Wireless communication method and wireless communication equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a wireless communication method and wireless communication equipment. The wireless communication method is executed on a reader-writer and comprises the steps of sending information, and determining whether a cyclic redundancy check code (CRC) is added to the information or not according to a predefined rule. The information is first information, the first information comprises class paging information and / or information for selecting equipment, and the class paging information is used for selecting equipment needing to be checked or grouping the equipment.

Description

Wireless communication methods and wireless communication devices Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, specifically to a wireless communication method and a wireless communication device. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, there is no clear definition of how to use Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) codes when sending and / or receiving information for Ambient Internet of Things (AIOT) devices / tags and / or readers. Further research and discussion of CRC-related technical solutions are crucial considerations. Therefore, a wireless communication method and device are needed to address the problems and other issues in existing technologies.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a wireless communication method and a wireless communication device.

[0005] This application provides a wireless communication method executed in a reader / writer, comprising: sending information and determining whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to the information according to predefined rules.

[0006] The above technical solution determines whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to the information based on predefined rules. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0007] This application provides a wireless communication method, executed in a device, comprising: sending information and determining whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to the information according to predefined rules.

[0008] The above technical solution determines whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to the information based on predefined rules. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0009] This application provides a wireless communication method, comprising: when a device carries a device-to-reader (D2R) signal to a reader on a physical device-to-reader channel (PDRCH), indicating the CRC of the device-to-reader (D2R) signal through reader-to-device (R2D) signaling carried on the physical device-to-reader channel (PRDCH).

[0010] The above technical solution uses R2D signaling carried by PRDCH to indicate the CRC of D2R signals. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0011] This application provides a wireless communication method, executed in a device, comprising: determining whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to information according to predefined rules, wherein the length of the CRC and the service type are related to the length of the random number sent by the device. Examples include inventory services, sensing services, activation / deactivation services, location services, command services, or conflict resolution services.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, the length of the CRC and the service type are related to the length of the random number sent by the device. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0013] This application provides a wireless communication method, executed in a device, comprising: when the device repeatedly transmits a first response information or a second response information within a predefined / indicated time window, the device determines to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) after the first response information or the second response information, wherein the length of the CRC is related to the length of the first response information or the length of the second response information, and the length of the CRC is greater than or equal to the length of the CRC carried in the previous transmission of the first response information or the second response information.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, the length of the CRC is related to the length of the first response information or the length of the second response information. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0015] This application provides a wireless communication method, executed in a device, comprising: determining whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to information according to a predefined rule, wherein the length of the CRC is related to the backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resources.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the length of the CRC is related to the backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resources. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0017] This application provides a wireless communication method, executed in a device, comprising: determining whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to information according to predefined rules, wherein the use of the CRC is related to the device type and the Sampling Frequency Offset (SFO).

[0018] Through the above technical solution, the use of CRC is related to the device type and the sampling frequency offset (SFO). This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0019] This application provides a wireless communication method, executed in a device, comprising: determining whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to information according to predefined rules, wherein the use of the CRC is related to Cyclic Prefix (CP) processing.

[0020] The above technical solution involves the use of CRC related to cyclic prefix (CP) processing. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0021] This application provides a wireless communication method, comprising: sending or receiving information based on the value of a random number and conditions, wherein the conditions of the random number include at least one of the following: a first service, for sending information during random access; a second service, for sending information during a positive response; or a third service, for resolving conflicts using a random number.

[0022] The above technical solution sends or receives information based on the value and conditions of a random number. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0023] This application provides a wireless communication method, executed in a device, comprising: sending a repeating signaling to a reader when a first condition is met, wherein the first condition includes not receiving information sent by the reader based on response information.

[0024] The above technical solution sends a repeat signaling message to the reader when the first condition is met. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0025] This application provides a wireless communication method executed in a reader / writer, comprising: when a second condition is met, the reader / writer triggers a device to send a repeated signaling message, wherein the second condition includes the reader / writer not receiving the signaling message sent by the device.

[0026] Through the above technical solution, when the second condition is met, the reader triggers the device to send a repeat signaling message. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0027] This application provides a wireless communication method, including: receiving or sending an indication of a backscatter link frequency / Device to Reader (D2R) frequency resource, wherein the indication of the backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resource is a predefined table, a first indication, or a second indication, wherein the first indication is an explicit indication, and the second indication is an implicit indication.

[0028] The above technical solution enables the reception or transmission of backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resource indications. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0029] This application provides a wireless communication method executed in a reader / writer, comprising: for a first device and / or a second device, the reader / writer sends a first signal for estimating the sampling frequency offset (SFO) / time offset (TO) of the first device and / or the second device, and receives a second signal sent by the first device and / or the second device based on the first signal, wherein the second signal is obtained based on the first signal, and the first signal is used to indicate the time-frequency resources and modulation / coding method of the second signal.

[0030] Through the above technical solution, the reader sends a first signal for estimating the SFO / TO of the first device and / or the second device. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0031] This application provides a wireless communication method, executed by a reader / writer, comprising: sending a first signal to a third device, the first signal being used to instruct the third device to measure the first signal and report the measurement of sampling frequency offset (SFO) / time offset (TO).

[0032] Through the above technical solution, the reader sends a first signal, which instructs the third device to measure the first signal and report the SFO / TO measurement. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0033] This application provides a wireless communication method, executed in a device, comprising: if the device removes a cyclic prefix (CP) and adds a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code after the CP, then the device determines the CRC based on the determined CP position and demodulates the CRC.

[0034] Through the above technical solution, the device determines the CRC based on the determined CP position and demodulates the CRC. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0035] This application provides a wireless communication method, executed in a device, comprising: if the device does not remove the Cyclic Prefix (CP), does not consider the Sampling Frequency Offset (SFO), or the SFO is compensated, then: the length of the New Radio (NR) symbol = M * the length of a slice, wherein the CP length occupies the length of the first or last slice within the NR symbol; or the length of the NR symbol = M * the length of a slice + the CP length, wherein after adding the CP, all slices within the symbol have the same length.

[0036] The above technical solutions improve system reliability and reduce the probability of collisions during device access.

[0037] This application provides a wireless communication method, executed in a device, comprising: if the device does not remove the cyclic prefix (CP), and considering the sampling frequency offset (SFO), then: the length of the New Radio (NR) symbol = M * (the length of a slice + the time offset (TO)), wherein the CP length occupies the length of the first or last slice within the NR symbol; or the length of the NR symbol = M * (the length of a slice + TO) + the CP length, wherein after adding the CP, all slices within the symbol have equal lengths; or the length of the NR symbol = M * (the length of a slice) + TO; or the length of the NR symbol = M * (the length of a slice) + the CP length + TO.

[0038] The above technical solutions improve system reliability and reduce the probability of collisions during device access.

[0039] This application provides a wireless communication device, including a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor calls and runs the computer program stored in the memory to perform the aforementioned wireless communication method.

[0040] The Ambient Internet of Things (AIOT) device provided in this application includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores computer programs, and the processor calls and runs the computer programs stored in the memory to perform the aforementioned wireless communication method.

[0041] The reader / writer provided in this application includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor calls and runs the computer program stored in the memory to perform the aforementioned wireless communication method.

[0042] The user equipment provided in this application includes a processor and a memory. The memory is used to store computer programs, and the processor is used to call and run the computer programs stored in the memory to perform the aforementioned wireless communication method.

[0043] The base station provided in this application includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor calls and runs the computer program stored in the memory to perform the aforementioned wireless communication method.

[0044] The network element provided in this application embodiment includes a processor and a memory. The memory is used to store computer programs, and the processor is used to call and run the computer programs stored in the memory to perform the aforementioned wireless communication method.

[0045] The chip provided in this application embodiment is used to implement the above-described wireless communication method.

[0046] Specifically, the chip includes a processor for retrieving and running a computer program from a memory, causing a device equipped with the chip to perform the aforementioned wireless communication method.

[0047] The computer-readable storage medium provided in this application embodiment is used to store a computer program that causes a computer to perform the above-described wireless communication method.

[0048] The computer program product provided in this application includes computer program instructions that cause a computer to perform the above-described wireless communication method.

[0049] The computer program provided in this application embodiment, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the above-described method for wireless communication.

[0050] The above technical solutions determine whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to the information according to predefined rules. The CRC of the D2R signal is indicated through R2D signaling carried by the PRDCH. The length of the CRC is related to the service type and the length of the random number sent by the device. The length of the CRC is related to the length of the first or second response information. The length of the CRC is related to the backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resources. The use of the CRC is related to the device type and sampling frequency offset (SFO). The use of the CRC is related to cyclic prefix (CP) processing. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access. Attached Figure Description

[0051] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0052] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 1C is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 1D is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication system architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 1E is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 2A is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 2B is a schematic diagram of the signals provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 3A is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 3B is a schematic diagram of the signals provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 5A is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 5B is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 6A is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 6B is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 6C is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 6D is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 6E is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0069] Figure 7A is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0070] Figure 7B is a schematic diagram of the information provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0071] Figure 7C is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figure 8A is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0073] Figure 8B is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 8C is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0075] Figure 9A is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0076] Figure 9B is a schematic diagram of the length of the CP provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0077] Figure 9C is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0078] Figure 9D is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0079] Figure 9E is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0080] Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0081] Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of this application;

[0082] Figure 12 is a schematic block diagram of a wireless communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0083] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0084] The technical solutions of this application can be applied to various wireless communication systems, such as: Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems, 5G communication systems, or future wireless communication systems.

[0085] For example, the wireless communication system 100A used in this application embodiment is shown in FIG1A. The wireless communication system 100A may include a first communication device 110, which may be a device communicating with a second communication device (base station 130). The first communication device 110 is an environmental Internet of Things (AIOT) device. The second communication device may be a reader / writer. Optionally, the reader / writer may be a base station 130. Optionally, the base station 130 may be an evolved Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, or the base station 130 may be a mobile switching center, relay station, access point, vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable device, hub, switch, bridge, router, network equipment in a 5G network, or a base station in a future communication system, etc. In the first topology of the AIOT system shown in FIG1A, the second communication device (base station 130) is directly connected to the first communication device 110 (AIOT device), and the carrier CW and downlink control information are sent by the second communication device (base station 130), or the carrier CW is sent by a third-party node. The backscattered signal is received by the same second communication device (base station 130), which must have full-duplex capability.

[0086] For example, the wireless communication system 100B used in this application embodiment is shown in FIG1B. This wireless communication system 100B may include a first communication device 110 (AIOT device), a base station 130, and an intermediate node 140. In the second topology of the AIOT system shown in FIG1B, the intermediate node 140 is directly connected to the first communication device 110 (AIOT device). The carrier wave (CW) and downlink control information are transmitted by the intermediate node 140, or the CW is transmitted by a third-party node. The backscatter signal is received by the same intermediate node 140. The base station 130 and the intermediate node 140 are connected via a Uu interface. The intermediate node 140 may be a relay, an IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul) node, a UE, a repeater, etc.

[0087] For example, the wireless communication system 100C used in this application embodiment is shown in FIG1C. This wireless communication system 100C may include a first communication device 110 (AIOT device), a base station 130, and an intermediate node 140. In the third topology of the AIOT system shown in FIG1C, the CW or downlink control information of the first communication device 110 (AIOT device) is provided by the intermediate node 140, or the CW is provided by the third node; the uplink signal of the first communication device 110 (AIOT device) is sent to the base station 130. The base station 130 and the intermediate node 140 are connected via a Uu port. The intermediate node 140 may be a relay, an IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul) node, a UE, a repeater, etc. In the third topology of the AIoT system shown in Figure 1C, the CW or downlink control information of the first communication device 110 (AIOT device) is provided by the base station 130, or the CW is provided by the third node; the uplink signal of the first communication device 110 (AIOT device) is sent to the intermediate node 140. The base station 130 and the intermediate node 140 are connected via a Uu interface. The intermediate node 140 can be a relay, an IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul) node, a UE, a repeater, etc.

[0088] For example, the wireless communication system 100D used in this application embodiment is shown in FIG1D. The wireless communication system 100D may include a first communication device 110, which may be a device communicating with a second communication device (user equipment 120). The first communication device 110 is an environmental Internet of Things (AIOT) device. The second communication device may be a reader / writer. Optionally, the reader / writer may be the user equipment 120. In the fourth topology of the AIOT system shown in FIG1D, the second communication device (user equipment 120) is directly connected to the first communication device 110 (AIOT device) for uplink and downlink communication.

[0089] The term "user equipment" as used herein includes, but is not limited to, connections via wired lines, such as via Public Switched Telephone Networks (PSTN), Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), digital cable, direct cable connections; and / or other data connections / networks; and / or via wireless interfaces, such as for cellular networks, Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), digital television networks such as DVB-H networks, satellite networks, AM-FM broadcast transmitters; and / or devices configured to receive / transmit communication signals for another user equipment; and / or Internet of Things (IoT) devices. User equipment configured to communicate via a wireless interface may be referred to as a "wireless secondary communication device," "wireless secondary communication device," or "mobile secondary communication device." Examples of mobile communication devices include, but are not limited to, satellite or cellular phones; second communication devices that can combine cellular radiotelephony with data processing, fax, and data communication capabilities of a Personal Communications System (PCS); PDAs that may include radiotelephones, pagers, Internet / intranet access, web browsers, notebooks, calendars, and / or Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers; and conventional laptop and / or handheld receivers or other electronic devices that include radiotelephone transceivers. User equipment can refer to access to a second communication device, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote user equipment, mobile device, wireless communication equipment, or user agent. Access communication devices can be cellular phones, cordless phones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, Wireless Local Loop (WLL) stations, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, user equipment in 5G networks, or user equipment in future PLMNs, etc.

