Pipeline leakage monitoring sensor and monitoring system

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of pipeline leakage monitoring, and discloses a pipeline leakage monitoring sensor and a monitoring system, in particular to a pipeline leakage monitoring sensor, which comprises a bearing assembly, two ends of the bearing assembly distributed along the length direction are connected with extension pipes, a plurality of limiting assemblies are connected on one side of the extension pipe close to the bearing assembly, a control hub is connected on the bearing assembly, after the control hub identifies the opening and closing state of the pipeline valve, the extension rate of the extension rod and the movable column in the bearing assembly is synchronously controlled, the extension plate drives the protective film to uniformly deform, the effective inner diameter of the connecting pipe is changed, so that it is matched with the actual flow of the pipeline, at the same time, the pressure sensor arrayed on the inner circumference of the protective film samples at 1 time per second under the normal working condition, and is improved to 10 times per second in the abnormal state, combined with Kalman filter noise reduction, the pressure change is accurately captured, the monitoring failure under low flow is avoided, and full-flow-range high-precision leakage monitoring is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pipeline leakage monitoring technology, specifically pipeline leakage monitoring sensor and monitoring system. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of pipeline leak monitoring, the primary problem with existing technologies is their inability to adapt to changes in pipeline flow rate, leading to unstable monitoring accuracy. This issue stems from the fact that opening and closing pipeline valves alters the flow rate of the liquid within the pipe, and traditional monitoring components cannot adjust their structure to match the flow requirements. At low flow rates, insufficient contact between the liquid and the monitoring element can easily result in monitoring failures or false alarms, failing to meet the need for accurate monitoring across the entire flow rate. Furthermore, existing technologies also suffer from difficulties in quickly locating leaks and quantifying the extent of the fault. Vibration and turbulence during pipeline transport interfere with sensor data, and traditional systems lack effective noise reduction and data analysis mechanisms. This makes it difficult to accurately determine leaks, pinpoint the leak location, or estimate the leakage volume, impacting maintenance efficiency.

[0003] Patent application number CN202210825517.9 discloses a long-distance underground pipeline leakage monitoring device, belonging to the field of pipeline leakage monitoring technology. It includes: an installation ring with multiple fixed blocks and sliding blocks installed on its inner side. A groove is formed between each pair of fixed blocks for the sliding blocks to slide. An elastic sealing strip is installed inside the installation ring, and a cavity for collecting leaked fluid is provided between the elastic sealing strip and the pipeline. A spring is installed between the sliding block and the inner wall of the installation ring. A contact rod is fixedly connected to the sliding block near the inner wall of the installation ring, and a sensor is installed on the groove away from the sliding block. This invention makes the monitoring device applicable to pipelines carrying gas, liquid, or fluids containing solid particles, thus expanding its applicability. It can prevent further leakage of fluid, avoiding resource waste and environmental damage before personnel maintenance. After a pipeline leak, the sensor emits a sensing signal to alert the user.

[0004] In addition, the existing monitoring devices are not stable enough in connection with the pipelines and are prone to damage to the pipelines due to improper tightening pressure. The background of this problem is that the monitoring devices need to be fixed to the pipelines. Traditional fixing structures cannot quickly connect to the pipelines and cannot adaptively adjust the tightening pressure. Furthermore, there is a lack of emergency reinforcement mechanisms when slippage occurs, which cannot prevent the slippage from expanding in time, thus posing a safety hazard.

[0005] Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention proposes a pipeline leakage monitoring sensor and monitoring system. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems. This invention provides a pipeline leakage monitoring sensor and monitoring system, which has the advantage of being able to identify flow changes based on the on / off status of pipeline valves, thereby quickly determining whether a pipeline leak has occurred.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a pipeline leakage monitoring sensor, including a support component, wherein extension tubes are respectively connected to both ends of the support component along the length direction, and multiple limiting components are connected to the side of the extension tubes near the support component, and a control center is connected to the support component;

[0008] The load-bearing component includes a connecting pipe, both ends of which are connected to the extension pipe along the length direction. The inner ring of the connecting pipe has a plurality of grooves arranged in a circumferential array. An extension rod is connected to the inner wall of the groove. An extension plate is connected to the telescopic part of the extension rod.

