Winding apparatus, winding method, battery, and electric device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a winding device, a winding method, a battery and an electric device. The winding device comprises: a conveying mechanism configured to provide a first electrode sheet, a second electrode sheet, a first separator and a second separator; a winding mechanism comprising a winding needle, configured to allow the first electrode sheet, the second electrode sheet, the first separator and the second separator to be wound around the outer periphery of the winding needle; a driving assembly configured to apply a driving force to the outer periphery of a winding body formed by the first electrode sheet, the second electrode sheet, the first separator and the second separator during winding, so as to rotate the winding body; the driving assembly comprises: a transmission belt covering part of the outer periphery of the winding body, the transmission belt being configured to rotate and apply pressure to the winding body, so as to transmit a driving torque to the winding body through interfacial friction. The driving assembly allows the winding body to be separated from the continuous pulling force from the conveying end, thereby alleviating problems such as continuous compression of the inner circle layer gap, poor electrolyte impregnation of the inner circle, limited expansion space and the like caused by an increase in the number of winding layers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a winding device, a winding method, a battery, and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] In the electrode assembly manufacturing process, the winding equipment, as a key piece of equipment in the core process, directly affects the quality and production efficiency of the electrode assembly. In some related technologies, the winding equipment relies on needle-driven technology, where the diaphragm is pre-wound by the needle before the electrode sheet is inserted to complete the winding of the electrode assembly. However, during the winding process, as the number of turns and the diameter of the winding body increase, the torque on the inner ring of the winding body increases, causing excessive compression of the interlayer gap between the cathode and anode sheets in the inner ring. This not only affects the wetting of the electrolyte in the inner ring, but also, due to insufficient expansion space, can lead to the collapse of the inner ring, affecting the performance and safety of the electrode assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Some embodiments of this application provide a winding apparatus, winding method, battery, and power supply device to alleviate the problem of poor performance of electrode assemblies.

[0004] Some embodiments of this application also provide a winding apparatus for producing an electrode assembly, comprising: a conveying mechanism for providing a first electrode, a second electrode, a first diaphragm, and a second diaphragm; a winding mechanism including a winding needle configured to wind the first electrode, the second electrode, the first diaphragm, and the second diaphragm around its outer periphery; a driving assembly configured to apply a driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the wound body formed by the first electrode, the second electrode, the first diaphragm, and the second diaphragm during the winding process, causing it to rotate; the driving assembly being configured to contact the outer peripheral surface of the wound body and drive the wound body to rotate via friction; the driving assembly including a second driving assembly, the second driving assembly including: a transmission belt covering a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the wound body, the transmission belt being configured to rotate and apply pressure to the wound body to transmit a driving torque to the wound body via interfacial friction; wherein the wound body forms the electrode assembly after winding is completed.

[0005] In the above embodiments, the driving component is used to apply a driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the winding body to independently drive the winding body to rotate. This changes the rotation driving force of the winding body from the tension-driven mode in related technologies to an externally applied driving mode. This allows the portion of the electrode that has been wound onto the winding body to be freed from the continuous tension from the conveying end, alleviating the problem of continuous compression of the inner layer gap as the number of winding layers increases. This, in turn, alleviates technical defects such as poor electrolyte wetting in the inner ring and limited expansion space, thereby improving the stress distribution inside the electrode assembly and enhancing the cycle life, rate performance, and safety of the electrode assembly.

[0006] In the above embodiments, the driving component drives the winding body to rotate via friction, so that the rotation of the winding body is directly provided with torque from the outside, without relying on the electrode tension to transmit driving force. The wound electrode portion no longer bears continuous tensile stress, and the compression tendency of the inner layer gap is alleviated, which is beneficial to improving electrolyte wetting and providing buffer space for volume expansion during charging and discharging. At the same time, the friction drive has fast response, is easy to adjust, can adapt to changes in winding diameter, and improves winding stability.

[0007] In the above embodiments, the transmission belt partially contacts and covers a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the wound body, transmitting driving torque to the wound body through interfacial friction. This arrangement ensures that the rotational driving force of the wound body is provided by the external transmission belt, rather than relying on the tension of the electrode sheets, which helps to reduce the continuous tensile stress borne by the wound electrode layers.

[0008] In some embodiments, the drive assembly is configured to apply pressure to the outer peripheral surface of the wound body to form a tension isolation interface, thereby detaching the wound body from the tension of the conveying mechanism.

[0009] In the above embodiments, the tension between the portion of the electrode already wound onto the winding body and the conveying end tends to be isolated, forming a local tension attenuation region. The electrode tension mainly acts on the front end region near the winding point to maintain electrode alignment and interlayer adhesion, while the inner wound portion is in a low-stress or non-continuously stretched state. In this winding mode, the compression effect between the inner electrode layers is reduced, the porosity is relatively increased, which is beneficial to the uniformity of electrolyte wetting and provides buffer space for the volume expansion of the electrode material during charging and discharging.

[0010] In some embodiments, the drive assembly includes a first drive assembly comprising: at least one outer drive roller in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the wound body, the outer drive roller being configured to rotate and apply pressure to the wound body to transmit drive torque to the wound body via interfacial friction.

[0011] In the above embodiments, the rotation of the wound body is directly driven by an external drive roller, eliminating the need to rely on electrode tension as a power transmission path, thus facilitating the decoupling of drive and tension. By adjusting the pressure and rotational speed of the external drive roller, the torque requirements of different winding stages can be adapted, improving drive stability. Furthermore, this structure is simple and responsive, making it suitable for integration and control in winding equipment in related technologies.

[0012] In some embodiments, at least one of the at least one external drive roller is a main drive roller.

[0013] In the above embodiments, in the multi-roller mechanism, one of the external drive rollers serves as the main drive roller, while the remaining external drive rollers can be configured as driven rollers or auxiliary drive rollers in torque control mode. This configuration helps reduce dynamic interference between multiple drive rollers caused by speed or torque mismatch, and reduces the risk of redundant accumulation or alignment deviations of the electrode or diaphragm during winding.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second drive assembly further includes: two drive rollers, the drive belt being wound in a closed loop around the outer periphery of the two drive rollers, and at least one of the two drive rollers being a main drive roller.

[0015] In the above embodiment, a transmission belt is sleeved around the outer periphery of the transmission roller and is connected to it for transmission. When the transmission roller rotates, it drives the transmission belt to move synchronously, thereby driving the winding body to rotate through the friction between the transmission belt and the outer surface of the winding body. At the same time, it can reduce dynamic interference caused by mismatch in speed or torque between multiple drive rollers.

[0016] In some embodiments, the winding apparatus further includes a controller electrically connected to the drive assembly, the controller being configured to control the contact pressure of the drive assembly on the winding body according to winding state parameters of the winding body, so as to adjust the rotational speed of the winding body; the winding state parameters include: number of winding turns, length of wound electrode sheet or winding angle.

[0017] In the above embodiments, the winding state parameters include: the number of winding turns, the length of the wound electrode sheet, and the winding angle. The drive assembly can dynamically adjust its output pressure, rotation speed, or contact angle according to the winding state parameters, thereby controlling the final diameter of the electrode assembly and reducing problems such as electrode tab misalignment.

[0018] In some embodiments, the driving component is configured to drive the rotation of the wound body throughout the winding process.

[0019] In the above embodiments, the drive assembly is configured to continuously provide driving force throughout the entire electrode winding process, independently bearing the torque output required for the rotation of the wound body. In this drive mode, the rotation of the wound body is dominated by the drive assembly from the initial stage, without relying on pre-winding by the winding needle or electrode tension to establish initial rotation. Maintaining separation between the drive path and the electrode tension path helps reduce the electrode conveying tension in subsequent stages, allowing the wound portion to gradually escape the continuous tension state. This reduces the torque on the inner ring and mitigates the problem of excessively small gaps between the inner ring electrodes.

