Display device and control method of display device

Abstract

The invention provides a display device and a control method of the display device. The display device comprises a display panel; the liquid crystal dimming layer is arranged on the light emitting side of the display panel; the driving control layer is electrically connected with the liquid crystal dimming layer and used for applying driving voltage to the liquid crystal dimming layer; the visual acquisition unit is arranged on the backlight side of the display panel and is used for acquiring an observation angle of a viewer relative to the display panel; the control unit is in signal connection with the visual acquisition unit and the driving control layer; wherein a voltage-angle compensation mapping relation is pre-stored in the control unit, and the control unit is configured to query the voltage-angle compensation mapping relation based on the observation angle to obtain a target driving voltage; and the driving control layer is controlled to apply a target driving voltage to the liquid crystal dimming layer so as to drive the liquid crystal dimming layer to integrally deflect, so that the light emitting direction of the display panel is adjusted to face a viewer. The problem of visual angle color cast under different visual angles is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and more particularly to a display device and a control method for the display device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of display technology, organic light-emitting diode (OLED) devices are increasingly being used in flexible display products, such as high-end mobile devices, wearable devices, virtual reality display devices, and augmented reality display devices, due to their advantages such as self-illumination, light weight, thinness, high color gamut, fast response speed, and flexibility.

[0003] However, due to the limitations of its own material physics properties and device structure, OLED display technology, while providing an excellent visual experience, suffers from the problem of viewpoint bias. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a display device and a control method for the display device, which eliminates or reduces viewing angle deviation and improves display viewing angle characteristics through dynamic optical compensation.

[0005] In view of the above objectives, in a first aspect, this application provides a display device, comprising: Display panel; A liquid crystal dimming layer is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel; A driving control layer, electrically connected to the liquid crystal dimming layer, is used to apply a driving voltage to the liquid crystal dimming layer; A visual acquisition unit is disposed on the backlight side of the display panel and is used to acquire the viewing angle of the viewer relative to the display panel; The control unit is connected to both the vision acquisition unit and the drive control layer via signals. The control unit has a pre-stored voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship, and the control unit is configured as follows: Based on the observation angle, the voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship is queried to obtain the target driving voltage; and the driving control layer is controlled to apply the target driving voltage to the liquid crystal dimming layer to drive the liquid crystal dimming layer to deflect as a whole, so that the light emission direction of the display panel is adjusted to face the viewer.

[0006] Optionally, the driving control layer is configured to apply the target driving voltage uniformly to the liquid crystal dimming layer.

[0007] Optionally, the voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship is obtained based on the calibration of the display color, and the calibration includes: determining the target driving voltage required to cause the liquid crystal dimming layer to generate a corresponding deflection in order to compensate for the viewing angle color shift of the display panel under different viewing angles.

[0008] Optionally, the display chromaticity includes at least one of chromaticity coordinates and luminance.

[0009] Optionally, the display device includes a support assembly disposed on the backlight side of the display panel, and the visual acquisition unit is at least partially built into the support assembly.

[0010] Optionally, the visual acquisition unit includes a camera or an infrared sensor.

[0011] Optionally, the display panel is an OLED display panel.

[0012] Optionally, the driving control layer includes a thin-film transistor array located between the display panel and the liquid crystal dimming layer.

[0013] Optionally, the display device further includes a transparent conductive layer disposed on the side of the liquid crystal dimming layer away from the display panel, the transparent conductive layer being disposed opposite to the thin film transistor array to form a capacitor for applying the driving voltage.

[0014] Secondly, this application also provides a method for controlling a display device, the method comprising: Obtain the viewer's viewing angle relative to the display panel; Based on the observation angle, query the pre-stored voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship to obtain the target driving voltage; The target driving voltage is applied to the liquid crystal dimming layer disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel to drive the liquid crystal dimming layer to deflect, thereby adjusting the light emission direction of the display panel to face the viewer.

[0015] The display device provided in this application, by setting up a liquid crystal dimming layer, a visual acquisition unit and a control unit, and utilizing a pre-stored voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship, realizes the application of a driving voltage to the liquid crystal dimming layer according to the real-time position of the viewer, so that the liquid crystal dimming layer produces an overall and uniform deflection, thereby dynamically adjusting the light emitted by each pixel of the display panel to face the viewer. It can compensate for the RGB spectrum difference caused by the OLED microcavity effect that varies with the angle, solve the problem of viewer angle deviation under different viewing angles, and improve color consistency and visual realism.