[0009] Both of the extension tubes are connected to a protective membrane, and a pressure sensor is installed inside the protective membrane. The protective membrane completely covers the inner wall of the connecting tube.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of movable columns are connected to the inner wall of the connecting pipe, and the plurality of movable columns are symmetrically distributed on the inner wall of the connecting pipe with the extension plate as the center of symmetry, and the movable columns are arranged in a circular array inside the connecting pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the extension tube is arranged in a stepped shape, the limiting component is connected to the side of the extension tube near the connecting tube, the limiting component includes a support plate, and a lifting rod is connected between the support plate and the extension tube.

[0012] Preferably, an abutment component is connected to the side of the support plate away from the lifting rod, and a protective component is provided between the abutment component and the lifting rod, and the lifting rod, the abutment component and the protective component are all located on the same side of the support plate.

[0013] Preferably, the protective component includes a compression spring, one end of which is connected to a protective plate, and the end of the compression spring away from the protective plate is connected to the support plate.

[0014] Preferably, the abutting component includes an abutting part, the abutting part has a placement cavity, the placement cavity is connected to a telescopic part, one side of the telescopic part is provided with a snap-fit ​​plate, and there is an angle between the snap-fit ​​plate and the telescopic part.

[0015] Preferably, the telescopic part includes a fixed plate, one end of which is connected to a control plate, and the end of the control plate away from the fixed plate is connected to the cavity wall of the placement cavity.

[0016] Preferably, the protective membrane undergoes shape changes under the action of the extension plate and the movable column, thereby altering the inner diameter of the connecting pipe.

[0017] The present invention also includes a monitoring system that uses a pipeline leakage monitoring sensor. The monitoring system comprises a four-layer architecture: a hardware layer, a data processing layer, a decision control layer, and an interactive feedback layer.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. After the control center identifies the opening and closing status of the pipeline valve, it synchronously adjusts the extension rate of the extension rod and movable column in the bearing assembly, driving the extension plate to push the protective membrane to deform uniformly, changing the effective inner diameter of the connecting pipe to match the actual flow rate of the pipeline. Simultaneously, the pressure sensors distributed in a circumferential array inside the protective membrane sample at 1 time / second under normal operating conditions, increasing to 10 times / second under abnormal conditions. Combined with Kalman filtering for noise reduction, this accurately captures pressure changes, avoiding monitoring failure at low flow rates and achieving high-precision leakage monitoring across the entire flow range.

[0020] 2. Pressure sensor data is processed by the control center. If the pressure difference between adjacent sensors exceeds a threshold and persists for three consecutive sampling cycles, a leak is identified. Using the location information of the sensors, the coordinates of the leak point are calculated using triangulation, and a regional schematic diagram is generated. Based on the rate of change of the pressure difference and combined with a fluid dynamics model, the leak volume is estimated and classified into three levels: minor, moderate, and severe. This provides maintenance personnel with accurate information on the location and severity of the fault, facilitating efficient repairs.

[0021] 3. The stepped design of the extension tube facilitates pipe connection. When the lifting rod in the limiting component pushes the bearing plate to move, the protective plate of the protective component contacts the pipe first. Its built-in pressure sensor feeds back the data, and the control center adjusts the lifting rod in a closed loop to ensure that the contact pressure is within a safe range. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the overall device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the overall device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall device of the present invention from another direction;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the load-bearing component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the limiting component and the extension tube of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the limiting component of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the limiting component of the present invention;

[0029] Figure Descriptions: 1. Bearing Component; 101. Connecting Pipe; 102. Extension Rod; 103. Extension Plate; 104. Movable Column; 2. Limiting Component; 201. Bearing Plate; 202. Lifting Rod; 3. Extension Pipe; 4. Protective Membrane; 5. Abutment Component; 501. Abutment Part; 502. Placement Cavity; 503. Telescopic Part; 5031. Fixing Plate; 5032. Control Plate; 504. Snap-fit ​​Plate; 6. Protective Component; 601. Protective Plate; 602. Compression Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] like Figures 1-7 As shown, a pipeline leakage monitoring sensor includes a support component 1 for connecting components. The two ends of the support component 1 along its length are respectively connected to extension pipes 3 for connecting and fixing to the pipeline. On the side of the extension pipes 3 near the support component 1, a plurality of limiting components 2 for fixing the monitoring sensor to the pipeline are connected. A control center for identifying and regulating the pipeline status is connected to the support component 1. The control center can monitor the opening and closing status of valves in the pipeline and feed back the monitored data to the support component 1 to identify the liquid status in the pipeline.

