aspects, the application processor 105 can include, for example, one or more central processing units (CPUs) and one or more of cache memory, low dropout voltage regulators (LDOs), interrupt controllers, serial interfaces such as SPI, I2C, or universal programmable serial interface subsystems, real time clocks (RTCs), timer-counters including interval and watchdog timers, general purpose IO, memory card controllers such as SD / MMC or similar, USB interfaces, MIPI interfaces, and / or joint test access group (JTAG) test access ports.

[0030] In some aspects, the baseband processor 110 can be implemented as, for example, a solder-down substrate that includes one or more integrated circuits, a single packaged integrated circuit soldered to a main circuit board, and / or a multi-chip module that includes two or more integrated circuits.

[0031] Applications of mmWave technology can include, for example, WiGig and future 5G, although mmWave technology can be applicable to a variety of telecommunication systems. mmWave technology is particularly attractive for short range telecommunication systems. WiGig devices operate in the unlicensed 60 GHz band, while 5G mmWave is expected to initially operate in the licensed 28 GHz and 39 GHz bands. Figure 1A A block diagram of an exemplary baseband subsystem 110 and RFEM 115 in a mmWave system is shown.

[0032] Figure 1AFigure 1 illustrates a mmWave system 100A that can be used in conjunction with the device 100 in accordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. Figure 1 The system 100A includes two components: a baseband subsystem 110 and one or more radio front end modules (RFEMs) 115. The RFEMs 115 can be connected to the baseband subsystem 110 through a single coaxial cable 190 that supplies modulated intermediate frequency (IF) signals, DC power supply signals, clock signals, and control signals.

[0033] The baseband subsystem 110 is not shown in its entirety, but Figure 1A An implementation of the analog front end is shown. This includes a transmitter (TX) portion 191A with an upconverter 173 for upconverting baseband signal frequencies to an intermediate frequency (IF) (about 10 GHz in the current implementation), a receiver (RX) portion 191B with a downconverter 175 for downconverting from the IF to baseband, control and multiplexing circuitry 177 including combiners for multiplexing / demultiplexing transmit and receive signals onto the single cable 190. In addition, a power tee circuit 192 (which includes discrete components) is included on the baseband circuit board to provide DC power supply for the RFEM 115. In some aspects, the combination of the TX portion and the RX portion can be referred to as a transceiver, to which one or more antennas or antenna arrays of the type described herein can be coupled.

[0034] The RFEM 115 can be a small circuit board that includes a plurality of printed antennas and one or more RF devices containing a plurality of wireless links, including upconversion / downconversion 174 to / from millimeter wave frequencies, power combiners / dividers 176, programmable phase shifts 178, and power amplifiers (PAs) 180, low noise amplifiers (LNAs) 182, and control and clocking circuitry 184A and power management circuitry 184B. This arrangement can be different from Wi-Fi or cellular implementations, which typically have all RF and baseband functionality integrated into a single unit, and only the antennas can be connected remotely to the integrated RF and baseband unit via a coaxial cable.

[0035] This architectural difference can be driven by the very large power losses of coaxial cables at millimeter wave frequencies. These power losses can reduce the transmit power at the antenna and reduce the receive sensitivity. To avoid this problem, in some aspects, the PAs 180 and LNAs 182 can be moved to the RFEM 115 with the integrated antennas. In addition, the RFEM 115 can include upconversion / downconversion 174 so that the IF signals on the coaxial cable 190 can be at a lower frequency. Additional system context for mmWave 5G devices, techniques, and features are discussed below.

[0036] Figure 2AAn exemplary mmWave communication circuit according to some aspects is shown, which can use the disclosed receiver circuitry according to some aspects; Figure 2B and Figure 2C It shows that according to some aspects Figure 2A The various aspects of the transmitting circuit shown; Figure 2D It shows that according to some aspects Figure 2A The radio frequency circuit shown in various aspects; Figure 2E This illustrates some aspects of the disclosed receiver circuitry that can be used. Figure 2A Various aspects of the receiving circuit. Figure 2A The millimeter-wave communication circuit 200 shown can optionally be grouped according to function. Figure 2A The components shown herein are illustrated for illustrative purposes and may include... Figure 2A Other components not shown.

[0037] The millimeter-wave communication circuit 200 may include protocol processing circuitry 205 (or a processor) or other means for processing. Among other things, the protocol processing circuitry 205 may implement one or more of the following functions: Media Access Control (MAC), Radio Link Control (RLC), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), Radio Resource Control (RRC), and Non-Access Stratum (NAS). The protocol processing circuitry 205 may include one or more processing cores for executing instructions and one or more memory structures for storing program and data information.

[0038] The millimeter-wave communication circuit 200 may further include a digital baseband circuit 210. The digital baseband circuit 210 implements physical layer (PHY) functions, which may include one or more of the following: Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) function; scrambling and / or descrambling; encoding and / or decoding; layer mapping and / or demapping; modulation symbol mapping; received symbol and / or bit metric determination; multi-antenna port precoding and / or decoding, which may include one or more of space-time, space-frequency, or spatial coding; reference signal generation and / or detection; preamble sequence generation and / or decoding; synchronization sequence generation and / or detection; blind decoding of control channel signals; and other related functions.

[0039] The millimeter-wave communication circuit 200 may also include a transmitting circuit 215, a receiving circuit 220, and / or an antenna array circuit 230. The millimeter-wave communication circuit 200 may also include an RF circuit 225. In some aspects, the RF circuit 225 may include one or more parallel RF links for transmitting and / or receiving. Each of the RF links may be connected to one or more antennas of the antenna array circuit 230.

[0040] In some aspects, the protocol processing circuitry 205 can include one or more instances of control circuitry. The control circuitry can provide control functions for one or more of the digital baseband circuitry 210, transmit circuitry 215, receive circuitry 220, and / or RF circuitry 225.