[0020] In some embodiments, the winding mechanism further includes: a power member, which is driven to be connected to the winding needle, the power member being configured to drive the winding needle to rotate so that the winding needle drives the first electrode, the second electrode, the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm to complete the initial winding and form the winding body; wherein the driving component is configured to drive the winding body to rotate after the initial winding is completed to complete the remaining winding.

[0021] In the above embodiments, the small diameter of the winding needle can be used to precisely control the winding process at the beginning stage, reducing the risk that the outer peripheral drive assembly may have difficulty effectively contacting or applying sufficient driving torque due to the small diameter of the wound body. Providing power through the drive assembly in the middle and later stages of winding helps to reduce the electrode conveying tension in these stages, allowing the wound portion to gradually escape the continuous stretching state. This reduces the torque on the inner ring and mitigates the problem of excessively small gaps between the inner ring electrodes.

[0022] In some embodiments, the power element is further configured to assist in driving the winding needle to rotate as the drive assembly drives the winding body to complete the remaining winding.

[0023] In the above embodiments, the winding needle can also be driven to rotate by the power component throughout the entire process. However, during the process of the driving component driving the winding body to complete the remaining winding, the driving component is the main power source, and the power component is only an auxiliary power source. The power component drives the winding needle to rotate, so that the winding needle and the winding body can rotate at basically the same speed, thereby reducing the resistance generated by the winding needle on the winding body.

[0024] Some embodiments of this application also provide a winding method for winding to generate an electrode assembly, comprising the following steps: providing a first electrode, a second electrode, a first diaphragm, and a second diaphragm via a conveying mechanism; guiding the first electrode, the second electrode, the first diaphragm, and the second diaphragm to the outer periphery of a winding needle; applying a rotational driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the stacked structure formed by the first electrode, the second electrode, the first diaphragm, and the second diaphragm via a driving component to drive the stacked structure to rotate around the winding needle and form a wound body; and continuing to apply a rotational driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the wound body via the driving component to continue winding the wound body to form an electrode assembly.

[0025] In the above embodiments, the driving component is configured to apply a driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the winding body to rotate it, and cooperates with the conveying mechanism to make the winding body free from the tension of the conveying mechanism. This allows the portion of the electrode sheet that has been wound onto the winding body to be freed from the continuous tension from the conveying end and to be in a low-stress or tension-free state. This alleviates the problem of continuous compression of the gap between the inner ring layers as the number of winding layers increases, thereby alleviating technical defects such as poor electrolyte wetting in the inner ring and limited expansion space. As a result, the stress distribution inside the electrode assembly is improved, and the cycle life, rate performance and safety of the electrode assembly are enhanced.

[0026] In some embodiments, during the process of the drive assembly driving the stacked structure to rotate around the winding needle to form a winding body and the drive assembly applying a rotational driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the winding body to make the winding body continue to be wound to form an electrode assembly, the rotation of the winding needle is assisted by a power component.

[0027] In the above embodiments, the winding needle can be driven to rotate by the power component throughout the entire process. However, during the process of the driving component driving the winding body to wind, the driving component is the main driving source and the power component is the auxiliary driving source. The power component only assists in driving the winding needle to rotate, so that the winding needle and the winding body can rotate at basically the same speed, thereby reducing the resistance generated by the winding needle on the winding body.

[0028] Some embodiments of this application also provide a winding method for winding to generate an electrode assembly, comprising the following steps: providing a first electrode sheet, a second electrode sheet, a first diaphragm, and a second diaphragm through a conveying mechanism; driving a winding needle to rotate through a power component to drive the first electrode sheet, the second electrode sheet, the first diaphragm, and the second diaphragm to rotate around the winding needle, thereby completing the initial winding and forming a wound body; after the initial winding is completed, applying a rotational driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the wound body through a driving component to drive the wound body to rotate, thereby completing the remaining winding and forming the electrode assembly.

[0029] In the above embodiments, during the initial winding stage, the winding needle is driven by a power component to rotate actively, directly driving the electrode sheet and diaphragm to wind. This helps to control the alignment, tightness of the first turn, and interlayer position, avoiding slippage or misalignment caused by insufficient external driving friction. After the initial winding is completed, the drive component applies a rotational driving force from the periphery of the winding body, making the point of application of the driving force away from the center of the winding needle. This helps to reduce the electrode sheet conveying tension in subsequent stages, allowing the wound portion to gradually escape from the continuous stretching state. This helps to reduce the torque on the inner ring and reduce the problem of excessively small gaps between the inner ring electrodes.

[0030] In some embodiments, the end of the initial winding stage is based on at least one state parameter in the winding process reaching a preset condition, the state parameter including any one of the number of winding turns, the length of the wound electrode, or the outer diameter of the winding body.

[0031] In the above embodiments, the end of the initial winding stage is automatically determined based on whether the actual winding state (such as the number of winding turns, electrode length, or outer diameter of the winding body) meets preset conditions. This ensures that the system switches to the external drive-dominated mode at the appropriate time when the structure is stable and the interlayer bonding is reliable, avoiding slippage due to premature switching or excessively small gaps between inner electrode sheets due to late switching. Furthermore, different electrode assembly models correspond to different electrode widths, thicknesses, or target diameters. If a fixed number of turns is used for switching, it is difficult to meet the needs of various products. This application, through a multi-parameter selectable judgment mechanism, can adapt to the winding characteristics of different specifications of electrode assemblies, significantly improving equipment versatility and batch consistency.

[0032] In some embodiments, during the process of applying a rotational driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the winding body through the driving component to drive the winding body to rotate, complete the remaining winding, and thereby form the electrode assembly, the rotation of the winding needle is assisted by a power component.

[0033] In the above embodiments, the winding needle can be driven to rotate by the power component throughout the entire process. However, during the process of the driving component driving the winding body to complete the remaining winding, the driving component is the main driving source and the power component is the auxiliary driving source. The power component only assists in driving the winding needle to rotate, so that the winding needle and the winding body can rotate at basically the same speed, thereby reducing the resistance generated by the winding needle on the winding body.

[0034] Some embodiments of this application also provide a battery including an electrode assembly, which is fabricated using the winding equipment described above.

[0035] In the above embodiments, the battery includes an electrode assembly prepared using the above-described winding equipment, and accordingly possesses the beneficial effects of an electrode assembly.

[0036] Some embodiments of this application also provide an electrical device that includes the battery described above.

[0037] In the above embodiments, the electrical device includes a battery, and the battery includes an electrode assembly prepared using the above-described winding equipment. Therefore, the electrical device accordingly possesses the beneficial effects of the electrode assembly.

[0038] Based on the above technical solution, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0039] In some embodiments, the drive assembly is used to apply a driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the winding body to independently drive the winding body to rotate. This changes the rotational driving force of the winding body from a tension-driven mode in related technologies to an externally applied driving mode. This allows the portion of the electrode that has been wound onto the winding body to be freed from the continuous tension from the conveying end, alleviating the problem of continuous compression of the inner layer gap as the number of winding layers increases. This, in turn, alleviates technical defects such as poor electrolyte wetting in the inner ring and limited expansion space, thereby improving the stress distribution inside the electrode assembly and enhancing the cycle life, rate performance, and safety of the electrode assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle disclosed in some embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery disclosed in some embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell disclosed in some embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a winding device in some related technologies;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a simplified schematic diagram of a winding device disclosed in some embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a winding device disclosed in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a winding device disclosed in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a winding device disclosed in Embodiment 3 of this application;

[0049] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a winding device disclosed in Embodiment 4 of this application;

[0050] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a winding device disclosed in some embodiments of this application.