[0016] Furthermore, by leveraging a pre-stored voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship and combining it with a control method that applies a uniform driving voltage to the liquid crystal dimming layer to achieve overall deflection, the problem of complex real-time calculations and multi-electrode partitioning driving required in traditional active optics schemes is overcome. The control unit can obtain a single voltage value by looking up a table based on the observation angle, simplifying system complexity and reducing power consumption and cost. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device according to another embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device according to an embodiment of this application from a normal viewing angle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device according to an embodiment of this application from another perspective; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device according to another embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the control method for the display device of this application.

[0019] Marker explanation: 100. Display device; 10. Display panel; 11. Pixel unit; 20. Liquid crystal dimming layer; 30. Drive control layer; 40. Vision acquisition unit; 50. Control unit; 60. Support component; 70. Transparent conductive layer. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in the embodiments of this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0022] Viewpoint color bias refers to the phenomenon where the color perceived by an observer when viewing an OLED display from an angle not perpendicular to the screen normal (i.e., an oblique viewing angle) deviates significantly from the color perceived at a normal viewing angle (i.e., along the screen normal). For example, what appears as pure white at a normal viewing angle may appear bluish, yellowish, or other hues at a large oblique viewing angle. The inventors of this application have discovered that the root cause of this problem lies primarily in the inherent "microcavity effect" of OLED devices and the viewing angle dependence of different luminescent materials.

[0023] Specifically, a typical OLED device structure can be viewed as an optical microcavity, where light undergoes multiple reflections and interferences between the cathode (reflective layer) and the anode (semi-transparent layer). This interference effect affects different wavelengths (i.e., different colors) of light to varying degrees, causing the luminous efficiency, spectral peak value, and full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the three primary colors (red, green, and blue) to change inconsistently with the viewing angle. In other words, the attenuation rate and chromaticity coordinate shift of the RGB three colors differ in the tilt direction. This difference disrupts the carefully balanced RGB grayscale at a normal viewing angle, ultimately resulting in a viewing angle color shift.

[0024] Viewing angle bias severely impacts the user experience of OLED display products, especially when multiple users are viewing the product together, or when automotive displays or mobile devices are held at different angles, color consistency cannot be guaranteed. Related technologies for improving viewing angle characteristics largely focus on optimizing the OLED device structure itself, such as designing specific optical films or optimizing the emissive layer stacking. However, these methods still have room for improvement in terms of viewing angle enhancement, process complexity, and cost.

[0025] On the other hand, in the fields of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and other display technologies, there are techniques that adjust the direction of light by adding optical layers to improve viewing angles or achieve specific optical effects. However, these techniques mainly target the improvement of brightness uniformity and viewing range. Their optical adjustment aims to make the light "bend" towards the human eye, rather than specifically correcting the color shift caused by differences in the light paths of different colors. The way they drive the dimming structure usually involves complex control of multiple independent electrodes to achieve light focusing, and they are not optimized for the color shift problem of the microcavity effect unique to OLEDs.

[0026] Based on this, this application provides a solution for a display device that can effectively compensate for the viewing angle piezoresistion of an OLED display panel, and has a relatively simple structure that is easy to implement.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a display device 100. The display device 100 includes a display panel 10, a liquid crystal dimming layer 20, a drive control layer 30, a vision acquisition unit 40, and a control unit 50. The liquid crystal dimming layer 20 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel 10. The drive control layer 30 is electrically connected to the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 and is used to apply a drive voltage to the liquid crystal dimming layer 20. The vision acquisition unit 40 is disposed on the backlight side of the display panel 10 and is used to acquire the viewing angle of a viewer relative to the display panel 10. The control unit 50 is signal-connected to both the vision acquisition unit 40 and the drive control layer 30.

[0028] The control unit 50 has a pre-stored voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship. The control unit 50 is configured to: query the voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship based on the observation angle to obtain the target driving voltage; and control the driving control layer 30 to apply the target driving voltage to the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 to drive the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 to deflect as a whole, so that the light emission direction of the display panel 10 is adjusted to face the viewer.

