Radio frequency resonance sensing type fingerstall, system and method for quantitative biochemical detection

Abstract

The invention relates to a radio frequency resonance sensing type fingerstall for quantitative biochemical detection, comprising: a fingerstall assembly comprising a first fingerstall, a second fingerstall, and a connecting part for connecting the first fingerstall and the second fingerstall, the first fingerstall and the second fingerstall being respectively used for sleeving a thumb and an index finger; the quantitative ring cutting device is arranged on the surface of the finger prominence position of the first fingerstall; the radio frequency resonance sensor is arranged on the surface of the finger prominence position of the second fingerstall; the radio-frequency signal acquisition circuit module is arranged at the finger root of the second fingerstall, is electrically connected with the radio-frequency resonance sensor and is configured to be used for transmitting a sweep-frequency radio-frequency excitation signal to the radio-frequency resonance sensor and receiving a reflected signal of the sweep-frequency radio-frequency excitation signal; when the thumb sleeved with the first fingerstall and the index finger sleeved with the second fingerstall stretch into the two sides of the sheet-shaped part of the plant to be detected and are kneaded, a sample with the fixed size is cut from the sheet-shaped part of the plant to be detected through the quantitative ring cutting device, and the cut sample directly makes contact with the surface of the radio frequency resonance sensor; therefore, the resonant frequency of the radio frequency sensor is shifted and / or the reflection coefficient is changed, so that the reflection signal of the radio frequency resonant sensor received by the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module is changed. Thus, the flexible wearable fingerstall provided by the invention integrates an unmarked, non-modified and direct contact type radio frequency resonance sensor and a quantitative ring cutting device for quantitative sampling, can perform quantitative sampling and real-time detection on solid samples such as plant leaves and the like, and realizes an integrated operation process of'detection once pinching '; and the standardization, portability and field applicability of detection are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of biochemical index detection, and in particular to a radio frequency resonant sensing finger sleeve, system, and method for quantitative biochemical detection. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of plant physiology testing, rapid and non-destructive on-site monitoring of biochemical indicators (such as moisture content, nutritional status, and pathogen contamination levels) of biological solid samples such as plant leaves is of great significance for achieving crop health diagnosis.

[0003] Currently, existing technologies face significant technical bottlenecks in the on-site sampling process for non-standardized, irregularly shaped biological tissues such as plant leaves. Conventional methods generally rely on manual operation, using tools such as scissors, punches, or biopsy forceps for sample collection. This approach is highly dependent on the operator's experience and skill, making it difficult to precisely control and replicate the size, thickness, mass, and geometry of the obtained samples. This randomness in sample volume and morphology makes it impossible to establish reliable quantitative relationships in subsequent testing, essentially hindering the accurate quantitative acquisition of microscopic solid samples.

[0004] Furthermore, most existing sensing devices are stand-alone units, requiring externally collected samples to be manually transferred and placed on the sensor surface. This discrete "sampling-transfer-detection" workflow is not only cumbersome and inefficient, but also prone to introducing problems such as positional deviation, contamination, or changes in sample state (e.g., water evaporation, cell rupture) during sample transfer, positioning, and contact, further affecting the reliability and accuracy of the detection.

[0005] Therefore, how to achieve the integration of the entire process from quantitative acquisition of biological samples to direct detection, so as to ensure the standardization, efficiency and quantifiability of the detection process, is an urgent problem to be solved in the current technical field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, this application provides a radio frequency resonant sensing finger sleeve, system and method for quantitative biochemical detection. This application integrates a label-free, unmodified, direct contact radio frequency resonant sensor and a quantitative sampling ring cutting device, which can perform quantitative sampling and real-time detection of solid samples such as plant leaves, realize an integrated operation process of "squeeze and test", and significantly improve the standardization, portability and field applicability of detection.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application provides a radio frequency resonant sensing finger sleeve for quantitative biochemical detection, comprising: A finger sleeve assembly includes a first finger sleeve, a second finger sleeve, and a connecting portion for connecting the first finger sleeve and the second finger sleeve, wherein the first finger sleeve and the second finger sleeve are respectively used to fit the thumb and index finger; A quantitative ring-cutting device is disposed on the surface of the fingertip of the first finger sleeve; A radio frequency resonant sensor is disposed on the surface of the fingertip of the second finger sleeve; The radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module is located at the base of the second finger sleeve and is electrically connected to the radio frequency resonant sensor. It is configured to transmit a sweep frequency excitation signal to the radio frequency resonant sensor and receive its reflected signal. When the thumb, which is covered by the first finger cot, and the index finger, which is covered by the second finger cot, are inserted into the two sides of the sheet-like part of the plant to be tested and pinched together, a sample of fixed volume is cut from the sheet-like part of the plant to be tested through the quantitative cutting ring device. The cut sample directly contacts the surface of the radio frequency resonant sensor, causing the resonant frequency of the radio frequency sensor to shift and / or the reflection coefficient to change, so that the reflected signal of the radio frequency resonant sensor received by the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module changes.

