A cervical vertebra anterior approach surgery bone taking and distraction nail and distractor capable of taking vertebral body bone

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of surgical instruments, and particularly relates to a cervical vertebra anterior approach surgery bone taking and distraction nail and a distractor. In the cervical vertebra anterior approach surgery bone taking and distraction nail, the bone taking cylinder of the bone taking assembly is inserted into the outer sleeve. When the outer sleeve is anchored, the main surgeon can operate the bone taking handle to implant the outer sleeve on the vertebra to be distracted, complete the anchoring of the outer sleeve, and in the process of implanting the outer sleeve, the vertebra bone specimen cut by the trephine of the fixed end of the outer sleeve is left in the bone taking cylinder due to the opening of the opening end of the bone taking cylinder and the internal thread, and when the bone taking assembly is taken down, the vertebra bone specimen will be taken out of the outer sleeve together with the bone taking cylinder, the taking of the vertebra bone specimen is completed, and the outer sleeve continues to be anchored on the vertebra to serve as the distraction nail. The whole bone taking process does not need to occupy additional operation time and space, the taking of the vertebra bone specimen is realized at the same time as the anchoring of the distraction nail is completed, and the cervical vertebra surgery itself is not affected by the bone taking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of surgical instrument technology, and specifically relates to a cervical anterior cervical spine surgery bone harvesting distraction screw and distractor that can preserve vertebral bone. Background Technology

[0002] Anterior cervical spine surgery is a classic procedure for treating cervical spondylosis. One of the key steps in the surgery is adequate decompression, which is crucial for symptom relief after the operation. Decompression involves removing the intervertebral disc tissue of the affected segment, grinding down the upper and lower cartilage endplates, removing the nucleus pulposus tissue protruding into the spinal canal, and removing posterior osteophytes and ossified posterior longitudinal ligaments.

[0003] However, the intervertebral space of the cervical spine is very narrow, limiting the surgical field. Therefore, the Caspar diffuser is commonly used in clinical practice to open the intervertebral space of the target cervical vertebra and make it easier for the surgeon to perform decompression operations.

[0004] Numerous clinical studies have found a series of complications following anterior cervical spine surgery, such as implant subsidence and vertebral collapse. Furthermore, research has shown that these complications are closely related to the distribution of bone in the patient. If vertebral bone specimens can be obtained during the operation, the patient's cervical spine bone can be studied directly, thereby enabling the development of a more scientific and comprehensive treatment plan.

[0005] In existing techniques, the vertebral bone specimen collection during anterior cervical spine surgery requires a separate bone retrieval procedure. This procedure takes up time and space during the anterior cervical spine surgery, increases the trauma to the vertebral body, raises the risk of bleeding, affects the anterior cervical spine surgery, and increases the surgical risk. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a bone-harvesting fixation screw for anterior cervical spine surgery that allows for the harvesting of vertebral bone, thereby solving the technical problem in the prior art where the harvesting of vertebral bone specimens during anterior cervical spine surgery requires a separate bone harvesting operation, which takes up time and space of the anterior cervical spine surgery, increases additional trauma to the vertebral body, and leads to increased surgical risks.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A bone harvesting distractor for anterior cervical spine surgery that allows for the harvesting of vertebral bone, comprising an outer sleeve and a bone harvesting assembly;

[0009] The outer sleeve is a tubular structure with openings at both ends; a piercing drill is provided at the fixed end of the outer sleeve, and the outer diameter of the piercing drill is equal to the outer diameter of the outer sleeve; a limit port is provided at the edge of the opening at the connecting end of the outer sleeve.

[0010] The bone harvesting assembly includes a bone harvesting tube and a bone harvesting handle; the bone harvesting tube is a tubular structure with one end open and the other end closed, and a bone harvesting groove parallel to the axis of the bone harvesting tube is formed on the side wall of the bone harvesting tube, and the bone harvesting groove communicates with the inner cavity of the bone harvesting tube; the outer diameter of the bone harvesting tube matches the inner diameter of the outer sleeve, and the inner diameter of the bone harvesting tube is equal to the inner diameter of the trephine; the bone harvesting handle is located at the closed end of the bone harvesting tube, and a limiting protrusion matching the limiting port is provided on the bone harvesting handle;

[0011] When the bone retrieval tube is inserted into the outer sleeve from the connecting end of the outer sleeve, and the open end of the bone retrieval tube abuts against the trephine, the limiting protrusion is engaged in the limiting opening.