[0029] Specifically, the display panel 10 uses an OLED display panel for image display. A liquid crystal dimming layer 20 is stacked on the light-emitting side of the display panel 10, and the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 includes electrically deflectable nematic liquid crystal. The driving control layer 30 includes a thin-film transistor array, electrically connected to the liquid crystal dimming layer 20, and is used to apply a driving voltage to control the deflection of the liquid crystal. The visual acquisition unit 40 includes a camera, which can be integrated into the bezel of the display panel, for real-time capture of the viewer's eye position. The control unit 50 can be, for example, a microprocessor, microcontroller, or integrated circuit, and its internal memory stores a voltage-angle compensation mapping table. When the visual acquisition unit 40 detects a change in the viewer's viewing angle, the control unit 50 outputs a corresponding target driving voltage to the driving control layer 30 according to the mapping table, driving the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 to deflect as a whole, adjusting the light emission direction of the display panel 10 to face the viewer. Here, "light emission direction facing the viewer" means reducing the incident angle of light in the viewer's observation angle direction, making the light emission direction close to directly facing the viewer, that is, the light enters the eye perpendicularly or nearly perpendicularly.

[0030] The voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship can be a dataset obtained in advance through experimental calibration and stored in the control unit, based on the viewing angle color deviation characteristics of the display panel. Specifically, under a fixed display panel driving state, a calibration process is executed at multiple preset viewing angles. First, the uncompensated display chromaticity of the display panel is measured at the viewing angle. Then, the driving voltage applied to the liquid crystal dimming layer is adjusted, and the display chromaticity modulated by the liquid crystal dimming layer is measured simultaneously. Through iterative comparison, a specific driving voltage is determined that best matches the modulated display chromaticity with the reference chromaticity of the display panel at the normal viewing angle, and the correspondence between this viewing angle and this specific driving voltage is recorded. Finally, the correspondences at all viewing angles are integrated to form a complete voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship. During operation, the control unit, based on the viewing angle acquired in real time by the vision acquisition unit, directly queries this pre-stored mapping relationship to obtain the corresponding target driving voltage, and then controls the driving control layer to apply a uniform voltage, driving the liquid crystal dimming layer to deflect as a whole. For example, first, test the color brightness of the sample at a vertical viewing angle; then tilt the lens at a certain angle and adjust the liquid crystal driving voltage to obtain the voltage value when the color brightness is consistent with the brightness at a vertical viewing angle; then tilt the lens at a certain angle and repeat the operation to obtain the liquid crystal driving voltage-angle curve; finally, after the camera recognizes the angle between the screen and the human eye, retrieve the liquid crystal driving voltage-angle curve and control the liquid crystal deflection to make the light output direction point towards the human eye.

[0031] like Figure 4As shown, since the deflection of the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 is global and uniform, equivalent to an adjustable-angle prism, the light emitted by all pixels of the display panel 10 can be directionally corrected as a whole. This compensates for the angle-related RGB spectral differences caused by the microcavity effect, allowing each color of light to enter the human eye in a more consistent proportion, thus achieving color correction. Therefore, this single-voltage-driven overall deflection scheme achieves consistent correction of complex spectral angle characteristics with simple control logic and structure.

[0032] The display device 100 provided in this application embodiment detects the position of the human eye in real time and drives the liquid crystal to deflect, so that the light always enters at a positive angle, effectively eliminating the viewing angle deviation caused by the characteristics of OLED materials and the microcavity effect.

[0033] Meanwhile, by employing an electronically controlled LCD deflection system in conjunction with visual tracking, real-time viewing angle correction can be achieved.

[0034] Furthermore, compared to related technologies that passively improve viewing angle characteristics by optimizing the OLED microcavity structure, the active optical path correction scheme provided in this application does not rely on complex adjustments to the OLED light-emitting material or device structure, thus offering advantages in manufacturing cost and process compatibility. Unlike LCD solutions that use complex electrode control to form a fine prism network to converge light, this embodiment employs a global voltage to drive the overall deflection of the liquid crystal layer. This means that the driving voltage applied by the driving control layer 30 to the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 is spatially uniform, reducing system complexity and power consumption.

[0035] It should be noted that the overall deflection of the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 in this application means that the deflection angle is uniform throughout its entire effective area. This differs from related technologies that use fine refractive index gradients (such as microprism arrays) to precisely focus light, which typically requires complex control of a large number of individual electrodes. The uniform deflection mode simplifies the driving layer design and reduces control complexity and power consumption.

