State monitoring device and method for bolted connection plate

Abstract

The invention discloses a state monitoring device and method for a bolt connection plate, and relates to the field of structure connection monitoring, and the device comprises an acquisition module which is used for collecting the bolt distribution state information of the surface of a detection target; the modeling module is used for receiving the bolt distribution state information acquired by the acquisition module and constructing a bolt distribution model based on the bolt distribution state information; the relative position coordinates of the bolts are collected through the sensor, the distribution model is constructed, the connection state change degree can be analyzed based on a historical model, detection is triggered in a self-adaptive mode in combination with vibration, wind power and other environmental factors, omissions of manual inspection are avoided, subtle changes can be dynamically captured, the abnormal risk of the connection state is recognized by comparing model differences, and the detection accuracy is improved. And a to-be-checked bolt can be positioned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of structural connection monitoring technology, specifically to a condition monitoring device and method for bolted plate components. Background Technology

[0002] Bolted connections, as a detachable mechanical fastening method, are widely used in bridge steel structures, building steel structures, machinery and equipment, vehicles and ships. Bolted plate connections form rigid or semi-rigid connections through bolt fastening, playing a crucial role in transferring loads and maintaining structural stability.

[0003] During long-term service, bolted plate connections are affected by various factors such as alternating loads, vibration and impact, temperature changes, and corrosion, which may lead to deterioration phenomena such as bolt loosening, relative displacement of plates, and decreased connection stiffness. If these abnormal conditions are not detected and addressed in time, they will cause the connection performance to degrade, triggering a chain reaction of problems such as increased structural vibration, fatigue crack propagation, and reduced load-bearing capacity. In severe cases, it may even cause local failure or the collapse of the entire structure.

[0004] Currently, the condition monitoring of bolted plate connections mainly relies on regular manual inspections, judging the connection status by visually observing the bolt appearance, listening to the sound when hammering, or using a torque wrench to check the preload. This method has the following shortcomings: First, the inspection cycle is fixed, making it difficult to capture sudden anomalies; second, it relies on personnel experience, which is highly subjective and prone to omissions; and third, for large groups of bolts, it is difficult to quickly locate the abnormal position.

[0005] To address this, a condition monitoring device and method for bolted plate components are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a condition monitoring device and method for bolted connection plates, which can effectively solve the problems of the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions; This invention discloses a condition monitoring device for bolted plate components, comprising: The system comprises the following modules: an acquisition module for collecting bolt distribution information on the surface of a target object (a bolt-connected plate); a modeling module for receiving bolt distribution information from the acquisition module and constructing a bolt distribution model; an analysis module for acquiring current and historical bolt distribution models from the modeling module and analyzing the degree of state change of the connected plate based on historical bolt distribution models; a judgment module for receiving the analysis results of the degree of state change of the connected plate from the analysis module and determining whether there is any abnormal risk in the connected plate; and a visualization module for receiving the judgment results from the judgment module and the earliest and latest bolt distribution models constructed in the modeling module in real time, and displaying the judgment results and bolt distribution models.

[0008] Furthermore, the bolt distribution information on the target surface acquired by the acquisition module is the relative position coordinates of each bolt on the target surface. The acquisition module is integrated with position sensor a and position sensor b. During the operation of the acquisition module, the user manually puts position sensor a onto or inserts it into any bolt on the target surface, and then puts position sensor b onto or inserts it into other bolts on the target surface in sequence. Position sensor a is marked as (0, 0, 0) as a reference position coordinate. Each time position sensor b is put onto or inserted into a bolt on the target surface, it obtains a relative position coordinate with reference to position sensor a. This process continues until position sensor b has obtained a relative position coordinate for all bolts except those on the target surface where position sensor a is put onto or inserted, and a set of position coordinates is obtained. The position sensor is integrated into the mold that adapts to the bolt head. The mold fits the bolt head perfectly. When the mold is fitted into or inserted into the bolt head, the position sensor on the mold is on the bolt's axis of symmetry.