[0012] To better realize the present invention, the above structure is further optimized by providing a threaded line protruding towards the axis of the bone harvesting tube on the inner sidewall.

[0013] To better realize the present invention, the above structure is further optimized by providing anti-slip texture on the outer wall of the outer sleeve, and the anti-slip texture is arranged close to the fixed end of the outer sleeve.

[0014] To better realize the present invention, the above structure is further optimized. The connecting end of the outer sleeve is provided with a connecting pipe. The diameter of the connecting pipe is smaller than the diameter of the outer sleeve. The outer wall of the connecting pipe is provided with external threads. The connecting pipe can be fixed to the working end of the spreading component with a nut.

[0015] To better realize the present invention, the above structure is further optimized, and the bone retrieval handle includes a gripping part and a connecting part;

[0016] Both the gripping part and the connecting part are rod-shaped structures. One end of the connecting part is connected to the middle part of the gripping part, the long axis of the connecting part is perpendicular to the long axis of the gripping part, and the other end of the connecting part is connected to the closed end of the bone extraction tube.

[0017] The limiting protrusion is disposed at the connection between the gripping part and the connecting part.

[0018] In addition, the present invention also provides a spreader, which includes a spreader assembly and two of the above-mentioned cervical anterior cervical surgery bone harvesting spreader screws that can retain vertebral bone.

[0019] The two working ends of the spreading component are detachably connected to the connecting ends of the outer sleeves of the two cervical anterior cervical spine bone harvesting spreading nails that can retain vertebral bone.

[0020] To better realize the present invention, further optimizations are made to the above structure. The opening component includes a sliding rod, a first opening arm and a second opening arm, and the first opening arm and the second opening arm are the two working ends of the opening component.

[0021] The slide bar is a rack;

[0022] The first spreading arm is fixedly mounted on one end of the slide rod, the long axis of the first spreading arm is perpendicular to the long axis of the slide rod, and a first sleeve is provided on the first spreading arm;

[0023] The second spreading arm is provided with a sliding sleeve, and the second spreading arm is slidably disposed on the slide rod along the length direction of the slide rod via the sliding sleeve. The second spreading arm is provided with a second sleeve. The long axis of the second spreading arm is parallel to the long axis of the first spreading arm. The sliding sleeve is provided with a through hole on the side of the slide rod corresponding to the toothed side. A gear is rotatably disposed at the through hole, and the teeth of the gear mesh with the teeth of the slide rod.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] In the cervical anterior cervical spine surgery bone harvesting distraction screw provided by this invention, the bone harvesting tube of the bone harvesting component is inserted into the outer sleeve. During the anchoring of the outer sleeve, the surgeon can operate the bone harvesting handle of the bone harvesting component to insert the outer sleeve onto the vertebra to be distracted, completing the anchoring of the outer sleeve. During the insertion of the outer sleeve, the vertebral bone specimen cut by the trephine at the fixed end of the outer sleeve remains inside the bone harvesting tube due to the opening at the opening end of the bone harvesting tube and the internal threads. When the bone harvesting component is removed, the vertebral bone specimen is removed from the outer sleeve along with the bone harvesting tube, completing the vertebral bone specimen harvesting. The outer sleeve remains anchored to the vertebral body, acting as a distraction screw. The entire bone harvesting process does not require additional surgical time and space. It achieves vertebral bone specimen harvesting while simultaneously anchoring the distraction screw in anterior cervical spine surgery, without affecting the cervical spine surgery itself due to bone harvesting. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cervical anterior approach surgery bone grafting screw that allows for the harvesting of vertebral bone.

[0028] Figure 2This is a cross-sectional view of a cervical anterior approach surgery bone-removing distraction screw that allows for the harvesting of vertebral bone tissue, according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the outer sleeve of the bone-harvesting screw in anterior cervical spine surgery, which allows for the harvesting of vertebral bone.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a bone harvesting component in anterior cervical spine surgery using a bone harvesting distractor screw that allows for the harvesting of vertebral bone.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the expander of the present invention in use.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spreading component in a spreader of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the spreading component in a spreader according to the present invention.