[0051] The accompanying drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0052] Marking Explanation: 1-Conveying mechanism; 11-Electrode conveying mechanism; 12-Diaphragm conveying mechanism; 2-Drive assembly; 21-First drive assembly; 211-Outer drive roller; 22-Second drive assembly; 221-Drive belt; 222-Drive roller; 3-Winding mechanism; 31-Winding needle; 10-Electrode; 10a-First electrode; 10b-Second electrode; 20-Diaphragm; 20a-First diaphragm; 20b-Second diaphragm; 30-Electrode unwinding mechanism; 40-Diaphragm unwinding mechanism; 50 - Winding body; 60 - Electrode tension buffer mechanism; 70 - Electrode main drive mechanism; 80 - Separator tension buffer mechanism; 100 - Battery; 101 - Housing; 101a - First housing; 101b - Second housing; 102 - Battery cell; 103 - Electrode assembly; 104 - Housing; 105 - End cap; 106 - First terminal; 107 - Second terminal; 108 - Explosion-proof valve; 200 - Vehicle; 201 - Axle; 202 - Wheel; 203 - Motor; 204 - Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to illustrate the principles of this application by way of example, but should not be used to limit the scope of this application, that is, this application is not limited to the described embodiments.

[0054] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. "Vertical" is not vertical in the strict sense, but within the allowable tolerance range. "Parallel" is not parallel in the strict sense, but within the allowable tolerance range.

[0055] The directional terms used in the following description refer to the directions shown in the figures and are not intended to limit the specific structure of this application. It should also be noted in the description of this application that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0056] With the development of the market, the application of batteries is becoming increasingly widespread. Currently, batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric motorcycles and electric cars, as well as many other fields. Therefore, batteries can serve not only as power sources for electrical devices, but also as energy storage components in various energy storage systems.

[0057] refer to Figure 1 In some embodiments, the battery serves as the power source for an electrical device, which is a vehicle 200. The vehicle 200 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc.

[0058] A battery 100 is installed inside the vehicle 200. The battery 100 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 200. The battery 100 can be used to power the vehicle 200; for example, the battery 100 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 200. The vehicle 200 may also include an axle 201, wheels 202 connected to the axle 201, a motor 203, and a controller 204. The motor 203 drives the axle 201 to rotate, the controller 204 controls the operation of the motor 203, and the battery 100 can provide electrical energy for the operation of the motor 203 and other components in the vehicle.

[0059] Therefore, the battery 100 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 200, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 200, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 200.

[0060] refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the battery 100 includes a housing 101 and a battery cell 102, with the battery cell 102 housed within the housing 101. The housing 101 includes a first housing 101a and a second housing 101b, which overlap each other, together defining a space for accommodating the battery cell 102. The second housing 101b may be a hollow structure with one open end, while the first housing 101a may be a plate-like structure, covering the open side of the second housing 101b so that the first housing 101a and the second housing 101b together define the space. Alternatively, the first housing 101a and the second housing 101b may both be hollow structures with one open end, with the open side of the first housing 101a overlapping the open side of the second housing 101b. Of course, the box 101 formed by the first box 101a and the second box 101b can be of various shapes, such as a cylinder or a cuboid.

[0061] There can be multiple battery cells 102, which can be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner. A mixed connection means that multiple battery cells 102 are connected in both series and parallel. Multiple battery cells 102 can be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner together, and then the whole assembly of multiple battery cells 102 is housed in the housing 101. Of course, the battery 100 can also be composed of multiple battery cells 102 first connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner to form a whole assembly, which is also housed in the housing 101.

[0062] refer to Figure 3 The battery cell 102 includes an electrode assembly 103, a housing 104, and an end cap 105. The housing 104 is shaped according to the combination of one or more electrode assemblies 103. For example, the housing 104 can be a hollow cuboid, cube, or cylinder, and one side of the housing 104 has an opening to allow one or more electrode assemblies 103 to be placed inside the housing 104. For example, when the housing 104 is a hollow cuboid or cube, one plane of the housing 104 is the opening, that is, this plane does not have a housing wall, allowing communication between the inside and outside of the housing 104. When the housing 104 is a hollow cylinder, the circular side of the housing 104 is the opening, that is, this circular side does not have a housing wall, allowing communication between the inside and outside of the housing 104. The end cap 105 is connected to the housing 104 at the opening of the housing 104 to form a closed outer shell for placing the electrode assembly 103, and the housing 104 is filled with electrolyte.

[0063] The end cap 105 is basically flat, and it has a first terminal 106, a second terminal 107, and an explosion-proof valve 108. The first terminal 106 and the second terminal 107 have opposite polarities. The explosion-proof valve 108 can be part of the flat surface of the end cap 105, or it can be welded to the flat surface of the end cap 105. When the battery 100 produces too much gas, the gas expands and the gas pressure inside the casing rises to a value exceeding a preset value. At this point, the explosion-proof valve 108 can rupture, allowing communication between the inside and outside of the casing. The gas is released outward through the rupture of the explosion-proof valve 108, thereby reducing the occurrence of an explosion.

[0064] refer to Figure 4The electrode assembly 103 includes an electrode 10 and a diaphragm 20. The electrode 10 includes a first electrode 10a and a second electrode 10b. The first electrode 10a and the second electrode 10b have opposite polarities. Optionally, the first electrode 10a is an anode and the second electrode 10b is a cathode; or, the first electrode 10a is a cathode and the second electrode 10b is an anode. Both the first electrode 10a and the second electrode 10b include a current collector and a coating layer. An active material is coated onto the current collector to form a coating layer. The diaphragm 20 is made of an insulating material. The diaphragm 20 includes a first diaphragm 20a and a second diaphragm 20b. The first electrode 10a, the first diaphragm 20a, the second electrode 10b, and the second diaphragm 20b are stacked and wound sequentially to form the electrode assembly 103.

[0065] refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments, the winding apparatus includes two electrode unwinding mechanisms 30 and two diaphragm unwinding mechanisms 40. One of the two electrode unwinding mechanisms 30 provides a first electrode 10a, and the other provides a second electrode 10b. One of the two diaphragm unwinding mechanisms 40 provides a first diaphragm 20a, and the other provides a second diaphragm 20b. The first electrode 10a, the first diaphragm 20a, the second electrode 10b, and the second diaphragm 20b are wound into a wound body 50, which completes the winding to form an electrode assembly 103.

[0066] In some related technologies, winding equipment typically employs a needle-driven method. The diaphragm is pre-wound using a needle, followed by the introduction of electrode sheets to be wound together with the diaphragm, gradually forming a wound body and ultimately producing an electrode assembly. During this winding process, the electrode sheets are supplied and maintained at a constant tension by an electrode sheet conveying mechanism. As the number of winding layers increases, the diameter of the wound body gradually increases, leading to a continuous increase in the torque generated by the electrode tension within the inner ring of the winding body. This torque significantly compresses the interlayer gap between the first and second electrode sheets in the inner ring region. Excessive compression of the interlayer gap not only reduces the porosity of the inner ring, affecting the penetration and wetting uniformity of the electrolyte, but also limits the expansion space of the electrode material during charging and discharging. Furthermore, the inner ring is prone to structural collapse due to stress concentration, leading to problems such as excessively high local current density and intensified interfacial side reactions, ultimately affecting the cycle life, rate performance, and safety reliability of the electrode assembly.

[0067] Based on this, some embodiments of this application provide a winding device, a winding method, a battery, and an electrical device to alleviate the problem of excessive compression of the interlayer gap between adjacent electrodes in the inner ring of the electrode assembly, resulting in poor performance of the electrode assembly.

[0068] refer to Figure 5 In some embodiments, the winding device includes a conveying mechanism 1, a winding mechanism 3, and a drive assembly 2.

[0069] The conveying mechanism 1 is used to provide the first electrode 10a, the second electrode 10b, the first diaphragm 20a and the second diaphragm 20b.

[0070] The winding mechanism 3 includes a winding needle 31, which is configured to wind the first electrode 10a, the second electrode 10b, the first diaphragm 20a and the second diaphragm 20b around its outer periphery.