[0009] Furthermore, the acquisition module is equipped with a decision unit and a storage unit at its lower level. The decision unit is used to prompt the user to use the acquisition module to perform the acquisition operation of the bolt distribution status information on the target surface. The storage unit is used to receive the set of position coordinates obtained by the acquisition module each time it runs and store the set of position coordinates. The decision-making unit is equipped with a fixed prompting period and adaptive prompting logic. The decision-making unit, in conjunction with the fixed prompting period and adaptive prompting logic, prompts the user to perform the data collection operation in real time. The decision-making unit connects to the user's mobile computer device via a wireless network. When triggered by a fixed prompting cycle and adaptive prompting logic, the decision-making unit sends preset text prompts to the mobile computer device for the user to read.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixed prompting period set within the decision-making unit is user-defined, and the adaptive prompting logic follows: Configuration phase: Vibration sensors are deployed at fixed locations near the target, and wind sensors are deployed in the environment where the target is located. Vibration signals and wind speeds are sensed and recorded in real time based on the vibration sensors and wind sensors. Adaptive prompting phase: ; In the formula: For accumulated recorded vibration signals; Let be the average energy of the i-th sensed vibration signal; Preset energy value; For cumulative recorded wind speeds; The average wind speed is the value of the j-th and j+1-th wind speed measurements. The preset wind speed value; , The value is user-defined. When any one of the above formulas is true, the decision unit is triggered to run and the accumulated vibration signals and wind speed information are cleared simultaneously. Among them, the vibration sensor and wind sensor operate at a frequency of no less than three times relative to the fixed prompting cycle of each decision unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the bolt distribution status information received by the modeling module each time it runs is the latest set of position coordinates stored in the storage unit; The modeling module is equipped with a forwarding unit, which is used to receive the bolt distribution model built by the modeling module each time it runs, forward the bolt distribution model to the storage unit, and bind and store it in the storage unit with the set of position coordinates used for its construction. During the modeling module's operation phase, after receiving the set of position coordinates, the corresponding points of each position coordinate in the set are picked up in any 3D modeling software. Based on the picked corresponding points, they are combined in pairs, and each pair of corresponding points is connected to each other to construct the skeleton model of the bolt distribution model; based on the edge corresponding points in each picked corresponding point, the largest and closed three-dimensional model is constructed. The skeleton model is inside the three-dimensional model, and the combination of the skeleton model and the three-dimensional model is called the bolt distribution model.

[0012] Furthermore, the bolt distribution models currently constructed and historically constructed obtained during the operation phase of the analysis module are all from the storage unit. The target of acquisition is the latest bolt distribution model stored in the storage unit, and the bolt distribution model stored last time compared to the latest bolt distribution model. The evaluation logic for the degree of change in the state of the connecting plates in the analysis module is expressed as follows: ; In the formula: This is an assessment value for the degree of change in the condition of the connecting plates; The degree of change of the skeleton model corresponding to the two bolt distribution models, and the degree of change of the three-dimensional model corresponding to the two bolt distribution models; To configure weights; in, All are positive numbers. The sum is 1. Furthermore, the smaller the difference between the average volume of the three-dimensional model corresponding to the two bolt distribution models and the volume of the detected target space, the better. The larger the value, the more the analysis module will simultaneously sort and record the evaluation values ​​of the degree of change in the status of the connecting plates obtained from historical analysis based on the analysis time sequence.

[0013] Furthermore, the judgment module is preset with a judgment threshold. The judgment module compares the real-time received evaluation value of the degree of change of the state of the connection board with the judgment threshold. When the evaluation value of the degree of change of the state of the connection board is greater than or equal to the judgment threshold, it is determined that the connection board has an abnormal risk; otherwise, it is determined that the connection board does not have an abnormal risk. When the judgment module determines that the result is negative, it synchronously traverses the historical analysis results of the connection board status change assessment value recorded in the analysis module, and identifies whether the latest three connection board status change assessment values ​​show a continuous upward trend. If the identification result is positive, it is determined that the connection board has an abnormal risk; otherwise, it is determined that the connection board does not have an abnormal risk.