[0036] It should be further explained that although the viewing angle dependence of different color sub-pixels in an OLED display panel differs due to the microcavity effect, this application achieves overall deflection by driving the liquid crystal dimming layer 20. Essentially, it adjusts the direction of light emitted from all pixels of the display panel 10 as a whole. This adjustment does not distinguish between red, green, or blue light; instead, it corrects the imbalance in the RGB light intensity ratio reaching the human eye at tilted viewing angles by changing the overall propagation path of the light, which was originally caused by different propagation paths. When the light is adjusted to enter the human eye in a direction close to the normal, the additional attenuation and dispersion differences experienced by each color light due to the microcavity effect are minimized simultaneously, thereby restoring the color perceived by the human eye to a state similar to that at a normal viewing angle. This overall correction approach simplifies the driving and control structure while effectively improving viewing angle deflection.

[0037] In some embodiments, the drive control layer 30 is configured to apply a uniform target drive voltage to the liquid crystal dimming layer 20.

[0038] Specifically, the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 includes multiple liquid crystal cells, which are uniformly arranged across the entire surface without any partitioned control structure. The driving control layer 30 applies the same voltage value to the entire liquid crystal layer through a common electrode to achieve overall deflection. The control unit 50 retrieves the corresponding voltage value from the voltage-angle mapping table based on the observation angle obtained by the vision acquisition unit 40, and drives the entire liquid crystal layer to deflect synchronously.

[0039] The drive control layer 30 eliminates the need for partitioned drive circuits, reducing system complexity and cost. The liquid crystal dimming layer 20 employs a uniform structure across the entire surface, facilitating mass production and bonding. In scenarios where the viewer is a single person or the viewing angle remains relatively constant, overall deflection is sufficient to meet correction requirements.

[0040] In some embodiments, the voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship is obtained based on display chromaticity calibration, which includes determining the target driving voltage required to cause the liquid crystal dimming layer to deflect accordingly in order to compensate for the viewing angle chromaticity of the display panel at different viewing angles.

[0041] Specifically, the voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship is obtained through the following calibration procedure: The display colorimetry of the display panel 10 was measured under multiple preset observation angles; Adjust the driving voltage applied to the liquid crystal dimming layer 20, and measure the display color after passing through the liquid crystal dimming layer 20; The driving voltage that matches the display color after passing through the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 with the reference color of the display panel 10 at a normal viewing angle is determined and used as the target driving voltage corresponding to the current observation angle.

[0042] The voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship is obtained based on the viewing angle color deviation characteristics of the display panel 10. Specifically, the voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship is obtained in advance through experimental calibration. The mapping relationship based on experimental data ensures accurate correction and effectively improves viewing angle color deviation.

[0043] For example, the specific calibration process for the voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship is as follows: In a darkroom, the display device 100 is fixed to a rotating platform, and a spectrometer is used to measure the original chromaticity coordinates and brightness of the display panel 10 at multiple preset observation angles. Subsequently, different driving voltages are applied to the liquid crystal dimming layer 20, and the chromaticity coordinates and brightness after deflection by the liquid crystal layer are measured. By comparing the reference chromaticity at a normal viewing angle, the optimal driving voltage for chromaticity matching at each observation angle is determined, a mapping table is formed, and written into the memory of the control unit 50. Personalized calibration can also be performed for display panels of different batches or models to improve compatibility.

[0044] The calibration process essentially involves finding an optimal liquid crystal deflection angle (controlled by voltage) for each observation angle. This deflection angle compensates for the RGB spectral shift caused by the OLED microcavity effect at that observation angle, allowing the overall spectral characteristics of the emitted light to return to the normal viewing angle. Therefore, the pre-stored mapping table essentially stores the optimal driving voltage data for this specific display device at different observation angles, enabling the control unit to quickly obtain and output the target driving voltage through table lookup.

[0045] In some embodiments, the display chromaticity includes at least one of chromaticity coordinates and luminance.

[0046] During calibration, chromaticity coordinates and luminance are used as evaluation indicators for display chromaticity. For example, by adjusting the driving voltage, the error between the chromaticity coordinates after deflection by the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 and the reference chromaticity coordinates at the normal viewing angle is less than 0.005, and the luminance difference is less than 5%. Finally, the minimum driving voltage that satisfies the chromaticity matching conditions at each observation angle is recorded and stored in the mapping table as the target driving voltage. Using chromaticity error as the calibration target ensures visual consistency. Controlling luminance attenuation while correcting chromaticity coordinates improves viewing comfort.