[0090] Some embodiments of this application relate to technologies related to signal and channel design for the Internet of Things (IoT) in the environment. Some embodiments of this application are applicable to systems such as NR, 6G, WiFi, and RFID.

[0091] In some embodiments of this application, whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to the information is determined according to predefined rules. In some embodiments of this application, the CRC of the D2R signal is indicated through R2D signaling carried by the PRDCH. In some embodiments of this application, the length of the CRC and the service type are related to the length of the random number sent by the device. In some embodiments of this application, the length of the CRC is related to the length of the first response information or the length of the second response information. In some embodiments of this application, the length of the CRC is related to the backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resources. In some embodiments of this application, the use of the CRC is related to the device type and the sampling frequency offset (SFO). In some embodiments of this application, the use of the CRC is related to Cyclic Prefix (CP) processing. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0092] Optionally, communication devices can perform Device to Device (D2D) communication.

[0093] Alternatively, 5G communication systems or 5G networks may also be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems or NR networks.

[0094] The wireless communication system 100 also includes a base station 130. Optionally, the base station 130 may be an evolved Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, or the base station 130 may be a mobile switching center, relay station, access point, vehicle-mounted equipment, wearable device, hub, switch, bridge, router, network equipment in a 5G network, or a base station in a future communication system.

[0095] Optionally, the wireless communication system may also include other network entities such as a network controller, a mobility management entity, and network elements; this application embodiment does not limit this. For example, a base station may include other network entities such as a network controller, a mobility management entity, and network elements; this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0096] It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably in this document. The term "and / or" in this document merely describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. In some embodiments, the term "configuration" can refer to "pre-configuration" and "network configuration." The terms "definition" or "pre-defined" in the embodiments of this application can be implemented by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, or other information indicative indices in the device (e.g., including UE and network devices). This application does not limit specific implementations. For example, "definition" or "pre-defined" can refer to those defined in a protocol. It should also be understood that "protocol" in this invention can refer to standard protocols in the field of communications, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) protocols, New Radio (NR) protocols, and related protocols used in future communication systems. This application does not limit this.

[0097] Some of the main technical problems solved by embodiments of this application include:

[0098] This solution addresses the issues related to CRC additional conditions, CRC length, and a series of related problems when carrying signaling on PRDCH or PDRCH.

[0099] 1. Technical Issue 1: CRC Selection and Conditions: Whether it's RFID, LTE, or NR, different signaling and transmission processes will use CRCs of different lengths. Due to the power consumption and complexity of the equipment, its CRC design will differ from LTE / NR. According to the newly defined PRDCH and PDRCH, the selection of CRC and the conditions for selection under different modulation (coding), different ON-OFF waveforms, and different signaling must be considered.

[0100] 2. Technical Issue 2: PDRCH CRC Indication: In traditional NR, the CRC is predefined, or it is transmitted uplink after the network side instructs the UE. However, for devices 1 and 2a, the D2R signal carried on the PDRCH is transmitted via backscatter, and the definition or indication rules for its CRC transmission need to be redefined.

[0101] 3. Technical Issue 3: CRC Scrambling: PRDCH and PDRCH Generation. The Downlink Control Information (DCI) of the NR (Radio Network Temporary Identifier) ​​needs to be scrambled with a CRC (CRC) to protect the reliability of DCI transmission. However, in ambient IoT systems, whether CRC scrambling is necessary, under what conditions CRC scrambling is required, and what the temporary identifier for scrambling should be, require further discussion and protection.

[0102] 4. Technical Issue 4: CRC and Device ID: In Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), when a device reports to the Evolved Packet Core (EPC), the EPC length includes a 16-bit CRC. In inventory operations, if the paging-like command includes a group ID or device ID, then the group ID or device ID may need to have a CRC added, but the rules for this are not yet determined. Furthermore, if in inventory operations, the reader / writer requires the device to report its device ID, then how to consider the CRC for the device ID also needs to be defined.

[0103] 5. Technical Issue 5: CRC Design Scheme for the Pseudo-random Number in Message 2 (Msg 2): If Msg 2 is a random number in PDRCH (similar to RN16 in RFID): 1) How to determine the number of bits in the pseudo-random number? Is it still 16 bits? 2) How to determine the number of bits in the CRC for pseudo-random numbers with different bit counts, and how to define its rules?

[0104] 6. Technical Issue 6: CRC Design for Repeated D2R Signals: In RFID protocols, the reliability of access can be effectively improved through repeated processing. However, for cellular systems, 1) the conditions and processes for repetition need to be redefined; 2) how is the CRC determined during repetition?

[0105] 7. Technical Issue 7: Backscatter Link Frequency and CRC Adaptation Design: Currently, the indication of the backscatter link frequency (BLF) of PDRCH is not clearly defined. It can be an explicit indication or an implicit indication via a preamble or sequence, similar to RFID. Therefore, the following needs to be considered: 1) How to indicate the backscatter link frequency; 2) The adaptation design of the backscatter link frequency and CRC.

[0106] 8. Technical Issue 8: CRC Design in the Presence of SFO: Due to limitations in the device's hardware capabilities, when the device demodulates or transmits signals or signaling carried by the PDRCH, the presence of SFO will affect CRC verification or transmission. Therefore, it is necessary to consider 1) how to reduce or compensate for SFO; and 2) how to adapt the CRC design when SFO exists.

[0107] 9. Technical Issue 9: The Impact of CP Handling on CRC. Within NR symbols, the presence of CP may affect the CRC design. The following needs to be considered: 1) CP handling; 2) How to adapt the CRC design when CP is present.

[0108] 10. Technical Issue 10: The impact of D2R convolutional codes on CRC.

[0109] 11. Technical Issue 11: Impact of Power Level on CRC: The transmit power levels on the reader side and the device side are not yet defined. Define the transmit power level on the device side and consider the impact of different transmit power levels on CRC.

[0110] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, some embodiments of this application solve the above-mentioned technical problems:

[0111] As shown in Figure 1E, an ambient IoT signal design method is described. A reader sends first information based on a first condition, wherein the first condition is related to SFO, device ID, scrambling method, etc., and the first information is appended with CRC according to the first condition. A device receives the first information and sends first response information based on a second condition, wherein the second condition is related to backscatter link frequency, pseudo-random number length, scrambling method, indication method, etc., and the first response information is appended with CRC according to the second condition.

[0112] The technical advantage of some embodiments of this application is that by defining the first condition and the second condition, and giving the CRC constraint rules, the reliability of the system is improved and the probability of collision conflict during the device access process is reduced.

[0113] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the technical solutions related to the embodiments of this application are described below. The technical solutions of the first embodiment, second embodiment, third embodiment, fourth embodiment, fifth embodiment, sixth embodiment, seventh embodiment, eighth embodiment, ninth embodiment, tenth embodiment, and eleventh embodiment are listed below for description, but this application is not limited thereto.

[0114] First embodiment: CRC selection and selection conditions under different modulation (coding) schemes, different ON-OFF waveforms, and different signaling:

[0115] In some embodiments of this application, the solution of the first embodiment can be implemented in conjunction with the solutions of the second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and / or eleventh embodiments, or it can be implemented independently of the solutions of the second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh embodiments. In some embodiments of this application, the solutions of multiple embodiments can be implemented in combination or independently.

[0116] Figure 2A is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 2A, the wireless communication method is executed on a reader and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 201A: sending information; Operation 202A: determining whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to the information according to a predefined rule.

[0117] The above technical solution determines whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to the information based on predefined rules. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0118] In some embodiments, the information is first information, which includes paging information and / or device selection information, wherein the paging information is used to select devices to be inventoried or to group the devices. In some embodiments, the predefined rule is a first rule, which includes at least one of the following rules: adding the CRC when the number of devices selected for inventory or the number of devices grouped exceeds a threshold; adding the CRC according to the format of the first information; determining whether to add the CRC based on the bit rate, wherein the bit rate refers to the efficiency of linear encoding; determining whether to add the CRC based on the duty cycle, wherein the duty cycle of the first information represents the number of bits carrying the CRC; determining whether to add the CRC based on the data rate; determining whether to add the CRC based on the length of the first information; and determining whether to add the CRC based on the transport block size.

[0119] In some embodiments of this application, a wireless communication method, performed by a reader / writer, includes: transmitting an Xth signal and Xth information, wherein the Xth signal includes at least two single-tone signals, the single-tone signals being used for device modulation and carrying baseband signals; the at least two single-tone signals satisfy a first rule; the first rule is used to constrain the frequency interval between two adjacent single-tone signals; the Xth information includes at least a reverse link frequency / frequency offset for device baseband modulation, where X is a positive integer, and X is greater than or equal to 1.

[0120] In some embodiments of this application, the first rule includes at least one of the following: the frequency interval between two adjacent single-tone signals is equal to twice the reverse link frequency / frequency offset; or the frequency interval between two adjacent single-tone signals is greater than twice the reverse link frequency / frequency offset; wherein the frequency interval between two adjacent single-tone signals is related to the reverse link frequency / frequency offset used for device baseband modulation, related to SFO, and also related to the spectrum spread factor; the spectrum spread factor refers to the expansion of the device's baseband signal bandwidth when the device transmits the X+1th signal based on the Xth signal.

[0121] As shown in Figure 2B, in some embodiments of this application, the reader sends paging-like information to select devices to be inventoried or to group devices. This information determines whether to add a CRC checksum based on a first rule.

[0122] In some embodiments of this application, a CRC check is added when the number of devices to be selected or the number of groups to be formed exceeds a threshold. To ensure the reliability of device inventory or the validity of grouped devices, when sending paging information, if the network side knows the number of devices (groups) and the number exceeds a threshold (e.g., N), resulting in a high probability of subsequent collisions, a CRC check is added after the paging. The number of bits in the CRC check is related to the number of devices selected or the number of groups to be formed.

[0123] In some embodiments of this application, the paging format is as follows: for example, device 1 corresponds to format 1, with CRC added, which is a short to medium length CRC; device 2a corresponds to format 2, with CRC added, which is a medium length CRC; and device 2b corresponds to format 3, with CRC added, which is a long CRC.

[0124] In some embodiments of this application, the code rate determines whether a CRC is added. As shown in Table 1, when the code rate reaches a certain level, a CRC needs to be added after the paging class. Its length is determined by the code rate level. For example, at code rate level II, the CRC length is length 1 (e.g., 6 bits); at code rate level III, the CRC length is length 2 (e.g., 16 bits). The code rate refers to the efficiency of linear encoding, such as the number of Manchester-encoded information bits carried by an NR symbol when using Manchester encoding.

[0125] In some embodiments of this application, the code rate is the code rate before mapping encoding. In some embodiments of this application, the code rate is related to the encoding method, including Miller, FMO, Manchester, etc. In some embodiments of this application, the duty cycle determines whether a CRC is added. In some embodiments of this application, the length of the paging-like signal or TBS / CBS determines whether a CRC is added, and the length of the CRC.

[0126] Table 1: The bit rate determines whether CRC is added.

[0127] In some embodiments of this application, the reader sends first information, which includes information for random access, such as a Q value, and also includes a preamble or sequence, control information, etc. This information determines whether to add a CRC based on a second rule. The Q value is used as a random number for random access.

[0128] In some embodiments of this application, if the first information is information used for random access, such as a Q value, then the value is related to the size of the Q value. When the number of devices to be inventoried by the reader is large, such as 500 devices, the Q value is generally selected as 9. Since the length of the Q value is small, CRC may not be added, or a shorter CRC may be added, such as CRC-6. If the information used for random access is indication information, such as resource configuration information, then CRC needs to be added to improve reliability. The length of the CRC is determined according to the length of the indication information. For example, when the indication information is less than 100 bits, CRC-6 is used; when the indication information is greater than 100 bits, CRC-16 is used. The specific configuration methods are shown in Table 2.

[0129] Table 2: The length of the CRC is determined based on the length of the indication information.

[0130] In some embodiments of this application, if the first information is information used for command services, such services will send control information carrying the device ID, which needs to be accompanied by a CRC, the length of which is related to the length of the first information (down to a specific range, similar to a bitrate table).

[0131] In some embodiments of this application, the false alarm rate, bit error rate, or block error rate are used. The reader determines the CRC length of the first information based on the CRC false alarm rate of the received D2R signal, or the bit error rate or block error rate of the D2R signal. Specifically, when the false alarm rate, bit error rate, or block error rate is greater than a first threshold, the length of the CRC of the first information is increased. The first threshold can be predefined or configured by a higher layer.