[0008] Thus, this application integrates a quantitative loop cutting device and a radio frequency resonant sensor into a wearable finger structure. Users simply need to apply a natural pinching motion to both sides of the plant leaf to precisely cut a micro-sample of constant volume using the quantitative loop cutting device, which then immediately contacts the surface of the radio frequency resonant sensor, completing the entire "sampling-direct detection" process. No additional sample transfer, positioning, or manual intervention is required, effectively avoiding problems such as sample loss, external contamination, structural damage, and measurement bias inherent in traditional "sampling-transfer-detection" processes. Simultaneously, the radio frequency resonant sensor does not rely on biological / chemical modifications, sensing changes in the sample's dielectric properties in a non-invasive, label-free manner. It can sensitively respond to key biochemical parameters such as moisture content, ion concentration, and cell membrane integrity, exhibiting advantages such as strong anti-interference capabilities and high stability. This design not only simplifies the operation process but also supports multiple dynamic detections of the same plant at different growth stages, facilitating on-site, real-time, and continuous monitoring of plant water status, nutritional status, and pathogen infection risk in field environments, providing an efficient and reliable portable solution for crop health diagnosis.

[0009] As one possible implementation of the first aspect, the radio frequency resonant sensor includes: The flexible substrate located on the surface of the fingertip of the second finger sleeve, the metal radiating patch antenna disposed on the flexible substrate, and the double-cracked ring structure etched on the metal radiating patch antenna.

[0010] Thus, by etching the double-cracked ring structure onto the metal radiating patch antenna and integrating it into a flexible substrate, highly sensitive, non-contact, and label-free detection of changes in the dielectric properties of plant samples is achieved. At the same time, it takes into account the flexibility and fit required for wearable devices, solving the technical problems of low sensitivity, high rigidity, and difficulty in conformally fitting with biological tissues in traditional sensors.

[0011] As one possible implementation of the first aspect, the double-split ring structure comprises two sets of concentric nested metal rings with symmetrical openings.

[0012] Thus, the double-lobed ring structure comprises two sets of concentric nested metal rings with symmetrical openings. Each set of metal rings is a closed circular ring with symmetrically distributed openings at specific locations. This structure forms a strongly localized electric field concentration region through electromagnetic coupling between the inner and outer rings, generating a significant capacitance effect, especially at the lobes, making it highly sensitive to changes in the dielectric properties of the external medium. When a plant leaf sample is quantitatively cut and brought into contact with the sensor surface, changes in its biochemical state, such as water content, ion concentration, or cell structure, will disturb the electromagnetic field distribution around the double-lobed rings, causing an observable shift in the resonant frequency. Therefore, this double-lobed ring structure achieves highly sensitive non-contact detection of the dielectric properties of trace biological samples.

[0013] As one possible implementation of the first aspect, the quantitative ring-cutting device includes: A platform located on the surface of the fingertip of the first finger sleeve; The die-cutting mold mounted on the platform has an annular thin-walled structure, and its outer edge is provided with an annular cutting edge for cutting the solid to be tested. The platform portion surrounded by the cutting die and the inner wall of the cutting die together form a accommodating space for accommodating the cut sample.

[0014] In this way, by cutting with a ring-shaped blade of fixed diameter, the sample area and thickness obtained each time are ensured to be consistent, thereby guaranteeing the comparability and repeatability of the test results. Furthermore, the containment space can temporarily hold the cut blade discs, preventing them from falling off or being contaminated by external factors, thus ensuring the accuracy of the test.

[0015] As one possible implementation of the first aspect, the bottom of the die is embedded in the platform, and the portion of the platform surrounding the die and the portion encircled by the die are made of elastic material and extend to the height of the annular cutting edge near the die.

[0016] Thus, when the user performs the testing operation and applies pressure with their fingers, the elastic material undergoes localized deformation under pressure, causing the die and its cutting edge to protrude relatively, successfully cutting the plant leaf to complete quantitative sampling. After sampling, as the pressure is released, the elastic material returns to its original shape, covering the cutting edge again and preventing it from being exposed, thereby effectively protecting the cutting edge from external scratches and realizing an adaptive response mechanism of "pressing out the blade and releasing the blade."

[0017] As one possible implementation of the first aspect, the diameter of the die is matched with the diameter of the outermost metal ring of the double-split ring structure.

[0018] Thus, the above structural design enables precise spatial alignment between the sample cut by the quantitative ring-cutting device and the effective sensing area of ​​the RF resonant sensor. Since the electromagnetic field of the double-ring structure is mainly concentrated in the outermost metal ring and its surrounding near-field region, matching the sample cutting size to the diameter of this sensitive area ensures that the sample completely covers and fully utilizes the high-sensitivity sensing area. Simultaneously, this size-matching design avoids problems such as samples that are too large, exceeding the edge of the sensing area and introducing non-uniform responses, or samples that are too small, resulting in low sensing area utilization and a decreased signal-to-noise ratio.

[0019] As one possible implementation of the first aspect, it also includes: An impedance transformer is connected in series between the RF signal acquisition circuit module and the RF resonant sensor; it is used to achieve impedance matching between the RF resonant sensor and the RF signal acquisition circuit module.