[0047] Among them, chromaticity coordinates are used to define color attributes, excluding brightness factors, and can directly reflect the "hue" and "saturation" of a color.

[0048] The unit of brightness is cd / m², which describes the intensity of light and affects the human eye's perception of the brightness of an image.

[0049] In optional embodiments, display chromaticity may also include color temperature, which can be calculated from chromaticity coordinates for white or neutral gray screens. Color temperature deviation can be used as an additional constraint when calibrating a white screen. Display chromaticity may also include spectral power distribution. In more advanced calibrations, full-spectrum curves can be directly compared, providing a more comprehensive assessment of color reproduction, but this involves a large amount of data and is typically used for research or high-precision professional equipment.

[0050] During calibration and real-time correction, the control unit 50 simultaneously compares chromaticity coordinates and luminance to ensure the overall display effect closely approximates the normal viewing angle. It also corrects color and brightness simultaneously to improve overall display quality. This aligns with the human eye's varying sensitivities to color and brightness, optimizing the viewing experience.

[0051] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the display device 100 includes a support component 60, which is disposed on the backlight side of the display panel 10, and the visual acquisition unit 40 is at least partially built into the support component 60.

[0052] In one specific embodiment, the support component 60 uses stainless steel foil (SCF) as its main structure, serving to support, fix, and protect internal precision optical and electronic components. The thickness of the stainless steel foil is typically between 0.05 mm and 0.2 mm, and it possesses high strength, high rigidity, excellent corrosion resistance, and good machinability.

[0053] In some embodiments, the visual acquisition unit 40 includes a camera or an infrared sensor.

[0054] Furthermore, the visual acquisition unit 40 can calculate the horizontal and vertical deflection angles of the center point of the line connecting the viewer's eyes relative to the normal of the display panel 10, which together define the observation angle at the current moment. This is achieved based on the pre-calibrated internal parameters of the visual acquisition unit 40 and its fixed spatial position relative to the display panel 10.

[0055] In the display device 100, the support component 60 can adopt a frame-type structure or a tray-type structure. The outline of the support component 60 matches the shape of the display panel 10 and is located on the backlight side (i.e., the non-display side) of the display panel 10. For example, in highly integrated devices such as smartphones, the SCF can be stamped into a rectangular bezel, surrounding and fitting the four edges of the display panel 10. Precise mounting windows or cavities can be reserved at specific locations on the bezel, such as at the top center.

[0056] The visual acquisition unit 40 can be built into the support assembly 60. Specifically, the sensor portion of the visual acquisition unit 40 can be embedded from the inside and fixed to the mounting window or cavity. This design ensures that the visual acquisition unit 40 is fixed on the support structure with a defined spatial relationship to the display panel 10, guaranteeing the stability of the angle measurement reference. At the same time, the structure of the support assembly 60 can provide physical protection and precise alignment for the visual acquisition unit 40.

[0057] Alternatively, the support assembly 60 may also be an SCF backplate covering most of the back of the display panel 10, which not only provides support, but the reinforcing ribs or boss structures on it can also be used to fix the circuit board of the drive control layer 30, the control unit 50 and other connection structures.

[0058] In some embodiments, the display panel 10 is an OLED display panel, specifically an AMOLED (Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode) display panel.

[0059] Specifically, the display panel 10 includes an array of pixel units 11, each pixel unit 11 containing red, green and blue sub-pixels, which are driven to emit light by independent thin-film transistors.

[0060] In some embodiments, the driving control layer 30 includes a thin-film transistor (TFT) array located between the display panel 10 and the liquid crystal dimming layer 20, for providing a controllable driving voltage to the liquid crystal dimming layer 20.

[0061] Specifically, the TFT array operates as a whole electrode to apply a spatially uniform driving voltage to the entire effective area of ​​the liquid crystal dimming layer 20, so as to achieve overall synchronous deflection of the liquid crystal layer.

[0062] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the display device 100 also includes a transparent conductive layer 70, which is disposed on the side of the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 away from the display panel 10. A thin-film transistor array is disposed opposite to the transparent conductive layer 70, thereby forming a capacitor for applying a driving voltage. The thin-film transistor array and the transparent conductive layer 70, through their electrical interaction, jointly form a driving electric field in the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 to control the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules.