[0014] Furthermore, the visualization module is equipped with a sniffing unit, which is used to identify bolts to be inspected on the surface of the target. The identification logic for the bolts to be checked in the sniffing unit is represented as follows: The coordinates of the fixed-deployment vibration sensor relative to the position sensor a are obtained during the construction phase of the two bolt distribution models received by the visualization module, denoted as X and X′. The two bolt distribution models received by the visualization module are aligned with X and X′ in three-dimensional space by translation. Based on the alignment operation, the two bolt distribution models received by the visualization module are made to overlap. The area outside the intersection area of ​​the two overlapping bolt distribution models is taken as the recognition area. The endpoints of the line segments that fall on the corresponding skeleton models of the two overlapping bolt distribution models in the recognition area are identified. The endpoint of the line segment points to the corresponding bolt in the bolt distribution model, which is the bolt to be investigated.

[0015] Furthermore, the acquisition module is interconnected with a decision-making unit and a storage unit via a wireless network. The acquisition module is interconnected with a modeling module via a wireless network. The modeling module is interconnected with a forwarding unit via a wireless network. The forwarding unit and the modeling module are interconnected with the storage unit via a wireless network. The modeling module is interconnected with an analysis module via a wireless network. The analysis module is interconnected with the storage unit via a wireless network. The analysis module is interconnected with a judgment module and a visualization module via a wireless network. The visualization module is interconnected with a sniffing unit via a wireless network.

[0016] On the other hand, a method for monitoring the condition of bolted plate components includes: Collect information on the distribution of bolts on the surface of the target object; A bolt distribution model is constructed based on the bolt distribution status information of the detected target surface. Analyze the degree of state change of connecting plates based on a historical bolt distribution model; The analysis results of the degree of change in the state of the connecting plates are used to determine whether there are any abnormal risks in the connecting plates. The system displays the historical bolt distribution model and judgment results. When the judgment result indicates that there is an abnormal risk, the system identifies and locates the bolts to be investigated on the surface of the target.

[0017] Compared with the known prior art, the technical solution provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a condition monitoring device and method for bolted plate connections. During execution, the device and method collect the relative position coordinates of bolts through sensors and construct a distribution model. Based on historical models, it can analyze the degree of state changes of the connecting plates and adaptively trigger detection by combining environmental factors such as vibration and wind. This avoids the omissions of manual inspections, dynamically captures subtle changes, identifies abnormal risks by comparing model differences, and can also locate bolts to be inspected. By combining the skeleton model with the three-dimensional model for analysis, the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the detection are improved. This method, which integrates data acquisition, modeling analysis, intelligent judgment, visualization, and identification of points to be inspected, does not rely on complex professional equipment and can present the bolt status in real time and intuitively, effectively preventing safety hazards caused by abnormal conditions of connecting plates. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a condition monitoring device for bolted plate components. Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for monitoring the condition of bolted plate components. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0022] Example 1: This invention establishes a monitoring logic based on the mechanical characteristics of bolted connections. During service, when bolted plates experience abnormal conditions such as bolt loosening, relative displacement of the plates, or degradation of connection stiffness, the relative positions between the bolts and the plates inevitably change, leading to alterations in the spatial distribution of the bolt group. In bolted connections, there is a load distribution mechanism among the bolts; when one bolt fails, the load is redistributed to the other bolts, affecting the overall stress pattern of the bolt group. Simultaneously, when the plates deform, the bolt group deforms in tandem with the plates, and the geometric distribution of the bolt group reflects the deformation pattern of the plates. Therefore, by monitoring changes in the spatial distribution model of the bolt group, the overall condition of the connected plates can be indirectly assessed. This embodiment employs a dual-model combined evaluation strategy: the skeleton model forms a network of line segments by connecting bolt points in pairs, reflecting the topological structure of the bolt group and being sensitive to local relative displacement; the three-dimensional closed model forms a bounding box by connecting edge bolt points, reflecting the overall spatial extent and being sensitive to overall translation, rotation, and deformation. By weightedly combining the degree of change of the two models, a comprehensive evaluation from local to global perspective is achieved.