[0041] Figure 2B and Figure 2C FIG. 1 shows a wireless communications device 105-a in accordance with some aspects. Figure 2A Aspects of the transmit circuitry are shown. Figure 2B The transmit circuitry 215 shown can include one or more of a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 240, analog baseband circuitry 245, up-conversion circuitry 250, and / or filter and amplification circuitry 255. The DAC 240 can convert digital signals into analog signals. The analog baseband circuitry 245 can perform a variety of functions as described below. The up-conversion circuitry 250 can up-convert the baseband signals from the analog baseband circuitry 245 to an RF frequency (e.g., a mmWave frequency). The filter and amplification circuitry 255 can filter and amplify the analog signals. Control signals can be provided between the protocol processing circuitry 205 and one or more of the DAC 240, the analog baseband circuitry 245, the up-conversion circuitry 250, and / or the filter and amplification circuitry 255.

[0042] Figure 2C The transmit circuitry 215 shown can include digital transmit circuitry 265 and RF circuitry 270. In some aspects, signals from the filter and amplification circuitry 255 can be provided to the digital transmit circuitry 265. As described above, control signals can be provided between the protocol processing circuitry 205 and one or more of the digital transmit circuitry 265 and the RF circuitry 270.

[0043] Figure 2D FIG. 1 shows a wireless communications device 105-a in accordance with some aspects. Figure 2A Aspects of the radio frequency circuitry are shown. The radio frequency circuitry 225 can include one or more instances of radio link circuitry 272, which in some aspects can include one or more filters, power amplifiers, low noise amplifiers, programmable phase shifters, and power sources.

[0044] In some aspects, the radio frequency circuit 225 may also include power combining and distribution circuitry 274. In some aspects, the power combining and distribution circuitry 274 may operate bidirectionally, such that the same physical circuitry can be configured to operate as a power divider when the device is transmitting and as a power combiner when the device is receiving. In some aspects, the power combining and distribution circuitry 274 may include one or more wholly or partially independent circuits to perform power distribution when the device is transmitting and power combining when the device is receiving. In some aspects, the power combining and distribution circuitry 274 may include passive circuitry comprising one or more bidirectional power dividers / combiners arranged in a tree configuration. In some aspects, the power combining and distribution circuitry 274 may include active circuitry containing amplifier circuitry.

[0045] In some respects, the radio frequency circuit 225 can be connected to Figure 2A The radio frequency circuit 225 comprises a transmitting circuit 215 and a receiving circuit 220. The radio frequency circuit 225 may be connected to the transmitting circuit 215 and the receiving circuit 220 via one or more radio link interfaces 276 and / or a combined radio link interface 278. In some aspects, the one or more radio link interfaces 276 may provide one or more interfaces for one or more received or transmitted signals, each interface being associated with a single antenna structure. In some aspects, the combined radio link interface 278 may provide a single interface for one or more received or transmitted signals, each interface being associated with a set of antenna structures.

[0046] Figure 2E It shows that according to some aspects Figure 2A The receiving circuitry 220 may include one or more of the parallel receiving circuits 282 and / or one or more of the combined receiving circuits 284. In some aspects, one or more parallel receiving circuits 282 and one or more combined receiving circuits 284 may include one or more intermediate frequency (IF) downconversion circuits 286, IF processing circuits 288, baseband downconversion circuits 290, baseband processing circuits 292, and analog-to-digital converter (ADC) circuits 294. As used herein, the term "intermediate frequency" refers to the frequency to which the carrier frequency (or frequency signal) is shifted as in intermediate steps of transmission, reception, and / or signal processing. The IF downconversion circuit 286 converts the received RF signal into IF. The IF processing circuit 288 processes the IF signal, for example, via filtering and amplification. The baseband downconversion circuit 290 converts the signal from the IF processing circuit 288 into baseband. The baseband processing circuit 292 processes the baseband signal, for example, via filtering and amplification. The ADC circuit 294 converts the processed analog baseband signal into a digital signal.

[0047] Figure 3 It shows that according to some aspects Figure 2Aexemplary RF circuit in a wireless receiver. In one aspect, Figure 2A RF circuit 225 (shown in FIG. 2B) in a wireless receiver can include one or more of IF interface circuit 305, filtering circuit 310, up- and down-conversion circuit 315, synthesizer circuit 320, filtering and amplification circuit 324, power combining and distribution circuit 330, and radio link circuit 335. Figure 3

[0048] Figures 4-6 A mmWave receiver 400 according to some aspects is shown. The receiver 400 includes a radio frequency front end 405, a delta-sigma analog-to-digital converter (ΔΣ ADC) 410, a first gain controller 415, a second gain controller 420, an interference estimator circuit 425, a filter circuit 427, and an input / output (I / O) interface 430.

[0049] In one example, the RFFE 405 is a multi-antenna radio frequency front end. Each antenna receives analog signals and provides these analog signals into parallel channels 435.

[0050] In one example, the ΔΣ ADC 410 is in each channel 435. As shown, the ADC 410 each includes a first amplifier 440, a combining circuit 445, a low pass filter 450, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 455, a second amplifier 460 (shown in FIG. 4B), a quantizer circuit 465, and a decimator circuit 470. Figures 5-6 Figure 6

[0051] The receiver 400 can be configured to operate in two separate modes depending on the calculations and determinations made by the interference estimator circuit 425. In a first mode, as shown, the interference estimator circuit 425 determines whether the first signal of the samples includes interference. If no interference in the signal is detected, then interference cancellation is not needed, and the second gain controller 420 does not adjust the gain in the channel at the second amplifier 460. Specifically, the interference filter 427 is set to an identity matrix that takes the output of the ith quantizer and feeds it to the ith DAC, where I = 1, …, Nr. Thus, the receiver 400 operates in an unfiltered Δ-Σ operating state. Figure 5

[0052] When the interference estimator module 425 determines that a signal, such as the first signal, includes interference, the estimator causes the receiver 400 to operate in a second mode, as shown. In the second mode, because interference is detected, the filter 427 operates to provide cancellation of the interference as the second gain controller 420 changes the gain provided by the second amplifier 460. Figure 6

[0053] ​​​​​Figure 7 A flow chart showing the operation of the receiver to start the first mode of operation, where the interference estimator module operates within the receiver to determine the mode of the receiver. In one example, the receiver is the receiver 400 of Figures 4-6 In the first mode, the first input signal 700 is sent from the quantizer 705 to the decimator 710 before being sent to the I / O interface 715. The interference estimator circuit 720 samples the first input signal 700 and estimates the direction of arrival (DoA) of the signal at operation 725 using an algorithm. In an example, the algorithm can be MUSIC, ESPRIT, compressive sensing, etc. to estimate the DoA.