[0063] Specifically, a transparent conductive layer 70 is disposed on the side of the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 away from the display panel 10, and is positioned opposite to the electrodes of the thin-film transistor array. The transparent conductive layer 70 serves as a common electrode, and the thin-film transistor array and the transparent conductive layer 70 together constitute a driving electrode pair for the liquid crystal dimming layer 20, thereby forming a driving electric field in the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 for driving the deflection of liquid crystal molecules. In one example, the transparent conductive layer 70 is an indium tin oxide layer.

[0064] In this process, a driving electric field is formed between the electrodes of the thin-film transistor array and the transparent conductive layer 70. The driving electric field is perpendicular to the direction of the display panel 10 to drive the liquid crystal molecules to undergo the required deflection.

[0065] Overall, the display device 100 of this application eliminates viewing angle distortion of the OLED display panel through active optical path correction. The display device 100 includes a display panel 10, a driving control layer 30, and a liquid crystal dimming layer 20 arranged sequentially from bottom to top (from the backlight side to the light-emitting side). In addition, the display device 100 also integrates a visual acquisition unit 40 and a control unit 50.

[0066] Due to the self-emissive properties of OLED materials and the microcavity resonance effect in the device structure, the intensity attenuation rate of light of different wavelengths varies when light is emitted from different angles. This causes the observer to perceive changes in color and brightness when viewing the screen from a direction deviating from the screen's normal direction. This phenomenon is known as "viewpoint deflection".

[0067] To address this issue, this application provides a liquid crystal dimming layer 20 tightly stacked on the light-emitting side of the display panel 10. The liquid crystal dimming layer 20 comprises at least one layer of nematic liquid crystal material, which is sealed between two transparent substrates. Liquid crystal molecules naturally possess an initial alignment orientation. The liquid crystal material exhibits electrically controlled birefringence, meaning that when an electric field is applied, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules predictably deflects depending on the electric field strength and direction. This deflection alters the propagation direction (i.e., the angle of refraction) of light passing through the layer. This application utilizes this physical property of liquid crystals as an overall adjustable optical deflection element, rather than a pixelated switch for displaying images.

[0068] The driving control layer 30 is used to apply a precise electric field to the liquid crystal dimming layer 20. In a preferred embodiment, the driving control layer 30 includes a thin-film transistor array, which is fabricated on the upper surface encapsulation layer of the display panel 10, spatially separated from the pixel driving circuit of the display panel but process-compatible. This TFT array is not used to display images, but serves as a dedicated driver for the liquid crystal dimming layer 20. Each unit electrode of the TFT array is electrically connected to a corresponding region of the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 through a vertical interconnect structure. When the TFT array receives a specific voltage signal, it can establish a corresponding driving electric field within the liquid crystal layer.

[0069] The visual acquisition unit 40 is used to acquire the spatial position information of the viewer's eyes in real time and without contact. The visual acquisition unit 40 employs a high dynamic range, low-light sensitive camera module. The camera module is embedded in the bezel or under-screen area of ​​the display panel 10, and can continuously capture images containing the viewer's face and run machine learning-based face and eye-tracking algorithms. For example, the visual acquisition unit 40 or the control unit 50 runs a convolutional neural network-based face detection model to first locate the facial region, and then uses a facial key point detection model to accurately locate the pixel coordinates of the pupil centers in the image coordinate system.

[0070] The control unit 50 can be a microprocessor or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The control unit 50 establishes data channels and control channels with the vision acquisition unit 40 and the drive control layer 30, respectively. The core storage area of ​​the control unit 50 contains a voltage-angle compensation mapping table. This mapping table was obtained through prior systematic optical calibration experiments, establishing the correspondence between the observation angle and the target driving voltage required to be applied to the liquid crystal dimming layer.

[0071] The workflow of the display device 100 is illustrated below: The visual acquisition unit 40 acquires viewer position data at a certain frequency (e.g., 60Hz) and sends the calculated real-time observation angle to the control unit 50. Upon receiving the angle data, the control unit 50 immediately queries the built-in voltage-angle compensation mapping table. The control unit 50 generates corresponding control commands and sends them to the timing controller of the drive control layer 30. According to the commands, the drive control layer 30 applies a uniform driving voltage to the entire liquid crystal dimming layer 20 through its TFT array. Under the corresponding electric field drive, all liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 undergo coordinated and consistent deflection. The deflection angle is such that the light emitted from each pixel of the display panel 10 is refracted when passing through the liquid crystal dimming layer 20, and its final exit direction is adjusted to point towards the viewer's eyes, thus achieving the effect of light entering the human eye at a normal viewing angle.