[0023] This embodiment provides a condition monitoring device for bolted plate connections, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire information on the distribution of bolts on the surface of the target being detected, where the target is a bolt-connected plate. The acquisition module collects information on the distribution of bolts on the target surface, namely the relative position coordinates of each bolt on the target surface. The acquisition module is integrated with position sensor a and position sensor b. During the operation of the acquisition module, the user manually puts position sensor a onto or inserts it into any bolt on the target surface, and then puts position sensor b onto or inserts it into other bolts on the target surface in sequence. Position sensor a is marked as (0, 0, 0) as a reference position coordinate. After each time position sensor b is put onto or inserted into a bolt on the target surface, it obtains a relative position coordinate with reference to position sensor a. This process continues until position sensor b has obtained the relative position coordinates of all bolts except those put onto or inserted into the target surface by position sensor a, resulting in a set of position coordinates. The position sensor is integrated into the mold that adapts to the bolt head. The mold fits the bolt head perfectly. When the mold is fitted into or inserted into the bolt head, the position sensor on the mold is on the bolt's axis of symmetry. It should be noted that the mold mentioned above is actually a sleeve or insert made of metal or a material that is not easily deformed, with grooves on its surface that are adapted to the shape of the bolt head. It functions similarly to a bolt wrench and can be fitted onto the surface of the bolt head or inserted into the pre-drilled groove in the bolt head. The acquisition module is equipped with a decision unit and a storage unit. The decision unit is used to prompt the user to use the acquisition module to perform the acquisition operation of the bolt distribution status information on the target surface. The storage unit is used to receive the set of position coordinates obtained by the acquisition module each time it runs and store the set of position coordinates. The decision-making unit is equipped with a fixed prompting cycle and adaptive prompting logic. The decision-making unit, in conjunction with the fixed prompting cycle and adaptive prompting logic, prompts the user to perform data collection operations in real time. The decision-making unit connects to the user's mobile computer device via a wireless network. When the decision-making unit is triggered based on a fixed prompting period and adaptive prompting logic, it sends preset text prompt information to the mobile computer device for the user to read. The fixed prompting cycle set within the decision-making unit is user-defined, and the adaptive prompting logic follows: Configuration phase: Vibration sensors are deployed at fixed locations near the target, and wind sensors are deployed in the environment where the target is located. Vibration signals and wind speeds are sensed and recorded in real time based on the vibration sensors and wind sensors. Adaptive prompting phase: ; In the formula: For accumulated recorded vibration signals; Let be the average energy of the i-th sensed vibration signal; Preset energy value; For cumulative recorded wind speeds; The average wind speed is the value of the j-th and j+1-th wind speed measurements. The preset wind speed value; , The value is user-defined. When any one of the above formulas is true, the decision unit is triggered to run and the accumulated vibration signals and wind speed information are cleared simultaneously. It is important to note that , The value can be set based on prior experience, with the aim of interspersing random periods within a fixed prompting period for further detection; Among them, the vibration sensor and wind sensor operate at a frequency of no less than three times relative to the fixed prompting cycle of each decision unit; The modeling module is used to receive bolt distribution status information collected by the acquisition module and build a bolt distribution model based on the bolt distribution status information. The modeling module receives bolt distribution status information each time it runs, which is the latest set of position coordinates stored in the storage unit; The modeling module has a forwarding unit inside. The forwarding unit is used to receive the bolt distribution model built by the modeling module each time it runs, forward the bolt distribution model to the storage unit, and bind and store it in the storage unit with the set of position coordinates used for its construction. During the modeling module's operation phase, after receiving the set of position coordinates, the corresponding points of each position coordinate in the set are picked up in any 3D modeling software. Based on the corresponding points picked, they are combined in pairs, and each pair of corresponding points is connected to each other to construct the skeleton model of the bolt distribution model; based on the corresponding edge points among the picked corresponding points, the largest and closed three-dimensional model is constructed. The skeleton model is inside the three-dimensional model, and the combination of the skeleton model and the three-dimensional model is called the bolt distribution model. It should be noted that when constructing the largest and most closed 3D model based on the interconnection of corresponding edge points, the area bounded by the 3D model needs to encompass all corresponding points. To a certain extent, the 3D model constructed here can be replaced by the bounding box of the region where the corresponding points are located. The analysis module is used to obtain the bolt distribution models currently and historically built by the modeling module, and to analyze the degree of state change of the connecting plates based on the historical bolt distribution models. The bolt distribution models currently and historically constructed obtained during the analysis module's operation phase are all from the storage unit. The target is the latest bolt distribution model stored in the storage unit, and the bolt distribution model stored last time compared to the latest bolt distribution model. The evaluation logic for the degree of change in the state of connected boards in the analysis module is expressed as follows: ; In the formula: This is an assessment value for the degree of change in the condition of the connecting plates; The degree of change of the skeleton model corresponding to the two bolt distribution models, and the degree of change of the three-dimensional model corresponding to the two bolt distribution models; To configure weights; in, All are positive numbers. The sum is 1. Furthermore, the smaller the difference between the average volume of the three-dimensional model corresponding to the two bolt distribution models and the volume of the detected target space, the better. The larger the value, the more the analysis module simultaneously sorts and records the evaluation values ​​of the degree of change in the status of the connecting boards obtained from historical analysis based on the analysis time sequence; The value is a dimensionless comprehensive evaluation