Method for determining monitoring position of pressure sensor and related assembly

Abstract

The invention discloses a monitoring position determination method of a pressure sensor and a related component, and relates to the field of monitoring, in the scheme, pressure response signals of water hammer waves in different propagation paths are related to characteristic parameters of the water hammer waves, and the characteristic parameters of the water hammer waves correspond to signal quality of positions where different pressure sensors are located. According to the scheme, the pressure response signals of the pressure sensors are obtained firstly, and then the characteristic parameters of the water hammer waves at the positions where the pressure sensors are located are determined according to the pressure response signals; finally, the optimal main monitoring position in the positions where the pressure sensors are located is determined based on the preset evaluation standard and the characteristic parameters of the water hammer waves of the positions where the pressure sensors are located, the accuracy of the monitoring position determination result of the pressure sensors is improved, and the accuracy of the subsequent signal analysis and fracturing diagnosis effect is also improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of monitoring, and in particular to a method for determining the monitoring location of a pressure sensor and related components. Background Technology

[0002] Tight oil and gas are important unconventional energy sources, characterized by low porosity, low permeability, and difficulty in extraction, necessitating large-scale hydraulic fracturing for development. Acquiring information on bottom-hole fracturing events and achieving monitoring and assessment of these events is a key issue during hydraulic fracturing.

[0003] Commonly used fracturing monitoring methods include microseismic monitoring, tracer analysis, and inter-well monitoring. While these technologies have been applied in fracturing field monitoring, each has its limitations. Microseismic monitoring struggles to distinguish between connected and disconnected fractures; tracers are expensive and radioactive; and inter-well monitoring requires additional processing steps. In summary, these methods suffer from high costs, complex operation, high construction difficulty, and limited real-time performance.

[0004] Water hammer pressure signal monitoring refers to the use of pressure waves induced by fluid oscillations within the wellbore during pump shutdown for monitoring and assessing bottom-hole fracturing events. The principle is that during pump shutdown, due to the inertia and compressibility of the fluid, when the wellhead pressure rapidly decreases, the fluid oscillates within the wellbore, generating pressure waves. These pressure waves propagate towards the bottom of the well and reflect, ultimately forming a series of attenuated pressure wave signals. Because wellbore parameters, formation parameters, and fracture parameters differ, the characteristics of water hammer pressure signals also vary. By collecting and analyzing these signals, bottom-hole fracturing events can be interpreted, thus enabling rapid fracturing monitoring and assessment. However, current water hammer pressure signal monitoring faces a key technical problem: the selection of sensor installation locations relies heavily on manual experience, lacking scientific evaluation methods. Signal quality varies significantly depending on the installation location; improper selection can lead to weak signals, high noise interference, and waveform distortion, severely impacting subsequent signal analysis and fracturing diagnosis. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for determining the monitoring location of a pressure sensor and related components. This solution considers that the pressure response signal of a water hammer wave under different propagation paths is related to the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave, and the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave correspond to the signal quality at different pressure sensor locations. Therefore, this solution determines the optimal main monitoring location of the pressure sensor through the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave, which improves the accuracy of the pressure sensor monitoring location determination result, and also improves the accuracy of subsequent signal analysis and fracturing diagnosis.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a method for determining the monitoring location of a pressure sensor, applied to a controller in a sensor system. The sensor system further includes: a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, and a third pressure sensor. The first pressure sensor is disposed at the wellhead of an oil or gas well; the second pressure sensor is disposed at a first preset distance from the wellhead; and the third pressure sensor is disposed at a second preset distance from the pump truck of the oil or gas well. The method includes:

[0007] The first pressure response signal, the second pressure response signal, and the third pressure response signal collected by the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor are respectively acquired. The first pressure response signal, the second pressure response signal, and the third pressure response signal are pressure response signals of water hammer waves under different propagation paths.

[0008] Based on the first pressure response signal, the second pressure response signal, and the third pressure response signal, the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor are determined respectively. The characteristic parameters include: peak pressure, effective value, signal-to-noise ratio, waveform clarity, attenuation time stability, and coefficient of variation of the water hammer wave signal corresponding to the water hammer wave.

[0009] Based on preset evaluation criteria and the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor, the optimal main monitoring position among the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is determined.

[0010] Optionally, the optimal primary monitoring position among the positions of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is determined based on preset evaluation criteria and characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor, including:

[0011] Based on each of the aforementioned characteristic parameters, determine the signal strength dimension value, noise interference dimension value, waveform integrity dimension value, and acquisition consistency dimension value of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor, respectively.

[0012] The optimal primary monitoring position among the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is determined based on the signal strength dimension value, the noise interference dimension value, the waveform integrity dimension value, and the acquisition consistency dimension value.

[0013] Optionally, based on each of the aforementioned characteristic parameters, the signal strength dimension value, noise interference dimension value, waveform integrity dimension value, and acquisition consistency dimension value of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor are determined respectively, including:

[0014] Determine the first sub-weight corresponding to the peak pressure of the water hammer wave signal corresponding to the signal strength dimension value, and the second sub-weight corresponding to the effective value of the water hammer wave signal;

[0015] The signal strength dimension values ​​of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor are determined based on the peak pressure of the water hammer wave signal, the effective value of the water hammer wave signal, the first sub-weight, and the second sub-weight.

[0016] Determine the third sub-weight corresponding to the signal-to-noise ratio of the water hammer wave signal corresponding to the noise interference dimension value;

[0017] The noise interference dimension values ​​of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor are determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio of the water hammer wave signal and the third sub-weight.

[0018] Determine the fourth sub-weight corresponding to the waveform clarity of the water hammer wave signal and the fifth sub-weight corresponding to the attenuation time stability of the water hammer wave signal, based on the waveform integrity dimension value.

[0019] The waveform integrity dimension values ​​of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor are determined based on the waveform clarity of the water hammer wave signal, the attenuation time stability of the water hammer wave signal, the fourth sub-weight, and the fifth sub-weight.

[0020] Determine the sixth sub-weight corresponding to the coefficient of variation of the water hammer wave signal corresponding to the acquisition consistency dimension value;

[0021] The acquisition consistency dimension value of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is determined based on the coefficient of variation of the water hammer wave signal and the sixth sub-weight.