[0020] Thus, by placing an impedance transformer between the feed line and the RF resonant sensor, critical impedance matching in the sensing loop is achieved, ensuring that the excitation signal output from the RF signal acquisition circuit module is efficiently transmitted to the RF resonant sensor. If there is an impedance mismatch between the RF resonant sensor and the RF signal acquisition circuit, some RF energy will be reflected, which will not only reduce the excitation signal strength and weaken the resonant response, but may also cause signal distortion, baseline drift, or increased measurement noise, seriously affecting detection sensitivity and repeatability.

[0021] As one possible implementation of the first aspect, the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module and the impedance transformer are made of flexible circuit boards.

[0022] Thus, this design gives the entire radio frequency sensing system good mechanical flexibility and bendability, allowing it to conform to the curved surface of the finger with the second finger sleeve, maintaining structural integrity and stable electrical performance when the user performs a pinching operation.

[0023] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of this application provides a system for monitoring biochemical indicators, comprising: The mobile terminal and the finger sleeve described in the first aspect are electrically connected to the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module of the finger sleeve, and are used to supply power to the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module, receive data sent by the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module, and determine the monitored biochemical indicators accordingly.

[0024] Thus, by electrically connecting the finger sleeve to a mobile terminal, this application constructs a complete biochemical indicator monitoring system. The mobile terminal not only provides power to the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module on the finger sleeve, avoiding the bulk and maintenance burden of an additional battery, but also receives the radio frequency response data transmitted by the finger sleeve, calculates and displays the monitored biochemical indicators. This system achieves a closed-loop process from "physical sampling" to "result output," allowing users to obtain quantitative test results with just one natural pinching action, truly realizing "testing with a single pinch." Compared to traditional detection methods relying on laboratory instruments, this system has significant advantages such as portability, speed, intelligence, and low cost, making it particularly suitable for field operations, non-professional operation, and high-frequency dynamic monitoring scenarios, providing an efficient and reliable intelligent solution for crop health diagnosis.

[0025] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of this application provides a method for monitoring biochemical indicators, using the system for monitoring biochemical indicators described in the second aspect, the method comprising: When the thumb, which is covered with the first finger cot, and the index finger, which is covered with the second finger cot, are inserted into the two sides of the sheet-like part of the plant to be tested and pinched together, a sample of fixed volume is cut from the sheet-like part of the plant to be tested through a quantitative cutting ring device. The cut sample comes into direct contact with the surface of the radio frequency resonant sensor, causing the resonant frequency of the radio frequency sensor to shift and / or the reflection coefficient to change. The radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module transmits a radio frequency excitation signal to the radio frequency resonant sensor and receives its reflected signal, wherein the change in the resonant frequency of the radio frequency sensor and / or the change in the reflection coefficient will cause the change in the reflected signal; The radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module processes the received signals and transmits the corresponding data to the mobile terminal. The mobile terminal determines the biochemical index values ​​of the sample to be tested based on the received data.

[0026] Thus, using the above method, users only need a single natural pinching motion to complete the entire process from sampling to result presentation, truly achieving "one-pinch testing." This method supports on-site, non-destructive, and continuous monitoring, and is suitable for high-frequency crop health diagnosis in complex field environments. It not only significantly reduces the detection threshold and technical dependence, but also provides quantifiable, traceable, and networkable data support for intelligent agricultural management, exhibiting significant advantages such as high efficiency, convenience, accuracy, and strong practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency resonant sensing finger sleeve for quantitative biochemical detection provided in this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency resonant sensor provided in this application; Figure 3 This application provides a schematic diagram of a double-cracked ring structure and a conventional patch, as well as a comparison diagram of S11 parameters. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a quantitative ring-cutting device provided in this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module provided in this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a system for monitoring biochemical indicators provided in this application; Figure 7 This is a flowchart of a method for monitoring biochemical indicators provided in this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the frequency offset and leaf moisture content provided in this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between frequency offset and bacterial concentration in this application; It should be understood that the dimensions and shapes of the blocks in the above structural diagrams are for reference only and should not constitute an exclusive interpretation of the embodiments of the present invention. The relative positions and inclusion relationships between the blocks presented in the structural diagrams are only schematic representations of the structural relationships between the blocks, and are not intended to limit the physical connection methods of the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions provided in this application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the system architecture and business scenarios provided in the embodiments of this application are mainly for illustrating possible implementations of the technical solutions of this application and should not be construed as the sole limitation on the technical solutions of this application. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the technical solutions provided in this application are equally applicable to similar technical problems as system architectures evolve and new business scenarios emerge.