[0071] The drive assembly 2 is configured to apply a driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the wound body 50 formed by the first electrode 10a, the second electrode 10b, the first diaphragm 20a and the second diaphragm 20b during the winding process, causing it to rotate.

[0072] The wound body 50 forms an electrode assembly 103 after the winding is completed.

[0073] In the above embodiments, the conveying mechanism 1 includes an electrode conveying mechanism 11 and a diaphragm conveying mechanism 12. The electrode conveying mechanism 11 is configured to provide an electrode 10 and apply tension to the electrode 10. The electrode 10 includes a first electrode 10a and a second electrode 10b. The diaphragm conveying mechanism 12 is configured to provide a diaphragm 20 and apply tension to the diaphragm 20. The diaphragm 20 includes a first diaphragm 20a and a second diaphragm 20b.

[0074] In the above embodiment, the drive component 2 is configured to apply a driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the wound body 50 to rotate it, and cooperates with the conveying mechanism 1 to disengage the wound body 50 from the tension of the conveying mechanism 1.

[0075] In the above embodiments, the conveying mechanism 1 is used to convey the electrode sheet 10 and the diaphragm 20 to the winding body 50, and to apply tension to the electrode sheet 10 and the diaphragm 20 to maintain their flatness and positional stability before entering the winding area, reducing defects such as wrinkles and interlayer misalignment caused by slack or displacement. The driving component 2 is used to apply a driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the winding body 50 to independently drive the winding body 50 to rotate, changing the rotation driving force of the winding body 50 from the tension-driven mode in related technologies to the externally actively applied driving mode. The driving component 2 does not rely on the electrode sheet to achieve torque transmission, but generates torque by applying a driving force to the outer periphery of the winding body, for example, by using an outer drive roller 211 to contact the outer surface of the winding body 50 and apply pressure to form a friction driving force, or by using a transmission belt 221, etc., thereby independently providing the driving torque required for rotation.

[0076] In the above embodiments, the drive assembly 2 and the conveying mechanism 1 cooperate in a coordinated manner, with the core being the realization of "tension decoupling." "Tension decoupling" refers to separating the "guiding function" and "driving function" of the electrode tension during the winding process: the conveying mechanism 1 only undertakes the stable conveying and alignment of the electrode and diaphragm, while the rotation of the winding body 50 can be independently undertaken by the drive assembly 2. Once the drive assembly 2 establishes a stable driving torque, the control system can correspondingly reduce or terminate the tension applied by the conveying mechanism 1, allowing the portion of the electrode already wound onto the winding body to escape the continuous tension from the conveying end, placing it in a low-stress or tension-free state. Simultaneously, the front end of the newly entering winding area of ​​the electrode can still maintain moderate tension to ensure interlayer bonding quality and alignment accuracy. This method alleviates the problem of continuous compression of the inner layer gaps as the number of winding layers increases, thereby mitigating technical defects such as poor inner electrolyte wetting and limited expansion space, thus improving the stress distribution inside the electrode assembly and enhancing its cycle life, rate performance, and safety.

[0077] In some embodiments, the driving force provided by the drive component 2 does not transmit the driving torque through the electrode 10 wound onto the winding body 50.

[0078] In the above embodiments, the driving force provided by the driving component 2 does not transmit the driving torque through the electrode 10 wound onto the winding body 50. That is, the rotational power of the winding body 50 does not rely on the tension borne by the electrode 10 during winding to achieve torque transmission. The driving force is applied independently from the outside, acting directly on the body of the winding body 50 or its outer peripheral contact surface. Therefore, the wound electrode portion no longer bears the compressive torque formed by accumulated tension, the interlayer gap is maintained at a set value, which helps to increase the porosity of the inner ring, thereby facilitating the wetting and transport of the electrolyte inside the electrode assembly, and providing buffer space for the volume expansion of the electrode material.

[0079] refer to Figures 6 to 9 In some embodiments, the drive component 2 is configured to contact the outer peripheral surface of the winding body 50 and drive the winding body 50 to rotate by friction.

[0080] In the above embodiments, the drive component 2 drives the winding body 50 to rotate via friction, so that the rotation of the winding body 50 is directly provided with torque from the outside, without relying on the electrode tension to transmit the driving force, which helps to decouple the driving function from the tension control. As a result, the wound electrode portion no longer bears continuous tensile stress, the tendency of the inner layer gap compression is alleviated, which is beneficial to improve electrolyte wetting and provide buffer space for volume expansion during charging and discharging. At the same time, the friction drive has a fast response and is easy to adjust, can adapt to changes in winding diameter, and improves winding stability.

[0081] In some embodiments, the drive component 2 is configured to apply pressure to the outer peripheral surface of the wound body 50 to form a tension isolation interface, thereby disengaging the wound body 50 from the tension of the conveying mechanism 1.

[0082] In the above embodiment, the driving component 2 is configured to apply pressure to the outer peripheral surface of the winding body 50, forming a tension isolation interface. Under this condition, the tension between the portion of the electrode 10 wound onto the winding body 50 and the conveying end tends to be isolated, forming a local tension attenuation region, which can be functionally regarded as a "tension isolation interface". Thus, the electrode tension mainly acts on the front end region near the winding point to maintain electrode alignment and interlayer adhesion, while the inner wound portion is in a low-stress or non-continuously stretched state. In this winding mode, the compression effect between the inner electrode layers is reduced, the porosity is relatively increased, which is beneficial to the uniformity of electrolyte wetting and provides buffer space for the volume expansion of the electrode material during charging and discharging.

[0083] refer to Figures 6 to 8 In some embodiments, the drive assembly 2 includes a first drive assembly 21. The first drive assembly 21 includes at least one outer drive roller 211 that contacts the outer peripheral surface of the winding body 50. The outer drive roller 211 is configured to rotate and apply pressure to the winding body 50 to transmit drive torque to the winding body 50 through interfacial friction.

[0084] In the above embodiment, the outer drive roller 211 contacts the outer peripheral surface of the winding body 50 and applies pressure thereto, so as to transmit the driving torque to the winding body 50 through the frictional force generated at the contact interface. This arrangement allows the rotation of the winding body 50 to be directly driven by the outer drive roller 211, without relying on the electrode tension as a power transmission path, which helps to decouple the drive from the tension. By adjusting the applied pressure and rotational speed of the outer drive roller 211, the torque requirements of different winding stages can be adapted to improve drive stability. At the same time, this structure is simple and responsive, which is conducive to integration and control in winding equipment in related technologies.

[0085] In the embodiments provided in this application, the contact friction force can be employed as follows: Figure 6 The single external drive roller 211 shown drives the winding body 50 to rotate along the winding direction, or adopts a form such as... Figure 7 The double external drive rollers 211 drive the winding body 50 to rotate along the winding direction, or as shown in the figure. Figure 8 The diagram shows a configuration where the three external drive rollers 211 drive the winding body 50 to rotate along the winding direction. Three embodiments of contact friction are listed below; however, the specific implementation is not limited to these three embodiments.

[0086] Example 1: Single Roller External Drive Mechanism

[0087] like Figure 6 As shown, an outer drive roller 211 is provided, which presses against the outer circumferential surface of the winding body 50. The outer drive roller 211 rotates, and the friction generated between the outer drive roller 211 and the outer surface of the winding body 50 drives the winding body 50 to wind. The outer drive roller 211 can drive the winding body 50 to wind continuously; alternatively, the winding needle 31 can initially drive the diaphragm 20 and electrode 10 to wind a certain number of turns to form the winding body 50, and then the friction generated between the outer drive roller 211 and the outer surface of the winding body 50 drives the winding body 50 to wind subsequent turns.