[0022] Optionally, the signal strength dimension values ​​of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor are determined based on the peak pressure of the water hammer wave signal, the effective value of the water hammer wave signal, the first sub-weight, and the second sub-weight, including:

[0023] A first magnitude relationship is determined between the peak pressure of the water hammer wave signal and a preset peak pressure, and a first sub-score corresponding to the peak pressure is determined based on the first magnitude relationship;

[0024] Determine a second magnitude relationship between the effective value of the water hammer wave signal and a preset effective value, and determine a second sub-score corresponding to the effective value based on the second magnitude relationship;

[0025] The signal strength dimension value is determined based on the first sub-score, the second sub-score, the first sub-weight, and the second sub-weight;

[0026] Accordingly, the noise interference dimension value of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio of the water hammer wave signal and the third sub-weight, including:

[0027] A third relationship is determined between the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the water hammer wave signal and a preset SNR, and a third sub-score corresponding to the SNR is determined based on the third relationship.

[0028] The noise interference dimension value is determined based on the third sub-score and the third sub-weight.

[0029] Accordingly, based on the waveform clarity of the water hammer wave signal, the attenuation time stability of the water hammer wave signal, the fourth sub-weight, and the fifth sub-weight, the waveform integrity dimension value of the positions of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is determined, including:

[0030] Determine the fourth magnitude relationship between the waveform sharpness of the water hammer wave signal and the preset waveform sharpness, and determine the fourth sub-score corresponding to the waveform sharpness based on the fourth magnitude relationship;

[0031] The fifth magnitude relationship between the attenuation time stability of the water hammer wave signal and the preset attenuation time stability is determined, and the fifth sub-score corresponding to the attenuation time stability is determined according to the fifth magnitude relationship;

[0032] The waveform integrity dimension value is determined based on the fourth sub-score, the fifth sub-score, the fourth sub-weight, and the fifth sub-weight;

[0033] Accordingly, based on the coefficient of variation of the water hammer wave signal and the sixth sub-weight, the acquisition consistency dimension value of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is determined, including:

[0034] Determine the sixth magnitude relationship between the coefficient of variation of the water hammer wave signal and the preset coefficient of variation, and determine the sixth sub-score corresponding to the coefficient of variation based on the sixth magnitude relationship;

[0035] The collection consistency dimension value is determined based on the sixth sub-score and the sixth sub-weight.

[0036] Optionally, the optimal primary monitoring position among the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is determined based on each of the signal strength dimension value, each of the noise interference dimension value, each of the waveform integrity dimension value, and each of the acquisition consistency dimension value, including:

[0037] Determine the first weight corresponding to the signal strength dimension value, the second weight corresponding to the noise interference dimension value, the third weight corresponding to the waveform integrity dimension value, and the fourth weight corresponding to the acquisition consistency dimension value;

[0038] A first score corresponding to the signal strength dimension value is determined based on the first weight and the signal strength dimension value;

[0039] The second score corresponding to the noise interference dimension value is determined based on the second weight and the noise interference dimension value;

[0040] The third score corresponding to the waveform integrity dimension value is determined based on the third weight and the waveform integrity dimension value.

[0041] The fourth score corresponding to the collection consistency dimension value is determined based on the fourth weight and the collection consistency dimension value.

[0042] Determine the scores and values ​​of the first score, the second score, the third score, and the fourth score;

[0043] The location of the pressure sensor corresponding to the maximum score and value of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is taken as the optimal main monitoring location.

[0044] Optionally, after determining the optimal primary monitoring position among the positions of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor based on preset evaluation criteria and the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor, the method further includes:

[0045] The first time difference at which the water hammer phenomenon occurs at the corresponding positions of the first sensor and the second sensor is determined. The first sensor refers to the pressure sensor ranked first according to the preset evaluation criteria, and the second sensor refers to the pressure sensor ranked second according to the preset evaluation criteria.

[0046] Determine the second time difference in which water hammer occurs at the corresponding positions of the first and third sensors, wherein the third sensor refers to the pressure sensor ranked third according to the preset evaluation criteria;

[0047] Determine the third time difference between the locations where water hammer occurs at the corresponding positions of the second and third sensors;

[0048] Determine the first linear mounting distance between the first sensor and the second sensor;

[0049] Determine the second linear mounting distance between the first sensor and the third sensor;

[0050] Determine the third linear mounting distance between the second sensor and the third sensor;

[0051] The first water hammer velocity, the second water hammer velocity, and the third water hammer velocity at the corresponding positions of the first sensor and the second sensor are determined based on the first time difference, the second time difference, the third time difference, the first linear installation distance, the second linear installation distance, and the third linear installation distance, respectively.

[0052] The array water wave velocity is determined based on the first water wave velocity, the second water wave velocity, the third water wave velocity, the fifth weight corresponding to the first sensor, the sixth weight corresponding to the second sensor, and the seventh weight corresponding to the third sensor.

[0053] Optionally, the first water hammer wave velocity, the second water hammer wave velocity, and the third water hammer wave velocity at the corresponding positions of the first sensor and the second sensor are determined based on the first time difference, the second time difference, the third time difference, the first linear installation distance, the second linear installation distance, and the third linear installation distance, respectively, including:

[0054] The ratio of the first straight-line installation distance to the first time difference is taken as the first water hammer wave velocity;

[0055] The ratio of the second linear installation distance to the second time difference is taken as the second water hammer wave velocity;

[0056] The ratio of the third straight-line installation distance to the third time difference is taken as the third water hammer wave velocity.

[0057] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention also provides a pressure sensor monitoring location determination device, applied to a controller in a sensor system. The sensor system further includes: a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, and a third pressure sensor. The first pressure sensor is disposed at the wellhead of the oil / gas well; the second pressure sensor is disposed at a first preset distance from the wellhead; and the third pressure sensor is disposed at a second preset distance from the pump truck of the oil / gas well. The device includes:

[0058] The acquisition module is used to acquire the first pressure response signal, the second pressure response signal, and the third pressure response signal collected by the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor, respectively. The first pressure response signal, the second pressure response signal, and the third pressure response signal are pressure response signals of water hammer waves under different propagation paths.