[0054] At operation 730, the estimator circuit 720 finds or determines the dominant path of the signal. Specifically, the algorithm uses the correlation between the antenna elements to find the direction of the received path. Thus, in one example, the set of angles of arrival is the beamforming vector where is the direction θ i of the beamforming vector, is the signal received during the preamble period. As such, θ i The beamforming vector of the θ i is designed such that the null is towards other angles of arrival Φ v t and the dominant paths having power above this threshold are identified as follows: where Φ d is the set of angles of arrival corresponding to the dominant received paths.

[0055] The received paths need to be identified because if such paths are interference, then the interference saturates the low dynamic range ADC, resulting in significant distortion and undesirable clipping of the received signal. Moreover, if the dominant received paths are the desired signal, then removing the smaller signal interference is unnecessary because such smaller interference is cancelled at baseband. Thus, filtering and the associated power consumption is undesirable.

[0056] At operation 735, a decision is then made as to whether the dominant paths are interference. Specifically, for each dominant path in Φ d the beam vector is applied to obtain the beamformed signal as follows: Specifically, the beamforming vector cT θ j reject signals received from other directions. The beamformed signal Z j is then subjected to time and frequency offset estimation. After providing frequency and time offset correction, the beamformed signal Z j is associated with a preamble to estimate the received signal strength. If the received signal strength is lower than p j , then θ j the incoming direction from which the signal is received is identified as an interferer, because the received signal from direction θ j is not associated with a preamble. Otherwise, the signal is associated and thus designated as a desired signal. This is shown as follows: where 1 interference is an indicator function of interference, and d is a design choice that takes into account estimation error. Thus, if the main path is not interference, and the decision at operation 735 is no, then the receiver remains in mode 1. If the main path is interference, and the decision at operation 735 is yes, then an interference filter is computed at operation 740.

[0057] In particular, at operation 740, if the main path is interference, then a filter is computed. In this way, if an interferer is detected in the first mode, the interference estimator circuit 720 then switches the receiver to "go to mode 2" for operation, as shown in Figure 8 Thus, the receiver switches from operation as shown in Figure 5 to operation as shown in Figure 6 .

[0058] Figure 8 A flowchart diagram of a receiver operating in a second mode (e.g., mode 2) in which interference is being cancelled, according to some aspects, is shown. In the second mode, the first input signal 800 is sent from quantizer 805 to decimator 810 before being sent to I / O interface 815. In mode 2, for an oversampling ratio K at the delta-sigma ADC, every nthK (n e Z + ) sample contains the interference signal when there is interference. Thus, at 820, these samples are discarded before being sent to decimator 810. With the samples discarded in K, the decimation down-samples by a factor of K-1 before delivering the data to I / O interface 815.

[0059] At operation 825, the gain is adjusted before quantization with a gain controller. In one example, the gain controller is a control Figure 6 ​the second gain controller 420 of the second amplifier 460. Specifically, after the interference is cancelled, the power level of the received signal is reduced. Therefore, the power of the signal must be adjusted before quantization. Thus, the gain controller is used to amplify the interference free signal after the interference is cancelled. Specifically, a gain is provided to fit the signal within the dynamic range of the quantizer 805. In this way, the interference is minimized even if not cancelled by the receiver, while still providing a robust signal for transmission.

[0060] Figure 9 A mmWave receiver 900 is shown in accordance with some aspects. In one example, the receiver 900 is similar to the receiver of FIG. 1, operating based on a second mode of operation of the receiver using an interference estimator, such as the interference estimator module 425. Alternatively, in another example, the interference estimator is not used. The mmWave receiver 900 includes a radio frequency front end 905, a delta sigma analog-to-digital converter (ΔΣ ADC) 910, a first gain controller 915, a second gain controller 920, a filter 925, and a baseband processor 930. Figure 6

[0061] In one example, the RFFE 905 is a multi-antenna radio frequency front end. Each antenna receives analog signals and provides those analog signals into parallel channels 935.

[0062] In one example, the ΔΣ ADC 910 is in each channel. The ADC 910 each includes a first amplifier 940, a combining circuit 945, a low pass filter 950, a DAC 955, a second amplifier 960, a quantizer circuit 965, and a decimator circuit 970.

[0063] The first amplifier 940 receives the analog signals from the antennas of the RFFE 905 and provides a gain to the signals before sending the signals to the combining module 945. In one example, the combining module 945 combines the amplified received signals with a filtered signal converted from a digital signal to an analog signal by the digital-to-analog converter 955. In examples where interference cancellation is desired, this filtered signal is provided to reduce and / or cancel such interference from the amplified signals. The signals are then received at the low pass filter 950 to shape the out-of-band quantization noise, and sent to the second amplifier 960, where amplification of the signals occurs again. The quantizer circuit 965 then quantizes the signals, decimates to downsample the signals, and ultimately provides to the baseband processor 930.

[0064] ​The first gain controller AGC 1 915 receives samples of the signal after decimation and determines adjustments or changes to the first amplifier 940 for the second signal based on the first signal. In this way, the first gain controller AGC 1 915 controls the gain provided by the first amplifier 940 based on the initial signal.