[0088] Example 2: Dual-roller external drive mechanism

[0089] like Figure 7 As shown, two external drive rollers 211 are provided, one of which can be used as the main drive roller and the other as an auxiliary roller. The auxiliary roller can be a driven roller or a torque roller. The main drive roller presses against the outer surface of the winding body 50, and the torque roller presses against the outer surface of the winding body 50. When the main drive roller or torque roller rotates, the friction generated between the main drive roller or torque roller and the outer surface of the winding body 50 drives the winding body 50 to wind. The main drive roller or torque roller can drive the winding body 50 to wind throughout the entire process; alternatively, the winding needle 31 can drive the diaphragm 20 and electrode 10 to wind a certain number of turns to form the winding body 50, and then the friction generated between the main drive roller or torque roller and the outer surface of the winding body 50 drives the winding body 50 to wind the subsequent turns.

[0090] Example 3: Three-roller external drive mechanism

[0091] refer to Figure 8 Three external drive rollers 211 are provided, one of which can be used as the main drive roller, and the other two can be used as auxiliary rollers. The auxiliary rollers can be driven rollers or torque rollers. The main drive roller presses on the outer surface of the winding body 50, and the torque rollers press on the outer surface of the winding body 50. When the main drive roller or torque roller rotates, the friction generated between the main drive roller or torque roller and the outer surface of the winding body 50 drives the winding body 50 to wind. The main drive roller or torque roller can drive the winding body 50 to wind throughout the entire process; or it can start by the winding needle 31 driving the diaphragm 20 and the electrode 10 to wind a certain number of turns to form the winding body 50, and then the friction generated between the main drive roller or torque roller and the outer surface of the winding body 50 drives the winding body 50 to wind the subsequent turns.

[0092] In multi-roller mechanisms employing two, three, or more external drive rollers 211, a symmetrical or uniformly distributed arrangement along the circumference of the winding body 50 is preferred. This arrangement helps to ensure a more uniform force distribution on the winding body 50 and the winding needles 31 during winding, reducing the risk of needle deflection deformation due to localized force concentration, or wear of the electrode sheets or diaphragms. By applying pressure and driving force at multiple points in a coordinated manner, the driving load is dispersed in the circumferential direction of the winding body 50, which helps to reduce the possibility of localized overpressure, uneven interlayer spacing, wrinkles, or mechanical damage to the winding body 50, thereby improving the stability and consistency of the winding process.

[0093] In some embodiments, at least one of the outer drive rollers 211 is a main drive roller.

[0094] In a multi-roll mechanism, one of the outer drive rolls 211 serves as the main drive roll, while the remaining outer drive rolls 211 can be configured as driven rolls or auxiliary drive rolls in torque control mode. This configuration helps reduce dynamic interference between multiple drive rolls caused by speed or torque mismatch, and reduces the risk of redundant accumulation or alignment deviations of the electrode or diaphragm during winding.

[0095] The auxiliary drive roller in torque control mode also functions as a backup drive unit. The control system can intelligently identify and dynamically switch one or more rollers into drive mode based on the operating status. When the main drive roller experiences abnormal power output or malfunction, the system can automatically activate other rollers with drive capabilities to take over the drive task, thus achieving drive function switching. This setting improves the operational continuity and process safety of external drive winding equipment to a certain extent, helps reduce unplanned downtime, and improves the overall equipment efficiency (OEE).

[0096] In some embodiments, each external drive roller 211 may be equipped with a pressure sensor for real-time monitoring of the contact pressure between the external drive roller 211 and the outer peripheral surface of the winding body 50 during the winding process. The control system can perform closed-loop adjustment of the pressure application mechanism of the external drive roller 211 based on the pressure signal fed back from the sensor and in conjunction with the real-time change in the winding body diameter, dynamically adjusting its normal force. This setup helps maintain the relative stability of the frictional force between the external drive roller 211 and the winding body 50, reducing driving force fluctuations caused by increased winding diameter. By achieving dynamic monitoring and feedback control of the contact pressure, the equipment exhibits better adaptability to diaphragm materials of different thicknesses, such as cathode sheets, anode sheets, and diaphragms, which is beneficial for improving the process compatibility and operational stability of the external drive winding equipment during multi-specification product switching.

[0097] In some embodiments, the outer drive roller 211 is also equipped with a contact angle adaptive adjustment function. During the winding process, the current roll diameter of the wound body 50 is obtained in real time by a diameter detection sensor. Combined with the contact pressure between the outer drive roller 211 and the outer peripheral surface of the wound body 50 monitored by a pressure sensor, the control system dynamically adjusts the extension and retraction position of the outer drive roller 211 to adapt to the geometric changes caused by the increase in roll diameter. This adjustment mechanism causes the contact angle and normal force between the outer drive roller 211 and the wound body 50 to change accordingly, which helps to maintain the stability of the frictional force at the drive interface. The pressure sensor continuously provides feedback on the contact state, and the control system makes fine adjustments accordingly to reduce the risk of diaphragm surface damage due to excessive pressure. By coordinating the control of the position, contact angle, and pressure intensity of the outer drive roller 211, the continuity and uniformity of the driving force transmission during the winding process can be improved to a certain extent. This helps to reduce the unevenness of interlayer gaps caused by driving force fluctuations or local stress concentrations, and improves the consistency of the winding structure of the wound body 50 from the inner layer to the outer layer.

[0098] refer to Figure 9 The drive assembly 2 can also use a transmission belt or other means to contact the outer peripheral surface of the winding body 50 to drive the winding body 50.

[0099] In some embodiments, the drive assembly 2 includes a second drive assembly 22. The second drive assembly 22 includes a drive belt 221. The drive belt 221 covers a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the wound body 50 and is configured to rotate and apply pressure to the wound body 50 to transmit drive torque to the wound body 50 through interfacial friction.

[0100] In the above embodiment, the drive belt 221 partially contacts and covers the outer peripheral surface of the winding body 50, transmitting driving torque to the winding body 50 through interfacial friction. This arrangement ensures that the rotational driving force of the winding body 50 is provided by the external drive belt 221, rather than relying on the tension of the electrode sheet, which helps to reduce the continuous tensile stress borne by the wound electrode layer.

[0101] In some embodiments, the first drive assembly 21 further includes two drive rollers 222, and a drive belt 221 is wound around the outer periphery of the two drive rollers 222 in a closed loop, and at least one of the two drive rollers 222 is a main drive roller.

[0102] In the above embodiment, the transmission belt 221 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the transmission roller 222 and is connected to it for transmission. When the transmission roller 222 rotates, it drives the transmission belt 221 to move synchronously, thereby driving the winding body 50 to rotate through the friction between the transmission belt 221 and the outer surface of the winding body 50. This transmission method has the characteristics of smooth response and controllable contact area, which is beneficial to improving the continuity and uniformity of driving force transmission.

[0103] The following is a fourth embodiment of contact friction.

[0104] Example 4: External Drive Mechanism with Transmission Belt

[0105] refer to Figure 9 The drive belt external drive mechanism is located at at least one position on the outer circumferential surface of the winding body 50. The rotation of the drive roller 222 drives the drive belt 221 to run. The drive belt 221 presses against the outer surface of the winding body 50, and the friction generated between the drive belt 221 and the outer surface of the winding body 50 drives the winding body 50 to wind. This drive mode can be used to participate in the entire winding process; it can also work in conjunction with the winding needle 31. For example, in the initial stage, the winding needle 31 clamps the diaphragm to complete the pre-winding and form a stable starting layer, and then the drive belt 221 takes over to provide the main driving force to realize the subsequent winding.

[0106] In some embodiments, the winding device further includes a controller electrically connected to the drive assembly 2, the controller being configured to control the contact pressure of the drive assembly 2 on the winding body 50, the contact angle of the drive assembly 2 on the winding body 50, and the rotational speed of the drive assembly 2 according to the winding state parameters of the winding body 50, so as to adjust the rotational speed of the winding body 50.