index based on the differences in geometric models. It indirectly reflects the degree of change in the state of the connecting plates through the degree of change in the spatial distribution pattern of the bolt group. The skeleton model is characterized by the degree of change of the skeleton model. The skeleton model is composed of a network of line segments formed by connecting all the bolt position points in pairs, which is similar to the topological skeleton of the bolt group. By comprehensively evaluating changes in the number of line segments, changes in line segment direction vectors, changes in centroid position, and changes in bounding box overlap, local anomalies can be sensitively captured: when individual bolts loosen, the direction of line segments around that point changes, and the matching degree of line segment direction vectors decreases; when the plate is locally deformed, the bolt spacing changes, and the length and number of line segments change; when the overall center of gravity of the bolt group shifts, the centroid distance increases. It characterizes the degree of change in the three-dimensional closed model. The three-dimensional model is composed of a closed bounding box formed by connecting the edge bolt points, reflecting the overall spatial distribution range of the bolt group. By calculating the similarity between two 3D models through point cloud registration and distance measurement, it is possible to sensitively capture changes in the overall spatial range: when the plate slides as a whole, the 3D model translates as a whole; when the plate deforms over a large area, the shape of the 3D model changes. The values ​​employ a weighted combination strategy, taking into account both local and overall changes. (By default...) More emphasis is placed on local topological changes, because early anomalies in connecting plates often manifest as loose bolts or local deformation of the plates; when the volume of the 3D model matches the volume of the target space (i.e., high acquisition coverage), it indicates that the 3D model can more accurately reflect the overall state, and dynamic scaling is then appropriate. Increase the assessment weight of changes in the overall spatial extent; From physical state to The mapping relationship of values ​​can be summarized as follows: abnormal connection of plates (loosening, slippage, deformation) → change in bolt position → difference in geometric model of bolt group → and Increase → The value increases; It should be noted that, The values ​​reflect differences in the geometric model, rather than directly measuring mechanical parameters such as connection stiffness or preload. This method is suitable for assessing relative changes in connection status and analyzing trends. By comparing historical data, it can promptly identify abnormal risks and provide a basis for preventative maintenance. The calculation formula is: ; In the formula: , The line segment feature weight and the position feature weight are set to 0.7 and 0.3 respectively; The number of line segments in skeleton model A and skeleton model B; To retrieve the maximum value within the parentheses; The sub-weight for the quantitative feature is set to 0.5; The number of line segments matched; Let be the direction vector of the i-th line segment in skeleton model A and skeleton model B; For adjacent modules; Let's define the centroid coordinates of skeleton model A and skeleton model B; The maximum threshold for the distance to the centroid; The volume of the overlapping portion of the axis-aligned bounding boxes of skeleton model A and skeleton model B; Let V be the volume of the union of the bounding boxes of skeleton model A and skeleton model B; in, = ; During the calculation, point cloud registration and distance metrics were used to calculate the similarity between the corresponding 3D models of the two bolt distribution models. The similarity calculation results were normalized to the range of 0 to 1, and the difference between the normalized result and 1 was recorded as 1. ; The judgment module is used to receive the analysis results of the degree of change in the state of the connecting board from the analysis module, and to determine whether there is any abnormal risk in the connecting board based on the analysis results; The judgment module has a preset judgment threshold. The judgment module compares the real-time received evaluation value of the degree of change of the status of the connected board with the judgment threshold. When the evaluation value of the degree of change of the status of the connected board is greater than or equal to the judgment threshold, it is determined that the connected board has an abnormal risk; otherwise, it is determined that the connected board does not have an abnormal risk. When the judgment result of the judgment module is negative, the historical analysis results of the connection board status change assessment value recorded in the analysis module are synchronously traversed to identify whether the latest three connection board status change assessment values ​​show a continuous upward trend. If the identification result is positive, the connection board is judged to have an abnormal risk; otherwise, the connection board is judged not to have an abnormal risk. The visualization module is used to receive the judgment results from the judgment module and the earliest and latest bolt distribution models built in the modeling module in real time, and to display the judgment results and bolt distribution models. The visualization module is equipped with a sniffing unit, which is used to identify bolts to be inspected on the surface of the target. The identification logic for the bolts to be checked in the sniffing unit is represented as follows: The coordinates of the fixed-deployment vibration sensor relative to the position sensor a are obtained during the construction phase of the two bolt distribution models received by the visualization module, denoted as X and X′. The two bolt distribution models received by the visualization module are aligned with X and X′ in three-dimensional space by translation. Based on the alignment operation, the two bolt distribution models received by the visualization module are made to overlap. The area outside the intersection area of ​​the two overlapping bolt distribution models is taken as the recognition area. The endpoints of the line segments that fall on the corresponding skeleton models of the two overlapping bolt distribution models in the recognition area are identified. The endpoint of the line segment points to the corresponding bolt in its bolt distribution model, which is the bolt to be investigated. The acquisition module is connected to a decision-making unit and a storage unit via a wireless network. The acquisition module is also connected to a modeling module via a wireless network. The modeling module is connected to a forwarding unit via a wireless network. The forwarding unit and the modeling module are connected to the storage unit via a wireless network. The modeling module is connected to an analysis module via a wireless network. The analysis module is connected to the storage unit via a wireless network. The analysis module is connected to the judgment module and the visualization module via a wireless network. The visualization module is connected to a sniffing unit via a wireless network.