[0059] The first determining module is used to determine the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor based on the first pressure response signal, the second pressure response signal, and the third pressure response signal, respectively. The characteristic parameters include: peak pressure, effective value, signal-to-noise ratio, waveform clarity, attenuation time stability, and coefficient of variation of the water hammer wave signal corresponding to the water hammer wave.

[0060] The second determining module is used to determine the optimal main monitoring position among the positions of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor based on preset evaluation criteria and the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor.

[0061] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention also provides a sensor system, comprising:

[0062] A first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, and a third pressure sensor are provided. The first pressure sensor is located at the wellhead of the oil and gas well, the second pressure sensor is located at a first preset distance from the wellhead, and the third pressure sensor is located at a second preset distance from the pump truck of the oil and gas well.

[0063] A controller is used to execute the computer program to implement the steps of the pressure sensor monitoring position determination method as described above.

[0064] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the pressure sensor monitoring position determination method as described above.

[0065] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for determining the monitoring location of a pressure sensor and related components. This solution considers that the pressure response signal of a water hammer wave under different propagation paths is related to the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave, and the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave correspond to the signal quality at different pressure sensor locations. Therefore, this solution first obtains the pressure response signal of each pressure sensor, then determines the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at each pressure sensor location based on the pressure response signal, and finally determines the optimal main monitoring location among the locations of each pressure sensor based on preset evaluation criteria and the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at each pressure sensor location. This improves the accuracy of the pressure sensor monitoring location determination result, and also improves the accuracy of subsequent signal analysis and fracturing diagnosis. Attached Figure Description

[0066] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0067] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for determining the monitoring location of a pressure sensor provided by the present invention;

[0068] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the specific steps of a method for installing a pressure sensor during fracturing operations, provided by the present invention.

[0069] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a pressure sensor monitoring position determination device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0070] The core of this invention is to provide a method for determining the monitoring location of a pressure sensor and related components. This solution considers that the pressure response signal of water hammer waves under different propagation paths is related to the characteristic parameters of the water hammer waves, and the characteristic parameters of the water hammer waves correspond to the signal quality at different pressure sensor locations. Therefore, this solution determines the optimal main monitoring location of the pressure sensor through the characteristic parameters of the water hammer waves, which improves the accuracy of the pressure sensor monitoring location determination result, and also improves the accuracy of subsequent signal analysis and fracturing diagnosis.

[0071] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This invention provides a process flowchart for determining the monitoring location of a pressure sensor. The method is applied to a controller in a sensor system, which further includes a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, and a third pressure sensor. The first pressure sensor is positioned at the wellhead of an oil or gas well, the second pressure sensor is positioned at a first preset distance from the wellhead, and the third pressure sensor is positioned at a second preset distance from the pump truck of the oil or gas well. The method includes:

[0073] S11: Acquire the first pressure response signal, the second pressure response signal, and the third pressure response signal collected by the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor, respectively. The first pressure response signal, the second pressure response signal, and the third pressure response signal are the pressure response signals of the water hammer wave under different propagation paths.

[0074] S12: Determine the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at the location of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor based on the first pressure response signal, the second pressure response signal, and the third pressure response signal, respectively. The characteristic parameters include: peak pressure, effective value, signal-to-noise ratio, waveform clarity, attenuation time stability, and coefficient of variation of the water hammer wave signal corresponding to the water hammer wave.

[0075] S13: Determine the optimal main monitoring position among the positions of the first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor, and third pressure sensor based on the preset evaluation criteria and the characteristic parameters of the water hammer waves at the locations of the first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor, and third pressure sensor.

[0076] In this invention, considering that the pressure response signal of water hammer wave under different propagation paths is related to the characteristic parameters of water hammer wave, and that the characteristic parameters of water hammer wave correspond to the signal quality at different pressure sensor locations, this scheme first obtains the first pressure response signal, second pressure response signal, and third pressure response signal collected by the first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor, and third pressure sensor in the sensor system, respectively. The pressure response signal represents the pressure response signal of water hammer wave under different propagation paths. Then, based on the first pressure response signal, second pressure response signal, and third pressure response signal, the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at the locations of the first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor, and third pressure sensor are determined. Finally, based on preset evaluation criteria and the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at the locations of the first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor, and third pressure sensor, the optimal main monitoring position among the locations of the first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor, and third pressure sensor is determined. That is, based on the principle that the characteristic parameters of water hammer wave correspond to the signal quality at different pressure sensor locations, the position corresponding to the pressure sensor with the best signal quality is selected as the optimal main monitoring position, thereby improving the accuracy of the pressure sensor monitoring position determination result and also improving the accuracy of subsequent signal analysis and fracturing diagnosis.

[0077] It should be noted that the specific steps for installing pressure sensors during fracturing operations are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the sensor system includes three water hammer monitoring locations: the wellhead (first sensor), a location 5m from the wellhead (second sensor), and a location 15m from the pump truck (third sensor). Each location is equipped with a standardized pressure sensor interface, and the three locations can be changed as needed; this application does not impose any specific limitations on these locations. Three high-frequency pressure sensors are installed at the three locations respectively to synchronously acquire pressure response signals of the water hammer along different propagation paths. The sensor system also includes a data acquisition module connected to the three sensors to receive and synchronously store the pressure response signals from the three locations in real time, recording the signal acquisition timestamps and location association information. The controller in the sensor system is used to extract the characteristic parameters of the water hammer at each location (including peak pressure, effective value, decay time, oscillation period, and dominant frequency). Based on a preset multi-dimensional evaluation system, the water hammer signal quality at the three locations is quantitatively scored and ranked, and the optimal primary monitoring location is selected based on the comprehensive quality score. In addition, the controller can also calculate the water hammer velocities of the first and second sensors, the first and third sensors, and the second and third sensors based on the water hammer wave velocity calculation method of the sensor array, and combine the signal quality ranking results of the signal analysis and evaluation module to calculate the array water hammer wave velocity through weight allocation.