[0032] The supporting component 1 includes a connecting pipe 101, with both ends of the connecting pipe 101 connected to an extension pipe 3 along its length, and the extension pipe 3 and the connecting pipe 101 are interconnected to facilitate the flow of liquid in the pipeline. The inner ring of the connecting pipe 101 has multiple grooves arranged in a circumferential array, and an extension rod 102 capable of length variation is connected to the inner wall of the groove. An extension plate 103 is connected to the telescopic part of the extension rod 102. The extension rod 102 drives the extension plate 103 to move, thereby adjusting the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 101. At the same time, the grooves facilitate the placement of the extension plate 103, ensuring that the position of the extension plate 103 does not interfere with the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 101, and ensuring the normal flow of liquid in the pipeline.

[0033] To ensure that the groove does not interfere with the inner space of the connecting pipe 101, a protective membrane 4 is connected to the pipe wall of both extension pipes 3. The protective membrane 4 is equipped with multiple pressure sensors, which are evenly distributed in a circumferential array. Each sensor is independently numbered and bound with location information to facilitate the location of the leak point. It is used to identify the liquid impact force in the connecting pipe 101. The protective membrane 4 completely covers the inner wall of the connecting pipe 101, that is, the protective membrane 4 is in a ring shape and fits against the inner wall of the connecting pipe 101.

[0034] It should be noted that the protective membrane 4 is made of an elastic waterproof membrane. The control center identifies the opening and closing status of the pipeline valve, thereby controlling the extension rod 102 to move the position of the extension plate 103, thereby changing the distance between the protective membrane 4 and the wall of the connecting pipe 101, thus achieving the adjustment of the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 101.

[0035] Under normal operating conditions, the sampling frequency is set to 1 time / second; when abnormal pressure fluctuations are detected, the sampling frequency is automatically increased to 10 times / second to capture instantaneous leakage signals.

[0036] The control center performs noise reduction processing on multi-sensor data. This includes employing a Kalman filter algorithm (a recursive filtering algorithm that eliminates random interference and improves data accuracy by fusing sensor measurements with system predictions; suitable for filtering interference signals caused by pipeline vibration and turbulence in this invention) to remove interference signals from pipeline vibration and medium turbulence before identifying leaks.

[0037] If the pressure difference between any two adjacent sensors exceeds a preset threshold, and this difference persists for more than 3 sampling cycles, it is determined to be a local leak.

[0038] By combining sensor location information, the leak point coordinates are calculated using the triangulation method (a method that uses the position and measurement data of three or more sensors to determine the target position through geometric calculation; in this invention, the leak point coordinates are calculated by combining the pressure difference and spacing of three adjacent sensors with the medium flow velocity). A schematic diagram of the leak area is generated. At the same time, the leakage amount is estimated based on the rate of change of the pressure difference, providing maintenance personnel with a basis for assessing the severity of the fault.

[0039] Furthermore, in order to reduce the impact of the liquid on the protective membrane 4 and reduce the force exerted by the extension plate 103 on the protective membrane 4, multiple movable columns 104 with variable lengths are connected to the inner wall of the connecting pipe 101. The multiple movable columns 104 are symmetrically distributed on the inner wall of the connecting pipe 101 with the extension plate 103 as the center of symmetry, and the movable columns 104 are arranged in a circumferential array inside the connecting pipe 101. At the same time, there is a gap between the movable columns 104 and the extension rod 102. Thus, in use, the extension rod 102 drives the extension plate 103 to contact the protective membrane 4 and adjust the protective membrane 4 to deform. At the same time, the length of the movable column 104 changes with the length of the extension plate 103, and the elongation rate of the movable column 104 is the same as the elongation rate of the extension plate 103, thereby ensuring that the protective membrane 4 changes uniformly inside the connecting pipe 101.

[0040] During use, the control center identifies the open and closed state of the pipeline valve. When the pipeline valve is fully open, the length of the extension rod 102 does not change, and the length of the movable column 104 also does not change. The protective membrane 4 is in contact with the wall of the connecting pipe 101.

[0041] When the pipeline valve is partially closed, the liquid flow rate in the pipeline decreases. At this time, the control center adjusts the length of the extension rod 102 and the length of the movable column 104 according to the state of the pipeline valve, thereby changing the shape of the protective membrane 4 and reducing the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 101. This makes the inner diameter of the pipeline formed by the protective membrane 4 match the opening and closing state of the pipeline valve, so that the liquid in the pipeline can fully contact the protective membrane 4.