[0024] In this embodiment, the acquisition module collects and detects bolt distribution status information on the target surface. The decision unit simultaneously prompts the user to use the acquisition module to perform the acquisition operation of bolt distribution status information on the target surface. The storage unit receives the set of position coordinates acquired by the acquisition module each time it runs and stores the set of position coordinates. The modeling module runs after receiving the bolt distribution status information collected by the acquisition module and constructs a bolt distribution model based on the bolt distribution status information. The forwarding unit simultaneously receives the bolt distribution model constructed by the modeling module each time it runs and forwards the bolt distribution model to the storage unit, where it is bound and stored with the set of position coordinates used for its construction. Then, the analysis module obtains the bolt distribution models currently and historically constructed by the modeling module and analyzes the degree of state change of the connecting plates based on the historical bolt distribution models. The judgment module further receives the analysis results of the degree of state change of the connecting plates from the analysis module and determines whether there is any abnormal risk in the connecting plates based on the analysis results. Finally, the visualization module receives the judgment results of the judgment module and the earliest and latest bolt distribution models constructed in the modeling module in real time and displays the judgment results and bolt distribution models. During the operation of the visualization module, the sniffing unit simultaneously identifies the bolts to be investigated on the target surface.

[0025] Through the above embodiments, the system can accurately collect information on the distribution of bolts on the surface of the target and build a model. By analyzing historical models, it can accurately determine the degree of change in the state of the connected plates and promptly identify abnormal risks. Combined with intelligent trigger detection based on environmental factors such as vibration and wind, it can dynamically monitor the bolt connection status and visualize the judgment results and model, accurately locating the bolts to be investigated. This effectively improves the efficiency and accuracy of monitoring the state of bolted connected plates, providing reliable assurance for the daily operation of the target.