[0078] It should also be noted that the solution provided by this invention has the following advantages: (1) Strong scientific rigor: It establishes a systematic signal quality evaluation system, eliminating the subjectivity of traditional manual experience in point selection; (2) Good practicality: The technical solution is simple and practical, requiring no complex equipment or algorithms, and adaptable to complex well site environments; (3) High reliability: Through multi-point comparison and repeated measurements, the reliability and stability of the results are improved; (4) Excellent cost-effectiveness: It helps optimize sensor configuration and reduces system costs while ensuring monitoring effectiveness; (5) Strong guidance: It provides a high-quality data foundation for subsequent water hammer signal analysis and fracturing diagnosis. Through the application of this invention, the quality and effect of water hammer signal monitoring can be significantly improved, providing more reliable technical support for fracturing construction.

[0079] This embodiment provides a method for determining the monitoring location of a pressure sensor. This method considers that the pressure response signal of a water hammer wave under different propagation paths is related to the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave, and these characteristic parameters correspond to the signal quality at different pressure sensor locations. Therefore, this method first acquires the pressure response signal of each pressure sensor, then determines the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at each pressure sensor location based on the pressure response signal, and finally determines the optimal main monitoring location among the pressure sensor locations based on preset evaluation criteria and the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at each pressure sensor location. This improves the accuracy of the pressure sensor monitoring location determination result, and also improves the accuracy of subsequent signal analysis and fracturing diagnosis.

[0080] Based on the above embodiments:

[0081] As an optional embodiment, the optimal primary monitoring position among the locations of the first, second, and third pressure sensors is determined based on preset evaluation criteria and characteristic parameters of the water hammer waves at the locations of the first, second, and third pressure sensors, including:

[0082] Based on each characteristic parameter, determine the signal strength dimension value, noise interference dimension value, waveform integrity dimension value, and acquisition consistency dimension value of the location of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor, respectively.

[0083] The optimal main monitoring position among the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is determined based on the values ​​of each signal strength dimension, each noise interference dimension, each waveform integrity dimension, and each acquisition consistency dimension.

[0084] In this invention, considering that the signal strength, noise interference, waveform integrity, and acquisition consistency of the pressure sensor location are related to the signal quality of different pressure sensor locations, in order to select the location of the pressure sensor with the best signal quality as the optimal primary monitoring location, it is necessary to first determine the signal strength, noise interference, waveform integrity, and acquisition consistency of the first, second, and third pressure sensors based on each characteristic parameter. Then, based on each signal strength, noise interference, waveform integrity, and acquisition consistency value, the optimal primary monitoring location among the first, second, and third pressure sensors is determined, ensuring the integrity of the solution.

[0085] As an optional embodiment, the signal strength dimension value, noise interference dimension value, waveform integrity dimension value, and acquisition consistency dimension value of the locations of the first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor, and third pressure sensor are determined according to each characteristic parameter, including:

[0086] Determine the first sub-weight corresponding to the peak pressure of the water hammer signal and the second sub-weight corresponding to the effective value of the water hammer signal, based on the signal strength dimension value.

[0087] The signal strength dimension values ​​of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor are determined based on the peak pressure of the water shock wave signal, the effective value of the water shock wave signal, the first sub-weight, and the second sub-weight.

[0088] Determine the third sub-weight corresponding to the signal-to-noise ratio of the water hammer signal corresponding to the noise interference dimension value;

[0089] The noise interference dimension values ​​of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor are determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio of the water hammer wave signal and the third sub-weight.

[0090] The fourth sub-weight corresponding to the waveform sharpness of the water hammer signal and the fifth sub-weight corresponding to the decay time stability of the water hammer signal are determined according to the waveform integrity dimension value.

[0091] The waveform integrity dimension values ​​of the locations of the first, second, and third pressure sensors are determined based on the waveform clarity of the water hammer wave signal, the stability of the attenuation time of the water hammer wave signal, the fourth sub-weight, and the fifth sub-weight.

[0092] Determine the sixth sub-weight corresponding to the coefficient of variation of the water hammer wave signal corresponding to the acquisition consistency dimension value;

[0093] The acquisition consistency dimension value of the locations of the first, second, and third pressure sensors is determined based on the coefficient of variation of the water hammer wave signal and the sixth sub-weight.

[0094] In this invention, considering that the signal strength dimension corresponds to the peak pressure and RMS value of the water hammer wave signal, the noise interference dimension corresponds to the signal-to-noise ratio of the water hammer wave signal, the waveform integrity dimension corresponds to the waveform clarity and attenuation time stability of the water hammer wave signal, and the acquisition consistency dimension corresponds to the coefficient of variation of the water hammer wave signal, and that peak pressure, RMS value, signal-to-noise ratio, waveform clarity, attenuation time stability, and coefficient of variation each have their own corresponding weights, meaning that the correlation between peak pressure, RMS value, signal-to-noise ratio, waveform clarity, attenuation time stability, and coefficient of variation and the signal strength dimension, noise interference dimension, waveform integrity dimension, and acquisition consistency dimension are different, this scheme chooses to determine the sub-weights corresponding to peak pressure, RMS value, signal-to-noise ratio, waveform clarity, attenuation time stability, and coefficient of variation respectively, and then combine the specific values ​​of peak pressure, RMS value, signal-to-noise ratio, waveform clarity, attenuation time stability, and coefficient of variation to determine the signal strength dimension, noise interference dimension, waveform integrity dimension, and acquisition consistency dimension at the locations of the first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor, and third pressure sensor, thus ensuring the integrity of the scheme.

[0095] As an optional embodiment, the signal strength dimension values ​​at the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor are determined based on the peak pressure of the water hammer signal, the effective value of the water hammer signal, the first sub-weight, and the second sub-weight, including:

[0096] A first magnitude relationship is determined between the peak pressure of the water hammer wave signal and a preset peak pressure, and a first sub-score corresponding to the peak pressure is determined based on the first magnitude relationship;

[0097] Determine the second magnitude relationship between the effective value of the water hammer wave signal and the preset effective value, and determine the second sub-score corresponding to the effective value based on the second magnitude relationship;

[0098] The signal strength dimension value is determined based on the first sub-score, the second sub-score, the first sub-weight, and the second sub-weight.