[0042] During this process, the pressure sensor on the protective membrane 4 is used to identify the liquid flow in the pipeline. When the pressure sensor readings are uniform and stable, it means that there is no leakage in the pipeline. When the pressure sensor readings show a difference, it means that there is a leak in the pipeline, and the control center will alert the staff.

[0043] Furthermore, to improve the connection stability between the pipeline and the monitoring sensor, the extension pipe 3 is set in a stepped shape, that is, the thickness of the extension pipe 3 on the side closer to the connecting pipe 101 is greater than the thickness of the side of the extension pipe 3 away from the connecting pipe 101, thereby facilitating the connection between the pipeline and the extension pipe 3, allowing the liquid in the pipeline to enter the connecting pipe 101 for monitoring. The limiting component 2 is connected to the side of the extension pipe 3 close to the connecting pipe 101. After the pipeline and the extension pipe 3 are connected, the limiting component 2 is used to assist in fixing the position of the pipeline, ensuring the connection stability between the pipeline and the bearing component 1. The limiting component 2 includes a bearing plate 201, and there is a gap between the bearing plate 201 and the extension pipe 3. A lifting rod 202 for adjusting the height of the bearing plate 201 is connected between the bearing plate 201 and the extension pipe 3, thereby controlling the limiting component 2 to assist in fixing the pipeline and ensuring the connection stability between the pipeline and the monitoring sensor.

[0044] Furthermore, to improve the sealing of the connection between the monitoring sensor and the pipeline, an abutment component 5 is connected to the side of the support plate 201 away from the lifting rod 202, which contacts the outer wall of the pipeline. A protective component 6 for identifying the abutment of the pipeline edge is provided between the abutment component 5 and the lifting rod 202. The lifting rod 202, the abutment component 5, and the protective component 6 are all located on the same side of the support plate 201. In use, after the pipeline is sleeved on the surface of the extension pipe 3, the support plate 201 is moved closer to the pipeline by the lifting rod 202, thereby causing the abutment component 5 to abut against the pipeline surface, ensuring the tightness of the connection between the pipeline and the extension pipe 3. At the same time, when the support plate 201 moves the abutment component 5, the protective component 6 abuts against the edge of the pipeline, ensuring the sealing and stability of the pipeline connection process.

[0045] Furthermore, in order to increase the contact pressure of the protective component 6 on the pipeline and ensure that the pipeline does not slip during the connection with the extension pipe 3, the protective component 6 includes a compression spring 602 for increasing the pressure on the pipeline. One end of the compression spring 602 is connected to a protective plate 601 for contacting the pipeline, and the end of the compression spring 602 away from the protective plate 601 is connected to a support plate 201. Thus, when the protective plate 601 contacts the outer wall of the pipeline, the support plate 201 continues to move, causing the protective plate 601 to compress the compression spring 602. The reaction force of the compression spring 602 is used to ensure that the contact pressure of the protective plate 601 can meet the fixing requirements of the pipeline. During the contact process between the protective plate 601 and the pipeline surface, if the protective plate 601 is displaced and causes the compression spring 602 to bend, it means that the pipeline and the extension pipe 3 are sliding relative to each other, and there is a risk of separation.

[0046] The protective plate 601 has a built-in miniature pressure sensor inside, which collects the contact pressure between the protective plate 601 and the outer wall of the pipe in real time; the control center automatically adjusts the extension of the lifting rod 202 based on the contact pressure data.

[0047] When the contact pressure is less than the preset fastening pressure, the lifting rod 202 is driven to extend, increasing the pressure of the protective plate 601 on the pipeline; when the contact pressure is greater than the preset protection pressure, the lifting rod 202 is driven to shorten, preventing damage to the outer wall of the pipeline due to excessive pressure.

[0048] Furthermore, when the pipe and extension pipe 3 slide relative to each other, the protective plate 601 will undergo a slight displacement in the direction of the slippage, causing the compression spring 602 to bend. The displacement sensor built into the protective plate 601 collects displacement data in real time. When the displacement amount is greater than the preset threshold, the control center triggers the following actions:

[0049] Immediately drive the telescopic part 503 of the abutment component 5 so that the fixing plate 5031 and the snap plate 504 are tightly attached to the outer wall of the pipe, that is, the spikes of the snap plate 504 are embedded in the outer wall of the pipe, which enhances the friction and prevents the slippage from expanding further.