[0072] The display device 100 of this application dynamically and physically corrects the direction of light emission by adding an actively adjustable optical layer. This ensures that no matter what angle the viewer looks at the screen, the light received is equivalent to that emitted from the screen's direct viewing angle, thereby completely avoiding the problem of inconsistent RGB brightness attenuation caused by changes in viewing angle and improving color fidelity and visual consistency.

[0073] The liquid crystal dimming layer 20 and the driving control layer 30 can be directly integrated onto the encapsulation layer of the display panel 10 in thin film form, with only a limited increase in overall thickness. The manufacturing process of the TFT array is highly compatible with the current backplane process of display panels, facilitating integrated design and mass production. Combining visual acquisition and electro-controlled liquid crystal response, the display device 100 can achieve real-time viewing angle tracking and optical path correction.

[0074] like Figure 6 As shown, embodiments of this application also provide a control method for a display device 100. The control method for the display device 100 includes the following steps: Step S10: Obtain the viewer's observation angle relative to the display panel 10; Step S20: Based on the observation angle, query the pre-stored voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship to obtain the target driving voltage; Step S30: Apply a target driving voltage to the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel 10 to drive the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 to deflect, thereby adjusting the light emission direction of the display panel 10 to face the viewer.

[0075] Specifically, the viewing angle of the viewer relative to the display panel 10 is obtained by the visual acquisition unit 40; the control unit 50 queries the pre-stored voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship according to the viewing angle to obtain the target driving voltage; the control driving control layer 30 applies the target driving voltage to the liquid crystal dimming layer 20, driving the liquid crystal dimming layer 20 to deflect as a whole, so that the light emission direction of the display panel 10 is adjusted to face the viewer.

[0076] The control method for the display device provided in this application constructs an intelligent and adaptive optical compensation closed loop by integrating visual tracking, pre-calibration mapping, and overall liquid crystal deflection control. The display device, with its simple hardware architecture, actively and dynamically corrects the optical path, solving the viewing angle color shift problem caused by the microcavity effect in OLEDs, and providing effective technical assurance for users to obtain a stable and realistic color experience from any viewing angle.

[0077] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A display device, characterized by comprising: The display device comprises: a display panel; a liquid crystal dimming layer arranged on the light-emitting side of the display panel; a driving control layer electrically connected to the liquid crystal dimming layer and configured to apply a driving voltage to the liquid crystal dimming layer; a visual acquisition unit arranged on the back light side of the display panel and configured to acquire an observation angle of a viewer relative to the display panel; a control unit signal-connected to the visual acquisition unit and the driving control layer; wherein the control unit has pre-stored a voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship, and the control unit is configured to: query the voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship based on the observation angle to acquire a target driving voltage, and control the driving control layer to apply the target driving voltage to the liquid crystal dimming layer to drive the liquid crystal dimming layer to deflect as a whole, so that the light-emitting direction of the display panel is adjusted to be towards the viewer.

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The driving control layer is configured to apply a uniform target driving voltage to the liquid crystal dimming layer.

3. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship is obtained based on display chrominance calibration, and the calibration comprises determining a target driving voltage required for compensating for the viewing color deviation of the display panel and causing the liquid crystal dimming layer to deflect correspondingly at different observation angles.

4. The display device according to claim 3, wherein The display chrominance comprises at least one of chrominance coordinates and brightness.

5. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The display device comprises a support assembly arranged on the back light side of the display panel, and the visual acquisition unit is at least partially built in the support assembly.

6. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The visual acquisition unit comprises a camera or an infrared sensor.

7. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The display panel is an OLED display panel.

8. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The driving control layer comprises a thin film transistor array located between the display panel and the liquid crystal dimming layer.

9. The display device according to claim 8, wherein The display device further comprises a transparent conductive layer arranged on the side of the liquid crystal dimming layer away from the display panel, and the transparent conductive layer is arranged opposite to the thin film transistor array to form a capacitor for applying the driving voltage.

10. A control method of a display device, characterized by, The method comprises: acquiring an observation angle of a viewer relative to a display panel; querying a pre-stored voltage-angle compensation mapping relationship based on the observation angle to acquire a target driving voltage; applying the target driving voltage to a liquid crystal dimming layer arranged on the light-emitting side of the display panel to drive the liquid crystal dimming layer to deflect, so that the light-emitting direction of the display panel is adjusted to be towards the viewer.

Images