[0065] In this example, the second gain controller AGC 2 920 and filter 925 sample the signal after the signal is quantized and before decimation. Specifically, in this example, the second gain controller 920 includes a detector with an algorithm that estimates the interference direction of arrival, a feedback filter designed to provide input to the combining module 945, and computes the gain of the second amplifier 960 based on the interference direction of arrival of the analog-to-digital converter.

[0066] Figure 10 An example gain controller 1000 is shown, which in one example is Figure 9 the first gain controller 915 shown. The gain controller 1000 includes a detector 1005, a combining circuit 1010 that receives a reference signal, and a gain circuit 1015 of the detector 1005.

[0067] The gain controller 1000 samples the signal of the delta sigma ADC 1020. In one example, the gain controller uses an algorithm that estimates the saturated input signal when sampling a saturated signal. Specifically, when a saturated signal is received, the estimation algorithm provides: The received signal is estimated in the following way using the one-to-one function f(.) as follows: The controller 1000 uses a look-up table (LUT) to emulate the function f(.) to determine the estimate of the received signal during such saturation. The LUT is designed to estimate the received signal level from a number of saturated samples. When considering the samples, all the antennas of the RFFE (such as the RFFE 905) are used together since the mmWave channel is correlated and presents similar power levels across the entire antenna.

[0068] The first amplifier (such as the first amplifier 940) is then adjusted based on the estimate of the received signal. Figure 9The gain is adjusted accordingly on the first amplifier 940) of the RFFE. The outputs of all antennas of the RFFE are considered together for a multiple-input receiver, such that the same gain a is applied to each radio frequency (RF) link or channel. In addition to the lower complexity of the power receiver design, using the same gain for each antenna also provides the advantage of having the same noise power for different channels. For subsequent signals, the algorithm of the detector 1005 is used for additional similar adjustments. Such algorithms can include envelope, power detector, etc. In this way, an initial estimate is provided by using a lookup table, and then subsequent adjustments are made by the detector algorithm.

[0069] Figure 11 The architecture within the mmWave receiver 900 is shown Figure 9 The architecture and accompanying exemplary gain controller 1100 within the mmWave receiver 900 is shown. The first gain controller 915 and the first amplifier 940 have been excluded to show only the gain controller 1100 architecture. In some aspects, the gain controller 1100 is the second gain controller 920. The gain controller 1100 includes a detector 1105, a combining circuit 1110 that receives reference signals, and a gain circuit 1115 of the detector 1105. In one example, the gain circuit 1115 provides an algorithm to determine the oversampling of the signal. Specifically, the gain module determines whether the samples satisfy mod (n, OSR) ≠ 1, where n is the oversampling index at the output of the quantizer Q(.) and OSR denotes the oversampling ratio of the ΔΣ ADC. The outputs of all antennas of the RFFE are considered together for a multiple-input receiver, such that the same gain g is applied to each RF link or channel. In finding the optimal gain g opt After, the gain is changed according to the oversampling index as follows g : g = 1, mod (n, OSR) = 1; g = g opt , mod (n, OSR) ≠ 1 Figure 12 A flowchart of an exemplary algorithm 1200 used by the gain module 1115 of the gain controller 1100 of Figure 11 In another example, the algorithm 1200 is used by the second gain controller 920 of the receiver 900 of Figure 9 and uses data collected from the first gain controller 915. At operation 1205, the algorithm 1200 sets g = 1 and computes the gain a at the first gain controller. At operation 1210, the interference direction of the input signal is estimated. At operation 1215, the feedback filter is designed as a ΔΣ ADC. At operation 1220, the gain of the second gain controller is computedg opt At position 1225, g is set to: g = 1, mod (n, OSR) = 1; g = g opt , mod (n, OSR) ≠ 1 In one example, the feedback filter of the 1215 is designed based on the direction of arrival (DoA) estimation of directional blockage interference. After adjusting the first gain controller to change the gain α, the receiver receives... K The known preamble of the symbol. K Such known preambles for a given symbol may include Golay sequences, Zadoff-Chu (LTE) sequences, etc., from the transmitter. The receiver samples and quantizes such received signals, which are represented as follows: Y q = Q ADC (h x x T + h i i T + n) in It is the output of the ADC. It is the channel vector from the associated transmitter. It is the interference channel vector. It is a known leading vector. It is an interference vector. It is a noise matrix, and Q ADC (.) indicates the ΔΣ ADC operation.

[0070] Using matrix Z q Estimating the interference direction. In one example, one of MUSIC, Esprit, or compression sensing is used to estimate the interference direction. Once the direction of the interference source is known, the algorithm provides a filter for eliminating the interference. Thus, filter design only requires the direction of arrival of the interference source.

[0071] In comparison, use Figure 10 First gain controller and Figure 11 Execution as Figure 12 The second gain controller of the provided algorithm Figure 9 The receiver 900 compares the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with other receivers based on the band error ratio (BER). The N value at the receiver is provided. ϒ= 8 antennas, and assuming a signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) equal to -30 dB, and a direction of arrival (DoA) of the interference of 110 degrees.

[0072] When using a receiver 900 of Figure 9 with four (4) bit quantizers, the BER remains similar compared to 7-bit ADC digital band filters and infinite-bit ADC digital band filters; and is lower than 4-bit ADC digital band filters and 8-bit ADC analog band filters. Specifically, when using similar delta sigma ADC receivers without using first and second gain controllers with interference cancellation, the resolution of the ADCs would have to be increased, requiring more power. At the same time, such systems are limited by the array pattern or codebook and the sidelobe level compared to analog beamforming. When a codebook-based discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is used in conjunction with such systems, limited interference suppression can be provided at the highest sidelobes, which is often not enough to cancel the interference.

[0073] Figure 13 Another example mmWave communication system 1300 is shown for suppressing path blockage. The communication system 1300 includes a communication device 1305, a first sensor 1310, and a second sensor 1315 within an environment 1320 that includes an obstacle 1325. In this example, the environment 1320 is shown as a roadway, the obstacle 1325 is shown as a vehicle, and specifically a truck. Additionally, in other examples, the environment can be a location such as a park that a drone traverses, and the obstacle can be a tree or a building.