[0029] It should be understood that the separation schemes for submicron and nanoscale particles in solution provided in the embodiments of this application include separation devices, systems, and methods for submicron and nanoscale particles in solution. Since these technical solutions solve problems based on the same or similar principles, some repetitions may not be repeated in the following descriptions of specific embodiments, but these specific embodiments should be considered as mutually referencing each other and can be combined with each other.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. In case of any inconsistency, the meaning set forth in this specification or derived from the content described herein shall prevail. Furthermore, the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0031] This application provides a radio frequency resonant sensing finger sleeve for quantitative biochemical detection, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: The finger sleeve assembly includes a first finger sleeve 1, a second finger sleeve 2, and a connecting part 3 for connecting the first finger sleeve 1 and the second finger sleeve 2, wherein the first finger sleeve 1 and the second finger sleeve 2 are respectively used to put on the thumb and index finger; A quantitative ring-cutting device is disposed on the surface of the fingertip of the first finger sleeve 1; A radio frequency resonant sensor is disposed on the surface of the fingertip of the second finger sleeve 2; The radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module is located at the base of the second finger sleeve 2 and is electrically connected to the radio frequency resonant sensor. It is configured to transmit a sweep frequency excitation signal to the radio frequency resonant sensor and receive its reflected signal. When the thumb, which is covered by the first finger sleeve 1, and the index finger, which is covered by the second finger sleeve 2, are inserted into the sheet-like part of the plant to be tested and pinched together, a sample of fixed volume is cut from the sheet-like part of the plant to be tested through the quantitative cutting ring device. The cut sample directly contacts the surface of the radio frequency resonant sensor, causing the resonant frequency of the radio frequency sensor to shift and / or the reflection coefficient to change, so that the reflected signal of the radio frequency resonant sensor received by the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module changes.

[0032] Thus, this application integrates a quantitative loop cutting device and a radio frequency resonant sensor into a wearable finger structure. Users simply need to apply a natural pinching motion to both sides of the plant leaf to precisely cut a micro-sample of constant volume using the quantitative loop cutting device, which then immediately contacts the surface of the radio frequency resonant sensor, completing the entire "sampling-direct detection" process. No additional sample transfer, positioning, or manual intervention is required, effectively avoiding problems such as sample loss, external contamination, structural damage, and measurement bias inherent in traditional "sampling-transfer-detection" processes. Simultaneously, the radio frequency resonant sensor does not rely on biological / chemical modifications, sensing changes in the sample's dielectric properties in a non-invasive, label-free manner. It can sensitively respond to key biochemical parameters such as moisture content, ion concentration, and cell membrane integrity, exhibiting advantages such as strong anti-interference capabilities and high stability. This design not only simplifies the operation process but also supports multiple dynamic detections of the same plant at different growth stages, facilitating on-site, real-time, and continuous monitoring of plant water status, nutritional status, and pathogen infection risk in field environments, providing an efficient and reliable portable solution for crop health diagnosis.

[0033] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the radio frequency resonant sensor includes: The flexible substrate 4 located on the surface of the fingertip of the second finger sleeve 2, the metal radiating patch antenna 5 disposed on the flexible substrate 4, and the double-cracked ring structure 6 etched on the metal radiating patch antenna 5.

[0034] Optionally, the flexible substrate 4 may be, but is not limited to, polyimide (PI).

[0035] Thus, by etching the double-cracked ring structure onto the metal radiating patch antenna and integrating it into a flexible substrate, highly sensitive, non-contact, and label-free detection of changes in the dielectric properties of plant samples is achieved. At the same time, it takes into account the flexibility and fit required for wearable devices, solving the technical problems of low sensitivity, high rigidity, and difficulty in conformally fitting with biological tissues in traditional sensors.

[0036] In some embodiments, the double-split ring structure 6 includes two sets of concentric nested metal rings with symmetrical openings.

[0037] Among them, the double-cracked ring structure 6 is centrally symmetrically arranged on the flexible substrate 4. This structure can form a uniform and highly concentrated electric field distribution. Without the addition of specific biological or chemical modifications, it can sensitively detect changes in the dielectric properties of plant samples, thereby realizing non-invasive detection of biochemical indicators such as water and nutrient status.

[0038] Thus, the double-split-ring structure 6 comprises two sets of concentric nested metal rings with symmetrical openings. Each set of metal rings is a closed circular ring with symmetrically distributed openings at specific locations. This structure forms a strongly localized electric field concentration region through electromagnetic coupling between the inner and outer rings, generating a significant capacitance effect, especially at the split points, making it highly sensitive to changes in the dielectric properties of the external medium. When a plant leaf sample is quantitatively cut and brought into contact with the sensor surface, changes in its biochemical state, such as water content, ion concentration, or cell structure, will disturb the electromagnetic field distribution around the double-split ring, causing an observable shift in the resonant frequency. Therefore, this double-split-ring structure 6 achieves highly sensitive non-contact detection of the dielectric properties of trace biological samples.

[0039] To clarify, such as Figure 3 As shown, experimental results indicate that the S11 parameter value of a sensor using a conventional patch structure is approximately 18 dB, while the S11 parameter value of a sensor using the split-ring pattern structure proposed in this application can reach approximately 32 dB. In other words, this numerical difference directly reflects that the split-ring pattern can generate stronger electromagnetic field coupling and resonance effects.

[0040] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the quantitative ring-cutting device includes: Platform 7 is located on the surface of the fingertip of the first finger sleeve 1; The die 8, mounted on the platform 7, has an annular thin-walled structure, and its outer edge is provided with an annular cutting edge for cutting the solid to be tested. The platform 7 surrounded by the die 8 and the inner wall of the die 8 together form a accommodating space for accommodating the cut sample.