[0026] Example 2: At the implementation level, based on Example 1, this example refers to... Figure 2 A further detailed description of the condition monitoring device for bolted plate components in Example 1 is provided below: A method for monitoring the condition of bolted plate components includes: Collect information on the distribution of bolts on the surface of the target object; A bolt distribution model is constructed based on the bolt distribution status information of the detected target surface. Analyze the degree of state change of connecting plates based on a historical bolt distribution model; The analysis results of the degree of change in the state of the connecting plates are used to determine whether there are any abnormal risks in the connecting plates. The historical bolt distribution model and judgment results are displayed. When the judgment result indicates that there is an abnormal risk, the bolts to be investigated on the surface of the detection target are identified and located. In summary, the device and method in the above embodiments, during execution, collect the relative position coordinates of bolts through sensors and construct a distribution model. Based on historical models, they can analyze the degree of state change of connecting plates and adaptively trigger detection by combining environmental factors such as vibration and wind. This avoids the omissions of manual inspection, dynamically captures subtle changes, identifies abnormal risks by comparing model differences, and can also locate bolts to be inspected. By combining the skeleton model with the 3D model for analysis, the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the detection are improved. This method, which integrates data acquisition, modeling analysis, intelligent judgment, visualization, and identification of points to be inspected, does not rely on complex professional equipment and can present the state of connecting plates in real time and intuitively, effectively preventing safety hazards caused by abnormal state of connecting plates.

[0027] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bolted plate member condition monitoring apparatus, characterised in that, The application relates to a bolt distribution state information acquisition and analysis system. The application comprises: a collection module for collecting bolt distribution state information on a detection target surface, wherein the detection target is a bolted plate part; a modeling module for receiving bolt distribution state information collected by the collection module, and constructing a bolt distribution model based on the bolt distribution state information; an analysis module for obtaining a bolt distribution model currently and historically constructed by the modeling module, and analyzing the state change degree of the bolted plate part based on the historical bolt distribution model; a judgment module for receiving the analysis result of the state change degree of the bolted plate part in the analysis module, and judging whether the bolted plate part has an abnormal risk based on the analysis result; 2. A bolted plate member condition monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that, a visualization module for receiving the judgment result of the judgment module and the earliest and latest bolt distribution models constructed by the modeling module in real time, and displaying the judgment result and the bolt distribution models. The bolt distribution state information collected by the collection module is the relative position coordinates of each bolt on the detection target surface; The collection module is integrated by a position sensor a and a position sensor b. In a running stage of the collection module, a user manually inserts the position sensor a into any bolt on the detection target surface, and then inserts the position sensor b into other bolts on the detection target surface in sequence. The position sensor a is used as a reference position coordinate mark (0, 0, 0). After the position sensor b is inserted into each bolt on the detection target surface, the relative position coordinates are obtained with reference to the position sensor a. After the relative position coordinates of all bolts except the bolt into which the position sensor a is inserted are obtained, a position coordinate set is obtained.

3. A bolted plate member condition monitoring apparatus according to claim 2, characterised in that, The position sensor is integrated on a mold matched with the bolt head. When the mold is inserted into the bolt head, the position sensor on the mold is on the bolt symmetry axis. The collection module is provided with a decision unit and a storage unit. The decision unit is used for prompting a user to perform a collection operation of the bolt distribution state information on the detection target surface. The storage unit is used for receiving the position coordinate set obtained by the collection module in each running, and storing the position coordinate set. The decision unit is provided with a fixed prompt period and adaptive prompt logic. The decision unit combines the fixed prompt period and the adaptive prompt logic to prompt the user to perform the collection operation in real time.

4. A bolted plate member condition monitoring apparatus according to claim 3, characterised in that, The fixed prompt period of the decision unit is defined by the user. The adaptive prompt logic is subject to the following conditions: In a configuration stage, a vibration sensor is arranged at a fixed position near the detection target, and a wind sensor is arranged in an environment where the detection target is located. The vibration sensor and the wind sensor are used to sense and record vibration signals and wind speeds in real time. Adaptive prompting phase: ; In the formula: is the accumulated recorded vibration signal; is the average energy of the i-th sensed vibration signal; is the preset energy value; is the accumulated recorded wind speed; is the average of the j-th and j+1-th sensed wind speed; is the preset wind speed value; , The value is defined by the user, and when any of the above formulas is true, the decision unit is triggered to run and the accumulated vibration signal and wind speed information are cleared simultaneously. The running frequency of the vibration sensor and the wind sensor is not less than three times relative to the fixed prompt period of each decision unit.