[0132] In some embodiments of this application, the device sends first response information, which includes at least one of the following: a random number for random access, an ACK message, a device ID, etc. Whether to add a CRC checksum to this information is determined according to a third rule.

[0133] In some embodiments of this application, if the first response information is a pseudo-random number, whether to add a CRC and the number of bits in the CRC are related to the length of the pseudo-random number. Specific configuration methods are shown in Table 3.

[0134] Table 3: Whether to add CRC and the number of bits of CRC are related to the length of the pseudo-random number.

[0135] In some embodiments of this application, the false alarm rate, bit error rate, or block error rate are used. Because the device lacks measurement capabilities, or only has simple measurement capabilities, it does not have the ability to detect the false alarm rate, bit error rate, or block error rate. Regarding the CRC configuration of the first response information, the reader / writer can instruct the device to send the CRC when sending the first response information based on the false alarm rate, bit error rate, or block error rate of the received D2R signal. This indication information is carried through the R2D signal.

[0136] In some embodiments of this application, the device sends a second response message, which is a device ID. This message determines whether to add a CRC checksum based on a fourth rule.

[0137] In some embodiments of this application, the size of the memory determines the maximum length of the device ID, and also the length of the CRC. For example, if the non-memory storage is less than 100 bits, a short CRC, such as CRC-6, is used.

[0138] In some embodiments of this application, the device ID length (TS22.369 assumes the device ID is 96-256 bits, and RFID assumes the EPC length is between 16 bits and 496 bits (without XPC), or up to 464 bits (with XPC support)).

[0139] In some embodiments of this application, if the device ID length is less than or equal to 16 bits, a CRC is added to the second response information. The length of the CRC can be either a short CRC or a long CRC.

[0140] In some embodiments of this application, if the device ID is between 16 and 496 bits long and supports PacketCRC and StoredCRC (see Embodiment 4), a long CRC, such as CRC-16, is added to the second response information.

[0141] In some embodiments of this application, if the length of the device ID is between 96 and 256 bits, a CRC is added to the second response information. The length of the CRC depends on the length of the device ID. For example, if the length is less than 150 bits, CRC-6 is used; if the length is greater than 150 bits, CRC-16 is used.

[0142] Second embodiment: PDRCH CRC indication:

[0143] In some embodiments of this application, the solutions of the second embodiment can be implemented in conjunction with the solutions of the first, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh embodiments, or can be implemented independently of the solutions of the first, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh embodiments. In some embodiments of this application, solutions from multiple embodiments can be implemented in combination or independently.

[0144] Figure 3A is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3A, the wireless communication method includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 301A: When the device carries a D2R signal to the reader on the PDRCH, it performs CRC indication of the D2R signal through the R2D signaling carried on the PDRCH. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0145] In some embodiments, the CRC indication is predefined, determining whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code and / or the CRC length based on the signal type. In some embodiments, when the signal type is a preamble, the CRC is added to the first information, or the clock signal, or both the first information and the clock signal. The length of the CRC is related to the length, mode, or code rate of the first information or the clock signal. The mode refers to different modulation resources or different levels. The first information includes a separator or a start indicator. In some embodiments, when the signal type is a center code or a postcode, the CRC is added to or not added to the postcode, or the CRC is not added to the center code. In some embodiments, if the postcode is used for uplink synchronization, the CRC is added, and the length of the CRC depends on the length of the postcode.

[0146] In some embodiments, when the signal type is a control field, the CRC is added, and the length of the CRC is related to the format of the control field. In some embodiments, when the signal type is a data field, the CRC is added to data carrying a device identifier ID, or to data carrying sensing data, or not to data carrying the device ID or sensing data, or to data carrying control information, and the length of the CRC is related to the length of the device ID, the length of the sensing data, or the length of the control information. In some embodiments, when the signal type is a reference signal, the CRC is added, and the length of the CRC is related to the length and format of the reference signal.

[0147] In some embodiments, the CRC indication is carried by a reader-to-device R2D preamble, an R2D control signal, or a reader-to-device physical channel (PRDCH). In some embodiments, the CRC indication is determined by an R2D signal indicating device-to-reader (D2R) signaling to determine whether to add the CRC or configure its length. In some embodiments, the addition of the CRC or the configuration of its length is determined by the level, length, duty cycle, or code rate of the preamble, middle code, postcode, control information, or data information of the R2D signal.

[0148] In some embodiments, if the information carried by the PDRCH is transmitted via reflection, the CRC indication during PDRCH transmission needs to be considered due to limitations in device capabilities.

[0149] Predefined method: The specific configuration method is shown in Table 4.

[0150] Table 4: The CRC indication is a predefined method.

[0151] Display instructions:

[0152] In some embodiments, the R2D preamble or sequence carries indication information: that is, the downlink preamble or sequence carries indication information indicating the PDRCH CRC.

[0153] In some embodiments, the delimiter has the function of indicating the PDRCH CRC, including indicating the length of the PDRCH CRC. For example, it indicates whether a CRC is added to the D2R preamble or sequence / control information / data information / postcode, and the length of the CRC.

[0154] In some embodiments, in addition to the separator and clock signal, the preamble or sequence has a separate field for indicating PDRCH CRC information.

[0155] In some embodiments, the R2D control signal carries indication information: that is, the indication information of the R2D control signal can indicate the configuration information of the PDRCH CRC.

[0156] In some embodiments, the PRDCH carries indication information: in addition to the preamble or sequence and R2D control signal, other fields of the PRDCH can also indicate the PDRCH CRC, for example, the data information of the PRDCH.

[0157] Implicit instructions:

[0158] In some embodiments, the R2D preamble or sequence is indicated by delimiters or clock signals in the downlink preamble or sequence. One embodiment is shown in the figure below, where the preamble or sequence includes necessary delimiters and clock signals, as well as optional reference information. One slice period is called a time unit T. In the given figure, the length of the delimiter is 4T, the length of the reference information is 3T, and the length of the clock signal is 5T. The following implicit indication rules are defined:

[0159] As shown in Figure 3B, a high level for the separator or a high level for the reference information indicates that a CRC needs to be added to the D2R signal, while a full low level does not require a CRC.

[0160] In some embodiments, the length of the reference information / delimiter indicates that CRC needs to be added to D2R. In some embodiments, T: only D2R preamble or sequence is added. In some embodiments, 2T: only D2R control information is added. In some embodiments, 3T: only D2R data information is added. In some embodiments, the duty cycle / code rate of the reference information / delimiter, or the duty cycle of the reference information, represents the number of bits carrying CRC; for example, different duty cycles / code rates are defined.

[0161] In some embodiments, duty cycle / bit rate level I: CRC-6. In some embodiments, duty cycle / bit rate level II: CRC-11. In some embodiments, duty cycle / bit rate level III: CRC-16. In some embodiments, duty cycle / bit rate level IV: CRC-24.

[0162] In some embodiments, R2D is indicated by the portion of the downlink R2D signal excluding the preamble or sequence. In some embodiments, it is indicated by the length, code rate, duty cycle, etc., of the R2D control information, following the rules described above. In some embodiments, it is indicated by the length, code rate, and duty cycle of the R2D data information, following the rules described above. In some embodiments, it is indicated by the length, code rate, and duty cycle of the R2D middle code or end code, following the rules described above. In some embodiments, the above implicit indication can, for example, be indicated by the duty cycle / code rate of the reference information / delimiter to indicate whether CRC needs to be added to the D2R signaling. Another approach is to directly configure the CRC length instead of indicating whether CRC is needed; a non-zero CRC length indicates that CRC is needed, and a zero CRC length indicates that CRC is not needed.

[0163] Third embodiment: CRC scrambling:

[0164] In some embodiments of this application, the solution of the third embodiment can be implemented in conjunction with the solutions of the first, second, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh embodiments, or it can be implemented independently of the solutions of the first, second, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh embodiments. In some embodiments of this application, the solutions of multiple embodiments can be implemented in combination or independently.

[0165] In some embodiments, the wireless communication method further includes scrambling a temporary identifier of the information. In some embodiments, the scrambling conditions are related to device type, uplink / downlink, signal characteristics, or signal length.

[0166] In some embodiments, the rules for using temporary identifiers are as follows: During the transmission of R2D or D2R signals, in order to further improve the reliability of transmission, CRC is scrambled with different temporary identifiers before being appended.

[0167] The purpose of scrambling: In AIoT systems, scrambling can distinguish different R2D or D2R control information formats; it can also distinguish the content that is repeatedly transmitted when repeating; and it can also distinguish the format of control information from gNB to UE reader for topology 2.

[0168] R2D transmission:

[0169] In some embodiments, the temporary identifier of a paging, selection, or challenge message is scrambled; for example, a 16-bit AIoT paging RNTI is scrambled with a 16-bit CRC. The temporary identifier of the first message is also scrambled; for example, if the first message is a Q value, its temporary identifier is Q-RNTI, and it is scrambled with CRC-6. In some embodiments, the temporary identifier of the second message is scrambled; for example, if the second message is an ACK, its temporary identifier is A-RNTI, and it is scrambled with CRC-6.

[0170] D2R transmission:

[0171] In some embodiments, the temporary identifier of the first response information is scrambled. For example, if the first response information is RN16, CRC-16 is scrambled using RN16; or CRC-16 is scrambled using the RNTI corresponding to RN16. In some embodiments, the temporary identifier of the second response information is scrambled. For example, if the second response information is a 16-bit device ID, CRC-16 is scrambled using its temporary identifier ID-RNTI.

[0172] Scrambling conditions:

[0173] In some embodiments, scrambling is differentiated based on device type; for example, scrambling is not considered for device 1, but certain signaling from devices 2a / 2b is scrambled, such as the ACK instruction. In some embodiments, scrambling is differentiated based on uplink / downlink; for example, scrambling is applied to PRDCH signals while PDRCH signals are not. In some embodiments, scrambling is differentiated based on signal characteristics; for example, scrambling is applied to control signaling while other signaling is not. In some embodiments, scrambling is differentiated based on signal length; for example, scrambling is applied to signaling longer than 16 bits while scrambling is not.

[0174] Fourth embodiment: CRC and device ID:

[0175] In some embodiments of this application, the solution of the fourth embodiment can be implemented in conjunction with the solutions of the first, second, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh embodiments, or it can be implemented independently of the solutions of the first, second, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh embodiments. In some embodiments of this application, the solutions of multiple embodiments can be implemented in combination or independently.

[0176] In some embodiments, when the reader sends the first information, the first information carries a device identifier ID or a group ID, and the reader determines whether the first information uses the CRC and the length of the CRC according to the first rule. In some embodiments, the information is first information, information for random access, wherein the information for random access includes random numbers and time-frequency resources for random access, or indication information for indicating the behavior of the device. In some embodiments, the predefined rule is a second rule, the second rule including at least one of the following rules: adding the CRC when the number of devices to be inventoried or the number of groups of the devices exceeds a threshold; determining whether to add the CRC based on the code rate, wherein the code rate refers to the efficiency of linear encoding; determining whether to add the CRC based on the duty cycle, wherein the duty cycle of the first information represents the number of bits carrying the CRC; determining whether to add the CRC based on the transport block size; determining whether to add the CRC based on the command type of the first information; and determining whether to add the CRC based on the false alarm rate, bit error rate, or block error rate. In some embodiments, the command type of the first information includes at least one of the following types: random numbers for random access, preambles, control information, data information, and information for command services.

[0177] In some embodiments of this application, Figure 4 illustrates Case I and Case II.

[0178] Case I: In some embodiments of this application, when the reader sends a paging, selection, or challenge (Xth information), the paging, selection, or challenge carries a device ID or group ID. For example, when a command service is executed, it is necessary to trigger the corresponding device to perform an activation or deactivation operation. The reader determines whether to use CRC and the length of the CRC according to a first rule.

[0179] In some embodiments of this application, the reader sends Xth information to the device. This Xth information is sent based on stored device information, including: the ID of the device to be repeatedly communicated with, the capabilities of the device to be repeatedly communicated with, and the resource configuration information of the device to be repeatedly communicated with. Its CRC includes at least one of the following types: no CRC added, CRC added, and the length of the CRC depends on the length of the device ID in the Xth information.

[0180] In some embodiments of this application, the reader sends information X to the device, where information X is a temporary identifier, such as Inventory-RNTI, and its CRC includes at least one of the following types: no CRC added, CRC added, and the length of the CRC depends on the length of the temporary identifier in information X. For example, if the temporary identifier is <16 bits, CRC-6 is used; if the temporary identifier is >=16 bits, CRC-16 is used.

[0181] In one embodiment, the device ID or temporary identifier is of fixed length and includes information A and information B, where information A is a fixed-length device ID and temporary identifier, and information B is a fixed-length CRC. For example, if the device ID or temporary identifier is 16 bits long, then the length of information X is 32 bits, including a 16-bit device ID or temporary identifier and a 16-bit CRC.

[0182] One specification is that the length of the device ID or temporary identifier is variable, while the length of the CRC is fixed, for example, CRC-16. Another specification is that the length of the device ID, temporary identifier, or CRC is variable.