[0050] Furthermore, to ensure the constraint force of the contact component 5 on the pipe position, the contact component 5 includes a contact part 501. The thickness of the contact part 501 is lower than the height of the protective plate 601 and the compression spring 602. Thus, during the movement of the bearing plate 201, the protective plate 601 contacts the outer wall of the pipe first. The contact part 501 has a placement cavity 502 for storing the device. The placement cavity 502 is connected to a telescopic part 503. The telescopic part 503 can achieve contact with the outer wall of the pipe by changing its length. A snap-fit ​​plate 504 is provided on the side of the telescopic part 503 near the protective component 6. There is an angle between the snap-fit ​​plate 504 and the telescopic part 503. The snap-fit ​​plate 504 is slidably connected to the contact part 501. When the contact part 501 contacts the outer wall of the pipe, the snap-fit ​​plate 504 and the contact part 501 slide relative to each other, so that the snap-fit ​​plate 504 snaps against the outer surface of the pipe, thereby increasing the friction between the contact part 501 and the pipe.

[0051] When the compression spring 602 deflects, the length of the telescopic part 503 is extended, causing the telescopic part 503 and the snap-fit ​​plate 504 to contact the pipe simultaneously, thereby improving the fixing stability of the pipe and reducing the offset between the pipe and the extension pipe 3.

[0052] It should be noted that the axial directions of the telescopic part 503 and the extension tube 3 are perpendicular to each other in space, and the axial direction of the snap-fit ​​plate 504 and the extension tube 3 are at an angle in space.

[0053] Furthermore, in order to increase the contact pressure of the telescopic part 503 on the outer wall of the pipe, the telescopic part 503 includes a fixed plate 5031 for contacting the pipe. One end of the fixed plate 5031 is connected to a control plate 5032 for controlling the height. The end of the control plate 5032 away from the fixed plate 5031 is connected to the cavity wall of the placement cavity 502. When the telescopic part 503 needs to work, the length of the control plate 5032 is extended, which drives the fixed plate 5031 to move and contact the outer wall of the pipe.

[0054] It should be noted that the snap-fit ​​plate 504 and the fixing plate 5031 are provided with spikes at the end near the extension pipe 3, so as to ensure that the resistance between the snap-fit ​​plate 504, the fixing plate 5031 and the pipe meets the installation requirements of the pipe.

[0055] Furthermore, the protective membrane 4 undergoes shape changes under the action of the extension plate 103 and the movable column 104, thereby altering the diameter change of the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 101.

[0056] First, the control center identifies the initial state of the pipeline, acquiring real-time data on the opening and closing status of the pipeline valves. This data serves as the trigger signal for all subsequent component actions. When the pipeline valve is fully open, the control center determines that the liquid in the pipeline is flowing at full capacity and sends a command to the supporting component 1 to maintain the initial state. The connecting pipe 101 is the core channel for liquid flow and monitoring. In the initial state, the extension rod 102 maintains its original length, and the extension plate 103 is housed in the groove to avoid interfering with the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 101. At the same time, the symmetrically distributed movable columns 104 on the inner wall of the connecting pipe 101 also maintain their initial length, working together with the extension plate 103 to ensure that the protective film 4 covering the inner wall of the connecting pipe 101 is flat and adhered. The protective membrane 4 is made of elastic waterproof material, and multiple independently numbered pressure sensors are evenly distributed in a circumferential array inside. At this time, the pressure sensors collect liquid pressure data in the pipeline at a conventional sampling frequency of 1 time / second. The control center receives and performs preliminary analysis on the collected pressure data in real time. If the readings of all pressure sensors are uniform and stable, it is determined that there is no risk of leakage in the pipeline, and the system maintains the conventional monitoring mode.