[0041] In this way, by cutting with a ring-shaped blade of fixed diameter, the sample area and thickness obtained each time are ensured to be consistent, thereby guaranteeing the comparability and repeatability of the test results. Furthermore, the containment space can temporarily hold the cut blade discs, preventing them from falling off or being contaminated by external factors, thus ensuring the accuracy of the test.

[0042] In some embodiments, the bottom of the die 8 is embedded in the platform 7, and the portion of the platform 7 surrounding the die 8 and the portion encircled by the die 8 is made of elastic material and extends to the height of the annular cutting edge near the die 8.

[0043] Thus, when the user performs the detection operation and applies pressure with their fingers, the elastic material undergoes localized deformation under pressure, causing the die 8 and its cutting edge to protrude relatively, successfully cutting the plant leaf to complete quantitative sampling. After sampling, as the pressure is released, the elastic material returns to its original shape, covering the cutting edge again to prevent it from being exposed, thereby effectively protecting the cutting edge from external scratches and realizing an adaptive response mechanism of "pressing out the blade and releasing the blade".

[0044] In some embodiments, the diameter of the die 8 matches the diameter of the outermost metal ring of the double-split ring structure 6.

[0045] Thus, the above structural design enables the sample cut by the quantitative ring-cutting device to achieve precise spatial alignment with the effective sensing area of ​​the RF resonant sensor. Since the electromagnetic field of the double-cracked ring structure 6 is mainly concentrated in the outermost metal ring and its surrounding near-field region, matching the sample cutting size with the diameter of this sensitive area ensures that the sample completely covers and fully utilizes the high-sensitivity sensing area. At the same time, this size-matching design avoids problems such as the sample being too large and exceeding the edge of the sensing area, thus introducing non-uniform response, or the sample being too small, resulting in low utilization of the sensing area and a decrease in the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0046] In some embodiments, it also includes: Impedance transformer 10 is connected in series between the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module and the radio frequency resonant sensor; it is used to achieve impedance matching between the radio frequency resonant sensor and the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module.

[0047] Thus, by setting an impedance transformer 10 between the RF signal acquisition circuit module and the RF resonant sensor, critical impedance matching in the sensing loop is achieved, ensuring that the excitation signal output by the RF signal acquisition circuit module is efficiently transmitted to the RF resonant sensor. If there is an impedance mismatch between the RF resonant sensor and the RF signal acquisition circuit, some RF energy will be reflected, which will not only reduce the excitation signal strength and weaken the resonant response, but may also cause signal distortion, baseline drift, or increased measurement noise, seriously affecting detection sensitivity and repeatability.

[0048] In some embodiments, the device further includes a feed line 9 electrically connected to the impedance transformer 10.

[0049] The feed line 9 is used to realize the input of the radio frequency excitation signal from the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module to the radio frequency resonant sensor, and the transmission of the reflected signal from the radio frequency resonant sensor back to the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module.

[0050] In some embodiments, the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module and the impedance transformer are made of flexible circuit boards.

[0051] The radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module can be integrated into the base of the finger in the second finger sleeve 2.

[0052] Thus, this design gives the entire radio frequency sensing system good mechanical flexibility and bendability, allowing it to conform to the curved surface of the finger with the second finger sleeve, maintaining structural integrity and stable electrical performance when the user performs a pinching operation.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module is specifically implemented as a fully integrated, inductor-free, single-port on-chip vector network analyzer (VNA) chip manufactured using a 65nm CMOS process, as detailed below. Figure 5 As shown. This chip highly integrates signal excitation, separation, amplification and processing functions, and its overall size can be controlled within a very small range. Specifically, the chip occupies an area of ​​0.01767 mm (188μm×98μm), which is very suitable for embedding in the flexible finger sleeve structure described in this application.

[0054] The working principle of this radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module will be explained in detail below: First, the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) integrated within the chip generates an RF excitation signal with a frequency that can be swept within the range of 0.5 GHz to 2.5 GHz. This swept RF excitation signal is then fed to an electrically connected RF resonant sensor. When the signal reaches the sensor, some energy is absorbed, while the rest is reflected back according to the sensor's impedance characteristics, forming a reflected signal. To accurately measure the sensor's reflection characteristics, the RF signal acquisition circuit module of this application employs an innovative resistive directional bridge structure. This directional bridge can efficiently separate the incident "reference signal" from the signal source from the "reflected signal" returned from the RF resonant sensor, outputting two independent signal paths, thereby avoiding mutual interference between signals and laying the foundation for subsequent accurate measurements. Since these two separated signals are typically very weak, they will enter two performance-matched low-noise amplifiers (LNAs). The LNAs amplify the signals with high gain while effectively suppressing noise introduced by the circuit itself and the environment, significantly improving the system's signal-to-noise ratio and measurement stability. Finally, the amplified and filtered analog signal is sent to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to be converted into a digital signal. These digital signals are processed by an on-chip integrated digital signal processor (DSP) to calculate the S11 parameters characterizing the sensor state according to a preset algorithm.

[0055] Thus, through the above design, this application successfully integrates the core functions of a fully functional vector network analyzer onto a tiny CMOS chip, which not only greatly simplifies the structure and reduces cost and power consumption, but also ensures high accuracy and reliability of the detection data, perfectly meeting the application requirements of portable, on-site detection in this application.