[0183] Case II: In some embodiments of this application, the device sends a second response message, which is a device ID or EPC. The device determines whether the second response message uses a CRC and the length of the CRC according to a fourth rule.

[0184] The device ID is of fixed length: device ID + CRC.

[0185] Use a fixed-length CRC, such as CRC-6, CRC-11, or CRC-16.

[0186] The length of the device ID is variable.

[0187] The length of the CRC is related to the length of the device ID. For example, if the device ID is less than 16 bits, use CRC-6; if the device ID is 16 bits, use CRC-11; if the device ID is greater than 16 bits, use CRC-16.

[0188] Another rule is that the length of the device ID is variable, while the length of the CRC is fixed.

[0189] Case III: In some embodiments of this application, the device simultaneously sends a first response information and a second response information in the same transmission process.

[0190] First response information + CRC + Second response information + CRC, for example, RN + CRC + Device ID + CRC, where the length of CRC can be fixed or determined according to the length of RN or Device ID, for example: RN 16 + CRC-6 + Device ID (16 bits) + CRC-16.

[0191] First response information + second response information + CRC, for example, RN + device ID + CRC, where the length of CRC can be fixed or determined according to the length of RN or device ID, for example: RN 16 + device ID (16 bits) + CRC - 16.

[0192] First response information + CRC + second response information, for example, RN + CRC + device ID, where the length of CRC can be fixed or determined according to the length of RN or device ID, for example: RN 16 + CRC - 16 + device ID (16 bits).

[0193] Fifth Implementation Example: CRC Design Scheme in Msg 2 Pseudo-Random Numbers:

[0194] In some embodiments of this application, the solution of the fifth embodiment can be implemented in conjunction with the solutions of the first, second, third, fourth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh embodiments, or it can be implemented independently of the solutions of the first, second, third, fourth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh embodiments. In some embodiments of this application, the solutions of multiple embodiments can be implemented in combination or independently.

[0195] Figure 5A is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 5A, the wireless communication method is executed on a device and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 501A: determining whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to the information according to a predefined rule, wherein the length of the CRC and the service type are related to the length of the random number sent by the device.

[0196] Through the above technical solution, the length of the CRC and the service type are related to the length of the random number sent by the device. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0197] In some embodiments, the service type includes inventory service, command service, or conflict resolution service. In some embodiments, the length of the CRC varies with the length of the random number sent by the device, the length of the CRC is related to path loss, or the length of the CRC is related to the transmission power of the device.

[0198] Figure 5B is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 5B, the wireless communication method includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 501B: Sending or receiving information based on the value of a random number and conditions, wherein the conditions of the random number include at least one of the following: a first service, used for sending information during random access; a second service, used for sending information during a positive response; or a third service, used for resolving conflicts using a random number.

[0199] The above technical solution sends or receives information based on the value and conditions of a random number. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0200] In some embodiments, the value of the random number includes a 16-bit random number, an 8-bit random number, or a first-bit random number, wherein the first-bit random number is a random number other than the 16-bit random number and the 8-bit random number. In some embodiments, the first service includes an inventory service, used to send information according to a time slot setting during random access. In some embodiments, the second service includes a command service, used to send information when the affirmative response is received, wherein the information when the affirmative response is specific information, or the information when the affirmative response is received is sent using a random number, wherein the random number is a number associated with a device ID. In some embodiments, the third service is used for the conflicting device to send a random number to resolve the conflict after a collision occurs. In some embodiments, the number of bits in the conflict-resolving random number is less than or equal to the number of bits in the random number before the conflict. In some embodiments, the number of bits in the conflict-resolving random number is equal to an 8-bit random number, and the number of bits in the random number before the conflict is equal to a 16-bit random number.

[0201] The values ​​of pseudo-random numbers and their conditions:

[0202] In some embodiments of this application, the 16-bit random number includes at least one of the following conditions: inventory service, used to send information according to the time slot setting during random access; command service, used to send ACK information, which can be specific information or sent through a random number, which can be a number associated with the device ID; or a random number returned to resolve the conflict after a collision.

[0203] An 8-bit random number, with at least one of the following conditions: inventory service, used to send information according to the time slot setting during random access; command service, used to send ACK information, which can be specific information or sent through a random number, which can be a number associated with the device ID; or a random number returned to resolve the conflict after a collision (if RN16 is used during a collision, then RN8 is used to resolve the conflict).

[0204] An X-bit random number, the condition of which includes at least one of the following: inventory service, used to send information according to the time slot setting during random access; command service, used to send ACK information, which can be specific information or sent through a random number, which can be a number associated with the device ID; or a random number returned to resolve the conflict after a collision (the number of bits in the random number to resolve the conflict is less than or equal to the number of bits in the random number before the conflict).

[0205] The design scheme and specific configuration of CRC are shown in Table 5.

[0206] Table 5: CRC design scheme.

[0207] Sixth embodiment: CRC design when repeatedly transmitting the same D2R signal:

[0208] In some embodiments of this application, the solution of the sixth embodiment can be implemented in conjunction with the solutions of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh embodiments, or it can be implemented independently of the solutions of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh embodiments. In some embodiments of this application, the solutions of multiple embodiments can be implemented in combination or independently.

[0209] Figure 6A is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 6A, the wireless communication method is executed on a device and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 601A: When the device repeatedly sends a first response information or a second response information within a predefined / indicated time window, the device determines to add the CRC after the first response information or the second response information. The length of the CRC is related to the length of the first response information or the length of the second response information, and the length of the CRC is greater than or equal to the length of the CRC carried when the first response information or the second response information was sent previously.

[0210] Through the above technical solution, the device determines to add the CRC after the first response information or the second response information, and the length of the CRC is related to the length of the first response information or the length of the second response information. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0211] In some embodiments, when the device sends a first response message or a second response message via a retransmission command sent by a reader / writer, the use and length of the CRC are indicated by the retransmission command. In some embodiments, when the device sends a first response message or a second response message via a retransmission command sent by a reader / writer, the use and length of the CRC are predefined. The CRC is added after the first response message or the second response message, and the length of the CRC is related to the length of the first response message or the second response message, and the length of the CRC is greater than or equal to the length of the CRC carried in the previous transmission of the first response message or the second response message.

[0212] AIoT devices actively repeat:

[0213] As shown in Figure 6B, in some embodiments, the repeated signaling includes: first response information and second response information, including but not limited to: random numbers (e.g., RN16, RN8), device ID, EPC, ACK, NACK, sensing data, and any combination of the above information. In some embodiments, the conditions for repetition include any one of the following: no information sent by the reader according to the first / second response information is received within a specified time window, where the time window is pre-configured, indicated by the first / second information, or indicated by additional information. If the device fails to receive information sent by the reader according to the first / second response information due to insufficient device power, the device will enter a charging state and continue to send the first / second response information within a specified time window, where the time window is pre-configured, indicated by the first / second information, or indicated by additional information; if the first / second response information is not sent within the specified time window, the device will wait for the next round of inventory or wait for the reader to trigger before sending the first / second response information.

[0214] It is worth noting that Figure 6B uses the first response information as an example to explain the transmission process actively sent by the AIoT device. In addition to the first response information, the second response information can also be repeatedly sent according to the defined rules.

[0215] The number of times the message is repeated can be determined based on the length and content of the first response message and the length and content of the second response message. For example, if the first response message is RN16 (equal to 16 bits) and the second response message is the device ID (greater than 16 bits), then the second response message will be repeated more times than the first response message. For example, the second response message will be repeated 3 times and the first response message will be repeated 2 times.

[0216] The reader triggers the device to repeatedly send information:

[0217] As shown in Figure 6C, in some embodiments, the repeat signaling is a reader-triggered signaling instruction that instructs the device to retransmit the most recently transmitted information using a given time-frequency resource. The first response information and the second response information include, but are not limited to: a random number (e.g., RN16, RN8), device ID, EPC, ACK, NACK, sensed data, and any combination of the above information.

[0218] In some embodiments, the repeated condition includes any one of the following: the reader fails to correctly receive the first or second response information within a specified time window, where the time window is predefined or configured at a higher level, such as MAC-CE or RRC. Failure to correctly receive includes: 1) a bit error rate greater than a threshold; 2) failure to receive the first or second response information. Other information received by the reader besides the first or second response information includes: 1) a charging request; 2) insufficient battery power.

[0219] CRC adaptation design for repetition:

[0220] In some embodiments, when the device actively retransmits the first / second response information outside a specified time window, a CRC should be added after the first / second response information. The length of the CRC is related to the length of the first / second response information, and the length of the CRC should be greater than or equal to the length of the CRC carried in the previous transmission of the first / second response information. When the device sends the first / second response information through a retransmission command sent by the reader / writer, the CRC addition rule can be any of the following: the use and length of the CRC are indicated by the retransmission command; the use and length of the CRC are predefined; when retransmitting the first / second response information, a CRC should be added after the first / second response information, and the length of the CRC is related to the length of the first / second response information, and the length of the CRC should be greater than or equal to the length of the CRC carried in the previous transmission of the first / second response information.

[0221] It is worth noting that Figure 6C uses the first response information as an example to explain the transmission process of the reader triggering the AIoT device to send repeatedly. In addition to the first response information, the second response information can also be sent repeatedly according to the defined rules.

[0222] The number of times the message is repeated can be determined based on the length and content of the first response message and the length and content of the second response message. For example, if the first response message is RN16 (equal to 16 bits) and the second response message is the device ID (greater than 16 bits), then the second response message will be repeated more times than the first response message. For example, the second response message will be repeated 3 times and the first response message will be repeated 2 times.

[0223] Figure 6D is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 6D, the wireless communication method is executed on a device and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 601D: Sending response information; when a first condition is met, repeatedly sending the response information to the reader, wherein the first condition includes the device not receiving information sent by the reader based on the response information.

[0224] By employing the above technical solution, when the first condition is met, the response information is repeatedly sent to the reader. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0225] In some embodiments, the response information includes first response information and / or second response information. In some embodiments, the first response information and / or the second response information includes the number of devices, device ID, EPC, ACK, NACK, sensing data, or any combination of the above information. In some embodiments, the first condition includes any one of the following: no information sent by the reader according to the first response information and / or the second response information is received within a first time window, the first time window is pre-configured, or the first time window is indicated by first information and / or second information, or the first time window is indicated by additional information, the additional information including PRDCH control information and / or data information; or due to insufficient device power, no information sent by the reader according to the first response information and / or the second response information is received, the device will enter a charging state and continue to send the first response information and / or the second response information within the first time window; if the first response information and / or the second response information are not resent within the first time window, the device waits for the next round of inventory, or waits for the reader to trigger the resentment of the first response information and / or the second response information.

[0226] It is worth noting that Figure 6D uses the first response information as an example to explain the transmission process of repeated transmission by AIoT devices. In addition to the first response information, the second response information can also be repeatedly transmitted according to the defined rules.

[0227] The number of times the message is repeated can be determined based on the length and content of the first response message and the length and content of the second response message. For example, if the first response message is RN16 (equal to 16 bits) and the second response message is the device ID (greater than 16 bits), then the second response message will be repeated more times than the first response message. For example, the second response message will be repeated 3 times and the first response message will be repeated 2 times.

[0228] Figure 6E is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 6E, the wireless communication method is executed on a reader and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 601E: receiving first response information and / or second response information; when a second condition is met, the reader triggers the device to send a repeated signaling, the second condition including that the reader has not received the first response information and / or the second response information sent by the device.

[0229] Through the above technical solution, when the second condition is met, the reader triggers the device to send a repeat signaling message. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0230] In some embodiments, the repeat signaling includes a first transmission instruction to instruct the device to retransmit the most recently transmitted information using a first time-frequency resource, wherein the first time-frequency resource is the same as or different from the time-frequency resource of the first response information, or the first transmission instruction includes an activation signal. In some embodiments, the repeat signaling includes the first response information and / or the second response information. In some embodiments, the first response information and / or the second response information includes the number of devices, device ID, EPC, ACK, NACK, sensing data, or any combination of the above information. In some embodiments, the second condition includes any one of the following: the reader does not correctly receive the first response information and / or the second response information within a second time window, the second time window being predefined, or the second time window being configured by a higher layer; the reader receives information that is not the first response information or the second response information, including charging request information and / or low battery information; and the response information that needs to be retransmitted and the number of retransmissions are sent according to predefined rules or indication information, wherein the predefined rules include the length and / or format of the response information. The response information that needs to be retransmitted includes random access information, such as RN16; device ID or EPC, etc. RAN16 is 16 bits and needs to be retransmitted once; device ID > 20 bits and needs to be retransmitted twice. In some embodiments, incorrect reception includes: a bit error rate greater than a threshold and / or failure to receive the first response information and / or the second response information.

[0231] Seventh Implementation Example: Adaptation Design of Backscatter Link Frequency and CRC:

[0232] In some embodiments of this application, the solution of the seventh embodiment can be implemented in conjunction with the solutions of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh embodiments, or it can be implemented independently of the solutions of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh embodiments. In some embodiments of this application, the solutions of multiple embodiments can be implemented in combination or independently.

[0233] Figure 7A is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 7A, the wireless communication method is executed on a device and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 701A: determining whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to the information according to a predefined rule, wherein the length of the CRC is related to the backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resources.