[0099] Accordingly, based on the signal-to-noise ratio of the water hammer wave signal and the third sub-weight, the noise interference dimension values ​​of the locations of the first, second, and third pressure sensors are determined, including:

[0100] Determine the third magnitude relationship between the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the water hammer wave signal and the preset SNR, and determine the third sub-score corresponding to the SNR based on the third magnitude relationship;

[0101] The noise interference dimension value is determined based on the third sub-score and the third sub-weight.

[0102] Accordingly, based on the waveform clarity of the water hammer wave signal, the attenuation time stability of the water hammer wave signal, the fourth sub-weight, and the fifth sub-weight, the waveform integrity dimension values ​​of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor are determined, including:

[0103] Determine the fourth magnitude relationship between the waveform sharpness of the water hammer wave signal and the preset waveform sharpness, and determine the fourth sub-score corresponding to the waveform sharpness based on the fourth magnitude relationship;

[0104] The fifth magnitude relationship between the attenuation time stability of the water hammer wave signal and the preset attenuation time stability is determined, and the fifth sub-score corresponding to the attenuation time stability is determined based on the fifth magnitude relationship.

[0105] The waveform integrity dimension value is determined based on the fourth sub-score, the fifth sub-score, the fourth sub-weight, and the fifth sub-weight.

[0106] Accordingly, based on the coefficient of variation of the water hammer wave signal and the sixth sub-weight, the acquisition consistency dimension values ​​of the locations of the first, second, and third pressure sensors are determined, including:

[0107] Determine the sixth magnitude relationship between the coefficient of variation of the water hammer wave signal and the preset coefficient of variation, and determine the sixth sub-score corresponding to the coefficient of variation based on the sixth magnitude relationship;

[0108] The consistency dimension value is determined based on the sixth sub-score and the sixth sub-weight.

[0109] In this invention, considering that the sub-scores corresponding to peak pressure, RMS value, signal-to-noise ratio, waveform clarity, decay time stability, and coefficient of variation are related to their respective preset thresholds, for example, it is necessary to determine the first magnitude relationship between the peak pressure of the water hammer wave signal and the preset peak pressure, and then determine the first sub-score corresponding to the peak pressure based on the first magnitude relationship; therefore, it is necessary to first determine the sub-scores corresponding to peak pressure, RMS value, signal-to-noise ratio, waveform clarity, decay time stability, and coefficient of variation, and then combine the sub-weights corresponding to peak pressure, RMS value, signal-to-noise ratio, waveform clarity, decay time stability, and coefficient of variation, so as to accurately obtain the signal strength dimension value, noise interference dimension value, waveform integrity dimension value, and acquisition consistency dimension value of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor, thus ensuring the integrity of the solution.

[0110] As an optional embodiment, the optimal main monitoring position among the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is determined based on the values ​​of each signal strength dimension, each noise interference dimension, each waveform integrity dimension, and each acquisition consistency dimension, including:

[0111] Determine the first weight corresponding to the signal strength dimension value, the second weight corresponding to the noise interference dimension value, the third weight corresponding to the waveform integrity dimension value, and the fourth weight corresponding to the acquisition consistency dimension value;

[0112] The first score corresponding to the signal strength dimension value is determined based on the first weight and the signal strength dimension value.

[0113] The second score corresponding to the noise interference dimension value is determined based on the second weight and the noise interference dimension value.

[0114] The third score corresponding to the waveform integrity dimension value is determined based on the third weight and the waveform integrity dimension value.

[0115] The fourth score corresponding to the collection consistency dimension value is determined based on the fourth weight and the collection consistency dimension value.

[0116] Determine the scores and values ​​for the first, second, third, and fourth ratings;

[0117] The location of the pressure sensor corresponding to the maximum score and value of the first, second, and third pressure sensors is taken as the optimal primary monitoring location.

[0118] In this invention, to determine whether the location corresponding to the pressure sensor is the optimal primary monitoring location, a multi-dimensional evaluation system needs to be considered. This system includes the specific values ​​of signal strength, noise interference, waveform integrity, and acquisition consistency, as well as their correlation (weights) with the optimal primary monitoring location. Therefore, to ensure the rationality of the multi-dimensional evaluation system, it is necessary to first determine the first weight corresponding to the signal strength dimension, the second weight corresponding to the noise interference dimension, the third weight corresponding to the waveform integrity dimension, and the fourth weight corresponding to the acquisition consistency dimension. Then, by combining the determined first, second, third, and fourth weights with the specific values ​​of the signal strength, noise interference, waveform integrity, and acquisition consistency dimensions, the scores and values ​​corresponding to the first, second, and third pressure sensors can be obtained. Finally, the location of the pressure sensor with the maximum score and value is taken as the optimal primary monitoring location, thus improving the reliability and accuracy of the solution.

[0119] It should be noted that the multi-dimensional evaluation system adopted in this application includes four evaluation dimensions and corresponding weights. The indicators of each dimension are standardized to a score of 0-100, and then weighted and summed to obtain a comprehensive quality score, which is then divided into four quality levels:

[0120] (1) Signal strength dimension (weight 30%):

[0121] Peak pressure (PMAX): Weight 18%. Full marks are awarded when PMAX is ≥ 90% of the design value. 20 points are deducted for every 5% decrease. 0 points are awarded when PMAX is below 60%.

[0122] Effective Value (PRMS): Weighted at 12%, full marks are awarded when PRMS is ≥ 85% of the design value, 20 points are deducted for every 5% decrease, and 0 marks are awarded when PRMS is below 55%.

[0123] (2) Noise Interference Level Dimension (Weight 25%):

[0124] Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR): Full marks are awarded when SNR is ≥ 30dB, 50 points are deducted for every 5dB decrease, and 0 marks are awarded when SNR is below 20dB;

[0125] (3) Waveform integrity dimension (weight 30%):

[0126] Waveform clarity (C): Weight 15%, full marks are obtained when C≥90, 20 points are deducted for every 5 points decrease, and 0 marks are obtained when C is below 65;

[0127] Decay Time Stability (T50): Weight 15%, full marks are given when T50 fluctuation is ≤5%, 30 marks are deducted for every 2% increase, and 0 marks are given if it exceeds 15%;

[0128] (4) Data consistency dimension (weight 15%):

[0129] Coefficient of variation (CV): Full marks are awarded when CV ≤ 3%, 25 marks are deducted for each additional 1%, and 0 marks are awarded when CV exceeds 10%.