[0034] In the picture:

[0035] 1. Outer sleeve; 11. Limiting port; 12. Anti-slip texture; 13. Connecting pipe;

[0036] 2. Bone harvesting assembly; 21. Bone harvesting tube; 211. Threaded wire; 212. Bone harvesting groove; 22. Bone harvesting handle; 221. Grip part; 222. Connecting part; 223. Limiting protrusion;

[0037] 3. Pipe drill;

[0038] 4. Spreading assembly; 41. Slide rod; 42. First spreading arm; 43. Second spreading arm; 431. Gear. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the anterior cervical spine surgery bone harvesting distractor screw that allows for the harvesting of vertebral bone includes an outer sleeve 1 and a bone harvesting component 2; wherein,

[0043] The outer sleeve 1 is a tubular structure open at both ends; a piercing drill 3 is provided at the fixed end of the outer sleeve 1, and the outer diameter of the piercing drill 3 is equal to the outer diameter of the outer sleeve 1; a limiting port 11 is provided at the edge of the opening at the connecting end of the outer sleeve 1, see [reference]. Figure 3 ;

[0044] The bone harvesting assembly 2 includes a bone harvesting tube 21 and a bone harvesting handle 22. The bone harvesting tube 21 is a tubular structure with one end open and the other end closed. A bone harvesting groove 212 parallel to the axis of the bone harvesting tube 21 is formed on the side wall of the bone harvesting tube 21, and the bone harvesting groove 212 communicates with the inner cavity of the bone harvesting tube 21. The outer diameter of the bone harvesting tube 21 matches the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 1, and the inner diameter of the bone harvesting tube 21 is equal to the inner diameter of the trephine 3. The bone harvesting handle 22 is located at the closed end of the bone harvesting tube 21, and a limiting protrusion 223 matching the limiting port 11 is provided on the bone harvesting handle 22. (See [reference]). Figure 4 .

[0045] During the anchoring of the outer sleeve 1, the surgeon can first insert the bone harvesting tube 21 into the outer sleeve 1 through the connecting end, so that the open end of the bone harvesting tube 21 abuts against the trephine 3, and the limiting protrusion 223 is engaged in the limiting opening 11. See [reference needed]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 ;

[0046] Then, the fixed end of the outer sleeve 1 can be placed against the installation position of the expansion nail on the vertebra to be expanded, and then the bone harvesting handle 22 can be rotated to cut the vertebra to be expanded using the trephine 3 set on the outer sleeve 1, and the fixed end of the outer sleeve 1 can be anchored to the vertebra to be expanded to complete the anchoring of the outer sleeve 1.

[0047] During the implantation of the outer tube 1, the vertebral bone specimen cut by the trephine 3 will remain in the bone harvesting tube 21; when the surgeon removes the bone harvesting component 2 from the outer tube 1, the vertebral bone specimen will be removed from the outer tube 1 along with the bone harvesting tube 21, completing the vertebral bone specimen collection; then, the vertebral bone specimen in the bone harvesting tube 21 will be removed through the bone harvesting groove 212 to facilitate the study of the patient's cervical spine bone, thereby developing a more scientific and comprehensive treatment plan;

[0048] The entire bone harvesting process does not require additional surgical time and space. While obtaining vertebral bone specimens, it also anchors the distraction screws used in anterior cervical spine surgery, thereby reducing the impact of the bone harvesting process on anterior cervical spine surgery.

[0049] Install the other outer sleeve 1 onto the other vertebra to be opened in the manner described above;

[0050] Subsequently, the surgeon can connect the two working ends of the spreading component 4 to the two outer sleeves 1 respectively, in order to facilitate the subsequent intervertebral spreading operation.

[0051] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the bone retrieval tube 21 is provided with a thread 211 protruding toward the axis of the bone retrieval tube 21. The thread 211 spirals upward from the open end to the closed end of the bone retrieval tube 21, so that when the surgeon rotates the bone retrieval handle 22, the cut vertebral bone specimen can move toward the closed end of the bone retrieval tube 21 under the guidance of the thread 211, so as to better complete the extraction of the vertebral bone specimen.

[0052] It should be noted that the thread 211 is divided into left-handed and right-handed types. Taking the right-handed thread 211 as an example, when the surgeon turns the bone harvesting handle 22 clockwise, the bone harvesting tube 21 will also turn clockwise with the bone harvesting handle 22. The vertebral bone specimen that enters the bone harvesting tube 21 will move along the right-handed thread 211 toward the closed end of the bone harvesting tube 21 so as to remain inside the bone harvesting tube 21.

[0053] The operation method of the left-hand thread 211 is the opposite of that of the right-hand thread 211, and will not be explained in detail here. In actual use, the surgeon can choose the bone harvesting tube 21 that is compatible with the direction of the thread 211 according to his or her dominant hand.