[0234] Through the above technical solution, the length of the CRC is related to the backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resources. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0235] In some embodiments, the backscatter link frequency or the D2R frequency resource is indicated by a predefined table. In some embodiments, the backscatter link frequency or the D2R frequency resource is indicated by carrying indication information via an R2D preamble, an R2D control signal, or a PRDCH. In some embodiments, the backscatter link frequency or the D2R frequency resource is indicated by the length, duty cycle, or level of the PRDCH information.

[0236] In some embodiments of this application, the indication of backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resources is method one: a predefined table. Specific configuration methods are shown in Table 6.

[0237] Table 6: Predefined tables.

[0238] In one embodiment of Table 6, the R2D signal indicates a certain level, and the device determines the backscatter link frequency and D2R frequency resources according to the level. For example, if the code rate or modulation frequency is 1MHz, and the CW frequency is 900MHz, then the backscatter link frequency is 1MHz, and the D2R frequency resources are the transmission blocks corresponding to 899MHz and 901MHz respectively. The TB can be continuous or discontinuous in the frequency domain.

[0239] In some embodiments of this application, the indication of backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resources is Method 2: Display Indication.

[0240] In some embodiments, the R2D preamble or sequence carries indication information: that is, the downlink preamble or sequence carries indication information indicating the PDRCH CRC. In some embodiments, the separator has the function of indicating the PDRCH backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resource. In some embodiments, in addition to the separator and clock signal, the preamble or sequence has a separate field for indicating the PDRCH backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resource. In some embodiments, the R2D control signal carries indication information: that is, the indication information of the R2D control signal can indicate the PDRCH backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resource. In some embodiments, the PRDCH carries indication information: in addition to the preamble or sequence and the R2D control signal, other fields of the PRDCH can also indicate the PDRCH backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resource; for example, the data field in the PRDCH can indicate the PDRCH backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resource.

[0241] In some embodiments of this application, the indication of backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resources is method three: implicit indication.

[0242] As shown in Figure 7B, in some embodiments, the first information, the second information, and the third information can be any information of the PRDCH. For example, the first information is a preamble or sequence, the second information is control information, and the third information is data information. Alternatively, the first information can be a separator, the second information can be a clock signal, and the third information can be other information in the preamble or sequence. Therefore, the first information, the second information, and the third information are all information of the preamble or sequence.

[0243] In some embodiments, the indication method includes at least one of the following:

[0244] 1. The length of the first / second / third information indicates the backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resource.

[0245] 2. The duty cycle of the first / second / third information indicates the backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resources.

[0246] 3. The location of the high level of the first / second / third information indicates the backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resource. For example, if the high level of the first information is located in the last time unit, it means that the value of the backscatter link frequency / D2R is A.

[0247] 4. The sum of the high levels of the first, second, and third information. For example, if the sum of the high levels is 4, it means that the value of the backscatter link frequency / D2R is B.

[0248] 5. The product, addition, subtraction, and division of the lengths of any two pieces of information, including the first, second, and third pieces of information.

[0249] 6. The product, addition, subtraction, or division of the lengths of the first, second, and third information with the length of the fourth information, wherein the length of the fourth information is different from that of the first, second, and third information.

[0250] Mapping relationship between backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resources and CRC: The specific configuration method is shown in Table 7.

[0251] Table 7: Mapping relationship between backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resources and CRC:

[0252] In some embodiments of this application, a mapping table is defined for backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resources and CRC. The length of the CRC is related to the backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resources. For example, if the backscatter link frequency is 1MHz and the D2R resources are 899MHz and 901MHz, the CRC length is 16; if the backscatter link frequency is 5MHz and the D2R resources are 895MHz and 905MHz, the CRC length is 11; if the backscatter link frequency is 10MHz and the D2R resources are 890MHz and 910MHz, the CRC length is 6.

[0253] Figure 7C is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 7C, the wireless communication method is executed on the device side and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 70CA: receiving or sending an indication of backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resources, wherein the indication of backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resources is a predefined table, a first indication, or a second indication, wherein the first indication is an explicit indication, the second indication is an implicit indication, and the predefined table is indicated by MAC CE or configured by RRC.

[0254] The above technical solution enables the reception or transmission of backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resource indications. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0255] In some embodiments, for the predefined table, when the R2D signal indicates a first level, the device determines the backscatter link frequency and D2R frequency resources according to the first level. In some embodiments, the first indication includes any one of the following: R2D preamble or sequence carrying indication information; R2D control signal carrying indication information; indication information carried in the PRDCH. In some embodiments, the R2D preamble or sequence carrying indication information includes any one of the following: downlink preamble or sequence carrying indication information indicating the PDRCH CRC; a separator having the function of indicating the PDRCH backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resources; the preamble or sequence having a separate field in addition to the separator and clock signal for indicating the PDRCH backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resources. In some embodiments, the indication information carried in the PRDCH includes any one of the following: the first field of the PRDCH can also indicate the PDRCH backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resources. In some embodiments, the first field of the PRDCH includes a data field.

[0256] In some embodiments, the second indication includes any one of the following: first information, second information, and third information, wherein the first information, the second information, and the third information are any information of the PRDCH. In some embodiments, the first information is a preamble or sequence, the second information is control information, and the third information is data information; or the first information is a separator, the second information is a clock signal, and the third information is other information in the preamble or sequence. In some embodiments, the indication method of the second indication includes at least one of the following: the length of the first information, the second information, or the third information indicates the backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resource; the duty cycle of the first information, the second information, or the third information indicates the backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resource; the position of the high level of the first information, the second information, or the third information indicates the backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resource; the sum of the high levels of the first information, the second information, and the third information; the product, addition, subtraction, or division of the lengths of any two of the first information, the second information, and the third information; the product, addition, subtraction, or division of the lengths of the first information, the second information, and the third information and the length of the fourth information, wherein the length of the fourth information is different from that of the first information, the second information, and the third information.

[0257] Eighth Implementation Example: CRC Design in the Presence of SFO

[0258] In some embodiments of this application, the solution of the eighth embodiment can be implemented in conjunction with the solutions of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, ninth, tenth, and eleventh embodiments, or it can be implemented independently of the solutions of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, ninth, tenth, and eleventh embodiments. In some embodiments of this application, the solutions of multiple embodiments can be implemented in combination or independently.

[0259] Figure 8A is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 8A, the wireless communication method is executed on a device and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 801A: Determine whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to the information according to a predefined rule, wherein the use of the CRC is related to the device type and the sampling frequency offset (SFO).

[0260] Through the above technical solution, the use of CRC is related to the device type and the sampling frequency offset (SFO). This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0261] In some embodiments, it is determined whether to add the CRC based on the SFO. In some embodiments, if the CRC is added, the length of the CRC is related to the reader's estimation error and the channel coherence.

[0262] SFO estimation and compensation:

[0263] Method 1: For devices 1 and 2a:

[0264] In some embodiments, the reader sends a first signal for estimating the device's SFO / TO and receives a second signal sent by the device based on the first signal, wherein the second signal is obtained based on the first signal, and the first signal may indicate the time-frequency resources of the second signal. In some embodiments, the reader estimates the device's SFO / TO based on the received second signal and sends a third signal. The third signal indicates the time-frequency resources of a fourth signal, which are configured based on the estimated device SFO / TO. In some embodiments, the device sends the fourth signal based on the third signal. In some embodiments, the reader receives the fourth signal, which is a signal after SFO / TO compensation.

[0265] Method 2: For device 2b:

[0266] In some embodiments, the reader sends a first signal, which instructs the device to measure the first signal and report the SFO / TO measurement. In some embodiments, the device reports the measurement result based on the SFO / TO. In some embodiments, the reader receives the measurement result reported by the device and sends a second signal based on the measurement result, the time-frequency resource of the second signal being a signal compensated for by the SFO / TO; and instructs the device to send a third signal with time-frequency resources configured based on the SFO / TO measurement result reported by the device to compensate for the time-frequency offset introduced by the device's SFO.

[0267] CRC Design:

[0268] In some embodiments, the size of the SFO varies depending on the type of device. One design approach is to determine the CRC usage rules based on the type of device.

[0269] Device 1 has the highest SFO and uses CRC. The length of the CRC is related to the SFO. For example, when the SFO is 10^4 ppm, CRC-11 is used; when the SFO is 10^5 ppm, CRC-16 is used.

[0270] For device 2a, SFO is secondary, and CRC is used. The length of the CRC is related to the SFO. For example, when the SFO is 10^3 ppm, CRC-6 is used; when the SFO is 10^4 ppm, CRC-11 is used.

[0271] For device 2b, with a minimum SFO, CRC is used, and the length of the CRC is related to the SFO. For example, when the SFO is 10^2 ppm, CRC-6 is used; when the SFO is 10^3 ppm, CRC-11 is used.

[0272] In some embodiments, if the reader side estimates and compensates for the SFO / TO introduced by the device, the CRC usage rules include any of the following: no CRC is added, or CRC is added, and the length of the CRC is related to the estimation error on the reader side and the coherence of the channel. For example, if the estimation error is large (>10%) and the channel coherence time is short, then CRC-16 is used.

[0273] Figure 8B is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 8B, the wireless communication method is executed by a reader and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 801B: For a first device and / or a second device, the reader sends a first signal for estimating the SFO / TO of the first device and / or the second device, and receives a second signal sent by the first device and / or the second device based on the first signal, wherein the second signal is obtained based on the first signal, and the first signal is used to indicate the time-frequency resources and modulation / coding method of the second signal.

[0274] Through the above technical solution, the reader sends a first signal for estimating the SFO / TO of the first device and / or the second device. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0275] In some embodiments, the first device is device 1, and the second device is device 2a. In some embodiments, the reader estimates the SFO / TO of the first device and / or the second device based on the received second signal, and sends a third signal, wherein the third signal is used to indicate the time-frequency resources of a fourth signal, the time-frequency resources being configured based on the estimated SFO / TO of the first device and / or the second device to compensate for time-domain or frequency-domain offsets caused by SFO / TO.

[0276] Figure 8C is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 8C, the wireless communication method is executed by a reader and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 801C: For a third device, the reader sends a first signal, which instructs the third device to measure the first signal and report the measurement of SFO / TO.

[0277] Through the above technical solution, the reader sends a first signal, which instructs the third device to measure the first signal and report the SFO / TO measurement. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0278] In some embodiments, the third device is device 2b. In some embodiments, the reader receives measurement results reported by the third device and sends a second signal based on the measurement results, the time-frequency resource of the second signal being a signal after SFO / TO compensation. In some embodiments, the reader instructs the third device to send a third signal using the second signal, the time-frequency resource being configured based on the SFO / TO measurement results reported by the third device to compensate for the time-frequency offset introduced by the SFO of the third device.

[0279] Ninth Example: The Impact of CP Processing on CRC:

[0280] In some embodiments of this application, the solution of the ninth embodiment can be implemented in conjunction with the solutions of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, tenth, and eleventh embodiments, or it can be implemented independently of the solutions of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, tenth, and eleventh embodiments. In some embodiments of this application, the solutions of multiple embodiments can be implemented in combination or independently.

[0281] Figure 9A is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 9A, the wireless communication method is executed on a device and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 901A: Determine whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to the information according to a predefined rule, wherein the use of the CRC is related to the Cyclic Prefix (CP) processing.

[0282] The above technical solution involves the use of CRC related to cyclic prefix (CP) processing. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0283] In some embodiments, the CP processing includes removing the CP and not removing the CP. In some embodiments, if the CP is removed and the CRC is located after the CP, the CRC is determined based on the determined CP position and the CRC is demodulated. In some embodiments, if the CP is removed, the CRC is independent of the CP position, and the length of the CRC is related to the CP processing. In some embodiments, if the CP is not removed, the length of the CRC is related to the CP.

[0284] As shown in Figure 9B, in some embodiments of this application, if the device removes the CP and the CRC is located after the CP, the device determines the CRC based on the determined CP position and demodulates the CRC. In some embodiments, the device determines the CP position based on the CP position indicated by the control field and the length of the CRC, and then demodulates the CRC. The length of the CRC is related to the position of the CP and the length of the specific signaling. In some embodiments, the device determines the position of the CP according to predefined rules, including any one of the following:

[0285] In some embodiments, a CP is added to the very beginning of each NR symbol. The phase of the CP may be the same as or different from the phase of the adjacent slice / symbol (as shown in Figure 9B). The length of the CP is greater than or equal to the minimum sampling rate of the device, or it may be predefined, for example, a CP is equal to 1 / 2 slice length). In this case, the addition of CRC is not considered.

[0286] In some embodiments, for OOK-1, the addition of a CP does not affect the R2D OOK sequence. The device needs to determine the position of the CP based on the SFO and the symbol length, and then remove the CP.

[0287] In some embodiments, for OOK-4, the addition of a CP will affect the R2D OOK sequence. The position of the CP can be determined by combining the SFO with the rules such as whether the phase of the CP is the same or different from the phase of the adjacent slice / symbol, and the CP can be removed.