[0107] In the above embodiments, the winding state parameters include: the number of winding turns, the length of the wound electrode sheet, and the winding angle. The drive component 2 can dynamically adjust its output pressure, rotation speed, or contact angle according to the winding state parameters, thereby controlling the final diameter of the electrode assembly and reducing problems such as electrode tab misalignment.

[0108] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the controller is a component of the control system.

[0109] In some embodiments, the drive component 2 is configured to drive the rotation of the wound body 50 throughout the winding process.

[0110] In the above embodiment, the drive assembly 2 is configured to continuously provide driving force throughout the entire electrode winding process, independently bearing the torque output required for the rotation of the wound body 50. In this drive mode, the rotation of the wound body 50 is dominated by the drive assembly 2 from the initial stage, without relying on pre-winding by the winding needle 31 or electrode tension to establish initial rotation. The driving force can be applied to the outer periphery of the wound body 50 via the outer drive roller and transmission belt. Simultaneously, the drive path remains separate from the electrode tension path, which helps to reduce the electrode conveying tension in subsequent stages, allowing the wound portion to gradually escape the continuous tension state. This helps to reduce the torque on the inner ring and mitigate the problem of excessively small gaps between the inner ring electrodes.

[0111] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly winding device further includes a power unit. The power unit is driven and connected to the winding needle 31, and is configured to drive the winding needle 31 to rotate so that the winding needle 31 drives the first electrode 10a, the second electrode 10b, the first diaphragm 20a and the second diaphragm 20b to complete the initial winding, forming a winding body 50; wherein, the driving component 2 is configured to drive the winding body 50 to rotate after the initial winding is completed, to complete the remaining winding.

[0112] In the above embodiment, the power component is driven and connected to the winding needle 31, configured to drive the winding needle 31 to rotate in the initial winding stage to complete the initial winding of a preset number of turns, forming the initial winding structure. In this stage, the diaphragm is held and rotated by the winding needle 31, and the electrode sheet 10 is subsequently introduced, achieving stable winding and interlayer alignment. After the initial winding is completed, the drive component 2 intervenes and takes over providing rotational driving force, driving the formed winding body 50 for subsequent winding until the entire electrode assembly winding process is completed. This staged driving mode allows the winding process to match the corresponding driving method according to the needs of different stages: initially, the winding needle 31 provides stable rotation with high precision and a small diameter, and subsequently, the outer peripheral drive component 2 undertakes the main driving force output. Through the timing coordination of the control system, a smooth transition between the winding needle drive and the outer peripheral drive is achieved. Using the above configuration, the advantage of precise control of the small diameter of the winding needle can be utilized in the initial winding stage, reducing the risk that the outer peripheral drive component may have difficulty effectively contacting or applying sufficient driving torque due to the small diameter of the winding body. During the later stages of winding, the drive assembly 2 provides power, which helps to reduce the tension of the electrode sheet in the later stages, allowing the wound portion to gradually escape from the continuous tension state. This helps to reduce the torque on the inner ring and reduce the problem of excessively small gaps between the inner ring electrodes.

[0113] According to the descriptions of the above embodiments, the drive component 2 can be configured to drive the winding body 50 to rotate throughout the winding process; it can also work in conjunction with the winding needle 31 to adopt a staged drive mode: in the initial stage of winding, the winding needle 31 clamps the diaphragm and drives it to rotate to complete the initial winding of a preset number of turns and form a stable initial layer; after the winding body 50 reaches a certain diameter, the drive component 2 takes over to provide rotational driving force, and through the interaction (such as friction) between itself and the outer peripheral surface of the winding body 50, it drives the winding body 50 to continue to complete the subsequent winding.

[0114] In some embodiments, the power component is further configured to assist in driving the winding needle 31 to rotate during the process of the drive assembly 2 driving the winding body 50 to complete the remaining winding.

[0115] In the above embodiments, the winding needle 31 can also be driven to rotate by the power component throughout the entire process. However, during the process of the driving component 2 driving the winding body 50 to complete the remaining winding, the driving component 2 is the main power source, and the power component is only an auxiliary power source. The power component drives the winding needle 31 to rotate, so that the winding needle 31 and the winding body 50 basically maintain the same speed of rotation, thereby reducing the resistance generated by the winding needle 31 on the winding body 50.

[0116] The technical solution provided in this application changes the mode in related winding processes that relies on winding needles to complete the entire winding process, shifting the application of driving force from the inside of the winding body to its peripheral region. Since the driving torque is no longer transmitted to the inner ring through the winding needles, the compressive stress borne by the inner ring electrode layer during winding is significantly reduced. Simultaneously, after the outer periphery becomes dominant, the conveying mechanism 1 can correspondingly reduce the applied tension level, allowing the wound portion to gradually escape the continuous tension state and enter a relatively relaxed, low-stress environment. In this mode, the interlayer gap between the inner ring anode and cathode is compressed, and the porosity is relatively increased, which helps improve the uniformity of electrolyte wetting within the electrode assembly and provides a certain buffer space for the volume expansion of the electrode material during charge-discharge cycles. This structural feature also mitigates, to some extent, the risks of collapse, excessively high local current density, or structural deformation that may be caused by excessive compression of the inner ring, thus improving the cycle performance and safety of the electrode assembly.

[0117] In some embodiments, the winding equipment is also equipped with a winding body diameter consistency control function. This function uses sensors placed in the winding body area to acquire in real time the number of turns, rotation angle, cumulative winding length, and current diameter parameters of the winding body 50 during the winding process, and compares the measured data with the preset reference parameters of the target electrode assembly at the corresponding winding stage. Based on the comparison results, the control system, combined with the winding body diameter control model algorithm, dynamically adjusts the applied pressure, rotation speed, and other operating parameters of each main drive roller, driven roller, or torque control roller in the drive assembly to correct the winding diameter deviation and achieve the consistency of the winding body diameter.

[0118] This application also provides a winding method for winding and generating electrode assembly 103, which includes the following steps:

[0119] The first electrode 10a, the second electrode 10b, the first diaphragm 20a and the second diaphragm 20b are provided by the conveying mechanism 1;

[0120] Guide the first electrode 10a, the second electrode 10b, the first diaphragm 20a and the second diaphragm 20b to the outer periphery of the coil needle 31;

[0121] The drive assembly 2 applies a rotational driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the stacked structure formed by the first electrode 10a, the second electrode 10b, the first diaphragm 20a and the second diaphragm 20b, so as to drive the stacked structure to rotate around the winding needle 31 and form a winding body 50.

[0122] The drive assembly 2 continues to apply rotational driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the winding body 50, so that the winding body 50 continues to be wound to form the electrode assembly 103.

[0123] In the above embodiments, the driving component 2 is configured to apply a driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the winding body 50 to rotate it, and cooperates with the conveying mechanism 1 to make the winding body 50 escape from the tension of the conveying mechanism 1. This allows the portion of the electrode sheet that has been wound onto the winding body to escape the continuous tension from the conveying end and be in a low-stress or tension-free state. This alleviates the problem of continuous compression of the gap between the inner ring layers as the number of winding layers increases, thereby alleviating technical defects such as poor electrolyte wetting in the inner ring and limited expansion space. This improves the stress distribution inside the electrode assembly and enhances the cycle life, rate performance, and safety of the electrode assembly.

[0124] In some embodiments, during the process of driving the stacked structure to rotate around the winding needle 31 to form the winding body 50 and applying a rotational driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the winding body 50 to make the winding body 50 continue to be wound to form the electrode assembly 103, the rotation of the winding needle 31 is assisted by a power component.

[0125] In the above embodiment, the winding needle 31 can be driven to rotate by the power component throughout the entire process. However, during the process of the driving component 2 driving the winding body 50 to wind, the driving component 2 is the main driving source and the power component is the auxiliary driving source. The power component only assists in driving the winding needle 31 to rotate, so that the winding needle 31 and the winding body 50 can rotate at basically the same speed, thereby reducing the resistance generated by the winding needle 31 on the winding body 50.