[0056] This application also provides a system for monitoring biochemical indicators, including: The mobile terminal and the aforementioned finger sleeve are electrically connected to the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module of the finger sleeve. The mobile terminal is used to supply power to the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module and to receive data sent by the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module, thereby determining the monitored biochemical indicators.

[0057] Specifically, regarding power supply, the RF signal acquisition circuit module can be powered by a 5V / 1A DC power supply provided by the mobile terminal via a USB interface. The RF signal acquisition circuit module transmits RF excitation signals to the RF resonant sensor and receives its reflected signals. The RF signal acquisition circuit module processes the received signals and then transmits the corresponding data to the mobile terminal via the USB interface.

[0058] Thus, by electrically connecting the finger sleeve to a mobile terminal, this application constructs a complete biochemical indicator monitoring system. The mobile terminal not only provides power to the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module on the finger sleeve, avoiding the bulk and maintenance burden of an additional battery, but also receives the radio frequency response data transmitted by the finger sleeve, calculates and displays the monitored biochemical indicators. This system achieves a closed-loop process from "physical sampling" to "result output," allowing users to obtain quantitative test results with just one natural pinching action, truly realizing "testing with a single pinch." Compared to traditional detection methods relying on laboratory instruments, this system has significant advantages such as portability, speed, intelligence, and low cost, making it particularly suitable for field operations, non-professional operation, and high-frequency dynamic monitoring scenarios, providing an efficient and reliable intelligent solution for crop health diagnosis.

[0059] It is important to emphasize that the radio frequency resonant sensor described in this invention achieves highly sensitive detection of plant samples based on the microwave resonance principle. Its core sensing unit is a metal radiating patch with a double-cleft ring structure. When a plant sample directly contacts this double-cleft ring region, it alters the dielectric environment near the sensor surface, causing a significant change in the electromagnetic characteristics of the metal patch antenna, primarily manifested as a shift in resonant frequency and a change in the amplitude of the reflection coefficient S11. The sensor signal is acquired via a wired connection: the radio frequency resonant sensor and the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module are electrically connected via a high-frequency transmission line integrated on a flexible circuit board. The radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module is responsible for inputting a sweep frequency excitation signal to the radio frequency resonant sensor and measuring its S11 response curve in real time to obtain key parameters such as resonant frequency, peak depth, and bandwidth. The acquired raw data is processed and then transmitted to a mobile terminal (such as a smartphone or tablet) for data display, analysis, and visualization. See details... Figure 6 The schematic diagram shown is shown.

[0060] This application also provides a method for monitoring biochemical indicators, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the system for monitoring biochemical indicators includes a method comprising: S601. When the thumb with the first finger sleeve and the index finger with the second finger sleeve are inserted into the two sides of the sheet-like part of the plant to be tested and pinched together, a sample of fixed volume is cut from the sheet-like part of the plant to be tested through a quantitative cutting ring device. S602, The cut sample directly contacts the surface of the radio frequency resonant sensor, causing the resonant frequency of the radio frequency sensor to shift and / or the reflection coefficient to change; S603, the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module transmits a radio frequency excitation signal to the radio frequency resonant sensor and receives its reflected signal, wherein the change in the resonant frequency of the radio frequency sensor and / or the change in the reflection coefficient will cause the change in the reflected signal; S604, the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module processes the received signals and transmits the corresponding data to the mobile terminal; S605. The mobile terminal determines the biochemical index value of the sample to be tested based on the received data.

[0061] Thus, using the above method, users only need a single natural pinching motion to complete the entire process from sampling to result presentation, truly achieving "one-pinch testing." This method supports on-site, non-destructive, and continuous monitoring, and is suitable for high-frequency crop health diagnosis in complex field environments. It not only significantly reduces the detection threshold and technical dependence, but also provides quantifiable, traceable, and networkable data support for intelligent agricultural management, exhibiting significant advantages such as high efficiency, convenience, accuracy, and strong practicality.

[0062] To illustrate the above method more clearly, this application provides two specific embodiments.

[0063] First embodiment: Taking the detection of leaf moisture content as an example for explanation.

[0064] Step 1: Wear the smart finger sleeves on the operator's fingers, preferably with the thumb wearing the first finger sleeve 1 and the index finger wearing the second finger sleeve 2; Step 2: When the thumb and forefinger are inserted into the sheet-like part of the plant to be tested and pinched together, a sample of fixed volume is cut from the sheet-like part of the plant to be tested through the quantitative cutting ring device. The cut sample directly contacts the radio frequency resonant sensor. Step 3: When the blade sample comes into contact with the radio frequency resonant sensor, its dielectric properties will change the distribution of the electromagnetic field around the sensor, which is equivalent to increasing the effective capacitance of the sensor, thereby causing its resonant frequency to shift. Step 4: Activate the RF signal acquisition circuit module, transmit a swept-frequency RF excitation signal to the RF resonant sensor, and receive its reflected signal. Since the sensor absorbs electromagnetic energy most strongly and reflects it weakly near the resonant frequency, the spectral graph of the reflection coefficient S11 as a function of frequency is obtained by measuring the voltage ratio of the reflected wave to the incident wave at each frequency point, and the spectral graph is sent to the mobile terminal. Step 5: The mobile terminal receives the spectrum of S11 and frequency, where the horizontal axis represents the frequency parameters and the vertical axis represents the S11 parameters. Each spectral line corresponds to the resonant response characteristics of a sample, and its lowest point is the resonant frequency f1 under the current conditions. The frequency baseline f0 is the initial resonant frequency of the RF resonant sensor in the absence of a sample. The frequency offset Δf = f1 - f0 is calculated to determine the water content of the circular leaf sample.