[0288] In some embodiments, a CP is added to the very end of each NR symbol. The phase of the CP may be the same as or different from the phase of the adjacent slice / symbol, or the phase of the CP may be the same as or different from the phase of the first slice within the same symbol. In this case, the addition of a CRC is considered, and the length of the CRC is related to the length of the specific signaling.

[0289] In one embodiment, the position of each NR symbol is considered in relation to CRC. For example, a symbol carries M slices, and the M slices carry N bits (N <= M, depending on the modulation order and code rate; for example, when the modulation order is 1, M = N). Assuming M = 10, and the control field of the preamble or sequence is 5 bits, then CRC can be added after the control field, and its length depends on the signaling length. A CP can be added after the control field and CRC, or it can be omitted (CP is generally located at the very beginning and very end of the symbol).

[0290] In some embodiments, the position of CRC is independent of CP, and the processing of CP will affect the length of CRC. For example, for OOK-4, an OFDM symbol has more than or equal to 2 slices, and CRC can be added within a symbol or across symbols.

[0291] In some embodiments, the device does not remove the CP. The length of the slice is affected by the insertion of the CP.

[0292] SFO not considered, or SFO being compensated:

[0293] The length of an NR symbol = M * the length of a slice. The CP length occupies the length of the first or last slice within the NR symbol.

[0294] The length of an NR symbol = M * the length of a slice + the length of a CP. After adding a CP, all slices within the symbol have the same length.

[0295] Consider SFO.

[0296] The length of an NR symbol = M * (length of a slice + TO). The CP length occupies the length of the first or last slice within the NR symbol.

[0297] The length of an NR symbol = M * (length of a slice + TO) + CP length. After adding CP, all slices within the symbol have the same length.

[0298] The length of the NR symbol = M * (the length of a slice) + TO.

[0299] The length of the NR symbol = M * (the length of a slice) + CP length + TO.

[0300] Figure 9C is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 9C, the wireless communication method is executed on a device and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 901C: If the device removes the CP and the CRC is located after the CP, the device determines the CRC based on the determined CP position and demodulates the CRC.

[0301] Through the above technical solution, the device determines the CRC based on the determined CP position and demodulates the CRC. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0302] In some embodiments, the device determines the CP position based on the CP position indicated by the control field and then demodulates the CRC. In some embodiments, the length of the CRC is related to the CP position and the length of the signaling. In some embodiments, the device determines the CP position and the length of the CRC according to predefined rules, including any one of the following: adding a CP at the very beginning of each NR symbol, the phase of the CP being the same as or different from the phase of the adjacent slice / symbol, or the phase of the CP being the same as or different from the phase of the last slice within the same symbol; adding a CP at the very end of each NR symbol, the phase of the CP being the same as or different from the phase of the adjacent slice / symbol, or the phase of the CP being the same as or different from the phase of the first slice within the same symbol.

[0303] In some embodiments, the length of the CP is greater than or equal to the minimum sampling rate of the device, or the CP is predefined. In some embodiments, for OOK-1, the addition of the CP is independent of the R2D OOK sequence; the device determines the position of the CP based on the SFO and the symbol length, and removes the CP. In some embodiments, for OOK-4, the addition of the CP affects the R2D OOK sequence; the device determines the position of the CP based on the rule that the phase of the CP is the same as or different from the phase of adjacent slices / symbols, combined with the SFO, and removes the CP.

[0304] Figure 9D is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 9D, the wireless communication method is executed on a device and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 901D: If the device does not remove the CP and does not consider the SFO or the SFO is compensated, then: the length of the NR symbol = M * the length of a slice, wherein the CP length occupies the length of the first or last slice within the NR symbol; or the length of the NR symbol = M * the length of a slice + the CP length, wherein after adding the CP, all slices within the symbol have the same length.

[0305] The above technical solutions improve system reliability and reduce the probability of collisions during device access.

[0306] Figure 9E is a flowchart illustrating the wireless communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 9E, the wireless communication method is executed on a device and includes at least one of the following operations: Operation 901E: If the device does not remove the CP, considering the SFO, then: the length of the NR symbol = M * (the length of a slice + TO), where the CP length occupies the length of the first or last slice within the NR symbol; or the length of the NR symbol = M * (the length of a slice + TO) + the CP length, where, after adding the CP, all slices within the symbol have the same length; or the length of the NR symbol = M * (the length of a slice) + TO; or the length of the NR symbol = M * (the length of a slice) + the CP length + TO.

[0307] The above technical solutions improve system reliability and reduce the probability of collisions during device access.

[0308] Tenth Example: The Impact of Convolutional Codes on CRC:

[0309] In some embodiments of this application, the solution of the tenth embodiment can be implemented in conjunction with the solutions of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and eleventh embodiments, or it can be implemented independently of the solutions of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and eleventh embodiments. In some embodiments of this application, the solutions of multiple embodiments can be implemented in combination or independently.

[0310] In some embodiments of this application, the use of the CRC is related to the convolutional code encoding of the D2R signal. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0311] In some embodiments, for the convolutional code-encoded D2R signal, if the length of the input bit sequence is greater than a predefined maximum code block length, the input bit sequence is segmented into code blocks. In some embodiments, the CRC is added to each segmented code block, and the length of the CRC is related to the code block length, linear coding rate, backscatter link frequency, or D2R frequency resources. In some embodiments, the convolutional code-encoded D2R signal is format 0, used to indicate the transport block size (TBS) or uplink modulation scheme, and the length of the CRC is determined based on the payload size or convolutional code rate. In some embodiments, the convolutional code-encoded D2R signal is format 1, used to indicate the device status, and the length of the CRC is determined based on the payload size or convolutional code rate. In some embodiments, the convolutional code-encoded D2R signal is format 2, used to indicate the chip length or switching time, and the length of the CRC is determined based on the payload size or convolutional code rate.

[0312] In some embodiments of this application, for D2R signals encoded with convolutional codes, if the length of the input bit sequence is greater than the specified maximum code block length, the input bit sequence is segmented into code blocks. Each segmented code block needs to have a CRC added, and the length of the CRC is related to the code block length, linear coding rate, backscatter link frequency, and D2R frequency resources. Specific configuration methods are shown in Table 8.

[0313] Table 8: The length of CRC is related to the block length, linear coding rate, backscatter link frequency, and D2R frequency resources.

[0314] D2R control signals encoded using convolutional codes:

[0315] Format 0: Used to indicate TBS and uplink modulation mode. The length of CRC is determined by the payload size or convolutional code rate.

[0316] Format 1: Used to indicate the status of the device, such as silent state, reflection modulation state, energy storage state, amplification state, and the length of the CRC is determined according to the payload size or convolutional code rate.

[0317] Format 2: Used to indicate slice length, switching time, etc. The length of CRC is determined by the payload size or convolutional code rate.

[0318] Eleventh Example: The Impact of Power Level on CRC:

[0319] In some embodiments of this application, the solution of the eleventh embodiment can be implemented in conjunction with the solutions of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth embodiments, or it can be implemented independently of the solutions of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth embodiments. In some embodiments of this application, the solutions of multiple embodiments can be implemented in combination or independently.

[0320] In some embodiments of this application, the use of the CRC is related to the power level. This improves system reliability and reduces the probability of collisions during device access.

[0321] In some embodiments, the transmit power level of the carrier CW signal is related to the CRC added to the D2R signal and the length of the CRC. In some embodiments, the transmit power level of the R2D signal is related to the CRC added to the R2D signal and the length of the CRC. In some embodiments, for a first device, the transmit power level of the first device depends on the transmit power level of the CW signal, and the transmit power level of the CW signal is related to the CRC added to the D2R signal and the length of the CRC. In some embodiments, for a second device, the transmit power level of the second device is determined by the use and adjustment of a reflective amplifier, and the length of the CRC depends on the length of the D2R signal or the signaling format. In some embodiments, for a third device, the transmit power level of the third device is determined by a predefined method, and the length of the CRC depends on the length of the D2R signal or the signaling format.

[0322] The impact of reader-side transmit power level on CRC:

[0323] In some embodiments of this application, the transmit power level of the CW signal affects the CRC addition and length of the D2R signal.

[0324] The use of CRC for gNB D2R signals is related to the transmit power level of CW signals. For example, Class 1 may or may not use CRC. If CRC is used, the length of CRC depends on the length of the specific D2R signal. For the signaling format, refer to the first embodiment.

[0325] For NR UEs, based on radiation control requirements for different frequency bands, NR defines the UE's transmit power level, with each transmit power level having a fixed operating frequency band. It is worth noting that the addition of a CRC to the D2R signal is related to the transmit power level of the CW signal. For example, level 1 may or may not require a CRC; if a CRC is added, its length depends on the length of the specific D2R signal and the signaling format (refer to Example 1). Similarly, level 3 has a lower transmit power, and a CRC can be added to the D2R signal.

[0326] In some embodiments of this application, the transmit power level of the R2D signal affects the addition and length of the CRC (CRC checksum) for the R2D signal. For the gNB (gamp-mounted network unit), different transmit power levels determine the use and length of the CRC. For the NR (normative UE), different transmit power levels determine the use and length of the CRC. For example, level 1 may or may not add a CRC; if a CRC is added, its length depends on the length of the specific R2D signal and the signaling format. Similarly, level 3 has a lower transmit power, so a CRC can be added to the R2D signal.

[0327] The impact of equipment-side transmit power level on CRC:

[0328] For device 1, its transmit power level depends on the transmit power level of CW. Therefore, the rules for adding CRC can refer to the definition of the transmit power level of CW signal in 1).

[0329] In some embodiments, for device 2a, its transmit power level can be determined by the use and adjustment of a reflective amplifier, and further, the rules for adding a CRC are specified. In some embodiments, a reflective amplifier is not used, and a CRC is added, the length of which depends on the length of the D2R signal and the signaling format. In some embodiments, a reflective amplifier is used. In some embodiments, the amplification gain is 0-10dB, corresponding to power level I, and a long CRC is added, the length of which depends on the length of the D2R signal and the signaling format. In some embodiments, the amplification gain is 10-15dB, corresponding to power level II, and a long CRC is added, the length of which depends on the length of the D2R signal and the signaling format. In some embodiments, the amplification gain is 15-25dB, corresponding to power level III, and a CRC may or may not be added, the length of which depends on the length of the D2R signal and the signaling format. In some embodiments, for device 2b, its transmit power level is different from that of the NR UE and needs to be redefined. In some embodiments, for power level I, for example, -10dBm, a CRC may or may not be added, the length of which depends on the length of the D2R signal and the signaling format. In some embodiments, power level II, for example -20dBm, adds a short CRC, the length of which depends on the length of the D2R signal and the signaling format. In some embodiments, power level III, for example -30dBm, adds a long CRC, the length of which depends on the length of the D2R signal and the signaling format.

[0330] Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication device 700 provided in an embodiment of this application. This wireless communication device can be a user equipment, a base station, or a network element. The wireless communication device 700 shown in Figure 10 includes a processor 710, which can call and run computer programs from memory to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application.

[0331] Optionally, as shown in FIG10, the wireless communication device 700 may further include a memory 720. The processor 710 can retrieve and run computer programs from the memory 720 to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application. The memory 720 may be a separate device independent of the processor 710, or it may be integrated into the processor 710.

[0332] Optionally, as shown in Figure 10, the wireless communication device 700 may further include a transceiver 730. The processor 710 can control the transceiver 730 to communicate with other devices. Specifically, it can send information or data to other devices or receive information or data sent by other devices. The transceiver 730 may include a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 730 may further include an antenna, and the number of antennas may be one or more.

[0333] Optionally, the wireless communication device 700 may specifically be the first communication device 110 in the embodiments of this application, and the wireless communication device 700 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the first communication device 110 in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0334] Optionally, the wireless communication device 700 may specifically be a user equipment in the embodiments of this application, and the wireless communication device 700 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the user equipment in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0335] Optionally, the wireless communication device 700 may specifically be a network element in the embodiments of this application, and the wireless communication device 700 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the network element in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0336] Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of this application. The chip 800 shown in Figure 11 includes a processor 810, which can call and run computer programs from memory to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application.

[0337] Optionally, as shown in FIG11, chip 800 may further include memory 820. Processor 810 can call and run computer programs from memory 820 to implement the methods in the embodiments of this application. Memory 820 may be a separate device independent of processor 810, or it may be integrated into processor 810.

[0338] Optionally, the chip 800 may also include an input interface 830. The processor 910 can control the input interface 830 to communicate with other devices or chips; specifically, it can acquire information or data sent by other devices or chips.

[0339] Optionally, the chip 800 may also include an output interface 840. The processor 810 can control the output interface 840 to communicate with other devices or chips, specifically, to output information or data to other devices or chips.

[0340] Optionally, the chip can be applied to the first communication device 110 in the embodiments of this application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the first communication device 110 in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0341] Optionally, the chip can be applied to the user equipment in the embodiments of this application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the user equipment in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0342] Optionally, the chip can be applied to the network element in the embodiments of this application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the mobile network element in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0343] Figure 12 is a schematic block diagram of a wireless communication system 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 12, the communication system 100 includes a second communication device 160 and a first communication device 110. The second communication device 160 can be used to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the second communication device 160 in the above method, and the first communication device 110 can be used to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the first communication device 110 in the above method. For simplicity, these will not be elaborated further here.