[0057] When the control center detects that a pipeline valve is partially closed, it determines that the liquid flow rate in the pipeline has decreased, and at this time, the adaptive adjustment process is initiated. The control center calculates the actual flow demand in the pipeline based on the degree of valve closure and sends synchronous extension commands to the extension rod 102 and the movable column 104. The extension rod 102 drives the extension plate 103 to extend towards the center of the connecting pipe 101, and the movable column 104 extends synchronously at the same rate. Both work together on the protective membrane 4, causing it to deform uniformly and reducing the effective inner diameter of the connecting pipe 101 until the flow channel formed by the protective membrane 4 matches the actual flow rate after the pipeline valve is closed. By changing the diameter of the flow channel, it ensures that the liquid can still fully contact the protective membrane 4 under low flow conditions, preventing the pressure sensor from failing to effectively capture the flow state due to excessively low liquid velocity, thus ensuring that the monitoring accuracy does not decrease with changes in flow rate. During this adjustment process, the elastic characteristics of the protective membrane 4 ensure that it maintains complete sealing, while the symmetrical distribution design of the movable column 104 prevents localized overstretching or wrinkling of the protective membrane 4, preventing false alarms from the pressure sensor due to uneven membrane deformation.

[0058] After completing adaptive adjustment, the system enters the stable monitoring phase. The pressure sensor inside the protective membrane 4 continuously collects liquid pressure data and transmits it to the control center. The control center first performs noise reduction processing on the raw data, using a Kalman filter algorithm to remove noise signals caused by external interference factors such as pipeline vibration and medium turbulence, ensuring data authenticity. Subsequently, the control center compares and analyzes the noise-reduced multi-sensor data. If the pressure difference between any two adjacent pressure sensors exceeds a preset threshold, and this difference persists for more than three sampling cycles, it is determined that there is a local leak in the pipeline. At this time, the control center uses the pre-bound sensor location information to calculate the coordinates of the leak point using triangulation. Using two adjacent abnormal sensors as reference points, and combining the rate of change of the pressure difference, the distance between the leak source and the two sensors is calculated, thereby generating an accurate schematic diagram of the leak area. At the same time, based on the pressure difference change curve over time, the leakage amount is estimated using a fluid dynamics model, and the leakage amount is divided into three levels: minor leak, moderate leak, and severe leak, providing maintenance personnel with a basis for assessing the severity of the fault, facilitating the development of targeted maintenance plans.

[0059] Regarding the stability control of the connection between the equipment and the pipeline, the extension pipe 3 adopts a stepped structure design, with a greater thickness on the side closer to the connecting pipe 101. This ensures both the connection strength with the connecting pipe 101 and facilitates the installation of the pipeline and the extension pipe 3. After the pipeline is fitted onto the extension pipe 3, the control center sends a tightening start command to the limiting component 2. The lifting rod 202 in the limiting component 2 begins to extend, pushing the bearing plate 201 towards the outer wall of the pipeline. The protective component 6 on the support plate 201 preferentially contacts the pipeline. The protective plate 601 in the protective component 6 has a built-in miniature pressure sensor that collects the contact pressure data with the outer wall of the pipeline in real time and feeds it back to the control center. The control center performs closed-loop control of the lifting rod 202 based on the data. If the contact pressure is less than the preset fastening pressure, the lifting rod 202 continues to extend, increasing the pressure of the protective plate 601 on the pipeline. If the contact pressure is greater than the preset protection pressure, the lifting rod 202 is shortened to avoid damage to the outer wall of the pipeline due to excessive pressure. At the same time, the snap plate 504 in the contact component 5 has an angle with the telescopic part 503. While the fixed plate 5031 moves, the snap plate 504 slides along the contact part 501, and its spikes are simultaneously embedded in the outer wall of the pipeline. Due to the angled design, the snap plate 504 forms an oblique clamping effect on the pipeline, further preventing the pipeline from moving, and realizing the dual control of adaptive fastening and damage prevention.

[0060] When there is a risk of relative slippage between the pipe and the extension pipe 3, the protective plate 601 will undergo a slight displacement in the direction of slippage, causing the compression spring 602 connected to it to bend. The displacement sensor built into the protective plate 601 detects this displacement change. When the displacement exceeds a preset threshold, the control center immediately triggers the emergency reinforcement process, driving the telescopic part 503 in the contact assembly 5 to move. The control plate 5032 of the telescopic part 503 extends, causing the fixing plate 5031 to move towards the outer wall of the pipe and fit tightly. The spikes on the side of the fixing plate 5031 near the pipe embed into the outer wall of the pipe, increasing the friction. In addition, the elasticity of the compression spring 602 can also play a buffering role in this process, preventing the fixing plate 5031 and the snap-fit ​​plate 504 from causing instantaneous impact damage to the pipe, thus achieving coordinated control of emergency reinforcement and buffer protection.