[0054] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the outer sleeve 1 is provided with anti-slip texture 12, which is arranged close to the fixed end of the outer sleeve 1. See [reference needed]. Figure 1 ;

[0055] After the outer sleeve 1 is anchored, the anti-slip texture 12 on the outer sleeve 1 can fit into the cone to be stretched, so as to prevent the outer sleeve 1 from falling off the cone to be stretched, thus making the anchoring of the outer sleeve 1 more stable.

[0056] In some embodiments, the connecting end of the outer sleeve 1 is provided with a connecting pipe 13. The diameter of the connecting pipe 13 is smaller than the diameter of the outer sleeve 1. The outer wall of the connecting pipe 13 is provided with external threads. The connecting pipe 13 can be fixed to the opening arm of the opening assembly 4 with a nut, so that the connection between the connecting pipe 13 and the outer sleeve 1 forms a stepped surface. It can be fixed to the working end of the opening assembly 4 with a nut. See [reference needed] Figure 1 and Figure 5 .

[0057] In some embodiments, the bone retrieval handle 22 described above includes a gripping portion 221 and a connecting portion 222, see [link to previous document]. Figure 4 ;in,

[0058] Both the gripping part 221 and the connecting part 222 are rod-shaped structures. One end of the connecting part 222 is connected to the middle of the gripping part 221, and the long axis of the connecting part 222 is perpendicular to the long axis of the gripping part 221. The other end of the connecting part 222 is connected to the closed end of the bone harvesting tube 21, so that the gripping part 221, the connecting part 222 and the bone harvesting tube 21 form a "T" shaped component, which facilitates the surgeon's gripping and force application, and makes the use of the bone harvesting stent for anterior cervical spine surgery with vertebral bone tissue harvestable more convenient.

[0059] The aforementioned limiting protrusion 223 is provided at the connection between the gripping part 221 and the connecting part 222, see [reference]. Figure 2 and Figure 4 When the open end of the bone retrieval tube 21 is placed against the trephine 3, both the bone retrieval tube 21 and the connecting part 222 are located inside the outer sleeve 1, so as to better transmit the force to the outer sleeve 1 and easily complete the anchoring of the outer sleeve 1.

[0060] Based on the aforementioned cervical anterior cervical spine bone harvesting distraction screws that allow for the harvesting of vertebral bone, the present invention also provides a distractor, which includes a distraction component 4 and two of the aforementioned cervical anterior cervical spine bone harvesting distraction screws that allow for the harvesting of vertebral bone. (See also...) Figure 5 and Figure 6 ;in,

[0061] The two working ends of the expansion component 4 are detachably connected to the connecting ends of the outer sleeve 1 of the two cervical anterior cervical spine bone harvesting expansion screws that can retain vertebral bone.

[0062] When the outer sleeve 1 of the two vertebral bone harvesting and dispersing screws for anterior cervical spine surgery is anchored to the two vertebral bodies to be dispersed, the two working ends of the dispersing component 4 can be connected to the two outer sleeves 1 respectively. The two vertebral bodies to be dispersed are then dispersed by the dispersing component 4 to perform decompression operation in anterior cervical spine surgery.

[0063] Specifically, the aforementioned spreading assembly 4 includes a slide bar 41, a first spreading arm 42, and a second spreading arm 43, see [link / reference]. Figure 6 and Figure 7 ;in,

[0064] Slide rod 41 is a rack;

[0065] The first spreading arm 42 is fixedly installed at one end of the slide rod 41. The long axis of the first spreading arm 42 is perpendicular to the long axis of the slide rod 41. A connecting first sleeve is provided on the first spreading arm 42. The first sleeve is a tubular structure with openings at both ends. The inner diameter of the first sleeve matches the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 13.

[0066] The second expansion arm 43 is provided with a sliding sleeve, which is a ring-shaped structure. The cross-sectional shape of the sliding sleeve matches the cross-sectional shape of the sliding rod 41. The second expansion arm 43 is slidably mounted on the sliding rod 41 along the length direction of the sliding rod 41 via the sliding sleeve. The second expansion arm 43 is provided with a second sleeve, which is a tubular structure with open ends. The inner diameter of the second sleeve matches the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 13. The long axis of the second expansion arm 43 is parallel to the long axis of the first expansion arm 42. The sliding sleeve is provided with a through hole on the side of the sliding rod 41 where the teeth are provided. A gear 431 is rotatably mounted at the through hole. The teeth of the gear 431 mesh with the teeth of the sliding rod 41. A rotating handle is coaxially mounted on the gear.