[0344] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps of the above method embodiments can be completed by integrated logic circuits in the processor's hardware or by software instructions.

[0345] It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. It should be noted that the memory of the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory. Embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program.

[0346] Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the network device in the embodiments of this application, and the computer program causes the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the network device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For simplicity, further details are omitted here. Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the user equipment in the embodiments of this application, and the computer program causes the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the user equipment in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For simplicity, further details are omitted here.

[0347] This application also provides a computer program product, including computer program instructions.

[0348] Optionally, the computer program product can be applied to the network device in the embodiments of this application, and the computer program instructions cause the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the network device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For simplicity, further details are omitted here. Optionally, the computer program product can be applied to the user equipment in the embodiments of this application, and the computer program instructions cause the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the user equipment in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For simplicity, further details are omitted here.

[0349] This application also provides a computer program.

[0350] Optionally, the computer program can be applied to the network device in the embodiments of this application. When the computer program runs on a computer, it causes the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the network device in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For simplicity, these will not be described in detail here. Optionally, the computer program can be applied to the user equipment in the embodiments of this application. When the computer program runs on a computer, it causes the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the user equipment in the various methods of the embodiments of this application. For simplicity, these will not be described in detail here.

[0351] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0352] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A wireless communication method, performed in a reader / writer, comprising: Send a message; Whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to the information is determined according to predefined rules.

2. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein, The information is first information, which includes paging information and / or device selection information, wherein the paging information is used to select devices that need to be inventoried, or to group the devices.

3. The wireless communication method according to claim 2, wherein, The predefined rule is a first rule, and the first rule includes at least one of the following rules: When the number of devices to be inventoried or the number of groups of devices exceeds the threshold, the CRC is added. Add the CRC according to the format of the first information; Whether to add the CRC is determined based on the bit rate, where the bit rate refers to the efficiency of linear encoding; Whether to add the CRC is determined based on the duty cycle, wherein the duty cycle of the first information represents the number of bits carrying the CRC; Whether to add the CRC depends on the data rate; Determine whether to add the CRC based on the length of the first information; and Whether to add the CRC depends on the transport block size.

4. The wireless communication method according to claim 3, wherein, When the reader sends the first information, the first information carries a device identifier ID or a group ID. The reader determines whether the first information uses the CRC and the length of the CRC according to the first rule.

5. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein, The information is first information, information used for random access, wherein the information used for random access includes random numbers and time-frequency resources for random access, or indication information used to indicate the behavior of the device.

6. The wireless communication method according to claim 5, wherein, The predefined rule is a second rule, which includes at least one of the following rules: When the number of devices to be inventoried or the number of groups of devices exceeds the threshold, the CRC is added. Whether to add the CRC is determined based on the bit rate, where the bit rate refers to the efficiency of linear encoding; Whether to add the CRC is determined based on the duty cycle, wherein the duty cycle of the first information represents the number of bits carrying the CRC; Whether to add the CRC depends on the transport block size; Determine whether to add the CRC based on the command type of the first information; and Whether to add the CRC is determined based on the false alarm rate, bit error rate, or block error rate.

7. The wireless communication method according to claim 6, wherein, The command type based on the first information includes at least one of the following types: random number for random access, preamble, control information, data information, and information for command services.

8. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, wherein, The wireless communication method further includes scrambling the temporary identifier of the information.

9. The wireless communication method according to claim 8, wherein, The scrambling conditions are related to the device type, uplink / downlink, signal characteristics, or signal length.

10. A wireless communication method, performed in a device, comprising: Send a message; Whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to the information is determined according to predefined rules.

11. The wireless communication method according to claim 10, wherein, The information is first response information, which includes at least one of the following: a random number for random access, an ACK message, and a device identifier ID.

12. The wireless communication method according to claim 11, wherein, The predefined rule is a third rule, and the third rule includes at least one of the following rules: If the first response information is a pseudo-random number, whether or not to add the CRC depends on the length of the pseudo-random number; Whether to add the CRC depends on the bit rate. Whether to add the CRC is determined based on the duty cycle; and Whether to add the CRC is determined based on the false alarm rate, bit error rate, or block error rate.

13. The wireless communication method according to claim 10, wherein, The information is a second response information, which includes the device ID.

14. The wireless communication method according to claim 13, wherein, The predefined rule is the fourth rule, which includes at least one of the following rules: Determine whether to add the CRC based on the buffer size or device type; and Whether to add the CRC depends on the length of the device ID.

15. The wireless communication method according to claim 14, wherein, The device determines whether the second response information uses the CRC and the length of the CRC according to the fourth rule.

16. The wireless communication method according to claim 10, wherein, The device simultaneously sends a first response information and a second response information in the same transmission process, and the device determines whether to use the CRC and the length of the CRC.

17. The wireless communication method according to claim 10, wherein, The length and service type of the CRC are related to the length of the random number sent by the device.

18. The wireless communication method according to claim 17, wherein, The business types include inventory management, command processing, or conflict resolution.

19. The wireless communication method according to claim 17, wherein, The length of the CRC varies with the length of the random number sent by the device, the length of the CRC is related to path loss, or the length of the CRC is related to the transmission power of the device.

20. The wireless communication method according to claim 10, wherein, When the device repeatedly sends the first response information or the second response information within a predefined / indicated time window, the device determines to add the CRC after the first response information or the second response information. The length of the CRC is related to the length of the first response information or the length of the second response information, and the length of the CRC is greater than or equal to the length of the CRC carried when the first response information or the second response information was sent in the previous time.

21. The wireless communication method according to claim 10, wherein, When the device sends a first response message or a second response message via a repeat transmission command sent by the reader / writer, the use and length of the CRC are indicated by the repeat transmission command.

22. The wireless communication method according to claim 10, wherein, When the device sends a first response message or a second response message via a retransmission command sent by the reader / writer, the use and length of the CRC are predefined. The CRC is added after the first response message or the second response message. The length of the CRC is related to the length of the first response message or the second response message, and the length of the CRC is greater than or equal to the length of the CRC carried in the previous transmission of the first response message or the second response message.

23. The wireless communication method according to claim 10, wherein, The wireless communication method further includes scrambling the temporary identifier of the information.

24. The wireless communication method according to claim 23, wherein, The scrambling conditions are related to the device type, uplink / downlink, signal characteristics, or signal length.

25. A method for wireless communication, comprising: When the device carries the D2R signal to the reader on the PDRCH, it performs CRC indication of the D2R signal through the R2D signaling carried on the PDRCH.

26. The wireless communication method according to claim 25, wherein, The CRC indication is a predefined method that determines whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code and / or the CRC length based on the signal type.

27. The wireless communication method according to claim 26, wherein, When the signal type is a preamble, the first information is added with the CRC, or the clock signal is added with the CRC, or both the first information and the clock signal are added with the CRC. The length of the CRC is related to the length, mode, or code rate of the first information or the clock signal. The mode refers to different modulation resources or different levels. The first information includes a separator or a start indicator.

28. The wireless communication method according to claim 27, wherein, When the signal type is a middle code or a suffix code, the suffix code may or may not have the CRC added, or the middle code may not have the CRC added.

29. The wireless communication method according to claim 28, wherein, If the postcode is used for uplink synchronization, then the CRC is added, the length of which depends on the length of the postcode.

30. The wireless communication method according to claim 26, wherein, When the signal type is a control field, the CRC is added, and the length of the CRC is related to the format of the control field.

31. The wireless communication method according to claim 26, wherein, When the signal type is a data field, the CRC is added to data carrying the device identifier ID, or the CRC is added to data carrying sensing data, or the CRC is not added to data that does not carry the device ID or sensing data, or the CRC is added to data carrying control information. The length of the CRC is related to the length of the device ID, the length of the sensing data, or the length of the control information.

32. The wireless communication method according to claim 26, wherein, When the signal type is a reference signal, the CRC is added, and the length of the CRC is related to the length and format of the reference signal.

33. The wireless communication method according to claim 25, wherein, The CRC indication is carried by the reader-to-device R2D preamble, R2D control signal, or reader-to-device physical channel PRDCH.

34. The wireless communication method according to claim 25, wherein, The CRC indication is determined by R2D signal indication device to reader D2R signaling to determine whether to add the CRC or configure the length of the CRC.

35. The wireless communication method according to claim 34, wherein, Whether to add the CRC or configure the length of the CRC is determined by the level, length, duty cycle, or code rate of the preamble, middle code, postcode, control information, or data information of the R2D signal.

36. The wireless communication method according to claim 25, wherein, The length of the CRC is related to the backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resources.

37. The wireless communication method according to claim 36, wherein, The indication of the backscatter link frequency or the D2R frequency resource is indicated by a predefined table.

38. The wireless communication method according to claim 36, wherein, The indication of the backscatter link frequency or the D2R frequency resource is carried by an R2D preamble, an R2D control signal, or a PRDCH.

39. The wireless communication method according to claim 36, wherein, The backscatter link frequency or the D2R frequency resource is indicated by the length, duty cycle, or level of the PRDCH information.

40. The wireless communication method according to claim 25, wherein, The use of CRC is related to the type of device and the sampling frequency offset SFO.

41. The wireless communication method according to claim 25, wherein, Determine whether to add the CRC based on the SFO.

42. The wireless communication method according to claim 41, wherein, If the CRC is added, the length of the CRC is related to the reader's estimation error and the channel coherence.

43. The wireless communication method according to claim 25, wherein, The use of CRC is related to the cyclic prefix (CP) processing.

44. The wireless communication method according to claim 43, wherein, The CP processing includes removing the CP and not removing the CP.

45. The wireless communication method according to claim 44, wherein, If the CP is removed, and the CRC is located after the CP, then the CRC is determined based on the determined CP position, and the CRC is demodulated.

46. ​​The wireless communication method according to claim 44, wherein, If the CP is removed, the CRC is independent of the position of the CP, and the length of the CRC is related to the processing of the CP.

47. The wireless communication method according to claim 44, wherein, If the CP is not removed, the length of the CRC is related to the CP.

48. The wireless communication method according to claim 25, wherein, The use of CRC is related to the convolutional coding of D2R signals.

49. The wireless communication method according to claim 48, wherein, For the convolutional code-encoded D2R signal, if the length of the input bit sequence is greater than the predefined maximum code block length, then the input bit sequence is segmented into code blocks.

50. The wireless communication method according to claim 49, wherein, The CRC is added to each segmented code block, and the length of the CRC is related to the code block length, linear coding rate, backscatter link frequency, or D2R frequency resources.

51. The wireless communication method according to claim 48, wherein, The convolutional code-encoded D2R signal is format 0, used to indicate the transport block size (TBS) or uplink modulation scheme, and the length of the CRC is determined according to the payload size or convolutional code rate.

52. The wireless communication method according to claim 48, wherein, The convolutional code-encoded D2R signal is format 1, used to indicate the status of the device, and the length of the CRC is determined according to the payload size or the convolutional code rate.

53. The wireless communication method according to claim 48, wherein, The convolutional code-encoded D2R signal is format 2, used to indicate chip length or switching time, and the length of the CRC is determined according to the payload size or convolutional code rate.

54. The wireless communication method according to claim 25, wherein, The use of the CRC is related to the power level.

55. The wireless communication method according to claim 54, wherein, The transmit power level of the carrier CW signal is related to the addition of the CRC to the D2R signal and the length of the CRC.

56. The wireless communication method according to claim 54, wherein, The transmit power level of the R2D signal is related to the addition of the CRC to the R2D signal and the length of the CRC.

57. The wireless communication method according to claim 54, wherein, For the first device, the transmit power level of the first device depends on the transmit power level of the CW signal, and the transmit power level of the CW signal is related to the addition of the CRC to the D2R signal and the length of the CRC.

58. The wireless communication method according to claim 54, wherein, For the second device, the transmit power level of the second device is determined by the use and adjustment of the reflective amplifier, and the length of the CRC depends on the length of the D2R signal or the format of the signaling.

59. The wireless communication method according to claim 54, wherein, For the third device, the transmit power level of the third device is determined by a predefined method, and the length of the CRC depends on the length of the D2R signal or the format of the signaling.

60. A wireless communication method, performed in a device, comprising: Whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to the information is determined according to predefined rules, wherein the length of the CRC and the service type are related to the length of the random number sent by the device.

61. The wireless communication method according to claim 60, wherein, The business types include inventory management, command processing, or conflict resolution.

62. The wireless communication method according to claim 60, wherein, The length of the CRC varies with the length of the random number sent by the device, the length of the CRC is related to path loss, or the length of the CRC is related to the transmission power of the device.

63. A wireless communication method, performed in a device, comprising: When the device repeatedly sends the first response information or the second response information within a predefined / indicated time window, the device determines to add the CRC after the first response information or the second response information. The length of the CRC is related to the length of the first response information or the length of the second response information, and the length of the CRC is greater than or equal to the length of the CRC carried when the first response information or the second response information was sent in the previous time.

64. The wireless communication method according to claim 63, wherein, When the device sends a first response message or a second response message via a repeat transmission command sent by the reader / writer, the use and length of the CRC are indicated by the repeat transmission command.