[0130] The overall quality rating criteria are as follows:

[0131] Excellent (≥85 points): All individual indicators reach more than 80% of the full score in this dimension;

[0132] Good grade (70-84 points): Signal strength ≥75%, noise interference ≥70%, waveform integrity ≥75%, acquisition consistency ≥70%;

[0133] Intermediate (55-69 points): Signal strength ≥60%, noise interference ≥55%, waveform integrity ≥60%, acquisition consistency ≥55%;

[0134] Poor grade (<55 points): Signal quality that does not meet the intermediate standard.

[0135] As an optional embodiment, after determining the optimal main monitoring position among the locations of the first, second, and third pressure sensors based on preset evaluation criteria and the characteristic parameters of the water hammer waves at the locations of the first, second, and third pressure sensors, the method further includes:

[0136] The first time difference at which the water hammer phenomenon occurs at the corresponding positions of the first sensor and the second sensor is determined. The first sensor refers to the pressure sensor ranked first according to the preset evaluation criteria, and the second sensor refers to the pressure sensor ranked second according to the preset evaluation criteria.

[0137] The second time difference at which water hammer occurs at the corresponding positions of the first and third sensors is determined; the third sensor refers to the pressure sensor ranked third according to the preset evaluation criteria.

[0138] Determine the third time difference between the locations where water hammer occurs at the corresponding positions of the second and third sensors;

[0139] Determine the first linear mounting distance between the first sensor and the second sensor;

[0140] Determine the second linear mounting distance between the first sensor and the third sensor;

[0141] Determine the third linear mounting distance between the second and third sensors;

[0142] The first water hammer wave velocity, the second water hammer wave velocity, and the third water hammer wave velocity at the corresponding positions of the first and second sensors are determined based on the first time difference, the second time difference, the third time difference, the first linear installation distance, the second linear installation distance, and the third linear installation distance, respectively.

[0143] The array water hammer velocity is determined based on the first water hammer velocity, the second water hammer velocity, the third water hammer velocity, the fifth weight corresponding to the first sensor, the sixth weight corresponding to the second sensor, and the seventh weight corresponding to the third sensor.

[0144] In this invention, considering that the water hammer wave velocities corresponding to the first, second, and third pressure sensors are related to the subsequent water hammer wave signal processing scheme, this scheme, after determining the optimal main monitoring position among the positions of the first, second, and third pressure sensors, will also determine the time difference of the occurrence of water hammer phenomena at the corresponding positions of the three pressure sensors according to the ranking of preset evaluation criteria, determine the straight-line installation distance between the three pressure sensors, and determine the water hammer wave velocity between the three sensors based on the corresponding time difference and straight-line installation distance, and finally determine the array water hammer wave velocity corresponding to the three pressure sensors, which facilitates the determination of the subsequent water hammer wave signal processing scheme.

[0145] As an optional embodiment, the first water hammer wave velocity, the second water hammer wave velocity, and the third water hammer wave velocity at the corresponding positions of the first and second sensors are determined based on the first time difference, the second time difference, the third time difference, the first linear installation distance, the second linear installation distance, and the third linear installation distance, respectively, including:

[0146] The ratio of the first linear installation distance to the first time difference is taken as the first water hammer wave velocity;

[0147] The ratio of the second linear installation distance to the second time difference is taken as the second water hammer wave velocity;

[0148] The ratio of the third straight-line installation distance to the third time difference is taken as the third water hammer wave velocity.

[0149] In this invention, the ratio of the first linear installation distance to the first time difference is used as the first water hammer wave velocity. Similarly, the ratio of the second linear installation distance to the second time difference is used as the second water hammer wave velocity, and the ratio of the third linear installation distance to the third time difference is used as the third water hammer wave velocity. This accurately obtains the first water hammer wave velocity at the corresponding positions of the first and second sensors, the second water hammer wave velocity at the corresponding positions of the first and third sensors, and the third water hammer wave velocity at the corresponding positions of the second and third sensors, ensuring the integrity of the solution.

[0150] It should be noted that the water hammer wave velocity calculation method based on the sensor array calculates the water hammer wave velocity using signal data from three sensors. Specifically, this includes: determining the time difference between the occurrence of water hammer phenomena at the first and second sensors, the first and third sensors, and the second and third sensors (by comparing the timestamp difference of the characteristic peak value of the first water hammer wave); clarifying the installation spacing between each sensor (the straight-line distance between the first and second sensors is 5m from the wellhead, the straight-line distance between the first and third sensors is 15m from the wellhead to the pump truck, and the straight-line distance between the second and third sensors is 5m from the wellhead to the pump truck); calculating the water hammer wave velocity between each pair of sensors (a12=d12 / t12, a13=d13 / t13, a23=d23 / t23); and combining the signal quality ranking results from the signal analysis and evaluation module, weighting the wave velocities of the first and second sensors, the first and third sensors, and the combination of the second and third sensors with weights of 0.6, 0.3, and 0.1 to obtain the array water hammer wave velocity a0. For example, if the signal quality is ranked as sensor X > sensor Y > sensor Z, then the water hammer wave velocity of the combination of the first and second sensors is aXY, the water hammer wave velocity of the combination of the first and third sensors is aXZ, the water hammer wave velocity of the combination of the second and third sensors is aYZ, and the array water hammer wave velocity a0: a0 = 0.6 × aXY + 0.3 × aXZ + 0.1 × aYZ.

[0151] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This invention provides a schematic diagram of a pressure sensor monitoring location determination device. The device is used in a controller within a sensor system. The sensor system further includes a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, and a third pressure sensor. The first pressure sensor is positioned at the wellhead of the oil / gas well, the second pressure sensor is positioned at a first preset distance from the wellhead, and the third pressure sensor is positioned at a second preset distance from the pump truck of the oil / gas well. The device includes:

[0152] The acquisition module 11 is used to acquire the first pressure response signal, the second pressure response signal, and the third pressure response signal collected by the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor, respectively. The first pressure response signal, the second pressure response signal, and the third pressure response signal are the pressure response signals of the water hammer wave under different propagation paths.