[0061] The present invention also includes a monitoring system that uses a pipeline leakage monitoring sensor. The monitoring system comprises a four-layer architecture: a hardware layer, a data processing layer, a decision control layer, and an interactive feedback layer.

[0062] The hardware layer includes a pipeline leakage monitoring sensor (including load-bearing component 1, limiting component 2, extension pipe 3, protective membrane 4, etc.) and a pipeline valve status acquisition module.

[0063] The data processing layer includes a Kalman filter noise reduction module, a multi-sensor data comparison and analysis module, and a leakage estimation model.

[0064] The decision control layer includes a control center, an adaptive adjustment module, and an emergency reinforcement module.

[0065] The interactive feedback layer includes a leak area visualization module, an operation and maintenance alarm module, and a data storage module.

[0066] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0067] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pipeline leakage monitoring sensor, comprising a carrier component (1), characterized in that: The two ends of the bearing component (1) along the length direction are respectively connected to extension tubes (3), and multiple limiting components (2) are connected to the side of the extension tube (3) near the bearing component (1). A control center is connected to the bearing component (1). The bearing component (1) includes a connecting pipe (101), both ends of the connecting pipe (101) distributed along the length direction are connected to the extension pipe (3), and a plurality of grooves arranged in a circular array are opened on the inner ring of the connecting pipe (101), and an extension rod (102) is connected to the inner wall of the groove, and an extension plate (103) is connected to the telescopic part of the extension rod (102). A protective membrane (4) is connected to the wall of each of the two extension tubes (3). Multiple pressure sensors are provided inside the protective membrane (4), and the protective membrane (4) completely covers the inner wall of the connecting tube (101). Multiple movable columns (104) are connected to the inner wall of the connecting pipe (101). The multiple movable columns (104) are symmetrically distributed on the inner wall of the connecting pipe (101) with the extension plate (103) as the center of symmetry, and the movable columns (104) are arranged in a circular array inside the connecting pipe (101). The control center calculates the actual flow demand in the pipeline based on the degree of valve closure and sends synchronous extension and retraction commands to the extension rod and the movable column. The extension rod drives the extension plate to extend towards the center of the connecting pipe, and the movable column extends synchronously at the same rate, so that the protective membrane undergoes uniform deformation to reduce the effective inner diameter of the connecting pipe until the flow channel formed by the protective membrane matches the actual flow rate after the pipeline valve is closed. The control center uses the pre-attached pressure sensor location information and the pressure difference change rate to calculate the distance between the leak source and the two pressure sensors, thereby generating an accurate schematic diagram of the leak area. At the same time, based on the pressure difference change curve over time, the leakage amount is estimated through a fluid dynamics model.

2. The pipeline leakage monitoring sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extension tube (3) is arranged in a stepped shape. The limiting component (2) is connected to the side of the extension tube (3) near the connecting tube (101). The limiting component (2) includes a support plate (201). A lifting rod (202) is connected between the support plate (201) and the extension tube (3).

3. The pipeline leakage monitoring sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that: A contact component (5) is connected to the side of the support plate (201) away from the lifting rod (202). A protective component (6) is provided between the contact component (5) and the lifting rod (202). The lifting rod (202), the contact component (5) and the protective component (6) are all located on the same side of the support plate (201).

4. The pipeline leakage monitoring sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protective component (6) includes a compression spring (602), one end of which is connected to a protective plate (601), and the other end of the compression spring (602) away from the protective plate (601) is connected to the support plate (201).

5. The pipeline leakage monitoring sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The abutting component (5) includes an abutting part (501), a placement cavity (502) is provided in the abutting part (501), a telescopic part (503) is connected in the placement cavity (502), a snap-fit ​​plate (504) is provided on one side of the telescopic part (503), and there is an angle between the snap-fit ​​plate (504) and the telescopic part (503).

6. The pipeline leakage monitoring sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic part (503) includes a fixing plate (5031), one end of which is connected to a control plate (5032), and the end of the control plate (5032) away from the fixing plate (5031) is connected to the cavity wall of the placement cavity (502).

7. The pipeline leakage monitoring sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective membrane (4) undergoes shape changes under the action of the extension plate (103) and the movable column (104), thereby changing the inner diameter of the connecting pipe (101).

8. A monitoring system that operates using a pipeline leakage monitoring sensor as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: It includes a four-layer architecture: hardware layer, data processing layer, decision control layer, and interactive feedback layer.

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