[0065] Specifically, by testing multiple standard samples with known moisture content, a database of spectral line clusters exhibiting regular trends is established. The frequency offset Δf of each sample is extracted and fitted to its actual moisture content, which can be determined by the drying method, as a reference value, to construct a model of the "frequency offset - moisture content" curve, such as... Figure 8 As shown.

[0066] For unknown samples, the frequency offset Δf can be identified through steps 1 to 5 above. This offset is then substituted into the model to calculate the corresponding moisture content value, and the result is displayed intuitively on the mobile terminal interface in the form of numbers, percentages, or color grades.

[0067] also, Figure 8 The relationship curves between "frequency offset (Δf) - leaf moisture content" are shown under two different detection methods, namely the quantitative monitoring method proposed in this invention and the traditional random sampling method.

[0068] Specifically, in the quantitative monitoring mode of this invention, as the leaf moisture content gradually increases from 0% to 100%, the frequency offset (Δf) measured by the radio frequency resonant sensor exhibits a stable, continuous, and predictable trend: Δf steadily increases from approximately 2 MHz to approximately 7 MHz. This trend demonstrates good linearity and repeatability, indicating that the radio frequency resonant sensor is highly sensitive and stable to moisture changes, enabling high-precision and quantifiable monitoring of plant leaf moisture content.

[0069] In contrast, the data points obtained by the "random sampling" method are extremely scattered and lack clear regularity. Under the same moisture content conditions, the measurement results fluctuate drastically, with significant errors, and cannot form a stable response curve. This reflects that traditional random sampling methods are greatly affected by factors such as uneven sample selection, environmental interference, and operational differences, resulting in poor repeatability and low reliability of measurement results, making them difficult to use for accurate quantitative analysis.

[0070] Therefore, the quantitative monitoring method based on a double-split-ring structure radio frequency resonant sensor adopted in this invention has significant advantages in sensitivity, consistency, and reliability compared to traditional random sampling methods. The data exhibits a clear trend, verifying that the radio frequency resonant sensor of this application possesses the capability to achieve accurate and repeatable quantitative monitoring of moisture content in practical applications.

[0071] Second embodiment: Taking the detection of whether spinach leaves are contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus in excessive amounts as an example for explanation.

[0072] Please note the following in advance: Staphylococcus aureus has a stable reproductive cycle under suitable conditions, completing one generation of division in approximately 20 minutes. This invention utilizes this characteristic: by measuring the change in resonant frequency before and after 20 minutes, Δf = f2 - f1, it determines whether the value exceeds the food safety or agricultural safety threshold.

[0073] Step 1: Wear the smart finger sleeves on the operator's fingers, preferably with the thumb wearing the first finger sleeve 1 and the index finger wearing the second finger sleeve 2; Step 2: When the thumb and forefinger are inserted into the sheet-like part of the plant to be tested and pinched together, a sample of fixed volume is cut from the sheet-like part of the plant to be tested through the quantitative cutting ring device. The cut sample directly contacts the radio frequency resonant sensor. Step 3: When the blade sample comes into contact with the radio frequency resonant sensor, its dielectric properties will change the distribution of the electromagnetic field around the sensor, which is equivalent to increasing the effective capacitance of the sensor, thereby causing its resonant frequency to shift. Step 4: Activate the RF signal acquisition circuit module, transmit a swept-frequency RF excitation signal to the RF resonant sensor, and receive its reflected signal. Since the sensor absorbs electromagnetic energy most strongly and reflects it weakly near the resonant frequency, the spectral graph of the reflection coefficient S11 as a function of frequency is obtained by measuring the voltage ratio of the reflected wave to the incident wave at each frequency point, and the spectral graph is sent to the mobile terminal. Step 5: The mobile terminal receives the spectrum of S11 and frequency, where the horizontal axis represents the frequency parameter and the vertical axis represents the S11 parameter. Each spectrum line corresponds to the resonant response characteristics of a sample, and its lowest point is the resonant frequency f1 under the current conditions, which serves as the initial state reference value. Step 6: After 20 minutes, repeat step 4 to collect the reflected signal from the RF resonant sensor again. Step 7: The mobile terminal receives the spectrum of S11 and the frequency. The lowest point is the resonant frequency f2 under the current conditions. Step 8: Calculate the resonant frequency offset, Δf = f2 - f1, and determine whether the current change exceeds the safety threshold by using the Δf value within 20 minutes under different initial colony concentrations of the pre-established calibration curve.