65. The wireless communication method according to claim 63, wherein, When the device sends a first response message or a second response message via a retransmission command sent by the reader / writer, the use and length of the CRC are predefined. The CRC is added after the first response message or the second response message. The length of the CRC is related to the length of the first response message or the second response message, and the length of the CRC is greater than or equal to the length of the CRC carried in the previous transmission of the first response message or the second response message.

66. A wireless communication method, performed in a device, comprising: Whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to the information is determined according to predefined rules, wherein the length of the CRC is related to the backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resources.

67. The wireless communication method according to claim 66, wherein, The indication of the backscatter link frequency or the D2R frequency resource is indicated by a predefined table.

68. The wireless communication method according to claim 66, wherein, The indication of the backscatter link frequency or the D2R frequency resource is carried by an R2D preamble, an R2D control signal, or a PRDCH.

69. The wireless communication method according to claim 66, wherein, The backscatter link frequency or the D2R frequency resource is indicated by the length, duty cycle, or level of the PRDCH information.

70. A wireless communication method, performed in a device, comprising: Whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to the information is determined according to predefined rules, wherein the use of the CRC is related to the device type and the sampling frequency offset (SFO).

71. The wireless communication method according to claim 70, wherein, Determine whether to add the CRC based on the SFO.

72. The wireless communication method according to claim 71, wherein, If the CRC is added, the length of the CRC is related to the reader's estimation error and the channel coherence.

73. A wireless communication method, performed in a device, comprising: Whether to add a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code to the information is determined according to predefined rules, wherein the use of the CRC is related to the Cyclic Prefix (CP) processing.

74. The wireless communication method according to claim 73, wherein, The CP processing includes removing the CP and not removing the CP.

75. The wireless communication method according to claim 74, wherein, If the CP is removed, and the CRC is located after the CP, then the CRC is determined based on the determined CP position, and the CRC is demodulated.

76. The wireless communication method according to claim 74, wherein, If the CP is removed, the CRC is independent of the position of the CP, and the length of the CRC is related to the processing of the CP.

77. The wireless communication method according to claim 74, wherein, If the CP is not removed, the length of the CRC is related to the CP.

78. A method for wireless communication, comprising: Based on the value and conditions of the random number, information is sent or received, wherein the conditions of the random number include at least one of the following: a first service, used for sending information during random access; a second service, used for sending information during positive response; or a third service, used for resolving conflicts.

79. The wireless communication method according to claim 78, wherein, The value of the random number includes a 16-bit random number, an 8-bit random number, or a first-bit random number, wherein the first-bit random number is a random number other than the 16-bit random number and the 8-bit random number.

80. The wireless communication method according to claim 78, wherein, The first service includes an inventory service, which is used to send information according to the time slot settings during random access.

81. The wireless communication method according to claim 78, wherein, The second service includes a command service for sending information when the affirmative response is received. The information when the affirmative response is received is specific information, or the information when the affirmative response is received is sent using a random number, which is a number associated with the device ID.

82. The wireless communication method according to claim 78, wherein, The third service is used for the conflicting device to send a random number to resolve the conflict after a collision occurs.

83. The wireless communication method according to claim 82, wherein, The number of bits in the random number used to resolve the conflict is less than or equal to the number of bits in the random number before the conflict.

84. The wireless communication method according to claim 82, wherein, The random number used to resolve the conflict has 8 bits, and the random number before the conflict has 16 bits.

85. A wireless communication method, performed in a device, comprising: Send response information; When a first condition is met, the response information is repeatedly sent to the reader / writer. The first condition includes that the device has not received any information sent by the reader / writer based on the response information.

86. The wireless communication method according to claim 85, wherein, The response information includes first response information and / or second response information.

87. The wireless communication method according to claim 86, wherein, The first response information and / or the second response information include the number of machines, device ID, EPC, ACK, NACK, sensing data, or any combination of the above information.

88. The wireless communication method according to claim 85, wherein, The first condition includes any one of the following: If no information is received from the reader based on the first response information and / or the second response information within the first time window, the first time window is pre-configured, or the first time window is indicated by first information and / or second information, or the first time window is indicated by additional information, including PRDCH control information and / or data information; or If the device does not receive the information sent by the reader based on the first response information and / or the second response information due to insufficient power, the device will enter the charging state and continue to send the first response information and / or the second response information within the first time window; If the first response information and / or the second response information are not resent within the first time window, then wait for the next round of inventory counting, or wait for the reader / writer to trigger before resending the first response information and / or the second response information.

89. A wireless communication method, performed in a reader / writer, comprising: Receive the first response information and / or the second response information; When the second condition is met, the reader triggers the device to send a repeated signaling message. The second condition includes the reader not receiving the first response information and / or the second response information sent by the device.

90. The wireless communication method according to claim 89, wherein, The repeat signaling includes a first transmission instruction, which instructs the device to retransmit the most recently transmitted message using a first time-frequency resource, wherein the first time-frequency resource is the same as or different from the time-frequency resource of the first response message, or the first transmission instruction includes an activation signal.

91. The wireless communication method according to claim 89, wherein, The repeated signaling includes the first response information and / or the second response information.

92. The wireless communication method according to claim 89, wherein, The first response information and / or the second response information include the number of machines, device ID, EPC, ACK, NACK, sensing data, or any combination of the above information.

93. The wireless communication method according to claim 91, wherein, The second condition includes any one of the following: The reader fails to correctly receive the first response information and / or the second response information within the second time window, where the second time window is predefined or configured by a higher layer. The reader receives information that is not the first response information or not the second response information, including charging request information and / or low power information; The response information to be repeatedly sent and the number of times to be repeatedly sent are sent according to predefined rules or instructions. The predefined rules include the length and / or format of the response information.

94. The wireless communication method according to claim 93, wherein, Incorrect reception includes: a bit error rate greater than a threshold and / or failure to receive the first response information and / or the second response information.

95. A wireless communication method, performed on a device side, comprising: Receive or send an indication of backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resources, wherein the indication of backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resources is a predefined table, a first indication, or a second indication, wherein the first indication is an explicit indication, the second indication is an implicit indication, and the predefined table is indicated by MAC CE or configured by RRC.

96. The wireless communication method according to claim 95, wherein, For the predefined table, when the R2D signal indicates the first level, the device determines the backscatter link frequency and D2R frequency resources according to the first level.

97. The wireless communication method according to claim 95, wherein, The first instruction includes any one of the following: The R2D preamble or sequence carries indicative information; R2D control signals carry indication information; The PRDCH carries instruction information.

98. The wireless communication method according to claim 97, wherein, The R2D preamble or sequence carries indication information including any one of the following: The downlink preamble or sequence carries indication information indicating the PDRCH CRC; The separator has the function of indicating the PDRCH backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resource; In addition to the separator and clock signal, the preamble or sequence also has a separate field used to indicate the PDRCH backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resources.

99. The wireless communication method according to claim 97, wherein, The indication information carried in the PRDCH includes any one of the following: The first field of PRDCH can also indicate the PDRCH backscatter link frequency or D2R frequency resource.

100. The wireless communication method according to claim 99, wherein, The first field of the PRDCH includes a data field.

101. The wireless communication method according to claim 95, wherein, The second instruction includes any one of the following information: first information, second information, and third information, wherein the first information, the second information, and the third information are any information of the PRDCH.

102. The wireless communication method according to claim 101, wherein, The first information is a preamble or sequence, the second information is control information, and the third information is data information; or the first information is a separator, the second information is a clock signal, and the third information is other information in the preamble or sequence.

103. The wireless communication method according to claim 101, wherein, The second instruction can be indicated in at least one of the following ways: The length of the first information, the second information, or the third information indicates the backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resource; The duty cycle of the first information, the second information, or the third information indicates the backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resources; The location of the high level of the first information, the second information, or the third information indicates the backscatter link frequency / D2R frequency resource; The sum of the high levels of the first information, the second information, and the third information; The product, addition, subtraction, or division of the lengths of any two of the first, second, and third information; The product, addition, subtraction, or division of the lengths of the first information, the second information, the third information, and the fourth information, wherein the length of the fourth information is different from that of the first information, the second information, and the third information.

104. A wireless communication method, performed in a reader / writer, comprising: For the first device and / or the second device, the reader sends a first signal for estimating the SFO / TO of the first device and / or the second device, and receives a second signal sent by the first device and / or the second device based on the first signal, wherein the second signal is obtained based on the first signal, and the first signal is used to indicate the time-frequency resources and modulation / coding method of the second signal.

105. The wireless communication method according to claim 104, wherein, The first device is device 1, and the second device is device 2a.

106. The wireless communication method according to claim 104, wherein, The reader estimates the SFO / TO of the first device and / or the second device based on the received second signal, and sends a third signal, wherein the third signal is used to indicate the time-frequency resources of the fourth signal, the time-frequency resources being configured based on the estimated SFO / TO of the first device and / or the second device to compensate for time-domain offset or frequency-domain offset caused by SFO / TO.

107. A wireless communication method, performed in a reader / writer, comprising: For the third device, the reader sends a first signal, which instructs the third device to measure the first signal and report the measurement of SFO / TO.

108. The wireless communication method according to claim 107, wherein, The third device is device 2b.

109. The wireless communication method according to claim 108, wherein, The reader receives the measurement results reported by the third device and sends a second signal based on the measurement results. The time-frequency resource of the second signal is a signal after SFO / TO compensation.

110. The wireless communication method according to claim 108, wherein, The reader instructs the third device to send a third signal using the second signal. The time-frequency resources are configured based on the SFO / TO measurement results reported by the third device to compensate for the time-frequency offset introduced by the SFO of the third device.

111. A wireless communication method, performed on a device, comprising: If the device removes the CP and the CRC is located after the CP, the device determines the CRC based on the determined CP position and demodulates the CRC.

112. The wireless communication method according to claim 111, wherein, After determining the CP position based on the CP position indicated by the control field and the length of the CRC, the device demodulates the CRC.

113. The wireless communication method according to claim 112, wherein, The length of the CRC is related to the CP position and the length of the signaling.

114. The wireless communication method according to claim 107, wherein, The device determines the CP position according to predefined rules, including any one of the following: A CP is added at the very beginning of each NR symbol, the phase of which may be the same as or different from the phase of the adjacent slice / symbol, or the phase of which may be the same as or different from the phase of the last slice within the same symbol; A CP is added to the very end of each NR symbol. The phase of the CP may be the same as or different from the phase of the adjacent slice / symbol, or the phase of the CP may be the same as or different from the phase of the first slice within the same symbol.

115. The wireless communication method according to claim 114, wherein, The length of the CP is greater than or equal to the minimum sampling rate of the device, or the CP is predefined.

116. The wireless communication method according to claim 114, wherein, For OOK-1, the addition of the CP is independent of the R2D OOK sequence. The device determines the position of the CP based on the SFO and the symbol length, and removes the CP.

117. The wireless communication method according to claim 114, wherein, For OOK-4, the addition of the CP affects the R2D OOK sequence. The device determines the position of the CP based on the rule that the phase of the CP is the same as or different from the phase of the adjacent slice / symbol, combined with the SFO, and removes the CP.

118. A wireless communication method, performed in a device, comprising: If the device does not remove the CP, and SFO is not considered or is compensated, then: The length of an NR symbol = M * the length of a slice, where the CP length occupies the length of the first or last slice within the NR symbol; or The length of an NR symbol = M * the length of a slice + the length of a CP, where, after adding a CP, all slices within the symbol have the same length.

119. A wireless communication method, performed in a device, comprising: If the device does not remove the CP, considering SFO, then: The length of an NR symbol = M * (length of a slice + TO), where the CP length occupies the length of the first or last slice within the NR symbol; or The length of an NR symbol = M * (length of a slice + TO) + CP length, where, after adding CP, all slices within the symbol have the same length; or The length of the NR symbol = M * (the length of a slice) + TO; or The length of the NR symbol = M * (the length of a slice) + CP length + TO.

120. A wireless communication method, performed in a reader / writer, comprising: Sending signal X and information X, wherein signal X includes at least two single-tone signals, which are used by the device to modulate and carry baseband signals; the at least two single-tone signals satisfy a first rule; the first rule is used to constrain the frequency interval between two adjacent single-tone signals; information X includes at least the reverse link frequency / frequency offset used for baseband modulation of the device, where X is a positive integer and X is greater than or equal to 1.

121. The wireless communication method according to claim 120, wherein the first rule comprises at least any one of the following: The frequency interval between two adjacent monotone signals is equal to twice the reverse link frequency / frequency offset; or The frequency interval between two adjacent single-tone signals is greater than twice the reverse link frequency / frequency offset; in, The frequency interval between two adjacent single-tone signals is related to the reverse link frequency / frequency offset used for baseband modulation of the device, the SFO, and the spectral spread factor; the spectral spread factor refers to the expansion of the device's baseband signal bandwidth when the device transmits the X+1th signal based on the Xth signal.

122. A wireless communication device, comprising: A processor and a memory for storing a computer program, the processor for calling and running the computer program stored in the memory to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 121.

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