[0126] This application also provides a winding method for winding and generating electrode assembly 103, which includes the following steps:

[0127] The first electrode 10a, the second electrode 10b, the first diaphragm 20a and the second diaphragm 20b are provided by the conveying mechanism 1;

[0128] The winding needle 31 is driven to rotate by a power component, so that the first electrode 10a, the second electrode 10b, the first diaphragm 20a and the second diaphragm 20b rotate around the winding needle 31 to complete the initial winding and form the winding body 50.

[0129] After the initial winding is completed, the drive assembly 2 applies a rotational driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the winding body 50, driving the winding body 50 to rotate and complete the remaining winding, thereby forming the electrode assembly 103.

[0130] In the above embodiments, during the initial winding stage, the winding needle 31 is driven by the power component to rotate actively, directly driving the electrode sheet and the diaphragm to wind. This helps to control the alignment, tightness of the first turn, and interlayer position, avoiding slippage or misalignment caused by insufficient external driving friction. After the initial winding is completed, the drive component 2 applies a rotational driving force from the outer periphery of the winding body 50, so that the point of application of the driving force is far away from the center of the winding needle. This helps to reduce the electrode sheet conveying tension in the subsequent stage, allowing the wound part to gradually get out of the continuous stretching state. This helps to reduce the torque on the inner ring and reduce the problem of excessively small gaps between the inner ring electrodes.

[0131] In some embodiments, the end of the initial winding stage is based on at least one state parameter in the winding process reaching a preset condition, the state parameter including any one of the number of winding turns, the length of the wound electrode, or the outer diameter of the winding body.

[0132] In the above embodiments, the end of the initial winding stage is automatically determined based on whether the actual winding state (such as the number of winding turns, electrode length, or outer diameter of the winding body) meets preset conditions. This ensures that the system switches to the external drive-dominated mode at the appropriate time when the structure is stable and the interlayer bonding is reliable, avoiding slippage due to premature switching or excessively small gaps between inner electrode sheets due to late switching. Furthermore, different electrode assembly models correspond to different electrode widths, thicknesses, or target diameters. If a fixed number of turns is used for switching, it is difficult to meet the needs of various products. This application, through a multi-parameter selectable judgment mechanism, can adapt to the winding characteristics of different specifications of electrode assemblies, significantly improving equipment versatility and batch consistency.

[0133] Optionally, the state parameter can be the number of winding turns. If the number of winding turns reaches at least one turn, for example, 2 to 8 turns, the state parameter can be considered to have met the preset condition, and the initial winding stage ends. Alternatively, the state parameter can be the outer diameter of the winding body. For example, when the outer diameter of the winding body reaches at least 50% of the final outer diameter of the target electrode assembly 103, the state parameter can be considered to have met the preset condition, and the initial winding stage ends.

[0134] In some embodiments, during the process of applying a rotational driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the winding body 50 through the driving component 2 to drive the winding body 50 to rotate, complete the remaining winding, and thereby form the electrode assembly 103, the winding needle 31 is driven to rotate by a power component.

[0135] In the above embodiment, the winding needle 31 can be driven to rotate by the power component throughout the entire process. However, during the process of the driving component 2 driving the winding body 50 to complete the remaining winding, the driving component 2 is the main driving source and the power component is the auxiliary driving source. The power component only assists in driving the winding needle 31 to rotate, so that the winding needle 31 and the winding body 50 basically maintain the same speed of rotation, thereby reducing the resistance generated by the winding needle 31 on the winding body 50.

[0136] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 5 to 10This describes some specific embodiments of an electrode assembly winding device.

[0137] The electrode assembly winding equipment includes a conveying mechanism 1, a driving assembly 2, and a winding mechanism 3 (including a winding needle 31).

[0138] refer to Figure 10 The conveying mechanism 1 includes two electrode conveying mechanisms 11, one of which is used to convey the first electrode 10a and the other is used to convey the second electrode 10b. The electrode conveying mechanism 11 includes an electrode unwinding mechanism 30, an electrode tension buffer mechanism 60, an electrode main drive mechanism 70, and a guide roller and over-roller mechanism to achieve stable conveying of the electrode from the coil state to the winding inlet.

[0139] The electrode unwinding mechanism 30 includes a spool clamping assembly and a braking assembly. The spool clamping assembly is configured to support and fix the electrode roll while controlling its rotational freedom. The spool clamping assembly is used for the installation and removal of the roll, and the braking assembly adjusts the unwinding resistance to coordinate with the subsequent electrode tension buffer mechanism 60 to achieve coordinated control of the unwinding speed.

[0140] The electrode tension buffer mechanism 60 includes an electrode tension sensor and a tension adjustment component. The tension sensor and tension adjustment component are set at preset positions on the electrode conveying path to detect and adjust the tension of the electrode corresponding to the unwinding position in real time, thereby reducing the material line deviation caused by electrode slack.

[0141] The guide roller and guide roller mechanism includes multiple guide rollers and correction rollers arranged around the electrode unwinding area. After the electrode is led out from the unwinding shaft, it extends towards the winding mechanism via the conveying path formed by this set of rollers. The guide rollers are used to guide the direction of travel of the electrode and maintain its trajectory stability; they are also equipped with position correction and tension compensation functions, so that the corresponding electrode can smoothly and easily move from the unwinding position to the winding position to complete the winding.

[0142] The conveying mechanism 1 also includes two diaphragm conveying mechanisms 12, one of which is used to convey the first diaphragm 20a and the other is used to convey the second diaphragm 20b. The diaphragm conveying mechanism 12 includes a diaphragm unwinding mechanism 40, a diaphragm tension buffer mechanism 80, and a guide roller and over-roll mechanism, which are used to achieve stable conveying of the diaphragm from the roll state to the winding area.

[0143] The diaphragm unwinding mechanism 40 includes a roll clamping assembly and a rotation braking assembly. The roll clamping assembly is configured to support and fix the diaphragm roll while controlling its rotation. The roll clamping assembly supports the installation and replacement of the roll, and the braking assembly adjusts the unwinding resistance to dynamically adjust the unwinding speed in conjunction with the diaphragm tension buffer mechanism 80.

[0144] The diaphragm tension buffer mechanism 80 includes a diaphragm tension sensor and a diaphragm tension adjustment component. The diaphragm tension sensor and the diaphragm tension adjustment component are set at preset positions on the diaphragm conveying path to detect and adjust the tension of the diaphragm at the unwinding position in real time, thereby reducing material line deviation caused by diaphragm slack.

[0145] The guide roller and over-roll mechanism includes multiple guide rollers arranged in the diaphragm unwinding path. These rollers are used to guide the movement trajectory of the diaphragm and can integrate a correction function to ensure that the diaphragm can smoothly and easily move from the unwinding position to the winding position to complete the winding.

[0146] Driver component 2 can adopt, for example Figure 6 The single-roller external drive mechanism shown can also be adopted as follows: Figure 7 The double-roller external drive mechanism shown can also be adopted as follows: Figure 8 The three-roller external drive mechanism shown can also be adopted as follows: Figure 9 The transmission belt external drive mechanism shown.

[0147] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 The multi-roller external drive mechanism shown can have at least one external drive roller 211 serving as a main drive roller and at least one external drive roller 211 serving as an auxiliary roller or torque roller. The main drive roller presses against the outer surface of the winding body 50, and the torque roller presses against the outer surface of the winding body 50. The main drive roller or torque roller rotates, driving the winding body 50 to wind through the frictional force generated with the surface of the winding body 50. The main drive roller or torque roller can drive the winding body 50 to wind throughout the entire process; alternatively, the winding needle 31 can initially drive the winding body 50 to wind a certain number of turns, and then the frictional force generated between the main drive roller or torque roller and the surface of the winding body 50 can drive the winding body 50 to wind subsequent turns.