[0074] Substitute the measured Δf value into the pre-calibrated "initial colony concentration - Δf response curve", such as... Figure 9 As shown, the contamination level of the sample can be deduced.

[0075] Furthermore, the terms "first, second, third, etc." or similar terms such as module A, module B, and module C used in the specification and claims are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of objects. It is understood that, where permissible, a specific order or sequence may be interchanged so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0076] In the above description, the labels of the steps involved, such as S110, S120, etc., do not mean that the steps will necessarily be executed. The order of the steps can be interchanged or executed simultaneously if permitted.

[0077] The term "comprising" as used in the specification and claims should not be construed as limiting itself to what follows; it does not exclude other elements or steps. Therefore, it should be interpreted as specifying the presence of the mentioned feature, integral, step, or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, or components, or groups thereof. Thus, the statement "device comprising means A and B" should not be limited to a device consisting solely of components A and B.

[0078] The terms "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" as used in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, the terms "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but may refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, in one or more embodiments, the particular features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure.

[0079] Note that the above are merely preferred embodiments and the technical principles employed in this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, although this application has been described in detail through the above embodiments, this application is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of this application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A radio frequency resonant sensing finger sleeve for quantitative biochemical detection, characterized in that, include: The finger sleeve assembly includes a first finger sleeve (1), a second finger sleeve (2), and a connecting part (3) for connecting the first finger sleeve (1) and the second finger sleeve (2), wherein the first finger sleeve (1) and the second finger sleeve (2) are respectively used to put on the thumb and the index finger; A quantitative ring-cutting device is provided on the surface of the fingertip of the first finger sleeve (1); A radio frequency resonant sensor is disposed on the surface of the fingertip of the second finger sleeve (2); The radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module is located at the base of the finger of the second finger sleeve (2), and is electrically connected to the radio frequency resonant sensor. It is configured to transmit a sweep frequency excitation signal to the radio frequency resonant sensor and receive its reflected signal. When the thumb, which is covered by the first finger sleeve (1), and the index finger, which is covered by the second finger sleeve (2), are inserted into the two sides of the sheet-like part of the plant to be tested and pinched together, a sample of fixed volume is cut from the sheet-like part of the plant to be tested through the quantitative cutting ring device. The cut sample directly contacts the surface of the radio frequency resonant sensor, causing the resonant frequency of the radio frequency sensor to shift and / or the reflection coefficient to change, so that the reflected signal of the radio frequency resonant sensor received by the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module changes.

2. The finger sleeve as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The radio frequency resonant sensor includes: The flexible substrate (4) located on the surface of the fingertip of the second finger sleeve (2), the metal radiating patch antenna (5) disposed on the flexible substrate (4), and the double-cracked ring structure (6) etched on the metal radiating patch antenna (5).

3. The finger sleeve as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The double-cracked ring structure (6) includes two sets of concentric nested metal rings with symmetrical openings.

4. The finger sleeve as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The quantitative ring-cutting device includes: Platform (7) located on the surface of the fingertip of the first finger sleeve (1); The die (8) mounted on the platform (7) has a ring-shaped thin-walled structure, and its outer edge is provided with a ring-shaped cutting edge for cutting the solid to be tested; The platform (7) surrounded by the die (8) and the inner wall of the die (8) together form a accommodating space for accommodating the cut sample.

5. The finger sleeve as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the die (8) is embedded in the platform (7), and the portion of the platform (7) surrounding the die (8) and the portion of the die (8) being surrounded by the die is made of elastic material and extends to the height of the annular cutting edge near the die (8).

6. The finger sleeve as described in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The diameter of the die (8) matches the diameter of the outermost metal ring of the double-split ring structure (6).

7. The finger sleeve as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: An impedance transformer (10) is connected in series between the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module and the radio frequency resonant sensor; This is used to achieve impedance matching between the radio frequency resonant sensor and the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module.

8. The finger sleeve as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module and the impedance transformer (10) are made of flexible circuit boards.

9. A system for monitoring biochemical indicators, characterized in that, include: The mobile terminal and the finger sleeve according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the mobile terminal is electrically connected to the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module of the finger sleeve, for supplying power to the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module, and receiving data sent by the radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module, and determining the monitored biochemical indicators accordingly.

10. A method for monitoring biochemical indicators, characterized in that, Using the system for monitoring biochemical indicators according to claim 9, the method includes: When the thumb, which is covered with the first finger cot, and the index finger, which is covered with the second finger cot, are inserted into the two sides of the sheet-like part of the plant to be tested and pinched together, a sample of fixed volume is cut from the sheet-like part of the plant to be tested through a quantitative cutting ring device. The cut sample comes into direct contact with the surface of the radio frequency resonant sensor, causing the resonant frequency of the radio frequency sensor to shift and / or the reflection coefficient to change. The radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module transmits a radio frequency excitation signal to the radio frequency resonant sensor and receives its reflected signal, wherein the change in the resonant frequency of the radio frequency sensor and / or the change in the reflection coefficient will cause the change in the reflected signal; The radio frequency signal acquisition circuit module processes the received signals and transmits the corresponding data to the mobile terminal. The mobile terminal determines the biochemical index values ​​of the sample to be tested based on the received data.

Images