[0074] Each sensor 1310, 1315 is considered a remote or out-of-band system that only temporarily couples or communicates with the communication device 1305 when the communication device 1305 is within the environment 1320. In one example, each sensor 1310, 1315 can be a lidar, radar, sonar, or the like to provide data and information to the communication device 1305. Each of the sensors 1310, 1315 communicates with the communication device 1305, and optionally with each other to share information and data related to the environment 1320. This includes information related to the obstacle 1325, such as location, velocity, size, and the like.

[0075] Figure 14 An example block diagram of a communication system 1400 is shown, which in one example is the communication system 1300 of Figure 13 FIG. 1. The system 1400 includes a camera system 1405, a lidar and sonar system 1410, a radar system 1415, and a communication device 1420 that includes a blockage prediction and channel modeling engine 1425, a beamforming and self-learning engine 1430, and a beamforming antenna 1435.

[0076] The camera system 1405 can be of any type including digital, infrared, 3D, etc. The camera system 1405 can be coupled to or associated with a vehicle, street sign, road marking, building, etc. Similarly, the lidar and sonar system 1410 and the radar system 1415 can be coupled to or associated with a vehicle, street sign, road marking, building, etc. While described as a lidar and sonar system, in one example, a separate lidar system and sonar system are provided. In another example, only the camera system 1405, lidar system, or sonar system 1410 are provided. Each of these out-of-band systems provides data or information about a given environment, such as images of potential obstacles, distance from the system, radio frequency properties, etc.

[0077] The channel modeling engine 1425 receives inputs from the different systems 1405, 1410, 1415 about potential obstacles, such as line-of-sight obstacles or reflecting objects within the physical channel of the beam to be transmitted. This includes information and data related to the radio frequency (RF) environment of the potential path, which in one embodiment includes in-band information from the communication device.

[0078] The channel modeling engine 1425 uses these inputs with a ray-tracing model in order to trace the paths of all beams of the communication device 1420 in order to predict the propagation characteristics of all beams at a given point in time. The channel modeling engine 1425 also incorporates a prediction algorithm that tracks obstacles in the physical channel, extrapolates trajectories, and predicts obstacles for the link. The results from this prediction algorithm are then incorporated into the propagation model generated by the channel modeling engine 1425.

[0079] In the ray-tracer, rays are traced along physically realizable paths until the rays intercept an object. The ray characteristics also include RF parameters such as polarization state, phase, position, direction, etc. The ray-tracer also uses a physical optics suite that includes both specular and diffuse reflections in the millimeter-wave frequency domain. In particular, since only a limited number of beams are tracked, the minimum time requirements to produce such rays need to be tracked.

[0080] The beamforming engine 1430 receives inputs from the beam propagation model generated by the channel modeling engine 1425 and determines the optimal beam. The optimal beam is determined based on the minimum probability of interruption during transmission as well as the maximum increase in link robustness. Thus, the beamforming engine 1430 performs virtual beamforming using the propagation model and compares the generated potential beams. The beamforming engine 1430 then selects the optimal beam based on the potential beams generated for that point in time. This results in the adjustment of the beam based on sensor or system information related to the environment to account for obstacles within the environment.

[0081] Figure 15 A schematic flow chart diagram illustrating techniques 1500 used by an example channel modeling engine and beamforming engine is shown. In some aspects, the channel modeling engine is the channel modeling engine 1425 of Figure 14 , while the beamforming engine is the beamforming engine 1430 of Figure 14 .

[0082] At operation 1505, the communication device receives signals containing data and information from out-of-band sensors 1510 and processes. Such out-of-band sensors include, but are not limited to, camera systems, lidar systems, sonar systems, radar systems, and the like. Once processed, at operation 1515, the processed obstacle and scene information and data are received along with in-band link or beam information from antennas 1518, and obstacle tracking and blockage prediction are determined accordingly. At operation 1520, the ray tracing engine receives the predicted obstacles and / or blockages along with additional sensor information related to potential obstacles and blockages. In addition, feedback related to previously formed beams is provided from the beamforming engine. From all of this information and data, the ray tracing engine provides a beam propagation model of potential paths for different beams formed.

[0083] At operation 1525, the beamforming engine receives the beam propagation model from the ray tracing engine along with in-band link quality data metrics from antennas 1518. At operation 1530, the communication device adjusts its output to the best beam pair provided by the communication device for antennas 1518.

[0084] By using the described systems, including system 1400 and methods, the performance of the link itself is not affected while eliminating the need to provide a beam search procedure, thereby eliminating the inaccuracies and power loss associated with the beam search procedure. Instead, in line-of-sight deployments, when the main factors affecting beam robustness are dynamic reflectors and blockages, and / or when the out-of-band sensors / systems receive significant redundant information, a significant mitigation of signal interruption and loss is provided while using minimal additional processing power.

[0085] Figure 16A block diagram of an example machine 1600 is illustrated upon which any one or more of the techniques (e.g., methodologies) discussed herein can perform. The machine (e.g., computer system) 1600 can include a hardware processor 1602 (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a hardware processor core, or any combination thereof), a main memory 1604 and a static memory 1606, some or all of which can communicate with one another via an interlink (e.g., bus) 1608. The machine 1600 can further include a display unit 1610, an alphanumeric input device 1612 (e.g., a keyboard), and a user interface (UI) navigation device 1614 (e.g., a mouse). In an aspect, the display unit 1610, input device 1612 and UI navigation device 1614 can be a touch screen display. The machine 1600 can additionally include a storage device (e.g., drive unit) 1616, a signal generation device 1618 (e.g., a speaker), a network interface device 1620, and one or more sensors 1621, such as a global positioning system (GPS) sensor, compass, accelerometer, or other sensor. The machine 1600 can include an output controller 1628, such as a serial (e.g., universal serial bus (USB), parallel, or other wired or wireless (e.g., infrared (IR), near field communication (NFC), etc.) connection to communicate or control one or more peripheral devices (e.g., a printer, card reader, etc.).