[0153] The first determining module 12 is used to determine the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at the location of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor based on the first pressure response signal, the second pressure response signal, and the third pressure response signal, respectively. The characteristic parameters include: peak pressure, effective value, signal-to-noise ratio, waveform clarity, attenuation time stability, and coefficient of variation of the water hammer wave signal corresponding to the water hammer wave.

[0154] The second determining module 13 is used to determine the optimal main monitoring position among the positions of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor based on preset evaluation criteria and the characteristic parameters of the water hammer waves at the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor.

[0155] The pressure sensor monitoring position determination device provided in this embodiment corresponds to the above method, and therefore has the same beneficial effects as the above method. Therefore, for the embodiment of the pressure sensor monitoring position determination device, please refer to the description of the embodiment in the method section, which will not be repeated here.

[0156] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention also provides a sensor system, comprising:

[0157] The system comprises a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, and a third pressure sensor. The first pressure sensor is located at the wellhead of the oil and gas well, the second pressure sensor is located at a first preset distance from the wellhead, and the third pressure sensor is located at a second preset distance from the pump truck of the oil and gas well.

[0158] A controller is used to execute a computer program to implement the steps of the pressure sensor monitoring position determination method described above.

[0159] The controller may include one or more processing cores, such as a quad-core processor or an octa-core processor. The controller can be implemented using at least one of the following hardware forms: Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or Programmable Logic Array (PLA). The controller may also include a main processor and coprocessors. The main processor, also known as the Central Processing Unit (CPU), is used to process data in the wake-up state; the coprocessor is a low-power processor used to process data in the standby state. In some embodiments, the controller may integrate a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the screen. In some embodiments, the controller may also include an Artificial Intelligence (AI) processor, which handles computational operations related to machine learning.

[0160] The sensor system provided in this embodiment corresponds to the method described above, and therefore has the same beneficial effects as the method described above. Therefore, for the embodiment of the sensor system, please refer to the description of the embodiment in the method section, which will not be repeated here.

[0161] The present invention also provides an embodiment corresponding to a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the pressure sensor monitoring position determination method described above.

[0162] It is understood that if the methods in the above embodiments are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and executes all or part of the steps of the methods in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0163] The computer-readable storage medium provided in this embodiment corresponds to the method described above, and therefore has the same beneficial effects as the method described above. Therefore, for the embodiments of the computer-readable storage medium, please refer to the description of the embodiments in the method section, which will not be repeated here.

[0164] It should be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0165] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for determining the monitoring location of a pressure sensor, characterized in that, A controller is applied to a sensor system, the sensor system further comprising: a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, and a third pressure sensor, wherein the first pressure sensor is disposed at the wellhead of the oil and gas well, the second pressure sensor is disposed at a first preset distance from the wellhead, and the third pressure sensor is disposed at a second preset distance from the pump truck of the oil and gas well; the method includes: The first pressure response signal, the second pressure response signal, and the third pressure response signal collected by the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor are respectively acquired. The first pressure response signal, the second pressure response signal, and the third pressure response signal are pressure response signals of water hammer waves under different propagation paths. Based on the first pressure response signal, the second pressure response signal, and the third pressure response signal, the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor are determined respectively. The characteristic parameters include: peak pressure, effective value, signal-to-noise ratio, waveform clarity, attenuation time stability, and coefficient of variation of the water hammer wave signal corresponding to the water hammer wave. Based on preset evaluation criteria and the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor, the optimal main monitoring position among the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is determined.

2. The method for determining the monitoring location of a pressure sensor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on preset evaluation criteria and the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at the locations of the first, second, and third pressure sensors, the optimal primary monitoring position among the locations of the first, second, and third pressure sensors is determined, including: Based on each of the aforementioned characteristic parameters, determine the signal strength dimension value, noise interference dimension value, waveform integrity dimension value, and acquisition consistency dimension value of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor, respectively. The optimal primary monitoring position among the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is determined based on the signal strength dimension value, the noise interference dimension value, the waveform integrity dimension value, and the acquisition consistency dimension value.

3. The method for determining the monitoring location of a pressure sensor as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Based on each of the aforementioned characteristic parameters, the signal strength dimension value, noise interference dimension value, waveform integrity dimension value, and acquisition consistency dimension value of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor are determined respectively, including: Determine the first sub-weight corresponding to the peak pressure of the water hammer wave signal corresponding to the signal strength dimension value, and the second sub-weight corresponding to the effective value of the water hammer wave signal; The signal strength dimension values ​​of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor are determined based on the peak pressure of the water hammer wave signal, the effective value of the water hammer wave signal, the first sub-weight, and the second sub-weight. Determine the third sub-weight corresponding to the signal-to-noise ratio of the water hammer wave signal corresponding to the noise interference dimension value; The noise interference dimension values ​​of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor are determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio of the water hammer wave signal and the third sub-weight. Determine the fourth sub-weight corresponding to the waveform clarity of the water hammer wave signal and the fifth sub-weight corresponding to the attenuation time stability of the water hammer wave signal, based on the waveform integrity dimension value. The waveform integrity dimension values ​​of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor are determined based on the waveform clarity of the water hammer wave signal, the attenuation time stability of the water hammer wave signal, the fourth sub-weight, and the fifth sub-weight. Determine the sixth sub-weight corresponding to the coefficient of variation of the water hammer wave signal corresponding to the acquisition consistency dimension value; The acquisition consistency dimension value of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is determined based on the coefficient of variation of the water hammer wave signal and the sixth sub-weight.