5. A bolted plate member condition monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that, The modeling module receives the bolt distribution state information received each time, that is, the latest stored position coordinate set in the storage unit; The modeling module is internally provided with a forwarding unit, which is used to receive the bolt distribution model constructed by the modeling module each time, and forward the bolt distribution model to the storage unit, and bind and store the position coordinate set used for construction in the storage unit; In the modeling module running stage, after receiving the position coordinate set, each position coordinate corresponding point in the position coordinate set is picked up in any three-dimensional mapping software; Based on the combination of each picked up corresponding point in the form of all two groups, each group of corresponding points is connected to each other to construct the skeleton model of the bolt distribution model; based on the edge corresponding points in each picked up corresponding point, the maximum and closed three-dimensional model is constructed, and the skeleton model is inside the three-dimensional model, and the combination of the skeleton model and the three-dimensional model is marked as the bolt distribution model.

6. A bolted plate member condition monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that, The bolt distribution models constructed in the analysis module running stage are all from the storage unit, and the target is the latest stored bolt distribution model in the storage unit and the bolt distribution model stored last time compared with the latest stored bolt distribution model; The evaluation logic of the connection plate part state change degree in the analysis module is represented as: ； In the formula: is a connection plate part state change degree evaluation value; is a change degree of a two-bolt distribution model corresponding to a skeleton model, and a change degree of a two-bolt distribution model corresponding to a three-dimensional model; is a configuration weight; wherein, are all positive numbers, the sum is 1, and the smaller the difference between the volume average of the two bolt distribution models corresponding to the three-dimensional model and the volume of the detection target space, the the greater the value, and the analysis module synchronously sorts and records the state change degree evaluation value of the historical analysis of the connecting plate based on the analysis time sequence.

7. A bolted plate member condition monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that, The judgment module is provided with a predetermined judgment threshold, and the judgment module compares the connection plate part state change degree evaluation value received in real time with the judgment threshold. When the connection plate part state change degree evaluation value is greater than or equal to the judgment threshold, it is determined that the connection plate part has an abnormal risk, otherwise, it is determined that the connection plate part does not have an abnormal risk; When the determination result of the judgment module is no, the historical analysis connection plate part state change degree evaluation values recorded in the analysis module are synchronously traversed, whether the latest three connection plate part state change degree evaluation values show a continuous upward trend is identified, and the identification result is yes, which determines that the connection plate part has an abnormal risk, otherwise, it is determined that the connection plate part does not have an abnormal risk.

8. A bolted plate member condition monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that, The visualization module is internally provided with a sniffing unit, which is used to identify the bolts to be investigated on the surface of the detection target; The identification logic of the bolts to be investigated in the sniffing unit is represented as: The coordinates of the two bolt distribution models received by the visualization module are respectively relative to the position sensor a in the construction stage of the two bolt distribution models, which are marked as X and X', and the two bolt distribution models received by the visualization module are aligned in the three-dimensional space by translation, so that X is aligned with X'; Based on the alignment operation, the two bolt distribution models received by the visualization module are overlapped, and the area outside the intersection area of the two overlapped bolt distribution models is used as the identification area, and the end points of the line segments falling in the identification area on the respective corresponding skeleton models of the two overlapped bolt distribution models are identified; The line segment end points point to the position corresponding bolts in the bolt distribution model where the line segment end points are located, that is, the bolts to be investigated.

9. A bolted plate member condition monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that, The collection module is connected with a decision unit and a storage unit through a wireless network interaction, the collection module is connected with a modeling module through a wireless network interaction, the modeling module is internally connected with a forwarding unit through a wireless network interaction, the forwarding unit and the modeling module are connected with the storage unit through a wireless network interaction, the modeling module is connected with an analysis module through a wireless network interaction, the analysis module is connected with the storage unit through a wireless network interaction, the analysis module is connected with a judgment module and a visualization module through a wireless network interaction, and the visualization module is internally connected with a sniffing unit through a wireless network interaction.

10. A method of monitoring the state of a bolted joint, the method being a method of implementing a bolted joint state monitoring apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised by, Comprise: Collecting bolt distribution state information of a detection target surface; Constructing a bolt distribution model based on the bolt distribution state information of the detection target surface; Analyzing the state change degree of the connecting plate according to the bolt distribution model constructed historically; Determining whether the connecting plate has an abnormal risk based on the analysis result of the state change degree of the connecting plate; Displaying the bolt distribution model constructed historically and the determination result, and identifying and positioning the bolts to be investigated on the detection target surface when the determination result is that there is an abnormal risk.

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