[0086] The storage device 1616 can include a machine readable medium 1622 on which is stored one or more sets of data structures or instructions 1624 (e.g., software) embodying or utilized by any one or more of the techniques or functions described herein. The instructions 1624 can also reside, completely or at least partially, within the main memory 1604, within static memory 1606, or within the hardware processor 1602 during

[0087] Although the machine-readable medium 1622 is illustrated as a single medium, the term“machine-readable medium” can include a single medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and / or associated caches and servers) configured to store the one or more instructions 1624. The term“machine-readable medium” can include any medium that is capable of storing, encoding, or carrying instructions for execution by the machine 1600 and that cause the machine 1600 to perform any one or more of the techniques of the present disclosure, or that is capable of storing, encoding or carrying data structures used by or associated with such instructions. Non-limiting machine-readable medium examples can include solid-state memories, and optical and magnetic media. Specific examples of machine-readable media can include: non-volatile memory, such as semiconductor memory devices (e.g., Electrically Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM)) and flash memory devices; magnetic disks such as internal hard disks and removable disks; magneto-optical disks; Random Access Memory (RAM); and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks. In some aspects, a machine-readable medium can include a non-transitory machine-readable medium. In some aspects, a machine-readable medium can include a machine-readable medium that is not a transitory propagating signal.

[0088] The instructions 1624 can further be transmitted or received using a transmission medium via the network interface device 1620 utilizing any one of a number of transfer protocols (e.g., frame relay, internet protocol (IP), transmission control protocol (TCP), user datagram protocol (UDP), hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP), etc.). Example communication networks can include a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a packet data network (e.g., the Internet), mobile telephone networks (e.g., cellular networks), Plain Old Telephone (POTS) networks, and wireless data networks (e.g., Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 family of standards known as Wi-Fi®, IEEE 802.16 family of standards known as WiMax®), IEEE 802.15.4 family of standards, a Long Term Evolution (LTE) family of standards, a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) family of standards, peer-to-peer (P2P) networks, among others. In an aspect, the network interface device 1620 can include one or more physical jacks (e.g., Ethernet, coaxial, or phone jacks) or one or more antennas to connect to the communications network 1626. In an aspect, the network interface device 1620 can include a plurality of antennas to wirelessly communicate using at least one of single-input multiple-output (SIMO), multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), or multiple-input single-output (MISO) techniques. In some aspects, the network interface device 1620 can wirelessly communicate using multiple-user MIMO techniques. The term “transmission medium” shall be taken to include any intangible medium that is capable of storing, encoding, or carrying the instructions for execution by the machine 1600, and includes digital or analog communications signals or other intangible media to facilitate communication of such software.

[0089] Various annotations and aspects Example 1 is a mobile communication device configured to cancel interference within a received millimeter wave band signal, the device comprising: a receiver circuit configured to: receive a millimeter wave band signal; adjust a gain provided to the millimeter wave band signal at a first amplifier; cancel interference in the millimeter wave band signal after the gain is adjusted by the first amplifier; adjust a gain provided to the millimeter wave band signal at a second amplifier after the interference is canceled.

[0090] In Example 2, the subject matter of Example 1 optionally includes the receiver circuit further configured to: determine the interference of the millimeter wave band signal.

[0091] In Example 3, the subject matter of Example 2 optionally includes wherein to determine interference of the millimeter wave band signal, the receiver circuit is further configured to: estimate a direction of arrival of the millimeter wave band signal; determine a dominant path of the millimeter wave band signal based on the direction of arrival; determine whether the millimeter wave band signal includes interference based on the determined dominant path.

[0092] In Example 4, the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 1-3 optionally includes wherein the receiver circuit includes: a first gain control system including a detector coupled to the first amplifier for sampling the millimeter wave band signal; and a second gain control system including a detector coupled to the second amplifier for sampling the millimeter wave band signal.

[0093] In Example 5, the subject matter of Example 4 optionally includes wherein the first gain control system is configured to: estimate a power of the millimeter wave band signal based on millimeter wave band signal samples.

[0094] In Example 6, the subject matter of Example 5 optionally includes wherein the first gain control system is further configured to: receive a plurality of saturated millimeter wave band signal samples; and estimate a power level of the millimeter wave band signal based on the plurality of saturated millimeter wave band signal samples.

[0095] In Example 7, the subject matter of Example 6 optionally includes wherein the first gain control system is further configured to: estimate the power level of the millimeter wave band signal by using a look-up table; adjust the gain provided to the millimeter wave band signal based on the estimated power level.

[0096] In Example 8, the subject matter of Example 7 optionally includes wherein the first gain control system is configured to: adjust the gain provided to the millimeter wave band signal based on feedback related to a previous millimeter wave band signal.

[0097] In Example 9, the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 4-8 optionally includes wherein the second gain control system is configured to: adjust the gain provided to the millimeter wave band signal based on sampled millimeter wave and signals.

[0098] In Example 10, the subject matter of Example 9 optionally includes wherein the second gain control system is configured to: adjust the gain provided to the millimeter wave band signal based on a sampling index.

[0099] In Example 11, the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 1-10 optionally includes the receiver circuit further configured to convert the millimeter wave band signal to a digital representation of the millimeter wave band signal prior to adjusting the gain with the first amplifier.

[0100] Example 12 is a mobile communication device configured to cancel interference within a received millimeter wave band signal, the device comprising: a receiver circuit configured to: receive a millimeter wave band signal; determine whether the millimeter wave band signal includes interference; operate in a first mode to: provide gain adjustment to the millimeter wave band signal with a first amplifier when the millimeter wave band signal does not include interference; operate in a second mode to: cancel interference; and provide gain adjustment to the millimeter wave band with the first amplifier and provide gain adjustment to the millimeter wave band with a second amplifier when the millimeter wave band signal includes interference.