[0067] In use, the surgeon can put the first sleeve on the first expansion arm 42 and the second sleeve on the second expansion arm 43 onto the connecting tube 13 of the two outer sleeves 1 respectively, and lock them with nuts to press the first sleeve and / or the second sleeve onto the stepped surface at the connection between the connecting tube 13 and the outer sleeve 1, thereby fixing the connecting tube 13.

[0068] Then, the rotating handle can be turned to drive the second spreading arm 43 to move away from the first spreading arm 42 along the length of the slide rod 41, so as to realize the spreading operation between the vertebrae.

[0069] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A cervical anterior approach bone harvesting and distraction screw for preserving vertebral body bone mass, characterized in that: Includes an outer sleeve (1) and a bone harvesting component (2); The outer sleeve (1) is a tubular structure with openings at both ends; a piercing drill (3) is provided at the fixed end of the outer sleeve (1), and the outer diameter of the piercing drill (3) is equal to the outer diameter of the outer sleeve (1); a limiting port (11) is provided at the edge of the opening at the connecting end of the outer sleeve (1). The bone harvesting assembly (2) includes a bone harvesting tube (21) and a bone harvesting handle (22). The bone harvesting tube (21) is a tubular structure with one end open and the other end closed. A bone harvesting groove (212) parallel to the axis of the bone harvesting tube (21) is provided on the side wall of the bone harvesting tube (21). The bone harvesting groove (212) communicates with the inner cavity of the bone harvesting tube (21). The outer diameter of the bone harvesting tube (21) matches the inner diameter of the outer sleeve (1). The inner diameter of the bone harvesting tube (21) is equal to the inner diameter of the trephine (3). A thread (211) protruding towards the axis of the bone harvesting tube (21) is provided on the inner side wall of the bone harvesting tube (21). The bone harvesting handle (22) is located at the closed end of the bone harvesting tube (21). A limiting protrusion (223) matching the limiting port (11) is provided on the bone harvesting handle (22). When the bone extraction tube (21) is inserted into the outer sleeve (1) through the connecting end of the outer sleeve (1), and the open end of the bone extraction tube (21) abuts against the trephine (3), the limiting protrusion (223) is locked in the limiting port (11); The outer wall of the outer sleeve (1) is provided with anti-slip texture (12), and the anti-slip texture (12) is arranged close to the fixed end of the outer sleeve (1); The connecting end of the outer sleeve (1) is provided with a connecting pipe (13). The diameter of the connecting pipe (13) is smaller than the diameter of the outer sleeve (1). The outer wall of the connecting pipe (13) is provided with an external thread. The connecting pipe (13) can be fixed to the working end of the spreading component (4) with a nut.

2. The corpectomy distractor of claim 1, wherein: The bone harvesting handle (22) includes a gripping part (221) and a connecting part (222). Both the gripping part (221) and the connecting part (222) are rod-shaped structures. One end of the connecting part (222) is connected to the middle part of the gripping part (221), the long axis of the connecting part (222) is perpendicular to the long axis of the gripping part (221), and the other end of the connecting part (222) is connected to the closed end of the bone extraction tube (21). The limiting protrusion (223) is disposed at the connection between the gripping part (221) and the connecting part (222).

3. A distractor characterized by: Includes a distraction assembly (4) and a distraction screw for anterior cervical surgery that allows for the harvesting of vertebral bone, as described in either claim 1 or 2; The two working ends of the spreading component (4) are detachably connected to the connecting ends of the outer sleeve (1) of the two cervical anterior cervical spine bone harvesting spreading nails that can retain vertebral bone.

4. The distractor of claim 3, wherein, The spreading assembly (4) includes a slide rod (41), a first spreading arm (42), and a second spreading arm (43), wherein the first spreading arm (42) and the second spreading arm (43) are the two working ends of the spreading assembly (4); The slide bar (41) is a rack; The first spreading arm (42) is fixedly installed at one end of the slide rod (41), the long axis of the first spreading arm (42) is perpendicular to the long axis of the slide rod (41), and a first sleeve is provided on the first spreading arm (42). The second opening arm (43) is provided with a sliding sleeve, and the second opening arm (43) is slidably disposed on the slide rod (41) along the length direction of the slide rod (41) through the sliding sleeve. The second opening arm (43) is provided with a second sleeve. The long axis of the second opening arm (43) is parallel to the long axis of the first opening arm (42). The sliding sleeve is provided with a through hole on the side of the slide rod (41) that is provided with teeth. A gear (431) is rotatably disposed at the through hole. The teeth of the gear (431) mesh with the teeth of the slide rod (41).

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