[0148] The drive assembly 2 contacts the surface of the winding body 50 through multiple independently driven external drive rollers 211 and drives the winding body 50 to rotate by friction, thereby realizing the winding of the first electrode 10a, the second electrode 10b, the first diaphragm 20a and the second diaphragm 20b to form a bare electrode assembly.

[0149] The drive assembly 2 also includes a pressure sensing mechanism, a roller support, and a drive motor.

[0150] The pressure sensing mechanism includes pressure sensors and pressure regulating components, which are used to detect the pressure exerted on the winding body by the outer drive roller during winding in real time, and control the pressure according to the algorithm.

[0151] Roller supports are used to support the external drive rollers, control the pressure and angle of action of the external drive rollers, and balance the interaction forces between the various external drive rollers.

[0152] The drive motor provides power to the outer drive roller, and the rotational speed is precisely controlled by an encoder and CNC algorithm.

[0153] The drive assembly 2 also includes an outer drive roller, which is configured to drive radial movement to adjust its contact state with the outer circumferential surface of the winding body 50. The outer drive roller can be driven by a motor or pneumatically to achieve power output. By pushing the outer drive roller closer to or away from the winding body, effective normal pressure is established and maintained, thereby ensuring the stability of the frictional driving force at different winding diameter stages. The drive assembly 2 also mainly includes a push rod assembly and an outer drive roller pressure sensor, etc.

[0154] The push rod assembly is used to realize the telescopic movement of the outer drive roller along a predetermined trajectory. It is preferably a linear guide structure to ensure that the outer drive roller maintains a stable posture during feeding. The control system can dynamically adjust the position of the push rod assembly based on the contact force data fed back in real time by the pressure sensor, thereby controlling the force applied by the outer drive roller to the wound body.

[0155] A diameter detection component is located in the winding area to monitor the diameter change of the wound body 50 in real time during the winding process. The detection signal can be used for multi-dimensional control of the winding process, such as as an input parameter for the tension control mechanism to dynamically adjust the electrode conveying speed; or as a reference for the peripheral drive component to optimize the speed of the outer drive roller, pressure setpoint, and intervention timing.

[0156] The external drive roller pressure sensor includes pressure sensors and signal processing modules distributed on each external drive roller, used to detect the actual force at the contact interface between the external drive roller and the winding body. Since the driving force in the peripheral drive mode depends entirely on interface friction, the pressure control accuracy directly affects the winding stability and diameter consistency. Therefore, by working collaboratively with the external drive roller pressure sensor, push rod assembly, and diameter detection assembly, a multi-parameter fusion closed-loop control network is formed, further improving the intelligence level of the winding process and the stability of the forming quality.

[0157] The winding needle 31 is a key component of the winding mechanism for forming the electrode assembly, responsible for the initiation and pre-winding of the diaphragm. During the winding process, it can work closely with the power unit to assist in the initiation, pre-winding, or partial winding of the winding body 50.

[0158] The technical terms used in this application are referenced below:

[0159] Interlayer gap: In a wound body, the difference between the distance between adjacent first and second electrodes and the thickness of the diaphragm. This parameter has an important impact on electrolyte wetting, ion transport, mechanical stress and safety.

[0160] The inner ring gap is the average of approximately five ring gaps within the electrode assembly.

[0161] The outer ring gap is the average value of approximately five ring gaps outside the electrode assembly.

[0162] Some embodiments of this application also provide a battery including an electrode assembly, which is fabricated using the winding equipment described above.

[0163] In the above embodiments, the battery includes an electrode assembly prepared using the above-described winding equipment, and accordingly possesses the beneficial effects of an electrode assembly.

[0164] Optionally, the electrode assembly includes a cylindrical electrode assembly.

[0165] Some embodiments of this application also provide an electrical device that includes the battery described above.

[0166] In the above embodiments, the electrical device includes a battery, and the battery includes an electrode assembly prepared using the above-described winding equipment. Therefore, the electrical device accordingly possesses the beneficial effects of the electrode assembly.

[0167] Based on the various embodiments of this application described above, in the absence of explicit denial or conflict, the technical features of one embodiment may be advantageously combined with one or more other embodiments.

[0168] Although this application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made thereto and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of this application. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner, provided there is no structural conflict. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A winding apparatus for producing electrode assemblies (103), characterized in that, include: The conveying mechanism (1) is used to provide the first electrode (10a), the second electrode (10b), the first diaphragm (20a) and the second diaphragm (20b). The winding mechanism (3) includes a winding needle (31) and a power member. The winding needle (31) is configured to wind the first electrode (10a), the second electrode (10b), the first diaphragm (20a), and the second diaphragm (20b) around its outer periphery. The power member is driven and connected to the winding needle (31). The power member is configured to drive the winding needle (31) to rotate so that the winding needle (31) drives the first electrode (10a), the second electrode (10b), the first diaphragm (20a), and the second diaphragm (20b) to complete the initial winding and form a winding body (50). The drive assembly (2) is configured to drive the winding body (50) to rotate after the initial winding is completed, to complete the remaining winding, and to apply a driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the winding body (50) to rotate it during the winding process; the drive assembly (2) is configured to contact the outer peripheral surface of the winding body (50) and drive the winding body (50) to rotate by friction; the drive assembly (2) includes a second drive assembly (22), the second drive assembly (22) including: a transmission belt (221) covering part of the outer peripheral surface of the winding body (50), the transmission belt (221) being configured to rotate and apply pressure to the winding body (50) to transmit driving torque to the winding body (50) by interfacial friction; The winding body (50) forms the electrode assembly (103) after the winding is completed.

2. The winding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly (2) is configured to apply pressure to the outer peripheral surface of the winding body (50) to form a tension isolation interface, thereby detaching the winding body (50) from the tension of the conveying mechanism (1).

3. The winding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving component (2) includes a first driving component (21), which includes: At least one external drive roller (211) is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the winding body (50), the external drive roller (211) being configured to rotate and apply pressure to the winding body (50) to transmit drive torque to the winding body (50) through interfacial friction.

4. The winding equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least one of the at least one external drive roller (211) is a main drive roller.

5. The winding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second driving component (22) also includes: Two drive rollers (222), the drive belt (221) is wound around the outer periphery of the two drive rollers (222) in a closed loop, and at least one of the two drive rollers (222) is a main drive roller.

6. The winding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The winding device further includes a controller electrically connected to the drive assembly (2), the controller being configured to control the contact pressure of the drive assembly (2) on the winding body (50) according to the winding state parameters of the winding body (50) in order to adjust the rotational speed of the winding body (50); The winding state parameters include: number of winding turns, length of the wound electrode, or winding angle.

7. The winding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The power unit is also configured to assist in driving the winding needle (31) to rotate during the process of the drive assembly (2) driving the winding body (50) to complete the remaining winding.

8. A winding method for a winding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, for winding to generate an electrode assembly (103), characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The first electrode (10a), the second electrode (10b), the first diaphragm (20a) and the second diaphragm (20b) are provided by the conveying mechanism (1). The winding needle (31) is driven to rotate by a power component, thereby causing the first electrode (10a), the second electrode (10b), the first diaphragm (20a) and the second diaphragm (20b) to rotate around the winding needle (31) to complete the initial winding and form a winding body (50). After the initial winding is completed, a rotational driving force is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the winding body (50) by the driving component (2) to drive the winding body (50) to rotate, complete the remaining winding, and thus form the electrode assembly (103).

9. The winding method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The end of the initial winding stage is based on at least one state parameter in the winding process reaching a preset condition. The state parameter includes any one of the following: number of winding turns, length of wound electrode sheet, or outer diameter of the winding body.

10. The winding method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, During the process of applying a rotational driving force to the outer peripheral surface of the winding body (50) through the driving component (2) to drive the winding body (50) to rotate, complete the remaining winding, and thus form the electrode assembly (103), the winding needle (31) is driven to rotate by the power component.

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