[0101] In Example 13, the subject matter of Example 12 optionally includes wherein to determine interference of the millimeter wave band signal, the receiver circuit is further configured to: estimate a direction of arrival of the millimeter wave band signal; determine a dominant path of the millimeter wave band signal based on the direction of arrival.

[0102] In Example 14, the subject matter of Example 13 optionally includes wherein the receiver circuit is further configured to: compute a filter; and switch from the first mode to the second mode.

[0103] In Example 15, the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 12-14 optionally includes wherein the receiver circuit comprises: a plurality of analog-to-digital converters arranged in parallel.

[0104] In Example 16, the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 12-15 optionally includes wherein the receiver circuit comprises: a low pass filter coupled to the first amplifier and the second amplifier to receive the millimeter wave band signal from the first amplifier and transmit the millimeter wave band signal to the second amplifier; a quantizer coupled to the second amplifier to receive the millimeter wave signal from the second amplifier.

[0105] In Example 17, the subject matter of Example 16 optionally includes wherein the receiver circuit further comprises: a decimation device coupled to the quantizer to receive the millimeter wave signal from the quantizer.

[0106] Example 18 is a mobile communication device configured to receive millimeter wave band signals, the device comprising: beamforming circuitry configured to: receive beam path data from a remote sensor; map a beam path environment based on the beam path data; form a beam based on the mapped beam path environment.

[0107] In Example 19, the subject matter of Example 18 optionally includes: wherein the beam is a first beam, and the beamforming circuitry is further configured to: receive propagation beam data related to the first beam; update the beam path environment based on the propagation beam data; form a second beam based on the updated beam path environment.

[0108] In Example 20, the subject matter of Example 19 optionally includes: wherein the received propagation beam data comprises in-band features.

[0109] In Example 21, the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 19-20 optionally includes: wherein the beamforming circuitry is further configured to: prior to receiving the propagation beam data, predict propagation beam data based on the mapped beam path environment based on modeling parameters; after receiving the propagation beam data, modify the modeling parameters based on the received propagation beam data.

[0110] In Example 22, the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 18-21 optionally includes: wherein the remote sensor is one of a lidar sensor, a radar sensor, or a sonar sensor.

[0111] In Example 23, the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 18-22 optionally includes: wherein the remote sensor is coupled to a vehicle.

[0112] In Example 24, the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 18-23 optionally includes: a camera coupled to the beamforming circuitry for transmitting beam path data.

[0113] In Example 25, the subject matter of any one or more of Examples 18-24 optionally includes: wherein the beamforming circuitry is further configured to: receive beam path data from a remote camera.

[0114] Each of these non-limiting aspects can exist independently, or can be combined in various permutations or combinations with one or more of the other aspects.

[0115] The detailed description includes references to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the detailed description. The drawings are illustrative of specific aspects of the application and are not meant to be limiting. These aspects are also referred to herein as "examples." Such examples can include elements in addition to those illustrated or described. However, the present inventors also contemplate examples in which only those elements shown or described are provided. Moreover, the present inventors also contemplate examples using any combination or permutation of those elements shown or described (or one or more aspects thereof), either with respect to a particular example (or one or more aspects thereof), or with respect to other examples (or one or more aspects thereof) shown or described herein.

[0116] In the event of inconsistent usages of a term in this document and in any document incorporated by reference, the usage in this document controls.

[0117] In this document, the terms "a" or "an" are used, as is common in patent documents, to include one or more than one, independent of any other instances or usages of "at least one" or "one or more." In this document, the term "or" is used to refer to a nonexclusive or, such that "A or B" includes "A but not B," "B but not A," and "A and B," unless otherwise indicated. In this document, the terms "including" and "in which" are used as the plain-English equivalents of the respective terms "comprising" and "wherein." Also, in the following claims, the terms "including" and "comprising" are open-ended, that is, a system, device, article, composition, formulation, or process that includes elements in addition to those listed after such a term in a claim are still deemed to fall within the scope of that claim. Moreover, in the following claims, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. are used merely as labels, and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on their objects.

[0118] Method examples described herein can be machine or computer- implemented at least in part. Some examples can include a computer- readable medium or machine-readable medium encoded with instructions operable to configure an electronic device to perform methods as described in the above examples. An implementation of such methods can include code, such as microcode, assembly language code, a higher-level languages code, or the like. Such code can include computer readable instructions for performing various methods. The code can form portions of computer program products. Further, in an example, the code can be tangibly embodied in one or more volatile or non-volatile, tangible computer-readable media, such as during execution or at other times. Examples of these tangible computer-readable media can include, but are not limited to, hard disk drives, removable magnetic disks, removable optical disks (e.g., compact disks and digital video disks), magnetic cassettes, memory cards or sticks, RAM, ROM, etc.

[0119] The above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. For example, aspects of the above-described examples can be used in combination with each other. Other aspects can be used that are not specifically described herein, such as by one having ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the above description. The Abstract is provided to comply with 37 C.F.R. § 1.72(b) to allow a reader to quickly ascertain the nature of the technical disclosure. It is not intended that the Abstract be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. Also, in the above Detailed Description, various features can be grouped together to streamline the disclosure. This should not be interpreted as intending that the claimed subject matter requires features to be grouped in any specific manner. Furthermore, the claimed subject matter can be implemented in a number of different forms, all of which have been contemplated to be within the scope of the claimed subject matter. In the claims, means-plus-function, step-plus-function, and / or other functional claim elements can be set forth in conjunction with the functions described in the above specification. Any of the examples described herein can be used in combination with any of the other examples described herein. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense. It is to be expressly understood that the claims are intended to be as broad as possible and are intended to be construed to encompass all alternatives and modifications falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A receiver, comprising: The radio frequency front end is configured to receive millimeter-wave band signals; An interference estimator is configured to estimate whether a first signal includes interference. as well as The processing circuit is configured as follows: A first amplification gain adjustment is provided to amplify the millimeter-wave band signal to obtain a second signal; The first signal is derived from the second signal; as well as When the first signal includes interference: Calculate and generate the filter output signal; The second signal is adjusted via the filter output signal to at least partially eliminate interference in the second signal to obtain an adjusted second signal. A second amplification gain adjustment is provided to amplify the adjusted second signal to obtain the adjusted first signal.