4. The method for determining the monitoring location of a pressure sensor as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The signal strength dimension values ​​at the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor are determined based on the peak pressure of the water hammer wave signal, the effective value of the water hammer wave signal, the first sub-weight, and the second sub-weight, including: A first magnitude relationship is determined between the peak pressure of the water hammer wave signal and a preset peak pressure, and a first sub-score corresponding to the peak pressure is determined based on the first magnitude relationship; Determine a second magnitude relationship between the effective value of the water hammer wave signal and a preset effective value, and determine a second sub-score corresponding to the effective value based on the second magnitude relationship; The signal strength dimension value is determined based on the first sub-score, the second sub-score, the first sub-weight, and the second sub-weight; Accordingly, the noise interference dimension value of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio of the water hammer wave signal and the third sub-weight, including: A third relationship is determined between the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the water hammer wave signal and a preset SNR, and a third sub-score corresponding to the SNR is determined based on the third relationship. The noise interference dimension value is determined based on the third sub-score and the third sub-weight. Accordingly, based on the waveform clarity of the water hammer wave signal, the attenuation time stability of the water hammer wave signal, the fourth sub-weight, and the fifth sub-weight, the waveform integrity dimension value of the positions of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is determined, including: Determine the fourth magnitude relationship between the waveform sharpness of the water hammer wave signal and the preset waveform sharpness, and determine the fourth sub-score corresponding to the waveform sharpness based on the fourth magnitude relationship; The fifth magnitude relationship between the attenuation time stability of the water hammer wave signal and the preset attenuation time stability is determined, and the fifth sub-score corresponding to the attenuation time stability is determined according to the fifth magnitude relationship; The waveform integrity dimension value is determined based on the fourth sub-score, the fifth sub-score, the fourth sub-weight, and the fifth sub-weight; Accordingly, based on the coefficient of variation of the water hammer wave signal and the sixth sub-weight, the acquisition consistency dimension value of the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is determined, including: Determine the sixth magnitude relationship between the coefficient of variation of the water hammer wave signal and the preset coefficient of variation, and determine the sixth sub-score corresponding to the coefficient of variation based on the sixth magnitude relationship; The collection consistency dimension value is determined based on the sixth sub-score and the sixth sub-weight.

5. The method for determining the monitoring location of a pressure sensor as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The optimal primary monitoring position among the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is determined based on the signal strength dimension value, the noise interference dimension value, the waveform integrity dimension value, and the acquisition consistency dimension value, including: Determine the first weight corresponding to the signal strength dimension value, the second weight corresponding to the noise interference dimension value, the third weight corresponding to the waveform integrity dimension value, and the fourth weight corresponding to the acquisition consistency dimension value; A first score corresponding to the signal strength dimension value is determined based on the first weight and the signal strength dimension value; The second score corresponding to the noise interference dimension value is determined based on the second weight and the noise interference dimension value; The third score corresponding to the waveform integrity dimension value is determined based on the third weight and the waveform integrity dimension value. The fourth score corresponding to the collection consistency dimension value is determined based on the fourth weight and the collection consistency dimension value. Determine the scores and values ​​of the first score, the second score, the third score, and the fourth score; The location of the pressure sensor corresponding to the maximum score and value of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor is taken as the optimal main monitoring location.

6. The method for determining the monitoring location of a pressure sensor as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, After determining the optimal primary monitoring position among the positions of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor based on preset evaluation criteria and the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor, the method further includes: The first time difference at which the water hammer phenomenon occurs at the corresponding positions of the first sensor and the second sensor is determined. The first sensor refers to the pressure sensor ranked first according to the preset evaluation criteria, and the second sensor refers to the pressure sensor ranked second according to the preset evaluation criteria. Determine the second time difference in which water hammer occurs at the corresponding positions of the first and third sensors, wherein the third sensor refers to the pressure sensor ranked third according to the preset evaluation criteria; Determine the third time difference between the locations where water hammer occurs at the corresponding positions of the second and third sensors; Determine the first linear mounting distance between the first sensor and the second sensor; Determine the second linear mounting distance between the first sensor and the third sensor; Determine the third linear mounting distance between the second sensor and the third sensor; The first water hammer velocity, the second water hammer velocity, and the third water hammer velocity at the corresponding positions of the first sensor and the second sensor are determined based on the first time difference, the second time difference, the third time difference, the first linear installation distance, the second linear installation distance, and the third linear installation distance, respectively. The array water wave velocity is determined based on the first water wave velocity, the second water wave velocity, the third water wave velocity, the fifth weight corresponding to the first sensor, the sixth weight corresponding to the second sensor, and the seventh weight corresponding to the third sensor.

7. The method for determining the monitoring location of a pressure sensor as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The first water hammer wave velocity, the second water hammer wave velocity, and the third water hammer wave velocity at the corresponding positions of the first and second sensors are determined based on the first time difference, the second time difference, the third time difference, the first linear installation distance, the second linear installation distance, and the third linear installation distance, respectively, including: The ratio of the first straight-line installation distance to the first time difference is taken as the first water hammer wave velocity; The ratio of the second linear installation distance to the second time difference is taken as the second water hammer wave velocity; The ratio of the third straight-line installation distance to the third time difference is taken as the third water hammer wave velocity.

8. A device for determining the monitoring location of a pressure sensor, characterized in that, A controller is applied to a sensor system, the sensor system further comprising: a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, and a third pressure sensor, wherein the first pressure sensor is disposed at the wellhead of the oil and gas well, the second pressure sensor is disposed at a first preset distance from the wellhead, and the third pressure sensor is disposed at a second preset distance from the pump truck of the oil and gas well; the device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the first pressure response signal, the second pressure response signal, and the third pressure response signal collected by the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor, respectively. The first pressure response signal, the second pressure response signal, and the third pressure response signal are pressure response signals of water hammer waves under different propagation paths. The first determining module is used to determine the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor based on the first pressure response signal, the second pressure response signal, and the third pressure response signal, respectively. The characteristic parameters include: peak pressure, effective value, signal-to-noise ratio, waveform clarity, attenuation time stability, and coefficient of variation of the water hammer wave signal corresponding to the water hammer wave. The second determining module is used to determine the optimal main monitoring position among the positions of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor based on preset evaluation criteria and the characteristic parameters of the water hammer wave at the locations of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor.

9. A sensor system, characterized in that, include: A first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, and a third pressure sensor are provided. The first pressure sensor is located at the wellhead of the oil and gas well, the second pressure sensor is located at a first preset distance from the wellhead, and the third pressure sensor is located at a second preset distance from the pump truck of the oil and gas well. A controller, used to execute the computer program to implement the steps of the pressure sensor monitoring location determination method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the pressure sensor monitoring location determination method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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