2. The receiver according to claim 1, wherein the processing circuit comprises: Multiple ΔΣ analog-to-digital converters arranged in parallel.

3. The receiver of claim 2, wherein each of the plurality of ΔΣ analog-to-digital converters comprises: A first amplifier is configured to amplify the millimeter-wave band signal; A second amplifier is configured to amplify the adjusted second signal; A low-pass filter having an input coupled to the output of the first amplifier and an output coupled to the input of the second amplifier; as well as A quantizer having an input coupled to the output of the second amplifier.

4. The receiver of claim 3, wherein each ΔΣ analog-to-digital converter further comprises: The extractor has an input coupled to the output of the quantizer.

5. The receiver according to claim 3, wherein the processing circuit further comprises: A first gain controller is configured to control the gain of the first amplifier to provide first amplification gain adjustment; as well as A second gain controller is configured to control the gain of the second amplifier to provide the second amplification gain adjustment.

6. The receiver according to claim 2, further comprising: The input / output interface is configured to receive signals output by the plurality of ΔΣ analog-to-digital converters.

7. A mobile communication device for wireless communication, the mobile communication device comprising: The antenna is configured to receive millimeter-wave band signals; as well as The receiver circuitry is communicatively coupled to the antenna and is configured to: The millimeter-wave band signal is acquired from the antenna. Gain adjustment is provided to the first amplifier, and the millimeter-wave band signal is amplified via the first amplifier to obtain the second signal. The first signal is derived from the second signal. Determine whether the first signal includes interference, and When it is determined that the first signal includes interference: Calculate and generate the filter output signal; The second signal is adjusted via the filter output signal to at least partially eliminate interference in the second signal to obtain an adjusted second signal. A second gain adjustment is provided to a second amplifier, and the adjusted second signal is amplified via the second amplifier to obtain an adjusted first signal.

8. The mobile communication device of claim 7, wherein, in order to determine whether the first signal includes interference, the receiver circuit is configured to: Estimate the direction of arrival of the millimeter-wave band signal; The main path of the millimeter-wave band signal is determined based on the direction of arrival; and Determine whether at least one primary path in the path is a disturbance.

9. The mobile communication device according to claim 7, wherein the receiver circuit comprises: Multiple ΔΣ analog-to-digital converters arranged in parallel.

10. The mobile communication device according to claim 7, wherein the receiver circuit comprises: ΔΣ analog-to-digital converter, the ΔΣ analog-to-digital converter comprising: The first amplifier and the second amplifier; A low-pass filter having an input coupled to the output of the first amplifier and an output coupled to the input of the second amplifier; and A quantizer having an input coupled to the output of the second amplifier.

11. The mobile communication device according to claim 10, wherein the ΔΣ analog-to-digital converter further comprises: The extractor has an input coupled to the output of the quantizer.

12. A mobile communication device for wireless communication, the device comprising: The antenna is configured to receive millimeter-wave band signals; as well as The receiver circuit is configured as follows: The millimeter-wave band signal is obtained from the antenna; The gain of the first amplifier is adjusted, and the millimeter-wave band signal is amplified via the first amplifier to obtain an amplified millimeter-wave band signal; Calculate and generate the filter output signal; The amplified millimeter-wave bandgap signal is adjusted using the filter output signal to at least partially eliminate interference in the amplified millimeter-wave bandgap signal, thereby obtaining an adjusted millimeter-wave bandgap signal. The gain of the second amplifier is adjusted, and the adjusted millimeter-wave band signal is amplified via the second amplifier to obtain an amplified adjusted millimeter-wave band signal.

13. The device according to claim 12, wherein the receiver circuit is further configured as follows: Determine whether the millimeter-wave band signal includes interference.

14. The device of claim 13, wherein, in order to determine whether the millimeter-wave band signal includes interference, the receiver circuitry is further configured to: Estimate the direction of arrival of the millimeter-wave band signal; The main path of the millimeter-wave band signal is determined based on the direction of arrival; and Based on the identified primary path, it is determined whether the millimeter-wave band signal includes interference.

15. The device of claim 12, wherein the receiver circuitry comprises: A first gain control system includes a detector coupled to the first amplifier for sampling the millimeter-wave band signal; as well as The second gain control system includes a detector coupled to the second amplifier for sampling the millimeter-wave band signal.

16. The device of claim 15, wherein the first gain control system is configured to: The power of the millimeter-wave band signal is estimated based on millimeter-wave band signal samples.

17. The device of claim 16, wherein the first gain control system is further configured to: Receive multiple saturated millimeter-wave band signal samples; and The power level of the millimeter-wave band signal is estimated based on the multiple saturated millimeter-wave band signal samples.

18. The device of claim 17, wherein the first gain control system is further configured to: The power level of the millimeter-wave band signal is estimated by using a lookup table; The gain of the first amplifier is adjusted based on the estimated power level.

19. The device of claim 18, wherein the first gain control system is further configured to adjust the gain of the first amplifier based on feedback related to a previous millimeter-wave band signal.

20. The device of claim 15, wherein the second gain control system is configured to adjust the gain of the second amplifier based on the sampled millimeter-wave band signal.

21. The device of claim 20, wherein the second gain control system is configured to further adjust the gain of the second amplifier based on a sampling index.

22. The device of claim 12, wherein the receiver circuitry is further configured to convert the millimeter-wave band signal into a digital representation of the millimeter-wave band signal before adjusting the gain of the first amplifier.

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